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The response surface method was used to optimize the ultrasoiiic-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens leaves based on a single-factor test. The anti-fatigue activity of the total flavonoid extract from Perilla. frutescens leaves was studied in mice. The results showed that the primary and secondary factors affecting the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens leaves were: Ethanol concentration〉extraction temperature> liquid-solid ratio extraction time. The optimal extraction conditions were ethanol concentration 85%, liquid-solid ratio 15 mL/g, extraction temperature 70 近, and extraction time 35 min. Under those conditions, the average extraction rate of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens leaves was 4.67%, which was highly consistent with the predicted value of 4.61%, indicating the reliability of the method. It can be used for the extraction of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens leaves with the practical value. Compared with the control group, the swimming time of mice bearing weights increased significantly after receiving the total flavonoid extract from PeriTla frutescens leaves. The levels of blood lactic acid (BLA) and serum urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly reduced compared with the control group (Jk0.05). It can be concluded that the total flavonoid extract of Perilla frutescens leaves has a good alleviating effect on the body's anti-fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and viral microorganisms in sewage wastewater not only cause serious water pollution, but also pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. Effectively controlling the risks associated with sewage wastewater has become a crucial research direction for environmental protection and sustainable development. Environmental functional materials, as a category of auxiliary means with pollutant purification effects, have demonstrated tremendous technological potential in reducing water pollution risks. This study explores the current status and development in three scale aspects： selection of elemental substances, synthetic and modification strategies, and optimization of process engineering. The characteristics of new types of functional materials are introduced by taking carbon, silicon and metal elements as examples； the synthesis technologies are discussed in terms of solvothermal method, sol-gel method, co-precipitation method, chemical vapor deposition method, green synthesis method, and surface functionalization modification； regarding the application of process engineering, attention should be paid to the industrial generation/continuous operation of fixed bed-adsorption bed-fluidized bed, electric-lightmagnetic, physics-chemistry-biology, recycling-regeneration-disposal, synergistic amplification effect； and evaluation is carried out in terms of performance, economy, environmental impact, and sustainability, emphasizing the goal of safety-stability-long-lasting-full loading-optimization for the application of process engineering technologies. The future development of environmental functional materials should focus on areas such as 3D printing materials in sewage and wastewater treatment, intelligent processes and smart management, crowdsourcing and information diagnosis, as well as quantum probes and field effects to provide new technological fields in terms of water quality improvement-material function excavation-sustainable recycling development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herba Epimedii，one of the most vital traditional Chinese specific medicine， has been used for more than 2 000 years and its demand is increasing year by year. China，where the evolution of Epimedium has continued without interruption probably since the origin of the genus，is not only the richest in species，but also the only region where new species may yet be found. Considering differences in bioactive constituents among Epimedium species，accurate identification of species is the prerequisite for drug efficacy and medical safety. For the better utilization of germplasm resources, the taxa and its taxonomic systems of Epimedium were reviewed, and the issues of taxonomy as well as the insufficiently known taxa were discussed. A total of 68 species have been published and 58 (85.3%) from China, among which 57 are unique to China. The taxonomy on Chinese taxa is special, a total of 26 species were published in the 1990s and 31 species (53.4%) were described by foreign researches. Among them, Steam has described 19 species. Therefore, many Epimedium species of China have been published based on a single locality and/or the descriptions were based on limited specimens or collections. These taxa then become the main objects of subsequent taxonomic revision and complementary descriptions. Due to lack of extensive field investigation, observation and statistical analysis on morphological characters, 20 taxa have been revised. And the morphological descriptions of a considerable number of taxa were proved inaccurate and/or incomplete. Currently, 46 species, 1 subspecies and 2 varieties were recognized. The comparatively unstable species often occur in West China where the genus is best represented and its evolution is still on going. The Chinese Sect. (Diphyllon.) reaches the highest species diversity in Epimedium and representing numerous taxonomic controversies .The taxa from China always with complex morphological variation and few molecular genetic variation loci can be detected. Chinese species therefore become the biggest taxonomic challenge. However, the research and utilization of germplasm resources should be based on correct taxonomy. Specifically, we recommend that future studies should focus on the standardization of morphological descriptions, based on extensive population investigation. Then the integration of morphological variation, distribution patterns and gene sequence characteristics would help to detect the natural interspecific hybridization events and reveal the differentiation and evolution of species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of pterostilbene on oxidative stress and apoptosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) rats by regulating Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap-1)/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) signaling pathway. Methods: 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, pterostilbene low-dose group(30 mg/kg), pterostilbene high-dose group(60 mg/kg), pterostilbene(60 mg/kg)+N-(4-(2,3-dihydro-1-(2’-methylbenzoyl)-1H-indole-5-yl)-5-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-1,3-benzodioxazol-5-acetamide(ML385)(30 mg/kg) group, with 12 rats in each group. Rats in model group and drug intervention group were fed with high-fat diet to induce NAFLD model, and rats in control group were fed with normal diet, each group was continuously fed for 12 weeks. 14 days after treatment with pterostilbene and ML385 groups(control group was treated with the same dose of normal saline), the lipid metabolism indexes [triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC) and free fatty acid(FFA) levels], liver index, liver function indexes [alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)] levels,serum interleukin(IL)-17, IL-6, IL-10, oxidative stress indexes [malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT)] levels were detected in each group. The apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in each group were detected by in situ end labeling method(TUNEL) staining. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-related proteins in liver tissue of rats in each group were detected by western blotting. Results: Compared with control group, the levels of serum IL-10, SOD and CAT, the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2 in liver tissue of rats in model group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05), and the levels of TG, TC and FFA, liver index, ALT and AST levels, serum IL-17, IL-6, MDA levels, hepatocyte apoptosis rate, liver tissue Keap-1 and Bax expression levels were significantly increased(P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the levels of serum IL-10, SOD and CAT, the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2 in liver tissue of rats in pterostilbene low and high dose groups were increased(P＜0.05), and the levels of TG, TC and FFA, liver index, ALT and AST, serum IL-17, IL-6, MDA, hepatocyte apoptosis rate, the expression levels of Keap-1 and Bax in liver tissue were decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with pterostilbene low-dose group, the levels of serum IL-10, SOD and CAT, and the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2 in liver tissue were increased in pterostilbene high-dose group(P＜0.05), and the levels of TG, TC and FFA, liver index, ALT and AST, serum IL-17, IL-6, MDA, hepatocyte apoptosis rate, and the expression levels of Keap-1 and Bax in liver tissue were decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with pterostilbene high-dose group, the levels of serum IL-10,SOD and CAT, and the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2 in liver tissue of pterostilbene+ML385 group were decreased(P＜0.05),and the levels of TG, TC and FFA, liver index, ALT and AST, serum IL-17, IL-6, MDA, hepatocyte apoptosis rate, and liver tissue Bax expression level were increased(P＜0.05). Conclusion: Pterostilbene may improve lipid metabolism, regulate inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and reduce hepatic steatosis and apoptosis in NAFLD rats by activating Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To share the data analysis of bone trabecular score (TBS) combined with bone mineral density (BMD) in our hospital, and to explore the feasibility of TBS combined with BMD in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and the prediction of fracture risk. Methods Clinical data of patients who were examined with GE Lunar dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in our hospital from January 17, 2022 to August 22, 2022 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The proportion of men under 50 years old and premenopausal women with different bone mass and the data trends of BMD and TBS were observed. The result of age, BMI, BMD, T-value and TBS and other risk factors were compared between the fragility fracture group and the non-fracture group of men over 50 years old and postmenopausal women. Logistic regression was used to analyze the diagnostic performance of BMD and TBS. ROC curve was used to analyze the risk prediction of osteoporotic fractures. Results The normal bone mass of males under 50 years old accounted for 97.06%, among which the risk of fracture accounted for 8. 82% and the high risk of fracture accounted for 8. 82%. The normal bone mass of premenopausal females accounted for 96. 26%, among which the risk of fracture accounted for 8. 50% and the high risk of fracture accounted for 2. 38%. There were 66 fragility fractures and 641 non-fracture cases in men over 50 years old, among which age, BMI, BMD, T-value, and TBS were statistically different between the two groups (P<0.01). There were 283 fragility fractures and 1794 non-fractures in postmenopausal women. There were significant differences in age, BMD, T-value and TBS between the two groups (P<0.01), but no significant differences in BMI between the two groups (P=0.12). Both BMD and TBS were independent predictors of fragility fractures. Combination of BMD and TBS had the largest AUC (0.748) in predicting fracture risk. Conclusion Patients with normal bone mass also have a certain risk of fracture. Age, BMD, T-value, and TBS play a role. Both BMD and TBS are independent predictors of fragility fractures. TBS brings additional diagnostic information in fracture risk assessment, thereby improving diagnostic and predictive. performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the influence of different diagnostic criteria on the short-term prognosis of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Methods A total of 115 ACLF patients who were hospitalized in Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, from January 2018 to January 2022 were enrolled, and all patients received internal medical treatment combined with artificial liver therapy. According to the guidelines, the patients were divided into CMA guideline group(Diagnostic and treatment guidelines for liver failure by Chinese Medical Association) (n=100), APASL guideline group (Consensus statements of Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver) (n=94), and EASL guideline group(Criteria proposed by European Association for the Study of the Liver) (n=36). The above three guidelines were compared in terms of 90-day mortality rate. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comprision of continuous date between groups；the chi-square test was used for comprision of categorical date between groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of related variables. Results The 90-day mortality rate was 50.0% in the CMA guideline group, 51.1% in the APASL guideline group, and 77.8% in the EASL guideline group, and the EASL guideline group had a significantly higher 90-day mortality rate than the CMA guideline group(χ² =8.351, P=0.004) and the APASL guideline group (χ² =7.650, P=0.006). EASL guideline had a sensitivity of 22.2% and a specificity of 92.3% in predicting the risk of short-term mortality, with an area under the ROC curve was 0.576. Conclusion ACLF patients who meet EASL guideline tend to have a worse short-term prognosis, and this guideline may help to identify patients at a relatively high risk of short-term death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The jasmine flower is widely planted in Guangxi and Fujian in China, and a large amount of jasmine residue is produced after using jasmine flowers to make tea. The jasmine residue is not only rich in crude protein, crude fat and other conventional nutrients, but also contains a large number of polysaccharides, flavonoids and other active substances, with hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and other active effects. In livestock production, jasmine residue can improve the flavor of feed, increase the growth rate of livestock and poultry, and improve meat quality, so the reasonable application of jasmine residue is of great importance. The article reviews the active substances contained in jasmine pomace, its biological functions and its application in livestock and poultry production, to provide reference for further application of jasmine pomace in livestock and poultry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although hemorrhage after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is mostly mild and self- limited, sometimes blood transfusion and endoscopic hemostasis are still needed. However, rebleeding may occur after conventional endoscopic hemostasis and thus requires interventional vascular embolization or surgical intervention, which might significantly increase the risk of death associated with post-ERCP bleeding. This article discusses the risk factors for post-ERCP bleeding, including disease-specific factors, patient-related factors, and operation-related factors, and elaborates on different measures for the prevention and treatment of post-ERCP bleeding, so as to provide a reference for identifying the high-risk population for bleeding and developing precise surgical strategies in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of functional oligosaccharides and probiotics on growth performance, fecal score, immune function and stress index of early weaned calves were studied. Thirty calves were randomly divided into two groups. The control group were fed with the normal starter, and the starter of the test group was added with 2 g/head mannose-oligosaccharide, 3 g/head Fructooligosaccharide and 15 g/head probiotics. Test period was for 60 days. The results showed that the average daily weight gain, the apparent digestibility of the test group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The content of IgG in the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), while the content of IL-1 in the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). During the whole test period, the fecal score of the test group was lower than that of the control group. Compared with pre-weaning, the levels of IL-1, hypersensitive C-reactive protein CHs-CRP, haptoglobin and cortisol were significantly increased in the control group at 4 days after weaning. After 4 days of weaning, the serum Hs-CRP of the test group was significantly increased (P<0.05), but there were no significant changes in the levels of IL-1, haptoglobin and cortisol (P>0.05). The research shows that the supplementation of compound microecological agents and functional oligosaccharides in the starter of calves in the early weaning period can improve the growth performance of calves, reduce the fecal score, enhance the immunity of calves and alleviate the weaning stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the influence of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) on carotid stenosis. Methods This study was conducted among the patients who underwent abdominal ultrasound and cervical vascular ultrasound at the same time during hospitalization in Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, from January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2020, and baseline data and clinical diagnosis were collected. According to medical history, clinical tests, and imaging indicators, they were divided into MAFLD group with 469 patients and non-MAFLD group with 365 patients. Carotid artery were assessed as normal carotid artery, carotid stenosis ＜50%, and carotid stenosis ≥50% according to the degree of stenosis. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed quantitative data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of qualitative data between two groups. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors carotid stenosis. Results Compared with the non-MAFLD group, the MAFLD group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with carotid stenosis ≥50% (10.66% vs 5.21%, χ~2=8.050, P=0.005). The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in the proportion of male patients, smoking, MAFLD, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), administration of lipid-lowering drugs, systolic pressure, hypertension or medication, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). After adjustment for sex, smoking, HDL, BMI, history of hypertension or medication, type 2 diabetes, and AST, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MAFLD was a risk factor for carotid stenosis (≥50%) (odds ratio=1.979, 95% confidence interval: 1.055-3.713, P=0.033). Conclusion MAFLD is an independent risk factor for carotid stenosis (≥50%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of mind mapping combined with video-based scene-simulation on self-management ability and coping style of patients with autogenous arteriovenous fistula. Methods Totally 70 patients with autogenous arteriovenous fistula were divided into the control group (n=35)and observation group(n=35) by using random lottery method. The control group received conventional health education, and the mind mapping combined with video-based scene simulation was adopted in the health education for patients in the observation group. The knowledge level, self-management and coping capacity of patients were measured. Results The awareness rate of autogenous arteriovenous fistula-related knowledge in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). The total score of self-management scale and scores in each dimension (diagnosis, management and prevention) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 01). Patients in the observation group achieved higher score of facing factor and lower score of avoiding and yielding factors compared with those in the control group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion Heath education with mind mapping and video-based scene-simulation is effective to improve the self-management ability and coping style of patients with autogenous arteriovenous fistula. (目的 探讨思维导图联合情景模拟视频对自体动静脉内瘘患者自我管理及应对方式的影响。方法 选取2019年12月—2020年12月医院透析中心使用自体动静脉内瘘患者70例为研究对象, 采用抽签法将患者分为对照组及观察组, 各35例。对照组采用传统健康教育, 观察组采用思维导图联合情景模拟视频健康教育方法。评价两组患者动静脉内瘘相关知识掌握、自我管理水平及应对方式。结果 观察组患者自体动静脉内瘘相关知识知晓率高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组自我管理量表总分及症状的识别、症状的管理和症状的预防维度评分均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。观察组患者医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)面对维度评分高于对照组, 回避和屈服维度评分均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 将思维导图联合情景模拟视频应用于自体动静脉内瘘患者健康教育中, 能提高患者自我管理水平, 帮助其树立积极应对方式。)

Using MODIS NDVI data from 2001 to 2020, combined with precipitation and temperature data and using the methods of Sen trend analysis, Mann-Kendall significance test, Hurst index, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression residual analysis and other methods, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and future trend of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in Shaanxi Province in the past 20 years were studied. The effects of climate factors and human activities on NDVI variation and the time-lag effect of NDVI on precipitation and temperature were discussed. The results show that a)the overall NDVI in Shaanxi Province shows an uptrend from 2001 to 2020, with an increase rate of 0.004 7/a. NDVI shows obvious spatial heterogeneity in different ecological zones. b)The anti-continuity of NDVI variation in Shaanxi Province is stronger than that of continuity, and the trend of NDVI variation in the future is mainly anti-continuous improvement (degradation). c)Precipitation and temperature have a positive effect on NDVI variation in Shaanxi Province, and the correlation between NDVI and temperature is stronger than that of precipitation. d)There is no obvious time-lag effect response of NDVI to precipitation in Shaanxi Province, and the lag period for the response of NDVI to temperature is mainly 0 to 1 month. e)NDVI residuals in most areas of Shaanxi Province show an increasing trend, and human activities play a significant role in promoting the variation of vegetation coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to compare the content of 4-methoxy-5-hydroxycanthin-6-one and 4, 5- dinethoxycanthin-6-one and total alkaloids in different parts of Picrasma quassioides. The content of 4-methoxy-5- hydroxycanthin-6-one and 4,5-dinethoxycanthin-6-one in 14 different parts of Picrasma quassioides were determined by HPLC. The total alkaloid content of each part was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The results showed that the content of total alkaloids and two alkaloid monomers in stem heartwood and main root heartwood were higher, and the contents of total alkaloids in leaves were high but the content of two alkaloid monomers were lower, The content of 4- methoxy-5-hydroxycanthin-6-one in stem bark, stem sapwood, taproot bark and taproot sapwood was higher but the content of 4, 5-dinethoxycanthin-6-one were lower, The content of 4, 5-dinethoxycanthin-6-one in branch bark and branch wood was higher but the content of 4-methoxy-5-hydroxycanthin-6-one was lower. The study incicates that the content of 4-methoxy-5-hydroxycanthin-6-one and 4,5-dinethoxycanthin-6-one and total alkaloids in different parts of Picrasma quassioides were different, the results can provide a reference for the rational utilization of different parts of Picrasma quassioides in healthy breeding of poultry and livestock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to explore the effect of jasmine slag on apparent digestibility of nutrients, rumen fermentation and rumen bacterial flora of goats. Twenty-four healthy four-month-old Nubian rams with similar body weight and no disease were randomly divided into two groups, with 12 replicates in each group and one ram in each replicate. Rams in control group were fed with a basal diet, and those in experimental group were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 100 g/kg jasmine slag to make a full-price granular diet. The pre-test lasted for 7 d and the formal experiment lasted for 45 d. The results showed that compared with control group, the apparent digestibility of crude protein in experimental group was extremely decreased (P<0.01), and the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber was extremely increased (P<0.01). The results of microbial sequencing showed that Firmicutes and Bacteroides were the dominant phyla between control group and experimental group at phyla level. At genus level, the relative abundance of Succinobacteria, Prevotella_UCG_001 and Christiania_R_7 groups in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of unclassified Bacteroides in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that the addition of jasmine slag to the diet can increase the relative abundance of fiber degrading bacteria and improve the digestion of fiber in goats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporotic severe vertebral compression fractures (OSVCF) with neurological symptoms (NS) is a severe subtype of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Since various factors need to be considered, including patients' own condition, nerve injury, spinal deformity, bone quality and associated with others diseases, surgical strategies are much more complicated. For OSVCF with neuro logical symptoms, it is more necessary to grasp the overall, comprehensive analysis, and to formulate appropriate surgical strategies. With the continuous progress of research on the treatment of OSVCF with neurological symptoms, a comprehensive and personalized approach of therapeutic concept is gradually accepted by the people. This article reviews the progress on novel surgical strategy and research for OSVCF with neurological symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unmanned vehicles can be regarded as wheeled intelligent robots with certain self-learning ability. Its architecture can be divided into perception and decision-making. With the help of intelligent control technology, unmanned vehicle control technology is developing rapidly. The aim of the study is to optimize the vehicle control technology. And it focuses on making the actual implementation effort of the unmanned vehicle control subsystem reach the expected value of the decision system. Firstly, the development history of control technology of unmanned vehicles at home and abroad with the help of CiteSpace was analyzed. Then the advanced applications of intelligent control in unmanned vehicle, and extracts wire control technology optimization, control accuracy optimization and other key technologies were listed. The results show that the actual control effect of the current unmanned vehicle is not stable in the range of the expected value of decision-making. It can be seen that optimizing the drive-by-wire technology and improving the tracking control accuracy of unmanned vehicles will be one of the key research directions for realizing L5 level autonomous driving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: It has been confirmed that some biomedical magnesium alloy products have antibacterial properties, but the specific antibacterial mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antibacterial properties of biomedical Jiao Da Bio-Magnesium scaffold in vitro and explore possible mechanism. METHODS: Jiao Da Bio-Magnesium porous scaffold material extract was prepared. As the most common bacteria causing orthopedic implants infection, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were selected for testing. The bacteriostasis rate was quantitatively evaluated by contact culture of the extraction solution. The bacteriostasis performance of the material was qualitatively evaluated by observing the bacterial morphology through scanning electron microscope. The alkaline phosphatase, conductivity, potassium ion, nucleic acid and protein content in bacterial extracellular liquid environment were detected. The possible antibacterial mechanism of Jiao Da Bio-Magnesium porous scaffold material extract was preliminarily explored. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The bacteriostasis rate of Jiao Da Bio-Magnesium porous scaffold extract cultured with Escherichia coli for 12 hours ranged from 56.23% to 79.72%, while the Staphylococcus aureus group ranged from 62.34% to 76.07%. (2) Under scanning electron microscope, wizened form, smaller volume and scarcer distribution were observed. (3) The material extract had no effect on the content of alkaline phosphatase in the extracellular environment of the two bacteria, but increased the electrical conductivity and potassium ion content in the extracellular environment of the two bacteria. (4) The material extract had no effect on the content of nucleic acid and protein in the extracellular environment of Escherichia coli, and increased the content of nucleic acid and protein in the extracellular environment of Staphylococcus aureus. (5) The material extract could inhibit the nucleic acid content of the two bacteria, but had no effect on the soluble protein content of Escherichia coli cells, and inhibited the synthesis of soluble protein in Staphylococcus aureus cells. (6) Results suggested that Jiao Da Bio-Magnesium porous scaffold material has certain antibacterial properties in vitro, and the inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus is stronger than that on Escherichia coli. The possible antibacterial mechanism is speculated that it can change the permeability of bacterial cell membrane and affect the synthesis of bacterial nucleic acids and proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】Biological characteristics of Colletotrichum hymenocallidis were tested to provide theoretical basis for control of Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen anthracnose.【Method】Effects of temperatures gradient of 5-40 °C on the mycelium growth,sporulation and spore germination of C.hymenocallidis were studied on PDA medium.Effects of 50 %-100 % different humidity on the conidial germination ofC.hymenocallidis were studied by means of small container air humidity adjustment method.Effects of PDB culture solution with pH 2-12 on the mycelium growth of C.hymenocallidis was determined by liquid culture method.With Czapek media as the base,sucrose and sodium nitrate were replaced by nine kinds of carbon sources or nitrogen sources of the same mass,in order to studied the effects of different carbon sources and nitrogen sources on the mycelium growth,sporulation quantity of C.hymenocallidis.Effects of darkness,continuous illumination and 12 h light and dark alternation on the myceliuml growth,sporulation quantity were studied on PDA medium.【Result】The tested strain grew differently under different temperatures.Extremely high and low temperature were not beneficial to mycelium growth,sporulation and spore germination of C.hymenocallidis.All biological indicators could reach the highest level under 28 °C.The colony diameter,sporulation quantity and spore germination rate were 69.88 mm,3.33×10~6/mL and 94.00 %,respectively.The germination rate of the bacteria was the highest in the water droplets,the germination rate was 93.00 %.The strain could grow in the range of pH 3-12,and the optimum was 5.The different carbon and nitrogen source could be used,the better carbon sources was D-fructose,sucrose,D-xylose,mannitol,D-sorbitol and amylogen,but no significant difference on sporulation(P>0.05).The better nitrogen sources was yeast powder on the mycelium growth and the optimal nitrogen for spore germination was beef extract.The light can accelerate mycelium growth and promote sporulation.【Conclusion】The mycelial growth and sporulation of C.hymenocallidis were significantly affected by temperature,pH,carbon and nitrogen sources and light.The suitable high temperature and high humidity were conducive to the germination of conidia of C.hymenocallidis.The biological characteristics of C.hymenocallidis can be used for effective prevention and control in production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]