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377. Treatment with low-dose tacrolimus inhibits bleeding complications in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arterial hypertension

Author

Sommer, N, Droege, F, Gamen, KE, Geisthoff, U, Gall, H, Tello, K, Richter, MJ, Deubner, LM, Schmiedel, R, Hecker, M, Spiekerkoetter, E, Wirsching, K, Seeger, W, Ghofrani, HA, and Pullamsetti, S

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can be found in patients suffering from a loss-of-function mutation of the gene encoding for the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK-1), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type 1 receptor. Interestingly, ALK-1 mutations also lead to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), an autosomal dominant disease characterized by arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) leading to potentially life-threatening bleeding complications such as epistaxis. Current therapeutic options for both diseases are limited and often only temporary or accompanied by severe side effects. Here, we report of a patient with a mutation of the ALK-1 gene suffering from both HHT and PAH. Recently, it was shown that tacrolimus increased ALK-1 signaling and had beneficial effects in selected end-stage PAH patients. We thus hypothesized that treatment with tacrolimus may prevent disease progression in this patient. Surprisingly, treatment with low-dose tacrolimus dramatically improved his HHT-associated epistaxis but did not attenuate progression of PAH.

Published
2019
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378. Die orale Gabe von CPSI 2364 verhindert den postoperativen Ileus im Groβtiermodell ohne Beeinflussung der intestinalen Wundheilung.

Author

Vilz, T.O., Sommer, N., Wehner, S., Pantelis, D., Hirner, A., and Kalff, J.C.

Abstract

Background. The mechanical trauma of the gut is an unavoidable consequence of abdominal surgery leading to postoperative ileus (POI). Former studies revealed that activation of resident macrophages in the muscularis externa (ME) is an initial step in the inflammatory cascade resulting in massive inflammation of the bowel wall with intestinal dysmotility [1, 2]. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the macrophage-specific c-Raf-pathway inhibitor CPSI 2364 in preventing POI in swine. Additionally, we investigated disturbances of intestinal wound repair, as macrophage-function is essential in this process [3]. Materials and Methods. Swine were treated orally with placebo or 1mg/kg CPSI 2364 before standardized intestinal manipulation. 24 h later swine were sacrificed and the whole digestive tract was removed for further investigation. Inflammation within the ME of the small bowel was quantified using RT-PCR (MCP-1) and a myeloperoxidase-assay. To examine smooth muscle function, jejunal muscularis strips were exposed to an increasing concentration of a muscarinic agonist in an in vitro organ bath and contractility was analyzed. Furthermore intestinal transit time was measured in vivo. In a second experiment swine received an anastomosis of the colon to examine intestinal wound repair. On postoperative day 6 mRNA levels of wound healing parameters (VEGF, Collagen 1 and 3) and perianastomotic hydroxyproline concentration were examined. To assess mechanical strength bursting pressure was measured. Results. After treatment with CPSI 2364 a significant inflammatory reduction within the ME on mRNA- and cell-level could be demonstrated. Furthermore, smooth muscle function was improved, resulting in an accelerated intestinal transit time and an elevated contractility. Clinical course and perianastomotic mRNA-levels, hydroxyproline concentration or bursting pressure showed no evidence of impaired intestinal wound healing. Conclusion. Preoperative application of CPSI 2364 reduces postoperative inflammation within the ME subsequently preventing POI. A detrimental influence of CPSI 2364 on intestinal wound repair could not be demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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381. Effects of hypercapnia and NO synthase inhibition in sustained hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

Author

Ketabchi Farzaneh, Ghofrani Hossein A, Schermuly Ralph T, Seeger Werner, Grimminger Friedrich, Egemnazarov Bakytbek, Shid-Moosavi S Mostafa, Dehghani Gholam A, Weissmann Norbert, and Sommer Natascha

Subjects
hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis, nitric oxide, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background Acute respiratory disorders may lead to sustained alveolar hypoxia with hypercapnia resulting in impaired pulmonary gas exchange. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) optimizes gas exchange during local acute (0-30 min), as well as sustained (> 30 min) hypoxia by matching blood perfusion to alveolar ventilation. Hypercapnia with acidosis improves pulmonary gas exchange in repetitive conditions of acute hypoxia by potentiating HPV and preventing pulmonary endothelial dysfunction. This study investigated, if the beneficial effects of hypercapnia with acidosis are preserved during sustained hypoxia as it occurs, e.g in permissive hypercapnic ventilation in intensive care units. Furthermore, the effects of NO synthase inhibitors under such conditions were examined. Method We employed isolated perfused and ventilated rabbit lungs to determine the influence of hypercapnia with or without acidosis (pH corrected with sodium bicarbonate), and inhibitors of endothelial as well as inducible NO synthase on acute or sustained HPV (180 min) and endothelial permeability. Results In hypercapnic acidosis, HPV was intensified in sustained hypoxia, in contrast to hypercapnia without acidosis when HPV was amplified during both phases. L-NG-Nitroarginine (L-NNA), a non-selective NO synthase inhibitor, enhanced acute as well as sustained HPV under all conditions, however, the amplification of sustained HPV induced by hypercapnia with or without acidosis compared to normocapnia disappeared. In contrast 1400 W, a selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), decreased HPV in normocapnia and hypercapnia without acidosis at late time points of sustained HPV and selectively reversed the amplification of sustained HPV during hypercapnia without acidosis. Hypoxic hypercapnia without acidosis increased capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc). This increase disappeared after administration of 1400 W. Conclusion Hypercapnia with and without acidosis increased HPV during conditions of sustained hypoxia. The increase of sustained HPV and endothelial permeability in hypoxic hypercapnia without acidosis was iNOS dependent.

Published
2012
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385. Central pontine myelinolysis associated with low potassium levels in alcoholism.

Author

Bähr, M., Sommer, N., Petersen, D., Wiethölter, H., and Dichgans, J.

Abstract

Two patients with chronic alcohol abuse and central pontine myelinolysis are described. One developed a Korsakoff syndrome 2 days before admission to our hospital and the other showed signs of a incipient delirium without Korsakoff syndrome. Diagnosis of incipient central pontine myelinolysis was based on acute brain-stem dysfunction, serum electrolyte disturbances, malnutrition with vitamin B (thiamine), B (pyridoxine) and B (cyanocobalamine) deficiency in combination with typical neuroradiological findings. Hypokalaemia but no disturbance in serum sodium levels was found in both patients. After correction of hypokalaemia and vitamin deficiency the patients showed complete recovery of neurological and neuropsychological function. The findings are interpreted as suggesting that disturbances in serum potassium levels as well as rapid correction of hyponatraemia may be associated with pontine swelling and dysfunction which, if undetected, leads to central pontine myelinolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1990
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386. Anti-titin antibodies are not associated with a specific thymoma histology.

Author

Voltz, R, Aibrich, W, Hohifeld, R, Nagel, D, Wick, M, Kirchner, T, Sommer, N, Illa, I, Albrich, W, Kaminski, H, Hohlfeld, R, and Schumm, F

Subjects
MYASTHENIA gravis, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, NEUROMUSCULAR diseases, THYMECTOMY, RADIOLOGY, HISTOLOGY
Abstract

The article studies the association of Anti-titin antibodies with thymoma histology. After the first description of antibodies to titin patients with thymoma associated myasthenia gravis in 1990, this finding was independently confirmed and the main immunogenic region of titin identified. The presence of anti-titin point towards an underlying thymoma. If consistent with radiology, thymectomy is performed also to exclude the presence of an infiltrating thymic carcinoma. As the research data now show, titin antibodies are not correlated with thymoma histology and therefore do not add to the presurgical information on the tumour.

Published
2003
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388. Variable Corticosteroid Sensitivity of Thymic Cortex and Medullary Peripheral-type Lymphoid Tissue in Myasthenia Gravis Patients: Structural and Functional Effects

Author

WILLCOX, N., SCHLUEPT, M., SOMMER, N., CAMPANA, D., JANOSSY, G., BROWN, A. N., and NEWSOM-DAVIST, J.

Abstract

The thymus has been studied in myasthenia gravis patients to assess the effects of previous immunosuppresslon on total yields of cell suspension, immunohistology and culture responses. The reduction in cell yields by pretreatment with corticosteroid was very variable. In 16 of 32 cases, cortical, medullary and total cell numbers were all greatly reduced (‘depleted cases’), whereas in the others, they were within or near the typical range for untreated myasthenics. Cortical thymocytes were even more depleted than precursor thymic blasts. Thus the interpatient differences in sensitivity to corticosteroid recently described for mature T cells also affected immature cortical thymocytes and their differentiating medullary progeny.In the medulla, mature (CD3+)T lymphocytes and germinal centres were enriched by the loss of cortex and appeared relatively healthy, but somewhat depopulated. Concomitantly, in-vitro T-cell responses to acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and production of anti-A ChR antibody and total IgG by thymic cells were usually well within the typical range (assessed per 106 cells). Moreover, the total productivity of the entire thymus was reduced almost entirely by the cellular depopulation rather than by decreased function per surviving cell. Thus the main actions of this alternate day therapy with corticosteroids were apparently on total peripheral cell numbers, and perhaps on activated cells and effector mechanisms too, and its thymic effects were inessential.

Published
1989

389. Weak lensing of Type Ia Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey.

Author

Macaulay, E, Bacon, D, Nichol, R C, Davis, T M, Elvin-Poole, J, Brout, D, Carollo, D, Glazebrook, K, Hinton, S R, Lewis, G F, Lidman, C, Möller, A, Sako, M, Scolnic, D, Smith, M, Sommer, N E, Tucker, B E, Abbott, T M C, Aguena, M, and Annis, J

Subjects
*TYPE I supernovae, *DARK energy, *GRAVITATIONAL effects, *GRAVITATIONAL lenses, *DATA analysis
Abstract

We consider the effects of weak gravitational lensing on observations of 196 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) from years 1 to 3 of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We simultaneously measure both the angular correlation function and the non-Gaussian skewness caused by weak lensing. This approach has the advantage of being insensitive to the intrinsic dispersion of SNe Ia magnitudes. We model the amplitude of both effects as a function of σ8, and find σ8 =1.2 |$^{+0.9}_{-0.8}$|⁠. We also apply our method to a subsample of 488 SNe from the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA; chosen to match the redshift range we use for this work), and find σ8 =0.8 |$^{+1.1}_{-0.7}$|⁠. The comparable uncertainty in σ8 between DES–SN and the larger number of SNe from JLA highlights the benefits of homogeneity of the DES–SN sample, and improvements in the calibration and data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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390. C  iv black hole mass measurements with the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES).

Author

Hoormann, J K, Martini, P, Davis, T M, King, A, Lidman, C, Mudd, D, Sharp, R, Sommer, N E, Tucker, B E, Yu, Z, Allam, S, Asorey, J, Avila, S, Banerji, M, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D L, Calcino, J, Carnero Rosell, A, and Carollo, D

Subjects
*DARK energy, *BLACK holes, *QUASARS, *SUPERMASSIVE black holes, *MASS measurement, *GALACTIC evolution
Abstract

Black hole mass measurements outside the local Universe are critically important to derive the growth of supermassive black holes over cosmic time, and to study the interplay between black hole growth and galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present two measurements of supermassive black hole masses from reverberation mapping (RM) of the broad C  iv emission line. These measurements are based on multiyear photometry and spectroscopy from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES), which together constitute the OzDES RM Program. The observed reverberation lag between the DES continuum photometry and the OzDES emission line fluxes is measured to be |$358^{+126}_{-123}$| and |$343^{+58}_{-84}$| d for two quasars at redshifts of 1.905 and 2.593, respectively. The corresponding masses of the two supermassive black holes are 4.4 × 109 and 3.3 × 109 M⊙, which are among the highest redshift and highest mass black holes measured to date with RM studies. We use these new measurements to better determine the C  iv radius−luminosity relationship for high-luminosity quasars, which is fundamental to many quasar black hole mass estimates and demographic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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391. Pre-therapeutic factors for predicting survival after radioembolization: a single-center experience in 389 patients.

Author

Paprottka, K., Schoeppe, F., Ingrisch, M., Rübenthaler, J., Sommer, N., Toni, E., Ilhan, H., Zacherl, M., Todica, A., and Paprottka, P.

Subjects
*RADIOEMBOLIZATION, *CANCER radiotherapy, *RADIOISOTOPE brachytherapy, *BILIRUBIN, *LIVER cells
Abstract

Purpose: To determine pre-therapeutic predictive factors for overall survival (OS) after yttrium (Y)-90 radioembolization (RE). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the pre-therapeutic characteristics (sex, age, tumor entity, hepatic tumor burden, extrahepatic disease [EHD] and liver function [with focus on bilirubin and cholinesterase level]) of 389 consecutive patients with various refractory liver-dominant tumors (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], cholangiocarcinoma [CCC], neuroendocrine tumor [NET], colorectal cancer [CRC] and metastatic breast cancer [MBC]), who received Y-90 radioembolization for predicting survival. Predictive factors were selected by univariate Cox regression analysis and subsequently tested by multivariate analysis for predicting patient survival. Results: The median OS was 356 days (95% CI 285-427 days). Stable disease was observed in 132 patients, an objective response in 71 (one of which was complete remission) and progressive disease in 122. The best survival rate was observed in patients with NET, and the worst in patients with MBC. In the univariate analyses, extrahepatic disease ( P < 0.001), large tumor burden ( P = 0.001), high bilirubin levels (>1.9 mg/dL, P < 0.001) and low cholinesterase levels (CHE <4.62 U/I, P < 0.001) at baseline were significantly associated with poor survival. Tumor entity, tumor burden, extrahepatic disease and CHE were confirmed in the multivariate analysis as independent predictors of survival. Sex, applied RE dose and age had no significant influence on OS. Conclusions: Pre-therapeutic baseline bilirubin and CHE levels, extrahepatic disease and hepatic tumor burden are associated with patient survival after RE. Such parameters may be used to improve patient selection for RE of primary or metastatic liver tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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392. Physical fitness and plasma leptin in women with recent gestational diabetes.

Author

Gar, C., Rottenkolber, M., Grallert, H., Banning, F., Freibothe, I., Sacco, V., Wichmann, C., Reif, S., Potzel, A., Dauber, V., Schendell, C., Sommer, N. N., Wolfarth, B., Seissler, J., Lechner, A., and Ferrari, U.

Subjects
*TYPE 2 diabetes, *GESTATIONAL diabetes, *PREGNANCY complications, *CROSS-sectional method, *GLUCOSE tolerance tests, *PHYSICAL fitness
Abstract

Aims/Hypothesis: Low physical fitness (PF) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) are at risk for T2D at a young age, but the role of PF in this population is not clear. PF has also been found to correlate inversely with plasma leptin in previous studies. Here, we examine whether women who had GDM have lower PF than women after a normoglycemic pregnancy and, second, whether PF is associated with plasma leptin, independently of body fat mass. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 236 participants in the PPSDiab Study (cohort study of women 3–16 months after delivery, 152 after gestational diabetes (pGDM), 84 after normoglycemic pregnancy (control subjects); consecutively recruited 2011–16); medical history, physical examination with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n = 154), 5-point oral glucose tolerance test, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, clinical chemistry including fasting plasma leptin; statistical analysis with Mann–Whitney U and t -test, Spearman correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression. Results: Women pGDM had lower maximally achieved oxygen uptake (VO2peak/kg: 25.7(21.3–29.9) vs. 30.0(26.6–34.1)ml/min/kg; total VO2peak: 1733(1552–2005) vs. 1970(1767–2238)ml/min; p<0.0001 for both), and maximum workload (122.5(105.5–136.5) vs. 141.0(128.5–159.5)W; p<0.0001). Fasting plasma leptin correlated inversely with PF (VO2peak/kg ρ = -0.72 p<0.0001; VO2peak ρ = -0.16 p = 0.015; max. load ρ = -0.35 p<0.0001). These associations remained significant with adjustment for body mass index, or for body fat mass (BIA and MRI). Conclusions/Interpretation: Women with a recent history of GDM were less fit than control subjects. Low PF may therefore contribute to the risk for T2D after GDM. This should be tested in intervention studies. Low PF also associated with increased leptin levels–independently of body fat. PF may therefore influence leptin levels and signaling. This hypothesis requires further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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393. Weak lensing of Type Ia Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Anais Möller, E. Bertin, A. K. Romer, Samuel Hinton, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, A. Roodman, David J. Brooks, Sunayana Bhargava, T. N. Varga, Peter Doel, M. Smith, H. T. Diehl, Ramon Miquel, David Bacon, Ofer Lahav, Jennifer L. Marshall, Daniel Gruen, Jack Elvin-Poole, David J. James, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Kyler Kuehn, Ryan J. Foley, Geraint F. Lewis, Daniel Scolnic, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, A. R. Walker, G. Tarle, M. E. C. Swanson, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Dragan Huterer, V. Scarpine, E. Suchyta, B. Flaugher, Robert A. Gruendl, Karl Glazebrook, Felipe Menanteau, J. Annis, Daniela Carollo, M. Sako, D. W. Gerdes, Peter Melchior, C. Lidman, B. E. Tucker, D. L. Hollowood, J. Carretero, Michael Schubnell, Tamara M. Davis, S. Desai, Michel Aguena, K. Honscheid, S. Serrano, M. Costanzi, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Jochen Weller, Marcos Lima, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Edward Macaulay, A. A. Plazas, N. E. Sommer, D. J. Brout, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, Enrique Gaztanaga, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Macaulay, E., Bacon, D., Nichol, R. C., Davis, T. M., Elvin-Poole, J., Brout, D., Carollo, D., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Lewis, G. F., Lidman, C., Möller, A., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sommer, N. E., Tucker, B. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Flaugher, B., Foley, R. J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., and Des, Collaboration

Subjects
Cosmological parameter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmological parameters, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, cosmology: observations, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, 0103 physical sciences, cosmological parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, Angular correlation function, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, observations [cosmology], Supernova, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Skewness, Dark energy, large-scale structure of the universe, ST/N000668/1, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], observation [cosmology]
Abstract

We consider the effects of weak gravitational lensing on observations of 196 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) from years 1 to 3 of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We simultaneously measure both the angular correlation function and the non-Gaussian skewness caused by weak lensing. This approach has the advantage of being insensitive to the intrinsic dispersion of SNe Ia magnitudes. We model the amplitude of both effects as a function of $\sigma_8$, and find $\sigma_8 = 1.2^{+0.9}_{-0.8}$. We also apply our method to a subsample of 488 SNe from the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA) (chosen to match the redshift range we use for this work), and find $\sigma_8 = 0.8^{+1.1}_{-0.7}$. The comparable uncertainty in $\sigma_8$ between DES-SN and the larger number of SNe from JLA highlights the benefits of homogeneity of the DES-SN sample, and improvements in the calibration and data analysis., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS

Published
2020

394. OzDES multi-object fibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: Results and second data release

Author

Enrique Gaztanaga, C. Lidman, J. Carretero, Tim Eifler, B. E. Tucker, E. Swann, Tamara M. Davis, Lluís Galbany, Sara Webb, J. Gschwend, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Samuel Hinton, Eli S. Rykoff, J. K. Hoormann, Krzysztof Bolejko, W. G. Hartley, G. Gutierrez, M. E. C. Swanson, Mark Sullivan, Edward Macaulay, Anais Möller, Paul Martini, Michael Schubnell, A. Carnero Rosell, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Ryan J. Foley, R. D. Wilkinson, Peter Doel, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Daniel Scolnic, Andrew J. King, N. Kuropatkin, N. E. Sommer, Bonnie Zhang, Felipe Menanteau, M. Pursiainen, G. Tarle, Zhefu Yu, A. Kremin, Fang Yuan, V. Scarpine, Anthony Carr, M. Carrasco Kind, Sunayana Bhargava, David Parkinson, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, S. A. Uddin, A. R. Walker, Robert C. Nichol, A. Roodman, M. Childress, Daniela Carollo, M. Costanzi, K. Honscheid, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, D. Lagattuta, Antonella Palmese, Jennifer L. Marshall, J. De Vicente, Joshua A. Frieman, M. A. G. Maia, D. Mudd, W. C. Wester, Fiona H. Panther, U. Malik, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, Geraint F. Lewis, Peter Melchior, Richard Scalzo, J. Annis, Rob Sharp, M. Sako, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, P. Wiseman, S. Everett, David J. Brooks, Marcos Lima, E. Suchyta, A. A. Plazas, F. J. Castander, Jacobo Asorey, T. M. C. Abbott, D. J. Brout, Michel Aguena, Huan Lin, J. Calcino, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, E. J. Sanchez, Karl Glazebrook, Ramon Miquel, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, Tenglin Li, Santiago Avila, A. G. Kim, Lidman, C., Tucker, B. E., Davis, T. M., Uddin, S. A., Asorey, J., Bolejko, K., Brout, D., Calcino, J., Carollo, D., Carr, A., Childress, M., Hoormann, J. K., Foley, R. J., Galbany, L., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Kessler, R., Kim, A. G., King, A., Kremin, A., Kuehn, K., Lagattuta, D., Lewis, G. F., Macaulay, E., Malik, U., March, M., Martini, P., Moller, A., Mudd, D., Nichol, R. C., Panther, F., Parkinson, D., Pursiainen, M., Sako, M., Swann, E., Scalzo, R., Scolnic, D., Sharp, R., Smith, M., Sommer, N. E., Sullivan, M., Webb, S., Wiseman, P., Yu, Z., Yuan, F., Zhang, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuropatkin, N., T. S., Li, Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, European Commission, Australian Research Council, and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
transients: supernovae, Astrophysics, dark energy [cosmology], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, cosmology: dark energy, supermassive black hole [quasars], law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, catalogues, Physics, quasars: supermassive black holes, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, GALÁXIAS, Supernova, spectroscopic [techniques], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, surveys, techniques: spectroscopic, catalogue, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Telescope, supermassive black holessurveys [Quasars], 0103 physical sciences, survey, Spectrograph, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, STFC, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, supermassive black holes [quasars], RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Photometry (astronomy), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, Quasars: supermassive black holessurveys, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], supernovae [transients]
Abstract

We present a description of the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES) and summarize the results from its 6 years of operations. Using the 2dF fibre positioner and AAOmega spectrograph on the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope, OzDES has monitored 771 active galactic nuclei, classified hundreds of supernovae, and obtained redshifts for thousands of galaxies that hosted a transient within the 10 deep fields of the Dark Energy Survey. We also present the second OzDES data release, containing the redshifts of almost 30 000 sources, some as faint as r = 24 mag, and 375 000 individual spectra. These data, in combination with the time-series photometry from the Dark Energy Survey, will be used to measure the expansion history of the Universe out to z ∼1.2 and the masses of hundreds of black holes out to z ∼4. OzDES is a template for future surveys that combine simultaneous monitoring of targets with wide-field imaging cameras and wide-field multi-object spectrographs., Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Fi-nanciadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundac¸ão Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the DES. LG was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 839090. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). Parts of this research were supported by the Australian Research Council under grants DP160100930, FL180100168, and FT140101270.

Published
2020

395. First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity

Author

Geraint F. Lewis, C. Frohmaier, David J. Brooks, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, Sunayana Bhargava, Jennifer L. Marshall, Brad E. Tucker, Eli S. Rykoff, Michel Aguena, A. R. Walker, Josh Frieman, Mark Sullivan, B. Flaugher, Elisabeth Krause, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Pursiainen, G. Tarle, R. R. Gupta, Tim Eifler, D. L. Burke, David J. James, Lluís Galbany, M. E. C. Swanson, Michael Schubnell, Pablo Fosalba, E. Macaulay, R. C. Thomas, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, M. Carrasco Kind, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, J. De Vicente, Robert C. Nichol, Ramon Miquel, E. Suchyta, C. B. D'Andrea, K. Honscheid, Karl Glazebrook, Douglas L. Tucker, Antonella Palmese, N. Kuropatkin, Kyler Kuehn, M. A. G. Maia, Marcus Lima, P. Wiseman, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, Tamara M. Davis, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Daniela Carollo, Peter Melchior, Peter Nugent, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Felipe Menanteau, Daniel Scolnic, M. Costanzi, A. Roodman, M. Vincenzi, Enrique Gaztanaga, Ryan J. Foley, V. Scarpine, S. Everett, M. Sako, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, A. A. Plazas, L. Kelsey, D. J. Brout, W. G. Hartley, N. E. Sommer, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Niall MacCrann, J. Gschwend, C. Lidman, E. Swann, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Santiago Avila, S. Desai, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Smith, M., Sullivan, M., Wiseman, P., Kessler, R., Scolnic, D., Brout, D., D'Andrea, C. B., Davis, T. M., Foley, R. J., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., Gupta, R. R., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hinton, S. R., Kelsey, L., Lidman, C., Macaulay, E., Möller, A., Nichol, R. C., Nugent, P., Palmese, A., Pursiainen, M., Sako, M., Swann, E., Thomas, R. C., Tucker, B. E., Vincenzi, M., Carollo, D., Lewis, G. F., Sommer, N. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Glazebrook, K., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Des, Collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
transients: supernovae, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, distance scale, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Luminosity, surveys, supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Equation of state (cosmology), RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, supernovae [transients], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [supernovae], observation [cosmology], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present improved photometric measurements for the host galaxies of 206 spectroscopically confirmed type Ia supernovae discovered by the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and used in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. Fitting spectral energy distributions to the $griz$ photometric measurements of the DES-SN host galaxies, we derive stellar masses and star-formation rates. For the DES-SN sample, when considering a 5D ($z$, $x_1$, $c$, $\alpha$, $\beta$) bias correction, we find evidence of a Hubble residual `mass step', where SNe Ia in high mass galaxies ($>10^{10} \textrm{M}_{\odot}$) are intrinsically more luminous (after correction) than their low mass counterparts by $\gamma=0.040\pm0.019$mag. This value is larger by $0.031$mag than the value found in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. This difference is due to a combination of updated photometric measurements and improved star formation histories and is not from host-galaxy misidentification. When using a 1D (redshift-only) bias correction the inferred mass step is larger, with $\gamma=0.066\pm0.020$mag. The 1D-5D $\gamma$ difference for DES-SN is $0.026\pm0.009$mag. We show that this difference is due to a strong correlation between host galaxy stellar mass and the $x_1$ component of the 5D distance-bias correction. To better understand this effect, we include an intrinsic correlation between light-curve width and stellar mass in simulated SN Ia samples. We show that a 5D fit recovers $\gamma$ with $-9$mmag bias compared to a $+2$mmag bias for a 1D fit. This difference can explain part of the discrepancy seen in the data. Improvements in modeling correlations between galaxy properties and SN is necessary to determine the implications for $\gamma$ and ensure unbiased precision estimates of the dark energy equation-of-state as we enter the era of LSST., Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures; Submitted to MNRAS

Published
2020
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396. DES16C3cje: A low-luminosity, long-lived supernova

Author

T. W. Chen, D. L. Burke, M. Della Valle, M. Pursiainen, Lluís Galbany, Mark Sullivan, Mariusz Gromadzki, A. A. Plazas, Nidia Morrell, Cristina Barbarino, Geraint F. Lewis, P. Wiseman, Juna A. Kollmeier, C. R. Angus, A. R. Walker, M. A. G. Maia, H. T. Diehl, Daniela Carollo, C. Frohmaier, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Josh Frieman, Peter Nugent, Daniel Gruen, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, R. D. Wilkinson, R. Kokotanekova, Kyler Kuehn, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Marcos Lima, A. Pastorello, Jesper Sollerman, David J. James, Felipe Menanteau, Gregory Tarle, Pablo Fosalba, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, David Brooks, Michael Schubnell, Kate Maguire, E. Suchyta, Samuel Hinton, J. Gschwend, N. Kuropatkin, G. Gutierrez, Matt Nicholl, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, D. W. Gerdes, T. F. Eifler, J. De Vicente, K. Honscheid, Michel Aguena, Ryan J. Foley, M. R. Magee, J. Carretero, Marcelle Soares-Santos, L. Martinez, Tamara M. Davis, N. E. Sommer, M. Sako, Cosimo Inserra, Mathew Smith, Anais Möller, D. L. Hollowood, M. Carrasco Kind, M. March, S. Serrano, S. Allam, A. Carnero Rosell, Robert A. Gruendl, B. E. Tucker, M. E. C. Swanson, E. Swann, F. Paz-Chinchón, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Yen-Chen Pan, Erkki Kankare, Eric Morganson, Antonella Palmese, E. J. Sanchez, Santiago González-Gaitán, Morgan Fraser, Santiago Avila, S. Desai, Joseph P. Anderson, M. Costanzi, B. Flaugher, V. Scarpine, Melina C. Bersten, Ofer Lahav, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gutierrez, C. P., Sullivan, M., Martinez, L., Bersten, M. C., Inserra, C., Smith, M., Anderson, J. P., Pan, Y. -C., Pastorello, A., Galbany, L., Nugent, P., Angus, C. R., Barbarino, C., Carollo, D., Chen, T. -W., Davis, T. M., Della Valle, M., Foley, R. J., Fraser, M., Frohmaier, C., Gonzalez-Gaitan, S., Gromadzki, M., Kankare, E., Kokotanekova, R., Kollmeier, J., Lewis, G. F., Magee, M. R., Maguire, K., Moller, A., Morrell, N., Nicholl, M., Pursiainen, M., Sollerman, J., Sommer, N. E., Swann, E., Tucker, B. E., Wiseman, P., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morganson, E., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wilkinson, R., Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Absolute magnitude, long-lived, general [Supernovae], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), star, model: hydrodynamics, accretion, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Red supergiant, dark energy, FALLBACK, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, PAIR-INSTABILITY, Accretion (meteorology), hep-ph, supernovae: general, supernovae: individual: (DES16C3cje), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Supernova, radioactivity, SUPERNOVAS, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomical and Space Sciences, LATE TIMES, TIDAL DISRUPTION, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, individual: [supernovae], individual: (DES16C3cje) [supernovae], brightness, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, STAR-FORMATION, Affordable and Clean Energy, bolometer, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, PHOTOMETRY, luminosity, numerical calculations, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, LIGHT CURVES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, velocity: expansion, RCUK, TRANSIENTS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Type II supernova, redshift, EVOLUTION, Redshift, Automatic Keywords, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], galaxy, SN 2005CS, individual (DES16C3cje) [Supernovae], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We present DES16C3cje, a low-luminosity, long-lived type II supernova (SN II) at redshift 0.0618, detected by the Dark Energy Survey (DES). DES16C3cje is a unique SN. The spectra are characterized by extremely narrow photospheric lines corresponding to very low expansion velocities of . 1500 km s−1 , and the light curve shows an initial peak that fades after 50 days before slowly rebrightening over a further 100 days to reach an absolute brightness of M푟 ∼ −15.5 mag. The decline rate of the late-time light curve is then slower than that expected from the powering by radioactive decay of 56Co, but is comparable to that expected from accretion power. Comparing the bolometric light curve with hydrodynamical models, we find that DES16C3cje can be explained by either i) a low explosion energy (0.11 foe) and relatively large 56Ni production of 0.075 M from a ∼ 15 M red supergiant progenitor typical of other SNe II, or ii) a relatively compact ∼ 40 M star, explosion energy of 1 foe, and 0.08 M of 56Ni. Both scenarios require additional energy input to explain the late-time light curve, which is consistent with fallback accretion at a rate of ∼ 0.5 × 10−8 M s−1., EU/FP7-ERC grant 615929, European Union (EU) 839090, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Science Foundation Ireland, Polish NCN MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121, Royal Astronomical Society Research Fellowship, European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile 299.D-5040(A) 299.D-5040(B) 0100.D-0461(A) 194.C-0207(I), PESSTO, (the Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) ESO program 197.D1075 199.D-0143, Programme NOAO GS-2016B-Q-9, United States Department of Energy (DOE), National Science Foundation (NSF), Spanish Government, Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Higher Education Funding Council for England, National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Ohio State University, Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University, Ciencia Tecnologia e Inovacao (FINEP), Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, German Research Foundation (DFG), Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey, United States Department of Energy (DOE) University of Chicago, University of California at Santa Cruz, University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, University of Chicago, University College London, DES-Brazil Consortium, University of Edinburgh, ETH Zurich, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, University of Michigan System, National Science Foundation (NSF) NSF - Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences (MPS), University of Nottingham, University of Pennsylvania, University of Portsmouth, Stanford University United States Department of Energy (DOE), Stanford University, University of Sussex, Texas AM University, OzDES Membership Consortium, German Research Foundation (DFG) HA 1850/28-1, European Union (EU) PGC2018-095317-B-C21, National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1138766 AST-1536171, MINECO AYA2015-71825 ESP2015-66861 FPA2015-68048 SEV-2016-0588 SEV2016-0597 MDM-2015-0509, ERDF funds from the European Union, CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013), European Research Council (ERC) 240672 291329 306478, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) 465376/2014-2, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility DE-AC02-05CH11231, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-07CH11359

Published
2020

397. Studying Type II supernovae as cosmological standard candles using the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Michael Schubnell, Josh Frieman, K. Honscheid, David Brooks, David J. James, Jochen Weller, Santiago González-Gaitán, A. Roodman, Pablo Fosalba, B. E. Tucker, M. E. C. Swanson, Ryan J. Foley, T. M. C. Abbott, J. Carretero, Tamara M. Davis, Karl Glazebrook, Daniel Thomas, E. J. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, Sunayana Bhargava, A. A. Plazas, M. Costanzi, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Felipe Menanteau, Marcos Lima, Shantanu Desai, Mario Hamuy, Daniela Carollo, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Gregory Tarle, Edward Macaulay, Juan Estrada, Anais Möller, A. R. Walker, M. A. G. Maia, Mathew Smith, Tenglin Li, D. L. Burke, F. Forster, Daniel Scolnic, W. G. Hartley, B. Flaugher, Enrique Gaztanaga, Santiago Avila, Peter J. Brown, Samuel Hinton, Antonella Palmese, G. Gutierrez, T. de Jaeger, Michel Aguena, Daniel Gruen, J. De Vicente, Geraint F. Lewis, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, H. T. Diehl, Alexei V. Filippenko, N. E. Sommer, Alex Drlica-Wagner, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Annis, J. Gschwend, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, F. Paz-Chinchón, D. J. Brout, T. F. Eifler, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, S. Everett, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, B. Nichol, N. Kuropatkin, E. Suchyta, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, M. Sako, Cosimo Inserra, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Lluís Galbany, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, A. K. Romer, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), de Jaeger, T., Galbany, L., González-Gaitán, S., Kessler, R., Filippenko, A. V., Förster, F., Hamuy, M., Brown, P. J., Davis, T. M., Gutiérrez, C. P., Inserra, C., Lewis, G. F., Möller, A., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Brout, D., Carollo, D., Foley, R. J., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Macaulay, E., Nichol, B., Sako, M., Sommer, N. E., Tucker, B. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eifler, T. F., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., T. S., Li, Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R., and Des, Collaboration

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), ) distance scale [(Cosmology], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Computer Science::Computational Geometry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), distances and redshifts [Galaxies], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, distances and redshift [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 4. Education, Cosmic distance ladder, (stars:) supernovae: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Term (time), (cosmology:) distance scale, Supernova, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ) supernovae: general [(Stars], AGLOMERADOS DE GALÁXIAS, Dark energy, symbols, galaxies: distances and redshifts, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Hubble's law, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Despite vast improvements in the measurement of the cosmological parameters, the nature of dark energy and an accurate value of the Hubble constant (H0) in the Hubble–Lemaˆıtre law remain unknown. To break the current impasse, it is necessary to develop as many independent techniques as possible, such as the use of Type II supernovae (SNe II). The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of SNe II for deriving accurate extragalactic distances, which will be an asset for the next generation of telescopes where more-distant SNe II will be discovered. More specifically, we present a sample from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) consisting of 15 SNe II with photometric and spectroscopic information spanning a redshift range up to 0.35. Combining our DES SNe with publicly available samples, and using the standard candle method (SCM), we construct the largest available Hubble diagram with SNe II in the Hubble flow (70 SNe II) and find an observed dispersion of 0.27 mag. We demonstrate that adding a colour term to the SN II standardization does not reduce the scatter in the Hubble diagram. Although SNe II are viable as distance indicators, this work points out important issues for improving their utility as independent extragalactic beacons: find new correlations, define a more standard subclass of SNe II, construct new SN II templates, and dedicate more observing time to high-redshift SNe II. Finally, for the first time, we perform simulations to estimate the redshift-dependent distance-modulus bias due to selection effects., National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1211916, TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, Christopher R. Redlich Fund, Sylvia and Jim Katzman Foundation, Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science (UC Berkeley) - European Union 839090, Spanish grant PGC2018-095317-B-C21, European Union (EU), EU/FP7-ERC grant 615929, National Science Foundation (NSF), Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) collaboration includes the astronomical communities of Japan, Princeton University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), University of Tokyo, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), FIRST programme from the Japanese Cabinet Office, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science & Technology Agency (JST), Toray Industries, Inc., Institute for Astronomy (the University of Hawaii), Max Planck Society Foundation CELLEX, National Central University of Taiwan, Space Telescope Science Institute, National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) NNX08AR22G, National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1238877, University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), W.M. Keck Foundation, National Research Council of Canada, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC), National Research Council, Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT), Australian Research Council, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) GN-2005A-Q11 GN-2005B-Q-7 GN-2006A-Q-7 GS-2005A-Q-11 GS-2005BQ-6 GS-2008B-Q-56, United States Department of Energy (DOE), Spanish Government, Higher Education Funding Council for England, National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Ohio State University, Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University, Ciencia Tecnologia e Inovacao (FINEP), Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient'tronomy at Texas AM University, German Research Foundation (DFG), University of Portsmouth, OzDES Membership Consortium, National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1138766 AST-1536171 AYA2015-71825 ESP2015-66861 FPA2015-68048 SEV2016-0588 SEV-2016-0597, European Union - CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council (ERC), European Research Council (ERC) 240672 291329 306478, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) 465376/2014-2, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-05CH11231

Published
2020

398. Dysregulated Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with CIDP

Author

Lünemann, J.D., Tackenberg, B., Stein, A., Wandinger, K.P., Oertel, W.H., Wagner, H.J., Münz, C., Meisel, H., Sommer, N., and Zipp, F.

Subjects
*EPSTEIN-Barr virus diseases, *AUTOIMMUNITY, *PERIPHERAL neuropathy, *NEUROLOGICAL disorders, *HERPESVIRUSES, *CELL transformation, *IMMUNOGLOBULIN M, *DEMYELINATION, *PATIENTS
Abstract

Abstract: Ubiquitous viruses have frequently been proposed as a cause or trigger of chronic immune-mediated diseases. Infections are reported to be temporally associated with clinical exacerbations in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). We examined immunological parameters of herpesvirus infections in untreated patients with CIDP compared to demographically matched controls. Patients with CIDP were uniformly seropositive for EBV-specific IgG and the disease was associated with a moderately enhanced IgG reactivity to EBV-encoded antigens expressed during both B cell transformation and productive viral replication. Moreover, cellular EBV copy numbers were 3-fold increased in patients with CIDP. In contrast, humoral immune responses to other herpesviruses (HCMV, HSV) as well as virus-specific IgM responses were unchanged in CIDP. These data indicate that host–pathogen interactions during chronic EBV infection are dysregulated in treatment-naïve patients with CIDP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2010
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399. Expanded TCR Vβ subsets of CD8+ T-cells in late-onset myasthenia gravis: Novel parallels with thymoma patients

Author

Tackenberg, B., Schlegel, K., Happel, M., Eienbröker, C., Gellert, K., Oertel, W.H., Meager, A., Willcox, N., and Sommer, N.

Subjects
*T cell receptors, *MYASTHENIA gravis, *CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases, *CHOLINERGIC receptors, *HLA histocompatibility antigens, *INTERFERONS, *MONOCLONAL antibody probes, *PATIENTS
Abstract

Abstract: Little is known about pathogenesis – and especially about involvement of CD8+ T-cells – in late-onset myasthenia gravis (LOMG). Remarkably, outstanding CD8+ TCRVβ-subset expansions were found in 64% and 72% of recent onset LOMG or thymoma-associated MG (vs. 16% with early-onset MG (p <0.0002); 21% in older controls (p <0.001)). In LOMG, ~25% of the expanded cells initially showed a naïve CD62L+hi/CD45RA+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE)-like phenotype. These expansions associated significantly with IgG antibodies against cytomegalovirus (p <0.036), IL-12 and/ or IFN-α2 (p <0.03). The CD8+ TCRVβ expansions were stable over 5years, but RTE markers declined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2009
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