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Patients with solid tumors have an increased risk of developing pneumonia during the management of tumor. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumonia in these patients have different characteristics compared to the general population, such as the correction of specific risk factors for pneumonia, the rational use of prophylactic antimicrobial drugs, the strategy of invasive sampling diagnostic techniques application, the differential diagnosis from anti-tumor treatment associated pulmonary adverse events, and the consideration of pathogens and drug resistance in empirical antimicrobial treatment. In order to standardize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pneumonia in patients with solid tumors, Oncology Respiratory Disease Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association initiated the "Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in patients with solid tumors (2024 edition)". Based on a review of the latest evidence in this field, the consensus provides diagnostic and treatment pathways as well as recommendations. This consensus applies to oncologists, pulmonologists, infectious disease physicians, surgeons, emergency medicine physicians, and general practice healthcare professionals involved in the management of solid tumors in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bladder cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in urology. According to statistics, there were 613 791 new cases of bladder cancer in the world in 2022, and the number of new cases of bladder cancer in China was approximately 92 900, accounting for approximately 15% of new cases of bladder cancer in the world, ranking 11th in the spectrum of malignant tumors in China, among which there are approximately 73 200 new cases in males, ranking 8th in the spectrum of male malignant tumors. Bladder urothelial cancer accounts for approximately 90% of all bladder malignant tumors. It can be divided into non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer according to whether it invades the bladder muscle layer. Radical cystectomy is the standard treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer patients and bacillus calmetteguerin (BCG) unresponsive high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Nevertheless, due to the patient's underlying diseases and the deterioration of the quality of life caused by surgery, many patients refused or are not suitable for radical cystectomy. Therefore, it is vital to find a bladder-preserving treatment that can achieve cure other than radical cystectomy. Bladder-preserving therapy that balances tumor control and quality of life serves as an alternative and supplement to radical cystectomy. This consensus is based on contemporary evidence-based medicine, combined with native clinical practice and experiences of bladder preservation in a multidisciplinary treatment manner. To some extent, this consensus serves as a guidance for bladder preservation of bladder cancer in China. The consensus aims to discuss issues including organizational structure and workflow of multidisciplinary treatment, the selection of patients for bladder-preserving therapy, treatment options and regimens, efficacy evaluation, follow-up, as well as regimen choices of recurrence after bladder-preserving therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women in the world. According to data from the World Health Organization, in 2020, there were approximately 2.26 million new breast cancer cases worldwide, accounting for 11.7% of all new cancer cases. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and gene detection technology, the research on advanced breast cancer continues to deepen, and the treatment methods are constantly enriched. Gene targeted therapy significantly prolongs the survival period of patients with advanced breast cancer, which is of great significance for molecular pathological diagnosis, targeted drug selection and treatment mode optimization of patients with advanced breast cancer. Based on the development of literature and clinical research, the consensus expert committee formulated the "Expert consensus on clinical application of next-generation sequencing in advanced breast cancer (2024 edition)". Compared with the "Chinese Expert Consensus on Hot Issues of Gene Testing for Advanced breast cancer (2021)", the 2024 consensus adopts new evidence-based medical evidence, aiming to provide more comprehensive gene testing information for patients with advanced breast cancer, so as to develop more accurate treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is the malignant tumour with the highest morbidity and mortality rate in China, among which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main pathological type of lung cancer, accounting for about 80% to 85%. Radical surgery is the standard treatment for early-stage NSCLC, but postoperative recurrence is an inevitable problem in clinical practice. Adding perioperative chemotherapy to surgery can only increase the 5-year overall survival rate by about 5%. There is an urgent need for better systemic treatments. In recent years, immunotherapeutic drugs, represented by PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, have brought breakthroughs from subsequent-line treatment to front-line treatment for NSCLC. Several Phase Ⅲ studies on perioperative immunotherapy have shown that adding immunotherapy during the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment can significantly improve survival outcomes for patients, leading to the development of a new standard treatment for resectable NSCLC. In January 2024, the first PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (Toripalimab) were approved for perioperative treatment of NSCLC in China, starting a new era of perioperative immunotherapy. At present, there is still a lack of unified consensus on the application of perioperative immunotherapy at all levels of medical institutions. In order to provide diagnostic and treatment guidance for clinicians, promote the standardization of clinical practice for immunotherapy in resectable NSCLC, and clarify the controversial opinions regarding perioperative immunotherapy, Lung Cancer Expert Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association, Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group and Lung Cancer Expert Committee of the Chinese Medical Association Oncology Society jointly published this Consensus and Controversy to provide a guidance for the standardized management of perioperative immunotherapy for NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Management of Medium Vessel Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke 2024 is a summary and analysis conducted by experts organized by the Chinese Interventional Neuroradiology Society of Chinese Stroke Association, based on recent advancements and new evidence-based medical findings in the field of endovascular treatment for acute intracranial medium vessel occlusion. This consensus covers the definition of intracranial medium vessels, the incidence, prognosis, diagnosis, intravenous thrombolysis/intra-arterial thrombolysis, endovascular treatment, and specific techniques of endovascular treatment. The aim is to provide guidance for professionals and social workers engaged in stroke prevention and treatment, especially those specializing in endovascular treatment, nursing, and rehabilitation of acute ischemic stroke, as well as relevant governmental agencies, healthcare administrators, pharmaceutical companies, healthcare demand parties, and other stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a vascular neuro-ophthalmic emergency that causes a rapid decline or even loss of vision in one eye after onset. It also significantly increases the risk of acute ischemic vascular events (such as stroke, and acute myocardial infarction), death, and ocular neovascularization (ONV). CRAO is regarded as a special type of acute ischemic stroke, and there are still controversies in its clinical diagnosis and treatment, especially significant differences among physicians with different professional backgrounds. Therefore, it is particularly urgent and necessary to formulate and implement the consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRAO that aligns with China’s national circumstances. By referring to international guidelines for CRAO management and practice patterns, conducting systematic literature searches, and combining with China’s national circumstances, we formulated the draft of the Expert Consensus on Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in China (hereinafter referred to as the consensus). After the core expert group deliberated and revised many times, this consensus was finally formed. This consensus provides a detailed and comprehensive explanation of CRAO’s epidemiology, anatomy and pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, classification, the natural course of the disease, factors affecting vision recovery, first contact departments, rapid assessment, treatment (including conservative treatment, etiological treatment, intravenous thrombolysis, and intra-arterial thrombolysis), risk of vascular events (including acute ischemic vascular events and death), risk and treatment of secondary ONV, secondary prevention and scientific management, in order to improve the overall management level of CRAO in our country. When clinicians apply this consensus, it is recommended to provide individualized diagnosis and treatment based on the actual condition of the patient and the specific circumstances of the clinic. All medical staff should always adhere to the concept that “time is vision” and refer CRAO patients to the nearest comprehensive stroke center with CRAO diagnosis and treatment capabilities as soon as possible, striving to maximize the improvement of patients’ vision and reduce the risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autologous skin grafting is a commonly used technique in trauma repair. However, there is currently no unified standard or operational protocol for this procedure. Different hospitals and medical teams often rely on their own experience and habits, resulting in varying rates of skin graft survival. To standardize the operation of autologous skin grafting and improve graft survival, the expert group has developed clinical practice recommendations based on advances in wound treatment both domestically and internationally, as well as relevant evidence from evidence-based medicine. These recommendations cover six key areas: wound bed preparation, graft preparation, skin suturing and fixation, grafting with different goals (either to close the wound or restore function), grafting for special sites, and perioperative management. The recommendations are based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) grading system and provide a standardized clinical practice guide for medical professionals involved in wound repair, burn and plastic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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视网膜中央动脉阻塞（central retinal artery occlusion，CRAO）是一种血管神经眼科急症，发病后可导致患者单眼视力急骤下降甚至丧失，显著增加急性缺血性血管事件（如卒中、急性心肌梗死）、死亡和眼部新生血管等发生风险。CRAO被视为急性缺血性卒中的一种特殊类型，临床诊疗仍存在争议，尤其是不同专业背景的医师对CRAO的临床诊疗存在显著差异。因此，制定并推行符合我国国情的CRAO临床诊疗共识显得尤为迫切和必要。我们通过参考国际CRAO管理说明和实践模式，进行系统性文献检索，结合我国国情，制定了《中国视网膜中央动脉阻塞临床诊疗专家共识》（以下简称共识）初稿。经过核心专家组多次审议修订后，最终形成此共识。本共识围绕CRAO的流行病学、解剖及发病机制、危险因素、临床表现、辅助检查、分型、自然病程、视力恢复影响因素、首诊科室、快速评估、治疗（包括保守治疗、对因治疗、静脉溶栓和动脉内溶栓）、血管事件风险（包括急性缺血性血管事件、死亡）、继发眼部新生血管风险与治疗、二级预防和科学管理等方面进行详细且全面的阐述，旨在提高我国CRAO的整体管理水平。临床医师应用此共识时，建议根据患者的实际病情和诊疗中心的具体情况进行个体化诊疗。所有医疗人员要始终坚持“时间就是视觉”理念，尽快将CRAO患者转诊至就近的、具有CRAO诊疗能力的综合卒中中心进行诊治，争取最大限度地改善患者视力，减少并发症发生风险。 Abstract: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a vascular neuro-ophthalmic emergency that causes a rapid decline or even loss of vision in one eye after onset. It also significantly increases the risk of acute ischemic vascular events (such as stroke, and acute myocardial infarction), death, and ocular neovascularization (ONV). CRAO is regarded as a special type of acute ischemic stroke, and there are still controversies in its clinical diagnosis and treatment, especially significant differences among physicians with different professional backgrounds. Therefore, it is particularly urgent and necessary to formulate and implement the consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRAO that aligns with China’s national circumstances. By referring to international guidelines for CRAO management and practice patterns, conducting systematic literature searches, and combining with China’s national circumstances, we formulated the draft of the Expert Consensus on Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in China (hereinafter referred to as the consensus). After the core expert group deliberated and revised many times, this consensus was finally formed. This consensus provides a detailed and comprehensive explanation of CRAO’s epidemiology, anatomy and pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, classification, the natural course of the disease, factors affecting vision recovery, first contact departments, rapid assessment, treatment (including conservative treatment, etiological treatment, intravenous thrombolysis, and intra-arterial thrombolysis), risk of vascular events (including acute ischemic vascular events and death), risk and treatment of secondary ONV, secondary prevention and scientific management, in order to improve the overall management level of CRAO in our country. When clinicians apply this consensus, it is recommended to provide individualized diagnosis and treatment based on the actual condition of the patient and the specific circumstances of the clinic. All medical staff should always adhere to the concept that “time is vision” and refer CRAO patients to the nearest comprehensive stroke center with CRAO diagnosis and treatment capabilities as soon as possible, striving to maximize the improvement of patients’ vision and reduce the risk of complications.

《急性缺血性卒中中等血管闭塞管理中国专家共识2024》是由中国卒中学会神经介入分会组织专家根据近年来血管内治疗急性颅内中等血管闭塞领域研究的新进展和新的循证医学证据进行的分析和总结。此次共识编写涵盖颅内中等血管的定义，中等血管闭塞的发病率、预后、诊断、静脉/动脉溶栓治疗、血管内治疗以及具体的血管内治疗技术等内容，旨在为从事卒中防治尤其是急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗、护理及康复的相关专业人员和社会工作者，以及政府相关管理机构、卫生事业管理人员、医药企业、卫生保健需求方和其他利益相关者提供指导意见。 Abstract: Chinese Expert Consensus on the Management of Medium Vessel Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke 2024 is a summary and analysis conducted by experts organized by the Chinese Interventional Neuroradiology Society of Chinese Stroke Association, based on recent advancements and new evidence-based medical findings in the field of endovascular treatment for acute intracranial medium vessel occlusion. This consensus covers the definition of intracranial medium vessels, the incidence, prognosis, diagnosis, intravenous thrombolysis/intra-arterial thrombolysis, endovascular treatment, and specific techniques of endovascular treatment. The aim is to provide guidance for professionals and social workers engaged in stroke prevention and treatment, especially those specializing in endovascular treatment, nursing, and rehabilitation of acute ischemic stroke, as well as relevant governmental agencies, healthcare administrators, pharmaceutical companies, healthcare demand parties, and other stakeholders.

动脉粥样硬化性脑血管病疾病负担沉重，严重危害我国人民健康，是亟待解决的疾病问题之一，但目前我国尚未对动脉粥样硬化性脑血管病统一术语。《中英文标准化动脉粥样硬化性脑血管病术语中国专家共识》参考国内国际临床指南、本领域国际权威共识等内容，基于动脉粥样硬化性脑血管病的诊断、治疗、分型、并发症等10个类别扩增中英文术语，将为动脉粥样硬化性脑血管病术语的制定提供标准化的建议和指导，以推动我国动脉粥样硬化性脑血管病信息形成统一共识，促进其与国际接轨。 Abstract: Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently because of its heavy burden and serious harm to people’s health. However, the academic community in China hasn’t unified terminology for atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. The Chinese Expert Consensus on Standardized Bilingual Terminology for Atherosclerotic Cerebrovascular Disease draws upon domestic and international clinical guidelines, and international authoritative consensus statements in the field to expand bilingual terminology based on ten key categories such as the diagnosis, treatment, classification, and complications of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. The development of this consensus will provide standardized recommendations and guidance for the formulation of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease terminology, thereby promoting the formation of a unified consensus on atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease information in China and being geared to international standards.

Jigucao capsules, consisting of ten kinds of traditional Chinese medicines: Panax notoginseng, Artificial bezoar, Maojigucao, Gardeniae fructus and Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, possesses the effects of soothing the liver and disinhibiting the gallbladder, clearing heat and removing toxin. Jigucao capsules is widely used in the treatment of cholecystitis in clinical practice. Relevant researches have shown that Jigucao capsules alone or in combination with Western medicine could improve the clinical signs and symptoms of patients with cholecystitis, with significant clinical efficacy. In order to enable clinicians in primary medical institutions to use Muxiang Shunqi pills more scientifically and safely, Expert Consensus on Jigucao Capsules in the Treatment of Cholecystitis in Primary Care was jointly drafted by relevant experts from Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care. Based on the questionnaire survey and literature review of clinical experts, the consensus adopts the GRADE system and fully combined with expert experience to form recommendations or consensus recommendations through the Nominal Group Technique. This consensus clarifies the indications, key points of diagnosis and treatment, usage and dosage, course of treatment, and safety of Jigucao capsules in the treatment of cholecystitis, which is suitable for Chinese clinicians, Western clinicians, general clinicians and clinical pharmacists in hospitals of various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hudi enteric capsules, consisting of four kinds of traditional Chinese medicines: Zhushaqi, Polygoni cuspidati rhizoma et radix, Hedyotis diffusae herba, Beibaijiang, Ersebuxuecao, Diyu (Tan), Bletilla striata (Thunb. Ex A. Murray)Rchb. F., and licorice, possesses the effects of clearing heat, removing dampness and cooling blood. Hudi enteric capsules is widely used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis of dampness-heat accumulation syndrome. Hudi enteric capsules is used for non-specific ulcerative colitis of dampness-heat accumulation syndrome, with symptoms of abdominal pain, bacterial dysentery, the symptoms are acute and severe. Relevant studies have shown that the use of Hudi enteric capsules alone or in combination with Western medicine can improve the clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitis, with significant efficacy. In order to enable clinicians in primary medical institutions to use Hudi enteric capsules more scientifically and safely, Expert Consensus on Hudi Enteric Capsules in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Primary Care was jointly drafted by relevant experts from Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care. Based on the questionnaire survey and literature review of clinical experts, the consensus adopts the GRADE system and fully combined with expert experience to form recommendations or consensus recommendations through the Nominal Group Technique. This consensus clarifies the indications, key points of diagnosis and treatment, usage and dosage, course of treatment, drug combination, and safety of Hudi enteric capsules in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, which is suitable for Chinese clinicians, Western clinicians, general clinicians and clinical pharmacists in hospitals of various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Huantong Zhixie soft capsules, consisting of four kinds of traditional Chinese medicines: Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Citrus Reticulata and Saposhnikoviae Radix, possesses the effects of soothing the liver, nourishing the spleen, relieving pain, and stopping diarrhea. It is widely used in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Relevant studies showed that the clinical symptoms of IBS-D could be improved by using Huantong Zhixie soft capsules alone, combined with other Chinese and Western medicine and non-drug therapy, and the efficacy was significant. In order to better guide the safe and effective use of Huantong Zhixie soft capsules for primary physicians and guide the rational use of clinical drugs, Expert Consensus on Huantong Zhixie Soft Capsules in the Treatment of Diarrhoeal-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in Primary Care was jointly drafted by relevant experts in related fields from Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care. Based on the questionnaire survey and literature review of clinical experts, the consensus adopts the GRADE system and fully combined with expert experience to form recommendations or consensus recommendations through the Nominal Group Technique. This consensus clarifies the indications, key points of diagnosis and treatment, usage and dosage, course of treatment, drug combination, and safety of Huantong Zhixie soft capsules in the treatment of IBS-D, which is suitable for Chinese clinicians, Western clinicians, general clinicians and clinical pharmacists in hospitals of various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muxiang Shunqi pills, consisting of eleven traditional Chinese medicines: Aucklandiae radix, Amomum aurantiacum H. T. Tsai Et S. W. Zhao, Cyperi rhizome, Arecae semen, licorice, Citrus reticulata, Magnolia officinalis rehd Et Wils, Aurantii fructus, Atractylodes lancea ( Thunb. ) Dc., Citri reticulatae pericarpium viride and Zingiber officinale roscoe, possesses the effects of promoting Qi circulation to remove dampness, and strengthening the spleen and stomach. Muxiang Shunqi pills is widely used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. A large number of studies have confirmed that Muxiang Shunqi pills can effectively relieve the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease, with significant therapeutic effect, whether it is used alone or combined with other Chinese and Western medicines. In order to enable clinicians in primary medical institutions to use Muxiang Shunqi pills more scientifically and safely, Expert Consensus on Muxiang Shunqi Pills in Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Primary Care was jointly drafted by relevant experts from Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care. Based on the questionnaire survey and literature review of clinical experts, the consensus adopts the GRADE system and fully combined with expert experience to form recommendations or consensus recommendations through the Nominal Group Technique. This consensus clarifies the indications, key points of diagnosis and treatment, usage and dosage, course of treatment, drug combination, and safety of Muxiang Shunqi pills in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is suitable for Chinese clinicians, Western clinicians, general clinicians and clinical pharmacists in hospitals of various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and highly disabling psychiatric disorder with a significant lifetime prevalence. It severely impacts the quality of patients' life and imposes a substantial burden on families and society. Despite adequate pharmacological and psychological treatment, 10% 20% of patients show insufficient therapeutic response and are classified as refractory OCD. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a minimally invasive, reversible, and adjustable neuromodulation technique, has been approved by several international regulatory agencies for the treatment of refractory OCD and has been recommended in several clinical guidelines and expert consensus. Currently, multiple medical centers in China have performed DBS surgery for refractory OCD. However, there remains a lack of unified guidelines or standards for clinical practice. Therefore, experts from the fields of functional neurosurgery and psychiatry, based on their clinical experience and both domestic and international research, have jointly formulated this consensus. The aim is to standardize the procedures for DBS therapy, ensuring its scientific, safe, and effective application in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

非小细胞肺癌（non‑small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）放疗联合免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs）治疗是当前临床研究的一大热点。对于不可手术切除的Ⅲ期NSCLC, 放化疗后序贯ICIs已经成为一线标准治疗。 然而, 对于PD‑L1表达较低、存在特定基因突变或难以耐受放化疗的患者群体, 其治疗效果不确定, 需要个体化评估。对 于早期或转移性 NSCLC, 立体定向放射治疗（stereotactic body radiotherapy, SBRT）联合 ICIs显示出一定的获益趋势, 但 仍存在争议, 尚需进一步临床研究数据证实。针对目前NSCLC放疗联合ICIs存在的主要问题, 包括适应证的选择与优 化、放化疗后序贯ICIs的疗效及其优化策略、SBRT联合ICIs在早期和转移性NSCLC中的应用潜力、放疗与ICIs联合治疗 过程中的质量控制、不良反应的管理与个体化风险评估等, 中国抗癌协会整合肿瘤学分会、中国抗癌协会肿瘤标志专业 委员会组织领域内的相关专家撰写本共识, 对这些关键问题给出了推荐意见, 旨在为临床实践提供指导。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

体重管理已成为糖尿病患者综合管理的重要组成内容和基础。糖尿病患者需及早进行 体重评估并进行积极管理, 以期实现体重管理的广泛获益。生活方式干预、药物和代谢手术, 是目前 超重或肥胖糖尿病患者体重管理的主要手段。具有体重获益的降糖药物, 尤其是新一代肠促胰素类 药物的问世, 为糖尿病患者的体重管理带来新希望。为进一步规范糖尿病患者的体重管理, 内分泌代 谢科肥胖诊疗联盟邀请国内相关领域的专家, 依据体重管理的最新理念与循证证据共同撰写了《糖尿 病患者体重管理专家共识（2024版）》, 从对超重肥胖的全面评估、个性化减重目标的设定以及分层管 理策略等多个层面分别给出推荐意见, 以期为临床诊疗中糖尿病患者的体重管理提供全面指导, 帮助 糖尿病患者实现体重管理的持续获益。. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men, and radical prostatectomy (RP) is the primary treatment method for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. However, due to surgical trauma, patients undergoing RP often face postoperative complications such as sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence, leading to varying degrees of decline in quality of life. Currently, there is a lack of standardized clinical guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation in these patients. To address this issue, the present consensus was developed using evidence-based medicine approaches, including a thorough review and evaluation of relevant literature, quality grading, and evidence synthesis. An initial draft was created and subsequently refined through expert meetings, discussions and Delphi surveys. This process involved three rounds of consultations with 29 experts from 24 different hospitals across various specialties, including urology, oncology, rehabilitation medicine, nutrition and psychology. The results were systematically summarized under the guidance of the Committee of Integrated Rehabilitation for Urogenital Tumors, Chinese AntiCancer Association, culminating in the formulation of the “Chinese expert consensus on perioperative integrated rehabilitation for radical prostatectomy (2024 edition)”. This consensus aimed to provide standardized integrated rehabilitation recommendations for patients undergoing RP, with the goals of improving postoperative recovery efficiency and reducing the impact of both short- and long-term complications on survival and quality of life. The consensus has been registered on Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy (PREPARE) with the registration number PREPARE-2024CN666. The consensus covers several key areas, including comprehensive perioperative assessment, application of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) principles, management and treatment of common postoperative complications, and psychological and social support for patients. Regarding perioperative assessment, the consensus emphasizes a thorough evaluation of patients’ physical and psychological conditions before surgery, including nutritional status, pelvic floor function and psychological state, to develop individualized rehabilitation plans and optimize preoperative preparation, thereby laying a solid foundation for postoperative recovery. The application of ERAS principles includes reducing preoperative fasting and fluid restrictions, improving perioperative management, providing preoperative education, and implementing psychological interventions, all of which effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and accelerate recovery. For common postoperative complications such as urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction, the consensus recommends various rehabilitation measures, including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and biofeedback therapy, to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Additionally, the consensus underscores the importance of psychological and social support, advising comprehensive support for patients in the postoperative period. The publication of this consensus provides clinical practitioners with standardized guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation, which can enhance the recovery efficiency of patients undergoing RP, reduce the incidence of complications, and significantly improve the quality of life. As more clinical studies are conducted in the future, the content of this consensus will be continuously validated and refined, offering more comprehensive and personalized rehabilitation guidance for prostate cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 2% to 3% of malignant tumors in adults, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1.5∶1 worldwide. It can occur in all age groups, with a peak incidence in the 60-70 age range, and the median age is approximately 64 years. The current causes of kidney cancer are still unclear, but smoking, obesity, hypertension, and some genetic factors are considered risk factors for kidney cancer development. Conducive to the gradual popularization of physical examination and screening, more and more patients with kidney cancer are being detected and treated in the early stages. However, nearly 30% of patients still have locally advanced or metastatic kidney cancer at the time of initial diagnosis. Traditional chemotherapy drugs are generally ineffective for advanced RCC, and currently, advanced RCC is mainly treated with anti-vascular and immunotherapy. At present, first-line treatment is mostly stratified based on clinical characteristics such as International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC) prognosis risk, and there are multiple options available, including anti vascular therapy, anti-vascular combined immunotherapy, and dual immunotherapy. Subsequently, first-line treatment often selects drugs based on the composition, effectiveness, and safety of first-line treatment plans. In recent years, research has found that the molecular typing and metastasis characteristics of RCC also affect the prognosis of patients, leading to many controversies in the treatment of advanced RCC. This consensus is guided by the controversial clinical issues in the management of advanced RCC. After discussion and voting by multidisciplinary clinical experts, a consensus of 10 clinical issues has been reached. At the same time, experts recommend domestic clinical and research institutions to lead or participate in more large-scale clinical trials, providing more basis for clinical decision-making and the selection of the best beneficiaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

子宫癌肉瘤是一种高度侵袭性肿瘤, 预后较差。2020年, 中国医师协会微无创医学专业委员会妇科肿瘤专业委 员会（学组), 中国优生科学协会生殖道疾病诊治分会, 中国优生科学协会肿瘤生殖学分会组织领域内相关专家撰写了 《子宫癌肉瘤诊治中国专家共识（2020 年版)》, 为该疾病的临床诊治提供指导。本共识在原共识的基础上, 结合近年来 国内外研究进展及我国临床实践, 就该病的概况、临床特征、临床诊断与分期、治疗等内容进行更新和补充。本共识建 议, 子宫癌肉瘤需要更积极的综合规范治疗, 并参考分子特征进行分层管理, 以改善患者的预后；推荐所有子宫癌肉瘤 患者进行 HER2 检测, HER2 高表达的复发性子宫癌肉瘤患者推荐靶向 HER2 的抗体偶联药物。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently because of its heavy burden and serious harm to people’s health. However, the academic community in China hasn't unified terminology for atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. The Chinese Expert Consensus on Standardized Bilingual Terminology for Atherosclerotic Cerebrovascular Disease draws upon domestic and international clinical guidelines, and international authoritative consensus statements in the field to expand bilingual terminology based on ten key categories such as the diagnosis, treatment, classification, and complications of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. The development of this consensus will provide standardized recommendations and guidance for the formulation of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease terminology, thereby promoting the formation of a unified consensus on atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease information in China and being geared to international standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Cancer Biotherapy is the property of Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Cancer Biotherapy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

脑出血（intracerebral hemorrhage，ICH）的急性期治疗一直是备受关注的话题。2024年来自多个国家的ICH专家在Stroke杂志上发布了急性自发性ICH的早期综合管理方案——Code ICH。该专家共识围绕ICH的急性期脑损伤机制、早期一体化诊治方案及未来研究方向提出了详细的推荐意见。本文将对该专家共识进行解读。 Abstract: The acute treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has long been a focus of attention. In 2024, ICH experts from multiple countries have proposed the early comprehensive management plan for acute spontaneous ICH, termed Code ICH, which was published in Stroke. The expert consensus provided detailed recommendations on the brain injury mechanism of acute phase, early integrated diagnosis and treatment strategies, and future research directions for ICH. This paper will interpret and analyze the expert consensus.

This paper aims to interpret the 2024 edition of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Neonates and Infants with Coarctation, and to discuss the differences between these guidelines and the domestic expert consensus. The guidelines provide a series of recommendations for the surgical management of isolated coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in neonates and infants based on a systematic review of the literature. These recommendations include preferred treatment methods, timing of surgery, surgical techniques and approaches, repair techniques and strategies, and methods of neuroprotec tion. Compared to the domestic consensus, the STS guidelines show significant differences in surgical indications, methods, techniques and strategies, timing of treatment, and terminology. The STS guidelines place more emphasis on the standardization of surgical methods and individualized treatment, while the domestic consensus highlights the importance of emergency surgical indications and early surgery. The findings of this paper provide valuable reference for domestic clinicians and contribute to the improvement and development of diagnostic and therapeutic standards for isolated CoA in neonates and infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

177Lu-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (177Lu-PSMA-RLT) is an innovative treatment approach that precisely delivers β radiation emitted by 177Lu to prostate cancer cells, causing radiation damage to the tumor cells’ DNA and thereby eliminating the tumor. At present, it has been recommended for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by many international and national authoritative guidelines and consensuses. However, there are no published clinical practice path and medication specifications for diagnosis and treatment in China. Therefore, the consensus was jointly initiated by Cancer Nuclear Medicine Committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Chinese Association of Nuclear Medicine Physicians. Physicians from these two committees combined the existing results of 177Lu-PSMA-RLT registration study, real world data domestic and international clinical experience of radionuclide treatment, and gave recommendations in terms of indications, screening adverse reactions, follow-up and radiation safety by taking different levels of evidence as reference according to clinical evidence levels and grades of recommendation from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. The purpose of this consensus was to provide physicians with reference for clinical application in the practice of 177Lu-PSMA-RLT for the treatment of prostate cancer based on existing evidence and lay the foundation for the development of subsequent industry-related guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bone-modifying agents are a class of drugs that alleviate a series of bone-related events such as pain, pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, and hypercalcemia caused by bone metastases, and currently include bisphosphonates and RANKL inhibitors. Due to the widespread use of bone-modifying agents, the adverse effects of them are gradually increasing and affecting patients' quality of life. The Breast Cancer Group, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the International Medical Society, Chinese Anti-Cancer Association have organized relevant experts to focus on the treatment of bone metastases of advanced malignant tumors based on evidence-based medicine, discuss the management of adverse reactions to bone-modifying agents and form the consensus. Based on the first Expert Consensus on Safety Management of Bone-modifying Agents in China, this consensus added the definition of osteonecrosis of the jaw related to bone-modifying agents, the occurrence of adverse reactions of bone-modifying drugs reported in the literature, and summarized the clinical experience of clinicians in the management of adverse reactions in practice in recent years, and ultimately, the expert group members discussed and proposed reasonable suggestions to guide clinicians in the safety management of bone-modifying agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的：制定虚拟现实（virtual reality，VR）技术应用于言语功能康复的专家共识，为言语功能障碍患者的VR康复提 供指导意见。 方法：由国家科技部重点研发计划（2018YFC2001600）项目组牵头制定，组成康复医学、神经科学、中医学、工程学、 人工智能等多学科专家团队。经多轮会议讨论，结合项目研发经验和循证医学方法学，系统检索临床研究数据并评 价证据质量，制订共识内容。 结果：本共识聚焦于VR技术应用于言语功能的康复评估和康复治疗，内容包含VR言语康复的应用对象范围、基于 VR技术的言语康复内容要求、不良反应、康复流程以及临床应用推荐。 结论：本共识为VR技术在言语功能康复领域提供了系统化和标准化的指导，促进技术应用和临床实践的推广，为 相关研究和实践提供了重要依据. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of malignant tumors has steadily increased year by year in China in recent decades. The emergence of innovative anti-cancer drugs has bolstered the prognosis of cancer patients, making it a chronic disease. Kidney injuries are frequent complications of cancer treatment clinically manifested as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), proteinuria, and electrolyte disorders, etc. Although kidney injuries affect up to 50% of the patients, there is a lack of professional management guidance for anti-cancer drug dosage adjustment. The clinical pharmacology branch of the Chinese Medical Association has initiated the "Chinese expert consensus on the guidance of anti-tumor drugs for patients with tumor combined chronic kidney disease (2024 edition)". We unified national multidisciplinary experts to analyze clinical evidence with the Delphi method, and conducted expert interviews and seminars focusing on kidney function assessment, anti-tumor drug dosage adjustment for kidney disease patients. We make recommendations on selection and dose adjustment of anti-tumor drugs (chemotherapy, small molecules and antibodies) according to chemotherapeutic drug classifications, providing practical and feasible scientific guidance for clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has entered an aging society. The results of the seventh national population census released in 2021 show that the population aged 60 and above accounts for 18.7%, approximately 264 million people. The prevalence of osteoporosis in the population aged 65 and above in China is as high as 32%, characterized by high incidence, high treatment costs, high disability and mortality rates, seriously endangering the quality of life and life expectancy of the elderly population. At present, there is insufficient specialized construction in osteoporosis in China, which cannot meet the growing demand for osteoporosis prevention and control. There is an urgent need for standardized guidance documents to further meet the social requirements for osteoporosis prevention and control. Based on this, the China Health Promotion Foundation organized domestic experts in osteoporosis, geriatric diseases, and related fields to consult a large number of domestic and foreign literature, as well as the latest research results, reference professional guidelines, and consensus in this field. Combined with specific clinical practices in China, after multiple discussions and revisions, this expert consensus was written with the aim of improving the comprehensive management level and clinical service capacity of osteoporosis specialty construction in medical institutions in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

脑小血管病（small vessel disease，SVD）是一类以脑内小血管受损为主的临床影像综合征，可能会导致卒中、血管性认知障碍、神经心理疾病与其他功能障碍等。自2013年血管性神经病变的影像报告标准（standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging，STRIVE）发布以来，SVD的神经影像学特征得到了初步的分类与标准化。然而，在临床实践与科学研究中，对SVD影像特征的认识和应用仍存在诸多不一致和不规范之处。随着对SVD病理生理机制的深入探索与影像技术的不断进步，新的SVD影像特征和定量标志物被相继发现，为SVD的诊断和评估提供了更为全面且精准的信息。在此基础上，STRIVE-2应运而生，以期能更全面地揭示SVD对脑功能与结构的影响。为了规范中国SVD的神经影像学评估和诊断，本共识将在STRIVE-2的基础上，结合中国具体国情，对SVD的神经影像学特征进行深入解读，旨在推动SVD影像学诊断术语的标准化，提高临床诊断的准确性，进一步促进相关领域的研究与进步。 Abstract: Small vessel disease (SVD) is a clinical and imaging syndrome characterized by damage to small blood vessels in the brain, which can lead to stroke, vascular cognitive impairment, neuropsychological diseases, and other functional impairments. Since the publication of the standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging (STRIVE) in 2013, the neuroimaging features of SVD have been preliminarily classified and standardized. However, there are still inconsistencies and lack of standardization in the understanding and application of SVD imaging features in clinical practice and scientific research. With the deepening exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms of SVD and the continuous advancement of imaging technology, new imaging features and quantitative biomarkers of SVD have been discovered, providing more comprehensive and accurate information for the diagnosis and assessment of SVD. Based on this, the STRIVE-2 has been developed to comprehensively reveal the effects of SVD on brain function and structure. In order to standardize the neuroimaging evaluation and diagnosis of SVD in China, this consensus will provide a detailed interpretation of the neuroimaging features of SVD based on the STRIVE-2, combined with the specific national conditions of China, aiming to promote the standardization of the terms of SVD imaging diagnosis, improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis, and further promote the research and progress in related fields.

目的：制定虚拟现实（virtual reality，VR）技术应用于感觉-运动功能康复的专家共识，为感觉运动功能障碍患者的 VR康复提供指导意见。 方法：本共识由科技部国家重点研发计划（2018YFC2001600）项目组牵头组织康复医学、工程学、人工智能等多学科 专家，经过多轮专家调研、会议讨论，并在循证医学方法学的指导下，通过系统检索临床研究数据、评价临床证据及 判断证据质量，再经讨论后制订。 结果：本共识聚焦于VR技术应用于感觉运动功能的康复评估和康复治疗，内容包含VR感觉运动康复的适应证、禁 忌证和不良反应、基于VR技术的感觉运动康复的内容要求、康复流程以及临床应用推荐，为感觉运动功能障碍患 者的VR康复提供指导意见。 结论：本共识的制定为VR技术在感觉运动功能康复领域的应用提供了系统化和标准化的指导，有助于促进相关技 术的进一步发展和临床实践的推广。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅷ is the first-line treatment for hemophilia A recommended by authoritative guidelines. Various recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅷ have the same mechanism of action, which can temporarily replace the missing clotting factor Ⅷ that is needed for effective hemostasis in patients. There are differences in economy, pharmaceutical characteristics and other attributes. Therefore, pharmaceutical and clinical experts are organized by the Pharmacovigilance Professional Committee of Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association to formulate the Expert Consensus on Evaluation and Selection of Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor Ⅷ in Guangdong. Multi-dimensional evaluation on 6 kinds of recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅷ marketed in China are carried out from five aspects: pharmaceutical characteristics, efficacy, safety, economy and other attributes, so as to provide scientific basis for drug selection in medical institutions and promotes rational drug use in clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (OAML) is a common malignant tumor that affects the ocular adnexal region. The incidence of OAML is increasing due to the aging population. The tumor invades the ocular adnexal region, which can result in abnormal ocular appearance and function, thereby reducing the quality of life. Currently, there is no standardized diagnosis and management guideline for OAML. To enhance the standardization of diagnosis and management in OAML, a collaborative effort was undertaken by esteemed organizations in China. The Cellular Immune Therapy Committee of China Association for Promotion of Health Science and Technology, the Ocular Tumor Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association for Ophthalmologist Branch, the Imaging Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare, the Tumor and Microecology Professional Committee of China Anti-cancer Association, and the Lymphoma Immunotherapy Committee of Beijing Cancer Prevention Society jointly convened a panel of experts to develop the inaugural "Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (2023 edition)". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

躯干稳定性是脊髓损伤患者完成日常生活活动的前提和基础。躯干控制训练对脊髓损伤的治疗作用日益显 著，为提高康复疗效提供了新思路。但国内尚缺乏脊髓损伤后躯干控制障碍的康复评定和康复治疗的统一规范和 临床实践参考。本共识以循证医学证据为依据，经康复医学、生物力学与工程学及临床流行病学专家组反复讨论， 对脊髓损伤患者的躯干控制障碍的康复评定和康复治疗做出了临床推荐，旨在为轮椅依赖的脊髓损伤患者提供一 个全面规范的康复诊疗与智能化辅具决策相结合的干预方案。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pancreatic cancer is a relatively common tumor of the digestive system， with difficulties in early-stage diagnosis and an extremely high degree of malignancy. Molecular diagnostic technology based on tumor biomarkers， combined with the existing gold standard in clinical practice， is of great clinical significance to achieve early accurate identification， timely treatment and intervention， and reduction in mortality. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs show high specificity in terms of types and expression levels in different pathological stages of pancreatic cancer and can thus be used in monitoring the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Since a single miRNA has a limited diagnostic potential， the combination of different miRNAs may effectively improve the diagnostic efficiency of early-stage pancreas carcinogenesis. Based on related research advances in recent years， this consensus document aims to fill the gap in molecular diagnostic technology in the guidelines for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer and provide expert guidance and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion gene is one of the most common driver gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidemiological data showed that ALK gene fusion is detected in 9.06% of Chinese advanced NSCLC patients. ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the standard treatment for advanced NSCLC patients with ALK gene fusion. Seven different ALK-TKIs have been approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China, including crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, ensartinib, brigatinib, lorlatinib, and iruplinalkib. Iruplinalkib is a novel new-generation ALK-TKI independently developed in China. On June 27, 2023, the NMPA approved iruplinalkib for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC patients whose disease has progressed after previous treatment with crizotinib or who are intolerant to crizotinib. On January 16, 2024, the NMPA approved iruplinalkib for the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC patients. In order to better understand the efficacy and safety of iruplinalkib, and facilitate more rationally clinical application of iruplinalkib, the Medical Oncology Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care and the Chinese Association for Clinical Oncologists co-organized experts to compile the “Chinese expert consensus on iruplinalkib for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (2024 edition)”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

About 82% of the Chinese lung cancer population is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is the most common driver mutation in the Chinese lung cancer population (51.7%-54.4%). In recent years, the rapid development and wide application of targeted therapies, especially EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have significantly improved the survival time and quality of life of Chinese lung cancer patients. EGFR exon20 insertion (EGFR ex20ins) accounts for 0.3%-2.9% in NSCLC patients in China. Recently, several tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been approved for the therapy of EGFR ex20ins NSCLCs. The variety variants and high molecular heterogeneity of EGFR ex20ins NSCLCs asks for more accurate detection methods, and clinical routine detection process needs to be further standardized. On account to the practical questions of EGFR ex20ins detection, this consensus was finally reached based on the combination of literature, expert experience and internal discussion among committee members, in the hope of providing the guide for standardizing the EGFR ex20ins detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric urinary incontinence (PUI) is common in clinical practices. Seriously affecting the quality of life of children, it may cause upper urinary tract injury and even renal failure in severe cases. With a greater popularization of urodynamic study (UDS) in China, accurate diagnosis and treatment of PUI have be- come feasible. This consensus fulfilled the requirements of Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Health- care for the level of evidence and the grading of strength of recommendations. With references to the related guidelines of International Children's Continence Society (ICCS), it is compiled by domestic experts in the fields of pediatric urodynamics and pelvic floor control and urology under the auspices of Group of Pediatric Urodynamics & Pelvic Floor, Branch of Pediatric Surgery, Chinese Medical Association. It was intended to [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to promote the development of andrology and private plastic surgery, the Private Plastic Surgery and Industry Branch of the China Sexology Association initiated and edited this consensus. The contents of this consensus include the qualification of surgeons, surgical indications and contraindications, selection of penile prosthesis, technical standards for surgical operation, management of postoperative complications, postoperative efficacy evaluation, etc., aiming to provide reference for medical technicians engaged in andrology and genital surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common benign disease that causes lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in middle-aged and older men, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. With the deepening of national tiered diagnosis and treatment, primary medical institutions have gradually become the main healthcare provider for BPH patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to strengthen the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and management capabilities of primary medical institutions for BPH patients. This expert consensus clarifies the diagnosis and treatment process of BPH in primary healthcare institutions, standardizes the management criteria, and establishes a two-way referral mechanism between higher-level hospitals and primary healthcare institutions, providing guideline and reference for grassroots clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Germline mutations in BRCA genes (including BRCA1/2) are the major risk factors for hereditary tumors including breast and ovarian cancer. Population based BRCA gene screening, particularly in high-risk individuals with a family history of cancer, can play a preventive role by reducing mortality and societal impact of these genetic diseases. Recent years have witnessed the increasing accessibility of BRCA germline mutation testing based on next generation sequencing technology. To further standardize the workflow for BRCA germline mutation screening in the Chinese population, a consensus development group was established by the China Anti-Cancer Association Tumor Biomarker Professional Committee and the Shanghai Anti-Cancer Association Tumor Biomarker Professional Committee. Using an evidence-based approach and building upon literature reviews, the group formulated preliminary recommendations with quality assessments and evidence synthesis regarding common concerns in the process of BRCA germline testing in the population, including screening scenarios, technical approaches, quality control, result interpretation and reporting, as well as genetic counseling. Through multidisciplinary discussions and Delphi questionnaire survey "expert consensus on population-based BRCA germline mutation screening in China (2024 edition)" was developed after summarization and revision. This consensus aims to provide evidence-based guidance and regulatory foundations for BRCA germline mutation screening in the Chinese population and lay the groundwork for further guideline development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的：构建各级康复机构功能定位和诊疗流程标准, 为开展中国康复医疗机构分级诊疗提供理论基础。方法：2020年9月—2021年3月基于文献回顾, 结合半结构式访谈结果, 通过德尔菲专家咨询法构建康复机构功能 定位和诊疗流程标准。结果：两轮专家咨询的有效问卷回收率分别为71.79% (28/39) 和100% (28/28)。两轮专家权威系数分别为0.80和 0.84。第1轮各项指标重要性评分为4.28 (3.25—4.68), 变异系数为0.10—0.27, 肯德尔协调系数 (Kendall’s W) 为 0.201 (P<0.001)。第 2 轮重要性评分为 4.38 (3.79—4.96)；变异系数为 0.04—0.18, Kendall’s W 值为 0.262 (P< 0.001)。最终制定涵盖各级医疗机构功能定位, 转诊标准和分级诊疗流程3部分40条目的康复机构功能定位和诊 疗流程标准专家共识。结论：本研究通过德尔菲专家咨询法初步构建了康复机构功能定位和康复诊疗流程标准, 以期促进中国康复分级诊 疗工作的开展。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The automated intravenous drug dispensing device is an intelligent apparatus designed to imitate the manual dispensing process and realize the allocation of intravenous infusion drugs through corresponding program and mechanical structure. The application of the device accelerates the construction of smart hospitals, improves the efficiency and accuracy of intravenous drug allocation, and reduces the risk of occupational injuries to medical staff. However, compared with the widespread application of this device, there is a lack of up-to-date management consensus, the absence of unified standards, and the yet-unverified correctness of its surgery and safety of drug allocation, which may have potential clinical risks. In order to standardize the management and application of automated intravenous drug dispensing device, under the guidance of National Cancer Center ( NCC ) and in conjunction with multidisciplinary experts, the Clinical Pharmacy Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care has formulated the Chinese Expert Consensus on Pharmaceutical Management of Intravenous Drug Automated Dispensing (2023) by adopting the Delphi method and the expert meeting method based on available evidence-based evidence, pharmaceutical administration-related laws and regulations, and pharmaceutical care practices in the field of clinical medication. The consensus expands and extends the connotation of pharmaceutical management of intravenous drug automated dispensing, which has constructed a comprehensive pharmaceutical management system, and provided a scientific basis for pharmacists to carry out pharmaceutical management of intravenous drug automated dispensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]