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基于国内外数据要素市场化的发展情况，总结了国外数据要素价值化发展的路径及特点。概括了我国数据要素市场在交易市场、应用场景等方面的现状，针对目前我国数据要素市场的发展情况，结合我国数据要素市场环境及发展特色，提出了构建中国特色数据要素市场模式的建议，以加快释放数据要素价值。

为了提高核桃油产品品质，采用分子蒸馏法对核桃油中的游离脂肪酸和塑化剂(DBP、DEHP、DINP)进行脱除，并兼顾营养物质的保留。通过单因素实验和正交实验对核桃油中脱酸、脱塑条件进行优化。结果表明：进料速率和蒸馏温度对营养物质和DBP的影响较为显著，蒸馏温度和刮膜转速对于游离脂肪酸和DEHP的脱除影响更大；最佳脱酸、脱塑工艺条件为真空度0.1 Pa、蒸馏温度170 ℃、进料速率600 mL/h、刮膜转速350 r/min，在此条件下核桃油酸值(KOH)由1.08 mg/g降为0.057 mg/g，DBP含量由1.54 mg/kg降为0.12 mg/kg，DEHP含量由4.83 mg/kg降为0.98 mg/kg，DINP均为未检出，维生素E及甾醇的综合保留率达到82.77%。综上，所优化的条件可以将塑化剂含量降至标准要求范围内，可大幅降低酸值，且较好地实现了对维生素E和甾醇的保留。 In order to improve the quality of walnut oil, the molecular distillation technology was used to remove free fatty acids and plasticizers(DBP, DEHP, DINP) from walnut oil, meanwhile, taking into account the retention of nutrients. The deacidification and deplasticization conditions of walnut oil were optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the feeding rate and distillation temperature had a significant effect on the nutrient and DBP, and the distillation temperature and scraping speed had a greater effect on the removal of free fatty acids and DEHP. The optimal conditions were as follows: vacuum degree 0.1 Pa, distillation temperature 170 ℃, feeding rate 600 mL/h, and scraping speed 350 r/min. Under these conditions, the acid value of walnut oil decreased from 1.08 mgKOH/g to 0.057 mgKOH/g, the content of DBP decreased from 1.54 mg/kg to 0.12 mg/kg, the content of DEHP decreased from 4.83 mg/kg to 0.98 mg/kg, and the content of DINP was not detected. The comprehensive retention rate of vitamin E and sterol reached 82.77%. In summary, the optimized conditions can reduce the plasticizer content to within the standard, get a significant reduction of acid value, and achieve a better retention of vitamin E and sterol.

目的 研究高海拔地区缺血性卒中患者单核细胞/HDL-C比值（monocyte/HDL-C ratio，MHR）与颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄（intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis，ICSA）程度的相关性。 方法 回顾性连续纳入2017年6月-2021年6月在青海省人民医院住院治疗的高海拔地区（海拔2260～4080 m）的急性缺血性卒中患者，依据DSA上脑血管狭窄程度（以狭窄最严重的动脉为准）分为无狭窄组、轻度狭窄（狭窄率≤50%）组、中度狭窄（狭窄率50%～70%）组、重度狭窄（狭窄率≥70%）组及闭塞（100%）组。比较5组患者的临床资料、实验室检查指标和MHR，并采用logistic回归模型计算不同程度血管狭窄的独立危险因素。 结果 共纳入349例患者，其中无狭窄组69例、轻度狭窄组78例、中度狭窄组41例、重度狭窄组84例、闭塞组77例。5组中年龄、性别分布、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病比例方面差异均有统计学意义，实验室检查中白细胞、单核细胞、中性粒细胞、血小板计数以及血红蛋白、HDL-C水平和MHR差异也有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示，相对于无动脉狭窄，高龄为脑血管轻度狭窄（OR 1.061，95%CI 1.027～1.097，P＜0.001），中度狭窄（OR 1.057，95%CI 1.017～1.099，P＝0.005），重度狭窄（OR 1.096，95%CI 1.057～1.137，P＜0.001），闭塞（OR 1.036，95%CI 1.001～1.072，P＝0.046）的独立危险因素；相对于无动脉狭窄，高MHR为轻度狭窄（OR 1.041，95%CI 1.009～1.074，P＝0.011），中度狭窄（OR 1.082，95%CI 1.045～1.119，P＜0.001），重度狭窄（OR 1.096，95%CI 1.062～1.131，P＜0.001），闭塞（OR 1.101，95%CI 1.067～1.136，P＜0.001）的独立危险因素；相对于无动脉狭窄，单核细胞计数升高是中度狭窄（OR 1.684，95%CI 1.569～2.725，P=0.027）、重度狭窄（OR 3.529，95%CI 1.541～5.766，P=0.002 ）和闭塞（OR 5.446，95%CI 4.453～6.917，P=0.002）的独立危险因素。 结论 高龄、高MHR和单核细胞计数升高在高海拔地区对急性缺血性卒中患者的脑动脉粥样硬化性狭窄程度具有一定预测价值。 Abstract: Objective To study the correlation between the monocyte/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and the degree of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) in high altitude area. Methods Patients with acute cerebral infarction in high altitude area (2260-4480 m) in Qinghai People's Hospital from June 2017 to June 2021 were included in this retrospective study. According to the degree of cerebral artery stenosis on DSA imaging, all the patients were divided into 5 groups: no stenosis group, mild stenosis group (≤50%), moderate stenosis group (50%-70%), severe stenosis group (≥70%) and occlusion group (100%). The baseline clinical data, laboratory tests results and MHR were collected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for cerebral artery stenosis. Results A total of 349 patients were included. There were 69 patients without stenosis, 78 patients with mild stenosis, 41 patients with moderate stenosis, 84 patients with severe stenosis and 77 patients with occlusion. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that old age and high MHR were independent risk factors for mild stenosis (OR 1.061, 95%CI 1.027-1.097, P

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In this study, Nanorana parkeri, an amphibian endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, was treated with thermal acclimation at 26 ℃ (16℃ as the control) for two weeks in the laboratory to investigate the effects of long-term thermal acclimation on oxidative stress level and antioxidant defense system of N. parkeri. The results show that the content of oxidized glutathione in muscle tissues ( t = 1. 4, df = 10, p < 0. 001) and the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione in liver and muscle tissues were significantly increased due to the thermal acclimation, suggesting an enhanced oxidative stress. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase showed a tissue-specific increase. Moreover, malondialdehyde content decreased significantly in the liver but did not change in muscle tissues, suggesting that thermal acclimation did not lead to an increase in the indicator of oxidative damage, which was attributed to a well-established antioxidant defense system. This study will help to elucidate the effects of global warming on the amphibians living on the Tibetan Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: The mechanism of action of black raspberry polyphenols on gastric cancer rats by regulating STAT3 / Survivin signaling pathway was analyzed. Methods: A total of 40 male healthy SD rats were selected, 10 of which were taken as the blank control group, and the other 30 were used to prepare the gastric cancer rat model. After successful modeling, they were divided into the model group and the black raspberry polyphenols (low and high dose) group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the black raspberry polyphenol (low and high dose) group were fed with 5 % and 10 % black raspberry polyphenol feed, and the rats in the blank control group and the model group were fed with normal feed. After 8 weeks of continuous intervention, the body weight and tumor volume of the rats were measured. The expression levels of STAT3 and Survivin protein were detected by Western blot. Histopathological and inflammatory factor levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The body weight and tumor volume of the black raspberry polyphenol (low and high dose) groups were lower than those of the model group, and the high dose group was significantly lower than the low dose group(P<0.05). Compared with the expression levels of STAT3 and Survivin protein, the black raspberry polyphenol ( low and high dose ) groups were lower than the model group, and the high dose group was significantly lower than the low dose group (P<0.05). The levels of motilin (MTL), pepsinogen I (PGI) and gastrin (GAS) in black raspberry polyphenol (low and high dose) groups were significantly higher than those in model group, and those in high dose group were significantly higher than those in low dose group (P<0.05). The levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in black raspberry polyphenol (low and high dose) groups were significantly higher than those in model group, and those in high dose group were higher than those in low dose group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Black raspberry polyphenols can inhibit the growth of gastric cancer in rats by regulating STAT3 / Survivin signaling pathway, effectively regulate gastrointestinal hormones, improve gastric function, and interfere with the progression of gastric cancer by affecting the level of inflammatory factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to explore the appropriate harvest maturity of cigar wrapper leaves, the effects of different harvest maturity on the main ag- ronomic characters, physical indicators, chemical components and appearance quality of cigar wrapper middle leaves after air-curing were studied. The results showed that with the increase of harvest maturity, the SPAD value and water content of fresh wrapper leaves decreased, while the chromaticity value increased. After air-curing, the leaf thickness, leaf surface density and tensile force of leaves first increased and then decreased. The ratio of two sugars first increased and then decreased, while the nitrogen base ratio and potassium chloride ratio decreased; The scores of maturity and oil content increased, while the scores of branch thickness and flatness decreased. Considering the physical charac- teristics, chemical composition and appearance quality, the appearance characteristics of the cigar wrapper middle leaves that were suitable for harvest maturity; leaf color was greenish yellow (greenish to yellowish), with 1/3 of the main veins turning white, and 1/4 of the branch veins turning white with a small amount of tomenta falling off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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【摘要】 目的 分析公立医院高层次人才满意度调查，为提高人才满意度提出持续改进的策略。 方法 对北京市某三级甲等综合医院155名高层次人才进行问卷调查。采用Likert 5点量表赋分方法，从工作情况、职业发展、工作关系、薪酬福利和科研管理5个维度设计调查问卷。根据研究对象对各维度的满意度，进行对策研究。 结果 本研究获得有效问卷144份，问卷有效率92.90%。参与调查对象总体满意度评价得分为（77.86±11.3）分。5个维度满意度评分排序依次为：科研管理（82.16±11.56）分、工作关系（78.72±12.72）分、工作情况（77.30±15.02）分、职业发展（75.60±12.7）分和薪酬福利（75.56±13.72）分。 结论 提高公立医院高层次人才的薪酬福利、创造职业发展的平台可能是今后公立医院提高高层次人才满意度应当努力的方向。 【Abstract】 Objective To survey the satisfaction of high-level talents in a public hospital, and put forward the improvement strategy to increase the satisfaction of high-level talents. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 155 high-level talents from a class 1, Grade 3 general hospital in Beijing. 5-point Likert scale was used to measure their satisfaction from 5 aspects, including working condition, career development, working relationship, salary and welfare and research management. Based on the survey results, an analysis was conducted to develop the improvement measures. Results 144 valid questionnaires (92.90%) were collected. The overall satisfaction score from the participants was 77.86±11.3. The satisfaction scores in 5 aspects were as follows: 82.16±11.56 for research management, 78.72±12.72 for working relationship, 77.30±15.02 for working condition, 75.60±12.7 for career development, and 75.56±13.72 for salary and welfare. Conclusions Improving the salary and welfare of high-level talents in public hospitals and creating a career development platform may be the direction for public hospitals to improve the satisfaction of high-level talents in the future.

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BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of congenital microtia is not clear. Current studies believe that microtia is related to the joint action of environmental and genetic factors, and drug teratogenesis is an important aspect of environmental factors. OBJECTIVE: To observe the embryonic auricle development indexes of pregnant rats exposed to different concentrations of mycophenolate mofetil, in order to establish a drug-induced microtia model and provide a basis for further exploring the pathogenesis of microtia. METHODS: Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were caged according to the ratio of male to female at 2:1, and the female rats were checked the next day. The presence of a vaginal plug was designated as gestational day 0. Thirty-two pregnant rats were randomized into four groups (n=8 per group): control group, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg mycophenolate mofetil groups. Rats in the four groups were intragastrically given corn oil, and 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg mycophenolate mofetil corn oil respectively at 8 a.m. on gestational days 9 and 10. The pregnant rats in each group were decapitated under anesthesia on gestational day 20.5. The embryonic development and auricle development indexes were generally observed. The development of middle and inner ears was observed by micro-CT imaging. Auricle cartilage and soft tissue changes were histologically observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the control group, the numbers of dead fetuses and absorbed fetuses were increased and the number and rate of live fetuses decreased in different mycophenolate mofetil groups. There were significant differences in ear transverse length, ear longitudinal length, ear longitudinal length/ear transverse length, nasal occipital distance/biparietal diameter, eye distance, body length and body mass between different mycophenolate mofetil groups and control group (P < 0.05). The above-mentioned indexes were significantly different in the 50 mg/kg mycophenolate mofetil group from 100 and 200 mg/kg mycophenolate mofetil groups (P < 0.05). There were also significant differences in ear length, body length, body mass, and nasal occipital distance between 100 and 200 mg/kg mycophenolate mofetil groups (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, the main micro-CT changes in each mycophenolate mofetil group were dysplasia of the skull and incomplete development of auditory vesicle. (3) The results of hematoxylineosin staining, toluidine blue staining and type II collagen immunohistochemistry staining showed that mycophenolate mofetil affected the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and the expression of type II collagen. (4) To conclude, mycophenolate mofetil can cause the dysplasia of rat embryonic auricle in a dose-dependent manner, because mycophenolate mofetil may inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and the expression of type II collagen. Mycophenolate mofetil can be used to establish an animal model of microtia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To establish a rapid and quantitative method for the determination of chloramphenicol antibiotics residues in aquaculture water by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC- MS) with micro eutectic solvent extraction and enrichment, the culture water was filtered by filter paper, 10 mL of water sample was added with proper amount of internal standard substance, 1 mL of water sample was mixed evenly in a micro-centrifuge tube, adding proper amount of eutectic solvent, vortex mixing and standing to extract the top layer clear liquid, acetonitrile was fixed to 1 mL, and filtered by 0.22 μm. The sample was separated by high- performance liquid chromatography, and the internal standard was quantified by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed the linear range of chloramphenicol was 0.1-5.0 μg·kg-1, and the correlation coefficient was 0.999 4. The average detection limit of chloramphenicol was up to 0.005 3 μg · kg-1 . The recovery of chloramphenicol was 80.3%-103.6%, the relative standard deviation was between 3.5% and 8.3%. The linear range of the florfenicol was 1.0-20.0 μg·kg-1, and the correlation coefficient was 0.999 8. The average detection limit of the florfenicol was up to 0.022 8 μg·kg-1 . The recoveries of the method ranged from 63.4% to 85.2%, the relative standard deviation was between 2.2% and 6.2%. The results showed that method had the advantages of less consumption of extraction and detection reagent, short time, high sensitivity and good accuracy. This method was proved to be suitable for the detection of chloramphenicol in aquaculture water, and provided a clear research direction for the next step of using low eutectic solvent extraction in aquaculture environment and detection of veterinary drug residues in aquatic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The gut microbiota in fish is a natural immune barrier, which can inhibit the colonization and proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, so as to protect the fish from diseases. Dongting Lake is a vital fish and aquatic organisms' habitat and gene pool, with more Cypriniformes and Perciformes species present than Siluriformes. The fish community structure and biodiversity in Dongting Lake have attracted extensive attentions, whereas the ecosystem has been damaged to a certain extent. Few studies have taken the characteristics of fish intestinal microbiota as a potential factor to improve the ecosystem of Dongting Lake. In order to detect the microbial community in important fish populations in Dongting Lake. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to characterize the gut bacterial community diversity, composition and potential functions of six fishes including Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Siniperca chuatsi, Carassius auratus, Culter alburnus, Ctenopharyngodom idella, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, which are in Siluriformes, Perciformes and Cypriniformes. There were five dominant phyla in all fish gut samples, including Fimicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteriota, Actinobacteriota and Cyanobacteria. The bacterial composition of Cypriniformes and Perciformes was similar. The proportion of Cetobacterium in Siluriformes was high, while the proportion of Cetobacterium and Aeromonas in Cypriniformes were high. The species composition and function of the microbial community of the gut microbiota of the six fish species were predicted. We found that the species richness of the gut microbiota of Siniperca chuatsi was the highest, and the metabolic process was more vigorous. We speculated that this may be related to the disease resistance and adaptability of Perciformes. An in-depth understanding of the diversity, composition and potential functions of fish gut microbiota can not only better regulate the use of probiotics and their water quality management, but also have important reference values for the healthy breeding of fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)