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To meet global demand, pesticides play a very important role in the control of pests that damage agricultural products. However, overuse of pesticides threatens both ecosystems and human health. In recent years, gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), capillary chromatography (CCH), and capillary electrophoresis (CE) have been used to determination of pesticides. Although these methods have high specificity, selectivity and sensitivity for detection of pesticides, they also have some shortcomings, for example, expensive instrument, sample prepared process is complex and time-consuming. Therefore, electrochemical sensors and biosensor have become good analytical methods for the detection of pesticides due to their many advantages such as simple manufacturing process of the detection system, high sensitivity and selectivity. In this paper describes the latest results used for in situ detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables obtained in the fields of cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, the development of electrochemical methods and real-time smartphone monitoring techniques and their integration with detection platforms are discussed. For readers with a scientific and technological focus, this article will provide additional valuable information for understanding the creation of portable electrochemical devices, rapid detection of pesticides, the role of electrochemical sensitive methods and contributing to their further development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

By the interaction of phenyl (benzyl) substituted cyclopropylcarbinols with epichlorohydrin, the glycidyloxymethyl substituted phenyl(benzyl)cyclopropanes, used as active diluents of epoxide resin ED-20, were synthesized. It found that the addition of the obtained epoxy compounds to the epoxide resin decreases the viscosity of the resin and increases the lifetime of the compositions. The high degree of curing (96-98%) indicates the participation of the synthesized epoxycyclopropanes in the cross-linking processes. Some physical-mechanical characteristics of compounds made with the participation of the synthesized epoxycyclopropanes were established. The improvement of strength and heat-physical parameters of cured compositions in comparison with compositions made without diluents was revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

В исследованных халькогенидных стеклообразных полупроводников (ХСП) обнаружен эффект влияния модификации на характер температурной зависимости электропроводности. Величина последней увеличивается с уменьшением ширины запрещенной зоны и, соответственно, с увеличением энергии активации. Указанная энергия коррелирует с изменением высоты потенциального барьера на контакте между металлом и халькогенидным стеклообразным полупроводником для различных составов материалов As2Se3 и As2S3. Отмечена существенная роль одиночной пары электронов, принадлежащей атомам модифицирующей примеси. Пара электронов отвечает за реализацию неупорядоченной и дефектной структуры, а также за формирование энергетической системы локальных состояний, оказывающих влияние на процесс переноса носителей заряда.

В статье рассматривается анализ фреймов рекламных сообщений в период XX-XXI веков. Анализ позволяет выделить типологию модификаций, которые обнаруживаются в утрате или актуализации информации о том или ином качестве товара. Динамика данного явления прослеживается на примере фреймов ХХ - ХХI веков «какао» и «чай».

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся структурно-семантической организации паремийных трансформантов коронавирусной эпохи. Паремии имеют относительную независимость значений от контекста употребления и способны сохранять «прозрачность» внутренней формы высказывания в условиях разных событийных фонов; в паремиях отсутствует конкретное лицо, осуществляемое действие, и указание на время этого действия; паремии выступают в качестве средства в языковой игре. Паремийные трансформанты коронавирусной эпохи контекстуально обусловлены, поскольку модификация актуализируется в определенном контексте, определенное время, они выступают в качестве одного из средств в языковой игре. Трансформации паремий обусловлены их активным употреблением носителями языка. В коронавирусном дискурсе выбор паремии обусловлен прагмалингвистической задачей: 1) моделирование уникальной ситуации, с одной стороны, и типовой (так как рапространяется на все и на всех), с другой; 2) выбор соответствующих языковых единиц, модификации которых наиболее адекватно будут отражать дискурсивную практику; 3) решение поставленной коммуникативной задачи в целях адаптации к условиям пандемии; 4) номинация участников, событий, явлений, процессов, феноменов коронавирусной эпохи; 5) выражение оценки к факторам коронавирусного дискурса; 6) выявление и описание актуальных дискурсивных топиков. Модификация паремий обусловливает формирование новых актуальных смыслов, характеризующихся образным, ярким, эмоциональным и экспрессивным характером.

The aim of this study is preparation and characterization of carboxymethylated cornstarch (CMCS) for potential application as water based drilling fluids. The cornstarch was modified by sodium monochloroacetate. The structure of cornstarch and CMCS was established by H1 NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The degree of carboxymethylation of cornstarch determined by H1 NMR spectroscopy was equal to 80%. The morphological properties of cornstarch and CMCS were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structural-mechanical, filtration and filter cake forming properties of drilling fluids and fluid loss indicators of CMCS were found. Studies have shown that the proposed new composition of drilling mud is superior in quality to drilling mud based on unmodified corn starch.

In this work, sorbents based on natural zeolite (Z) and chamotte clay (ChC) treated with NaCl and HNO3 solutions were obtained to extract Na+ and K+ ions from saline water. The physicochemical characteristics of the obtained sorbents were studied by SEM, EDAX, and BET methods. It was found that successive treatment with NaCl and HNO3 solutions has a positive effect on the sorption properties of the studied materials. The maximum increase in the specific surface area from 4.5 m² /g to 39.3 m² /g is observed for acid-treated Z, and the specific surface area of ChC also increases almost 2-fold from 8.4 m2 /g to 15.3 m2 /g. Na+ and K+ ions are extracted from water due to ion exchange with Z and ChC cations. As a result of determining the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the studied sorbents, it was found that treatment with a NaCl solution improves the ion exchange properties of the sorbent and leads to the formation of a “homoionic” form of aluminosilicates. Due to that the sorbents more easily enter ion exchange reactions. The authors established the sorption activity of the obtained materials based on natural Z and ChC with respect to Na+ and K+ cations. The maximum recovery rate is 28.45% for Na+ ions with the ChC-Na-H sorbent and 76.28% for K+ ions with the ChC-Na sorbent. Among Z-based sorbents, the most effective forms are Z-Na-H (15.44% Na+ recovery) and Z-Na (60.47% K+ recovery). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to studying the types of modifications of phraseological units with mythological allusions. The functions performed by them in the English discourse are characterized. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient knowledge of intentionally modified precedent units - phraseological units with a mythological component - and the specifics of their functioning in the discursive space of the English language. The novelty of the study is seen in the explicitation of the modifications (transformations) classification of precedent units in relation to phraseological units containing mythonyms that refer to ancient Greek myths. The author identifies three main modification types of the precedent units of phraseological units with a mythonym component: semantic, structural-lexical and syntactic. Particular attention is paid to identifying the functions of modified phraseological units in multi-discourse English texts. It is shown that the modification of the considered precedent units allows the author of the statement to originally identify the situations and events illuminated by him (the qualifying function of the modified phraseological units), give the text expressiveness and brightness (expressive-decorative function), convincingly express his point of view (persuasive function), convey irony or create humorous effect through a language game (human function), identify their group affiliation (password function).

Background. Alkyd resins are used in various industries. Useful properties of products are determined by the composition and structure of alkyd resins. In this regard, the study of the conditions for the synthesis of alkyd resins from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (HPET) and their alcoholysis products is relevant. Purpose: To study the conditions for the synthesis of alkyd resins based on VPET and their physicochemical and technological properties. Methodology: Acid number was determined according to GOST 25210-82; viscosity - GOST 8420-74, drying time - GOST 19007-73, dry residue - GOST 31939-2012 (ISO 3251:2008), iodometric scale - GOST 19266-79, hardness - GOST 5233-89, bending strength - GOST R 52740-2007. Originality: The possibility of synthesizing modified alkyd resins based on VPET, which are not inferior to industrial analogues in terms of physicochemical and technological properties, is shown. Findings: Conditions for the synthesis of modified alkyd resins based on VPET were revealed. It is shown that with an increase in the amount of VPET to 10%, the incompatibility of the PF-060 resin with VPET is observed. It has been determined that with an increase in the amount of bishydroxyethylene terephthalate (BGTP), the viscosity and number average molecular weight decrease. It was found that an increase in the amount of HPET in the formulation above the optimum leads to partial turbidity of the reaction mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of modernization of aircraft engines in the repair and the requirements for the design documentation. It is analyzed a set of repair documentation, which should include design repair and process documentation for repairs with product upgrades. Emphasis is placed on the repair design documentation, which includes drawings, specifications, diagrams containing data for the preparation of repair production, repair and control of the product after repair. These drawings, as a rule, contain only those images of the product, dimensions, maximum dimensional deviations, parts of the product, parts, circuit elements and additional data that are needed to carry out repairs and control of the product during and after repair. The differences of modernization from the repair of products of aircraft engines are established and the definition of repair with modernization is given. The purpose of the repair with the modernization of the aircraft engine is to obtain a new product modification (engine park). Engineers continue to improve the design of aircraft engines while pursuing, basically, two goals at once - reducing noise and reducing fuel consumption. While retaining all the advantages of the base engines, each subsequent modification of the engine is planned to implement the following new solutions: optimization of the blade shape, measures to expand the operating temperature range, the use of modern electrical systems, plasma ignition, fuel injection system with electronic control system, parts design and assembly units of light modern materials, reducing the size and more. The design documentation is an important link. These are graphic and text documents, which, complete or separately, determine the composition and design of the product and contain all the necessary data for monitoring, operation, and repair. The set of design documentation for a product or its part necessarily includes the main design document, which fully and unambiguously identifies this product and its composition.Repair with modernization is an improvement of the product, a change in the design following the requirements of modernity, which is one of the most important components of the transition to an effective market structure focused on customer satisfaction.

The article is devoted to experimental evaluation of the influence of electric-mode parameters of the original surface treatment of wire cutting tool on its surface in the process of cutting them brittle materials using free abrasive. The description of the established systems and procedures are set out questions for experimental studies. The results, reflecting the influence of the profile, the surface treatment of wire electro samples on their cutting ability are presented and analyzed.

Glial tumors, and in particular anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are aggressive brain tumors with poor prognosis and high recurrence rates. Current treatment strategies are based on open surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, not a single one of these methods of treatment, alone or in combination, is effective in combating this disease, resulting in the average life expectancy following the diagnosis of under 15 months. Treatments are inefficient mainly due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that makes the delivery of drugs into the tumor mass difficult. With the development of nanotechnology the effectiveness of the drugs currently in use is on an increase and the reach to glial brain tumors is expanding. Nanoparticles are a preferred carrier of medicinal agents and dyes due to their size, availability of surface modification and the flexibility enabling the integration of several functional components into a single system. This makes it possible to direct the development of nanoparticles towards applications in the treatment and diagnosis of glial tumors. This dual approach helps to understand the location of the tumor tissue, bio-distribution of nanoparticles, and treatment progress and effectiveness. In order to improve the treatment and diagnosis approaches, various strategies can be applied to modify the surface of nanoparticles, including surface markers or so-called ligands and use the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment with specific targets which respond to specific stimuli. In this paper we review various strategies for the improvement of treatment and diagnosis of glial tumors, describe some surface markers and talk about opportunities for the introduction of nanoparticles into everyday clinical practice.

Задача календарного планирования распределенных предприятий заключается в назначении заданий территориально удаленным предприятиям и определении удобного рабочего графика для каждого из предприятий. Целью решения данной задачи является минимизация общего времени изготовления на всех предприятиях. Данная статья является первым шагом к решению задачи календарного планирования с использованием различных версий алгоритма муравьиной колонии: классический муравьиный алгоритм, алгоритм системы муравьиных колоний и модифицированный алгоритм муравьиной колонии.

Backround. Prerequisites for the problem. The trend towards the consumption of fuel from oil and gas production is growing every year, as is the production of a by-product, sulfur. Sulfur cements are of interest. The development of modified sulfur concrete and products based on them is underway, their environmental safety is important. Purpose: development of resource-saving technologies for obtaining modified sulfur based on a byproduct of petrochemicals using a modifying additive - calcium diamidophosphate. Methodology. Methods of organic synthesis, deformation-strength and thermomechanical analysis, IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction were used. Originality. The optimal conditions for the synthesis and modification of sulfur in the composition of the by-product, calcium diamidophosphate, have been determined. Findings. In the temperature range 150-230 ° C, DAPA dehydration is possible in the form of low molecular weight compounds with sulfur. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using DAFK as a complex modifying additive in the production of sulfur concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Вackground. Currently, industrial enterprises of the republic accumulate a huge amount of waste water, but their purification and return to the system is urgent. However, cleaning them is multi-step and time consuming. Purpose. Assessment of the possibility of treating waste water from metallurgy with waste from the production of sucrose. Methodology. Comparative study of colloidal-chemical parameters of the obtained samples of thermolysis defecate using standard methods of analysis. Originality. It has been established that the main pollutants are substances entering wastewater from metal processing operations, as well as heavy metal ions. The investigated effluents had high concentrations of dissolved salts and suspended solids. Laboratory tests of experimental samples of thermally processed defect in waste water have been carried out. It has been established that the thermal processed defecate is effective for the purification of wastewater from heavy metal ions. The consumption of thermally modified defecate was 2%, while the degree of wastewater treatment from heavy metals was at least 90% for Be, Al, Mn, As, Mo, U, Zh, Th ions, 70% for Ni, Se, Sr, Pb ions, 40% for ions Cu, Cr, Co. Findings.It was established that thermolysis of defecate up to 650 °С increases its adsorption properties, due to which it became possible to return valuable components from waste water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic activities of synthetic mordenite (SiO2/Al2O3=18) catalysts modified with metal cations (Pd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Nd3+) calcinated in different air stream conditions in the temperature range of 300-420°C, at v=3,1 hour-1, H2:CH=3:1 were studied in disproportionation reaction of toluene to benzene and xylenes. It found that mordenite zeolite catalyst modified by Pd2+, and cations are more active than the catalysts containing Ni2+, Co2+, Nd3+. It revealed that samples activated in terms of dry and humid conditions are characterized by fullest activity and selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. As you know, reagent methods for removing heavy metal ions from wastewater lead to the formation of difficult to dispose of sludge. When solving these problems, the use of natural sorbent minerals prevents the formation of additional sludge and is economically profitable as well as environmentally sound. Purification of wastewater from ions of iron, manganese, copper and cadmium, using natural minerals, gives good results, and to increase the efficiency of the process, enrichment and activation of natural sorbent minerals will be required. Purpose is the enrichment and activation of natural glauconite mineral for purification and softening of wastewater containing some heavy metal ions by the sorption method. Methodology. Glauconite of the Parkent deposit was used as an object of research, which were enriched and modified. For enrichment, gravity methods and magnetic separation were used. During the experiments, model solutions containing ions of some heavy metals were also used. Originality. An increase in the sorption capacity by 1.7-2.0 times of a glauconite sample processed for 2 hours in 20% HCl and then for 1 hour in an 8% NaCl solution was determined. Findings. As a result of the research, a method for modifying Parkentglauconite has been developed. The technological conditions for enrichment and granulation of glauconite mineral without additional binders have been determined. A method of thermal activation and sequential chemical treatment in the acid-salt sequence have been developed, and the optimal concentrations of the components have been determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To form a network polymer structure of melamine-formaldehyde alkyd paints and varnishes (APV) oligomeric film formers modified with vegetable oils or their fatty acids, alkyd resins and varnishes, as well as materials based on amino formaldehyde resins plasticized with polyethers (alkyd resins) are used. The main disadvantage of APV is the long drying time in the air (it takes more than a day to dry one layer), unsatisfactory decorative and protective performance of coatings, their unstable resistance to atmospheric and environmental influences. Melamine alkyd APV can withstand longer and aggressive weathering, but the process of hardening occurs at high temperatures with significant energy consumption, the process is time consuming and unsuitable for modern technologies for assembling devices, machines, engineering structures in combination with different materials. The aim of our research was to improve existing APV based on amino formaldehyde resins and creating new film formers using oligomeric cyclic carbonates and oligomeric amines in order to improve the properties of materials. The modification of melamine-alkyd paints and varnishes with compounds contained high content of polar groups and capable to form chemical and physical bonds with active groups of functionalized plant oligomers is a promising way to improve the properties. A three-step method of synthesis urethane-containing modifier based on carbonized vegetable oil, aminoethyl piperazine, maleic anhydride and melamine alkyd resin was developed to obtain new polymer coatings. The synthesized modifier - amido urethane maleate based on vegetable oil is characterized by the presence of numerous active groups that interact with melamine alkyd resin K-421 and PF-060 to form a branched polymer structure that is stable during storage. Modified APV samples with 10% and 15% of oligoamidurethane maleate have been developed, which are characterized by enhanced physico-mechanical, adhesive and processing properties and can be recommended for practical application in various coating technologies. The structural features of the initial reagents and the obtained products were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sorption and complex-forming properties of a modified sorbent based on a copolymer of maleic anhydride with methacrylic acid in regard to vanadium (V) were studied and main parameters of metal sorption determined. Sorbent containing fragments of N, N' – diphenyl – guanidine for the selective extraction of vanadium (V) from solutions were proposed. The sorbent was synthesized according to well-known methods. The optimal conditions for sorption were determined. The sorption was studied under static conditions. In the presented work, a main emphasis was laid on the study into the effect of pH of the medium, time, ionic strength, and metal concentration in a solution on the vanadium sorption. A maximum degree of vanadium extraction by the sorbent was achieved from pH 5 solutions. The influence of the ionic strength of the solution was studied by photometric method. Vanadium (V) was sorbed from solutions containing 0.1-1.4 M KCl. Results of the study showed that a significant decrease in metal sorption was observed in KCl solutions with a concentration of more than 0.6 M. Results of the analysis showed that the sorption equilibrium was achieved in 2 hours. As the concentration of vanadium in the solution increased, its sorption rose as well, and at a concentration of 8·10-3 M it reached maximum: static capacity = 253 mg/g. Also, we researched into possibilities available to determine the conditions for desorption of vanadium (V) with various mineral acids (HClO4, H2SO4, HNO3, HCl) after concentration on the proposed sorbent. Analysis results showed that vanadium (V) was quantitatively desorbed by 2 M HNO3. Multiple uses of the regenerated sorbent for concentration are possible. The degree of extraction of vanadium (V) under optimal conditions exceeded 95%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of News of Kazakhstan Science / Novosti nauki Kazahstana is the property of NCSTE (JSC National Center for State Scientific and Technical Evaluations) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effect of UV-C irradiation on the growth processes of the plant component of the bioplatо has been studied. A comparative study of the effectiveness of cleaning the aqueous medium from radiocaesium ions by sugar maize plants that were irradiated with UV-C in various doses has been carried out. The influence of the growing density of plants of planting peas on the degree of purification of the aqueous medium from 137Cs ions has been shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of News of Kazakhstan Science / Novosti nauki Kazahstana is the property of NCSTE (JSC National Center for State Scientific and Technical Evaluations) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Analysis of methods of modification of polymeric textile materials to determine promising directions of obtaining new polymeric textile materials with specified properties. The analytical methods of researching the scientific problem of obtaining new polymeric textile materials with given properties of different types and methods of their chemical and physical modification are used in the article. Today, the main directions of updating and expanding the range of polymeric textile materials are not only obtaining new types of textile fibers and filaments, but their modification in various ways and methods. Therefore, the presented article analyzes the types of modification of polymeric textile materials and identifies promising ways of modifying them to obtain new materials with specified properties. One of the promising ways of modifying polymeric textile materials is the physical, and plasma technology of processing fibers and filaments. Of the plasma technologies and methods, the most effective is the method of application of low-temperature plasma, which allows without changing the chemical structure of the polymer fibers to achieve the predicted change in their properties. The analysis of the methods of modification of textile materials is carried out and the peculiarities of the change in their properties from the influence of various chemical and physical factors on them are determined. The main factors of influence of plasma technologies, changes in the structure and properties of polymeric textile fibrous materials are analyzed and the most promising of them are determined. It has been determined that the most effective, economical and environmentally friendly methods of physical modification of PTM polymers are electrophysical. Methods for the electrophysical modification of polymers of textile threads and fibers make it possible to provide their specific desired properties. Low-temperature plasma treatment of polymers does not affect their supramolecular structure and does not impair their other consumer properties; it can be carried out depending on the plasma parameters and the nature of the polymer fibers of the textile material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. As you know, methods for removing metal compounds from wastewater and spent technological solutions by reagent methods lead to the formation of difficult to utilize sludge in large volumes. When solving these problems, the use of electrochemical cleaning methods prevents the formation of additional slimes, which is economically viable and environmentally sound. Purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of electrochemical treatment of industrialwastewater contaminated with chromium (III) and chromium (VI) ions. Methodology. As an object of study, the spent solution and wastewater of the galvanic department of «MFS» OOS and modified bentonite were used for their preliminary purification before the electrolysis process. To determine the concentrations of chromium ions, instrumental methods of chemical analysis were used (KFK-3 spectrophotometer). Originality. At the expense of to the preliminary purification of chromate-containing wastewater from calcium and magnesium ions with modified bentonite, the current efficiency of the electrochemical process increased to 24.5%. Findings. A method for modifying Navbahor bentonite was developed The optimal conditions for increasing the yield of chrome at the electrochemical treatment of chromate-containing wastewater were determined by using modified bentonite for preliminary wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modification of chitosan with biocompatible synthetic polymers is important for the development of biodegradable medical materials with a tailor-made complex of properties. The issue of the influence of a polysaccharide macromolecule conformation on the synthesis and properties of the hybrid products remains acute. Conformational transitions of chitosan and their influence on the process of grafted polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and N-vinylpyrrolidone onto the polymer and the properties of their copolymers were studied. To interpret the peculiarities of chitosan solutions properties, their viscosity was identified by the method of rotational viscometry; conformational transitions of the polymer polysaccharides were investigated by the method of spectrophotometry; dimensional characteristics of the polymer particles were assessed by the method of dynamic light scattering. Copolymers were characterized by the methods of IR-spectroscopy and gelpenetrating chromatography. Helix-coil conformational transition of the chitosan macromolecule was pH and temperature-sensitive. The effective size of the chitosan macromolecules for helix conformation was 14-35% larger than for the coil conformation. The grafted copolymer yield (98%) was significantly higher in the solutions of chitosan, where its macromolecules were in the coil conformation. The obtained results allow the researchers to create optimal conditions during the development of the copolymer-based biomedical materials with improved characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Journal of Art Studies is the property of Central Asian Journal of Art Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of News of Kazakhstan Science / Novosti nauki Kazahstana is the property of NCSTE (JSC National Center for State Scientific and Technical Evaluations) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Exceptional Child: Teaching & Upbringing is the property of National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. Rational conditions for orientational drawing of PETg/PET polyester blend during processing into tape products are established Methodology. Tensile strength and elongation at break for all test specimens were determined according to ISO 527-2: 2012. Tensile modulus - ISO 527-1: 2019, specimen density - PN-EN ISO 1183-1, change of linear dimensions of specimens - ISO 16012: 2015. Findings. It was found that the introduction of PET into PETg leads to an increase in tensile strength of the blend, which is probably due to the process of orientational crystallization of PET. When the orientations are higher than 5.5 times in the PETg /PET mixtures, cavitation foaming occurs, which leads to a decrease in the blend density, its turbidity and a decrease in tensile strength. Blends with a high content of PETg have a significant thermal shrinkage, which should be taken into account when processing and applying these polymers. Originality. Physical and mechanical properties of PETg/PET polyesters blend with different ratio in the process of orientational stretching are established. The tensile strength increases with the increase drawing ratio for blends with high PET content due to its orientation crystallization. The phenomenon of cavitation foaming in polyester blend with draw ratio more than 5.5 times is found, which is accompanied by a decrease in the density of the samples and their tensile strength. Presence of PETg in PET matrix decrease tensile strength and elongation and significantly increase thermal shrinkage. Low elongation at break found for PETg/PET blend specimen without orientation which increases dramatically with low draw ratios and then decrease with higher drawing ratio. Practical value. The technological modes of realization of cavitation foaming for the PETg/PET mixture at orientation drawing ratio above 5.5 due to the different phase structure of the components of the mixtures have been established. The introduction of PETg into PET leads to a significant increase in thermal shrinkage and reduces the physical and mechanical performance of oriented products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the influence of the concentration of butyl rubber and vulcanizing agents on the process of reactive extrusion of elastoplastics based on a mixture of thermoplastic polyolefins. The mechanic-chemical synthesis of dynamically vulcanized elastoplastics was carried out in the process of reactive extrusions. Single screw extruder with ratio L / D = 24 consists of 4 zones: loading zone, compression zone, dosing zone, extruder head. The number of turnovers of the screw was regulated using an asynchronous engine. The head is equipped with a slotted console enabling to obtain continuous sheets 2 mm thick and 100 mm wide. As thermoplastic polyolefins there was used the polyethylene of low density, polypropylene. Vulcanization of polymer mixtures was carried out using the dicumyl peroxide and sulfur. The mechanochemical synthesis of elastoplastics was carried out at different temperatures of the zones of material cylinder and extrusion pressure. The results of the study of the influence of extrusion process parameters on the melt flow rate of elastoplastics were presented. For a mixture of polyethylene and butyl rubber of low density the optimum temperature for zones of the material cylinder varied within 100− 150 ° C, and the extrusion pressure was 5.2 − 7.0 MPa. For a mixture of polypropylene and butyl rubber the temperature regime varied within 140-210°С and pressure of extrusion -7.2-9.4 МPа. To add elastoplastic properties to the polymer mixtures, vulcanizing agents such as dicumyl peroxide and sulfur were introduced into their composition. Selective influence of vulcanizing agents on the nature of changes of technological parameters of reactive extrusion and melt flow index was investigated. It found that dynamic vulcanic elastoplastics with unique compatibility of structures and properties can be obtained in at concentrations of dicumyl peroxide − 0.5 wt.% or sulfur−5.0wt.%. It revealed that dynamic vulcanic elastoplastics with unique compatibility of structures and properties can be obtained in the concentration of dicumyl peroxide− 0.5 wt.% or sulfur− 5.0wt.%. It established that the concentration of butyl rubber in the mixture of LDPE+PP− 10, 20, 30, 40 wt.% softening temperature, according to thermo-mechanical tests, varies accordingly in the range of 125, 107, 89, 78 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Article is devoted to problems of studying of the biographic myth of Yu.O. Dombrovsky. Sources of the biographic myth are specified in article. Biographic implications of works of the Russian writers are investigated, the problem of the cultural self-identification of Yu. Dombrovsky based on understanding of the cultural and genetic accessory by him is analyzed. As evidential base Yu. Dombrovsky’s statements about the Gipsy origin are attracted. In article the Gipsy motive is considered as one of constant in the Russian literature. The conclusion is drawn that the concept of “Roma” in the Russian literary tradition is an image archetypic; the implicatures put in him are capable to report conceptually important data on the writer.

The article is devoted to the importance of selecting the optimal methods of stimulation and motivation for learning. In modern conditions it is very important that the teacher did not give the students ready knowledge, but pointed out the way for the acquisition of knowledge, taught them to gain knowledge. This demands from the philologist the choice of effective forms of working with texts of different types and styles of speech, listening, speaking. In this connection a special attention should be paid to the lessons of speech development. There is a special group of methods to stimulate the development of communicative competence. Among them, the method of discussion, which is increasingly being used during the Russian language lessons. The specificity of using this method in class for teaching Russian as a foreign language, its basic functions (teaching, developing, educating) are considered. The key rules for conducting a discussion at the Russian language classes, the main and additional functions-roles of the teacher, the participants, the minute-taker are analyzed. The advantages of the discussion in Russian in comparison to the discussion in the students’ native language are summarized.

Modification of the cellulose triacetate compositions by the transesterification products of tris [tri (butoxy) titanoxy] borane of monocarboxylic stearic acid was carried out. It was shown that the used series of boron, titanium, stearatacyloxy-containing products oftransesterification of tris [tri (butoxy) titanoxy] - borane by stearic acid is an effective modifier of soluble TAC. This modification allows you to adjust the viscosity of the solution in a wide range and improves the physic o-mechani с al characteristics of the films obtainedfrom these solutions (the tensile strength of the films increases by 2,0-2,5 times). The most effective use of such compounds is provided when they are introduced in the amount of up to 0.1 wt% from the mass of the TAC. In this case, there is a process of crushing large supramolecular formations into smaller ones. Internal stresses in the polymer practically disappear, the relative hardness of the films and their tensile strength grow. The obtained results may be especially valuable in the recycling of waste of TAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of National Academy of Sciences of Armenia Reports / Doklady Nacionalnaâ Akademiâ Nauk Armenii is the property of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University is the property of National Mining University, State Higher Educational Institution and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The influence of the concentration of butadiene-nitrile-rubber and technological regime of injection moulding on the complex of main properties of elastoplasts based on thermoplastic polyolefins - low-density polyethylene and polypropylene, was considered. The use of dicumyl peroxide as cross-linking agent made it possible to obtain, in the process of mechanochemical synthesis, dynamically vulcanized elastoplasts with improved physico-mechanical and technological properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]