33 results on '"İlkkurşun, Zeynep"'
Search Results
2. Post-traumatic growth and its predictors among Syrian refugees in Istanbul: A mental health population survey
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Wen, Karen, McGrath, Michael, Acarturk, Ceren, Ilkkursun, Zeynep, Fuhr, Daniela C., Sondorp, Egbert, Cuijpers, Pim, Sijbrandij, Marit, and Roberts, Bayard
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- 2020
- Full Text
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3. Caring for carers: a virtual psychosocial supervision intervention to improve the quality and sustainability of mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian contexts
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); Almeamari, Fatima; İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah; Tavakol, M., Wells, R.; Alokoud, M.; Beetar, A.; Eldardery, H.; Elshazly, M.; Faruk, O.; Ginem, M. R.; Hadzi-Paylovic, D.; Jahan, S.; Joshi, R.; Klein, L.; Kurdi, L.; Mastrogiovanni, C.; Mozumder, M.; Lekkeh, S.; Nemorin, S.; Perry, K. Nicholson; Orabi, M.; Qasim, J.; Steel, Z.; Utah, H.; Uygun, E.; Wong, S.; Yan, L.; Yousselr, R. Said; Zarate, A.; Rosenbaum, S., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); Almeamari, Fatima; İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah; Tavakol, M., Wells, R.; Alokoud, M.; Beetar, A.; Eldardery, H.; Elshazly, M.; Faruk, O.; Ginem, M. R.; Hadzi-Paylovic, D.; Jahan, S.; Joshi, R.; Klein, L.; Kurdi, L.; Mastrogiovanni, C.; Mozumder, M.; Lekkeh, S.; Nemorin, S.; Perry, K. Nicholson; Orabi, M.; Qasim, J.; Steel, Z.; Utah, H.; Uygun, E.; Wong, S.; Yan, L.; Yousselr, R. Said; Zarate, A.; Rosenbaum, S., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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NA
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- 2023
4. Group problem management plus (PM+) to decrease psychological distress among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a pilot randomised controlled trial
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Acartürk, Ceren, Uygun, Ersin, İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Yurtbakan, Taylan, Kurt, Gülşah, Adam Troian, Jais, Şenay, İbrahim, Bryant, R., Cuijpers, P., Kiselev, N., Mcdaid, D., Morina, Njomeza, Nişancı, Zehra Nuray, Park, Alison L., Sijbrandij, M., Ventevogel, Peter, Fuhr, Daniela C., Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E., Yurtbakan, T., Adam Troian, J., Şenay, I, Bryant, R., Cuijpers, P., Kiselev, N., McDaid, D., Morina, N., Nişancı, Z., Park, A. L., Sijbrandij, M., Ventevogel, P., Fuhr, D. C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Global Health, and APH - Mental Health
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Psychiatry ,Randomised controlled trial ,Refugees ,Syria ,Turkey ,BF Psychology ,Research ,RC435-571 ,Common mental health problems ,Pilot Projects ,Pilot ,Feasibility ,Group intervention ,Task sharing ,Psychological Distress ,JV Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,RA Public aspects of medicine ,Humans ,Single-Blind Method - Abstract
Background: Syrian refugees resettled in Turkey show a high prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is an effective psychological intervention delivered by non-specialist health care providers which has shown to decrease psychological distress among people exposed to adversity. In this single-blind pilot randomised controlled trial, we examined the methodological trial procedures of Group PM+ (gPM+) among Syrian refugees with psychological distress in Istanbul,Turkey, and assessed feasibility, acceptability, perceived impact and the potential cost-effectiveness of the intervention. Methods: refugees with psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K10 > 15) and impaired psychosocial functioning (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, WHODAS 2.0> 16) were recruited from the community and randomised to either gPM+ and enhanced care as usual (E-CAU) (n = 24) or E-CAU only (n = 22). gPM+ comprised of five weekly group sessions with eight to ten participants per group. Acceptability and feasibility of the intervention were assessed through semi-structured interviews. The primary outcome at 3-month follow-up was symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25). Psychosocial functioning (WHODAS 2.0), symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and self-identified problems (Psychological Outcomes Profiles, PSYCHLOPS) were included as secondary outcomes. A modified version of the Client Service Receipt Inventory was used to document changes in the costs of health service utilisation as well as productivity losses. Results: there were no barriers experienced in recruiting study participants and in randomising them into the respective study arms. Retention in gPM+ was high (75%). Qualitative analyses of the interviews with the participants showed that Syrian refugees had a positive view on the content, implementation and format of gPM+. No adverse events were reported during the implementation. The study was not powered to detect an effect. No significant difference between gPM+ and E-CAU group on primary and secondary outcome measures, or in economic impacts were found. Conclusions: gPM+ delivered by non-specialist peer providers seemed to be an acceptable, feasible and safe intervention for Syrian refugees in Turkey with elevated levels of psychological distress. This pilot RCT sets the stage for a fully powered RCT., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Research and Innovation Programme Societal Challenges
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- 2022
5. Adapting Disability Research Methods and Practices During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Experiences from the Field
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Morgon Banks, Lena, primary, Willan, Samantha, additional, Inglis-Jassiem, Gakeemah, additional, Dunkle, Kristin, additional, Ganle, John, additional, Shakespeare, Tom, additional, Shahpar Khan, Rifat, additional, Hameed, Shaffa, additional, Machisa, Mercilene, additional, Watson, Nicholas, additional, Carpenter, Bradley, additional, Smythe, Tracey, additional, Mthethwa, Nomfundo, additional, Seketi, Queen, additional, Wilbur, Jane, additional, Nzuza, Ayanda, additional, İlkkurşun, Zeynep, additional, Tetali, Shailaja, additional, Huq, Lopita, additional, Clyde, Amanda, additional, and Hanass-Hancock, Jill, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. ''Doing What Matters in Times of Stress'' to decrease psychological distress during COVID-19: a randomised controlled pilot trial
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); Kurt, Gülşah; İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Uygun, Ersin; Karaoglan-Kahilogullari, Akfer, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); Kurt, Gülşah; İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Uygun, Ersin; Karaoglan-Kahilogullari, Akfer, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Despite the increasing psychological distress during COVID-19, utilisation of face-to-face psychological interventions decreased profoundly. The aim of this study involving two parallel, two-armed pilot randomised controlled trials was to examine the effectiveness of a guided self-help intervention ""Doing What Matters in Times of Stress"" (DWM) in decreasing psychological distress in Turkish and Syrian participants. Seventy-four Turkish nationals and 50 Syrian refugee adults with psychological distress were randomly allocated to a DWM group or wait-list control group. The primary outcome measure was the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 postintervention. Secondary outcome measures were the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II postintervention. Although this study was not powered to detect a significant effect for DWM postassessment between DWM and the control group, results showed a significant improvement in depression symptoms among Turkish participants in the DWM group (d = 0.46) and in PTSD symptoms among Syrian participants in the DWM group (d = 0.67) from pre- to postintervention assessment. These results indicate the potential of DWM to decrease mental health problems during the pandemic and importance of a fully powered, definitive controlled trial to examine its effectiveness both for the host community and refugees to reduce psychological distress during COVID-19., Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)
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- 2022
7. Trajectories of psychosocial symptoms and wellbeing in asylum seekers and refugees exposed to traumatic events and resettled in Western Europe, Turkey, and Uganda
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna; Tedeschi, Federico; Turrini, Giulia; Anttila, Minna; Augustinavicious, Jura; Baumgartner, Josef; Bryant, Richard; Churchill, Rachel; Karyotaki, Eirini; Klein, Thomas; Koesters, Markus; Lantta, Tella; Leku, Marx R.; Nose, Michela; Ostuzzi, Giovanni; Popa, Mariana; Prina, Eleonora; Sijbrandij, Marit; Uygun, Ersin; Valimaki, Maritta; Walker, Lauren; Wancata, Johannes; White, Ross G.; Cuijpers, Pim; Tol, Wietse; Barbui, Corrado, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna; Tedeschi, Federico; Turrini, Giulia; Anttila, Minna; Augustinavicious, Jura; Baumgartner, Josef; Bryant, Richard; Churchill, Rachel; Karyotaki, Eirini; Klein, Thomas; Koesters, Markus; Lantta, Tella; Leku, Marx R.; Nose, Michela; Ostuzzi, Giovanni; Popa, Mariana; Prina, Eleonora; Sijbrandij, Marit; Uygun, Ersin; Valimaki, Maritta; Walker, Lauren; Wancata, Johannes; White, Ross G.; Cuijpers, Pim; Tol, Wietse; Barbui, Corrado, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Background: longitudinal studies examining mental health trajectories in refugees and asylum seekers are scarce. Objectives: to investigate trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing in refugees and asylum seekers, and identify factors associated with these trajectories. Method: 912 asylum seekers and refugees from the control arm of three trials in Europe (n = 229), Turkey (n = 320), and Uganda (n = 363) were included. We described trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing, and used trauma exposure, age, marital status, education, and individual trial as predictors. Then, we assessed the bidirectional interactions between wellbeing and psychological symptoms, and the effect of each predictor on each outcome controlling for baseline values. Results: symptom improvement was identified in all trials, and for wellbeing in 64.7% of participants in Europe and Turkey, versus 31.5% in Uganda. In Europe and Turkey domestic violence predicted increased symptoms at post-intervention (ss = 1.36, 95% CI 0.17-2.56), whilst murder of family members at 6-month follow-up (ss = 1.23, 95% CI 0.27-2.19). Lower wellbeing was predicted by murder of family member (ss = -1.69, 95% CI -3.06 to -0.32), having been kidnapped (ss = -1.67, 95% CI -3.19 to -0.15), close to death (ss = -1.38, 95% CI -2.70 to -0.06), and being in the host country >= 2 years (ss = -1.60, 95% CI -3.05 to -0.14). In Uganda at post-intervention, having been kidnapped predicted increased symptoms (ss = 2.11, 95% CI 0.58-3.65), and lack of shelter (ss = -2.51, 95% CI -4.44 to -0.58) and domestic violence predicted lower wellbeing (ss = -1.36, 95% CI -2.67 to -0.05). Conclusion: many participants adapt to adversity, but contextual factors play a critical role in determining mental health trajectories. / Antecedentes: estudios longitudinales que examinan las trayectorias de la salud mental en losrefugiados y solicitantes de asilo son escasos. Objetivos: investigar las trayectorias de los síntomas psi, European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Commission (EC); RE-DEFINE: Refugee Emergency DEFining and Implementing Novel Evidence-based psycho-social Interventions
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- 2022
8. Estimated prevalence rates and risk factors for common mental health problems among Syrian and Afghan refugees in Türkiye
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); Kurt, Gülşah; Ekhtiari, Maryam; İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Ventevogel, P.; Akbıyık, N.; Erşahin, M., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Sociology; Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); Kurt, Gülşah; Ekhtiari, Maryam; İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Ventevogel, P.; Akbıyık, N.; Erşahin, M., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Sociology; Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Background: Türkiye hosts 4 million refugees and asylum seekers, with Syrians and Afghans being among the largest refugee groups in country. There are limited comparative data on the conflict- and displacement-related experiences of these groups and the relation with mental health status. Aims: to assess the mental health status of Syrians and Afghans in Türkiye, identify risk factors and explore to what extent differences in mental health conditions are related to potentially traumatic events and post-displacement stressors. Method: two parallel online survey studies were conducted between April and June 2021 among 798 Syrians and 785 Afghans in Türkiye. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, traumatic events (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire), post-displacement stressors (Post-Migration Living Difficulties Checklist), symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, short form). Results: for Syrian and Afghan participants respectively, estimated prevalence rates were: 41.1% and 50.3% for depression; 39.6% and 41% for anxiety; and 41.6% and 46.5% for PTSD. In both groups, significant predictors were female gender, exposure to potentially traumatic events, and structural and socioeconomic post-displacement stressors. Additional risk factors were older age for Afghans and higher education for Syrians. Conclusions: self-reported symptoms of common mental health problems are highly prevalent among Syrian and Afghan refugees and associated with a wide range of risk factors. After controlling for conflict- and displacement-related experiences, Afghans reported higher anxiety symptoms than Syrians, which is likely related to their legal status in Türkiye., Koç University Seed Fund Program
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- 2022
9. Scalable psychological interventions for Syrian refugees in Europe and the Middle East: STRENGTHS study protocol for a prospective individual participant data meta-analysis
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, de Graaff, A.M.; Cuijpers, P.; Akhtar, A.; Alkneme, M.S.; Aoun, M.; Awwad, M.; Bawaneh, A.Y.; Brown, F.L.; Bryant, R.; Burchert, S.; Carswell, K.; Drogendijk, A.; Engels, M.; Fuhr, D.C.; Hansen, P.; van 't Hof, E.; Giardinelli, L.; Hemmo, M.; Hessling, J.M.; Jordans, M.J.D.; Kiselev, N.; Knaevelsrud, C.; Martinmaki, S.; McDaid, D.; Morina, N.; Naser, H.; Park, A.L.; Pfaltz, M.C.; Roberts, B.; Schick, M.; Schnyder, U.; Spaaij, J.; Steen, F.; Taha, K.; Uygun, E.; Ventevogel, P.; Whitney, C.; Witteveen, A.B.; Sijbrandij, M.; STRENGTHS consortium, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, de Graaff, A.M.; Cuijpers, P.; Akhtar, A.; Alkneme, M.S.; Aoun, M.; Awwad, M.; Bawaneh, A.Y.; Brown, F.L.; Bryant, R.; Burchert, S.; Carswell, K.; Drogendijk, A.; Engels, M.; Fuhr, D.C.; Hansen, P.; van 't Hof, E.; Giardinelli, L.; Hemmo, M.; Hessling, J.M.; Jordans, M.J.D.; Kiselev, N.; Knaevelsrud, C.; Martinmaki, S.; McDaid, D.; Morina, N.; Naser, H.; Park, A.L.; Pfaltz, M.C.; Roberts, B.; Schick, M.; Schnyder, U.; Spaaij, J.; Steen, F.; Taha, K.; Uygun, E.; Ventevogel, P.; Whitney, C.; Witteveen, A.B.; Sijbrandij, M.; STRENGTHS consortium, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: The World Health Organization's (WHO) scalable psychological interventions, such as Problem Management Plus (PM+) and Step-by-Step (SbS) are designed to be cost-effective non-specialist delivered interventions to reduce symptoms of common mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The STRENGTHS consortium aims to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and implementation of the individual format of PM+ and?its group version (gPM+), as well as of the digital SbS intervention among Syrian refugees in seven countries in Europe and the Middle East. This is a study protocol for a prospective individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis to evaluate (1) overall effectiveness and cost-effectiveness and (2) treatment moderators of PM+, gPM+ and?SbS with Syrian refugees. Methods and analysis: Five pilot randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven fully powered RCTs conducted within STRENGTHS will be combined into one IPD meta-analytic dataset. The RCTs include Syrian refugees of 18 years and above with elevated psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10>15)) and impaired daily functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0>16)). Participants are randomised into the intervention or care as usual control group, and complete follow-up assessments at 1-week, 3-month and 12-month follow-up. Primary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety (25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist). Secondary outcomes include daily functioning (WHODAS 2.0), PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5) and self-identified problems (PSYCHLOPS). We will conduct a one-stage IPD meta-analysis using linear mixed models. Quality of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach, and the economic evaluation approach will be assessed using the CHEC-list. Ethics and dissemination: Local ethical approval has been obtained for each RCT. This IPD meta-analysis does not require ethical approval. The re, European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014–2020)
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- 2022
10. Cost-effectiveness of the Self-Help Plus intervention for adult Syrian refugees hosted in Turkey
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Eskici, Sevde, Park, A.L.; Waldmann, T.; Kösters, M.; Tedeschi, F.; Nose, M.; Ostuzzi, G.; Purgato, M.; Turrini, G.; Valimaki, M.; Lantta, T.; Anttila, M.; Wancata, J.; Friedrich, F.; Uygun, E.; Cuijpers, P.; Sijbrandij, M.; White, R.G.; Popa, M.; Carswell, K.; Au, T.; Kilian, R.; Barbui, C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Eskici, Sevde, Park, A.L.; Waldmann, T.; Kösters, M.; Tedeschi, F.; Nose, M.; Ostuzzi, G.; Purgato, M.; Turrini, G.; Valimaki, M.; Lantta, T.; Anttila, M.; Wancata, J.; Friedrich, F.; Uygun, E.; Cuijpers, P.; Sijbrandij, M.; White, R.G.; Popa, M.; Carswell, K.; Au, T.; Kilian, R.; Barbui, C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Importance: the cost-effectiveness of the Self-Help Plus (SH+) program, a group-based, guided, self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for people affected by adversity, is unclear. Objective: to investigate the cost-utility of providing the SH+ intervention combined with enhanced usual care vs enhanced usual care alone for Syrian refugees or asylum seekers hosted in Turkey. Design, setting, and participants: this economic evaluation was performed as a prespecified part of an assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial conducted between October 1, 2018, and November 30, 2019, with 6-month follow-up. A total of 627 adults with psychological distress but no diagnosed psychiatric disorder were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the enhanced usual care group. Interventions: the SH+ program was a 5-session (2 hours each), group-based, stress management course in which participants learned self-help skills for managing stress by listening to audio sessions. The SH+ sessions were facilitated by briefly trained, nonspecialist individuals, and an illustrated book was provided to group members. Th intervention group received the SH+ intervention plus enhanced usual care; the control group received only enhanced usual care from the local health care system. Enhanced usual care included access to free health care services provided by primary and secondary institutions plus details on nongovernmental organizations and freely available mental health services, social services, and community networks for people under temporary protection of Turkey and refugees. Main outcomes and measures: the primary outcome measure was incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained from the perspective of the Turkish health care system. An intention-to-treat analysis was used including all participants who were randomized and for whom baseline data on costs and QALYs were available. Data were analyzed September 30, 2020, to July 30, European Union (EU); Horizon 2020
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- 2022
11. Effectiveness of a WHO self-help psychological intervention for preventing mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a randomized controlled trial
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Eskici, Sevde; Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E.; Carswell, K.; Tedeschi, F.; Batu, M.; Anttila, M.; Au, T.; Baumgartner, J.; Churchill, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Becker, T.; Koesters, M.; Lantta, T.; Nosè, M.; Ostuzzi, G.; Popa, M.; Purgato, M.; Sijbrandij, M.; Turrini, G.; Välimäki, M.; Walker, L.; Wancata, J.; Zanini, E.; White, R.G.; van Ommeren, M.; Barbui C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Eskici, Sevde; Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E.; Carswell, K.; Tedeschi, F.; Batu, M.; Anttila, M.; Au, T.; Baumgartner, J.; Churchill, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Becker, T.; Koesters, M.; Lantta, T.; Nosè, M.; Ostuzzi, G.; Popa, M.; Purgato, M.; Sijbrandij, M.; Turrini, G.; Välimäki, M.; Walker, L.; Wancata, J.; Zanini, E.; White, R.G.; van Ommeren, M.; Barbui C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Refugees are at high risk of developing mental disorders. There is no evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that psychological interventions can prevent the onset of mental disorders in this group. We assessed the effectiveness of a self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization, called Self-Help Plus, in preventing the development of mental disorders among Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress in Turkey. A two-arm, assessor-masked RCT was conducted in two Turkish areas. Eligible participants were adult Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire ?3), but without a diagnosis of mental disorder. They were randomly assigned either to the Self-Help Plus arm (consisting of Self-Help Plus combined with Enhanced Care as Usual, ECAU) or to ECAU only in a 1:1 ratio. Self-Help Plus was delivered in a group format by two facilitators over five sessions. The primary outcome measure was the presence of any mental disorder assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at six-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were the presence of mental disorders at post-intervention, and psychological distress, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, personally identified psychological outcomes, functional impairment, subjective well-being, and quality of life at post-intervention and six-month follow-up. Between October 1, 2018 and November 30, 2019, 1,186 refugees were assessed for inclusion. Five hundred forty-four people were ineligible, and 642 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to either Self-Help Plus (N=322) or ECAU (N=320). Self-Help Plus participants were significantly less likely to have any mental disorders at six-month follow-up compared to the ECAU group (21.69% vs. 40.73%; Cramer's V = 0.205, p<0.001, risk ratio: 0.533, 95% CI: 0.408-0.696). Analysis of secondary outcomes suggested that Self-Help Plus was not effective immediat, European Commission
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- 2022
12. Group problem management plus (PM plus) to decrease psychological distress among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a pilot randomised controlled trial
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E.; Yurtbakan, T.; Adam Troian, J.; Şenay, I; Bryant, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Kiselev, N.; McDaid, D.; Morina, N.; Nişancı, Z.; Park, A. L.; Sijbrandij, M.; Ventevogel, P.; Fuhr, D. C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E.; Yurtbakan, T.; Adam Troian, J.; Şenay, I; Bryant, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Kiselev, N.; McDaid, D.; Morina, N.; Nişancı, Z.; Park, A. L.; Sijbrandij, M.; Ventevogel, P.; Fuhr, D. C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Background: Syrian refugees resettled in Turkey show a high prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is an effective psychological intervention delivered by non-specialist health care providers which has shown to decrease psychological distress among people exposed to adversity. In this single-blind pilot randomised controlled trial, we examined the methodological trial procedures of Group PM+ (gPM+) among Syrian refugees with psychological distress in Istanbul,Turkey, and assessed feasibility, acceptability, perceived impact and the potential cost-effectiveness of the intervention. Methods: refugees with psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K10 > 15) and impaired psychosocial functioning (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, WHODAS 2.0> 16) were recruited from the community and randomised to either gPM+ and enhanced care as usual (E-CAU) (n = 24) or E-CAU only (n = 22). gPM+ comprised of five weekly group sessions with eight to ten participants per group. Acceptability and feasibility of the intervention were assessed through semi-structured interviews. The primary outcome at 3-month follow-up was symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25). Psychosocial functioning (WHODAS 2.0), symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and self-identified problems (Psychological Outcomes Profiles, PSYCHLOPS) were included as secondary outcomes. A modified version of the Client Service Receipt Inventory was used to document changes in the costs of health service utilisation as well as productivity losses. Results: there were no barriers experienced in recruiting study participants and in randomising them into the respective study arms. Retention in gPM+ was high (75%). Qualitative analyses of the interviews with the participants showed that Syrian refugees had a positive view on the content, implementation and format of gPM+. No adverse events were reported during the implementati, European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Research and Innovation Programme Societal Challenges
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- 2022
13. Cultural adaptation of a low-intensity group psychological intervention for Syrian refugees
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Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, Akhtar, A.; Engels, M.; Bawaneh, A.; Bird, M.; Bryant, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Hansen, P.; Al-Hayek, H.; Sijbrandij, M.; Underhill, J., Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, and Akhtar, A.; Engels, M.; Bawaneh, A.; Bird, M.; Bryant, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Hansen, P.; Al-Hayek, H.; Sijbrandij, M.; Underhill, J.
- Abstract
Given the increasing use of low-intensity psychological interventions in humanitarian mental health and psychosocial support work, more attention is needed to strengthen the intersection between evidence-based interventions and cultural contextualisation. Undertaking the process of cultural adaptation ensures the appropriateness and acceptability of psychological interventions in these contexts. We present the process and results of conducting a cultural adaptation for the Group Problem Management Plus (GroupPM+) intervention, for Syrian refugees across two contexts; Jordan in camp settings and Turkey in urban settings. The first step of the adaptation was to conduct a rapid qualitative assessment following the Design, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation model proceeded by cognitive interviews and a workshop designed to apply changes according to the Bernal framework. Based on the results, a total of 82 changes were proposed across the intervention manual, training, supervision and implementation protocols. Changes ranged from minor amendments to terminology to broader changes to how metaphors, stories and illustrations are presented during the intervention. Additionally, two substantial adaptations were suggested: (1) the addition of a session designed to enhance family engagement, and (2) the development of a male case study. Changes were incorporated prior to the implementation of the GroupPM+ intervention in Jordan and Turkey.
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- 2021
14. Effectiveness of Self-Help Plus in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe: a multinational randomized controlled trial
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Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna; Carswell, Kenneth; Tedeschi, Federico; Anttila, Minna; Au, Teresa; Bajbouj, Malek; Baumgartner, Josef; Biondi, Massimo; Churchill, Rachel; Cuijpers, Pim; Koesters, Markus; Gastaldon, Chiara; Lantta, Tella; Nose, Michela; Ostuzzi, Giovanni; Papola, Davide; Popa, Mariana; Roselli, Valentina; Sijbrandij, Marit; Tarsitani, Lorenzo; Turrini, Giulia; Valimaki, Maritta; Walker, Lauren; Wancata, Johannes; Zanini, Elisa; White, Ross; van Ommeren, Mark; Barbui, Corrado, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, and Purgato, Marianna; Carswell, Kenneth; Tedeschi, Federico; Anttila, Minna; Au, Teresa; Bajbouj, Malek; Baumgartner, Josef; Biondi, Massimo; Churchill, Rachel; Cuijpers, Pim; Koesters, Markus; Gastaldon, Chiara; Lantta, Tella; Nose, Michela; Ostuzzi, Giovanni; Papola, Davide; Popa, Mariana; Roselli, Valentina; Sijbrandij, Marit; Tarsitani, Lorenzo; Turrini, Giulia; Valimaki, Maritta; Walker, Lauren; Wancata, Johannes; Zanini, Elisa; White, Ross; van Ommeren, Mark; Barbui, Corrado
- Abstract
Introduction: Self-Help Plus (SH+) is a group-based psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for managing stress. Objective: to assess the effectiveness of SH+ in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe. Methods: we conducted a randomized controlled trial in 5 European countries. Refugees and asylum seekers with psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire score >= 3), but without a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) or ICD/10 diagnosis of mental disorder, as assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), were randomized to SH+ or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). The primary outcome was the frequency of mental disorders with the MINI at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of mental disorders at postintervention, self-identified problems, psychological symptoms, and other outcomes. Results: four hundred fifty-nine individuals were randomly assigned to SH+ or ETAU. For the primary outcome, we found no difference in the frequency of mental disorders at 6 months (Cramer V = 0.007, p = 0.90, RR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.52-1.78), while the difference significantly favored SH+ at after the intervention (secondary outcome, measured within 2 weeks from the last session; Cramer V = 0.13, p = 0.01, RR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.29-0.87). Conclusions: this is the first randomized indicated prevention study with the aim of preventing the onset of mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees in Western Europe. As a prevention effect of SH+ was not observed at 6 months, but rather after the intervention only, modalities to maintain its beneficial effect in the long term need to be identified.
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- 2021
15. The psychological impacts of COVID-19 related stressors on Syrian refugees in Turkey: The role of resource loss, discrimination, and social support
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, Javanbakht, A.; Uygun, E.; Karaoğlan Kahıloğulları, A., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Kurt, Gülşah, Javanbakht, A.; Uygun, E.; Karaoğlan Kahıloğulları, A., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
COVID-19 does not leave behind refugees. They are disproportionately affected during the current pandemic. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 related stressors -resource loss and perceived discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic- on Syrian refugees in Turkey. Further, the buffering role of perceived social support against the detrimental impacts of such stressors was examined. An online cross-sectional study was conducted between September-October 2020. A sample of 345 Syrian refugees in Turkey completed the questions about demographic characteristics, resource loss and perceived discrimination during the pandemic, perceived social support, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. A high level of depressive and anxiety symptoms was reported in our sample. Resource loss and perceived discrimination during the pandemic significantly and positively predicted depressive and anxiety symptoms. Perceived social support acted as a buffer against the detrimental effect of resource loss on mental health. For those with higher perceived social support, resource loss during the pandemic did not significantly predict depressive and anxiety symptoms. The results indicate the detrimental role of COVID-19 related stressors on refugee mental health. Social support is an important protective factor for mental health amidst the pandemic. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the precarious conditions of refugees in all COVID-19 responses and communications., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)
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- 2021
16. Effectiveness of Self-Help Plus in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe: a multinational randomized controlled trial
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna; Carswell, Kenneth; Tedeschi, Federico; Anttila, Minna; Au, Teresa; Bajbouj, Malek; Baumgartner, Josef; Biondi, Massimo; Churchill, Rachel; Cuijpers, Pim; Koesters, Markus; Gastaldon, Chiara; Lantta, Tella; Nose, Michela; Ostuzzi, Giovanni; Papola, Davide; Popa, Mariana; Roselli, Valentina; Sijbrandij, Marit; Tarsitani, Lorenzo; Turrini, Giulia; Valimaki, Maritta; Walker, Lauren; Wancata, Johannes; Zanini, Elisa; White, Ross; van Ommeren, Mark; Barbui, Corrado, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna; Carswell, Kenneth; Tedeschi, Federico; Anttila, Minna; Au, Teresa; Bajbouj, Malek; Baumgartner, Josef; Biondi, Massimo; Churchill, Rachel; Cuijpers, Pim; Koesters, Markus; Gastaldon, Chiara; Lantta, Tella; Nose, Michela; Ostuzzi, Giovanni; Papola, Davide; Popa, Mariana; Roselli, Valentina; Sijbrandij, Marit; Tarsitani, Lorenzo; Turrini, Giulia; Valimaki, Maritta; Walker, Lauren; Wancata, Johannes; Zanini, Elisa; White, Ross; van Ommeren, Mark; Barbui, Corrado, College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: Self-Help Plus (SH+) is a group-based psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for managing stress. Objective: to assess the effectiveness of SH+ in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe. Methods: we conducted a randomized controlled trial in 5 European countries. Refugees and asylum seekers with psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire score >= 3), but without a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) or ICD/10 diagnosis of mental disorder, as assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), were randomized to SH+ or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). The primary outcome was the frequency of mental disorders with the MINI at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of mental disorders at postintervention, self-identified problems, psychological symptoms, and other outcomes. Results: four hundred fifty-nine individuals were randomly assigned to SH+ or ETAU. For the primary outcome, we found no difference in the frequency of mental disorders at 6 months (Cramer V = 0.007, p = 0.90, RR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.52-1.78), while the difference significantly favored SH+ at after the intervention (secondary outcome, measured within 2 weeks from the last session; Cramer V = 0.13, p = 0.01, RR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.29-0.87). Conclusions: this is the first randomized indicated prevention study with the aim of preventing the onset of mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees in Western Europe. As a prevention effect of SH+ was not observed at 6 months, but rather after the intervention only, modalities to maintain its beneficial effect in the long term need to be identified., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Commission (EC); RE-DEFINE: Refugee Emergency: DEFining and Implementing Novel Evidence-based Psychosocial Interventions
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- 2021
17. Problems after flight: understanding and comparing Syrians’ perspectives in the Middle East and Europe
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Drescher, A.; Kiselev, N.; Akhtar, A.; Bryant, R. A.; von Känel, R.; Miller, K. E.; Pfaltz, M. C.; Schick, M.; Schnyder, U.; Sijbrandij, M.; Spaaij, J.; Morina, N., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Drescher, A.; Kiselev, N.; Akhtar, A.; Bryant, R. A.; von Känel, R.; Miller, K. E.; Pfaltz, M. C.; Schick, M.; Schnyder, U.; Sijbrandij, M.; Spaaij, J.; Morina, N., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Background: Syrian refugees and asylum seekers (SRAs) face multiple stressors after flight, which may vary due to different geographic, economic, cultural and socio-political contexts in the host countries. Past research has recognised the importance of participants’ own perspectives. The aims of this multi-country study were to identify and compare self-reported problems of SRAs between various settings. Methods: a semi-structured client-generated outcome measurement was used to collect data among adult SRAs in Jordan (N = 61), Turkey (N = 46) and Switzerland (N = 57) between September 2018 and November 2019. Answers were analysed following thematic analysis. Results: over half of the participants reported practical problems with an emphasis on camp-related problems (Jordan), finances (Turkey), employment (Jordan and Switzerland) and government regulations (Switzerland), followed by psychological, and social issues. Conclusion: this study highlights the impact of local contextual factors on wellbeing. The findings emphasise that planning preventative procedures and mental health care services for SRAs need to consider local challenges affecting the population in specific countries., Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI); National Health and Medical Research Council-European Union Grant; European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Research and Innovation Pro Innovation Programme Societal Challenges
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- 2021
18. Adapting Disability Research Methods and Practices During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Experiences from the Field.
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Banks, Lena Morgon, Willan, Samantha, Inglis-Jassiem, Gakeemah, Dunkle, Kristin, Ganle, John, Shakespeare, Tom, Khan, Rifat Shahpar, Hameed, Shaffa, Machisa, Mercilene, Watson, Nicholas, Carpenter, Bradley, Smythe, Tracey, Mthethwa, Nomfundo, Seketi, Queen, Wilbur, Jane, Nzuza, Ayanda, İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Tetali, Shailaja, Huq, Lopita, and Clyde, Amanda
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COVID-19 pandemic ,RESEARCH teams ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,RESEARCH methodology ,DISABILITIES ,DIGITAL communications - Abstract
People with disabilities are often excluded from research, which may be exacerbated during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. This article provides an overview of key challenges, opportunities, and strategies for conducting disability-inclusive research during the pandemic, drawing on the experience of research teams working across ten countries on disabilityfocused studies. It covers adaptations that are relevant across the project lifecycle, including maintaining ethical standards and safeguarding; enabling active participation of people with disabilities; adapting remote research data collection tools and methods to meet accessibility, feasibility, and acceptability requirements; and promoting inclusive and effective analysis and dissemination. While this article is focused on adaptations during the pandemic, it is highly likely that the issues and strategies highlighted here will be relevant going forward, either in similar crises or as the world continues to move towards greater digital communication and connectedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. Planning the scale up of brief psychological interventions using theory of change
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Fuhr, Daniela C.; Sijbrandij, Marit; Brown, Felicity L.; Jordans, Mark J. D.; Woodward, Aniek; McGrath, Michael; Sondorp, Egbert; Ventevogel, Peter, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Fuhr, Daniela C.; Sijbrandij, Marit; Brown, Felicity L.; Jordans, Mark J. D.; Woodward, Aniek; McGrath, Michael; Sondorp, Egbert; Ventevogel, Peter, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Background: a large mental health treatment gap exists among conflict-affected populations, and Syrian refugees specifically. Promising brief psychological interventions for conflict-affected populations exist such as the World Health Organization's Problem Management Plus (PM+) and the Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) intervention, however, there is limited practical guidance for countries of how these interventions can be taken to scale. The aim of this study was to unpack pathways for scaling up PM+ and EASE for Syrian refugees. Methods: we conducted three separate Theory of Change (ToC) workshops in Turkey, the Netherlands, and Lebanon in which PM+ and EASE are implemented for Syrian refugees. ToC is a participatory planning process involving key stakeholders, and aims to understand a process of change by mapping out intermediate and long-term outcomes on a causal pathway. 15-24 stakeholders were invited per country, and they participated in a one-day interactive ToC workshop on scaling up. Results: a cross-country ToC map for scale up brief psychological interventions was developed which was based on three country-specific ToC maps. Two distinct causal pathways for scale up were identified (a policy and financing pathway, and a health services pathway) which are interdependent on each other. A list of key assumptions and interventions which may hamper or facilitate the scaling up process were established. Conclusion: ToC is a useful tool to help unpack the complexity of scaling up. Our approach highlights that scaling up brief psychological interventions for refugees builds on structural changes and reforms in policy and in health systems. Both horizontal and vertical scale up approaches are required to achieve sustainability. This paper provides the first theory-driven map of causal pathways to help support the scaling-up of evidence-based brief psychological interventions for refugees and populations in global mental health more broadly., STRENGTHS (Syrian REfuGees MeNTal HealTH Care Systems) Project; European Union (European Union); Horizon 2020
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- 2020
20. Protocol for a randomized controlled trial: peer-to-peer group problem management plus (PM+) for adult Syrian refugees in Turkey
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Acartürk, Ceren; İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Uygun, Ersin; Sijbrandij, Marit; Aker, A. Tamer; Bryant, Richard; Cuijpers, Pim; Fuhr, Daniela C.; de Graaff, Anne M.; de Jong, Joop; McDaid, David; Morina, Naser; Park, A-La; Roberts, Bayard; Ventevogel, Peter; Yurtbakan, Taylan, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Ceren; İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Uygun, Ersin; Sijbrandij, Marit; Aker, A. Tamer; Bryant, Richard; Cuijpers, Pim; Fuhr, Daniela C.; de Graaff, Anne M.; de Jong, Joop; McDaid, David; Morina, Naser; Park, A-La; Roberts, Bayard; Ventevogel, Peter; Yurtbakan, Taylan, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Background: a large proportion of Syrians have been exposed to potentially traumatic events, multiple losses, and breakdown of supportive social networks and many of them have sought refuge in host countries where they also face post-migration living difficulties such as discrimination or integration problems or both. These adversities may put Syrian refugees at high risk for common mental disorders. In response to this, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a trans-diagnostic scalable psychological intervention called Problem Management Plus (PM+) to reduce psychological distress among populations exposed to adversities. PM+ has been adapted for Syrian refugees and can be delivered by non-specialist peer lay persons in the community. Methods: a randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted with 380 Syrian refugees in Turkey. After providing informed consent, participants with high levels of psychological distress (scoring above 15 on the Kessler-10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10)) and functional impairment (scoring above 16 on the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, or WHODAS 2.0) will be randomly assigned to Group PM+/enhanced care as usual (Group PM+/E-CAU) (n = 190) or E-CAU (n = 190). Outcome assessments will take place 1 week after the fifth session (post-assessment), 3 months after the fifth session and 12 months after baseline assessment. The primary outcome is psychological distress as measured by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25). Secondary outcomes include functional impairment, post-traumatic stress symptoms, self-identified problems, and health system and productivity costs. A process evaluation will be conducted to explore the feasibility, challenges and success of the intervention with 25 participants, including participants, facilitators, policy makers and mental health professionals. Discussion: the treatment manual of the Syrian-Arabic Group PM+ and training materials will be made available through the WHO once the effect, European Union (European Union); Horizon 2020; Research and Innovation Programme, Societal Challenges
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- 2020
21. Prevalence and predictors of common mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Istanbul, Turkey: a cross-sectional study
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, McGrath, Michael; Roberts, Bayard; Cuijpers, Pim; Sijbrandij, Marit; Sondorp, Egbert; Ventevogel, Pieter; McKee, Martin; Fuhr, Daniela C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep, McGrath, Michael; Roberts, Bayard; Cuijpers, Pim; Sijbrandij, Marit; Sondorp, Egbert; Ventevogel, Pieter; McKee, Martin; Fuhr, Daniela C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
- Abstract
Purpose: the war in Syria has created the greatest refugee crisis in the 21st century. Turkey hosts the highest number of registered Syrian refugees, who are at increased risk of common mental disorders because of their exposure to war, violence and post-displacement stressors. The aim of this paper is to examine the prevalence and predictors of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Syrian refugees living in Turkey. Methods: a cross-sectional survey of adult Syrian refugees was conducted between February and May 2018 in Istanbul (Sultanbeyli district). Participants (N=1678) were randomly selected through the registration system of the district municipality. The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25) was used to measure anxiety and depression and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist (PCL-5) assessed posttraumatic stress. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used. Results: the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD were 36.1%, 34.7% and 19.6%, respectively. Comorbidity was high. Regression analyses identified several socio-demographic, health and post-displacement variables that predicted common mental disorders including: being female, facing economic difficulties, previous trauma experience, and unmet need for social support, safety, law and justice. A lifetime history of mental health treatment and problems accessing adequate healthcare were associated with depression and anxiety but not with PTSD. Conclusions: mental disorder symptoms are highly prevalent among Syrian refugees in Turkey. The association with post-displacement factors points to the importance of comprehensive health and social services that can address these social, economic and cultural stressors., STRENGTHS (Syrian REfuGees MeNTal HealTH Care Systems) Project; European Union (European Union); Horizon 2020; Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014-2020)
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- 2020
22. Effectiveness of a WHO self-help psychological intervention for preventing mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Turkey
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Ceren Acarturk, Ersin Uygun, Zeynep Ilkkursun, Kenneth Carswell, Federico Tedeschi, Mine Batu, Sevde Eskici, Gulsah Kurt, Minna Anttila, Teresa Au, Josef Baumgartner, Rachel Churchill, Pim Cuijpers, Thomas Becker, Markus Koesters, Tella Lantta, Michela Nosè, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Mariana Popa, Marianna Purgato, Marit Sijbrandij, Giulia Turrini, Maritta Välimäki, Lauren Walker, Johannes Wancata, Elisa Zanini, Ross G. White, Mark Ommeren, Corrado Barbui, Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Global Health, APH - Mental Health, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Eskici, Sevde, Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E., Carswell, K., Tedeschi, F., Batu, M., Anttila, M., Au, T., Baumgartner, J., Churchill, R., Cuijpers, P., Becker, T., Koesters, M., Lantta, T., Nosè, M., Ostuzzi, G., Popa, M., Purgato, M., Sijbrandij, M., Turrini, G., Välimäki, M., Walker, L., Wancata, J., Zanini, E., White, R.G., van Ommeren, M., Barbui C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Psychiatry ,Refugees ,psychological intervention ,Self-Help Plus ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,Research Reports ,public health strategy ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Mental health ,Torture ,Asylum ,prevention ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,randomized controlled trial ,Phychiatric Mental Health ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,common mental disorders - Abstract
Refugees are at high risk of developing mental disorders. There is no evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that psychological interventions can prevent the onset of mental disorders in this group. We assessed the effectiveness of a self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization, called Self-Help Plus, in preventing the development of mental disorders among Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress in Turkey. A two-arm, assessor-masked RCT was conducted in two Turkish areas. Eligible participants were adult Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire ?3), but without a diagnosis of mental disorder. They were randomly assigned either to the Self-Help Plus arm (consisting of Self-Help Plus combined with Enhanced Care as Usual, ECAU) or to ECAU only in a 1:1 ratio. Self-Help Plus was delivered in a group format by two facilitators over five sessions. The primary outcome measure was the presence of any mental disorder assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at six-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were the presence of mental disorders at post-intervention, and psychological distress, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, personally identified psychological outcomes, functional impairment, subjective well-being, and quality of life at post-intervention and six-month follow-up. Between October 1, 2018 and November 30, 2019, 1,186 refugees were assessed for inclusion. Five hundred forty-four people were ineligible, and 642 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to either Self-Help Plus (N=322) or ECAU (N=320). Self-Help Plus participants were significantly less likely to have any mental disorders at six-month follow-up compared to the ECAU group (21.69% vs. 40.73%; Cramer's V = 0.205, p, European Commission
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- 2022
23. The psychological impacts of COVID-19 related stressors on Syrian refugees in Turkey: The role of resource loss, discrimination, and social support
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Gulsah Kurt, Ersin Uygun, Zeynep Ilkkursun, A. Karaoglan-Kahilogullari, Ceren Acarturk, A. Javanbakht, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Kurt, Gülşah, Javanbakht, A., Uygun, E., Karaoğlan Kahıloğulları, A., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Refugees ,Resource (biology) ,Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Refugee ,Stressor ,Protective factor ,COVID-19 ,Resource loss ,Mental health ,Article ,Psychology ,Social sciences ,Sociology ,Social support ,Discrimination ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Anxiety ,Business and International Management ,medicine.symptom ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
COVID-19 does not leave behind refugees. They are disproportionately affected during the current pandemic. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 related stressors -resource loss and perceived discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic- on Syrian refugees in Turkey. Further, the buffering role of perceived social support against the detrimental impacts of such stressors was examined. An online cross-sectional study was conducted between September-October 2020. A sample of 345 Syrian refugees in Turkey completed the questions about demographic characteristics, resource loss and perceived discrimination during the pandemic, perceived social support, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. A high level of depressive and anxiety symptoms was reported in our sample. Resource loss and perceived discrimination during the pandemic significantly and positively predicted depressive and anxiety symptoms. Perceived social support acted as a buffer against the detrimental effect of resource loss on mental health. For those with higher perceived social support, resource loss during the pandemic did not significantly predict depressive and anxiety symptoms. The results indicate the detrimental role of COVID-19 related stressors on refugee mental health. Social support is an important protective factor for mental health amidst the pandemic. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the precarious conditions of refugees in all COVID-19 responses and communications., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)
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- 2021
24. Cost-effectiveness of the Self-Help Plus intervention for adult Syrian refugees hosted in Turkey
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A-La Park, Tamara Waldmann, Markus Kösters, Federico Tedeschi, Michela Nosè, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Marianna Purgato, Giulia Turrini, Maritta Välimäki, Tella Lantta, Minna Anttila, Johannes Wancata, Fabian Friedrich, Ceren Acartürk, Zeynep İlkkursun, Ersin Uygun, Sevde Eskici, Pim Cuijpers, Marit Sijbrandij, Ross G. White, Mariana Popa, Kenneth Carswell, Teresa Au, Reinhold Kilian, Corrado Barbui, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Eskici, Sevde, Park, A.L., Waldmann, T., Kösters, M., Tedeschi, F., Nose, M., Ostuzzi, G., Purgato, M., Turrini, G., Valimaki, M., Lantta, T., Anttila, M., Wancata, J., Friedrich, F., Uygun, E., Cuijpers, P., Sijbrandij, M., White, R.G., Popa, M., Carswell, K., Au, T., Kilian, R., Barbui, C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Adult ,Male ,Syria ,Turkey ,BF Psychology ,World Health Organization’s Self-Help Plus program ,cost-effective intervention ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,General and internal medicine ,General Medicine ,refugees ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,RA Public aspects of medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Quality-adjusted life years ,Refugees ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,asylum seekers - Abstract
Importance: the cost-effectiveness of the Self-Help Plus (SH+) program, a group-based, guided, self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for people affected by adversity, is unclear. Objective: to investigate the cost-utility of providing the SH+ intervention combined with enhanced usual care vs enhanced usual care alone for Syrian refugees or asylum seekers hosted in Turkey. Design, setting, and participants: this economic evaluation was performed as a prespecified part of an assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial conducted between October 1, 2018, and November 30, 2019, with 6-month follow-up. A total of 627 adults with psychological distress but no diagnosed psychiatric disorder were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the enhanced usual care group. Interventions: the SH+ program was a 5-session (2 hours each), group-based, stress management course in which participants learned self-help skills for managing stress by listening to audio sessions. The SH+ sessions were facilitated by briefly trained, nonspecialist individuals, and an illustrated book was provided to group members. Th intervention group received the SH+ intervention plus enhanced usual care; the control group received only enhanced usual care from the local health care system. Enhanced usual care included access to free health care services provided by primary and secondary institutions plus details on nongovernmental organizations and freely available mental health services, social services, and community networks for people under temporary protection of Turkey and refugees. Main outcomes and measures: the primary outcome measure was incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained from the perspective of the Turkish health care system. An intention-to-treat analysis was used including all participants who were randomized and for whom baseline data on costs and QALYs were available. Data were analyzed September 30, 2020, to July 30, 2021. Results: of 627 participants (mean [SD] age, 31.3 [9.0] years; 393 [62.9%] women), 313 were included in the analysis for the 51-1+ group and 314 in the analysis for the enhanced usual care group. An incremental cost-utility ratio estimate of T 6068 pound ($1147) per QALY gained was found when the SH+ intervention was provided to groups of 10 Syrian refugees. At a willingness to pay per QALY gained of T 14 pound 831 ($2802), the SH+ intervention had a 97.5% chance of being cost-effective compared with enhanced usual care alone. conclusions and relevance: this economic evaluation suggests that implementation of the SH+ intervention compared with enhanced usual care alone for adult Syrian refugees or asylum seekers hosted in Turkey is cost-effective from the perspective of the Turkish health care system when both international and country-specific willingness-to-pay thresholds were applied., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020
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- 2022
25. Planning the scale up of brief psychological interventions using theory of change
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Bayard Roberts, Zeynep Ikkursun, Rabih El Chammay, Marit Sijbrandij, Egbert Sondorp, Peter Ventevogel, Aniek Woodward, Michael McGrath, Felicity L. Brown, Pim Cuijpers, Ceren Acarturk, Mark J. D. Jordans, Daniela C. Fuhr, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Fuhr, Daniela C., Sijbrandij, Marit, Brown, Felicity L., Jordans, Mark J. D., Woodward, Aniek, McGrath, Michael, Sondorp, Egbert, Ventevogel, Peter, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Anthropology of Health, Care and the Body (AISSR, FMG), Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Mental Health, and APH - Global Health
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Mental Health Services ,Participatory planning ,SDG 16 - Peace ,Adolescent ,Turkey ,Applied psychology ,Psychological intervention ,Brief psychological interventions ,Common mental disorders ,Health informatics ,Medicine ,Health care sciences and services ,Health administration ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Global mental health ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Lebanon ,10. No inequality ,Netherlands ,Refugees ,Scaling up ,Syria ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Nursing research ,Mental Disorders ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Theory of change ,Justice and Strong Institutions ,030227 psychiatry ,Conflict-affected populations ,Scale (social sciences) ,Psychotherapy, Brief ,business ,Psychological Theory ,Research Article - Abstract
Background: a large mental health treatment gap exists among conflict-affected populations, and Syrian refugees specifically. Promising brief psychological interventions for conflict-affected populations exist such as the World Health Organization's Problem Management Plus (PM+) and the Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) intervention, however, there is limited practical guidance for countries of how these interventions can be taken to scale. The aim of this study was to unpack pathways for scaling up PM+ and EASE for Syrian refugees. Methods: we conducted three separate Theory of Change (ToC) workshops in Turkey, the Netherlands, and Lebanon in which PM+ and EASE are implemented for Syrian refugees. ToC is a participatory planning process involving key stakeholders, and aims to understand a process of change by mapping out intermediate and long-term outcomes on a causal pathway. 15-24 stakeholders were invited per country, and they participated in a one-day interactive ToC workshop on scaling up. Results: a cross-country ToC map for scale up brief psychological interventions was developed which was based on three country-specific ToC maps. Two distinct causal pathways for scale up were identified (a policy and financing pathway, and a health services pathway) which are interdependent on each other. A list of key assumptions and interventions which may hamper or facilitate the scaling up process were established. Conclusion: ToC is a useful tool to help unpack the complexity of scaling up. Our approach highlights that scaling up brief psychological interventions for refugees builds on structural changes and reforms in policy and in health systems. Both horizontal and vertical scale up approaches are required to achieve sustainability. This paper provides the first theory-driven map of causal pathways to help support the scaling-up of evidence-based brief psychological interventions for refugees and populations in global mental health more broadly., STRENGTHS (Syrian REfuGees MeNTal HealTH Care Systems) Project; European Union (European Union); Horizon 2020
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- 2020
26. Scalable psychological interventions for Syrian refugees in Europe and the Middle East: STRENGTHS study protocol for a prospective individual participant data meta-analysis
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Anne M, de Graaff, Pim, Cuijpers, Ceren, Acarturk, Aemal, Akhtar, Mhd Salem, Alkneme, May, Aoun, Manar, Awwad, Ahmad Y, Bawaneh, Felicity L, Brown, Richard, Bryant, Sebastian, Burchert, Kenneth, Carswell, Annelieke, Drogendijk, Michelle, Engels, Daniela C, Fuhr, Pernille, Hansen, Edith, van 't Hof, Luana, Giardinelli, Mahmoud, Hemmo, Jonas M, Hessling, Zeynep, Ilkkursun, Mark J D, Jordans, Nikolai, Kiselev, Christine, Knaevelsrud, Gülsah, Kurt, Saara, Martinmäki, David, McDaid, Naser, Morina, Hadeel, Naser, A-La, Park, Monique C, Pfaltz, Bayard, Roberts, Matthis, Schick, Ulrich, Schnyder, Julia, Spaaij, Frederik, Steen, Karine, Taha, Ersin, Uygun, Peter, Ventevogel, Claire, Whitney, Anke B, Witteveen, Marit, Sijbrandij, Aniek, Woodward, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Kurt, Gülşah, de Graaff, A.M., Cuijpers, P., Akhtar, A., Alkneme, M.S., Aoun, M., Awwad, M., Bawaneh, A.Y., Brown, F.L., Bryant, R., Burchert, S., Carswell, K., Drogendijk, A., Engels, M., Fuhr, D.C., Hansen, P., van 't Hof, E., Giardinelli, L., Hemmo, M., Hessling, J.M., Jordans, M.J.D., Kiselev, N., Knaevelsrud, C., Martinmaki, S., McDaid, D., Morina, N., Naser, H., Park, A.L., Pfaltz, M.C., Roberts, B., Schick, M., Schnyder, U., Spaaij, J., Steen, F., Taha, K., Uygun, E., Ventevogel, P., Whitney, C., Witteveen, A.B., Sijbrandij, M., STRENGTHS consortium, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Anthropology of Health, Care and the Body (AISSR, FMG), Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Mental Health, APH - Global Health, Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, and Midwifery Science
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Refugees ,BF Psychology ,Syria ,Anxiety disorders ,Depression and mood disorders ,General and internal medicine ,General Medicine ,Psychosocial Intervention ,Depression & mood disorders ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Middle East ,MENTAL HEALTH ,Meta-Analysis as Topic ,RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ,HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform ,Humans ,100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie ,mental health ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
Introduction: The World Health Organization's (WHO) scalable psychological interventions, such as Problem Management Plus (PM+) and Step-by-Step (SbS) are designed to be cost-effective non-specialist delivered interventions to reduce symptoms of common mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The STRENGTHS consortium aims to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and implementation of the individual format of PM+ and?its group version (gPM+), as well as of the digital SbS intervention among Syrian refugees in seven countries in Europe and the Middle East. This is a study protocol for a prospective individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis to evaluate (1) overall effectiveness and cost-effectiveness and (2) treatment moderators of PM+, gPM+ and?SbS with Syrian refugees. Methods and analysis: Five pilot randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven fully powered RCTs conducted within STRENGTHS will be combined into one IPD meta-analytic dataset. The RCTs include Syrian refugees of 18 years and above with elevated psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10>15)) and impaired daily functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0>16)). Participants are randomised into the intervention or care as usual control group, and complete follow-up assessments at 1-week, 3-month and 12-month follow-up. Primary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety (25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist). Secondary outcomes include daily functioning (WHODAS 2.0), PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5) and self-identified problems (PSYCHLOPS). We will conduct a one-stage IPD meta-analysis using linear mixed models. Quality of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach, and the economic evaluation approach will be assessed using the CHEC-list. Ethics and dissemination: Local ethical approval has been obtained for each RCT. This IPD meta-analysis does not require ethical approval. The results of this study will be published in international peer-reviewed journals., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014–2020)
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- 2022
27. Estimated prevalence rates and risk factors for common mental health problems among Syrian and Afghan refugees in Türkiye
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Gulsah Kurt, Peter Ventevogel, Maryam Ekhtiari, Zeynep Ilkkursun, Merve Erşahin, Nuriye Akbiyik, Ceren Acarturk, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), Kurt, Gülşah, Ekhtiari, Maryam, İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Ventevogel, P., Akbıyık, N., Erşahin, M., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Sociology, and Department of Psychology
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Psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Syrians ,Afghans ,Refugees ,Mental health ,Turkiye - Abstract
Background: Türkiye hosts 4 million refugees and asylum seekers, with Syrians and Afghans being among the largest refugee groups in country. There are limited comparative data on the conflict- and displacement-related experiences of these groups and the relation with mental health status. Aims: to assess the mental health status of Syrians and Afghans in Türkiye, identify risk factors and explore to what extent differences in mental health conditions are related to potentially traumatic events and post-displacement stressors. Method: two parallel online survey studies were conducted between April and June 2021 among 798 Syrians and 785 Afghans in Türkiye. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, traumatic events (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire), post-displacement stressors (Post-Migration Living Difficulties Checklist), symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, short form). Results: for Syrian and Afghan participants respectively, estimated prevalence rates were: 41.1% and 50.3% for depression; 39.6% and 41% for anxiety; and 41.6% and 46.5% for PTSD. In both groups, significant predictors were female gender, exposure to potentially traumatic events, and structural and socioeconomic post-displacement stressors. Additional risk factors were older age for Afghans and higher education for Syrians. Conclusions: self-reported symptoms of common mental health problems are highly prevalent among Syrian and Afghan refugees and associated with a wide range of risk factors. After controlling for conflict- and displacement-related experiences, Afghans reported higher anxiety symptoms than Syrians, which is likely related to their legal status in Türkiye., Koç University Seed Fund Program
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- 2022
28. Trajectories of psychosocial symptoms and wellbeing in asylum seekers and refugees exposed to traumatic events and resettled in Western Europe, Turkey, and Uganda
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Marianna Purgato, Federico Tedeschi, Giulia Turrini, Ceren Acartürk, Minna Anttila, Jura Augustinavicious, Josef Baumgartner, Richard Bryant, Rachel Churchill, Zeynep Ilkkursun, Eirini Karyotaki, Thomas Klein, Markus Koesters, Tella Lantta, Marx R. Leku, Michela Nosè, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Mariana Popa, Eleonora Prina, Marit Sijbrandij, Ersin Uygun, Maritta Välimäki, Lauren Walker, Johannes Wancata, Ross G. White, Pim Cuijpers, Wietse Tol, Corrado Barbui, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna, Tedeschi, Federico, Turrini, Giulia, Anttila, Minna, Augustinavicious, Jura, Baumgartner, Josef, Bryant, Richard, Churchill, Rachel, Karyotaki, Eirini, Klein, Thomas, Koesters, Markus, Lantta, Tella, Leku, Marx R., Nose, Michela, Ostuzzi, Giovanni, Popa, Mariana, Prina, Eleonora, Sijbrandij, Marit, Uygun, Ersin, Valimaki, Maritta, Walker, Lauren, Wancata, Johannes, White, Ross G., Cuijpers, Pim, Tol, Wietse, Barbui, Corrado, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Individual participant data analysis ,psychological symptoms ,Refugees ,Psychology, clinical ,Psychiatry ,SDG 5 - Gender Equality ,Turkey ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,Asylum seekers ,Psychological symptoms ,Wellbeing / Análisis de datos departicipantes individuales ,Solicitantes de asilo ,Refugiados ,Síntomaspsicológicos ,Bienestar ,refugees ,Europe ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,wellbeing ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Humans ,Uganda ,asylum seekers - Abstract
Background: longitudinal studies examining mental health trajectories in refugees and asylum seekers are scarce. Objectives: to investigate trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing in refugees and asylum seekers, and identify factors associated with these trajectories. Method: 912 asylum seekers and refugees from the control arm of three trials in Europe (n = 229), Turkey (n = 320), and Uganda (n = 363) were included. We described trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing, and used trauma exposure, age, marital status, education, and individual trial as predictors. Then, we assessed the bidirectional interactions between wellbeing and psychological symptoms, and the effect of each predictor on each outcome controlling for baseline values. Results: symptom improvement was identified in all trials, and for wellbeing in 64.7% of participants in Europe and Turkey, versus 31.5% in Uganda. In Europe and Turkey domestic violence predicted increased symptoms at post-intervention (ss = 1.36, 95% CI 0.17-2.56), whilst murder of family members at 6-month follow-up (ss = 1.23, 95% CI 0.27-2.19). Lower wellbeing was predicted by murder of family member (ss = -1.69, 95% CI -3.06 to -0.32), having been kidnapped (ss = -1.67, 95% CI -3.19 to -0.15), close to death (ss = -1.38, 95% CI -2.70 to -0.06), and being in the host country >= 2 years (ss = -1.60, 95% CI -3.05 to -0.14). In Uganda at post-intervention, having been kidnapped predicted increased symptoms (ss = 2.11, 95% CI 0.58-3.65), and lack of shelter (ss = -2.51, 95% CI -4.44 to -0.58) and domestic violence predicted lower wellbeing (ss = -1.36, 95% CI -2.67 to -0.05). Conclusion: many participants adapt to adversity, but contextual factors play a critical role in determining mental health trajectories. / Antecedentes: estudios longitudinales que examinan las trayectorias de la salud mental en losrefugiados y solicitantes de asilo son escasos. Objetivos: investigar las trayectorias de los síntomas psicológicos y el bienestar en refugiadosy solicitantes de asilo, e identificar factores asociados a estas trayectorias.Métodos:Se incluyeron 912 solicitantes de asilos y refugiados del brazo control de tresensayos clínicos en Europa (n= 229), Turquía (n= 320) y Uganda (n= 363). Describimos las trayectorias psicológicas de los síntomas y el bienestar, y utilizamos la exposición traumática, laedad, el estado marital, la educación y el juicio individual como predictores. Después,evaluamos las interacciones bidireccionales entre el bienestar y los síntomas psicológicos, yel efecto de cada uno de los predictores en cada resultado controlando por los valores iniciales.Resultados: se identificó una mejoría en los síntomas en todos los ensayos, y del bienestar en el64.7% de los participantes en Europa y Turquía, versus el 31.5% en Uganda. En Europa y en Turquía,la violencia doméstica predijo el incremento de síntomas de después de la intervención (ß= 1.36,95% CI 0.17 a 2.56), mientras que el homicidio de algún miembro familiar a los 6 meses deseguimiento (ß= 1.23, 95% CI 0.27 a 2.19). Un menor bienestar fue predicho por el homicidio dealgún miembro de la familia (ß=−1.69, 95% CI−3.06 a−0.32), haber sido secuestrado (ß=−1.67, 95% CI−3.19 a−0.15), haber estado próximo a la muerte (ß=−1.38, 95% CI−2.70 a−0.06), y estar en el país de acogida≥2años(ß=−1.60, 95% CI−3.05 a−0.14). En Uganda,después de la intervención, haber sido secuestrado predijo un aumento de los síntomas(ß=2.11, 95% CI 0.58 a 3.65), y la falta de refugio (ß=−2.51, 95% CI−4.44 a−0.58) y laviolencia doméstica predijo un menor bienestar (ß=−1.36, 95% CI−2.67 a−0.05).Conclusión: muchos participantes se adaptan a la adversidad, pero los factores contextualesjuegan un papel crítico en determinar las trayectorias de la salud mental., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Commission (EC); RE-DEFINE: Refugee Emergency DEFining and Implementing Novel Evidence-based psycho-social Interventions
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- 2022
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29. Problems after flight: understanding and comparing Syrians’ perspectives in the Middle East and Europe
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Naser Morina, Roland von Känel, Marit Sijbrandij, Ceren Acarturk, Matthis Schick, Monique C. Pfaltz, Richard A. Bryant, Julia Spaaij, Ulrich Schnyder, Zeynep Ilkkursun, Andrea Drescher, Aemal Akhtar, Nikolai Kiselev, Kenneth E. Miller, Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Mental Health, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Drescher, A., Kiselev, N., Akhtar, A., Bryant, R. A., von Känel, R., Miller, K. E., Pfaltz, M. C., Schick, M., Schnyder, U., Sijbrandij, M., Spaaij, J., Morina, N., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, and Morina, Naser
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Turkey ,Refugee ,Client-generated outcome measure ,Population ,Self-reported problems ,610 Medicine & health ,Mental health ,Multi-country ,Post-migration stressors ,PSYCHLOPS ,Refugees ,Syrian refugees ,Social issues ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Public, environmental and occupational health ,Socioeconomics ,education ,Government ,education.field_of_study ,Jordan ,Syria ,business.industry ,Public health ,Environmental and Occupational Health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,2739 Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities ,030227 psychiatry ,Europe ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,Public Health ,Thematic analysis ,Biostatistics ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business ,Switzerland ,Research Article - Abstract
Background: Syrian refugees and asylum seekers (SRAs) face multiple stressors after flight, which may vary due to different geographic, economic, cultural and socio-political contexts in the host countries. Past research has recognised the importance of participants’ own perspectives. The aims of this multi-country study were to identify and compare self-reported problems of SRAs between various settings. Methods: a semi-structured client-generated outcome measurement was used to collect data among adult SRAs in Jordan (N = 61), Turkey (N = 46) and Switzerland (N = 57) between September 2018 and November 2019. Answers were analysed following thematic analysis. Results: over half of the participants reported practical problems with an emphasis on camp-related problems (Jordan), finances (Turkey), employment (Jordan and Switzerland) and government regulations (Switzerland), followed by psychological, and social issues. Conclusion: this study highlights the impact of local contextual factors on wellbeing. The findings emphasise that planning preventative procedures and mental health care services for SRAs need to consider local challenges affecting the population in specific countries., Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI); National Health and Medical Research Council-European Union Grant; European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Research and Innovation Pro Innovation Programme Societal Challenges
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- 2021
30. Effectiveness of Self-Help plus in Preventing Mental Disorders in Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Western Europe: A Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial
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Corrado Barbui, Ross G. White, Johannes Wancata, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Tella Lantta, Malek Bajbouj, Rachel Churchill, Marianna Purgato, Josef Baumgartner, Marit Sijbrandij, Giulia Turrini, Teresa Au, Ceren Acarturk, Maritta Välimäki, Michela Nosè, Elisa Zanini, Pim Cuijpers, Lauren Walker, Minna Anttila, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Mariana Popa, Federico Tedeschi, Zeynep Ilkkursun, Davide Papola, Valentina Roselli, Mark van Ommeren, Massimo Biondi, Kenneth Carswell, Chiara Gastaldon, Markus Koesters, Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Global Health, APH - Mental Health, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Purgato, Marianna, Carswell, Kenneth, Tedeschi, Federico, Anttila, Minna, Au, Teresa, Bajbouj, Malek, Baumgartner, Josef, Biondi, Massimo, Churchill, Rachel, Cuijpers, Pim, Koesters, Markus, Gastaldon, Chiara, Lantta, Tella, Nose, Michela, Ostuzzi, Giovanni, Papola, Davide, Popa, Mariana, Roselli, Valentina, Sijbrandij, Marit, Tarsitani, Lorenzo, Turrini, Giulia, Valimaki, Maritta, Walker, Lauren, Wancata, Johannes, Zanini, Elisa, White, Ross, van Ommeren, Mark, Barbui, Corrado, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Refugee ,Asylum seekers ,Psychological intervention ,Psychological Distress ,Psychological well-being ,law.invention ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Standard Research Article ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Intervention (counseling) ,Psychological trauma ,medicine ,Humans ,Psychiatry ,Psychology ,Applied Psychology ,Stress Disorders ,Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview ,Refugees ,business.industry ,Mental Disorders ,Self-Help Plus ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,Psychological stress ,Self-help Plus ,Europe ,General Medicine ,SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Post-Traumatic ,General Health Questionnaire ,business - Abstract
Introduction: Self-Help Plus (SH+) is a group-based psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for managing stress. Objective: to assess the effectiveness of SH+ in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe. Methods: we conducted a randomized controlled trial in 5 European countries. Refugees and asylum seekers with psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire score >= 3), but without a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) or ICD/10 diagnosis of mental disorder, as assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), were randomized to SH+ or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). The primary outcome was the frequency of mental disorders with the MINI at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of mental disorders at postintervention, self-identified problems, psychological symptoms, and other outcomes. Results: four hundred fifty-nine individuals were randomly assigned to SH+ or ETAU. For the primary outcome, we found no difference in the frequency of mental disorders at 6 months (Cramer V = 0.007, p = 0.90, RR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.52-1.78), while the difference significantly favored SH+ at after the intervention (secondary outcome, measured within 2 weeks from the last session; Cramer V = 0.13, p = 0.01, RR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.29-0.87). Conclusions: this is the first randomized indicated prevention study with the aim of preventing the onset of mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees in Western Europe. As a prevention effect of SH+ was not observed at 6 months, but rather after the intervention only, modalities to maintain its beneficial effect in the long term need to be identified., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Commission (EC); RE-DEFINE: Refugee Emergency: DEFining and Implementing Novel Evidence-based Psychosocial Interventions
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- 2021
31. Cultural adaptation of a low-intensity group psychological intervention for Syrian refugees
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Kurt, Gülşah, Akhtar, A., Engels, M., Bawaneh, A., Bird, M., Bryant, R., Cuijpers, P., Hansen, P., Al-Hayek, H., Sijbrandij, M., Underhill, J., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Psychiatry ,Cultural adaptation ,Jordan ,Psychological intervention ,Syrian refugees ,Turkey - Abstract
Given the increasing use of low-intensity psychological interventions in humanitarian mental health and psychosocial support work, more attention is needed to strengthen the intersection between evidence-based interventions and cultural contextualisation. Undertaking the process of cultural adaptation ensures the appropriateness and acceptability of psychological interventions in these contexts. We present the process and results of conducting a cultural adaptation for the Group Problem Management Plus (GroupPM+) intervention, for Syrian refugees across two contexts; Jordan in camp settings and Turkey in urban settings. The first step of the adaptation was to conduct a rapid qualitative assessment following the Design, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation model proceeded by cognitive interviews and a workshop designed to apply changes according to the Bernal framework. Based on the results, a total of 82 changes were proposed across the intervention manual, training, supervision and implementation protocols. Changes ranged from minor amendments to terminology to broader changes to how metaphors, stories and illustrations are presented during the intervention. Additionally, two substantial adaptations were suggested: (1) the addition of a session designed to enhance family engagement, and (2) the development of a male case study. Changes were incorporated prior to the implementation of the GroupPM+ intervention in Jordan and Turkey., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; National Health and Medical Research Council and European Union Grant; European Union Horizon 2020 Grant
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- 2021
32. Protocol for a randomized controlled trial: peer-to-peer Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) for adult Syrian refugees in Turkey
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Ersin Uygun, Zeynep Ilkkursun, Marit Sijbrandij, A. Tamer Aker, Richard Bryant, Pim Cuijpers, Daniela C. Fuhr, Anne M. de Graaff, Joop de Jong, David McDaid, Naser Morina, A-La Park, Bayard Roberts, Peter Ventevogel, Taylan Yurtbakan, Ceren Acarturk, On behalf of the STRENGHTS consortium, Clinical Psychology, APH - Mental Health, Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, APH - Global Health, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, Acartürk, Ceren, İlkkurşun, Zeynep, Uygun, Ersin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Aker, A. Tamer, Bryant, Richard, Cuijpers, Pim, Fuhr, Daniela C., de Graaff, Anne M., de Jong, Joop, McDaid, David, Morina, Naser, Park, A-La, Roberts, Bayard, Ventevogel, Peter, Yurtbakan, Taylan, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, and University of Zurich
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Male ,Turkey ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Cognitive behavioural therapy ,Anxiety ,Psychological Distress ,law.invention ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Disability Evaluation ,Study Protocol ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,Informed consent ,law ,RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ,2736 Pharmacology (medical) ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Aged, 80 and over ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Depression ,Group interventions ,Mental health ,Post-traumatic stress ,Refugee ,Task shifting ,Trans-diagnostic ,Refugees ,2701 Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Middle Aged ,Culturally Competent Care ,Justice and Strong Institutions ,3. Good health ,Medicine, research and experimental ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,SDG 16 - Peace ,Adolescent ,610 Medicine & health ,Peer Group ,HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Intervention (counseling) ,Humans ,Aged ,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ,Syria ,business.industry ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,Social Support ,030227 psychiatry ,Clinical trial ,10057 Klinik für Konsiliarpsychiatrie und Psychosomatik ,Family medicine ,business ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
Background: a large proportion of Syrians have been exposed to potentially traumatic events, multiple losses, and breakdown of supportive social networks and many of them have sought refuge in host countries where they also face post-migration living difficulties such as discrimination or integration problems or both. These adversities may put Syrian refugees at high risk for common mental disorders. In response to this, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a trans-diagnostic scalable psychological intervention called Problem Management Plus (PM+) to reduce psychological distress among populations exposed to adversities. PM+ has been adapted for Syrian refugees and can be delivered by non-specialist peer lay persons in the community. Methods: a randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted with 380 Syrian refugees in Turkey. After providing informed consent, participants with high levels of psychological distress (scoring above 15 on the Kessler-10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10)) and functional impairment (scoring above 16 on the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, or WHODAS 2.0) will be randomly assigned to Group PM+/enhanced care as usual (Group PM+/E-CAU) (n = 190) or E-CAU (n = 190). Outcome assessments will take place 1 week after the fifth session (post-assessment), 3 months after the fifth session and 12 months after baseline assessment. The primary outcome is psychological distress as measured by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25). Secondary outcomes include functional impairment, post-traumatic stress symptoms, self-identified problems, and health system and productivity costs. A process evaluation will be conducted to explore the feasibility, challenges and success of the intervention with 25 participants, including participants, facilitators, policy makers and mental health professionals. Discussion: the treatment manual of the Syrian-Arabic Group PM+ and training materials will be made available through the WHO once the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Group PM+ have been established., European Union (European Union); Horizon 2020; Research and Innovation Programme, Societal Challenges
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- 2020
33. Mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Turkey
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Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271), İlkkurşun, Zeynep, McGrath, Michael, Roberts, Bayard, Cuijpers, Pim, Sijbrandij, Marit, Sondorp, Egbert, Ventevogel, Pieter, McKee, Martin, Fuhr, Daniela C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology
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Depression ,Anxiety ,Posttraumatic stress disorders ,Syrian refugees ,Psychology ,Common mental health disorders - Abstract
Purpose: the war in Syria has created the greatest refugee crisis in the 21st century. Turkey hosts the highest number of registered Syrian refugees, who are at increased risk of common mental disorders because of their exposure to war, violence and post-displacement stressors. The aim of this paper is to examine the prevalence and predictors of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Syrian refugees living in Turkey. Methods: a cross-sectional survey of adult Syrian refugees was conducted between February and May 2018 in Istanbul (Sultanbeyli district). Participants (N=1678) were randomly selected through the registration system of the district municipality. The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25) was used to measure anxiety and depression and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist (PCL-5) assessed posttraumatic stress. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used. Results: the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD were 36.1%, 34.7% and 19.6%, respectively. Comorbidity was high. Regression analyses identified several socio-demographic, health and post-displacement variables that predicted common mental disorders including: being female, facing economic difficulties, previous trauma experience, and unmet need for social support, safety, law and justice. A lifetime history of mental health treatment and problems accessing adequate healthcare were associated with depression and anxiety but not with PTSD. Conclusions: mental disorder symptoms are highly prevalent among Syrian refugees in Turkey. The association with post-displacement factors points to the importance of comprehensive health and social services that can address these social, economic and cultural stressors., STRENGTHS (Syrian REfuGees MeNTal HealTH Care Systems) Project; European Union (European Union); Horizon 2020; Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014-2020)
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- 2020
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