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Copyright of Biology Teaching is the property of East China Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A zinc complex [Zn2 (Hbppc)(bppc)Cl3]·0. 5H2 O was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions using 4-(2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine-4-yl)-benzoic acid (Hbppc) as ligand and ZnCl2 as metal source. The complex was characterized by SXRD, PXRD, IR, FT-IR, etc. X-ray single crystal diffraction shows that the complex crystallized in the orthorhombic, Pbca space group, with a zero-dimensional structure. Moreover, the complex has a two-nuclear structure, and the binuclear units are further connected by hydrogen bonds to form 2D supramolecular network structure. Hirshfeld surface analysis of the complex was performed by Crystal Explorer 21. In addition, fluorescence analysis of ligands and the complex were performed, and the results show that the fluorescence of the complex is significantly enhanced compared with that of the free ligand. Gaussianview 5. 0 and Gaussian 09W were used to calculate the frontier molecular orbital energy of ligand and complex, and to explore the mechanism of fluorescence enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automobile Technology is the property of Automobile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biotechnology Bulletin is the property of Biotechnology Bulletin Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A new nickel complex [Ni(dpyb)2 ](NO3)2 ·(H2 O)3 was synthesized by means of solvent-thermal synthesis using 2,6-bis(2-pyrazinyl)-3,4′-bipyridine (dpyb), which is one of polynitrogen compounds, as the ligand and Ni(NO3)3 ·6H2 O as raw materials. The structure of the complex [Ni(dpyb)2 ](NO3)2 ·(H2 O)3 was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results of structural analysis show that the complex was a mononuclear structure, and the mononuclear structure is further extended to the binuclear structure through intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the mononuclear units. The Hirshfeld surface analysis of the target complex was carried out using Crystal Explorer 21 software, and the results show that there is strong hydrogen bonding in the structure of [Ni(dpyb)2] (NO3)2 ·(H2 O)3. The frontline molecular orbitals and energy band gaps of the free ligand and the complex were also calculated by Gaussian 09W and Gauss View 5. 0 software using the B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) method, and the results suggest that the complex has high chemical stability. The results of the computational study are in good agreement with the experiments. In addition, fluorescence analysis of the free ligand and complexe were performed, and the results indicate that compared with the free ligand, the fluorescence intensity of the complex is weakened, which is due to the coordination between the ligand and the Ni(II) ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) / Jiangsu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban) is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biotechnology Bulletin is the property of Biotechnology Bulletin Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The introduction of tobacco has always been the focus of tobacco history research, but the previous studies have mainly focused on Nicotiana tabacum, and there were obvious deficiencies in the study of Nicotiana rustica. In fact, Nicotiana rustica was also an important part of tobacco species for human planting and use, its introduction had a profound impact on the society of that time and even later generations. Based on the collection and arrangement of the annals and anthology, this paper shows that the Nicotiana rustica had already been introduced in the period Emperor Chongzhen’s reign, no later than the period of Emperor Kangxi’s reign. It was introduced into China mainly through smuggling, normal trade and the diplomatic envoys’ spread. Central Asian merchants, Russian private merchants and diplomatic envoys, and the tribes of Mongolian all played an active role in varying degrees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tianjin Medical Journal is the property of Tianjin Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To analyze the prognostic factors of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. This study included 130 patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma admitted to the hospital from February 2018 to March 2020. All patients underwent TACE combined with antiviral therapy, and their survival status was recorded. The prognostic factors were analyzed. At the end of follow-up, 58 patients died and 72 patients survived, with a median survival time of 24 months. The 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 82.31% and 55.38%. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis found that the maximum tumor diameter, serum AFP, Child-Pugh grade, abdominal cavity metastasis, and portal vein tumor thrombus were risk factors for poor prognosis. The maximum tumor diameter, serum AFP, Child-Pugh grade, abdominal cavity metastasis, and portal vein tumor thrombus are factors affecting the prognosis of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE combined with antiviral therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of the chromobox protein homolog 8 (CBX8) in prostate cancer metastasis from transcriptome and epigenetic modification perspectives. Methods·The correlation between the expression of CBX proteins and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was examined through an analysis based on cBioPortal database. A stable CBX8 knockdown DU145 prostate cancer cell line was established via short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection. Subsequently, the proliferation and invasion of the CBX8 knockdown cells were analyzed by CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Transcriptome changes of the CBX8 knockdown cells were investigated through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) coupled with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). To further evaluate the functional implications of these transcriptomic alterations, Gene Ontology (GO) for functional analysis was deployed. Moreover, to identify potentially affected signalling pathways, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was utilized for pathway enrichment analysis. Lastly, the levels of H3K27me3, a key histone modification associated with CBX8, in the knockdown cells were determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). Results·Bioinformatic analysis with cBioPortal database, based on TCGA-PRAD cohorts, unveiled a high CBX8 mRNA expression in PRAD. Knockdown of CBX8 did not significantly affect the proliferation of DU145 cells (P>0.05), but caused a a significant increase in their invasiveness (P<0.05). The RNA-seq analysis revealed that CBX8 knockdown led to the upregulation of 750 genes and the downregulation of 951 genes. Notably, branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 1 (BCAT1), a gene implicated in the metastasis of various types of cancers, showed a significant increase in expression following CBX8 knockdown. GSEA showed that the expression levels were of the affected genes were related to the functions of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1). A further investigation using GO and KEGG analyses identified several enriched pathways in the CBX8 knockdown cells, including transfer RNA (tRNA) aminoacylation, DNA replication, changes in aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity, and cadherin binding. Interestingly, in terms of cell component of GO functional analysis, cellsubstrate junction-related genes associated with tumor metastasis appeared to be enriched. ChIP-seq results showed a global decrease in H3K27me3 levels. Significantly, 97 reduced H3K27me3 peaks were found located nearby genes that were upregulated upon CBX8 knockdown, including the transcriptional start site of BCAT1. Conclusion·CBX8 is highly expressed in prostate cancer. CBX8 suppresses prostate cancer cell invasion, possibly by recruiting the transcriptional repressive PRC1 complex to the transcription site of BCAT1, thereby inhibiting BCAT1 transcription and tumor metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traditionally, the progression from compensated liver cirrhosis to decompensated liver cirrhosis has been considered an irreversible point in the natural history of the disease； however, with the suppression of underlying etiology, cure, and disease regression, this view is challenged by an increasing number of new evidence, and the idea of “recompensation of liver cirrhosis” is gradually being accepted. In recent years, scholars in China and globally have been exploring the specific definition of recompensation of liver cirrhosis and the clinical features of patients. By summarizing the recent studies on recompensation of liver cirrhosis in China and globally, integrating existing views, and analyzing related research evidence, this article points out the main challenges in the field of recompensation at this stage, including the lack of in－depth clinical and basic research, the need to define recompensation in the context of NAFLD, and related ethical issues, in order to provide new directions for future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nankai Business Review is the property of Nankai Business Review Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the relationship between preoperative prognostic nutrition index (PNI) and prognosis of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma and its predictive effect on postoperative recurrence and death. Methods: A total of 78 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma who received treatment in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were included. All patients had complete clinical data and pathological information, and they were reviewed and followed up in the outpatient department for 3 years. In addition to the lost cases, 76 patients were included, during the period, 43 patients recurred and 37 patients died. The 76 patients were divided into recurrence group (n=43) and non-recurrence group (n=33), death group (n=37) and survival group (n=39) according to the recurrence and death conditions. The independent risk factors affecting the recurrence and death of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy and optimal cutoff value of PNI in the postoperative recurrence and death of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Results: Univariate analysis showed that TNM stage, smoking years, diabetes, family history, PNI were the related factors affecting the postoperative recurrence of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05). Gender, age, TNM stage, BMI, smoking history, smoking years and PNI were the related factors affecting the postoperative death of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that TNM stage III, long smoking years and family history were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma, and PNI was protective factor (P<0.05). In addition, male, older age, TNM stage III, and longer smoking years were independent risk factors for postoperative death of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma, and PNI was the protective factor (P<0.05). ROC results showed that the area under curve of PNI in predicting postoperative recurrence of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma was 0.746 the sensitivity was 83.72%, the specificity was 63.64%, and the best cutoff value was less than or equal to 49.90. The area under curve of PNI in predicting postoperative survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma was 0.761, the sensitivity was 86.49%, the specificity was 66.67%, and the best cutoff value was less than or equal to 50.41. Conclusion: PNI has high predictive efficacy for postoperative recurrence and survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma, increasing PNI level has a positive effect on improving the prognosis of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics (1000-0364) is the property of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] This experiment was conducted to study the effects of malondialdehyde(MDA)on protein oxidation of soybean meal and the alleviation of tea polyphenols(TP). [Methods] Fresh soybean meal was divided into eight treatment groups, which was treated with 0,0.1,1 and 10 mmol·L-1 MDA, and also treated with 0,0.1,1 and 10 mmol·L-1 MDA and 0.6 mg·mL-1 TP, respectively, and the contents of carbonyl, sulfhydryl, and amino acid in soybean meal were determined. [Results]With the increasing concentration of MDA, the carbonyl content of soybean meal gradually increased(P<0.05),whereas the sulfhydryl and total sulfhydryl groups content, methionine, tyrosine, lysine contents, and in vitro digestibility of soybean meal protein decreased accordingly(P<0.05),the intrinsic fluorescence intensity of tryptophan increased first and then decreased, and its max peak was gradually blue-shifted, accompanied by an increase in the fluorescence intensity of Schiff base. In the oxidative group with the MDA concentration of 1 mmol·L-1, the carbonyl content in soybean meal significantly increased(P<0.05), the contents of sulfhydryl and total sulfhydryl groups significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the in vitro digestibility of soybean meal protein significantly decreased(P<0.01). In the high concentration MDA group (10 mmol·L-1),the carbonyl content in soybean meal significantly increased(P<0.01),and the contents of sulfhydryl and total sulfhydryl, the in vitro digestibility of soybean meal protein significantly decreased(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the methionine, tyrosine, lysine content in soybean meal were remarkably lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). TP addition could mitigate the increase of carbonyl content, the decrease of sulfhydryl and total sulfhydryl groups, the decrease of methionine content, the decrease of in vitro digestibility of soybean meal protein, the decrease of intrinsic fluorescence intensity of tryptophan and the increase of Schiff base content in soybean meal. [Conclusions]1 mmol·L-1MDA can trigger protein oxidation in soybean meal, resulting in a large change in the structure of soybean meal protein and the reduce in vitro digestibility of soybean meal protein. At this time,TP can effectively alleviate the MDA-induced protein oxidation in soybean meal and the reduced in vitro digestibility of soybean meal protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Synthetic Crystals is the property of Journal of Synthetic Crystals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 观察苦参碱对于人结肠癌细胞株HT-29增殖及p53蛋白表达的影响，探讨中药苦参治疗结肠癌的 作用机制。方法 选取人结肠癌细胞株 HT-29，用IL-6处理造模后加不同浓度苦参碱干预，并设置空白对照组，检 测IL-6处理模型组及不同浓度苦参碱干预各组HT-29细胞活力及p53蛋白表达情况。通过网络检索TCMSP、OMIM 和 Disgenet三个数据库得到苦参主要活性成分及对应疾病的靶点，运用 String数据库及 Cytoscape 软件将苦参对结 肠癌的潜在靶点构建PPI，将药物疾病共同基因导入Metasacpe数据平台进行GO和KEGG富集分析。结果 人结肠 癌细胞株 HT-29模型组细胞活力较空白组增强，p53蛋白表达水平下降；经苦参碱干预后各组细胞活力明显降低， p53蛋白表达水平增高。通过网络检索数据库共检索出苦参的45个有效成分和22个潜在作用靶点，检索出的治疗 通路主要有VEGF信号通路、癌症通路、晚期糖基化产物（AGE）-晚期糖基化终末产物受体（RAGE）信号通路等。结 论 苦参能抑制结肠癌细胞增殖，并提高抗肿瘤基因p53蛋白的表达；其机制为苦参中抗癌活性成分通过多种信号 通路作用于p53、IL-6、AKT1、PTGS2等靶点，从而对结肠癌起到干预作用。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics (1000-0364) is the property of Journal of Atomic & Molecular Physics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The photoelectric properties and bond lengths of 2D CuI with intrinsic defects are calculated based on density function theory, and the energy band structures, densities of states and complex dielectric functions a re analyzed in detail. The bandgap of intrinsic 2D CuI is 1. 56 eV, and it is a direct bandgap semiconductor material. The introduction of I and Cu defects reduce the bandgap of intrinsic 2D CuI, and the introduction of Cu defect does not change the bandgap mode of 2D CuI, while the 2D CuI modified by I defect becomes an indirect bandgap semi conductor. The results of optical properties showth at the static dielectric function of intrinsic 2D CuI is 2. 47, the introduction of I defect has little effect on the static dielectric function of 2D CuI, but the static dielectric function of 2D CuI increases sharply when Cu defect is present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Functional Materials / Gongneng Cailiao is the property of Chongqing Functional Materials Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)