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Resilience and sustainability are now primary goals for future cities. On one hand, the extreme natural and man-made events that have recently hit urban systems (earthquakes, tsunamis, terroristic attacks) makes resilience a principal challenge of our society. On the other hand, the high environmental, social and economic burden that cities have today, combined with the high exposure of the world population in cities, makes sustainability as well a main objective for future development. However, how the two concepts are linked and how we should imagine future cities in terms of resilience and sustainability, represent an issue for scientific debate. An approach aimed at hinging the concept of resilience within a sustainability-based framework is being proposed here, where safety of city inhabitants is considered as a main requirement for sustainability of future cities. Here, the city is seen as a complex and dynamic organism for which sustainability should be ensured at each stage of the urban development. The proposed approach moves from the point that, for the city, an extreme event and the resulting changes moving the city to a new point of dynamic equilibrium, represent a stage in the life cycle, i.e. the Hazardous Event Occurrence phase; hence, it is stated that resilience represents the sustainability of this phase, from the economic, social and environmental point of view, for all the present and future actors, directly and indirectly involved in the recovery process. Furthermore, since urban systems are interconnected with each other by a complex network of relationships, it is also stated that city resilience must be sought on a “glocal” scale, as it also happens for sustainability; that is, the objective of city resilience must be pursued both on a local scale, referring to the physical and social systems within cities, and on the global scale, referring to the system of relationships which connects cities to each other.

In quest articolo è analizzato il comportamento di edifici ecclesiastici in muratura per effetto di azioni sismiche. A questo scopo, sono state analizzate dieci chiese a pianta basilicale impiegando una procedura a “due passi”. Durante il primo step, il modello 3D agli elementi finiti di ogni edificio è analizzato in campo lineare al fine di determinarne le caratteristiche dinamiche e di valutare la richiesta sismica. Successivamente, gli edifici sono scomposti in singoli macroelementi, ciascuno dei quali è stato analizzato in campo non lineare fino al collasso al fine di determinarne la capacità portante a carichi orizzontali. I risultati del primo step(richiesta sismica) e del secondo(capacità) sono quindi stati confrontati per avere una stima del livello di sicurezza/vulnerabilità del singolo macroelemento e della struttura a livello globale.

sono descritti: Tassonomia morfologia, ciclo biologico , epidemiologia, sintomatologia e rilievi patologici, diagnosi, controllo e trattamento degli endo ed ectoparassiti del suino

The paper summarises the experimental data collected by in-situ and laboratory tests on the soils in the Aterno valley, with the aim to characterize the seismic response of the sites selected for the emergency houses (C.A.S.E.), built few months after the April 6, 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. The results reported in the paper are relevant to the experimental activity coordinated by the Italian Geotechnical Society (AGI), and carried out by a network of advanced soil dynamics laboratories. The in situ tests consisted of MASW tests; the shear wave velocity profiles in some sites were successfully compared against DH and SDMT tests and instrumentally recorded HVSR amplification. The laboratory investigation included cyclic/dynamic simple/torsional shear tests on undisturbed samples. The results, summarised in terms of variation of stiffness and damping with shear strain, highlighted some peculiar properties of the soils in the Aterno valley, which can significantly affect the non-linear seismic response of the sites.

Viene descritta la tassonomia, morfologia, ciclo biologico, epidemiologia, sintomatologia e rilievi patologici, diagnosi, controllo e trattamento degli endo ed ectoparassiti degli uccelli domestici e selvatici

Viene descritta la tassonomia, morfologia, ciclo biologico, epidemiologia, sintomatologia e rilievi patologici, diagnosi, controllo e trattamento degli endo ed ectoparassiti degli animali esotici, inclusi i piccioni.

This work addresses the assessment of the electromagnetic disturbance induced by a composite barrier-fencing airport structures-to radio-communication electromagnetic waves. The barrier is composed of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tubular elements installed into a concrete base. Based on the electromagnetic properties of constituent materials, numerical analyses describing the electromagnetic phenomenon were carried out, simulating the barrier submerged into the electromagnetic field of interest. Furthermore, full-scale experimental tests were also performed on samples of the barrier in an anechoic chamber, reproducing the electromagnetic field generated by the radio-communication antennas. Both the numerical and experimental studies confirm that composites and, in particular, GFRPs result in low interference with electromagnetic fields. The main contribution to the interference is generated by the concrete base. However, it may be significantly reduced by using particular strategies, for example, in very high frequency omnidirectional range systems, by placing the concrete basement under the counterpoise level of the antennas.

Viene trattato il capitolo dell'Epidemiologia delle malattie parassitarie, suddividendo la trattazione stessa nei seguenti argomenti: 1. Aumento del numero degli stadi infettanti 2. Modificazioni della recettività degli ospiti 3. Introduzione di soggetti recettivi in un ambiente infetto 4. Introduzione del parassita in un ambiente indenne 5. Conseguenze socio-economiche delle malattie parassitarie 6. Misure di frequenza (con esempi di calcolo) Gli argomenti 5. e 6. rappresentano contributi originali dell'Autore, non presenti nell'edizione inglese

Strutture prefabbricate caratterizzate da nodi senza trasmissione di momento presentano un comportamento sismico che può rendere difficoltoso il soddisfacimento dei requisiti prestazionali imposti dalle recenti normative sismiche. In questa memoria vengono presentati, attraverso l’illustrazione di un esempio applicativo, i vantaggi offerti dall’inserimento in tali strutture di smorzatori viscosi aggiuntivi aventi il fine di migliorarne il comportamento sismico. L’esempio applicativo viene condotto con riferimento ad un edificio ad uso commerciale a due piani con pianta rettangolare: diverse soluzioni strutturali sia di tipo tradizionale che innovativo sono state considerate allo scopo di individuare la soluzione che meglio rispondesse ai requisiti prestazionali di normativa ed ai necessari presupposti di economia e velocità di realizzazione dell’opera. I risultati mostrano come sistemi di controventamento di tipo tradizionale siano in grado di soddisfare i requisiti di normativa a scapito, però, di elevate ed insostenibili sollecitazioni sia in fondazione, che nelle travi e nei pilastri facenti parte del sistema stesso di controventamento. Al contrario, l’inserimento di sistemi di controventamento dissipativo consente di ridurre efficacemente gli effetti del sisma, facendo rientrare le prestazioni della struttura all’interno delle limitazioni imposte dalla normativa, senza tuttavia generare azioni eccessivamente elevate nei diversi elementi strutturali (dissipatori compresi).

Structures characterized by eccentricity in plan between the centre of mass and the centre of stiffness, under seismic excitations, develop coupled lateral-torsional response which may increase the deformation level of the structural elements which are more distant from the centre of stiffness. In this paper, first, the fundamental linear-elastic parameters and the additional non-linear parameters which govern the torsional response of one-storey asymmetric systems have been clearly identified. Second, the basic findings are briefly recalled of previous research works by the authors which have led to the identification of a synthetic structural parameter (called a) capable of capturing the essence of the torsional behaviour of linear-elastic systems and allowing effective maximum rotational response estimations. Third, preliminary non-linear dynamic simulations are carried out to investigate the rotational trends of asymmetric systems characterised by non-linear behaviour under seismic excitation. The results indicate that (i) the ratio of the maximum rotation over the maximum displacement for non-linear systems is generally inferior to the corresponding ratio for linear-elastic systems, and that (ii) the estimations of the maximum rotation obtained using the a parameter are generally on the safe side, thus providing useful upper bounds for the actual rotation of non-linear systems.

Introduzione all'edizione dei due trattati sulla peste del medico Girolamo Manfredi, volta a contestualizzare l'opera e a offrire una prima analisi delle due versioni dei trattati

The foreseeable future of Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWS) is their use as a tool for real-time seismic risk management and mitigation. The applicability potential of EEWS seems to be more related to the immediate activation of safety measures for critical systems rather than as a massive alert to the public. Evacuation of buildings requires warning times which are unlikely to be available in many urbanized areas threatened by seismic hazard, whereas the protection of critical systems may still significantly help to reduce the losses subsequent to a catastrophic event and to increase the resiliency of communities to earthquakes.

Nel lavoro sono riportati i risultati di un’analisi non lineare su nodi trave-colonna esterni di strutture in calcestruzzo armato esistenti, progettate prescindendo dalla presenza di azioni sismiche e rinforzate mediante l’impiego di nastri e/o lamine in FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers). Con riferimento ad un nodo esterno sottoposto a forze assiali applicate al pilastro ed azioni flessionali e taglianti applicate sulla trave, l’analisi è stata condotta sia attraverso un procedimento analitico in grado di valutare la capaci-tà ultima e la modalità di crisi del nodo sia mediante una procedura agli elementi finiti. Il comportamento del nodo rinforzato mediante nastri in FRP è stato messo a confronto con quello del nodo non rinforzato evidenziando la capacità della tecnica di rinforzo adoperata di escludere la crisi per taglio e spostare la formazione delle cerniere plasti-che all’interno della trave. I risultati dell’analisi numerica sono stati confrontati, inoltre, con alcuni risultati sperimentali disponibili in letteratura. Il confronto ha consentito di va-lutare l’efficacia dell’approccio analitico nel prevedere la risposta strutturale del nodo con e senza rinforzo.

The present paper shows and discusses some of the results obtained within an experimental investigation carried out on ten RC beams strengthened in shear by externally bonded FRP sheets. The aim of the study is to analyze the influence that the geometrical percentage of transverse steel reinforcement could have on the FRP resisting action. In particular, the objectives of the experimental campaign have been to explore the possible interaction between FRP and steel transverse reinforcement resisting actions, analysing the deformation behaviour of the shear resisting system (FRP, transverse steel, concrete) and the modes of failure of the strengthened beams.

Halfway between the N body model and the usual hydrodynamic, one the Vlasov equation (supplemented by the Poisson‐Maxwell equations) describes different media going from nuclear matter to the expanding universe (via semiconductors, plasmas, and stellar dynamics problems and the introduction of a quantum counterpart, the so‐called Wigner equation). In the first part we discuss the conditions of validity and how the equation can be pushed at the particle level through the dressed test particle picture. In a second part we discuss how, via water bag and multi water bag models, at least for one‐dimensional problems, the Vlasov model can be interpreted as a multifluid hydrodynamics and how mathematical similarities between 2D incompressible and the 2D phase space fluid can be used in vortex stability problems. The next part presents self similar group techniques and their embedding in the rescaling method to obtain the asymptotic solutions of expanding one species plasma and self‐gravitating universe. The last part shows how numerical methods must concentrate on keeping useful information and the interest of using as new numerical variables the dynamical invariants (energy, angular momentum, magnetic moment, etc.). This need to include analytical results into our numerical schemes for a better understanding of the Vlasov model will be our conclusion.

In the field of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete (RC) structures most of the available research works relate to the flexural behaviour. This paper covers the main issues affecting the flexural behaviour of FRP reinforced members: the most significant experimental results obtained from several researchers are summarized and provisions reported by the international codes are discussed. Finally, some research needs are suggested.

The amounts of nuclear DNA and the AT and GC content of four Eulemur (Prosimii, Lemuridae) species and of an E. coronatus x E. macaco hybrid were measured by flow cytometry in peripheral blood leukocytes, following propidium iodide, Hoechst 33258, and mithramycin staining. Hoechst 33258 and mithramycin were also used to evaluate the base composition of genomic DNA in the chromosomes. The amount of DNA resisting C-banding pretreatment (C-heterochromatic DNA) was measured in metaphase chromosomes by static fluorometry. The genome of E. coronatus was significantly larger than the genomes of all other species examined, due to a higher content of pericentromeric, mainly GC-rich, heterochromatic DNA. The restriction banding patterns produced by BamHI digestion and ethidium bromide staining on extracted DNA were studied in the hybrid and its parental species (E. coronatus and E. macaco). The restriction banding pattern of the sole E. coronatus individual showed two bands which were repeated in the restriction banding pattern of the hybrid. The qualitative and quantitative differences of C-heterochromatic DNA in E. coronatus confirm the "splitting" processes and the phylogenetic relationships in the genus Eulemur suggested by Jung et al. (1992) on the basis of the restriction banding patterns produced by endonuclease digestion.

This paper was written at the conclusion of the International Workshop titled "Composites for Construction: A Reality," held in Capri, Italy, July 20-21, 2001. Its objective is to collect and summarize main ideas, opinions, evaluations, and proposals that emerged during the discussions held by the participants at break-up and general sessions. For simplicity, the reporting follows the order of such sessions and includes elements from the general sessions when applicable. The paper is intended to help professionals and scientists interested in the study and implementation of composites for the built infrastructure by providing a vivid snapshot of the state-of-the-art situation, opportunities, barriers, and needed research for the immediate future.