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文章首先介绍了掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）的结构和工作原理,然后运用能级理论和激光原理,深入全面地分析了影响EDFA增益和噪声的主要因素,得出了EDFA增益和噪声与泵浦功率、泵浦方式、输入信号光功率和掺铒光纤长度等关系的一些重要结论,并且通过实验进一步验证了这些结论;提出了提高EDFA增益,减小噪声系数的方法;最后根据文中得出的结论,设计了一种高增益低噪声的C波段EDFA光路,该光路已经应用于工程实践中。

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Plastics / Zhongguo Suliao is the property of Journal Office of CHINA PLASTICS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hydrobiology / Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Hydrobiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Recognizing the phase transition of matter is an important problem in physics research. Convolutional neural network algorithm of confusion label scheme is used to identify quantum phase transition point of two- component Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in this paper. By calculating the output accuracy of neural net- work, the W-shape performance curve is obtained. The maximum value in the middle of W-shape performance curve corresponds to the critical point of quantum phase transition. The research results show that the critical point obtained by deep learning is consistent with the analytic calculation results. The deep learning method of confusion label scheme can be applied to the phase transition system of existing two phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industrial Water Treatment is the property of CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research & Design Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Neurosurgery / Linchuang Shenjingwaike Zazhi is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Clinical Neurosurgery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

以新医科建设为切入点,以医学检验技术专业一流学科建设为研究目标,从创新人才培养理 念、创新人才培养模式、开辟实践教学新路径3个方面,采用系统分析方法分析医学检验技术专业学科建设的 现状及存在的问题,探索新医科背景下医学检验技术专业一流学科建设的内涵,为医学检验技术专业一流学科 建设提供策略依据。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of nivolumab （PD-1 inhibitor） in combination with lenvatinib and FOLFOX regimen ［5-fluorouracil （5-FU）, oxaliplatin （L-OHP）, and calcium folinate （LV）］ in the treatment of intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） via hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy （HAIC）. Methods A total of 160 patients with intermediate and advanced HCC admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University from January 2021 to January 2023 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 80 patients in each group, using a random number table. The control group received once-daily oral lenvatinib and intravenous carrizumab infusions for 12 weeks as part of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） therapy. The observation group was administered with FOLFOX regimen via HAIC chemotherapy, plus intravenous infusion of carrizumab for 12 weeks and once-daily oral lenvatinib. All the patients were followed up regularly. The clinical efficacy was evaluated using the mRECIST criteria. The objective response rate （ORR）, disease control rate （DCR）, overall survival （OS）, progression-free survival （PFS）, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the objective response rate and incidence of adverse reactions between the groups. The disease control rate, overall survival, and progression-free survival in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. Conclusions The FOLFOX-HAIC regimen in combination with nivolumab and lenvatinib is safe and effective for the treatment of intermediate and advanced HCC, without adverse reactions. It can prolong the overall survival and progression-free survival, and improve the patient′s quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的 探索艾司氯胺酮单药或联合小剂量舒芬太尼用于儿童烧伤瘢痕微等离子射频术 (MPR) 麻醉的有 效剂量及效果。方法　选取行烧伤瘢痕MPR 的 1~6 岁患儿 56 例, 随机将患儿分为艾司氯胺酮单药组 (E组) 29 例和 艾司氯胺酮联合小剂量舒芬太尼组 (SE组) 27 例。采用序贯法设计艾司氯胺酮剂量, 所有患儿靶控输注 (TCI) 丙泊 酚中/长链脂肪乳待脑电双频指数 (BIS) 值为 40~60, E组静注预设剂量艾司氯胺酮, SE 组先静注舒芬太尼 (0. 1 µg/ kg) 再静注预设剂量艾司氯胺酮。记录艾司氯胺酮的半数有效剂量 (ED50) 及 95% 药物有效剂量 (ED95) ; 患儿 BIS 值 降至 40~60 (T0 ) 、艾司氯胺酮静注 3 min (T1 ) 、手术开始 (T2 ) 、手术结束 (T3 ) 、苏醒即刻 (T4 ) 的生命体征; 比较两组苏醒 时间和术后不良反应情况; 调查患儿家属及术者的满意度。结果 E 组满足手术所需的艾司氯胺酮 ED50 和 ED95 分 别为 0.74、0.92 mg/kg, SE 组分别为 0.58、0.71 mg/kg, 比较差异有统计学意义 (P均<0. 05)。SE 组 T2 时刻心率, T1、 T2、T3、T4 时刻血压, 苏醒时间和不良反应发生率均小于 E 组 (P均<0. 05) 。SE 组手术医师及患儿家属满意度评分均 高于 E 组 (P均<0. 05) 。结论 艾司氯胺酮联合小剂量舒芬太尼用于儿童烧伤瘢痕 MPR 所需艾司氯胺酮的 ED50 及 ED95 分别为 0. 58、0. 71 mg/kg; 术中血流动力学稳定, 患儿苏醒质量高, 术后不良烧伤瘢痕反应少, 手术医师和患儿 家属满意度高。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (Natural Science Edition) / Nanjing Xinxi Gongcheng Daxue Xuebao (ziran kexue ban) is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The root system is an important organ for tobacco plants to absorb water and nutrients. The growth, development and vitality of the root system directly affect the growth and development and nutritional status in the aboveground parts and leaf quality of tobacco plants. This paper summarized the latest progress of tobacco root research from four aspects: root composition, physiological function, factors affecting root growth and development and measures promoting root growth. We also put forward prospects for future research, aiming to provide reference for flue-cured tobacco root research and high-quality tobacco leaf production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Synthetic Crystals is the property of Journal of Synthetic Crystals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to effectively evaluate urban stormwater management effect, the paper took Xiaozhai region in Xi’an City as an example, built a green-gray-blue stormwater system comprehensive simulation model that coupled pipe network model and flood routing model and analyzed the present situation of urban stormwater management from the aspects of runoff control, pipe network drainage and urban waterlogging prevention. The result shows that the total annual runoff control rate of Xiaozhai sponge city reconstruction area can basically meet the requirements. The length of the pipe network with drainage capacity of frequency once in 2-years and once in 3-years are 145.02 km and 181.91 km respectively. Under the conditions of rainstorm with a return period of 20-50 years, there is no obvious ponding in the reconstruction area of sponge city, and the depth of accumulated water greater than 15 cm is mainly distributed on the left bank of the Dahuan River, the middle section of South Third Ring Road and Yanzhan Road. The model can intuitively show the distribution of rainstorm waterlogging and water flowing in the pipe network, which scientifically evaluates the effect of urban drainage, waterlogging removal and ecological sponge city construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics / Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The present study aims to the aesthetic requirements and the preferred style of college students in terms of the details of women′s suit style. Through the method of literature research, the design elements of women′s suit were separated, and the style details of women′s suit were investigated in the form of questionnaire. WEKA software was used to mine the results of consumers′ perceptual intention selection, and five representative women′s suits were obtained. Two subjective scales were used to obtain the overall sensory evaluation of the five clothes, and the correlation of the scale results was analyzed. The results showed that the subjects′ overall evaluation of the five clothes was positive, and there was a correlation between the popularity of women′s suits and seven groups of adjectives. It is concluded that when designing women′s suits for college students, designers should take into account the latest fashions, casualness and uniquneness, and reduce the maturity, complexity and roughness of the suit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Hydrobiology / Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Hydrobiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)