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Objective：To investigate the effect of age on the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: The clinical data of 4 512 infertile women who received IVF-ET in our Reproductive Medicine Center from January 2013 to July 2017 was analyzed retrospectively. All subjects were divided into six groups: younger than 35 years (3 619 cases, 11 patients were lost in follow-up), aged 35-37 years (479 cases), aged 38-40 years (262 cases), aged 41-42 years (90 cases), aged 43-44 years (39 cases), and older than 44 years (23 cases). The clinical pregnancy rate, first -trimester abortion rate, late abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate and live birth rate were compared among six groups. Results: There were decreases with age in the clinical pregnancy rate (P＜0.000 1), while the clinical pregnancy rate was best in the group of ＜35 years (54.42%). Meanwhile，the early abortion rate was increased significantly with age, especially in the women over 35 years (P＜0.01), and almost reached to 40% in the women more than 40 years. The live birth rate was decreased with age (P＜0.000 1), and this rate was 0 in those women aged more than 44 years. Conclusions: Age is a key factor related to the clinical outcomes of IVF-ET. The early intervention treatment should be advocated in those infertile women aged over 38 years because of the poor clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the influence of perinatal exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) at a low dose on the spermatogenesis of male offspring rats. Methods: Pregnant rats were injected subcutaneously with BPA 2 μg/(kg·d) from gestation day 10 through lactation day 7, and the same volume of olive oil was used as the blank control. Their male offspring were served as the BPA group and the control group. Histological structure of the testis and the related regulation genes such as cyclin A1、cyclin B、c-jun and c-fos, as well as the FSH and LH, were tested, and the expressions POA-GnRH or ARC-kiss1 mRNAs were also examined in their male offspring during the postnatal day 18, 21, 24. Results: In comparison with the control group, the seminiferous tubular diameter, the number of round spermatids and the ratio of seminiferous tubule with round spermatids were significantly increased in PND24 BPA rats (P＜0.05). The expression levels of cyclin A1, c-jun and c-fos mRNAs in the testes were significantly elevated in PND21 BPA rats (P＜0.01). Similarly, the levels of plasma FSH and LH were increased in the PND21/24 BPA rats compared with the control rats (P＜0.05). But the levels of plasma T and E2 were no significant in the PND18/21/24 BPA rats and the control rats (P＞0.05). In comparison with control group, the expression levels of POA-GnRH mRNA and ARC-kiss1 mRNA were significantly increased in PND21 BPA rats (GnRH: P＜0.05; kiss1: P＜0.01). Conclusions: In addition to the direct effect of BPA on the testes of male offspring, the perinatal exposure to a low dose of BPA promotes spermatogenesis via advancing the pubertal activation of ARC -kisspeptin, and via further enhancing the expressions of meiotic regulation genes in the testes of male offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]