Search

As water pollution is increasing due to industrialization, there is a high demand for easy-processing photocatalytic materials to clean wastewater. Here, the improvement in the photocatalytic dye degradation effect of graphene oxide (GO) surfaces, made of ultra-sonication assisted modified Hummer's method, is demonstrated with increasing alumina (Al2O3) concentration in the range of 4–30 wt. %. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction results suggest a gradual increment in crystalline Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) by reducing GO, in good agreement with the first-principles calculations. Moreover, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals the appearance of oxygenated functional groups with increasing Al2O3 concentration, leading to the formation of defect-rich GO as demonstrated by Raman spectroscopy. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy further reflects a maximum reduction in the optical bandgap from 1.88 to 1.56 eV up to a concentration of 15 wt. % Al2O3. Interestingly, the methylene blue degradation efficiency of GO under ultraviolet irradiation is also found to be improved from 45% to 64% with 15 wt. % Al2O3, whereas the formation of Al2O3 NPs in the range of 100–300 nm with 30 wt. % Al2O3 is found to be detrimental for photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized via the green route combustion-assisted method using tamarind seed powder as a fuel with the chemical formula Mn x Co 1-x Fe 2 O 4 , where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6, and named as CF, MCF-1, MCF-2, and MCF-3 NPs, respectively. XRD, FT-IR, SEM with EDS, XPS, TEM, CV, PL, and UV–visible spectroscopy have been employed to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The average crystalline sizes of NPs were 5.7, 6.1, 6.8, and 7.6 nm, and the lattice parameters increases as the manganese dopant level rises, owing to the XRD patterns. FT-IR spectra verified the observation of the metal-oxygen bond's vibrational stretching frequency in the tetrahedral and octahedral lattices. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the elemental composition, oxidation state, and transition state of the synthesized nanoparticles were identified. The structure resembles nanoflakes with agglomeration, as revealed by SEM and HRTEM, and the elemental composition was verified by EDS. UV–visible spectroscopy was employed to figure out the bandgap, which decreases as the level of manganese doping rises. As the dose of manganese dopant was increased, the peak intensity of the luminescence spectra reduces. Synthesized NPs showed good electrochemical behaviour in CV studies. Under visible light illumination, the photocatalytic efficacy of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated with methylene blue dye. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although, different plant species were utilized for the fabrication of polymorphic, hexagonal, spherical, and nanoflower ZnO NPs with various diameters, few studies succeeded in synthesizing small diameter ZnO nanorods from plant extract at ambient temperature. This work sought to pioneer the ZnO NPs fabrication from the aqueous extract of a Mediterranean salt marsh plant species Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss. and assess the role of temperature in the fabrication process. Various techniques have been used to evaluate the quality and physicochemical characteristics of ZnO NPs. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS) was used as the primary test for formation confirmation. TEM analysis confirmed the formation of two different shapes of ZnO NPs, nano-rods and near hexagonal NPs at varying reaction temperatures. The nano-rods were about 25.3 and 297.9 nm in diameter and in length, respectively while hexagonal NPs were about 29.3 nm. The UV–VIS absorption spectra of the two forms of ZnO NPs produced were 370 and 365 nm for nano-rods and hexagonal NPs, respectively. FT-IR analysis showed Zn–O stretching at 642 cm−1 and XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of the produced ZnO NPs. Thermogravimetric analysis; TGA was also used to confirm the thermal stability of ZnO NPs. The anti-tumor activities of the two prepared ZnO NPs forms were investigated by the MTT assay, which revealed an effective dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on A-431 cell lines. Both forms displayed considerable antioxidant potential, particularly the rod-shaped ZnO NPs, with an IC50 of 148.43 µg mL−1. The rod-shaped ZnO NPs were superior candidates for destroying skin cancer, with IC50 of 93.88 ± 1 µg mL−1 ZnO NPs. Thus, rod-shaped ZnO NPs are promising, highly biocompatible candidate for biological and biomedical applications. Furthermore, both shapes of phyto-synthesized NPs demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. The outcomes highlight the potential of phyto-synthesized ZnO NPs as an eco-friendly alternative for water and wastewater disinfection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of current study was to prepared zinc oxide nanofertilzers by ecofriendly friendly, economically feasible, free of chemical contamination and safe for biological use. The study focused on crude extract of Withania coagulans as reducing agent for the green synthesis of ZnO nano-particles. Biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR and GC–MS analysis. However, zinc oxide as green Nano fertilizer was used to analyze responses induced by different doses of ZnO NPs [0, 25, 50,100, 200 mg/l and Zn acetate (100 mg/l)] in Triticum aestivum (wheat). The stimulatory and inhibitory effects of foliar application of ZnO NPs were studied on wheat (Triticum aestivum) with aspect of biomass accumulation, morphological attributes, biochemical parameters and anatomical modifications. Wheat plant showed significant (p < 0.01) enhancement of growth parameters upon exposure to ZnO NPs at specific concentrations. In addition, wheat plant showed significant increase in biochemical attributes, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, carbohydrate and protein contents. Antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD, CAT) and total flavonoid content also confirmed nurturing impact on wheat plant. Increased stem, leaf and root anatomical parameters, all showed ZnO NPs mitigating capacity when applied to wheat. According to the current research, ZnO NPs application on wheat might be used to increase growth, yield, and Zn biofortification in wheat plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A macrocyclic azobenzene with unique thermal stability, demonstrating potential for use in optical data storage material is presented: The Z‐isomer of this novel photoswitch exhibits unparalleled thermal stability, with a thermal half‐life surpassing 120 years at 25 °C. This stability is attributed to the strategic fluorination at two ortho‐ and both para‐positions. Comparative analyses involving its non‐fluorinated counterpart, ortho‐only‐fluorinated variant, and open‐chain analog are performed. Employing NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, alongside Arrhenius, Eyring, and DFT calculations, revealed insights into its extraordinary stability. Furthermore, when incorporated into poly(methylmethacrylate), this material showcase efficient switching with visible light in the solid state, emphasizing its potential for optical data storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of rigid polystyrene‐based photoelastomers, named sty‐PM‐x, with bionic catechol pendants were synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and deprotection techniques. These polymers were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. Additionally, photophysical properties of the polymers were investigated using UV‐visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile tests, while interfacial adhesion was determined through cross‐cut tests. Experimental results reveal that photoelastomers, sty‐PM‐x, exhibit excellent photophysical properties, stretchability, and interfacial adhesion. This discovery provides a new perspective for the preparation of stretchable organic electroluminescent materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and structural characterization of three families of coordination complexes synthesized from 4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (8, Ph‐TPY), 4′‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (9, ClPh‐TPY) and 4′‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (10, MeOPh‐TPY) ligands with the divalent metals Co2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Ni2+ are reported. The compounds were synthesized from a 1:2 mixture of the metal and ligand, resulting in a series of complexes with the general formula [M(R‐TPY)2](ClO4)2 (where M = Co2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Ni2+, and R‐TPY = Ph‐TPY, ClPh‐TPY and MeOPh‐TPY). The general formula and structural and supramolecular features were determinated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction for bis(4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine)nickel(II) bis(perchlorate), [Ni(C21H15N3)2](ClO4)2 or [Ni(Ph‐TPY)2](ClO4)2, bis[4′‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine]manganese(II) bis(perchlorate), [Mn(C22H17N3O)2](ClO4)2 or [Mn(MeOPh‐TPY)2](ClO4)2, and bis(4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine)manganese(II) bis(perchlorate), [Mn(C21H15N3)2](ClO4)2 or [Mn(Ph‐TPY)2](ClO4)2. In all three cases, the complexes present distorted octahedral coordination polyhedra and the crystal packing is determined mainly by weak C—H...π interactions. All the compounds (except for the Ni derivatives, for which FT–IR, UV–Vis and thermal analysis are reported) were fully characterized by spectroscopic (FT–IR, UV–Vis and NMR spectroscopy) and thermal (TGA–DSC, thermogravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetry) methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Zr:Dy:LiNbO3 crystals are prepared by traditional pull‐up method, in which Zr4+ doping concentrations are 0, 1, 2, and 4 mol%, respectively. In this paper, the defective structure of Zr:Dy:LiNbO3 crystals and their resistance to photodamage under different Zr4+ concentration doping are studied. Firstly, the influence of Zr4+ doping concentration on the defective structure of Zr:Dy:LiNbO3 crystal and the occupancy of doped ions under different Zr4+ concentrations are tested and discussed by infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy and ultraviolet‐visible near‐infrared (UV–vis–NIR) absorption spectroscopy. The Judd–Ofelt theoretical analysis results show that when the concentration of doped Zr4+ is 2 mol%, the spectral quality factor (X) of Dy3+ in lithium niobate crystals is significantly improved compared with that of Dy3+ in other crystals. Secondly, resistance to photodamage of Zr:Dy:LiNbO3 crystals is studied and analyzed by the light scattering exposure energy flow threshold method. The results show that when the concentration of doped Zr4+ ions reaches 4 mol%, the exposure energy value is increased by 210 times compared with the no doping, which greatly improves the anti‐photodamage performance of the crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dinuclear copper (II) complex, Cu2 (RCOO)4(L)2 (1) while [RCOO = benzoate, L = 2-amino-3-chloro-5-trifluoro methyl pyridine], with square pyramidal geometry with four carboxylate bridged groups has been reported. This dinuclear copper (II) unit (with the most robust, frequently occurring paddle wheel structure) was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, UV, CV, TGA, and EPR studies. It exhibits catechol oxidase activity in methanol medium and the catecholase activity was monitored by the UV–Vis spectroscopy. The kinetic parameters have been determined by using Michaelis–Menten equation which shows that the complex is an efficient catalyst with very high turnover number. Preliminary mechanistic investigation of the catalytic behavior was established with the help of ESI–MS spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selenium has many beneficial bioactive properties yet has a narrow therapeutic window. This problem can be addressed by selenium in nanoform or selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). There are several chemical and physical approaches that can be employed for the synthesis of SeNPs. However, the biological route for SeNP synthesis is known to be more eco-friendly, economical, and biocompatible when assessing bioactivities. The present study demonstrates a biological approach that effectively facilitates the synthesis and stabilization of SeNPs with the help of secondary metabolites derived from endophytic fungi N. guilinensis i.e., NL(C)-SeNPs. The nanoparticles formed were characterized via various techniques i.e., UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, DLS, and TEM. The synthesized NL(C)-SeNPs were spherical with a size of 55 ± 7.0 nm. These capped SeNPs (NL(C)-SeNPs) show prominent bioactivity in terms of in-vitro anti-oxidant properties and anti-microbial activity on Escherichia coli, Enterobacter faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity on Aspergillus niger and Fusarium laterium. The results indicated NL(C)-SeNPs portray increased potential anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, their anti-cancer activity on the HepG2 cell line was also observed in a dose-dependent manner. However, additional studies related to the toxicity and synergistic effects of SeNPs, are required before their therapeutic applications [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work's central focus is synthesizing a novel hybrid compound, formulated as [C6H9N2]2Sb2Cl8. This compound was prepared using the slow evaporation method and confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 293 K. It crystallizes in the triclinic system with the centrosymmetric space group P 1 ¯ symmetry, and its unit cell (Z = 2). The intermolecular interactions have been studied using Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots, revealing that the Cl–H contacts contribute the most to the surface area (63.6%). Computational studies that include geometry optimization and harmonic vibrational frequencies were performed using B3LYP method with GENECP set. Acceptable consistency was observed between calculated and experimental results. The assignment of wavenumbers was based on potential energy distribution (PED) using Vibrational Energy Distribution Analysis (VEDA) software. The optical band gap determined by UV–Visible spectroscopy is 3.48 eV for a direct allowed transition. Impedance spectroscopy was performed over a temperature range of 313 K to 413 K and a frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz. The Nyquist plots indicated the presence of grain contributions. The conductivity study revealed that the synthesized material exhibits semiconductor behavior. A thermally activated conduction process was identified through the study of alternating conductivity, with a calculated activation energy of 1.104 eV. Additionally, the title compound exhibits a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR) with value of − 13%, suggesting the suitability of the sample for IR radiation detection applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, a significant focus has been on producing green nanomaterials as an environmentally sustainable to various environmental issues. These nanomaterials have shown promise in addressing problems, such as reducing harmful microorganisms. A potential strategy for their creation involves using bio-polysaccharides, which are cost-effective and readily available ingredients. In a recent study, researchers utilized bio-polysaccharides strychnos potatorum to synthesize iron nanoparticles through an in-situ bio-reduction process. Bio-polysaccharides acted as effective reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents during the production of iron nanoparticles (SP-FeNPs). Different characterization techniques, such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, DLS, XPS, and TEM were employed to analyze the SP-FeNPs. As indicated by TEM micrographs, the uniform and spherical-shaped NPs with an average mean diameter of 31.51 nm were observed. The antibacterial properties of biopolymer-based iron nanoparticles (SP-FeNPs) were investigated against Salmonella and Bacillus species. This approach demonstrates a positive environmental impact and offers a rapid and green synthesis route, making it an attractive and efficient method for FeNP production. This synthesis pathway meets all the criteria for a fully green chemical reaction, as it utilizes a polysaccharide that is energy-efficient, cost-effective, non-harmful to human health and the environment, yields reliable products, and generates minimal waste. This environmentally friendly technology has the potential to compete with conventional physical and chemical methods employed for FeNPs synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel heterogeneous catalyst Fe3O4@SB@Cu that contains a copper(II) Schiff base complex covalently immobilised on Fe3O4 nanoparticles was synthesised. The prepared catalyst is well characterised by FTIR spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, FE-SEM, TEM, VSM analysis, EDX, XRD analysis, TGA, CV technique, XPS and PL studies to confirm its structural and morphological features. The high BET surface area (117.34 m2/g) was achieved for particles with size 25–30 nm and saturation magnetisation of 43.4 emu/g. The catalytic potential of the synthesised catalyst Fe3O4@SB@Cu was investigated by employing H2O2 as an oxidant for the oxidation of anthracene to anthraquinone. Various parameters like catalytic loading, temperature and solvents were varied to determine the optimal catalytic conditions, and 96% yield of the product is obtained within 36 min when the reaction was performed in the acetonitrile solvent with 1.8% loading of the catalyst. The catalytic reaction was monitored by UV–Visible spectroscopy. Using an external magnet, the modified nanoparticles were easily retrieved from the reaction mixture and can be utilised for five more reaction cycles without the significant loss of activity or copper leaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have examined eight new first‐row transition metal complexes (1–8). Mutli‐donor ligands based on barbituric and thiobarbituric acids were used in complexation reactions. The synthesized complexes were analyzed using FT‐IR and UV–vis spectroscopy, elemental (CHN) analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. These complexes exhibited significant urease enzyme inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 13.73 ± 1.08–43.21 ± 1.50 μM. We observed excellent binding orientation of these complexes in the active site of Urease. The molecular docking results correlate well with in vitro observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing prevalence of Botrytis cinerea infections has accelerated the need for effective antifungal agents. Traditional chemical methods are often associated with environmental harm, making the green synthesis of nanoparticles an attractive alternative. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using extracts from three medicinal plants - Amaranthus viridis L., Mentha piperita L., and Ocimum basilicum L. - and evaluate their antifungal efficacy against Botrytis cinerea. AgNPs were synthesized using methanol extracts of the selected plants and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The synthesized AgNPs exhibited peak UV-visible absorption at 425 nm, 400 nm, and 420 nm, and had average particle sizes of 1.2 nm, 21.5 nm, and 358 nm for A. viridis, M. piperita, and O. basilicum, respectively. At a concentration of 3%, the AgNPs inhibited B. cinerea growth by 51%, 40.4%, and 39%. Further, an ethyl acetate fraction from A. viridis displayed 50% fungal inhibition at a concentration of 0.20%. GC-MS analysis revealed 15 bioactive compounds in the extracts. The study confirms that AgNPs synthesized from medicinal plants exhibit significant antifungal properties, making them potential candidates for the development of eco-friendly antifungal agents. The findings offer a green and sustainable avenue for the development of new antifungal agents and suggest further studies to optimize the synthesis process and investigate the mechanisms of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the dispersion of Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) in an electrolytic solution containing cations such as Ca2+, Al3+, Na+, and Mg2+ with different types of superplasticizers (Sika, Master Ease 3502, Prime DC, and Prime Flow) have been investigated. Further, the stabilized CNMs along with different superplasticizers (Sps) incorporated into the cementitious mortar and studied their mechanical strength. The influence of Sps on the stability of CNMs in an aqueous medium has been monitored by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The study concludes that Sika Sp was the best dispersant for the CNMs dispersion in an aqueous medium. The de-stability of the CNMs has followed this trend of the agglomerations in the electrolytic solution as Al3+>Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+. The Sika Sp has great dispersant properties as well as provides a homogeneous distribution of CNMs in a cementitious matrix which was supported by FE-SEM analysis. The addition of SIKA@PPC-GO (GO about 0.0015% by weight of cement) and SIKA@PPC-FCNTs (FCNTs about 0.0015% by weight of cement) results in enhancement of cement 11.67%, 8.73% for compressive and 26.35, 20.61% for tensile strength respectively, at the curing ages of 90 days. This investigation may provide advanced knowledge to predict the stability of CNMs in superplasticizer-based solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the intricate interplay between proteins and ligands is pivotal for rational drug development. This study investigates the binding of Ofloxacin to Hb using diverse biophysical techniques: fluorescence spectroscopy, UV‐visible spectroscopy, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and electrochemical analysis. Spectrophotometric data confirm a static quenching mechanism in ofloxacin‐Hb binding. Notably, ofloxacin‐Hb binding exhibits a significant change in free energy (−17.134 kJ/mol) and strong affinity via molecular docking was also observed (−8.2 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulations validated these results, showing a change in free energy of −91.093 kJ/mol with minimal error of 13.508 kJ/mol, supporting a plausible interaction. Additionally, cyclic voltammetry elucidated dynamic interactions between Hb and ofloxacin. This comprehensive approach provides insights into drug‐protein binding dynamics, crucial for refining drug development strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a simple approach for creating silver (Ag) nanocubes using pulsed laser ablation in a liquid medium. The development of nanocubical formations of Ag obtained by laser ablation using Nd: YAG laser was conducted for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min. The surface morphological analysis was performed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to show the formation of silver nanocubes with edge lengths ranging from 150 nm to 250 nm. The UV-visible spectroscopy demonstrates that the concentration of Ag nanostructures, evidenced by the characteristic localized surface plasmon resonance band near 400 nm in the colloidal solution containing Ag nanoparticles, increased with the increasing laser ablation duration from 5 min to 20 min. The growth mechanism for Ag nanocubes can be easily understood with the change in laser ablation time from 5 to 10, 15, and then 20 min. The Ag sheets with no specific shape start to develop after 5 min of laser ablation, and after 10 min, larger particles form. Then, after 15 min, a small number of cube-like nanostructures with rough and uneven edges was obtained. At the end of 20 min, a complete cubic formed with fine and distinct edges and a very large amount of nanocubes. The elemental silver signal was present in Ag nanocubes, as revealed by the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectra. The produced Ag nanocubes may be used to construct two-dimensional nanocomposites with practical applications in the electrical, optoelectronic, electrochemical, and biological areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite different works deals with the synthesis of Zn2SnO4 and Zn2TiO4 spinels, no aspect of their thermal and structural evolution upon heating has been reported yet. Herein, Zn2SnO4 and Zn2TiO4 spinels were synthesized by modified-Pechini method and the dependence of heating temperature and the lattice former (Sn and Ti) on the materials properties were investigated. Thermal analysis (TG/DTA), in situ high temperature and conventional X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD and XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and Photoluminescence (PL) analysis were used for such objectives. HT-XRD and TG/DTA reveal that intermediate phases are formed during the precursor powders heating prior final crystallization of the spinels in Fd-3 m cubic phase that occurred at different temperatures. Direct calcinations at pre-determined temperature led to single-phase materials as indicated by conventional XRD patterns and Raman spectra. FE-SEM analysis indicate the presence microaggregates formed by smaller nanoparticles, whose diameter is interfered significantly by the lattice former Ti4+ and Sn4+ cation. The change in the morphological characteristics according to the temperature and to the lattice former is consistent with the structural analysis. As established by UV–Vis and PL, optical and electronic properties of the spinels were strongly influenced by simultaneous changes in short- and middle-range structural disorder (associated with the exchange cations in coordination sites and with the elimination of electronic defects) and long-range structural order (attributed to the changes in crystallinity). Our work demonstrate that the characterization techniques are complementary in understanding structural, microstructural, and optical/luminescent properties of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new copper(II) complexes (1 and 2) with reduced L -histidine Schiff bases were synthesized and characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Single-crystal analysis reveals that 5-methyl-containing 1 possesses a simple phenoxo-bridged binuclear unit, while 5-bromine-substituted 2 possesses a metal–organic cage (MOC) structure. The as-prepared complexes as artificial metallohydrolases displayed catalytic activity towards the hydrolysis of both PNPP (p-nitrophenyl picolinate) and PNPA (p-nitrophenyl acetate). These two complexes provided 28-fold (for 1) and 39-fold (for 2) rate enhancements in comparison with spontaneous hydrolysis of PNPA, respectively. With regard to PNPP, its hydrolysis was accelerated by two orders of magnitude in the presence of 1 or 2. Additionally, positive micellar effects of bis(hexadecyldimethylammonium)hexane bromide (16-6-16) and N-octyldocosylammonium bromide (C22H45N(CH3)2C8H17Br, abbr. C22/8) were observed for the PNPA hydrolysis by 1 or 2, resulting in 1.3 to 3.9 times acceleration compared to that in buffered aqueous solution. In micellar solution of N,N-dimethyl-n-lauroylsarcosine sodium (LSS), no obvious rate enhancement was observed for the PNPA hydrolysis by 1 or 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the optimization of the one-pot synthesis of fine core–shell nanostructures based on nanogold (Au NPs) and silica (SiO2). The obtained core–shell nanomaterials were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM and by the method of spectroscopes such as UV–Vis Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). In addition, the measurement of the zeta potential and size of the obtained particles helped present a full characterization of Au@SiO2 nanostructures. The results show that the influence of reagents acting as reducers, stabilizers, or precursors of the silica shell affects the morphology of the obtained material. By controlling the effect of the added silica precursor, the thickness of the shell can be manipulated, the reducer has an effect on the shape and variety, and then the stabilizer affects their agglomeration. This work provides also a new approach for Au@SiO2 core–shell nanostructure preparation by further modification with dansyl chloride (DNS–Cl). The results show that, by tuning the silica shell thickness, the intensity of the fluorescence spectrum of Au@SiO2–(CH2)3–NH–DNS nanocomposite is about 12 times higher than that of DNS–Cl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hexaferrites, with their exceptional crystalline anisotropy, substantial coercivity, tuneable cations, and high magnetic hardness, are crucial as permanent magnets in applications such as information storage, sensors, high-frequency and microwave-absorbing devices. In this study, the focus was on synthesizing copper and cadmium-substituted strontium W-type hexagonal ferrites (SrCu 2-x Cd x Fe 16 O 27) with varying x values of 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04. To comprehensively investigate their structural, morphological and optical characteristics, several analytical techniques were employed, including XRD, SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy along with dielectric and magnetic techniques. The XRD analysis showed a minimum crystallite size of 13 nm for x = 0.0 and a maximum of 21 nm for x = 0.04. The morphology was examined through SEM, affirming the characteristic structure of W-type hexaferrites. FT-IR spectra exhibited two prominent peaks at 491 cm−1 and 890 cm−1, further validating the creation of W-type hexaferrites. Notably, the UV–Vis spectroscopy demonstrated a reduction in the optical band gap from 2.41 to 2.11 eV with increasing concentrations. In terms of dielectric properties, a peak dielectric constant of 71 was observed at frequencies above 2.5 GHz. Furthermore, the AC conductivity displayed a linear trend at lower frequencies, reaching a maximum value of 0.35 [ohm cm]−1 at higher frequencies. The magnetic measurements indicated that the substitution of x = 0.04 exhibited the highest saturation magnetization, Ms value of 1.7 emu/g, but the lowest coercivity, Hc value of 75 Oe was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal nanoparticle synthesis via environmentally friendly methods is gaining interest for their potential advantages over conventional physico-chemical approaches. Herein, we propose a robust green synthesis route for lignin-modified silver nanoparticles, utilizing the recovery of lignin as a renewable raw material and exploring its application in valuable areas. Through a systematic approach combining UV-Vis spectroscopy with AAS and DLS, we identified repeatable and scalable reaction conditions in an aqueous solution at pH 11 for homogeneous silver nanoparticles with high uniformity. The TEM median sizes ranged from 12 to 15 nm with circularity between 0.985 and 0.993. The silver nanoparticles yield exceeded 0.010 mol L−1, comparable with traditional physico-chemical methods, with a minimal loss of silver precursor ranging between 0.5 and 3.9%. Characterization by XRD and XPS revealed the presence of Ag-O bonding involving lignin functional groups on the pure face-centered cubic structure of metallic silver. Moreover, the lignin-modified silver nanoparticles generated a localized thermal effect upon near-infrared laser irradiation (808 nm), potentially allowing for targeted applications in the biomedical field. Our study showcases the potential of lignin as a renewable reducing and capping agent for silver nanoparticle synthesis, addressing some shortcomings of green synthesis approaches and contributing to the development of suitable nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a novel Ni-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling reaction of aryl bromides and alkyl iodides via a photoactive electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex. This photo-induced process enables the efficient construction of C(sp2)–C(sp3) bonds in the absence of an external photocatalyst. Electronically and structurally diverse aryl bromides, as well as secondary and primary alkyl iodides could undergo this transformation smoothly. Natural product derivatives were employed successfully, and UV-vis spectroscopy was utilized to gain mechanistic insight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of multifunctional materials is an outstanding research area, which aims to improve the versatility of materials according to their broad domains of usage. Focus interest was paid here to the orthophosphate compound, in particular, the olivine NaMnPO4 material. This compound was synthesized by a solid‐state method and investigated using numerous techniques. Primary room‐temperature structural analysis evidences the sample synthesized in the orthorhombic structure and its phase purity. The sample's average grain size was calculated to be around 420 nm. Further, the band gap for our material was found to be (Eg=4.4 eV) by optical analysis of UV‐visible spectroscopy, revealing that our compound is a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications. The electrical behavior study's main results confirm the ferroelectric character of the sample and support the aim of deepening the knowledge of the material according to its thermally stimulated conduction processes through impedance spectroscopy. Electrical studies revealed the dominant transport processes across various temperature and frequency ranges, leading to the NSPT model. The frequency dependency relates to frequency‐dispersive dielectric spectra, conduction mechanisms, and relaxation phenomena. The obtained results show perspective and suggest that the material under study has a wide range of potential electronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chlorogenic acid (CA) is an effective ingredient that can strengthen immunity during following the COVID-19 era. The current cost of CA is high owing to its complex purification process and low yield (approximately 2%). In this study, a one-step path orthogonal experiment was designed based on the results from Gauss calculation, which consisted of acidity, coordination, and hydrolysis in molecules. The optimized extraction conditions were 60 ℃, 60 min, 1:20 liquid ratio, and 40% ethanol in a nitrogen atmosphere controlled using a device of our own design, which led to CA yields of up to 6.35% from potato leaves. The purified CA was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and molecular fluorescence. This accurate and reproducible method can not only be used to obtain high yields of CA but can also be used for the quality control of active plant products and their isomers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As-produced carbon nanotubes contain impurities which can dominate the properties of the material and are thus undesired. Herein we present a multi-step purification treatment that combines the use of steam and hydrochloric acid in an iterative manner. This allows the reduction of the iron content down to 0.2 wt. % in samples of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Remarkably, Raman spectroscopy analysis reveals that this purification strategy does not introduce structural defects into the SWCNTs' backbone. To complete the study, we also report on a simplified approach for the quantitative assessment of iron using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The amount of metal in SWCNTs is assessed by dissolving in HCl the residue obtained after the complete combustion of the sample. This leads to the creation of hexaaquairon(III) chloride which allows the determination of the amount of iron, from the catalyst, by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The main advantage of the proposed strategy is that it does not require the use of additional complexing agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel Al-MOFs was hydrothermally synthesized using organic linker (benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, i.e. trimesic acid) because of its thermal and chemical stability as well as the versatile capability of Aluminum (Al) to form multifaceted structures. The material was targeted for applications in supercapacitor, energy storage, sensing and biomedical sciences like Far-UVC device applications. The morphological structure and bandgap of the Benzene Tricarboxylic Acid (BTC)-Aluminum based MOFs samples underwent characterization using a range of techniques, such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The XRD investigation confirmed the successful fabrication of MOF layered structure on Al-MOFs with an average crystallinity of 2.155 nm. SEM identified the hexagonal structure of Al-MOFs nanocrystals and showed strong agglomeration with a grain size of 186 nm. EDX analysis confirms the existence of aluminum peaks along with carbon peaks (as organic linkers), indicating the presence of organic linkers in the framework, which is the key component of MOF's porosity. The Raman spectroscopy results evidenced the synthesis of Al-MOFs structure. The optical bandgap was evaluated using UV–Vis spectrophotometry and estimated as E g = 5. 4 8 eV, indicating the materials stability for photovoltaic and some Far-UVC devices. Overall, the results suggest that the synthesized Al-MOFs nanomaterial is a promising candidate for various applications including Far-UVC device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and extensive characterization of nine aryl sulfur diimides (SDIs, Ar−NSN−Ar) are presented with a robust computational and experimental investigation of the fundamental properties of these important members of the thiazyl family of compounds, with particular attention paid to their highly tunable electrochemical behaviour. This is the first work to undertake a systematic comparison of the electrochemical profiles of a coherent series of SDIs to demonstrate and quantify the response of their reduction potentials to substituent electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing properties. This effect is found to be not only exceptionally strong, but also correlates very closely with computed orbital energies. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to determine the nature, localization, and qualitative lifetimes of the radical anions of SDIs. This work also addresses significant misconceptions about physical properties of SDIs. Experimental data and modern computational methods are employed to provide a resolute answer to the long‐standing contention of the solution‐state conformations of SDIs, and to correct historical mistakes in the assignment of infrared spectroscopic data. High‐quality crystal structures of all SDIs in this work showcase the utility of the recently introduced structural refinement software NoSpherA2, enabling full anisotropic refinement of H‐atoms with accurate C−H bond lengths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a series of pyrochlore-type compounds (Y 2-x Zn x)Ti 2 O 7- δ with x = 0.0, 0.1, and 0.2 were synthesized using the molten salt method. The samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV–visible spectroscopy. Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns shows that Zn2+ ions occupy Y3+ sites. Consequently, a lattice parameter and ionic radius ratio r A /r B decrease; consequently, the crystal structure is less ordered. Raman spectroscopy shows that the disorder manifests by broadening of FWHM Raman modes and increasing the A 1g Raman mode frequency as the Zn content (x) rises. Another repercussion arising from the disorder observed in the pyrochlore is the occurrence of oxygen vacancies, which are associated with ionic conductivity and are localized at 531 eV in the high-resolution O1s XPS spectra. First-principles studies using LDA + U show that Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 has a 3.07 eV electronic band gap, slightly lower than the 3.12 eV experimentally reported. The valence band (VB) is a contribution of O 2p hybridized states with Ti-3d and Y-4d, while the conduction band (CB) has Ti-3d states hybridized with O-2p states. The VB XPS spectrum and calculated DOS for Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 are well correlated. As the Zn content (x) increases, the VB XPS spectra shift to low energies, with an increment in partial states at zero eV, which induces an increase in the carrier charge. UV–visible absorption measurements using the Tauc plot approximation show a decrease in the optical band gap due to an increased concentration of Zn content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deprotonation of our pentadentate N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) ligand with lithium diisopropylamine in tetrahydrofuran and subsequent salt metathesis with CrCl3THF3 readily forms the complex PhCC4MeCrCl (1), a S=3/2 species in moderate yield. DFT calculations reveal three singly occupied molecular orbitals with π‐backbonding character to the square‐capping framework, UV‐Vis spectroscopy reveals 3 bands ascribed to d‐to‐d transitions, and cyclic voltammetry reveals an irreversible and quazi‐reversible reduction events as well as an irreversible oxidation event. We attempted to exchange the chloride ligand of 1 through salt‐metathesis with lithium phenylacetylide without success, the absence of reactivity is rationalized considering our XRD and DFT results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we reported new two coordination polymers, {[Ag(L)](CH3PhSO3)](CH3CN)4}n (cp-1) and {[Hg(L)](Cl2)](CH3CN)2}n(cp-2), were synthesized from hexapodal benzimidazole substituted cyclotriphosphazene, (L). L was characterised by 1H NMR, 31P NMR and mass analysis. Structure of each isolated compounds were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. In cp-1, L has a κ3N coordination mode by connecting three Ag(I) ions to constitute a 2D coordination polymer whereas the ligand in cp-2 displays κ2N coordination mode via linking two Hg(II) ions together to create a 1D coordination polymer. Topologically, cp-1 has a 3-connected uninodal net having the point symbol {4.82}. Dye adsorption studies of coordination polymers was performed out using UV–Vis. absorption spectroscopy. Adsorption experiments show that cp-1 and cp-2 removes the cationic methylene blue (MB) from water but shows no adsorption behaviour toward the anionic methyl orange (MO) and tartrazine (E102). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we employed L-methionine (L-M) as the functionalized reagent of AuNPs for the colorimetric and UV–vis dual-mode detection of As3+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ ions with excellent selectivity and anti-interference. After adding the target ions, the functionalized AuNPs can be cross-linked together due to the As3+/Cd2+/Hg2+ ions reacting with amino N, carbonyl or hydroxyl O of L-methionine to form the coordination bonds, resulting in the aggregation of functionalized AuNPs and cause the different red-shifts of the SPR absorption peak and color changes of functionalized AuNPs solutions. The LODs of the colorimetric sensor are 10 ppb/13 ppb/4 ppb by naked eyes and 2.35 ppb/1.68 ppb/0.32 ppb by UV–vis spectroscopy with good linear relationships between the absorbance ratios (A633nm/A519nm, A645nm/A519nm and A665nm/A519nm) and As3+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ concentrations, which can be successfully applied to sense and detect As3+/Cd2+/Hg2+ pollutants in tap water, pond water, well water, and other domestic water sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study focused on preparing and investigating CeO2 dopant concentration on the optical properties of lithium-calcium borate glasses through systematic studies using XRD, RAMAN, UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence and decay measurements. The optical absorption spectral results show that the absorption edge shifted towards the lower energy side as the concentration of CeO2 increased, resulting in a decreased optical band gap. Various excitations (285, 328, 338, and 348 nm) induced luminescence emission in the prepared glasses are studied systematically. It was observed that among all the samples, 0.05 mol% CeO2 doped glass exhibits a bright blue emission under 328 nm excitation compared to other excitations. In particular, the excitation and emission spectra revealed the presence of at least two different emission centres (5d → 2F7/2 and 2F5/2) originating from the Ce3+ ions in the host glass matrix. Furthermore, the non-exponential decay kinetics of the optimised sample (0.05 mol% CeO2) showed a maximum lifetime of 37.6 ns. Furthermore, the CIE colour chromaticity diagram demonstrated 87% purity of the emission. The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the structural and optical properties of cerium-doped lithium-calcium-borate glasses, which can be helpful in the development of new materials for optical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A naphthylidene-diimine L2 was newly designed, and its structure was identified by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. The effect of temperature, acid–base and light on enol–keto tautomerism in this Schiff base was evaluated by colorimetry, UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Under irradiation 365 nm, L2 emitted yellow, orange and strong green emission in pure, basic and aqueous DMSO media (v/v, 1/1), respectively. Its ionochromic behavior against various cations (Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Ba2+ and Ag+) and anions (F−, Cl−, CH3COO−, SO32–, S2O32−, HSO4−, H2PO4−, NO3−, CN−, and OH−) was investigated in aqueous DMSO media (v/v, 1/1) by UV–Vis and fluorescence experiments. Dark yellow color of L2 changed to colorless for Fe3+, Cr3+ and HSO4− ions, and turned to light yellow for Al3+ and Cu2+ ions, and to orange for CN− and OH− ions. According to UV–Vis data, the chemosensor displayed selective recognition towards Fe3+, Al3+, Cu2+, HSO4−, CN− and OH− with a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. At the excitation wavelength of 365 nm, L2 gave strong yellowish white emission (λem = 445 and 539 nm) in the presence of Al3+, and the intensity increased about 12.5 times. On the other hand, the chemosensor displayed one emission band at 452 nm and 450 nm in the presence of CN− and OH− with 1.9 fold and 2.3 fold fluorescence enhancement, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we have approached the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) Schiff base (5-trifluoromethoxy-2-(((2chloro-5-(methyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenol)). The synthesized CuNPs were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, PL, FTIR, powder XRD, and TEM analysis. From the UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, an absorption peak was observed at 585 nm. As a result of the powder XRD and TEM studies, spherical particle sizes ranged between 4 and 10 nm. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups ‒OH, C=C, -C=N-, and C‒H triggers the synthesis of CuNPs. Further, the catalytic property of the CuNPs were revealed by the degradation of pharmaceutical drugs such as Capecitabine (CAP) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) in 90 min of reaction time in the presence of NaBH4. The reaction kinetics followed pseudo-first-order with k-values (rate constant) 0.248 min-1 and 0.307 min−1. In addition, the synthesized CuNPs have exhibited selective sensing detection of Cd2+ metal ions in different range of concentration (10-100 µM) by spectrofluorometrically with the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.0284 nM and limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.0586 nM. The CuNPs revealed significant antioxidant activities against DPPH as a common free radical at 50 µg/mL with 71.24% of scavenging activity. The maximum antimicrobial potential and zone of inhibition of P. Aeruginosa is 17.25±0.8 mm and A. niger is 12.1 mm by using CuNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum Dots (QDs) of hydrated tungsten oxide were synthesized via electrolysis using sintered tungsten carbide-6 wt% cobalt (WC–6Co) scrap as anode, Ti plate as cathode, and sulfuric acid as electrolyte at room temperature. The as-synthesized powder was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The XRD analysis confirmed the formation of orthorhombic hydrated tungsten oxide (WO 3.H 2 O) QDs via electrochemical oxidation of WC. As-synthesized WO 3.H 2 O QDs were thermally-treated using microwave radiation and conventional furnace at 150 °C for 8 min and 45 min, respectively. Thermal treatment of as-synthesized QDs produced partially dehydrated powder consisting of both orthorhombic WO 3.H 2 O and cubic WO 3.H 0.5 crystal structures. The TEM analysis showed that the average particle size of QDs was 7.60 nm. Further, an increase in lattice strain was observed on microwave treatment owing to the non-equilibrium phase transformation (i.e., rapid heating) from orthorhombic to cubic crystal structure resulting in the generation of oxygen vacancies. The increase in oxygen vacancy concentrations in QDs on microwave heating was confirmed by XPS, FTIR, EPR, and Raman spectroscopy. The energy bandgaps of as-synthesized and thermally-treated QDs were in the range of 2.4307–2.4979 eV. The relatively low energy bandgap of QDs is attributed to the change in crystal structure and increase in the oxygen vacancy concentration. An improved CO gas sensing characteristics of microwave-treated QDs was noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chemical process involving multiple steps is often accounts for the loss of yield and longer reaction time. Herein, we explored a one-pot precipitation method to overcome these issues to produce barium-doped zinc oxide (BaZnO) with a 3 d-marigold like structure (MGS). The virgin ZnO was also prepared to compare its physicochemical and biological properties. The structural integrity of the prepared materials was determined using analytical tools such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and photoluminescence spectroscopy. As a proof-of-concept, these materials have been utilized in biomedical applications. The BaZnO MGS exhibited the highest antibacterial activity compared with the ZnO NF. The anticancer activities of ZnO NF and BaZnO MGS were evaluated in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Among them, BaZnO MGS NPs demonstrated the most significant anticancer properties, with the lowest IC 50 value exhibits of 21.2 μg/mL compared to ZnO NF. These findings suggest that the BaZnO MGS is a promising candidate for biomedical applications, potentially enhancing human life through its antibacterial and anticancer properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linear alpha olefins (LAOs) are produced industrially via ethylene oligomerization using catalytic methods. The cost‐effective separation process has sparked significant interest in the selective oligomerization of ethylene to produce alpha‐olefins, including 1‐hexene (1‐C6), in multi‐product commercial processes. In addition, the utilization of immobilized catalysts is crucial because of their reduced environmental impact, ease of catalyst separation, recyclability, and transportability. Furthermore, the use of immobilized catalysts simplifies the purification process, making it easier to isolate pure products. In the present study, mesoporous silica (MS) was first modified with ionic liquids (ILs) consisting BF4− and Br− counter‐anions to prepare IL‐BF4@MS and IL‐Br@MS, respectively. Then 12 catalysts were synthesized through immobilization of the half‐sandwich catalysts with different bridges on the surface of MS, IL‐Br@MS, and IL‐BF4@MS and characterized by BET, TGA, and SEM–EDX‐Mapping analyses. UV–Visible spectroscopy showed a tetrahedral structure for the synthesized complexes. The activity and selectivity of the catalysts for the production of 1‐hexene were studied under specific conditions, including an ethylene pressure of 8 bar, a temperature of 40 °C, and an Al/Ti ratio of 1:2000. The C1‐IL‐BF4@MS immobilized catalyst with cyclohexane middle bridge immobilized on MS modified with IL‐BF4 revealed the highest activity (1199 kg 1‐C6 molTi−1·h−1) at a catalyst concentration of 1.5 μmol. The lowest activity (138 kg 1‐C molTi−1·h−1) was obtained for both C3@MS and C4@MS catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is one of the major causes of death, and its negative impact continues to rise globally. Chemotherapy, which is the most common therapy, has several limitations due to its tremendous side effects. Therefore, developing an alternate therapeutic agent with high biocompatibility is indeed needed. The anti-oxidative effects and bioactivities of several different crude extracts of marine algae have been evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we synthesized the aqueous extract (HA) from the marine algae Amphiroa anceps, and then, a liposome was formulated for that extract (NHA). The extracts were characterized using different photophysical tools like dynamic light scattering, UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, and GC-MS analysis. The SEM image revealed a size range of 112–185 nm for NHA and the GC-MS results showed the presence of octadecanoic acid and n-Hexadecanoic acid in the majority. The anticancer activity was studied using A549 cells, and the NHA inhibited the cancer cells dose-dependently, with the highest killing of 92% at 100 μg/mL. The in vivo studies in the zebrafish model showed that neither the HA nor NHA of Amphiroa anceps showed any teratogenic effect. The outcome of our study showed that NHA can be a potential drug candidate for inhibiting cancer with good biocompatibility up to a dose of 100 μg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoporous (NP) gold, the most extensively studied and efficient NP metal, possesses exceptional properties that make it highly attractive for advanced technological applications. Notably, its remarkable catalytic properties in various significant reactions hold enormous potential. However, the exploration of its catalytic activity in the degradation of water pollutants remains limited. Nevertheless, previous research has reported the catalytic activity of NP Au in the degradation of methyl orange (MO), a toxic azo dye commonly found in water. This study aims to investigate the behavior of nanoporous gold in MO solutions using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography. The NP Au was prepared by chemical removal of silver atoms of an AuAg precursor alloy prepared by ball milling. Immersion tests were conducted on both pellets and powders of NP Au, followed by examination of the residual solutions. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance measurements were employed to analyze NP Au after the tests. The findings reveal that the predominant and faster process involves the partially reversible adsorption of MO onto NP Au, while the catalytic degradation of the dye plays a secondary and slower role in this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coordination capability of two N,C,N pincer coordinated stibinidenes, i. e. bis(imino)‐ [2,6‐(DippN=CH)2C6H3]Sb (1) or imino‐amino‐ [2‐(DippN=CH)‐6‐(DippNHCH2)C6H3]Sb (2) toward palladium(II) and platinum(II) centers was examined. In the course of this study, seven new square‐planar bis(stibinidene) complexes were synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR, Raman, UV‐vis spectroscopy and single crystal (sc)‐X‐ray diffraction analysis. In all cases, both stibinidene ligands 1 or 2 adopt trans positions, but differ significantly in the torsion angle describing mutual orientation of aromatic rings of the stibinidenes along the Sb−Pd/Pt−Sb axes. Furthermore, majority of complexes form isomers in solution most probably due to a hindered rotation around Sb−Pd/Pt bonds caused by bulkiness of 1 and 2. This phenomenon also seems to be influenced by the absence/presence of a pendant −CH2NH− group in 1/2 that is able to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds with the adjacent chlorine atom(s) attached to the metal centers. The whole problem was subjected to a theoretical study focusing on the role of hydrogen bonds in structure architecture of the complexes. To describe the UV‐vis spectra of these highly coloured complexes, TD‐DFT calculations were employed. These outline differences between the stibinidene ligands, the transition metals as well as between the charge of the complexes (neutral or anionic). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diarsene [L(MeO)GaAs]2 (L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2, Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3, 4) reacts with MeOTf and MeNHC (MeNHC=1,3,4,5‐tetra‐methylimidazol‐2‐ylidene) to the diarsene [L(TfO)GaAs]2 (5) and the carbene‐coordinated diarsene [L(MeO)GaAsAs(MeNHC)Ga(OMe)L] (6). The NHC‐coordination results in an inversion of the redox properties of the diarsene 4, which shows only a reversible reduction event at E1/2=−2.06 V vs Fc0/+1, whereas the carbene‐coordinated diarsene 6 shows a reversible oxidation event at E1/2=−1.31 V vs Fc0/+1. Single electron transfer reactions of 4 and 6 yielded [K[2.2.2.]cryp][L(MeO)GaAs]2 (8) and [L(MeO)GaAsAs(MeNHC)‐Ga(OMe)L][B(C6F5)4] (9) containing the radical anion [L(MeO)GaAs]2⋅− (8⋅−) and the NHC‐coordinated radical cation [L(MeO)GaAsAs(MeNHC)Ga(OMe)L]⋅+ (9⋅+), respectively, while the salt‐elimination reaction of the triflate‐coordinated diarsene 5 with Na[B(C6F5)4] gave [LGaAs]2[B(C6F5)4]2 (11) containing the dication [LGaAs]22+ (112+). Compounds 1–11 were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, EPR (8, 9), IR, and UV‐Vis spectroscopy and by single crystal X‐ray diffraction (sc‐XRD). DFT calculations provided a detailed understanding of the electronic nature of the diarsenes (4, 6) and the radical ions (8⋅−, 9⋅+), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]