Search

In order to solve the problems of pipeline blockage and poor pulp environment caused adding a large amount of lime in the process of copper sulfide flotation separation, a new pyrite inhibitor BY was developed and applied to the flotation test of a copper sulfide ore in Myanmar The ore contains 1. 4% copper and 8. 95 % sulfur, the main copper mineral is chalcopyrite, and the sulfur minerals are mainly pyrite and pyrrhotite. A copper concentrate with Cu grade of 25. 13% and recovery of 93. 47%grade of 33. 97% and recovery of 19. 93% were obtained by a flotation process of one roughing, two cleanings and one scavenging with the inhibitor BY» Compared with lime, the copper grade and recovery in the concentrate are increased by 0. 99 and 0. 16 percentage points respectively, and the sulfur grade and recovery are reduced by 1. 01 and 2. 14 percentage points respectively. The pulp pH value of the roughing flotation in locked cycle test can be reduced from 12 to 9. 7, realizing a efficient separation of copper and sulfur in low alkali environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to analyze the influence of labyrinth seal parameters on the leakage of a wind power gearbox, the leakage behavior of labyrinth seal was studied by numerical simulation and proxy model. Firstly, the three-dimensional flow field model of labyrinth seal was constructed according to the three-dimensional solid model of wind turbine gearbox. Then, based on FLUENT software, the changes of labyrinth seal leakage with inlet and outlet pressure ratio, dynamic viscosity of lubricating fluid, speed of high-speed shaft and low-speed shaft and seal tooth clearance of labyrinth seal were studied by single variable method. Finally, a radial basis neural network (RBF) proxy model was constructed. On the basis of this proxy model, three structural parameters, seal gap, seal cavity height and seal cavity width, were selected as design variables among the factors affecting the labyrinth sealing performance, and the minimum leakage and maximum exit velocity of the labyrinth seal were taken as optimization objectives. Non-inferior hierarchical genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ) was used to obtain the optimal solution. The results show that the leakage of labyrinth seal is little affected by the speed of two rotating shafts. The leakage is proportional to the ratio of inlet and outlet pressure and seal clearance, and inversely proportional to the dynamic viscosity of lubricating oil. When the parameters corresponding to the optimal solution are obtained, the leakage is reduced by 47% and the maximum exit velocity is reduced by 36%. The numerical simulation element results are consistent with the optimization theoretical calculation results. The results provide a theoretical basis for studying the influence characteristics of labyrinth seal leakage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to make a new breakthrough in the exploration of crystalline graphite deposits in northern Jiangsu, it is of great significance to study the metallogenic law and prospecting model of typical graphite deposits in the Sulu orogenic belt ( Jiangsu section). By summarizing the geological and geophysical characteristics of Shuanghu graphite deposit, combined with the study of its metallogenic model and key prospecting elements, the prospecting prediction model was summarized. The research shows that the Shuanghu graphite ore body occurs in a set of marble granulite quartzite of the amphibolite marble formation of the East China Sea complex in a layered and lenticular shape. The ore bearing lithology is graphite quartzite and graphite containing marble, which is formed by multistage regional metamorphism. Shuanghu graphite mine is a regional sedimentary metamorphic crystalline graphite mine. The occurrence, scale and shape of ore (chemical) body are controlled by marble, which is not only the ore bearing parent rock, but also the ore bearing surrounding rock. The graphite mineralized body is basically consistent with the anomaly of low resistance and high polarization. On this basis, a geological geophysical prospecting prediction model is established. It can be seen that IP measurement near the ore bearing strata is a method to quickly determine the prospecting prospect [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reservoir impoundment has changed the temporal and spatial distribution of water temperature and caused ecological problems, such as ecosystem disorder and low- temperature underwater discharge in reservoir areas. This resulted in adverse effects on the growth and reproduction of indigenous fish. The 3-D water temperature model was established using the Delft3D model. The dynamic change process of water temperature in the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical dimensions of the Nuozhadu Reservoir under typical meteorological and hydrological conditions was simulated. Considering this context, and combined with the ecological water temperature demand of downstream fish, a layered water intake scheme of stacked beam doors with ecological water temperature as the goal was formulated. The most suitable location and time for releasing indigenous fish ( Tor sinensis) in Nuozhadu Reservoir were determined by combining the requirements of the species involving breeding and release. It was shown in the results that there are differences in the layered water intake scheme of stop logs in different years and the suitable location and time for proliferation and release. The universal layered water intake rules for stop logs were formulated based on the water temperature demand in typical years and the engineering conditions of stop logs. The most suitable location for placing Chinese snakehead fry was the Xiaoheijiang tributary, preferably from August to September. A scientific basis for developing a reservoir ecological dispatching strategy to alleviate the water temperature imbalance may be provided by the results of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂 (GLP-1RA) 是一种新型的降糖药物, 用于2型糖尿病的治疗. 近年研究表 明, GLP-1RA还具有降糖之外的治疗作用. GLP-1RA的减肥效果明确, 可通过多途径治疗多囊卵巢综合征和骨质 疏松症. GLP‐1RA在心血管系统疾病和非酒精性脂肪肝病的治疗中也有一定应用前景. 探讨GLP-1RA的治疗作 用机制, 可为拓宽GLP-1RA的临床应用范围提供新的依据. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the period of the Imjin War, the Ming Dynasty decided to help the Chosen by dispatching troops, supplying the provisions and funds in order to resist Japan. Therefore, the authorities of Shandong, Liaodong and Tianjin in the Ming Dynasty not only undertook the important task of raising and transferring the provisions and funds, but also suffered from increased army supply burden with the increase of garrisons. Some officials of the Ming Dynasty continued to suggest that they practice the garrison reclamation system. It was implemented for the military provisions and funds during crisis, proposed and presided over by some Ming officials and mainly carried out by the army. Although it lasted for a short time, it was worth researching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D打印技术，又称快速原型技术、快速成型技术、增材制造技术，是基于增材制造概念的一项不断发展的 技术。3D打印技术在结构性心脏病的临床应用中发挥出其独特优势。3D打印技术不仅可以帮助医生精确选择经 导管主动脉瓣置换术中使用的瓣膜大小和尺寸，而且可以预防瓣周漏、阻塞冠状动脉等并发症的发生。在特殊类型 房间隔缺损、法洛四联症、左心室流出道梗阻等复杂性先天性心脏病的治疗中，3D打印模型可以使术者在术前充分 了解解剖结构，在模型上模拟手术，解决了一些医学难题的同时提高疾病治愈率，缩短了手术时间，减轻了患者 痛苦。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multi-residue analysis method was established for simultaneous determination of 126 pesticides in soybean oil using SPE-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS). The samples were degreased by n-hexane saturated with acetonitrile and extracted by n-hexane saturated acetonitrile under mechanical shaking. Then the extracts were centrifuged at -5 ℃ and 20 000 r/min for 5 min, and cleaned-up with Captiva EMR-Lipid solid phase extraction column. After being re-dissolved with ethyl acetate, the samples were detected using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) on GCMS/MS system and quantified with external standard method using matrix matched calibration curves. The results showed that: in the range of 0.003-0.2 mg/L, good linear relationship were obtained between the concentrations of 126 pesticides and their corresponding peak areas, and the R² was greater than 0.995. The recoveries of 126 pesticides ranged from 60% to 119% at the spiked levels of 0.005, 0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg. The RSDs were lower than 20% for 122 pesticides, and were lower than 25% for the other four pesticides. The method can effectively remove glycerolipid and some lipophilic interference from the soybean oil. The sensitivity, accuracy and precision of the method meet the requirements of pesticide residue detection. It provides an efficient and reliable analytical method for monitoring the level of pesticide residues in soybean oil and effectively preventing the health risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the effect of sorafenib on HeLa cell proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis and autophagy and its impact on drug resistance. Methods The drug-resistant cell strains were constructed through intermittent induction method, with concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 μmol/L. HeLa cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of sorafenib with each concentration for 1 week. The drug-resistant cell strains with stable passages were collected. MTT assay was used to detect the effect of sorafenib on cell proliferation. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. The change in the expression of drug-resistant and apoptotic genes in the parents and drug-resistant cell strains under different drug concentrations was examined by semi-quantitative PCR. The changes of apoptotic related marker proteins LC3-Ⅰ and LC3-Ⅱ were detected by Westernblot. Results Stable drug-resistant strains were successfully obtained; Drug-treated cells were more blocked in the G1 phase. In drug-resistant cells, the expression of apoptosis suppressor gene Bcl-2 was significantly decreased and the apoptotic gene Bax as well as the drug-resistant genes were all significantly increased(P＜0.05). The LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio of drug-resistant cells was significantly higher than that of parent cells(P＜0.05). Conclusions Sorafenib may block the cell cycle, suppress malignant cell proliferation and promote autophage. On one hand, autophagy participates in the development of cell drug resistance and promotes cell survival. On the other hand, drug-induced autophagy may activate some of apoptotic signaling pathway in drug-resistant cells and promote the reversal of cell drug resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymer stabilized liquid crystals (PSLCs) can help stabilize a variety of microscopic liquid crystalline structures. Generally formed by polymerization in the liquid crystals (LCs), the polymer network can replicate the liquid crystalline order of the LCs. A rich selection of reactive monomers, of isotropic or anisotropic molecular shape, can be utilized for fabricating PSLCs. The presence of polymer networks can stabilize the disclination defects, broaden the temperature range of the LC phase, and improve the electro-optic properties of the devices. PSLCs present excellent performances in the applications such as display, sensing, temperature control, light modulator and smart windows. As a category of smart materials, PSLCs have demonstrated great potential for future smart life, therefore has attracted lots of attention in related research fields. This review introduces the PSLCs materials with different phases, including nematic, cholesteric, ferroelectric, blue phase, and other LC phases. The characteristics and optical performances of PSLCs are described in detail, with the function of polymer networks in different PSLCs specially emphasized and explained. The research progress of in the field is reviewed, and the opportunities and challenges faced by PSLCs materials are pointed out, aiming to promote the development and utilization of polymeric functional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with the single language short-text sentiment classification, the code-switching short-text sentiment classification has more challenges to face up with because the word that expresses emotion is not unique and the sentence has complex grammatical structure, using traditional word embedding alone cannot make the classifier learn enough useful features, resulting in poor classification. This paper proposed a dual-channel deep learning model which integrated char and word features. Firstly, in order to solve the problem of imbalanced data set, it proposed a data undersampling algorithm based on Bert semantic similarity. Secondly, it constructed dual-channel deep learning network, the original data embedded in chars and words were sent to two different module composed of CNN and LSTM with attention mechanism through two channels for extracting multi-level features, and finally features from the two channels were fused for classification. The experimental results show that the overall performance of the proposed model is further improved than the current representative deep learning models on the code-switching five-category dataset published in NLPCC2018&task 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the problem of remaining useful lifetime (RUL) prediction of aero-engine, the present methods have not comprehensively considered the hidden degradation modeling and drift/diffusion coefficient synchronous updating. An online RUL prediction for aero-engine based on the condition monitoring (CM) data is presented in this paper. Firstly, the proportional degradation model of aero-engine is established based on the nonlinear Wiener process. Secondly, based on the historical condition monitoring data of similar engines, the degradation model parameters are estimated offline by using the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method. And then, based on the real-time condition monitoring data of the target engine, the drift/ diffusion coefficient are synchronously update by using the Bayesian principle. Finally, the RUL probability density function of aero-engine is derived. The example analysis shows that the proposed method has higher prediction accuracy and precision than the traditional one, and has potential engineering application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the characteristics of soil quality restoration after strip clear cutting, taking the Phyllostachys edulis forest in Jian’ou City, Fujian Province as the research object, two clear cutting strips with widths of 5 m (C1) and 7 m (C2), and a control (CK) with no cutting were set. This was done to study the changes in the soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity during periods Ⅰ (October-2018) and Ⅱ (June-2019) after strip cutting. The results showed that: the normal P. edulis forest had a significantly higher soil mass water content, maximum water-holding capacity, and capillary water-holding capacity compared to P. edulis forest during periods Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Additionally, the soil bulk densities of C1 and C2 were smaller than that of CK, but theperformance was reversed during period Ⅱ. The content of soil hydrolyzed nitrogen (DON) was in the order of C2 > C1 > CK during period Ⅰ, while the average values of different soil layers were in the order of CK > C2 > C1 during periods Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The content of soil available phosphorus (AP) showed an order of C1 > C2 > CK during periods Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The content of soil available potassium (AK) and electrical conductivity (EC) in the soil showed an order of C2 > C1 > CK during periods Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Compared with period Ⅰ, the soil invertase (S-SC) and soil acid phosphatase (S-ACP) activities increased, while the urease (S-UE) activity decreased during period Ⅱ. Strip clear cutting can significantly increase the activities of AP, AK, EC, pH, and S-UE. Meanwhile, 7 m strip cutting is more effective than 5 m harvesting concerning the soil physical and chemical properties. Therefore, strip clear cutting can improve soil quality and the restoration of P. edulis forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｐｕｒｐｏｓｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｉｓ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ｉｓ ｔｏ ｓｃｒｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｏｐｔｉｍａｌ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｏｆ ｐｙｒｏｓｕｌａｍ, ｐｉｎｏｘａｄｅｎ, ｉｓｏｐｒｏ- ｔｕｒｏｎ ａｎｄ ｖｅｒｉｆｙ ｉｔｓ ｆｉｅｌｄ ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ ａｇａｉｎｓｔ ａｎｎｕａｌ ｗｅｅｄｓ ｉｎ ｗｈｅａｔ ｆｉｅｌｄｓ, ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ ａｓ ｉｔｓ ｓａｆｅｔｙ ｔｏ ｗｈｅａｔ. [Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｓｙｎｅｒｇｉｓｍ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｗａｓ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅｄ ｂｙ Ｃｏｌｂｙ’ｓ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｏｐｔｉｍａｌ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｈｅｒｂｉｃｉｄｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｗａｓ ｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄ. Ｔｈｅ ｈｅｒｂｉｃｉｄａｌ ｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍ ｔｏ ｗｅｅｄｓ ａｎｄ ｓａｆｅｔｙ ｔｏ ｗｈｅａｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｉｓ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ ｉｎ ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ ｂｙ ｗｈｏｌｅ ｐｌａｎｔ ｂｉｏａｓｓａｙ. Ａｌｓｏ, ａ ｆｉｅｌｄ ｔｒｉａｌ ｗａｓ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｔｏ ｃｏｎｆｉｒｍ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｉｎｇ ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ ｏｎ ａｎｎｕａｌ ｗｅｅｄｓ ａｎｄ ｓａｆｅｔｙ ｔｏ ｗｈｅａｔ. [Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ] Ｔｈｅ ｏｐｔｉｍａｌ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅｓｅ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｈｅｒｂｉｃｉｄｅｓ ｗａｓ １∶５∶１００[ｍ(ｐｙｒｏｘｓｕｌａｍ) ∶ｍ(ｐｉｎｏｘａｄｅｎ) ∶ｍ(ｉｓｏｐｒｏｔｕｒｏｎ)]. Ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｄｏｓｅ ｏｆ ４００ ｇ􀅰ｈｍ－２, ｔｈｉｓ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｓｔｒｏｎｇｌｙ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔ ｔｈｅ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｏｆ Ａｌｏｐｅｃｕｒｕｓ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ, Ｂｅｃｋｍａｎｎｉａ ｓｙｚｉｇａｃｈｎｅ, Ｓｔｅｌｌａｒｉａ ｍｅｄｉａ, Ｖｉｃｉａ ｇｉｇａｎｔｅａ ａｎｄ Ｇａｌｉｕｍ ａｐａｒｉｎｅ, ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｉｏｎ ｏｎ ｆｒｅｓｈ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ｏｆ １００.００％, ９９.７４％, １００.００％, ９０.５７％ ａｎｄ ９５.４９％, ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ. Ａｌｓｏ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｗａｓ ｓａｆｅ ｔｏ ｗｈｅａｔ ｗｉｔｈ Ｚ ｖａｌｕｅ ｏｆ ６.４３. Ｂｙ ｆｉｅｌｄ ｔｒｉａｌ, ｉｔ ｗａｓ ｆｏｕｎｄ ｔｈａｔ ａｔ ４０ ｄａｙｓ ａｆｔｅｒ ｓｐｒａｙｉｎｇ, ｕｎｄｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｄｏｓｅ ｏｆ ６００ ｇ􀅰ｈｍ－２, ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｉｎｇ ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ａｇａｉｎｓｔ ｔｈｅ ａｎｎｕａｌ ｗｅｅｄｓ ｉｎ ｗｈｅａｔ ｆｉｅｌｄｓ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ９０％, ａｎｄ ｃａｕｓｅｄ ｎｏ ｖｉｓｉｂｌｅ ｄａｍａｇｅ ｔｏ ｗｈｅａｔ. [Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｏｆ ｐｙｒｏｘｓｕｌａｍ, ｐｉｎｏｘａｄｅｎ, ｉｓｏｐｒｏｔｕｒｏｎ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｏｐｔｉｍａｌ ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｔｈｅ ａｎｎｕａｌ ｗｅｅｄｓ ｉｎ ｗｈｅａｔ ｆｉｅｌｄｓ ａｎｄ ｂｅ ｓａｆｅ ｔｏ ｗｈｅａｔ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, more research had been done on the indoor model test of the influence of soft soil circular tunnel construction on adjacent structures. However, the indoor model test for the deformation of adjacent underground pipelines caused by the excavation of quasi-rectangular-irregular section tunnel was still rare to study. Based on the quasi-rectangular-shaped section tunnel excavation convergence displacement mode，a model test system for the deformation of adjacent underground pipelines induced by quasi-rectangular tunnel excavation was established，including quasi-rec- tangular tunnel excavation simulation device，pipeline simulation device，pipeline displacement measurement system， and model test data collection system，etc. The excavation process of quasi-rectangular tunnel was simulated by four liquid bags drainage，and the settlement deformation of adjacent underground pipelines，the internal force of pipeline section, and the surface contact force of excavation-like tunnel excavation and the earth pressure of pipeline surface were recorded in real time. Tunnel excavation induced settlement deformation of adjacent underground pipelines and internal force distribution and development of pipeline sections. It was found that the settlement value of pipelines increased slowly with the drainage of tunnel sacs, and the soil pressure on the surface of tunnels and pipelines increased slowly and then stabilized. In addition, a variety of working condition model tests were carried out for different pipeline depths and pipeline outer diameters. The results showed that under the same working conditions of pipeline outer diameter, as the pipeline depth increased, the distance between the tunnel and the pipeline became smaller，as the settlement deformation of the pipeline increased，the internal force of the pipeline increased. Under the same working conditions of the buried depth of the pipeline，as the outer diameter of the pipeline increased，the settlement deformation of the pipeline decreased, and the internal force of the pipeline increased. At the same time，the numerical model of the corresponding working conditions was established and compared with the model test results，and good consistency was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

肾脏纤维化是慢性肾脏病的病理基础,多种因素可加剧其进展为终末期肾衰竭。TGF-β超家族成员中的TGF-β1在所有类型肾脏细胞中广泛表达,且是发挥抗纤维化作用的主要因子。Smads蛋白是Mad蛋白和秀丽隐杆线虫小蛋白的组合,根据其在TGF-β1/Smads信号通路中的功能不同,分为受体调节型Smads（Smad1、2、3、5、8）、共同通路型Smad（Smad4）以及抑制性Smads（Smad6、7）,其可作为一种细胞内信使,将细胞外信号转导至细胞核,进而激活下游基因转录。TGF-β是通过激活细胞膜上具有丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶活性的跨膜受体激活Smads蛋白发挥信号传导作用。TGF-β1/Smads信号通路在肾脏纤维化发生、发展过程中发挥至关重要作用。巨噬细胞、同源结构域相互作用蛋白激酶2及肾素-血管紧张素系统均通过激活TGF-β信号通路的上游因子参与肾脏纤维化的发生、发展;通过激活下游因子Smad3以刺激单核细胞向成纤维细胞的转变,进而促进肾脏纤维化。Smads蛋白中的Smad3、Smad4升高会导致肾脏纤维化,Smad2可通过竞争性抑制Smad3磷酸化、核转位、转录活性及其与靶基因的结合而起到抑制Smad3介导纤维化的作用,Smad7在肾脏纤维化中发挥负性调节作用。miRNAs中的miRNA146A、miRNA let-7、miRNA 324-3p在抗肾脏纤维化中起关键作用; miRNA 21、miRNA 433、miRNA 132、miRNA 212、miRNA 324-3p、miRNA 382发挥促肾脏纤维化作用。多种lncRNAs会破坏组织稳态,并在肾脏纤维化病理生理过程中发挥重要作用。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seasonal freezing-thawing phenomenon occurs mainly in mid-latitudinal region, which is generally characterized by freezing in winter and melting in summer. The middle reaches of the Yellow River are in the middle latitudes, and their climatic conditions meet the requirements of freeze-thaw erosion. The soil erosion during thawing period is a special form of erosion in winter and spring, which is often caused by the combination of water erosion, gravity erosion and freeze-thaw erosion. During the soil thaw period, due to the poor thawing of slope soil and poor permeability, severe soil and water loss occurred under very small rainfall intensity. Domestic studies on soil erosion in thawing seasons are mainly concentrated in the northeastern region. However, there are few studies on the Loess Plateau region in the northwest, and few experiments have been conducted to quantitatively study freeze-thaw erosion on the Loess Plateau. Therefore, in order to study the effect of rainfall on the permafrost slope erosion on the Loess Plateau, the difference of erosion between permafrost and unfrozen soil under different hydraulic conditions is clarified. Through the indoor simulated rainfall experiment, 3 kinds of rainfall intensities (0.6, 0.9, 1.2 mm/min) and 2 kinds of slopes (frozen soil slope and control slope) were used to quantitatively study the process of runoff and sediment yield on slope as well as the relation between the runoff and the sediment under different experimental treatments. The results showed that the time producing runoff on the frozen soil slope was 18.70 and 6.44 min earlier than the control slope under the rainfall intensity of 0.9 and 1.2 mm/min, respectively. The runoff and erosion amount of the frozen soil slope were far greater than that of the control slope. The runoff at the rainfall intensity of 0.9 and 1.2 mm/min was 1.16 and 1.19 times that of the control slope respectively, and the erosion amount was 10.39 and 6.39 times respectively. As the rain went on, the slope produced different degrees of rill. The occurrence time of rill on frozen slope was shortened by 18 and 22 min, respectively, compared with the control slope, and the rill erosion on frozen soil slope accounted for 79.33%-92.02% of the total erosion amount, which was greater than that of the control slope under the same rainfall intensity. The cumulative runoff and accumulated sediment yield of the 2 slopes satisfied the linear relationship of y=kx+b, and the k value of the frozen soil slope was 8.48-9.02 times that of the control slope in the inter-rill erosion stage, while 3.68-7.50 times in the rill erosion stage. The results showed that the rill erosion was the main reason to the increase of soil erosion rate on the frozen soil slope, and the water blocking effect of the freezing layer was the most important factor leading to the advance of the emergence time of rill on the slope. This result is expected to provide some certain reference for the study of soil erosion mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) coded by TRα and TRβ genes are a kind of ligand dependent transcription factor. In mammals, a number of different TR subtypes have been found, and because of different transcript start position or alternative splicing, each subtype has several isoforms. In recent years, more and more researches have confirmed that TRs have a regulating effect on tumorigenesis in addition to the regulation of normal body development and metabolic balance, especially TRβsubtype plays an important biological role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of tumor, and shows a significant tumor suppressor function. In a variety of tumor tissues, the expression of TRβreduced or even lost. TRβis involved in the regulation of intracellular signal transduction pathways closely relating to the occurrence and development of tumor. The studies on the mechanism of intracellular regulation of TRβ are helpful to understand the development of tumor at the molecular level, and to explore new therapeutic targets for tumor therapy. This study gives a review on the relationship between TRβand tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the soil quality status of the Yellow River valley Laxiwa area of Eastern Qinghai and to elucidate the effects of its different soil quality difference, in this paper, the additional soil quality status of Laxiwa area of the Yellow River valley in development and consolidation of major project were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated with the method of main factor analysis. The results showed that: In the newly increased cultivated land of Yellow River Valley of Qinghai eastern area, among 50 soil profiles surface sample points 94 % soil quality was in the inferior and inferior level, 4 % at grade level and 2 % in good grade level; The contents of organic matter, available phosphorus and total phosphorus content were main factors to restrict the soil quality of the added region. It was concluded that the soil quality was relatively poor, and soil improvement should pay special attention to the organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer in the future, which would provide a scientific basis for these regional land utilization and improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to review the research status on non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） in children and adolescents, so as to provide references for the cognition and intervention of NSSI behavior in children and adolescents. NSSI behavior is an independent risk factor for suicide, which not only poses a serious threat to the mental health of children and adolescents, but also brings a great burden on families and society. This paper focuses on the epidemiology, etiology, relationship with other psychiatric disorders, and treatment of NSSI behaviors in children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the current framework of professional master degree of Chinese materia medica，the cultivation system of high-quality professional master degree need to optimize the consolidated power from 3 parties，including students，universities and traditional Chinese medicine industry. Directions should be made to promote effective operation of the consolidate power from the 3 parties，so as to strengthen their executive power and high quality training system for the master degree could thus be formed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Tianshui section of the Zhongwei-Guiyang natural gas pipeline is located on the Loess Plateau, which is characterised by diverse geomorphological types, active tectonics, and complex geological conditions, and a variety of hidden and latent geological hazards. Sentinel-1A ascending and descending satellite data was used to decode and identify landslide hazards along the Tianshui section of the Zhongwei-Guiyang natural gas pipeline based on time-series synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR), field review, development characteristics and typical landslide deformation analysis. A total of 17 landslide hazards were identified in the study area, 13 of which were finally identified in the field review, while the remaining four were areas of human engineering activities, among which the landslide deformation in Changgou and Moyugu villages was affected by rainfall. It is found that most of the landslides along the pipeline in the study area occurs at slopes of 40° ~ 50°, with a height difference of 400 ~ 600 m, within 100 ~ 150 m from the pipeline in the northeastern slope direction, and the geotechnical body is of low strength and the stratigraphy is dominated by Q4 a1+p1. The research results show that the time-series InSAR technology with combined lift and rail can effectively identify landslide hazards along the pipeline, providing an important scientific basis and reference for the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines and future oil and gas pipeline selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important food borne pathogen related to public health. Antibody molecules are the most important effector molecules in the humoral immune response. They have a variety of biological activities. The main biological function is to specifically bind to the corresponding antigen. Aptamers are shorter DNA sequences synthesized in vitro, which can bind specifically by recognizing specific regions and targets. Based on the specific recognition function of antibody and aptamer, the capture effect and magnetic separation of immunomagnetic beads, and the construction of biosensor by polyclonal antibody and tailoring aptamer, real‑time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（qPCR）may achieve the detection of target at (8×103 )-(8×106 ) CFU/mL. The limit of detection is 800 CFU/mL for quantitative detection [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nucleic acid aptamers are single‑stranded deoxyribonucleic acid（ssDNA) or ribonucleic acid（RNA) composed of 20 to 100 nucleotides, and are generally screened by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment（SELEX) . Aptamers can specifically bind to a variety of target substances, including toxins, metal ions, biological macromolecules, microorganisms, etc., and have been widely used in food detection, medical diagnosis, and other fields. As the most basic unit of the human body, cells are the focus of research on the pathological mechanism and treatment strategy of most diseases. In recent years, nucleic acid therapy has become the focus of research in the field of disease treatment with the advantages of safer and more efficient one. Researchers realized that the targeted binding ability of nucleic acid aptamers can be applied to cell targeted therapy. Cell‑specific aptamers are different from traditional aptamers in that their specific targets are cellular components. They can directly bind to substances related to cell growth and metabolism to affect cell physiological activities, and can also be used as targeted delivery tools to deliver drugs, which has a breakthrough effect in the precision treatment of diseases. Cell‑specific nucleic acid aptamers have attracted much attention. In this article, we review the research progress of cell‑specific nucleic acid aptamers in the treatment of a variety of diseases in order to provide reference for their application in the treatment of human diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strawberries have been one of the most popular fruits, due to their the taste and rich nutrition. However, the manual picking cannot fully meet the large-scale cultivation in recent years. Moreover, the short maturity cycle of strawberry can be easy to cause the decay of strawberry fruits, particularly for the untimely picking. Consequently, it is ever increasingly urgent to develop the automatic picking of strawberry. Among them, one of crucial links is the strawberry recognition and detection. The main challenge is to accurately detect the blocked and small target strawberries. In this study, an algorithm was proposed to recognize and detect the obstructed strawberries or the blur target using an improved lightweight Mobile-YOLOv5s. The objective was to enhance both the recognition accuracy and computational speed of strawberry identification during fruit picking. The two-fold strategy was used for the optimization. Firstly, a more lightweight MobileNetV3 network was selected to replace the backbone network of YOLOv5s. The recognition accuracy was improved to reduce the model size and computational complexity. Additionally, Alpha-IOU loss function was also introduced to accelerate the convergence speed of the model. At the same time, the Alpha parameter was used to flexibly adjust the loss function. The recognition accuracy was improved on the blocked and the overlap between strawberries. Secondly, K-Means++ clustering was added to optimize the anchor boxes in target detection. The detection accuracy of blocked strawberries was further optimized to strengthen the detection of small targets. The improved model was also better adapted to the targets with different sizes and shapes. At the same time, the number of detection heads increased to four, in order to expand the receptive field of the model for the detection accuracy of small targets. The experimental results showed that the higher efficacy of the improved model was achieved in the detection frame rate of 44 frames per second (FPS), indicating a significant 15.7% improvement over the original. Furthermore, the computational complexity was measured at 8.3×109 per second, with a substantial 48% reduction from the original. The parameter count was trimmed to 4.5MB with a 15.6% reduction than before. Importantly, the recognition accuracy of mature strawberries reached an impressive 99.5% with an average accuracy of 99.4%, surpassing the original YOLOv5s by 3.6 and 9.2 percentage points, respectively. The more rapid and accurate identification of strawberries was obtained at various stages of growth in practical terms. This technological advancement can hold the promise to realize the intelligent strawberry picking for the high efficiency and productivity in the cultivation of fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, colorless and transparent Ce3 + activated borogermanate scintillating glass was prepared in air atmosphere by traditional melt-quenching method. The total content of GeO2 and Gd2 O3 in the borogermanate scintillating glass is 85%, and the measured density is about 5. 82 g/cm3. The linear transmittance of the glass scintillator is more than 80% in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 800 nm. A small amount of tartaric acid (C4 H6 O6) was added as a strong reducing agent to reduce the production of Ce4 +. The fluorescence decay characteristics of Ce3 + in the borogermanate scintillating glass at 340 nm excitation wavelength were studied under different dosage of tartric acid, and the optimal dosage of tartric acid was also determined. In addition, the light yield of borogermanate scintillating glass was rarely reported before. In this work, the light yield of the prepared Ce3 + activated borogermanate scintillating glass is measured as 27 ph/MeV, and the high density Ce3 + activated borogermanate scintillating glass has a minimum decay time of about 14. 40 ns. It can be predicted that the prepared borogermanate scintillation glass with high density and fast decay time has great development potential in the fields of high energy physics and medicine imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four specimens (Amphibia, Anura, Dicroglossidae, Quasipaa) were collected in July 2022, at the Malipo Laoshan Provincial Nature Reserve, Wenshan, Yunnan Province, China. The specimens are relatively large in size, with an adult male head-body length ranging from 76. 2−77. 3 mm. The dorsal skin is smooth, dark brown in color, with no obvious folds. There are circular, bar-shaped, black markings on the back. Small warts are scattered on the ventral side, flanks, thighs, and groins. Black keratinous spines are distributed around the anus. Five or six large white circular warts are on the lateral side of the body. Light brown markings are on the throat. The fingertips are slightly enlarged, the lump below the finger joint is large, and the first finger is longer than the second. The toes are enlarged and have circular sucking discs at the fingertips, with full webbing between them, and the lump below the toe joint is obvious, dark brown horizontal stripes on the back limbs. It is similar to those specimen of Quasipaa delacouri specimen collected from Bac Kan Province, Vietnam (type locality). Phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene fragment showed that this specimen and Q. delacouri specimens clustered together, with a genetic distance of 6. 5%. Based on the morphological and phylogenetic analysis results, the specimen is identified as Q. delacouri, a new amphibian species recorded in China, and named “德氏棘蛙” in Chinese. The specimen is currently stored in the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development Ministry of Education, Southwest University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of surface functional groups of various carbon-based materials on their adsorption properties and physicochemical properties were reviewed・ The function of functional groups on the surface of carbon-based materials was summarized, and the effects of different modification methods such as nitrogen fixation, oxidation and vulcanization on the adsorption performance and physical and chemical properties of carb on-based materials were analyzed ・ The adsorption mechanism of heavy metal ions on carbonbased materials was emphatically expounded・ The future research of carbon-based materials in the field of heavy metal adsorption was prospected from the perspective of research and practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims at overcoming the insufficient usage of information in the current mainstream fusion methods of multimodal biometrics, the idea of realizing score level fusion by potential information of feature level is proposed. Based on profound analysis, potential statistical information of feature level such as intra-class aggregation and inter-class dispersion of feature samples, correlation among modals is mined and utilized. Fusion is realized by the well theoretical based F-Ratio model. In experiments, the proposed method is compared with currently representative fusion methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method advances in recognition accuracy compared with the method of F-Ratio model which is realized without the usage of feature level information, also, is superior to many other representative fusion methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An evaluation method of equipment contribution rate to system-of-systems based on hybrid parameter evidential network is proposed for the complicated correlation between the capability of equipment system-of-systems and the uncertainty of evaluating information. An evidential network structure model for evaluation of equipment contribution rate to system-of-systems is constructed based on the correlation between the capabilities of the same level. The requirement satisfactory degree evaluation methods for evaluating the capabilities of the same level based on conditional belief parameter model and the cross-level based on belief rule parameter model are proposed, respectively, and an evaluation model of equipment contribution rate to system-of-systems is established according to the utility function. An anti-aircraft carrier equipment system-of-systems is modeled and analyzed. The results show that the proposed method can reflect the emergence of the overall capability of equipment system-of-systems, and can evaluate the equipment contribution rate to system-of-systems comprehensively and objectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children are also at high risk of novel coronavirus infection. However, as children are in the developmental stage and their phylogeny is not yet complete, adult guidelines cannot be directly copied in the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Therefore, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University organized relevant professionals of Children’s Hospital. Based on the “Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (Trial 10th Edition)” issued by the General Office of the National Health Commission of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the diagnosis and treatment plan suggestions for children with novel coronavirus infection in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were formulated by referring to several instructive diagnosis and treatment plans and combining our hospital’s experience in treating children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This recommendation makes a concise and practical description from the perspectives of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, clinical typing, treatment and nursing of children infected with SARS-CoV-2, and also makes recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of high-risk factors and complications for the reference of front-line clinical pediatricians so as to achieve timely and reasonable diagnosis and treatment of children infected with SARS-CoV-2. Early identification and active treatment of high-risk and critically patients can minimize the harm caused by complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of octreotide combined with an increased amount of fluid infusion in the treatment of intractable cirrhotic ascites, and to provide new thoughts for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 65 patients with intractable cirrhotic ascites who visited Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities from February 2016 to May 2017 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group with 31 patients and observation group with 34 patients. The patients in the control group were given conventional treatment, and those in the observation group were given continuous pumping of octreotide 0. 6 mg once every 12 hours for 3 days, followed by intramuscular injection of octreotide 0. 2 mg once ever)' 8 hours for 7 - 10 consecutive days, and an increased amount of fluid infusion, in addition to the conventional treatment. Symptomatic treatment was given based on patients' symptoms and tolerance. Vital signs, abdominal circumference, body weight, and time to ascites regression were observed during treatment, and the length of hospital stay and incidence rate of complications were analyzed. The t - test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups, and the chi - square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly shorter time to ascites regression (6. 13 ± 1.25 d vs 11.61 ± 1.34 d, t = -4. 06 , P <0. 001 ) and length of hospital stay (10. 01 ± 1.46 d vs 16. 10 ± 1.57 d, t = - 7. 65 , P < 0. 001 ) , as well as significantly greater average daily reductions in abdominal circumference (4.01 ± 0. 75 cm vs 2.42 ±0. 35 cm, t =4. 69 . P <0. (X)l ) and body weight (1.67 ± 0.42 kg vs 0. 97 ±0. 54 kg, t = 4. 58 . P <0. 001 ). The observation group had significantly lower incidence rates of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and electrolyte disturbance than the control group (upper gastrointestinal bleeding: 5. 88% vs 32. 26% .)X2 =7. 49 , P <0. 05 ; electrolyte disturbance: 8. 82% vs 38. 71% ,X2 =8. 56. Pc0.05). Conclusion In addition to the conventional treatment of intractable ascites, octreotide combined with an increased amount of fluid infusion can promote spontaneous dieresis, significantly reduce the amount of ascites, shorten the time to ascites regression, reduce complications, and improve patients' conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Straw returning to the field can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers on the basis of improving soil fertility. Straw resources can also be effectively utilized during this time. However, there is a different replacement rate of chemical fertilizer with straw return in China, due to the varying crop planting systems with the various soil fertility. In this study, a critical review was proposed to comprehensively analyze the replacement potential of chemical fertilizer by straw returning in field experiments. The data were collected from the published literature data of “CNKI” from 2000 to 2021 and 32 field experiments of straw returning to fields in Hubei Province from 2013 to 2021. The search keywords were set as “straw return”, “nitrogen (N) fertilizer”, “phosphorus (P) fertilizer”, “potassium (K) fertilizer”, and “fertilizer replacement and reduction”. The criteria for selecting data from the literature are as follows: 1) The study was conducted in China; 2) The experimental crop was rice, wheat, maize or oilseed rape; 3) The same experiment needed to include the paired treatment and control group. The treatment group was the chemical fertilization reduction with straw return, whereas, the control group was chemical fertilization without straw return. The rest experimental conditions of the treatment and control group were strictly consistent; 4) The level ranges of chemical fertilizer were 150-250 kg/hm² (N), 40-120 kg/hm² (P2O5), and 50-150 kg/hm² (K2O); 5) There were the clear starting and ending years of the experimental period; 6) The published data included the fertilizer amount, crop yield, basic physical and chemical properties of soil. Eventually, 487 published datasets were collected during the years 2000-2021, while, 641 experimental datasets from 32 field experiments that conducted in Hubei Province from 2013 to 2021. After that, the datasets were utilized to determine the proportion of N, P, and K fertilizer reduction by straw return for the major crops, in order to estimate the chemical fertilizer saving potential of straw return on a national scale. Specifically, the average replacement ratios of N, P, and K fertilizers by straw return were 12.2%, 23.9% and 43.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the replacement ratios by straw return among the crops. In rotation systems, the average replacement ratio of N and P fertilizer by straw return in the paddy-upland rotation system (e.g., rice monoculture and rice-oilseed rape rotation) were 5.0-12.9 and 18.0-24.8 percentage points higher than those in the upland rotation system (e.g., wheat-corn rotation and corn monoculture). In addition, the supply capacity of soil nutrients was an important influencing factor on the replacement reduction potential of chemical fertilizer (especially P and K fertilizer) by straw return. The reduction ratios of P and K fertilizer by straw return were 9.1-11.5 and 6.2-14.2 percentage points lower in soil with a high nutrient supply capacity than those with the low one, respectively. According to the planting area and fertilizer consumption of various crops in 2020, the national N, P2O5, and K2O fertilizer for the rice, wheat, maize, and oilseed rape seasons could have reduced by 239.48×104, 227.73×104 and 451.98×104 t, respectively, accounting for 12.6%, 25.0%, and 48.5% of the current N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizer consumptions. The total cost of chemical fertilizer was saved 478.98×108 Yuan per year by straw return. A large number of field experiments were implemented for the comprehensive analysis of the reduction potential of chemical fertilizer by straw return. The finding can provide the theoretical basis and data support for the high-use efficiency of chemical fertilizers for the major crops in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation is a common minimally invasive operation for clinical treatment of vertebral fractures. The key steps of this operation are puncture positioning and accurate screw placement, which are of great importance for postoperative recovery of patients. OBJECTIVE: To design a coplanar screw placement guide for minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation, and to observe its clinical value in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS: Totally 60 patients with thoracolumbar fracture treated by minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation were randomly divided into two groups, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with traditional screw placement technique, and the study group was treated with coplanar screw placement guide assisted screw placement. The screw placement and operation, recent orthopedical and reduction effects, long-term functional recovery and quality of life were compared between the two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were no significant differences in postoperative drainage volume, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, fracture healing time, or correction rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The study group got shorter operation time, fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy times, and higher coplanar rate compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). (2) Visual analogue scale scores in both groups were lower than those before surgery, and the pain scores in the study group at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) At the last follow-up, the anterior edge height ratio, Cobb angle and ODI score of the study group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05), while the loss rate of the study group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (4) It is concluded that the self-made coplanar screw placement guide used in minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw technique in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture has advantages in shortening the operation time, improving the accuracy of screw implantation, reducing radiation leakage and relieving pain, which is benefit for improving long-term quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to solve the problems of straw cellulose difficult to degrade, poor palatability and low nutritional value in process of straw feed. Used corn stalk powder as sole carbon source, a strain HSU-20SJ with high cellulase activity and acid-tolerance was isolated from soil piled with straw. Cellulase activity was determined by 3, 5- dinitrosalicylic acid method, species identification was carried out by morphology, physiology and biochemistry and 16S rDNA, and the heterologous expression system of endoglucanase in Escherichia coli was constructed by molecular cloning technology. The results showed that the crude enzyme activity of strain HSU-20SJ was 3.23 U/mL, and the optimum reaction pH was 5.0. The strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis. The endoglucanase gene eg20SJ was obtained from its genome, and the recombinant enzyme was obtained after heterologous expression, with molecular weight of about 55 kDa and crude enzyme activity of 6.28 U/mL. The study indicates that the experiment realizes the heterologous expression of endoglucanase gene on basis of obtaining acid-resistant and high-cellulase active strains, which can provide reference for large-scale production and application of cellulase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind erosion is widespread in arid and semiarid regions around the world and it has been considered as a serious environmental threat that leads to change in global biochemical cycles, decline in agricultural productivity, and contributes to climate change. Aeolian erosion provides abundant eroded sediments for channel sediments delivery in the ten small tributaries. In order to reveal the mechnism of wind erosion in the region of ten small tributaries, three plots were established in Dongliugou watershed of the ten small tributaries in Inner Mongolia. The first monitoring plot (40°18′28″N, 110°30′57″E) was located in the criss-cross region of farmland and moving dune, the second monitoring plot (40°09′52″ N, 110°28′5″ E) was located in moving dune and the third monitoring plot (40°04′19″ N, 110°28′17″ E) was located in the criss-cross region of fixed and moving dune. The amounts of wind erosion and the change of surface shape were monitored by the method of pins measurement for 1 year. Combining the local meteorological data with the monitoring data, spatial and temporal variation of wind erosion intensity was analyzed by using the technologies of ArcGIS and Surface 8.0. The results showed that: 1) The average intensity of wind erosion from the plots during the months from April to May in 2014 were 11.54×10-3, 21.11×10-3, and 9.35×10-3 kg/(m2·d), respectively, and that from October to November in 2013 were 2.96×10-3, 7.03×10-3 and 2.29×10-3 kg/(m2·d), respectively. The intensity of wind erosion from April to May was 2-3 times stronger than the annual average intensity. The intensity of wind erosion was exponentially related with the maximum wind velocity in the study area. Based on the temporal variation of cumulative wind erosion of the monitoring plots, the proportion of sediments into Yellow River through wind erosion was 60.44% (spring)> 18.22% (autumn)> 15.75% (summer)> 5.59% (winter) in the region of ten small tributaries; 2) The wind erosion modulus of 3 monitoring plots were 1149.75, 1821.35 and 3164.55 t/(km2·a), respectively. The contents of erodible particles was 94.95% (midstream)> 62.18% (upstream)> 44.51% (downstream), thus the amounts of wind erosion of middle reaches (216.71 kg) were significantly higher than upper reaches (78.81 kg) and downstream (124.76 kg) in the region of ten small tributaries. In this study, the amounts of wind erosion of downstream were significantly higher than upstream although the contents of erodible particles in upper reaches were more than downstream. It was caused by land use patterns and human disturbance; 3) The area of Kubuqi desert was moderate wind erosion, the region of Loess hilly and gully and the South Bank of the Yellow River alluvial plain area were mild wind erosion. It’s estimated that the three surface cumulative amounts of wind erosion were 8.74, 5.95 and 5.16 Mt, the proportion of sand blown by the wind into the Yellow were account for 44.03%, 29.97% and 26.00%; 4) The main direction of wind erosion was from northwest to southeast, and the process of wind erosion was accumulation, erosion, passage, and then deposition. The surface amplitude of midstream was significantly increased from April to May and form October to November, but hardly changed in the other months. Surface amplitude was linearly correlated with intensity of wind erosion (R2=0.78, P<0.05). Wind erosion has the ability to restore surface. The study may provide evidences for preventing increasing sediments for the river channel from the region of the ten small tributaries and to formulate reasonable soil and water conservation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large-scale breeding level of livestock and poultry industry in Hubei Province has been significantly improved, and the amount of straw resources has been increased year by year. Returning agricultural wastes to the field can not only reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, but also reduce the application of chemical fertilizers. Based on relevant statistical data and literature, this study collected the amount of livestock and poultry (i.e., pigs, beef cattle, dairy cows, sheep, broilers, layers) in stock, market and growth cycle, and the planting area and economic yield of various crops (i.e., the low hilly area in southeastern Hubei, the low hilly area in northern Hubei, the mountainous area in northwestern Hubei, the plain area in central Hubei, and the mountainous area in southwestern Hubei). Based on the statistical data from 2019 to 2020, We calculated the nutrient supply of livestock and poultry waste, and further evaluated whether the current situation of livestock and poultry breeding in Hubei Province exceeded the maximum allowable amount of soil carrying livestock and poultry waste. According to the ratio of straw to grain of different crops and nutrient content of straw, we analyzed the nutrient resources and the theoretical nutrient returning amount of crop straw. The land carrying capacity index of livestock was the highest in Northern Hubei, reaching to 0.35-0.78. The land carrying capacity index of Central Hubei was only 0.17-0.54, indicating that there would be a large space to develop livestock and poultry breeding. In 2019, the nutrient resources of livestock and poultry waste in Hubei Province were 368 900 t N, 140 300 t P2O5 and 520 600 t K2O, respectively. Based on 65% of livestock manure and fertilizer returning to the field, the total nutrient returning to the field of livestock and poultry manure would be 239 800 t N, 91 200 t P2O5 and 337 700 t K2O, respectively, with the ratio of fertilizer replacement of 17.3%, 11.9% and 56.2%, respectively. The total amount of straw resources of main crops in Hubei Province was the highest in Central Hubei and the lowest in Northwest Hubei. At present, the nutrient resources of straw in Hubei province were 310 700 t N, 99 800 t P2O5 and 683 000 t K2O, and the proportion of theoretical fertilizer replacement were 22.53%, 13.11% and 113.97%, respectively. The livestock and poultry production in different regions of Hubei province did not exceed the local maximum carrying capacity. The livestock and poultry breeding volume in different regions of Hubei Province did not exceed the local maximum carrying capacity. The theory of returning major agricultural wastes in Hubei Province can reduce nitrogen fertilizer consumption by 39.8% and phosphate fertilizer consumption by 25.0%. The total K amount from agricultural wastes return to the field could theoretically meet the demand for potassium of main crops. By calculating the nutrient resources of the main agricultural wastes (i.e., livestock and poultry waste, and straw) in Hubei Province, we evaluated the potential of fertilizer reduction of agricultural waste returning to the field and the carrying capacity of livestock and poultry waste soil, providing theoretical basis and data support for agricultural green development in Hubei Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the propagation of dust explosion in the tapered pipelines, DN200-long straight pipeline and DN200 ～DN100 tapered pipeline were built based on 1 m³ dust explosion chamber testing system. Using corn starch as the testing sample, the flame propagation speed, the peak overpressure in the pipeline and the flame propagation distance were studied by experiment and FLACS numerical simulation. It was found that the flame propagation velocity in the pipeline generally shows an increasing trend, especially after the diameter changing point of the pipe. The reduction of the pipe diameter accelerates the flame propagation. The peak overpressure in the pipeline shows a downward trend, and its attenuation amplitude increases significantly after reducing the diameter. The reduction of the pipe diameter makes the overpressure attenuation rate increased, the mathematical model of the overpressure change in the explosion cavity caused by the variable diameter pipeline is established by data fitting, the flame propagation distance becomes longer as the dust concentration in the chamber increases, and the flame propagation distance becomes longer as the pipe diameter is reduced largely. The research provides reference and guidance for the determination of the safety distance of the dust removal system and the design of fire and explosion prevention measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the value of thromboelastography (TEG) in guiding clinical blood transfusion in patients with esophageal cancer and its correlation with the detection indicators of conventional coagulation experiments. Methods: 99 patients who were admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment of esophageal cancer and required blood transfusion from January 2017 to March 2019 were selected as the research objects, and 99 patients were randomly divided into the routine coagulation function detection group and the TEG group, and the routine coagulation function The test group used conventional coagulation test results to guide blood transfusion, and the TEG group used TEG test results to guide blood transfusion. The conventional coagulation test indicators before and after blood transfusion and the clinical blood volume of the two groups were compared, and the TEG indicators before and after blood transfusion in the TEG group were compared, and TEG indicators were compared with Correlation of the indicators detected by routine coagulation experiments. Results: There was no significant difference in the four items of coagulation and platelet count (PLT) between the two groups before blood transfusion (P>0.05). After blood transfusion, the two groups had activated thrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) all improved to varying degrees (P<0.05). The PT and TT in the TEG group were lower than those in the conventional coagulation function test group (P<0.05); after blood transfusion, the coagulation reaction time of the TEG group (P<0.05) R value), blood clot formation time (K value) lower than before blood transfusion, maximum blood clot strength (MA value), coagulation index (CI value) increased, coagulation rate (Angle angle) increased, there are differences Statistical significance (P<0.05); Pearson correlation analysis showed that R value was positively correlated with APTT (P<0.05), K value was negatively correlated with PLT, and positively correlated with FIB (P<0.05), Angle angle, MA The value and CI value were positively correlated with FIB and PLT (P<0.05); the infusion of fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate in the TEG group was less than that in the conventional coagulation function test group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: TEG can better guide the rational transfusion of various blood components in patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery, effectively improve coagulation abnormalities, and reduce the amount of blood transfusion. There is a certain correlation between TEG indicators and conventional coagulation test indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver transplantation is the most effective method for hepatitis B-related liver failure, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) after liver transplantation is not conducive to the recovery of liver function and leads to poor clinical prognosis. The prevention and treatment of HBV reactivation is currently the focus of research by physicians and surgeons. The current viral suppression strategies can not completely eradicate HBV nor completely prevent the recurrence of HBV infection in the future. This article aims to explore the molecular mechanism of HBV reactivation after liver transplantation, in order to more effectively prevent the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) secrete various cytokines and growth factors required for bone remodeling, which are considered to be excellent candidate cells for bone regeneration. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and ADSCs have a synergistic effect on bone regeneration and can significantly enhance the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of conditioned medium of ADSCs combined with BMP2 on postmenopausal osteoporosis in a rat model. METHODS: Healthy and female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8-10 months (n=75) were obtained from the Animal Center of Shenyang Medical College. Ovariectomy was performed to induce postmenopausal osteoporosis in 60 rats, and the remaining 15 rats underwent surgeries without removal of the ovaries (sham group). Ovariectomized rats were randomized into four groups: osteoporosis group, conditioned medium group, BMP2 group, and conditioned medium+BMP2 group, followed by injection of DMEM medium, ADSCs conditioned medium, BMP2, and ADSCs conditioned medium+BMP2 via the tail vein, respectively. After 12 weeks of treatment, femurs and serum samples of each group were taken. The number and structure of trabecular bone and trabecular spacing were detected histologically. Serum P1NP, ALP, TRAP, OPG, RANKL levels were detected by ELISA. Western blot and real-time PCR were used to detect RANKL and OPG at protein and mRNA levels. Cytokine chip analysis of cytokines in ADSCs conditioned medium was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the sham group, increased trabecular spacing, fewer trabeculae and marked trabecular disconnection were observed in osteoporosis rats. The trabeculae in conditioned medium+BMP2 group appeared to be more complete and continuous with less widened spacing compared with the osteoporosis, conditioned medium and BMP2 groups. Serum levels of P1NP and ALP were dramatically higher, while TRAP level group was decreased significantly in the conditioned medium+BMP2 group compared with the other groups (both P < 0.05). In the conditioned medium+BMP2 group, RANKL/OPG ratio was reduced significantly compared with the other groups (P < 0.01), further promoting bone formation. ADSCs conditioned medium contained a variety of cytokines that were essential for bone formation and remodeling, including bone morphogenetic proteins 4 and 7, leukemia inhibitory factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, osteoprotegerin, and insulin-like growth factor 1. These results demonstrate that ADSCs conditioned medium combined with BMP2 can mitigate osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy and it may be an attractive strategy to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data-lacking regions have little information about the economic value of the cultivated land in the historical years. This research chose Lhasa city in Tibet as an example to discuss a method based on GIS(geographic information system), which was to propose the historical economic value evaluation of cultivated land in data-lacking regions and to fill the blanks of the historical economic value data of the cultivated land. This research took 3 factors based on the agricultural location theory from natural and human aspects, i.e., the slope, the stable light at nighttime, and the distance from the cultivated land to the roads at different levels. The data resources of this research were defense meteorological satellite program/ operational linescan system(DMSP/OLS), digital elevation model and the road data, all of which were free and easy to acquire. In addition, all of the data were in the year of 2010 in order to ensure the data quality and have the corresponding Google Earth data which were treated as the ground true reference. First of all, we graded each factor into 5 classes and assigned them the score of 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9, which indicated their contributions for improving the economic value for the corresponding cultivated land. Second, we decided the weights for each factor in each grade by employing the method of analytic hierarchy process. Third, the spatial weighted overlay based on GIS was introduced to calculate the final score for each cultivated land which was the reference to determine their historical economic value. The method was firstly testified in the Chengguan district, Lhasa city and then applied to the whole city. We classified the cultivated land in Chengguan district into 3 classes, and the first class cultivated land referred to the farmland which had the highest historical economic value and the third class referred to the lowest one. After that we introduced the stratified random sampling method into this research to perform the accuracy assessment. We selected 100 pieces of cultivated land according to their area and compared the evaluation result with the ground true data by visual interpretation. The overall accuracy of the historical economic value evaluation of Chengguan district was 84% which meant that the proposed method was very effective. Instead of applying the method to the whole city directly, we took the economic differences among the 8 counties into account. We classified the economic level of the 8 counties into 3 class based on their stable light intensity with the help of the nighttime light satellite imagery before the method was extended to the whole Lhasa city. The accuracy assessment was also performed by the randomly selected 1000 pieces of the cultivated land in the whole city. The overall accuracy of the evaluation was 82.6% with an overall Kappa coefficient of 0.722, the user’s accuracy of the first-class cultivated land was 79.63%, and the producer’s accuracy was 71.27%; the user’s accuracy of the second-class cultivated land was 84.76%, and the producer’s accuracy was 80.91%; the user’s accuracy of the third-class cultivated land was81.58%, and the producer’s accuracy was 89.97%. The result indicated that the extended method based on the nighttime imagery was scientific and effective to apply the evaluation method proposed in this study to a larger study area, and this method was robust and easy to realize. In summary, the area of the cultivated land in middle level accounted for 58.43% of the total area. Chengguan district, as the center of Lhasa city, had the most highest cultivated land value, and the Linzhou county had the lowest economic value of cultivated land. Further work should focus on the realization of this method in other years, which helps discuss the change trajectory of the cultivated land economic value in time series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, hydrogen as eco-friendly clean energy has received the widespread attention. In numerous hydrogen production methods, anaerobic fermentation bio-hydrogen production has become a research hotspot in the field of renewable energy because it can utilize biomass raw materials effectively, reduce the agricultural waste pollution to the environment. The straw biomass is the main agricultural waste of crop production in China, which can be used to take direct or prepare molding fuel combustion and convert into biogas for comprehensive utilization generally. Cellulose content in maize straw (about 36%) is higher than that in wheat、soybean and sorghum straws, the research of cellulose energy efficient transformation in maize straw has important scientific significance and practical value. In this study, anaerobic fermentation experiments were performed for bio-hydrogen production from enzymatic hydrolyzate of corn stalk powder (<0.088 mm) using heat pretreated activated sludge as fermentation microorganism, choosing cumulative amount of hydrogen production as main experiment parameter，the influences of different factors on anaerobic fermentation bio-hydrogen production of corn stalk’s enzymolysis were studied based on Box-Behnken model of response surface method. The significance of interactions between different factors during the anaerobic bio-hydrogen production process was examined and the anaerobic fermentation bio-hydrogen production process of corn stalk’s enzymolysis was optimized. The results showed that temperature and enzymatic hydrolysate concentration were the factors that mostly impacted on the corn stalk anaerobic fermentation bio-hydrogen production process comparing with initial pH value. The interaction of two factors on the effect of hydrogen yield were all significant (P＜0.05). Box-Behnken model was used to obtain the optimal conditions of hydrogen production. The optimal conditions were temperature of 38.32℃, the initial pH value of 4.93, and the enzymatic hydrolysate concentration of 20.70 mg/mL. Under such condition, the maximum hydrogen yield was 685.59 mL and the maximum hydrogen production rate was 57.13 mL/g straw. The model was validated through experiment, the actual maximum hydrogen yield can reach 659.24 mL and the hydrogen production rate was 54.94 mL/g straw, with the prediction error of 3.84%, which proved that this model had a good fitness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]