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通过粗粒化分子动力学模拟，在高分子链与纳米棒间的不同相互作用强度、不同高分子链刚性，且在同时考虑单分散和双分散共混高分子链条件下，研究了高分子链在纳米棒界面区域的吸附行为。对于柔性环形高分子链，增强高分子链与纳米棒间的相互作用有利于提高纳米棒对高分子链的吸附。当高分子链与纳米棒间的相互作用强度较弱时，增强高分子链刚性会诱导高分子链套在纳米棒上形成规则的自组装结构。对环/线高分子链共混情况，当高分子链与纳米棒间的相互作用较弱时，随着链刚性的增强，环形高分子链优先占据纳米棒界面区域；当高分子链与纳米棒间的相互作用较强时，随着链刚性的增强，纳米棒界面区域由优先吸附环形高分子链转为优先吸附线形高分子链。研究结果有助于进一步了解高分子链与纳米棒的复合材料，为改善纳米复合材料的性能提供理论支持。

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[Objective] To explore the trade-off and synergistic relationship between land use and ecosystem services in Yidu City, and optimize this relationship through multi-scenario simulation.[Method]Multi-objective planning and patch generation land use simulation model (PLUS) were used to construct three future development scenarios.The land use structure, spatial layout and ecosystem service value of Yidu City under different scenarios in 2030 were evaluated using InVEST model. [Result] Under the scenario of low-carbon development, the land use structure of Yidu City was the most reasonable, the spatial layout was the most intensive, and the ecosystem service value was the highest. Compared to other scenarios, the low-carbon development scenario performed better in terms of coordination and sustainability between land use and ecosystem services. [Conclusion] The low-carbon development scenario provides the best coordination path between land use and ecosystem services in Yidu City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of cholesterol sulfate(CS)on the Hashimoto's thyroiditis mouse model. Methods Female NOD. H-2h4 mice were fed with 0.05% NaI in different periods and treated with CS by intraperitoneal injection for two consecutive weeks. HE staining was used to visualize and score the degree of lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid; serum levels of thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb), thyroxine(T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)were detected by ELISA. The proportions of B cells and Treg, Th17, Th1, and Th2 cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining flow cytometry. Results HE staining showed that the inflammatory score of thyroid tissue in mice after intraperitoneal injection of CS in the 8-week group and the 16-week group decreased significantly(P<0.05). In the 64-week group, there was no significant difference between the treatment group and the induction group(P=0.31). Serological analysis showed that after CS intervention, the levels of TgAb and TPOAb in mice induced by 0.05% NaI significantly lowered(P<0.05)in the 8-week group and the 16-week group, while thyroid function(TSH and T4 levels)of the mice changed significantly only in the 16-week group. Flow cytometry analysis showed that in the 8-week group, after CS intervention the proportions of B lymphocytes and Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells in mice were significantly changed(P<0.05). Conclusion CS has significant therapeutic and remission effects on the early and middle stages of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The mapping of soil properties based on mathematical model has the characteristics of high efficiency, high speed and low cost, which makes up for the deficiency of spatial interpolation which ignores the categorical or qualitative variables such as soil type, vegetation type and environmental factors closely related to soil properties. In order to improve the accuracy of soil properties mapping and reduce the influence of uncertain factors, it is a new idea to make rational use of categorical variables in continuous soil properties mapping. In this study, total carbon mapping of soil in Yushu City, Qinghai Province was taken as an example, and weighted variables were constructed by soil type, geomorphic type and other categorical variables together with DEM and NDVI respectively, to explore the feasibility and practicability of weighted variables in soil properties mapping. The results show as follows. (1) The total carbon content of the soil in Yushu City is 19.60—120.55 g·kg–1, the average is 55.80 g·kg–1, the standard deviation is 19.22 g·kg–1, and the coefficient of variation is 34.44%, which is a medium degree of spatial variability. (2) The weighted variable model is superior to the similar model established by the digital elevation model, slope, aspect and other conventional variables. The overall importance of weighted variable is higher than that of conventional variable. The importance of weighted variable constructed by geological type, soil type, vegetation type and DEM is much higher than that of DEM itself. (3) The all-variable multiple regression model is the best model to predict soil total carbon content. The cumulative importance of the weighted variables in the all-variable multiple regression model is 0.55, and the prediction results are in line with the geosciences law and actual situation in the study area. In conclusion, weighted variables are a new way to make effective use of classified variables, which provides a new method for obtaining soil properties mapping variables, and its feasibility and practicability have been verified to some extent in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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采用耗散粒子动力学模拟方法研究了刚柔三嵌段共聚物(coil-rod-coil，CRC)在溶剂环境下的自组装.通过观察C4R8C4共聚物囊泡结构形成的动力学过程，发现体系先自组装成球形或柱状胶束，然后逐渐融合为盘状结构，再进一步弯曲形变，形成闭合的双层膜囊泡结构.当共聚物浓度为6%〜25%时，C4R8C4自组装成不同尺寸的囊泡相，其均方半径〈D2〉随共聚物浓度的增加而增大，而双层膜厚度T基本保持不变.最后，改变溶剂性质，从亲棒到中性再到亲链，体系自组装结构从囊泡相转变为球形胶束相.尤其在等效的中性溶剂环境下，体系呈现层状结构，其中棒与棒嵌段呈高度有序的液晶相排列.

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采用耗散粒子动力学(DPD)模拟方法研究了向刚柔嵌段共聚物溶液中掺入均聚物的自组装行为，当掺入的刚性棒或柔性高分子链浓度不同时，由于刚性棒的取向性及柔性高分子链构象熵的变化，观察到了一系列丰富的相结构，如双层柱状、层状、层柱共混状、反转的空心柱状等.少量的均聚物和刚柔嵌段共聚物溶液共混后的密度分布显示，均聚物聚集于胶束相结构的中心.

采用耗散粒子动力学(DPD)模拟方法对两嵌段共聚物AmBn在本体和溶液中的自组装行为进行了研究.在本体情况下，对环形和线形两嵌段共聚物AmBn的相行为进行了系统的对比分析，观察了体系的有序-无序相转变规律，以及具体构型的相周期.在亲B选择性溶剂情况下，保持体系的浓度不变，改变环形两嵌段共聚物的链长，观察到了一系列丰富的相结构，有球状、圆盘状、片状、空心柱状、空心球状等.

采用Langevin dynamics方法对支化高分子链的穿孔行为进行了研究.通过研究一条高分子链上各个单体的进孔时间来判断支点的位置，从而预测出支化高分子链的支链位置.模拟研究发现：支化高分子链的平均穿孔时间τ与主链的长度N满足标度关系τ~Nα，其中标度系数α随着外场力F的增大而增大.同时还研究了支链数n对穿孔时间的影响，发现标度系数α的值随着n的增大有减小的趋势.通过对支化高分子链穿孔行为的研究从而加深对生物大分子穿孔行为的了解.

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采用耗散粒子动力学(DPD)方法研究了层状二嵌段共聚物与纳米棒共混体系的自组装行为.系统地考虑了棒的粒子数比、长度及棒与高分子间的相互作用等因素对混合体系自组装的影响.一系列的构型及相转变都是在共聚物的相分离与纳米棒的聚集相行为共同作用下的结果.当把纳米棒掺入到高分子体系时，从熵和焓的角度可以更本质地理解共混体系的自组装，尤其是棒的相行为.从焓方面，纳米棒与各高分子链段间相互作用决定了棒的分布；从熵方面，棒的各向异性、相区域的空间约束及高分子链的构象熵共同决定了棒的取向.

采用分子动力学(MD)方法研究了高分子单链受限在2块不可穿透的平行板之间且平行板内有均匀分布的障碍物时的扩散行为.模拟结果发现：分子链的链长N及障碍物间距d对高分子链扩散系数D影响很大.链越长（N越大），扩散越慢（D越小）；同时障碍物间距d越小，扩散越慢（D越小）.障碍物对高分子链的形状因子及链大小也有影响.障碍物间距d越小时，高分子链更接近棒状，链尺寸也较大.这些研究结果有助于全面了解高分子链在受限环境下的构象及动力学过程.

用耗散粒子动力学方法(DPD)研究了由两种不同成分组成的两嵌段共聚物组成的混合体系在纳米尺度下的自组装行为.两种嵌段共聚物的聚合度相同,在稳定状态下,纯嵌段共聚物1呈层状有序结构,纯嵌段共聚物2呈无序或六角柱状结构.DPD研究表明,在两者混合体系中,随着嵌段共聚物2体积分数的增加,嵌段共聚物1只出现了层状的有序相,而嵌段共聚物2则呈现出从球状相到柱状相再到层状有序相的有趣变化,随着嵌段共聚物2对称性的增强,其形成的有序相所占的体积分数区域越小.同时,通过混合体系单体密度分布曲线和末端距分布情况,从理论上分析了混合体系的微相分离与单体分布的细节.