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Dominican use of the Spanish term indio to describe skin color and Black-white1 mixture has sparked debates in academic and social spheres for decades. Despite vehement (inter)national opposition, 'indio' has flourished as a perceivable and linguistically intelligible category of meaning in the Dominican Republic (DR). Although research on the Dominican racial setting has frequently engaged the term, existing studies do not elaborate indio's multiple and evolving meanings. This article uses a broad range of data to trace indio's complex and often contradictory journey to becoming an integral part of Dominican identities and considers whether, in light of a 2011 government pronouncement, the term is also poised for a process of un-becoming. The discussion analyzes what indio means in the DR, and the examination of Dominican alignment with the term reveals a great deal about race and identity in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very Big Art uses a variety of both virtual and real media to create a nexus where architecture, the public realm, urban design, performance, ephemerality and art meet at an often colossal scale – a 21st‐century reworking of the notion of the architectural 'folly'. Architectural designer and educator Andrew Kovacs describes a brief history of some of the early exponents of arch‐art, and leads us through some recent examples, including the output of his own practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esse artigo tem por objetivo analisar, a partir da ideia de invenção da Amazônia, os termos utilizados por portugueses e espanhóis para designar o Outro, o nativo, o caboclo, o índio, durante o processo de colonização da Amazônia, e como essas designações são apresentadas nos relatos de viagem e posteriormente na literatura da/na Amazônia. Para tanto, utilizaremos a abordagem crítica dos estudos pós-coloniais, principalmente os argumentos de Henrique Dussel, Neide Gondim, Ana Pizarro, Eduardo Galeano, Hugo Achugar, Albert Memmi, dentre outros, para tratar da colonização da Amazônia, analisando os termos: índio, caboclo e guardião de fronteira, empregados pelos colonizadores na Amazônia. Os resultados apontam que a utilização desses termos revela a estratégia perversa do colonizador em identificar o Outro, o diferente, inferiorizando-o, subjugando-o, justificando assim, a dominação, a exploração. Essas estratégias se estendem até os dias atuais de forma ainda mais refinada, por isso, a urgência em refletir e expor epistemicamente esse processo, a fim de descolonizar o olhar e as práticas em relação aos nativos da/na Amazônia.

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El presente escrito realiza una lectura del trabajo del colectivo artístico Tlacolulokos desde un acercamiento crítico al concepto de identidad. A partir de la serie pictórica Para el orgullo de tu pueblo, por el camino de los viejos y recuerdo de los olvidados, proponemos que los grupos no mestizos construyen, adoptan y problematizan sus rasgos y características distintivas mediante procesos abiertos a la transformación, en diálogo constante con las prácticas y saberes heredados, y con lo porvenir; por lo anterior, dichos procesos deben pensarse política y estratégicamente, de manera que den espacio para la permanencia y el cambio, y no en términos esenciales.

La jarosita es producida en la naturaleza en ambientes húmedos en presencia de sulfuros; además es producida en forma de precipitado en algunos procesos metalúrgicos como método de tratamiento de algunas soluciones para el control de hierro presente en las soluciones ácidas; el precipitado formado como jarosita tiene contenidos de algunos metales de interés como el oro, la plata, y el indio. En este trabajo se presenta el efecto del pH, concentración de pirofosfato y tiempo de lixiviación con la finalidad de recuperar el indio contenido en una jarosita industrial a temperatura ambiente

In the aftermath of the 1929 capitalist crisis, Latin America experienced peasant rebellions and military dictatorships. This article explores the crisis of agrarian societies from two books published in 1935: Ta tempestad, by Flavio Herrera, and Agua, by José María Arguedas. I examine the spatiality of the agrarian cosmos and how each author uses inversed, prosopopoeia images, of a world in war. Also, I study the fundamental differences in the conceptualization of the Indian in plantations. Finally, I analyze the centrality of the racial wound in societies based on the agrarian violence of plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a perspective on the lives of indigenous women in the context of the European conquest and colonization of the Caribbean, specifically on the island of Hispaniola. It integrates ethnohistorical information, published primary sources, secondary sources and results of archaeological research. The text articulates a general vision, which summarizes scattered and sometimes little-known data, reflecting the action of dominance over women, the complexity of the female experience in this universe, and also their capacities to face change and transmit the indigenous cultural legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article problematizes the use of the conceptualization of 'Indian' in La Araucanía, Chile. Through a historical approach, the origins of the 'Indian' are discussed, as well as the causes and psychosocial consequences that this denomination has brought to indigenous subjects, mainly the Mapuche in Chile. The methodology is qualitative of documentary-descriptive type of scientific articles, they allow a historical understanding of the origins of the Indian concept and how it prevails in society. Content analysis is used in which the nuclei of explicit and latent sense and meaning that underlie the concept 'Indian' are identified. The results reveal that the deconstruction of the 'indian' would progressively eradicate practices of racism and discrimination against indigenous children, youth and adults. We conclude that the deconstruction of the "Indian" concept implies starting from the basis of the recognition of an intercultural epistemological pluralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We will correlate African decolonization and Brazilian Indian literature, emphasizing three ideas: colonialism is the structuring axis of production of the Black and Indian as minorities racially justified, leading to their invisibilization, silencing and privatism, so they become represented by Whites as their tutor, master and proprietary; decolonization, which only can be made by the colonized group-subject, confers all protagonism to this same minor group-subject that, from this condition as sore and stigma racially- -based, publicizes his voice and streamlines his critical-emancipatory praxis; and the aesthetical-literary construction becomes the place for normative self- -constitution and thematization of the epistemological-political conditions that produce-reproduce political-cultural minorities, constituting itself as a key political instrument of facing eurocentrism-colonialism-racism. Decolonization, by promoting the voice and protagonism of and for minor group- -subject, deconstructs the naturalized idea of Black, Indian, White etc., explicating them as politicity, relationality, normativity, and historicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article explores from pharaohs, to princes, popes to pop stars, architecture has consistently been used as the catalyst to augment the power of performance. The desire for spectacle and its appropriate setting goes back millennia and architecture has been at the centre of its delivery. Whether it is the Pyramids of Giza, the agoras of ancient Greece, the Colosseum, circus, arena or stadium, architecture has provided the envelope and backdrop for the unfolding performance.

El objetivo de este artículo es explicar las causas, fuentes y procesos de conceptualización antropológica sobre el indio —entendido como objeto de estudio— que se desarrollaron en Cusco, desde 1942, año de fundación institucional de la disciplina, hasta 1973, año de su primera gran crisis. En ese sentido, planteo que dichos procesos de conceptualización estuvieron condicionados por la manera como se configuraron las condiciones sociales y políticas de los antropólogos, en relación a la teoría antropológica que se leía por esos años y la situación institucional de la disciplina. Todo esto, frente a determinados contextos ideológicos —como los indigenismos— y sociopolíticos —como las revueltas sociales.

RESUMO Dialogando com o contexto de alta mortalidade indígena gerada por uma epidemia, e o esforço da administração de D. José I em inserir regularmente cativos africanos no Grão-Pará, o artigo analisa tensões entre dois projetos relacionados ao uso da mão de obra na capitania. De um lado, estava a intensificação da escravidão indígena e seu uso como principal força de trabalho na região. Do outro, a tentativa de incorporação regular do cativo africano na base da economia local. A análise se apoia no escrutínio de episódios pontuais: a publicação de uma Bula papal, a dissimulação do governador do Maranhão e a resistência à utilização do trabalho africano.

En este artículo se desarrolla la forma en que los diversos factores socioculturales y económicos, que caracterizan la dinámica cultural de la comunidad nahua de Cuentepec, Morelos, definen el papel de las mujeres. Esta comunidad mantiene una identidad apegada a la tradición cultural de los pueblos indígenas que practican la agricultura; sin embargo, en las últimas décadas su dinámica organizacional ha experimentado cambios que muestran una transición socioeconómica. Esto, a partir de la introducción y adaptación de la población a nuevos conectores con el exterior a la comunidad se generó una fluida interacción con la población mestiza. Por ejemplo, con la intensa migración pendular se incrementó la actividad laboral, la profesionalización escolar y la capacidad económica. Si bien, todo esto ha provocado cambios en la interacción comunitaria de las mujeres, es precisamente su actuar social lo que ha permitido mantener la continuidad cultural y la cohesión social interna. Se trata, entonces, de una investigación realizada con metodología etnográfica, con observación participante e interacción directa con la comunidad. Así como de una revisión documental y etnográfica previa.

Defining in a single category the complex reality of the peoples who have always inhabited the American continent has been a multifaceted problem. The misunderstanding of the West, the lack of creativity when using words, the inconvenience and contradiction of some concepts and the construction of a history from a Eurocentric paradigm, have been some of the factors that have made the matter more complex. Of all of them, the category “Indian” seems to be the most appropriate, as long as it goes through a process of reconstruction and dignity. This paper tries to make a journey through this category from the cultural realities of the continent to propose a new reading of the Indian as the property of these ancestral and living peoples of our continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following essay explores the literary character of the Indio –as it appears in an entremés drafted in Potosí during the Eighteenth Century– in order to provide a comprehensive look at the linguistic representation of indigenous populations within Bolivian baroque literature. For this purpose, speeches and dialogues performed by indigenous characters are analyzed thoroughly, taking into account the main linguistic phenomena (phonic, morphosyntactic, and lexical). Our article examines both: similarities –regarding the category of this linguistic stereotype– as well as differences – concerning the representation of other Indigenous characters in Andean colonial literature. This paper concludes that although the archetype of the so-called “funny” Indio character originates in the cultural background of the Spanish Golden Age, some characteristics and functions differ from the original model as the New World provides a set of linguistic features adapted to the Spanish American context.

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This dossier seeks to make the Indian Caribbean more visible and more pertinent to critical debates within Caribbean discourses. Few studies have undertaken serious analyses of Indian Caribbean creative expression, and most ignore the newness and complex fusions that characterize music, dance, and visual cultures in the postindenture diaspora. We endeavor to nuance conversations around marginalized Caribbean cultural production and multilocal identity, understanding the arts as useful historical archives. An overview of Indian indentureship precedes the presentation of the articles, which provide deep analyses that critically address these issues: how Indian identity is expressed and debated in performative and artistic practices, including LGBTQ challenges to categories of race and gender; what comparative analyses reveal about continuity, change, and exchange across the Indian Caribbean diaspora; how racial and cultural alterities are resolved within an African "creole" and/or multicultural framework; and how orientations to India, citizenship, and transnational belonging are expressed and processed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A finales del siglo XIX e inicios del XX en el Perú se desarrollaba un debate respecto de qué Estado podía levantarse sobre la base de la sociedad peruana. En este sentido, fue imprescindible conocer las características de la sociedad. Las emergentes y noveles ciencias sociales asumieron esta tarea. Sin embargo, la construcción del Estado-nación peruano exigía una mirada de conjunto, es decir una narrativa del derrotero que ha seguido y seguirá la comunidad. Es en este punto en el que las narrativas históricas toman un papel central en la proyección de una nacionalidad. José Carlos Mariátegui participó en la elaboración de una narrativa histórica de carácter moderno para el Perú. En este texto sostenemos que hay dos conceptos que articulan la narrativa mariateguiana de la historia: el indio y el mito. Ambos conceptos se articulan mediados por el marxismo construyendo así una subjetividad revolucionaria como factor de concreción de la nación peruana.

Este artículo tiene como principal objetivo analizar los alcances que tuvo la polémica en torno al alivio de pobres en la ficción literaria durante el siglo XVII. Se manejaron en el ambiente intelectual, especialmente en la escuela de Salamanca, una serie de conceptos filosóficos, teológicos y legales para decidir las pautas de convivencia con los súbditos de las colonias. Al mismo tiempo los pobres del reino eran objeto de las preocupaciones de intelectuales y escritores de ficción como Miguel de Cervantes y Mateo Alemán. Se destaca la coincidencia éntrelos puntos de vista de los autores de ficción y la obra del Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. Surgen una serie de estrategias estilísticas que describen y clasifican a los habitantes autóctonos de las Indias americanas como pobres y miserables, especialmente durante distintos pasajes de los Comentarios reales.

This article examines the representations of the Araucanian world in Lucio V. Mansilla’s Una excursión a los indios ranqueles, a travel story published in Buenos Aires in 1870. Drawing on a discursive and argumentative approach, the article analyses and explores how, via the different ethos set out in the story, e.g. that of the ethnographer, the philologist, the politician, the soldier and the literary man; as well as through his description of the indigenous world, Mansilla tries to denounce the dichotomy barbarism-civilization. Based on his own experience with the Ranquele Indians, Mansilla establishes a series of analogies between the discursive interactions of the Ranqueles and the political modalities of the “civilized” world, that reveals a subtle understanding of all the language dimensions. In his description, which could be that of a contemporary discourse analyst, the Ranqueles are portrayed as being on par with any Argentinean politician. However, Mansilla’s discursive universe, which is that of a cultured and literate politician of his time, and the mixed audience he targets, result in a rather heterogeneous vision of the indigenous world whose impending extermination he is trying to prevent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A céria (CeO2) tem atraído a atenção de muitos pesquisadores devido à sua variabilidade de aplicações. Entretanto, este trabalho teve como finalidade investigar a influência do dopante índio (In) na morfologia e nas propriedades fotocatalíticas da céria. A céria dopada com 10, 15 e 20% em mol de índio (Ce1-xInxO2) foi obtida pelo método de coprecipitação acrescida do tratamento hidrotérmico assistido por micro-ondas. Os materiais obtidos apresentaram diferentes morfologias com tamanhos entre 200 e 600 nm, dependendo da concentração de dopante utilizada. A morfologia também tem corroborarado nas propriedades fotocatalíticas observadas na degradação do azul de metileno, em que houve um melhor resultado nas proporções de 10 e 15% em mol de índio. Por intermédio do perfil cinético observou-se que todos os materiais são regidos por uma lei de velocidade de pseudo primeira ordem.

Este trabajo analiza la voz indio en documentación americana escrita en español de 1494 a 1905. Examina cómo fue conceptualizado el indio por quienes escribieron esos documentos, qué nos dice la sintaxis de cómo eran las relaciones entre el indio y otros actores de la sociedad americana, qué papel tuvo el indio en la vida cotidiana de ese espacio geográfico y cuáles fueron los cambios conceptuales, reflejados en la sintaxis y en la semántica, producidos a lo largo de esas cuatro centurias en torno a esta voz. El artículo estudia la voz indio desde diversas variables independientes, sintácticas y semánticas, tales como la cuantificación diacrónica general de aparición de la voz; el soporte textual y el tipo textual en que preferentemente se documenta la voz; la comparación con otras voces identitarias de Hispanoamérica, como español; la aparición o no de cuantificadores determinando a indio; el grado de individuación con que esta voz aparece; la identificación y calificación de los referentes denotados mediante indio, así como las clases semánticas de verbos concurrentes con la voz. De todas ellas se infiere una fuerte asimetría social y el rango inferior de los referentes de esta voz; se observan, asimismo, cambios estadísticamente significativos, sobre todo, en el siglo xviii.

Copyright of Esferas is the property of Esferas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article proposes an analysis of the tensions that characterized the defense of two projects related to the use of labor in Grão-Pará, emphasizing a context of high indigenous mortality caused by an epidemic, the effort of the administration of D. José I to regularly insert African captives in Grão-Pará, and the creation of Companhia de Comércio do Grão-Pará and Maranhão. Besides the effort to intensify indigenous slavery and ensure its use as the main labor force in the region, there was also an attempt to make African captives the basis of the local economy. The analysis is based on the scrutiny of specific episodes: publication of a papal bull, the dissimulation of the governor's lie and resistance to the use of African labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how Prospero Cahuantzi, governor of Tlaxcala from 1885-1911, claimed his Indigenous heritage. Cahuantzi asserted his Indigenousness by contributing to the Porfirian administration's nation- building campaigns, which glorified Mexico's Indigenous past. The article traces how Cahuantzi collected, disseminated, and protected Indigenous arti-facts and history. Through his actions, which included giving speeches in Nahuatl at the Eleventh International Congress of Americanists (Mexico City, 1895), Cahuantzi ingratiated himself to national and international elites. Thus, the article shows howCahuantzi's Indigenousness helped him to secure a permanent political position in Porfirio Diaz's dictatorship (1876-1910). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the word indio and the concepts underlying it, in American documents from 1494 to 1905 written in Spanish. The paper examines the syntax, the semantics and the contexts in which indio appears, to shed light on the relationships between indio and other actors of the American society, like español, and to shed light on the conceptual changes along 400 years. The paper analyzes various independent syntactic and semantic variables; for instance, the general frequency of the word during four centuries, the textual genre in which indio preferably appears, the quantifi- cation, the individuation, and the semantic classes of verbs. In all variables, it is clear a strong social asymmetry for indio and the low social class status that indio had always in Spanish America. There are some important grammatical and conceptual changes in the 18th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo discute o contraponto entre estereótipos e amorosidade, em relação aos índígenas amazônicos, a partir da análise do filme Tainá, uma aventura na Amazônia (2001). Apresenta a realidade dessa comunidade, considerando a complexidade, exuberância e diversidade social, desconstruindo concepções etnocêntricas. Resulta de abordagem transdisciplinar, considerando os pressupostos dos Ecossistemas Comunicacionais, com base em levantamento bibliográfico, observação e análise do filme.

In 2014, Carlos Macusaya Cruz, a member of MINKA (Indianista Katarista Movement), a group that aims the diffusion of the Indianista thought for self-determination in Abya Yala, published Desde el sujeto racializado. Consideraciones sobre el pensamiento indianista de Fausto Reinaga (335 pp.). Book that seeks to contribute to the development of political discourse indianismo, for which concentrates on the work and person of Indian thinker Fausto Reinaga.

Notre travail aborde le dictionnaire en tant que reflet des particularités culturelles d'un peuple donné, en prenant comme objet d'étude spécifique Diccionario del Español de México. Notre analyse se centre sur le traitement du mot indio dans ce dictionnaire, dans le but de préfigurer le concept et la marque sociale générés par l'apparition de ce vocable dans le DEM. Dans son ensemble, le travail vise à déterminer le spectre discursif que l'on construit pour le vocable indio à travers sa définition et son apparition dans d'autres définitions et exemples d'usage dans ce dictionnaire.

En este texto, la autora explica el concepto de topic o tema en la teoría de la cooperación interpretativa propuesta por Umberto Eco. A partir de este concepto, se propone el topic de la experiencia de una aparente insensibilidad europea equivalente a una peculiar sensibilidad latinoamericana andina en el poema “Good-bye Lola” de Jorge Enrique Adoum. Se considera a este topic un recurso regulador de la cooperación interpretativa de este poema y otros que pueden dialogar con él; se los ubica primordialmente en los poemarios Prepoemas en Postespañol y Curriculum Mortis, escritos durante la permanencia del autor en Europa. Se analiza la ambigüedad semántica de términos como indio, destierro y memoria en el contexto poemático y las circunstancias espaciotemporales de enunciación de los textos analizados. En la línea de la cooperación interpretativa desarrollada por Eco, se analiza e interpreta la configuración sintáctica, semántica y pragmática de los textos poéticos a partir de su potencialidad significativa regulada por el topic.

Este trabajo tiene por objeto indagar los discursos identitarios que se construyeron en torno a la población rural de la provincia durante la segunda mitad del XIX y principios del XX. Explorar en la producción de discursos nos permite entender como se fue delineando “lo santiagueño” en paralelo a la construcción de alteridades. Metodológicamente nos valimos del análisis de obras de la intelectualidad del XIX, crónicas de foráneos y registros escolares. Esto nos posibilitó entender las condiciones sociales y políticas en las que fue surgiendo el discurso identitario sobre el santiagueño como sujeto colectivo y la forma en que operaba en las zonas rurales en relación a las viejas identificaciones coloniales de indio y mestizo. Lo santiagueño, entendemos, fue el producto de un discurso hegemónico atravesado por la dicotomía de lo bárbaro y lo civilizado que se imponía en un período en el que ya habían sido erosionadas las clasificaciones coloniales.

A partir de una analogía literaria en la obra la tempestad de Shakespeare con su personaje el Calibán se logra explicar la Dialéctica de la Conquista. La imagen del indio expuesta desde el lado oscuro: “la del mal salvaje”. Una visión que abrirá las puertas para la crítica e investigación de la Antropofagia en Oswald de Andrade. Para ello es necesario entender el contexto histórico, saber “De dónde viene Calibán” partiendo de las expediciones realizadas por Cristóbal Colon hacia América, en la unión de su viaje con el Sevillano Álvarez Chanca que narra su experiencia americana, con una admiración que sobrepasa el rigor científico, siendo uno de los primeros testimonios de Canibalismo; donde el indio es tomado como un salvaje y un indiscutible Calibán. En “Del Caribe a la Amazonía y las Rocallosas” se narran acontecimientos que demuestran el desequilibrio y la pérdida de la cordura que transforman los marcos epistémicos de nuestra época: “los parámetros de análisis dan un giro y permiten presentar lo salvaje como históricamente construido”. La Interculturalidad y antropofagia una afinidad que posibilita “deconstruir” la falsa identidad del sujeto a favor de la formación acertada de la Identidad Latinoamericana.

This article aims to present the news about Marechal Candido Rondon ahead of Indian Protection Service and Localization of National Workers (SPILTN -- abbreviation in Portuguese), and the repercussion of the indigenist policy undertaken by the Brazilian State towards the indigenous through the Rio Grande do Sul press, in the beginning of the twentieth century. The selected newspapers that broadcast news about the issue were the newspaper The Federation and the newspaper Correio do Povo. The newspapers should be understood as instruments by which society produces models, reflections and represents period perceptions, in this sense it is recognized the importance of the press as a historical source in the construction of knowledge in society. In order to do so, it will be analyzed the news published in the press regarding the creation of SPILTN, which inaugurates a new policy in defense of indigenous populations in 1910. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo's policies, a new urban paradigm has appeared at Brazilian Northern hinterlands (sertões) by means of Indian's town creation in order to civilize native people according to European Enlightenment models. Thus the aim of this paper is think of the effect that Indian's towns has brought to the sertões's urbanization as well as interpret its urban morphology in light of royal letter (or another official document) of towns foundation and cultural encounters have taken place between indigenous and European. Also it seeks to demonstrate that urban morphology acquired by those towns has presented trace elements both Enlightenment aesthetical normative as native culture re-meaning by adventitious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Esta colaboração especial para o Dossiê Pensamento Político Brasileiro, organizado por Vera Cepêda, da UFSCar, e Josnei Di Carlo, da UFSC, é uma resenha do livro O índio brasileiro e a Revolução Francesa, lançado originalmente em 1937 por Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco e reeditado em 2000.

La desnudes indígena fue enfrentada desde el proyecto de evangelización y civilización desplegado por España en el Nuevo Mundo. No solo se trató de una supuesta confrontación ética y moral sino de un acto de dominación en el que imponer la norma de vestir a los indígenas, servía para atacar sus identidades originarias y construir un nuevo ser, el indio. El uso y comercio de la ropa de segunda mano funciona varios siglos después como un recurso de señalización y explotación de la pobreza. En este texto reflexiono sobre estos dos momentos donde la ropa sirve para construir la identidad y naturaleza de los subordinados, y apuntar sobre la ubicación marginal del Caribe en los diseños de estructuración del poder global. A través del análisis histórico sobre manejo de ropa entre indígenas de las Antillas Mayores, y la vivencia antropológica en espacios comerciales de la ciudad de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, se constata la reiteración de los mecanismos de dominio y el papel central de la cultura material en estos.