13,619 results on '"*MINNESOTA Multiphasic Personality Inventory"'
Search Results
2. A Study of Psychological Readiness of Parents to Educate Children in a Foster Family
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Dolgova, V. I., Rokickaya, Y. A., Volchegorskaya, E. Y., Yemelyanova, E. E., and Uvarina, N. V.
- Abstract
In the study methods to identify the main components of parents' psychological readiness for raising children in a substitute family were used. The survey was carried out during the study of the cognitive component. The emotional-volitional component is disclosed by using an MMPI questionnaire (abridged version) and techniques for determining the accentuation of personality traits (Leonhard K.). The analysis of the motivational-evaluative component has been conducted using a morphological test of life values (Sopov V.F., Karpushina L.V.). Indicators of the activity component are fixed by two methods--PARI (Schäfer E.S., Bell R.K.) and the analysis of family relationships (Eidemiller E.G., Yustitskis V.V.). The significance of the results obtained has been checked by mathematical statistical methods (factor analysis and statistical criterion for difference -- Student's t-test). In the experimental group statistically significant differences that confirm a positive impact of the research-experimental program on the level of formation of parents' psychological readiness for raising children in a substitute family have been indicated.
- Published
- 2016
3. A Conative Approach to Creativity: The Correlation Surface of Psychopathology and Ego-Strength
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Kirsch, Christiane and Houssemand, Claude
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The present investigation targets the empirical validation of the correlation surface between psychopathology and ego-strength suggested by Eysenck. The sample comprised 37 middle aged adults from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Established hypotheses could not be verified and results even significantly tended in the opposite direction. The findings are discussed in the light of an eventual revision of the theoretical conception of Eysenck and its potential adaptation to the measured constructs.
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- 2016
4. Predicting Psychiatric Symptoms by Personality Types for Gifted Students
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Lee, Seon-Young, An, Donggun, and Choe, Seung-Urn
- Abstract
This study examined if personality types of gifted students predicted their psychiatric symptoms and if the type of giftedness and gender moderated the relationship between the personality and psychiatric manifestations. "The Murphy-Meisgeir Type Indicator for Children" and "the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent" were used to measure the personality types and psychiatric symptoms of 232 gifted middle-school students in South Korea. Results found that introversion predicted all of the symptoms but hypomania. Intuition predicted the symptoms of psychopathic deviance and schizophrenia and feeling predicted those of depression and conversion hysteria. Other predictive relationships were found between perceiving and hypomania and between judging and depression and social introversion. Creatively gifted students with introverted and intuitive personality types exhibited several symptoms than were academically gifted students of the same personality. Regarding gender, introverted males were more vulnerable to psychiatric symptoms compared to introverted females, and perceptive females had a higher chance to show hypomania than perceptive males. This study supported that personality characteristics partly accounted for the indications of psychological distress among gifted students. Further studies need to examine causal relationships between the two and to corroborate the current results involving adolescents.
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- 2020
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5. Effects of Psychological Distress on Academic Achievement in Brunei Student Teachers: Identification Challenges and Counseling Implications
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Mundia, Lawrence
- Abstract
Students with psychological and mental health problems are often accorded a low status and priority compared to peers with other disabilities. Recent research indicated that a female Brunei student teacher prematurely left her training program due to unaddressed mental health problems. The present study used a mixed methods approach. The random sample consisted of 85 trainee teachers (59 females) out of whom 6 at-risk and vulnerable students (2 males and 4 females) with extreme scores on the psychometric assessments and depressed scores on the academic evaluations were included in the case study. Anxiety was found operating in combination with either extroversion or introversion. While mild extroversion, introversion, and anxiety were not necessarily harmful, excessive amounts of each of these traits could undermine a student's educational and social functioning. Recommendations included encouraging students to undergo voluntary testing, self-referred counseling, and mounting an active mental health promotion campaign and pastoral care program.
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- 2011
6. Test Anxiety and Its Effect on the Personality of Students with Learning Disabilities
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Lufi, Dubi, Okasha, Susan, and Cohen, Arie
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The purpose of this study was to look for personality variables that characterized young adults with learning disabilities and test anxiety. Fifty-four Israeli adults diagnosed with learning disabilities participated in the study, 24 of them were diagnosed as having test anxiety; 30 did not have test anxiety. The participants completed the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) to validate the diagnosis of test anxiety and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) to assess the different personality profiles. The results showed significant differences between the two groups on 35 out of 68 measures of the MMPI-2. A discriminant-function analysis of the content scales, the supplementary scales, and the Harris-Lingoes scales of the MMPI-2 showed that one measure, College Maladjustment, explained most of the variance. Further analysis assessed the various test anxiety profiles of the two types of test anxiety, "emotionality" and "worry." The meaning of the results is discussed as a basis for explaining the profile of a student with learning disabilities and test anxiety.
- Published
- 2004
7. Psychological Characteristics Of Academically Gifted Adolescents Attending A Residential Academy: A Longitudinal Study
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Cross, Tracy L., Adams, Cheryll, Dixon, Felicia, and Holland, Jason
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Students attending a state-supported residential academy for academically gifted adolescents (N = 139) completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory for Adolescents (MMPI-A; Butcher et al., 1992) upon entrance to document their psychological characteristics. The same students completed a postadministration of the MMPI-A at the end of their 2nd year at the school. Results indicated that the gifted students were quite similar to the normative group of adolescents on the MMPI-A. While several statistically significant changes were observed over time, the effectsize calculations accounted for only a modest percentage of the variance in all cases. Scores on the 2nd administration of the MMPI-A declined among the majority of students who manifested elevated scores on the initial administration.
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- 2004
8. Use of the MMPI with Adult Children of Alcoholics.
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Harvey-Jones, Kelly
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This article provides a review of several studies, which used the Minnesota Multiphasis Personality Inventory (MMPI) to attempt to differentiate adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs). The studies focused on either non-clinical ACOAs or alcoholic ACOAs. Overall, the MMPI differentiated ACOAs, but the degree and patterns of elevations varied considerably. Thus, the MMPI did not reveal a consistent way to identify at-risk non-clinical ACOAs, nor did it reveal a homogeneous diagnostic subgroup among alcoholic ACOAs. However, when the MMPI is used in context, it can provide valuable information for targeting at-risk ACOAs and developing effective preventive and treatment interventions for this population. (Contains 12 references.) (Author)
- Published
- 2002
9. Using the MMPI/MMPI-2 with the Hispanic/Latino Population.
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Whitney, Jennifer M.
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Examination of the relationship between Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, racial identification, acculturation, culture, language and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI/MMPI-2) has revealed controversial results. Because the MMPI/MMPI-2 is the most widely used personality assessment, it is important to understand how ethnic and socio-cultural variables factor into a psychological evaluation. This paper provides an overview of the literature on the appropriateness of using the MMPI/MMPI-2 with the Hispanic/Latino population as well as appropriate uses of the test with this population. (Contains 13 references.) (Author/GCP)
- Published
- 2002
10. The Practical Use of Profile Analysis.
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Blackburn, Rhonda D.
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Profile analysis refers to interpreting or analyzing the pattern of tests, subtests, or scores. The analysis may be across groups or across scores for one individual. This approach to analyzing data is being used by clinicians to help in the translation of the results of popular assessment instruments. This paper examines several examples of the use of profile analysis, including discussions of the use of profile analysis with the Wechsler Scales, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, and the technique of multidimensional analysis. Cautions in the use of profile analysis are also discussed. One such caution involves the standard error of measurement. Caution is also required when a hypothesis has been made regarding an individual's performance. (Contains 10 references.) (SLD)
- Published
- 2001
11. Acculturation, SES, and the MMPI-A Performance of Hispanic Adolescents.
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Mendoza-Newman, Mary C., Greene, Roger L., and Velasquez, Roberto J.
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This paper discusses a study that examined the relationship between acculturation and socioeconomic status (SES) on two scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) for Hispanic adolescents (N=65). The study hypothesized that higher levels of acculturation and SES in Hispanic adolescents would be related to scale L (Lie) and related directly to scale 5 (Masculinity-Femininity) of the MMPI-A. The study also hypothesized that acculturation and SES would not differ in their relative contributions to Scales l and 5. The findings did not support the inverse relationship between levels of acculturation, SES, and Scale L; nor did they support the direct relationship between levels of acculturation, SES, and Scale 5. These findings are contrary to research findings with Hispanic adults and the MMPI and MMPI-2. The results suggest that low acculturated and low SES Hispanic adolescents in this sample responded with an appropriate balance between admitting and denying minor social faults. While there exists a common traditional belief in the Hispanic culture that a person does not ask for help and does not discuss problems outside the home, the clinical implications of these findings suggest that Hispanic adolescents may be more accepting of seeking help, perhaps even seeking mental health services. (MKA)
- Published
- 2000
12. Gender Differences on the MMPI-2 for Colombian University Students.
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Maness, Paula, Gomez, Nelson, Velasquez, Roberto J., Silkowski, Sharon, and Savino, Aimee
- Abstract
In this study the efficacy of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) was examined with a Colombian college student population. It was projected that the participants would have elevated scales related to psychological distress, marginality, and poor morale, given the current socio-political climate in Columbia. Participants were university students (men=21; women=54) from Bogota, Columbia. Similarities and differences between male and female participants were examined on the Spanish version of the MMPI-2. Three conclusions can be drawn from the results. First, women were more likely to present issues related to interpersonal relationships and physical/somatic complaints, suggesting they are more internally conscious. Second, men were more likely to repress feelings related to anger and hostility and to report a sense of disconnectedness or alienation towards society, implying internalized anger and frustration. Third, differences were found on two of the traditional clinical scales; women obtained higher scores on the Masculinity Femininity and Psycopathic Deviant scales. These elevated scores suggest a more non-traditional sex role attitude in females than their male counterparts, and possible adaptive features to the stress related to their enrollment at the university or their ability to manage stress within Colombian society. (JDM)
- Published
- 2000
13. Use of the MMPI and MMPI-2 with Persons with Bulimia.
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Geslak, Lisa
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The use of the MMPI and MMPI-2 to assist in the understanding of individuals with bulimia nervosa is examined. DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of bulimia nervosa are reviewed. It is also important to understand the personality variables or psychological correlates associated with this disorder. The structure and history of the MMPI and MMPI-2 are briefly reviewed; findings from studies using MMPI and MMPI-2 are discussed; and the information these tests provide about individuals with bulimia nervosa is presented. Personality variables and psychological correlates associated with bulimia nervosa are examined and their relation to particular MMPI-2 scales is considered. Implications for potential prevention and intervention strategies are discussed. Although the use of the MMPI-2 does not provide clear cut answers or completely consistent profiles of individuals with bulimia, the test may help in putting together general personality characteristics common to individuals with bulimia and in understanding basic commonalties among individuals with bulimia. The specific variables underlying a particular person's struggle with bulimia may become more apparent when test data is considered in conjunction with data from the clinical interview. Further research with MMPI-2 may help to identify persons at-risk for bulimia nervosa. (EMK)
- Published
- 1998
14. Optimal Sample Size Determinations for the Heteroscedastic Two One-Sided Tests of Mean Equivalence: Design Schemes and Software Implementations
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Jan, Show-Li and Shieh, Gwowen
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Equivalence assessment is becoming an increasingly important topic in many application areas including behavioral and social sciences research. Although there exist more powerful tests, the two one-sided tests (TOST) procedure is a technically transparent and widely accepted method for establishing statistical equivalence. Alternatively, a direct extension of Welch's solution for the Behrens-Fisher problem is preferred in equivalence testing of means when the homogeneity of variance assumption is violated. For advance planning of equivalence studies, this article describes both exact and nearly exact power functions of the heteroscedastic TOST procedure and develops useful approaches to optimal sample size determinations under various allocation and cost considerations. Detailed numerical illustrations and simulation studies are presented to demonstrate the distinct features of the suggested techniques and the potential deficiency of existing method. Moreover, computer programs are provided to facilitate the implementation of the described sample size procedures. The proposed formulas and algorithms are recommended over the current results for their technical transparency, overall performance, and diverse utility.
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- 2017
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15. Using the MMPI-2 in Career Advising: Exploring Implications for Usefulness in Personal Adjustment.
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Vecchione, Thomas P.
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Career counselors at colleges and universities are encountering an increasingly diverse student population. It has been suggested that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the updated MMPI-2 can help career counselors as they try to help students deal with a wide range of individual needs and capabilities for coping with life stress. The reasoning behind using the MMPI and the MMPI-2 in career counseling is two-fold. The instruments can help counselors in making appropriate career counseling interventions and may also provide a reliable source of personal knowledge for students to utilize in their career decisions. Several investigations with the MMPI and career counseling found the instrument helpful in identifying individuals who are able to use a self-directed pattern when it comes to career assistance. The MMPI was also helpful in identifying individuals who may need more intensive help in their decision making process. Although few studies have directly investigated the usefulness of the MMPI-2 in career counseling, research on the consistency between the MMPI-2 and the MMPI leaves researchers optimistic that the newer test will also serve as a valuable tool in career decisions. Future research on the MMPI-2 should reveal more information about its value in career counseling. Contains 14 references. (RJM)
- Published
- 1996
16. Intellectual, Achievement, and Mental Health Evaluation of At-Risk Adolescents: Assessing Comorbidity of ADHD, LD, and Conduct Problems.
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Bullock, Wesley A.
- Abstract
A multidimensional clinical assessment project was conducted on an at-risk adolescent population (n=78) in a public school setting. The focus of the project was on the identification of specific learning disabilities (LD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as they relate to mental health problems and scholastic difficulties. Results indicated that 11.5% of these at-risk students had a Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III full scale IQ less than 70, indicative of a developmental handicap. Of the remaining students, 39% met criteria for one or more specific LD, 30% met criteria for ADHD, and 13% of these at-risk students met criteria for comorbid ADHD and LD. Those classified as ADHD also exhibited significantly greater levels of psychological distress, evidenced by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-A scale elevations, compared to the non-ADHD students, suggesting that even among their at-risk peers, ADHD students warrant greater attention with regard to psychological problems. (Contains 4 figures and 12 references.) (Author/SLD)
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- 1995
17. Personality and Substance Abuse Disorders: A Review of the Recent Literature on Their Comorbidity and Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.
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Sherman, Gregory A.
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The major questions when considering substance abuse/dependence and personality are how these two constructs are related and how they interact. A review of the prevalence literature since 1986 documenting the co-occurrence of substance abuse disorders and personality disorders is presented in this study. Sampled are substance abuse and personality disorder treatment populations in the United States and Europe. The instruments used to assess the correlation between substance abuse/dependence and personality disorders include: (1) self reports; (2) clinical interviews; (3) the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory; and (4) the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. Consistent with earlier findings, there exists a high correlation between substance abuse/dependence and personality disorders in both treatment and nontreatment samples. Diagnostic treatment implications for dual diagnosis patients are briefly considered. Comprehensive diagnosis and treatment need to consider both Axis I and Axis II disorders. The 12-step model of Alcoholics Anonymous is recommended because it addresses both types of disorders. Contains 45 references. (SR)
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- 1995
18. Use of the MMPI-I in Identifying Personality Characteristics of Anorexia Nervosa, Restrictor Subtype: A Review of the Literature.
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Regardie, Cynthia Ramos
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In recent decades, the incidence of eating disorders has sharply increased. This paper reviews literature published between 1969 through 1992 which addresses personality characteristics of individuals with anorexia nervosa, restrictor subtype, utilizing the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-I). The current literature and research in the area of MMPI-I use and personality characteristics in anorexia nervosa is reviewed first, followed by a discussion of treatment approaches based on the MMPI-I findings on anorexic restrictors. The study's findings were inconsistent, but a general caricature for this population was presented. A chronic picture of immature, passive-aggressive individuals was exhibited along with depression, and social alienation, poor personality integration, clear thought disorders (such as body-image distortions), obsessionality, anxiety, low ego strength, and limited awareness of psychological problems. Researchers were also interested in treatment outcomes and several studies were interested in attempting to identify personality characteristics that may indicate a better prognosis for individuals with anorexia nervosa, restrictor subtype. Restrictor anorexics who acknowledged a greater need for attention and affection may fare better than individuals with other types of eating disorders due to the former's ability to address these specific needs in treatment. Suggestions for future research are presented. (RJM)
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- 1994
19. Sex Differences in Locus of Control, Helplessness, Hopelessness, and Depression.
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Kolotkin, Richard A.
- Abstract
This experiment investigated: (1) relationships among locus of control, attributional style, and depression; (2) if a depressogenic attributional style could be empirically isolated; and (3) if reliable relationships existed between attribution and depression when depression was operationalized using different instruments. Subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Rotter's I-E Scale, the Attributional Style Questionnaire, and MMPI-2. Gender-combined analyses showed that an internal, stable and global attributional style for positive events was negatively correlated with depression, and that depression was positively correlated with locus of control, with these relationships reliable across measures of depression for females only. Factor analyses of gender-combined, female and male data yielded factors of depression, behavioral helplessness, and hopelessness. A female pessimism, and male optimism, factor also emerged. Results were discussed in relationship to learned helplessness, hopelessness, and sex differences in the prevalence of depression. (Author)
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- 1994
20. Neurotoxin Exposure and MMPI Forensic Implications.
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Storm, Heidi A.
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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) has been widely used as an objective personality test, in addition to being used in forensic assessments, especially involving claims of physical or emotional damage. It now appears that questions must be raised concerning the MMPI's forensic implications given the advent of new disease entities, in addition to prolonged trans-cutaneous, and/or inhalant exposure to environmental pollutants or neurotoxic chemicals in the workplace. (Author)
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- 1994
21. A Study of Some Psychological Correlates of HIV Positive Veterans.
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Thompson, James P.
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In an effort to compare the psychological characteristics of HIV positive veterans who are homeless with those who are not homeless, the psychological test performances of patients referred to the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Houston, Texas were examined. Investigators analyzed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) average scale scores for 20 patients. Statistical comparison of the 9 homeless HIV positive veterans versus the 11 non-homeless HIV positive veterans revealed no significant differences between the two groups, paralleling previous research. Therefore, since this study suggests that the main difference between the non-homeless and the homeless is that the latter have no place to live, professionals and the community need to provide the homeless HIV positive patient with the tools necessary to prevent future episodes of homelessness through assistance in obtaining disability income, substance abuse treatment and aftercare (if applicable), and vocational assistance. (RJM)
- Published
- 1993
22. A Comparison of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Extraversion-Introversion Scale, and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 0 Scale (Social Introversion).
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McVay, Micheal R.
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The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Extraversion-Introversion scale was compared with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 0 scale (Social Introversion) for 18 male and 66 female adult students in introductory courses in psychology, aged 17 to 83 years. A status survey design was used with a priori and post hoc groupings. Independent variables investigated were age, gender, and marital status. Dependent variables were the MBTI Extraversion-Introversion scale and the MMPI 0 scale scores. An analysis of variance was used to test the null hypotheses. Results suggest the following: (1) age and marital status should be investigated simultaneously when using the MMPI 0 scale scores; (2) an association is found between MBTI extraversion-introversion scores and the MMPI 0 score; (3) no association is found for age and the MBTI scores studied; (4) no association is found for gender and the MBTI scale scores studied; (5) no association is found between gender and MMPI 0 scale; (6) no association is found between marital status and MBTI scores studied; and (7) the two scales of the instruments studied appear to give approximately the same information. An appendix contains the authorization to use the case materials in research, teaching, or publishing. Three tables and one figure present study findings. (Contains 43 references.) (SLD)
- Published
- 1993
23. Hypnotic Susceptibility and Personality as Measured by the MMPI-2.
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Parker, Wayne D.
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This study evaluated personality variables that underlie hypnotic susceptibility. It was correlational, did not require ongoing contact with participants, and included a validation study as an integral component. The subjects were 359 college students (250 in the original sample and 109 in the cross validation study) taking undergraduate courses in educational psychology, educational statistics, and tests and measurements at the University of Alabama (Tuscaloosa). The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), the Melei and Hilgard Questionnaire (demographic and attitudinal measures), and the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility were administered. The MMPI-2 scales, attitudes toward hypnosis, predictions of hypnotizability, and demographic variables were correlated with scores on the Harvard Scale. Stepwise multiple regression was used to maximize the ability of the variables to predict hypnotic susceptibility. Pearson product-moment correlations were computed. Attitudinal variables were consistently related to susceptibility, although the practical significance was marginal, with these measures accounting for only 10 to 13 percent of the variance in scores on the Harvard Scale. No consistent relationships were found between MMPI-2 variables and hypnotic susceptibility. The MMPI-2 variables explored included response set, existing MMPI-2 scales both singly and in combination, and individual items on the instrument. Included are 3 tables and 54 references. (RLC)
- Published
- 1992
24. Effects of Incest: A Cluster Analysis of MMPI Profiles.
- Author
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Ritchey, Kathleen M. and Dixon, David N.
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This study was conducted to assess the effects of incest using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Women (N=81) seeking counseling for issues related to an incestuous childhood and nonsexually abused adult female counseling clients (N=90) completed the MMPI and a background information questionnaire. The groups were compared by completing cluster analyses on each group's profiles. Three distinct clusters were identified for both the incest and control groups. For the incest group, these were labeled "angry and confused,""overwhelmed," and "normal." For the control group, clusters were labeled "normal,""overwhelmed," and "somaticizer." The only profiles that clearly differentiated the incest group from the control group were the "angry and confused" incest cluster and the "somaticizer" control cluster. The groups were also differentiated by the percentage of clients in each category, with the incest group showing an overall higher percentage with clinical elevations. The results suggest that incest victims are a heterogeneous client group who may require differentiated treatment approaches. (Author/NB)
- Published
- 1992
25. Canonical Correlations between Dimensions of Acculturation and Psychological Adjustment.
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Orozco, Sergio and Freidrich, Katherine R.
- Abstract
The relationship between factors underlying a measure of acculturation, the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans (ARSMA), and the 566-item Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was studied. The ARSMA consists of 20 questions that are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from Mexican oriented (1) to Anglo oriented (5). Acculturation is an important moderator variable in surveys of the mental health of Mexican Americans. Subjects were 349 English speaking Mexican American college students and 101 Anglo American college students in Texas. Results of principal components analysis indicate that noteworthy relationships exist between some aspects of acculturation and conventional measures of psychological adjustment. Individuals who score lower on social withdrawal/intrapersonal dissatisfaction and social conformity on the ARSMA tend to score higher on the social withdrawal/intrapersonal dissatisfaction and social conformity factors of the MMPI. Results are not generalizable to the Hispanic American population as a whole because the sample consisted of English-speaking college students, most of whom were female. Three tables present study data, and there is a 14-item list of references. (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
26. Trainees' Perceptions of a Final Oral Competency Examination
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Goldberg, Robert W. and Young, Kevin R.
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Objective(s): The focus on competency attainment by professional psychology trainees obligates training programs to assess these competencies prior to completion of an internship. However, little is known about how trainees may perceive such testing. This study examines relationships between performance on an Oral Final Competency Examination of a clinical case and trainee perceptions of that examination. Method: Oral Final Competency Examinations were conducted utilizing the California School of Professional Psychology model with 48 interns over five internship years. Trainees presented a case to examiners, were rated in six competency domains by two examiners, and completed a questionnaire regarding their perception of the exam process two weeks later. Results: While all trainees passed the examination, those with lower scores perceived the examination and examiners less favorably. Prior experience with similar tasks and self-reported performance anxiety were surprisingly not related to exam performance. Conclusions: This study found that trainees' perceptions of an end-of-internship oral competency examination were strongly related to their examination performance. It is important that training program faculty reinforce the responsibility trainees have for their own performance, rather than re-evaluating the examinations themselves based on student feedback, which may be influenced by student performance.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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27. Differences between Adopted and Nonadopted Adolescents in Wilderness and Residential Treatment
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Bettmann, Joanna E., Freeman, Pamela Clarkson, and Parry, Kimber J.
- Abstract
Adopted children are disproportionately represented in residential treatment programs in the United States. Adopted children in the United States constitute only 2% to 3% of the U.S population. Nevertheless, they comprise approximately 16.5% of the population in residential care. This descriptive study evaluated a sample of 473 psychological evaluations of adolescents in wilderness and residential treatment centers. Results indicated that, compared with nonadopted youth, adopted youth had greater histories of recent trauma, higher rates of suicidal tendency and biological parents' mental illness, and poorer academic achievement. However, there were no significant differences between adopted and nonadopted youths in terms of defiant behaviors, IQ, substance use/abuse, reasons for referral, impulsivity, anxiety, or depression. Study results suggest that wilderness and residential programs may need to target programmatic elements specifically to meet the special needs of adopted adolescents who comprise a significant percentage of their client population.
- Published
- 2015
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28. Effects of a Mindfulness Group on Latino Adolescent Students: Examining Levels of Perceived Stress, Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, and Psychological Symptoms
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Edwards, Michelle, Adams, Eve M., Waldo, Michael, Hadfield, O. D., and Biegel, Gina M.
- Abstract
This pilot study evaluated the impact of mindfulness groups on 20 Latino middle school students who participated in 8-session structured groups using the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Teens curriculum. The participants' scores on the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale; the Self-Compassion Scale; the Perceived Stress Scale; and the Depression, Anxiety, and Hostility subscales of the Symptom Check List-90-R were examined at 3 points in time. There were no significant changes during the baseline period. Following participation in the groups, the adolescents' mindfulness and self-compassion scores significantly increased, and their perceived stress and depression significantly decreased.
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- 2014
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29. Using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 to Develop a Scale to Identify Test Anxiety among Students with Learning Disabilities
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Lufi, Dubi and Awwad, Abeer
- Abstract
The purpose of this article was to describe an initial step developing a new scale to identify individuals with learning disabilities (LD) and test anxiety. Eighty-eight students answered the "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2" (MMPI-2). The participants were drawn from the following three groups: (a) adults with LD and test anxiety, (b) adults with LD but no test anxiety, and (c) adults with no LD and no test anxiety. Each answer of the MMPI-2 was assessed using one-way ANOVA, and 37 items were selected. Additional ANOVA with both Bonferroni and Tukey post hoc tests at the 0.01 significance level reduced the new scale to 18 items. The final step assessed the reliability and convergent validity of the new scale with 18 items, by comparing it with the "Test Anxiety Inventory." The authors discuss the relationship between the conventional classification of test anxiety ("Worry" and "Emotionality") with the new scale.
- Published
- 2013
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30. Validation of the Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale-College Version Scores in a Sample of U.S. College Students
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Lowe, Patricia A.
- Abstract
Two studies examined the psychometric properties of the Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale-College Version (AMAS-C) scores among U.S. college students. In Study 1,300 college students were administered the AMAS-C. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) indicated that the five-factor model (four anxiety factors and one lie factor) with a higher order factor provided the best fit to the data. In Study 2,177 college students were administered the AMAS-C and external measures and correlational analyses indicated support for the convergent and discriminant validity of the AMAS-C scores. Implications of the findings of the studies for mental health professionals who work with college students are discussed.
- Published
- 2013
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31. The Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality for Youth (SNAP-Y): A New Measure for Assessing Adolescent Personality and Personality Pathology
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Linde, Jennifer A., Stringer, Deborah, Simms, Leonard J., and Clark, Lee Anna
- Abstract
The Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality-Youth Version (SNAP-Y) is a new, reliable self-report questionnaire that assesses 15 personality traits relevant to both normal-range personality and the alternative "DSM"-5 model for personality disorder. Community adolescents, 12 to 18 years old (N = 364), completed the SNAP-Y; 347 also completed the Big Five Inventory-Adolescent, 144 provided 2-week retest data, and 128 others completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent. Outpatient adolescents (N = 103) completed the SNAP-Y, and 97 also completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent. The SNAP-Y demonstrated strong psychometric properties, and structural, convergent, discriminant, and external validities. Consistent with the continuity of personality, results paralleled those in adult and college samples using the adult Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality-Second Edition (SNAP-2), from which the SNAP-Y derives and which has established validity in personality-trait assessment across the normal-abnormal continuum. The SNAP-Y thus provides a new, clinically useful instrument to assess personality traits and personality pathology in adolescents.
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- 2013
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32. Does the Disorder Matter? Investigating a Moderating Effect on Coached Noncredible Overreporting Using the MMPI-2 and PAI
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Veltri, Carlo O. C. and Williams, John E.
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The use of psychological tests to help identify the noncredible overreporting of psychiatric disorders is a long-standing practice that has received considerable attention from researchers. The purpose of this study was to experimentally determine whether feigning specific psychiatric disorders moderated the influence of coaching on the detection of noncredible overreporting using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). Using a 2 × 3 experimental analogue design, 265 undergraduates were asked to feign schizophrenia, posttraumatic stress disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder and were either coached about validity scales and disorders or not. The results of this study indicated that the specific psychiatric disorder being feigned did moderate the impact coaching had on the detection of overreported psychopathology using several scales on the MMPI-2 and PAI. Future research examining noncredible overreporting should take into account the impact caused by the interaction of psychiatric disorder with coaching on the detection of symptom overreporting and also identify other important moderating/mediating variables in order to develop more effective means of identifying response bias. (Contains 3 tables and 2 notes.)
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- 2013
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33. Assessment of Global Psychiatric Categories: The PSI/PSI-2 and the MMPI-2-RF
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Lanyon, Richard I. and Thomas, Michael L.
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The 3 Higher Order (HO) scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form and the 3 core clinical scales of the Psychological Screening Inventory/Psychological Screening Inventory-2 were developed to broadly represent the 3 traditional psychiatric categories of mental disorder: major psychiatric disorder ("psychotic"), general psychological distress ("neurotic"), and significant antisocial characteristics ("character disorder"). The present article reports 2 studies that assessed the validity of test scores from each scale for their intended purpose. Participants included 2 groups of forensic clients (n = 138 and 78), college undergraduates (n = 100), and previously reported data on larger groups of participants. Validity was supported in 2 ways: high loadings in confirmatory factor models based on the 3 psychiatric categories and medium to large effect sizes in discriminating between relevant disordered groups and normative groups. The tests showed comparable results. Limitations included co-morbidity in some participant groups and the relatively narrow range of psychopathology in undergraduate participants. (Contains 3 tables and 1 figure.)
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- 2013
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34. Identifying Students with Emotional Disturbance: School Psychologists' Practices and Perceptions
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Hanchon, Timothy A. and Allen, Ryan A.
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From its inception as a disability category in the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, serving students under the special education category Emotional Disturbance (ED) has been a challenging task for school psychologists. In particular, the vague and ambiguous federal definition has created an environment in which inconsistent assessment practices and decision making are almost inevitable. In this study, we examined school psychologists' ("N" = 214) assessment practices when determining initial eligibility for ED, as well as their perceptions regarding the language contained within the federal ED definition. Findings indicated that although school psychologists recognize the need for a multimethod, multisource assessment model when ED is a classification consideration, in many instances, their actual assessments are missing commonly recommended sources of data for making eligibility decisions, including classroom observations; parent, teacher, and student interviews; and behavior rating scales. The results from the study provide a useful overview of school psychologists' assessment practices and are couched within the questions and confusion that have surrounded the federal ED definition since its codification into law. (Contains 4 tables.)
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- 2013
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35. The Effect of Client Ethnicity on Clinical Interpretation of the MMPI-2
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Knaster, Cara A. and Micucci, Joseph A.
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Client ethnicity has been shown to affect clinicians' diagnostic impressions. However, it is not known whether interpretation of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) clinical scales is affected by ethnic bias. In this study, clinicians (82 males, 60 females) provided severity ratings for six symptoms based on three MMPI-2 profiles (representing the 27/72, 49/94, and 68/86 code-types) with the ethnicity of the client randomly assigned as either African American or Caucasian. To determine whether symptom severity ratings based on MMPI-2 profiles were affected by ethnicity, a 3 (code-type) x 2 (ethnicity) MANOVA was performed. Neither the main effect for ethnicity nor the ethnicity x code-type interaction was significant. These results indicated that the symptom severity ratings based on the MMPI-2 clinical scales were not affected by the client's identification as African American or Caucasian. Future studies are needed to explore the interpretation of profiles from clients representing other ethnic groups and for female clients. (Contains 2 tables and 1 note.)
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- 2013
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36. Social Desirability, Environmental Attitudes, and General Ecological Behaviour in Children
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Oerke, Britta and Bogner, Franz X.
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Socially desirable responses have been widely discussed as potentially biasing self-reported measures of environmental attitude and behaviour assessment. The direct and moderating effect of social desirability on children has not been analysed before. By applying a Lie scale together with a two-factor environmental attitude set measure and a scale of self-reported General Ecological Behaviour (GEB) to 198 pupils, we found a moderate impact of Lie scores on only one of both attitude measures and a small impact on GEB. In a multiple regression analysis general behaviour was predicted by attitude, social desirability, and the interaction of both. Social desirability had no moderating effect on the relationship between environmental attitudes and behaviour. Implications of these outcomes for research on environmental issues with children are discussed. (Contains 5 notes and 3 tables.)
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- 2013
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37. Comparison of the Level and Prevalence of ADHD Symptoms in Macao (China) and U.S. University Students
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Davis, J. Mark and Lao, Ian Leong
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Compared to other areas of the world and other Chinese societies such as Hong Kong and Taiwan, little is known about psychiatric conditions in Macao, a Special Administrative Region of China. There is growing evidence of the cross-national and cross-cultural validity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but there are no studies of ADHD symptoms in Macao. This study compared "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (4th ed., text rev.) ADHD symptoms of Macao postsecondary students (N = 459) to U.S. peers (N = 261). Based on symptom counts, Macao students reported higher rates of ADHD. With regard to recent problems, 7.01% of Macao students and 2.69% of U.S. students reported enough symptoms to meet the cutoff for 1 of the 3 subtypes. Requiring that enough symptoms be recalled to meet childhood criteria, recent rates dropped to 3.74% (Macao) and 1.15% (United States), which are within expectations based on worldwide estimates. Comparisons using other methods of calculating rates are also provided. This research adds to the limited knowledge of ADHD symptoms in postsecondary students across countries, and provides the first account of such symptoms in Macao. Assessment of ADHD symptoms in Macao is complicated by the high level of overall distress reported by students.
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- 2013
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38. Defining Characteristics of Creative Women
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Bender, Sarah White, Nibbelink, BradyLeigh, Towner-Thyrum, Elizabeth, and Vredenburg, Debra
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This study was an effort to identify correlates of creativity in women. A sample of 447 college students were given the picture completion subtest of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, the "How Do You Think Test," the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, the Multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory, the Family Environment Scale, and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Second Edition. Results provide evidence of gender differences in creative potential favoring men. Creativity in both men and women in the study was associated with openness, extraversion, resistance to social demands, substantial personal powerfulness, high energy, and impulsivity. Unique to men were correlations between creativity and overall self satisfaction, insensitivity to criticism, and distinctly unusual cognition. A review of the correlates of creativity in women reveals quite a mixed picture. In women, creativity was correlated with harshly self-critical judgments regarding their ability to live up to others' expectations. Curiously, creativity in women was also significantly correlated with cheerfulness, optimism, high expectations for interpersonal success, social poise, and comfort in interpersonal relationships. Family-of-origin characteristics associated with creativity were distinctly different for men and women, suggesting that family experiences conducive to later development of creativity in offspring may differ depending on the sex of the offspring.
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- 2013
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39. Predicting Drug Court Treatment Completion Using the MMPI-2-RF
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Mattson, Curtis, Powers, Bradley, Halfaker, Dale, Akeson, Steven, and Ben-Porath, Yossef
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We examined the ability of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008) substantive scales to predict Drug Court treatment completion in a sample of individuals identified as being at risk for failure to complete the program. Higher scores on MMPI-2-RF scales Behavior/Externalizing Dysfunction, Antisocial Behavior, Aberrant Experiences, Juvenile Conduct Problems, Aggression, and Disconstraint-Revised were associated with increased risk for failure to complete treatment. These results are consistent with previous findings (O'Reilly, 2007; Sellbom, Ben-Porath, Baum, Erez, & Gregory, 2008) regarding treatment completion. Gender was also found to be associated with treatment completion, with females being more likely to complete the Drug Court program than males. Zero-order correlations and relative risk analyses indicated that the MMPI-2-RF can provide useful information regarding risk factors for failure to complete Drug Court treatment. Limitations and future directions are discussed. (Contains 2 tables.)
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- 2012
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40. Comparing the MMPI-2 Scale Scores of Parents Involved in Parental Competency and Child Custody Assessments
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Resendes, John and Lecci, Len
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MMPI-2 scores from a parent competency sample (N = 136 parents) are compared with a previously published data set of MMPI-2 scores for child custody litigants (N = 508 parents; Bathurst et al., 1997). Independent samples t tests yielded significant and in some cases substantial differences on the standard MMPI-2 clinical scales (especially Scales 4, 8, 2, and 0), with the competency sample obtaining higher clinical scores as well as higher scores on F, F[subscript B], VRIN, TRIN, and L, but lower scores on K, relative to the custody sample. Despite the higher scores in the competency sample, MMPI-2 mean scores did not exceed the clinical cutoff (T greater than 65). Moreover, the present competency sample essentially replicates the MMPI-2 scores of a previously published competency sample, suggesting that the present findings are representative of that population. The present findings suggest that separate reference groups be used when conducting child custody vs. parental competency evaluations, as these appear to be distinct populations despite there being similarities in the testing circumstances. (Contains 1 table.)
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- 2012
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41. Empirical Correlates of Low Scores on MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF Restructured Clinical Scales in a Sample of University Students
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Avdeyeva, Tatyana V., Tellegen, Auke, and Ben-Porath, Yossef S.
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In the present study, the authors explored the meaning of low scores on the MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF Restructured Clinical (RC) scales. Using responses of a sample of university students (N = 811), the authors examined whether low (T less than 39), within-normal-limits (T = 39-64), and high (T greater than 65) score levels on the RC scales are differentially associated with Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ)-defined personality descriptions. Eleven primary MPQ scales and three higher order MPQ scales (Negative Emotionality, Positive Emotionality, and Constraint) were used to yield these descriptions. MANOVAs were conducted for each RC scale and followed up by univariate ANOVAs and post hoc Dunnett T3 tests to identify reliable RC-scale-defined group differences for the individual MPQ scales. For those cases that exhibited significant differences between the low and within-normal subgroups on the Dunnett T3 tests, effect sizes were computed. The authors identified and discussed meaningful MPQ-based personality characteristics of the low scoring subjects. (Contains 3 tables.)
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- 2012
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42. Examining the Potential for Gender Bias in the Prediction of Symptom Validity Test Failure by MMPI-2 Symptom Validity Scale Scores
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Lee, Tayla T. C., Graham, John R., Sellbom, Martin, and Gervais, Roger O.
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Using a sample of individuals undergoing medico-legal evaluations (690 men, 519 women), the present study extended past research on potential gender biases for scores of the Symptom Validity (FBS) scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 by examining score- and item-level differences between men and women and determining the extent to which FBS scores were able to correctly identify men and women who were divided into credible responders (n = 837) and noncredible responders (n = 372) on the basis of performance on symptom validity tests. Results indicated that women had slightly higher raw FBS scores than men (d = 0.29), and significant differences between men and women in item endorsement were demonstrated for 14 FBS items. Step-down hierarchical logistic regression procedures indicated predictive bias (chi[superscript 2]Delta = 23.72, p less than 0.001). Follow-up analyses indicated intercept bias (chi[superscript 2]Delta = 23.51, p less than 0.001) but not slope bias (chi[superscript 2]Delta = 0.22, p = 0.64). However, using the test publisher's recommended FBS cutoff scores (Ben-Porath, Graham, & Tellegen, 2009), classification accuracies were similar for women and men (T greater than 80, h = -0.02; T greater than 100, h = -0.22, respectively). On the basis of these results, we conclude there is no evidence of clinically meaningful bias in predictions of symptom validity test failure made using FBS scores for men and women. (Contains 4 tables and 5 footnotes.)
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- 2012
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43. The MMPI-2 Computerized Adaptive Version (MMPI-2-CA) in a Veterans Administration Medical Outpatient Facility
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Forbey, Johnathan D., Ben-Porath, Yossef S., and Arbisi, Paul A.
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The ability to screen quickly and thoroughly for psychological difficulties in existing and returning combat veterans who are seeking treatment for physical ailments would be of significant benefit. In the current study, item and time savings, as well as extratest correlations, associated with an audio-augmented version of the computerized adaptive Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2-CA) are examined in a group of 273 male veterans, ages 26-87 years. Results indicated an average item savings of approximately 103 items (18.6%), with a corresponding time savings of approximately 12 min (24.3%), for the MMPI-2-CA compared with conventional computerized administration of the test, as well as comparability in terms of test-retest coefficients and correlations with external measures. Future directions of adaptive personality testing are discussed. (Contains 4 tables and 1 footnote.)
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- 2012
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44. Teaching Creativity: Current Findings, Trends, and Controversies in the Psychology of Creativity
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Simonton, Dean Keith
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In the past decade, the psychological study of creativity has accelerated greatly. To facilitate the teaching of creativity, I provide an overview of the recent literature. The overview begins by discussing recent empirical results and research trends. This discussion specifically treats creativity's cognitive, differential, developmental, and social aspects. Then I outline central controversies in the study of creativity. These debates concern the nature of creative thought (domain-specific vs. generic processes), creative development (nature vs. nurture), and creative persons (psychopathology vs. mental health). The article closes by asking not just how to teach creativity but also how to teach creativity creatively. (Contains 1 figure.)
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- 2012
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45. The Personality Psychopathology-Five (PSY-5): Recent Constructive Replication and Assessment Literature Review
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Harkness, Allan R., Finn, Jacob A., McNulty, John L., and Shields, Susan M.
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The Personality Psychopathology-Five (PSY-5; Harkness & McNulty, 1994) is a model of individual differences relevant to adaptive functioning in both clinical and non-clinical populations. In this article, we review the development of the PSY-5 model (Harkness, 1992; Harkness & McNulty, 1994) and discuss the ways in which the PSY-5 model is related to and distinct from other 5-factor models. Using different methods and measures, the dimensions of the PSY-5 model have been constructively replicated (Lykken, 1968) by Tackett, Silberschmidt, Krueger, and Sponheim (2008) and by Watson, Clark, and Chmielewski (2008), and dimensions congruent with the PSY-5 have even been suggested for the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (5th ed.; Krueger et al., 2011). PSY-5 Scales can be scored from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher et al., 2001), the MMPI-Adolescent version (MMPI-A; Butcher et al., 1992), and the Restructured Form of the MMPI-2 (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008). Because the largest body of research exists for the MMPI-2-based scales, we focus our review of the literature on the MMPI-2-based PSY-5 scales (Harkness, McNulty, & Ben-Porath, 1995), but we briefly cover the small, but growing, body of MMPI-A and MMPI-2-RF PSY-5 scales research. We show that the PSY-5 research literature includes a wide variety of psychometric methodologies as well as diverse samples and clinical problems. An integrative summary reprises the theory behind each PSY-5 construct and links it to the reviewed literature. Advantages and limitations of MMPI-2-based PSY-5 scales are discussed. (Contains 1 table.)
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- 2012
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46. Diagnostic Construct Validity of MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) Scale Scores
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Sellbom, Martin, Bagby, R. Michael, Kushner, Shauna, Quilty, Lena C., and Ayearst, Lindsay E.
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In the current investigation, the authors examined the diagnostic construct validity of the "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form" (MMPI-2-RF) in a patient sample. All participants were diagnosed via the "Structured Clinical Interview" for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I/P). The data set used in this study was composed of 544 patients--67 with bipolar disorder, 407 with major depressive disorder, and 70 with schizophrenia. Multivariate analyses revealed a pattern of mean scale differences among patient groups that was mostly consistent with the prominent features of each diagnostic group; logistic regression analyses identified a number of scales that were strong, unique predictors in the differentiation between pairs of diagnostic groups. The higher order scales (H-O)--the Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction (EID) and Thought Dysfunction (THD) scales were most useful in differentiating between patient groups. For differentiating bipolar disorder patients from the other diagnostic groups, the Activation (ACT) Specific Problem scale was most useful. Although not all hypothesized scale differences emerged; overall, the pattern of results provides support for the diagnostic construct validity of the MMPI-2-RF scales. (Contains 4 tables and 6 notes.)
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- 2012
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47. Cultural Validity of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Empirical Correlates: Is This the Best We Can Do?
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Hill, Jill S., Robbins, Rockey R., and Pace, Terry M.
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This article critically reviews empirical correlates of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989), based on several validation studies conducted with different racial, ethnic, and cultural groups. A major critique of the reviewed MMPI-2 studies was focused on the use of extratest measures with origins in a purely Western worldview. To address significant ethical issues, future studies that investigate the validity of using the MMPI-2 with persons from diverse cultural backgrounds must incorporate extratest measures grounded in relevant cultural systems. Using culturally and contextually informed extratest measures to identify empirical correlates and validate the MMPI-2 will improve the research in this area by leaps and bounds.
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- 2012
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48. A Comparison of the Psychometric Properties of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory Full-Length and Short-Form Versions
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Kastner, Rebecca M., Sellbom, Martin, and Lilienfeld, Scott O.
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The Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) has shown promising construct validity as a measure of psychopathy. Because of its relative efficiency, a short-form version of the PPI (PPI-SF) was developed and has proven useful in many psychopathy studies. The validity of the PPI-SF, however, has not been thoroughly examined, and no studies have directly compared the validity of the short form with that of the full-length version. The current study was designed to compare the psychometric properties of both PPI versions, with an emphasis on convergent and discriminant validity in predicting external criteria conceptually relevant to psychopathy. We used both prison (n = 558) and college samples (n = 322) for this investigation. PPI scale scores were more reliable and more strongly correlated with the conceptually relevant criterion measures compared with the PPI-SF, particularly in the prison sample. There were no differences in relative discriminant validity. Thus, overall, the PPI full-length version showed more evidence of construct validity than did the short form, and the consequences of this psychometric difference should be considered when evaluating the clinical utility of each measure. (Contains 3 tables and 5 footnotes.)
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- 2012
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49. MMPI-2-RF Characteristics of Custody Evaluation Litigants
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Archer, Elizabeth M., Hagan, Leigh D., Mason, Janelle, Handel, Richard, and Archer, Robert P.
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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) is a 338-item objective self-report measure drawn from the 567 items of the MMPI-2. Although there is a substantial MMPI-2 literature regarding child custody litigants, there has been only one previously published study using MMPI-2-RF data in this population that focused on Validity scales L-r and K-r. The current study evaluated the MMPI-2-RF results of 344 child custody litigants and showed substantial consistency between "T"-score elevations typically found on MMPI-2 Validity scales L and K, and comparable elevations for MMPI-2-RF validity scales L-r and K-r. Mean "T"-scores well within normal limits characterized results for clinical scales on both instruments. The RC scale intercorrelation patterns, and alpha coefficient values found for MMPI-2-RF scales in a custody population, were also found to be very similar to those reported for other populations. Directions for future research are presented. (Contains 6 tables and 1 note.)
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- 2012
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50. Examining the Impact of Unscorable Item Responses on the Validity and Interpretability of MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF Restructured Clinical (RC) Scale Scores
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Dragon, Wendy R., Ben-Porath, Yossef S., and Handel, Richard W.
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This article examined the impact of unscorable item responses on the psychometric validity and practical interpretability of scores on the Restructured Clinical (RC) Scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2/Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF). In analyses conducted with five archival samples, we found that relatively large proportions of unscorable responses (defined as 10% or more of the items scored on a scale) were relatively uncommon, occurring most often in forensic samples. Simulated unscorable responses were inserted in varying proportions (10% to 90%) in place of the responses of participants in two of the archival samples for which criterion data were available. Analyses were conducted to gauge the impact of unscorable responses on the criterion validity of scores on these scales and their interpretability. Impact on validity was evaluated by examining correlations with extra-test variables as a function of increasing levels of unscorable responding. Interpretability was evaluated by examining the proportion of participants who produced clinically elevated RC Scale scores as a function of unscorable responding. Results indicate that whereas scale score validity was relatively robust up to a level of 50% unscorable responses, interpretability was substantially compromised at only 10% unscorable responding. This suggests that prorated scores may be used to correct for the impact of unscorable responses on the interpretability of RC Scale scores at levels as high as 50% unscorable responses. Classification analyses supported this possibility. Further steps needed to explore the feasibility of using prorated scores are discussed. (Contains 13 tables and 1 note.)
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- 2012
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