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垂直腔表面发射激光器（VCSEL）是一种应用于光纤通信系统的低成本、高性能的特定波长光源,它具有测试简单、易耦合以及易形成阵列等独特优势,已在光并行互连及高密度光存贮等领域得到大规模应用。文章介绍了VCSEL的结构和当前的制造工艺水平,阐述了各波段VCSEL的发展和应用现状,探讨了VCSEL在不同领域中的应用范围并指出了VCSEL的发展前景。

基于流量工程扩展的资源预留协议（RSVP-TE）作为自动交换光网络（ASON）中最重要的信令协议之一被广泛应用。RSVP-TE的可靠性和生存性机制直接影响到ASON的可靠性。文章具体分析了RSVP-TE的可靠性机制和支撑RSVP-TE生存性的软状态机制,阐述了影响生存性的两种基本故障类型——控制信道失效和平面节点失效,并深入研究了它们相应的恢复机制。

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Oncology is the property of Editorial Board of China Oncology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tiangong University is the property of Journal of Tianjin Polytechnic University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper summarized the experience of acupotomy therapy and nursing for a patient with lumbar disc herniation and pain. Primarily, it is required to enhance the preoperative preparation, intraoperative cooperation and vital signs assessment. Moreover, consideration should be taken on care of puncture sites, health education and exercise guidance after surgery. Implementation of systematic and scientific nursing interventions is able to relieve patients’ negative emotion and improve the treatment compliance and postoperative recovery. (本文总结脊柱针刀治疗1例腰椎间盘突出症伴疼痛患者的护理经验。术前做好准备工作; 术中积极配合、密切观察; 术后加强穿刺点的护理、开展健康宣教、指导患者进行相关锻炼。通过科学的护理, 有助于缓解患者不良情绪, 提高术中依从性, 促进患者早日康复。)

This paper summarized the nursing experience of a patient with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). The patient was given a comprehensive treatment and nursing including preoperative visit, postoperative patient-controlled analgesia, postoperative visit, doctor-nurse ward round, and targeted interventions on pain, anxiety, retention of urine, etc. The doctor-nurse ward round and timely adjustment of nursing strategy are effective to improve the therapeutic effect, relieve the pain degree of post-herpetic neuralgia and improve the patient quality of life. (本文总结1例带状疱疹后神经疼痛(PHN)患者的相关护理经验, 包括术前访视、术后自控镇痛泵护理、术后回访、医护联合查房以及针对疼痛、焦虑、尿潴留等的护理措施, 通过医护联合查房及时调整护理措施可以有效提高治疗效果, 减轻PHN患者的疼痛, 提高其生活质量。)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai University of Sport is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Shanghai University of Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biotechnology Bulletin is the property of Biotechnology Bulletin Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition) is the property of South China University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Foundry Technology (1000-8365) is the property of Foundry Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering is the property of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Preventive Medicine is the property of Modern Preventive Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs is the property of Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Education Theory & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The WUSCHEL-related homeobox(WOX)gene family is plant-specific, which plays important roles in plant growth and development, regulation of stem cell differentiation, and response to adverse stress. Identification of potato WOX gene family may provide a theoretical basis and gene resources for potato genetic improvement.[Method] Based on the WOX protein sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana, tomato, tobacco and rice, all members of potato WOX gene family were identified by HMMER 3.0 and BLASTP, MCScanX was used for collinear analysis, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using neighbor-joining method. Physical and chemical properties, gene structure, protein motif, and transcription factor binding sites of potato WOX members were analyzed by ExPASy, GSDS and other software. Expression patterns of StWOXs were analyzed based on potato transcriptome data from PGSC database. RT-qPCR assay was carried out to analyze relative expression of StWOX5 in four potato varieties(lines)with different in vitro regeneration abilities.[Result] 11 members of potato WOX gene family were identified, distributed on five chromosomes, and classified into three clades, namely WUS, intermediate and ancient, with differences in gene structure, motif composition, transcription factor binding sites. The results showed that members of potato WOX gene family were involved in in vitro regeneration and abiotic stress responses. StWOX4/5/11/13 were specifically expressed in callus, StWUS and StWOX1/3c/4/5/13 were up-regulated under mannitol treatment, StWOX3a/11 were up-regulated under salt treatment, and StWOX4/5/13 were up-regulated under heat stress. The relative expression of StWOX5 was positively correlated with the differentiation rate.[Conclusion] Different potato WOX genes had potential functional diversity. StWOX5 may promote potato regeneration in vitro and participate in abiotic stress responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the characteristics of bone metabolism markers and bone mineral density in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture who failed secondary prevention. Methods A total of 65 patients with two or more times osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who underwent PVP or PKP operations in the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects in the observation group, and 219 patients with only one time fractures who underwent surgery in the same period were selected as the control group. The clinical data of the total 284 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The preoperative bone metabolism markers and bone mineral density (BMD) were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference of tP1NP, OCN and 25OHD between the observation group and the control group (P＞0.05) . The levels of β-CTX were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05) . There was no significant difference in hip BMD and femoral neck BMD between the two groups (P＞0.05) . The lumbar BMD value in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05) . ConclusionPatients with failed secondary prevention of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures have more active bone resorption state and lower lumbar bone mineral density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atomic Energy Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atomic Energy Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Machine Tool & Hydraulics is the property of Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (GMERI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urban Mass Transit is the property of Urban Mass Transit Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)