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锕-225（225Ac）具有高传能线密度、适宜的半衰期、短粒子射程和良好的配位能力等特性，是很有医用前景的α核素之一，在肿瘤的靶向放射性核素治疗中具有重要的研究价值。本文简要介绍了225Ac的物理和化学特性以及常用螯合剂（前列腺特异性膜抗原、奥曲肽、纳米载体等），围绕着以多肽或小分子为靶向分子、以单克隆抗体或蛋白为靶向分子和基于纳米载体的TAT药物，综述了225Ac标记的靶向药物在肿瘤中的应用和纳米材料对225Ac衰变子体的保留作用，分析其应用于治疗的价值，总结了225Ac标记方法和适宜螯合剂的选择、靶向性的提高、毒副作用，展望了225Ac国产化以满足未来的临床需求，以期为后续的225Ac标记药物研发提供参考。

With the rapid increase of data size, the defects of traditional spatial indexing become more and more apparent. In comparison, learning indexing is based on data distribution. Its volume will not expand with the increase of the amount of data, and can achieve better performance without performing hierarchical comparison. Nevertheless, there are still two difficulties in applying the idea of learning indexing to spatial data: (1) How to choose appropriate dimension reduction method to sort the spatial data. (2) How to simplify data distribution of the dimension reduced data and make it easy to fit. This paper proposes a new type of grid mixed cluster partition learning indexing (grid-ml) based on the idea of learning indexing. In view of the above two difficulties, grid-ml uses z curve to reduce the dimension, and deals with the jumping problem with double-layer grid structure. Then, the improved K-means clustering method is used to simplify data distribution. The results show that grid-ml builds fast with small spatial storage volume, and can query fast as well, demonstrating significant advantages over the traditional spatial indexing approach.(传统空间索引的体量随数据量的增加而膨胀，查询效率较低。学习索引的体量不随数据量的增加而膨胀，同时避免了层级比较查询，性能优异。将学习索引应用于空间索引存在2个难点：一是选取合适的降维方法实现空间数据的排序；二是对降维后数据序列进行有效的简化分布计算，使其易于拟合。基于此，提出了一种网格混合聚类分区学习索引（grid-ml），用z曲线进行降维，用双层网格结构优化查询策略，用改进的K-means聚类算法进行数据分区，实现数据分布均匀化。对比实验发现，grid-ml构建速度快、存储空间小、查询效率高，较传统空间索引优势显著。)

电力负荷具有非线性和时序性的特点，为了深入研究各特征变量对于电力负荷预测的重要性，进而获得更高的电力负荷预测精度，提出了基于随机森林（random forest，RF）算法及长短期记忆网络（long short-term memory，LSTM）的混合负荷预测模型。首先根据时间日期因素及气候因素建立高维特征数据集作为随机森林模型的输入，通过随机森林算法筛选出重要特征量，并使其与历史负荷结合作为LSTM模型的输入，经过粒子群算法对LSTM模型进行参数寻优后得到RF-LSTM混合模型及负荷预测结果。使用该方法对河北电网某台区的电力负荷进行预测，结果表明该混合模型的预测精度比未经特征变量筛选的传统单一的随机森林算法、LSTM模型以及BP神经网络更为理想。

The stress concentration at the end of spiral groove is very serious during the static tension and compression of the new machined spring,which has a great influence on the strength and fatigue life of the spring.The influence of spring basic parameters on the stress concentration coefficient was analyzed by ANSYS software,and the theoretical criterion for the existence of stress concentration in machined springs is determined.The effects of tangential stress release hole on compression deformation and stress concentration coefficient were investigated; Based on the strength theory and bending theory of curved beam,the formula of maximum equivalent stress without stress concentration was deduced.The results show that when the ratio of the width of the spiral groove to the pitch is less than 0.5,stress concentration occurs in machined springs with the middle diameter between 15 mm ～ 35 mm.The stress concentration can be basically eliminated by cutting stress release hole at the end of spiral groove and controlling its size to be close to the height of rectangular section.The error between the equivalent stress value of the inner ring and the simulation value is less than 3%.It provides an important reference for the subsequent engineering design and application of the new spring.

專利間接侵權，係以誘引或輔助他人侵害專利之方式，損害專利權之行為。為確保專利保護之實效性，美、日與英、德等歐洲國家專利法均設有間接侵權規定，將侵害專利風險較高之特定間接行為，於直接侵權之外另設獨立規範課以侵權責任。我國迄今尚未將間接侵權納入專利法規範，本文分析美國、歐洲兩大陣營間接侵權制度之構成要件設計，作為本土研究之參照基礎，並且據以分析智慧局曾經提出之間接侵權草案條文。在現行法下，國內學說實務均肯認專利間接侵害得以民法第185 條之造意或幫助等共同侵權行為予以課責。為究明我國目前實際規範狀態，本文針對10 年來專利共同侵權之法院判決進行實證研究。調查結果顯示，我國司法實務上主張間接侵權與認定成立之案件數量均甚為稀少。法院對於間接侵權責任採取從屬於直接侵權之立場；然而，對於間接侵權是否以故意為必要，以及所涵蓋的幫助行為範圍，各法院立場分歧，其見解亦不無有待斟酌之處。為彌補司法實務因直接侵權人無過失，從屬免除間接侵權人之侵權責任，導致間接侵權人即使蓄意引發專利侵權，仍無須為之負責的專利保護真空狀態，我國專利法應明文設置間接侵權之規範條文，並且參照國外法制經驗，妥善設計其涵蓋範圍與 構成要件，避免間接侵權責任過於廣泛，以導引本制度之良善發展。 The indirect infringement of patents denotes that the actor contributes to or actively induces patent infringements finished up by others, so that contravening indirectly the exclusive rights of patentees. For the purpose of assuring effective patent protection, countries such as the United States, Japan, United Kingdom and Germany all have instituted legal regimes addressing this type of patent infringement. Taiwan has not yet established such a scheme in its patent law. The pertinent regulations in the United States and European countries are hence carefully analyzed in this article, serving as a point of reference for reviewing and reflecting Taiwanese draft provisions on indirect infringement, which once emerged in the process of patent law revision concluded in 2012. In the meantime, Article 185 of the Civil Code is another possible basis for patent indirect infringement, which imposes le-gal liability on joint tortfeasors. The authors survey judicial decisions of the past 10 years that referred this article in patent cases, investigating the real contour of indirect infringement in the courtroom. The finding shows that such cases are rarely alleged and decided in the court proceedings. In the few judgments that the courts ruled indeed on that issue, indirect infringement was held predicated upon direct infringement. That position results in no one being liable for the patent infringement if the direct infringer commits no negligence, no matter whether she is manipulated by indirect infringers behind the scene. The courts also diverged on mens rea and covered contributory acts of the indirect infringers. In light of those survey results, it would be advisable that the patent law institutes express provisions regulating indirect infringement, so as to prevent infringers from manipulating innocent others and circumventing due liabilities.

均等論（Doctrine of Equivalents）是決定專利侵權重要步驟之一，甚至被認為專利法中最重要的原則。實際上，由於其與專利公示作用的衝突，充滿不確定性，甚至被認為是專利法原則中，最困難且最不可預測的。當被控侵權技術超出申請專利範圍文義之外時，專利權人可依據均等論，對與專利均等之技術主張專利侵權。而判斷被控技術與專利均等的比對方式，目前我國司法實務，主要採取智慧財產局編訂之「專利侵害鑑定要點」，其中規範：若被控對象之構件，與對應申請專利範圍之要件，「係以實質相同的技術手段（Way），達成實質相同的功能（Function），而產生實質相同的結果（Result）時，則屬於該申請專利範圍要件之均等，兩者無實質差異。而所謂的實質相同，係指兩者之差異為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所能輕易完成者。若比對之技術手段、功能、結果其中之一有實質不同，則不適用『均等論』。而此一比對手段、功能與結果的方式，一般稱為三步測試法」。然而，「專利侵害鑑定要點」對於如何適用三步測試法，並未有夠具體的說明。本文以智慧財產法院歷來判決作實證分析，並比對美國法，探討我國司法實務上對於三步測試法進一步的適用程序與規範，檢視其中的妥適性，並提出作者之觀察與建議。 The doctrine of equivalents is one of the most difficult and unpredictable doctrines in patent law to apply. By allowing patentees to gain exclusive right beyond the literal claims in their patents, this doctrine creates tension between the adequate protection of patent right and the public notice function in the patent system. Based on the Guideline for Patent Infringement Analysis proposed by Taiwan Intellectual Property Office, to determined patent infringement under the doctrine of equivalents, the Triple-Identity Test should be applied. Under this test, if an accused device performs substantially the same function in substantially the same way to obtain the same result as the asserted patent, the device infringes the patent. However, the information regarding the test is insufficient in the Guideline for Patent Infringement Analysis. It fails to explain how to apply the test, how to define the Way/Function/Result, and what the sequence of applying the three factors is. Without these detailed information, it will be desirable for the public to know how the Taiwan Intellectual Property Court apply the test. This article attempts to review the practice of the test by empirical study. Especially, this article surveys the patent infringement litigations in the Intellectual Property Court and tries to analyze the test implanted in the Court. Besides, this article also provides some comments and suggestions on the test in Taiwan.

介绍了一种可以使用双极性序列的单极性信道OCDMA（光码分多址）系统,阐述了利用三阶Chebyshev映射构造具有良好相关性的双极性混沌序列的方法,并将双极性混沌序列应用到上述单极性信道OCDMA系统中。对系统性能进行了分析,在完全异步的情况下,推导了信噪比和误码率的表达式,仿真了误码率随用户数变化的曲线,与使用Gold序列的相同系统进行了比较,结果表明:在相同用户数的情况下,使用混沌序列时具有较低的误码率。

为了解决非线性效应与偏振模色散问题所引起的巨大功率代价,对基于偏振的编码技术进行了研究。提出了一种基于三弹光互差频偏振调制的偏振信息获取方法,该方法克服了现有方法无法用阵列探测器实行有效采集及调制频率高等缺点;给出了MATLAB仿真及实验验证结果,证明了该方法在理论及实际中的可行性。

對於專利強制授權（compulsory licensing）制度之實際功能，以往研究文獻大致有兩種看法，其一是認為強制授權制度雖被巴黎公約與TRIPS 協定所承認，並為世界各國普遍採行，但是強制授權之實際案例在各國均甚罕見，此一制度的實際功能如何，值得懷疑。其二則認為各國強制授權實際案例雖不甚多，但是強制授權制度之存在本身，即已提供國內廠商進行授權談判時之有力籌碼，其功能不可忽視。這兩種看法雖然各有所本，但是都未能提出可資驗證的直接論據。而隨著致命的愛滋病在開發中國家迅速蔓延，以及911 事件後恐怖份子對美國的炭疽熱攻擊，在TRIPS 協定之下，各國政府可否以強制授權迫使各大藥廠大幅降價，讓廣大民眾得以使用專利藥品，以資有效維護公眾健康與人民生命安全，一時之間成為國際智慧財產法上熱門爭議問題。本文試圖從此項爭議之事實發展與相關論述中，分析強制授權之制度功能與實際侷限，以拓展對該制度研究之廣度與深度。 In the academia there are generally two positions about the practical function of patent compulsory licensing. In light of very few cases of compulsory licensing seen in the world, even though it is acknowledged both by the Paris Convention and the TRIPS Agreement, some commentators are skeptical of its function in the real life. In contrast, the other side holds that even if the real cases of compulsory licensing are scarce, the very existence of this regime can nonetheless afford a useful leverage for domestic industries in the licensing negotiation with foreign patent owners. Though both sides have their factual bases, they still fail to put forth convincing evidences and concrete reasoning for their positions. However, the wide spread of HIV/AIDS these years in Africa and Anthrax attack in the U.S. after September 11 have recently drawn people’s attention to this issue. It has been hotly discussed and debated that whether the national governments, under the TRIPS Agreement, can exert the rule of compulsory licensing to force multinational pharmaceutical corporations to cut back their drug prices, so as to make certain drugs, which are essential for public health, accessible to the general public. This new development provides an excellent opportunity to review the functions and limitations of the compulsory licensing regime. This article will make use of the real situations and arguments emerging in HIV/AIDS and Anthrax cases to analyze this issue more thoroughly, and thereby to formulate and argue for some specific findings on the topic.

公帄法在國內外自由化風潮中，經歷十年研議方完成立法程序，自從 1992 年施行以來又已屆滿十週年。本文回顧該法立法過程中主要爭議問 題，簡述公帄會十年來收辦案件概況，並將十年期間分為奠基推動期、全 陎開展期、強化執法與法制調適期，自時間縱深檢討公帄法之執法成效。 其次並從有線電視與電信、能源產業與多層次傳銷等三個不同的產業，分 別說明公帄會對於個別產業推動自由化，以及透過規範訂定、個案查處與 柔性執法等方式進行管制的情形，最後並展望未來，由實體陎與組織陎， 分別指出公帄會未來可能的策進方向。 Taiwan Fair Trade Law, which came into force in 1992, was enacted in the global wave of industrial liberalization. This paper reviews key issues in its legislative process and the development of its enforcement, dividing past ten years into three periods It also points out the reactions of the authority concerned, Fair Trade Commission, to various challenges and thereby carrying out its commitments. The authors also examine the roles of Fair Trade Commission both as a competition advocate and a regulator on unfair trading behaviors in three separate sectors. In the end, they try to give some further suggestions to Fair Trade Commission, both on the substantive and organizational aspects, in hope of more effective enforcement of Fair Trade Law in the future.

IPv6具有很多 IPv4所不具备的优点 ,由 IPv4转换到 IPv6是 Internet发展的需要 .文章对混合堆栈机制、隧道技术以及 NAT- PT等实现 IPv6的工具进行了分析 .虽然有一些障碍影响了 IPv6的实现 ,但 IPv6仍然大有前途

垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）以其优异的性能有望成为信息时代的新光源.文章介绍了用于光通信的VCSEL的开发现状.

【目的】探讨急性主动脉夹层(AD)临床特点和诊断。【方法】回顾性分析深圳市5 家医院1995 ～ 2001 年收治的 50 例AD 患者的临床资料。【结果】长期高血压是AD 的主要原因, 45 岁以下发病占18%;76 %患者表现有剧烈的胸前疼痛, 亦有隐痛、无痛和剧痛后缓解;双上肢和上下肢血压异常差异占12%;主动脉瓣舒张期杂音占8%;以并发症急性主动脉分支 急性闭塞造成器官缺血坏死或压迫症状为首发症状出现的有急性心肌梗塞(AM I)、单瘫、截瘫、急性左心衰等, 亦有少见的气 胸和中等量以上心包积液;影像检查电子计算机断层(CT)、磁共振显像(M RI)、经胸超声心动图(TTE)有很高的敏感性, AD 的分型、定位M RI 较TTE 优, 而T TE 在确定有无主动脉瓣损害、心包积液及观察内膜片活动等方面占优。【结论】AD 的临 床表现多样、复杂, 临床医师必须对AD 的临床表现及发病机制有清楚认识, 及时选择或联合应用CT 、MRI 、T TE 等辅助检查 是AD 确诊的重要手段。

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Practical Medicine / Shiyong Yixue Zazhi is the property of Journal of Practical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Feed Industry is the property of Liaoning Provincial Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Combining seed cells with 3D bioprinting technology enables the specific construction of various tissues and organs to meet the demands of tissue repair. However, further research is needed on the promotion of angiogenesis in damaged tissues. OBJECTIVE: By cultivating a 3D scaffold structure of methacrylated gelatin loaded with fibroblasts, obtaining the supernatant, and mixing it in different proportions with a complete culture medium to simulate the cellular microenvironment during tissue repair, this study aimed to explore the role of various cellular microenvironments in promoting angiogenesis in endothelial cells. METHODS: A methacrylated gelatin scaffold structure loaded with fibroblasts was prepared using an extrusion-based 3D bioprinting process. Hydrogel scaffold extract was prepared and mixed with a complete culture medium in ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 to obtain conditioned medium. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts BALB3T3 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were co-cultured with complete medium (control group) and hydrogel scaffold extract, respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed using the CCK-8 assay and cell viability was analyzed using live/dead staining. Three kinds of conditioned medium and complete medium (control group) were used to co-culture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells for tube formulation assay, vascular genetic testing, and immunofluorescence staining of CD31. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the methacrylated gelatin scaffold exhibited a porous structure, and rheological results demonstrated excellent mechanical properties of the hydrogel. CCK-8 assay and live/dead cell staining showed that the hydrogel scaffold extract had no obvious cytotoxicity. (2) Tube formulation assay indicated that the hydrogel showed the total length of cell tubules in 1:1 conditioned medium group was smaller than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences among the four groups in the number of vascular branches formed by endothelial cells (P > 0.05). (3) qRT-PCR results showed that for vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression, the 1:2 conditioned medium group was lower than the 1:1 conditioned medium group on day 1 (P < 0.01). On day 3, the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor in the 1:2 conditioned medium group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). On day 5, the cytokine expression level in the 1:2 conditioned medium group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.000 1). The expression in the 1:1 conditioned medium group was significantly lower than that in the other three groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). On day 1, the expression level of basic fibroblast growth factor in the 1:1 conditioned medium group was significantly higher than that in the control group and 1:4 conditioned medium group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The expression was higher in the 1:2 conditioned medium group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). On day 3, the expression levels of cytokines in the 1:4 conditioned medium group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) On day 3, the expression of CD31 in the 1:2 conditioned medium group was higher than that in the control group and the 1:4 conditioned medium group (P < 0.05). (5) The results indicate that the resulting conditioned media can simulate the microenvironment of vascular regeneration after tissue damage, promoting the vascularization process of endothelial cells. The best promotion of vascularization in endothelial cells was observed when the ratio of supernatant to complete culture medium was 1:2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Intelligent Agriculture Mechanization is the property of Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Forensic Science & Technology is the property of Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Northwest A & F University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Soil & Water Conservation (1009-2242) is the property of Institute of Soil & Water Conservation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of hydrochloric acid added to drinking water on growth and blood biochemical indexes of KM mice. Forty male KM mice of similar body weight were selected for this experiment, the mice were randomly divided into four groups, group A was the control group (sterile water, pH7.2), group B, C and D were treated with hydrochloric acid (pH 4.0, 3.0 and 2.5, respectively). The mice were fed and watered freely for 5 weeks. The body weight, body composition (fat, lean, free water) and blood biochemical indexes were detected. The results showed as follows: ①compared with group A, there were no significant differences in body weight and body composition among KM mice in groups B, C and D (P>0.05). ②Acified water had no significant effect on ALB, GLB, TP, T-BIL, UREA, CREA, GLU, TC and TG concentrations and ALT activity in each group (P>0.05). ③Compared with group A, AST activity was significantly increased at weeks 1,2,3, and 5 (P<0.05); Ca concentration was significantly increased in weeks 1,4, and 5 (P<0.05); and P concentration in Group C was significantly increased at week 4 (P<0.05). The biochemical indexes fluctuated but were within the normal range. In conclusion, acidified water with different pH values has no significant effect on the main biological characteristics of KM mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum PC11 and Lactobacillus plantarum NMGL2 on the incidence of anthracnose disease in mangoes during shelf life. PC11 and NMGL2 fermentation liquids were employed at a concentration of 1010 cfu/mL combined with chitosan to prepare a strain fermentation liquid-chitosan complex solution. The mangoes were immersed in the strain fermentation liquid-chitosan complex solution for 2 minutes, air-dried to form a coating, stored at (25±1)℃ for 12 days, and sampled every 4 days. The indicators were then observed and measured during storage, including the mango respiration intensity, ethylene release, incidence rate, disease index, reactive oxygen, enzyme/non-enzyme substances, and phenolic substances. A correlation analysis was conducted as well. The results showed that the PC11 combined with chitosan coating effectively reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in mangoes, whereas, there was an increase in the enzyme activity of SOD, APX, GPX, and the content of glutathione in the mango reactive oxygen metabolism. On the 8th day of storage, the H2O2 and O_2· contents in the PC11 treatment group were 3.6% and 22.6% lower than those in the CK group, respectively. The enzyme activities of SOD, APX, GPX, and the content of glutathione in the PC11 treatment group were 14.9%, 60.9%, 26.6%, and 41.7% higher than those in the CK group, respectively. There was an increase in the disease resistance of mangoes. However, the treatment of mangoes with NMGL2 combined with chitosan was accelerated to accumulate the reactive oxygen species in mangoes, where the mango POD activity was reduced to slow down the accumulation of total phenols. On the 4th day, the H2O2 content in the NMGL2 treatment group was 1.12 times that of the CK group, whereas, the POD activity and total phenol content were 45.4% and 1.1% lower than those of the CK group, respectively, thus reducing the disease resistance of mangoes. In conclusion, the PC11 treatment combined with chitosan coating treatment maintained a higher level of ROS production and clearance in mangoes. Therefore, the mango disease resistance was enhanced to regulate the reactive oxygen/glutathione pathways, thus effectively inhibiting the occurrence of mango anthracnose disease. NMGL2 was accelerated to accumulate the reactive oxygen species in mangoes during storage. The activities of reactive oxygen metabolism-related enzymes and glutathione content were reduced to promote the occurrence of mango anthracnose. The fermentation broth of the strain was composed of both the cells and the metabolites of the cells. Therefore, the anti-disease effect in the PC11 processing group was attributed to the production of metabolites with certain bacteriostatic or fruit resistance-enhancing functions, the nutritional and space competition of the bacteria itself, as well as the hyper parasitism. The side effects of NMGL2 on mangoes resulted from the production of metabolites that damage mangoes or the pathogenic effect of the cells themselves on mangoes. Whether the bacterium PC11 or the metabolites produced by PC11 can greatly contribute to the disease resistance of mangoes. Both bacterium and its metabolites in the combination of PC11 with chitosan coating can be used to enhance the endogenous resistance in fruits. The composition and key inhibitory of metabolites from Lactobacillus plantarum PC11 also require further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coaxial astragaloside (AS)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber functional dressings (AS/PVP/PLA) were prepared by coaxial electrostatic spinning technique. The micro-morphology, wettability, water vapor transmission rate and other properties of nanofiber dressings were characterized. The antioxidant capacity, antibacterial effect, and pro-diabetic chronic wound healing effect of the nanofiber dressings were also investigated. Results showed that the coaxial AS/PVP/PLA nanofiber functional dressing had an obvious core-shell structure and a smooth fiber surface, with a fiber diameter of (480±240) nm, a contact angle of (88.73±1.07)°, a water vapor transmission rate of (1660.42±80.61) g/(m²·d), and a free radical scavenging rate of 47%. AS/PVP/PLA nanofiber functional dressing significantly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and had a certain pro-healing effect on diabetic chronic wounds. The nanofiber dressings had good morphology and met the requirements, and had the potential to be developed as dressings for diabetic chronic wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The traditional morphological classification combined with the DNA barcode method was used to classify the important natural enemies of the genus Anteris, to identify the resources of the genus (Anteris) in the wild fruit forests of the Xitianshan Mountains in the Ili River Valley of Xinjiang, and to amplify its molecular data in NCBI, so as to facilitate the rapid and accurate identification of subsequent studies, and to lay the foundation for the studies on the biology, molecular biology and ecology of the genus Anteris. [Method] Specimens of the family Scelionidae obtained by net sweeping and yellow disetrapping in the wild fruit forests of Xitianshan Mountain, Ili River Valley, Xinjiang, China, in 2021-2023 were collated, and morphological characteristics were observed under a digital stereomicroscope, and species of the genus Anteris were selected. On the basis of traditional morphometrics identification, the genomic DNA of the species was extracted by using a non-destructive extraction method, and the genes were amplified using universal primers. COI and 28S rDNA sequences were amplified with universal primers, which were used as DNA barcodes of the species, and compared with the COI sequences of other species in the family of Scelionidae on the NCBI website, to analyze the base composition and calculate the genetic distances; A phylogenetic tree based on the maximum likelihood method was constructed, and preliminary phylogenetic analyses were carried out. [Result] We found one new Chinesegenus Anteris, and two new Chinesespecies-Anteris simulans and Anteris szelényii, and provided morphological descriptions of the new genera and species, as well as morphological character pictures We obtained COI and 28S rDNA sequences of the two new species. It could be seen that the intraspecific genetic distances of A. simulans were in the range of 0.000 0.003, and the interspecific genetic distances between A. simulans and A. szelényii with A. bilineata were 0.095 and 0.019, respectively, which were both smaller than the maximum intraspecific genetic distances of A. simulans, which was more closely related to A. bilineata. [Conclusion] The newly discovered A. simulans and A. szelényi in the study further enrich the resource data of Seelionidae in China and the world, and are of great significance for the conservation and utilisation of the taxa of the family Scelionidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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