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列车运行控制系统车载安全计算机日志文件和地面设备维护工作人员撰写的交接班记录——质量分析工区工作记录单，包含大量反映车载设备运行状态的信息，是车载设备故障发现和诊断的重要依据。对这两类文本数据的利用目前还局限于工作人员人工记录、查询和解读，存在效率低、主观性强、易遗漏出错等问题。针对以上问题，以车载安全计算机日志文件和质量分析工区工作记录单为研究对象，设计信息抽取方法及故障发现自动化方案，以代替现有人工信息抽取和故障记录的工作方式。分析了车载安全计算机日志文件的数据特点，利用分词、智能信息抽取算法对非结构化的车载设备数据进行处理，并结合历史质量分析工区工作记录单数据进行故障匹配，从而构建故障分析字典，实现基于正则表达式算法的故障语句自动定位。设计实现了故障自动发现软件，验证了故障发现方案的可行性和软件的功能。

据统计，国网所辖特高压直流线路雷击故障概率较特高压交流线路高，有必要对国网特高压直流线路防雷运行现状进行分析。国网三大特高压直流线路（复奉线、锦苏线、宾金线，简称“三大直流”）的雷电参数及雷击重启情况表明宾金线的雷击重启率较高。在提出若干影响特高压直流线路雷击重启的因素基础上，分别研究了各因素对雷击重启的影响程度，并基于各因素间的相关性分析，分别得到了单因素和多重因素组合对雷击重启的影响程度。通过电气几何模型，分析杆塔耐雷性能，得出了宾金线雷击重启率高的原因为导线和横担间的空气间隙距离较短。对两个典型的雷击重启失败，进而造成单极闭锁的案例进行了分析，结果表明后续多重雷击以及正极性雷电的长连续电流是造成特高压直流线路重启失败的重要原因。最后对目前的防雷现状进行了总结，为特高压直流线路防雷治理工作提供了重要的理论依据。

模糊自然语言处理将模糊理论应用在自然语言处理（NLP）的任务中，随着大模型与人工智能的不断发展，有关文本数据的研究不断深化。铁路调度集中控制（CTC）系统作为大型复杂系统，各子系统、服务器软件间的接口数据均以日志文本格式存储与传输。由于其具有文本数量多、文本类型杂等特点，提出了一种模糊自然语言处理的方法，解决CTC系统接口数据的人工测试难题。模糊C均值（FCM）聚类算法将日志文本分为不同的标签类别，并将其作为NLP任务中命名实体识别的标签输入，在传统BiLSTM-CRF模型上引入BERT进行文本编码，更准确地理解文本之间的关系并提高文本识别的精确度。根据前序训练模型，研发了铁路CTC系统日志文本接口测试的智能验证工具，其可以改善目前CTC系统的人工测试现状，帮助测试人员进行接口测试验证，提升测试工作的智能化、自动化水平。

【目的】探讨不同剂量电离辐射后大鼠类成骨细胞生物学性状的改变。【方法】成骨细胞通过酶消化法从SD 大 鼠乳鼠颅骨中获取传代;将第2 代细胞分别进行0、1、4 、6 、9 Gy 的γ线辐射, 检测成骨细胞的增殖、碱性磷酸酶活性和骨钙素 分泌量。【结果】细胞增殖、功能和分化受γ线电离辐射抑制的程度不同, 1 Gy 时增殖即受到抑制, 骨钙素分泌量在4 Gy 时才 受到显著地抑制, 而碱性磷酸酶活性值甚至在6 Gy 下抑制作用才有意义。【结论】电离辐射后, 成骨细胞的增殖、功能和分化

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Aerated subsurface drip irrigation (ASDI) can improve soil aeration, crop yield, water, and fertilizer use efficiency. In this study, a micronano-bubble generator was designed to stabilize the gas in water, according to the cyclonic shear fragmentation. A gas-liquid mixing flow was also introduced from the inlet runner tangent to the inner cavity. The ellipsoidal inner cavity was used to force the liquid into the cyclone and then spiral outward at the two ends of the spouting holes. As such, a shear effect was formed to crush the bubbles. A 4-factor and 3-level orthogonal test L9 (34) was designed to explore the effects of structural parameters on the generated bubbles and the performance of dissolved oxygen. The following specifications were: the major axis (40, 60, and 80 mm), the minor axis (30, 45, and 60 mm), the inlet diameters (8, 12, and 16 mm), and the spray holes diameter (2, 3, and 4 mm). High-speed photography, image processing, and nano-particle size analysis techniques were used to extract the features, such as the number, particle size, and uniformity of micro-nano-bubbles, in order to monitor the dissolved oxygen in water over time. The results show that the distribution of particle size was basically unchanged in the large bubbles from 60 to 250 μm with the operation of the device, while the average size of the small bubbles from 10 to 60 μm increased by 20% within 2 min of operation. Specifically, the large bubbles above 100 μm were basically dissipated, after the device was stopped for 1 min. Then the count of small bubbles below 60 μm in the water was reduced by about 70% after 3 min of stopping operation. The micro-nano-bubbles with diameters of less than 30 μm were finally suspended in the water. In addition, the performance of the device showed that the bubble generation during the operation depended the most significantly on the spray hole diameter and minor axis. The major axis shared the greatest effect on the average particle size and the uniformity of large bubbles above 60 μm in the water after operation, as well as on the number of small bubbles. The inlet diameter still reached a significant level, although there was the least effect on the number of microbubbles both during and after the operation. In addition, the nanoscale and microscale bubble generation behaved in the same way. Dissolved oxygen tests showed that the oxygen content in the water was divided into three stages: the oxygen enhancement during operation, the attenuation, and stabilization of dissolved oxygen. The inlet diameter dominated the increase and decay of dissolved oxygen. While the stabilized dissolved oxygen depended only significantly on the minor and major axes. The dissolved oxygen of the device was positively correlated with the bubble generation. The more the number of bubbles generated, the smaller and more uniform particle sizes were, and the better the performance of dissolved oxygen was. The dissolved oxygen was varied in water in the different stages, where the bubble indicators were generally consistent with the structural dimensions. Taking the high number of bubbles, small particle size, uniformity, and high dissolved oxygen as the objectives, the optimal combination of parameters was achieved in the 80 mm major axis, 45 mm minor axis, 12 mm inlet diameter, and 3 mm spray hole diameter. The finding can provide the equipment support to promote the application of ASDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Cerium (Ce) is the most abundant element among lanthanides, which is mostly in the form of ceria. The reversible transformation between Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions contributes to the high redox activity of cerium. Because of its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, osteogenic, angiogenic and anti-tumor properties, cerium has been widely used in stomatology. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, osteogenic, angiogenic and anti-tumor mechanism of cerium, and to review the research status and application prospects of cerium and cerium-based materials in the modification of oral materials and the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases in recent years. METHODS: The articles published from database inception to 2023 were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI and WanFang databases with the search terms “cerium, ceria, prosthodontics, prosthesis, restorative dentistry, denture, dental implant, caries, endodontics, pulpitis, periodontitis, periodontal diseases, oral cancer” in English and “cerium, ceria, prosthodontics, implant, dental caries, dental pulp, periodontitis, periodontal disease, oral cancer” in Chinese. By analyzing and reading literature for screening, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 73 articles were finally included in this review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Cerium exerts an antibacterial effect through direct contact with bacteria, oxidative stress and destroying bacterial biofilm, and exerts an anti-inflammatory function based on mimetic enzyme activity. The osteogenic and angiogenic activities of cerium involve a series of signaling pathways including ERK and Wnt signaling pathways. (2) Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, osteogenic, and angiogenic activities allow cerium significant potential in the treatment of oral infectious diseases and regeneration of oral soft and hard tissues. However, there is still a certain gap in the application of cerium’s anti-tumor properties in the oral field. (3) Due to excellent mechanical properties and a low light-transmitting property, ceria-stabilized zirconia as a dental ceramic material can be used for core ceramics, the frameworks of dental prostheses and dental implants. (4) Benefited from its biological properties, cerium-based materials have the ability to promote osseointegration and soft tissue integration, inhibit demineralization and cariogenic bacteria, facilitate regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex, lessen inflammatory response and enhance periodontal tissue regeneration. There are wide applications of cerium in surface modifications of implants and treatments of caries, pulpitis, periodontitis and oral cancers. (5) Cerium shows certain toxicity under conditions of high concentration and long-term administration. To further expand clinical applications of cerium in dentistry, biosafety and optimization of cerium-based materials need to be further explored in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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At present, many research teams have conducted in-depth research on minority language machine translation for South and Southeast Asia. However, as the official language of Pakistan, Urdu has limited data resources and a significant gap from Chinese, resulting in a lack of targeted research on Chinese-Urdu machine translation methods. To address this issue, this paper proposes a Chinese-Urdu neural machine translation model based on Transformer and incorporating Urdu part-of-speech sequence prediction. Firstly, Transformer is used to predict the part-of-speech sequence of the target language Urdu. Then, the translation model's prediction results are combined with the part-of-speech sequence prediction model's results to jointly predict the final translation, thereby integrating language knowledge into the translation model. Experimental results on a small-scale Chinese-Urdu dataset show that the proposed method has a BLEU score of 0.13 higher than the baseline model on the dataset, achieving significant improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Steel fiber reinforced concrete with merits of reducing concrete cracking and improving structural toughness etc., has gradually been applied in tunnel lining support. However, the structural performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete greatly depends on the distribution of steel fibers in the concrete matrix significantly affected by the production process. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct research on the relationship between the steel fiber distribution and the production process. Starting from the actual project, six kinds of steel fiber reinforced concrete preparation technology were selected, and 18 beam specimens were poured to carry out the flexural performance test of steel fiber reinforced concrete. The test results show that the end hook steel fiber reinforced concrete prepared by MT1 has good performance in terms of damage location, steel fiber distribution, exposed angle, exposed length and bending strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]