Use of the MMPI-I in Identifying Personality Characteristics of Anorexia Nervosa, Restrictor Subtype: A Review of the Literature.

In recent decades, the incidence of eating disorders has sharply increased. This paper reviews literature published between 1969 through 1992 which addresses personality characteristics of individuals with anorexia nervosa, restrictor subtype, utilizing the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-I). The current literature and research in the area of MMPI-I use and personality characteristics in anorexia nervosa is reviewed first, followed by a discussion of treatment approaches based on the MMPI-I findings on anorexic restrictors. The study's findings were inconsistent, but a general caricature for this population was presented. A chronic picture of immature, passive-aggressive individuals was exhibited along with depression, and social alienation, poor personality integration, clear thought disorders (such as body-image distortions), obsessionality, anxiety, low ego strength, and limited awareness of psychological problems. Researchers were also interested in treatment outcomes and several studies were interested in attempting to identify personality characteristics that may indicate a better prognosis for individuals with anorexia nervosa, restrictor subtype. Restrictor anorexics who acknowledged a greater need for attention and affection may fare better than individuals with other types of eating disorders due to the former's ability to address these specific needs in treatment. Suggestions for future research are presented. (RJM)