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A study was conducted to investigate the impact of neighborhood characteristics on the use of nutrition, health, and welfare programs. Hierarchical linear models are used in the study. Findings indicate that individual and perceived neighborhood disorder factors are related to social service use.

A study was conducted to present an argument for revisiting social work's relationship to public assistance in the wake of 10 years of welfare reform. Interventions that could impose service to the poor, both on and off cash relief, are suggested. The role of social work in promoting changes in welfare policy, program, and practice contexts is also tackled.

This article examines the utilization of public assistance or welfare in Sweden by immigrants, focusing on how welfare participation decreases with the increase in the amount of time spent in Sweden. A comparison of welfare utilization between refugees, non-refugee immigrants, and natives is presented.

A study was conducted to examine the relationships among participation in welfare programs, gender and change in social support in adults aged 65 and older. The findings reveal that during the 7-year study, older men in receipt of welfare benefits compared with older women on welfare received less social support from other and were more dissatisfied with the assistance they got.

If preferences are not time-separable, economic agents care not only about the magnitude of fluctuations in consumption but also about the persistence and other temporal characteristics of those fluctuations. This paper extends and develops the theory of spectral utility functions, which measure utility frequency by frequency, to illustrate the interaction between consumption volatility and time-non-separable preferences. To highlight the economic implications of the interaction, spectral welfare cost functions are developed to provide a quantitative measure of the importance to economic agents of the temporal delivery of consumption volatility.

In Belgium, welfare agencies receive a subsidy to employ welfare recipients for a period sufficiently long to entitle them to unemployment benefits. We investigate the effect of this programme on the exit rate from welfare. We propose a grouping/IV estimator of the programme effect that eliminates selection bias. The estimator is consistent, even if the selection into the programme depends on the average unobserved characteristics of welfare recipients in a region and in a welfare duration interval. Without correction for selectivity we find that the programme reduces welfare dependence, but after correction this conclusion is reversed.

The longtime liberal/conservative split on welfare policy, effectively bridged in the decade leading up to the 1996 welfare reform act, may resurface as research evaluating that reform begins to accumulate. [...]

A grant from the University of North Carolina at Pembroke Committee on Faculty Development and special funds from the Office of the Chancellor funded this research. The findings were presented [...]

Key Words gender, social policy, law, criminal justice * Abstract This chapter discusses developments in feminist state theory through a comparison of feminist interventions into jurisprudence, criminology, and welfare state [...]

Key Words neoliberalism, welfare states, development, capitalism, socialism * Abstract The paper considers how states and markets shape one another at the national and world-system levels and how globalization is [...]

An analysis of different meanings of the concept 'caring' is used to argue that the changes in the gender division of labor and the growth of the welfare state services which have taken place in Norwegian Society in recent years, has made informal care more of a complement rather than an alternative to public care services. Both theoretical considerations and empirical studies are used to argue that to some extent more symmetrical family relations may lead to a greater demand for public care services.

A model is developed that helps estimate the effects of welfare benefit levels, salaries, and tax rates on domicile choices made in female-headed households. It is assumed in the empirical model that women simultaneously select both residence location and whether or not to be in the welfare system, based on how much income they expect to gain and the possible number of work hours available. These hours and income expectations vary in turn on the wage, tax rate, and welfare benefits available. It is revealed that both wage rates and regional welfare levels have a significant influence on this population's location decisions. A typical female-headed household that has little outside income is as much as 12% more likely over a four-year span to leave an area in which welfare payments and wages are both low as it would be to make the same decision in a place where wages and welfare are higher.

This article presents an overview of three tendencies in advanced capitalist societies as far as social policy is concerned. These are characterised as 'welfare state', 'neo-liberal' and 'new paternalist'. The article characterises each phase and shows how each is a response or reaction to what went before. Related sets of theories and key concepts can be seen to perform both explanatory and ideological roles. The article ends by setting out an alternative way forward towards a society organised around principles of social justice, equality and democracy.

The intervention of the states in welfare reform will be effective only if enough research has been conducted into the relations between illegitimacy, poverty, and welfare programs. The research must have strict guidelines to prevent bias. Reforms must be aimed at changing the behavior of the poor.

Harvard economist C. Fritz Foley analyzes the patterns in crime in 12 large U.S. cities where more than 10 percent of the population receives food stamps. In doing so, Foley [...]

Research is presented concerning the effects of immigration on welfare in an economy where employers and unions participate in wage bargaining. The effects of immigration on a small and large scale are discussed.

Intergenerational transmission of welfare dependency is of increasing interest to social scientists. Sweden has an ethnically homogenous population and its institutional social policy structures differ from those in the US. Internationally unique longitudinal data was used to test the hypotheses on the inheritance of welfare benefit recipiency, and a clear intergenerational effect was observed.