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Background: Teledentistry is a synergistic combination of telecommunications technology; internet and dental practice which shows promising potential to be a highly effective mechanism for enhancing diagnosis and related treatment., Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitudes regarding teledentistry among dentists of Udaipur., Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the total of 105 dentists in Udaipur, India. A self administered structured questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge (8 items) and attitude (12 items) regarding teledentistry. The response format was based on 5-point Likert scale. Analysis of variance, t-test and multiple linear regression model was utilized for statistical analysis. Level of significance was fixed at p ≤ 0.05., Result: The mean scores for knowledge and attitudes were 25.61 ± 3.197 and 38.61 ± 4.742 respectively. Bivariate analysis revealed that work experience was significantly associated with both knowledge and attitude means scores (p ≤ 0.05). Significant predictors of knowledge scores were work experience (R=0.381, p=0.000), qualification (R=0.504, p=0.000), internet access (R=0.548, p=0.000); for attitude scores it was only internet access (R=0.261, p=0.007)., Conclusion: An unbalanced knowledge of teledentistry among current dentists has suggested the need for awareness programmes to fill the knowledge gaps and instill positive attitudes.

An unprecedented AlCl3-mediated method has been developed involving aromatic C-H bond addition to an alkyne and heteroarylation of an arene in a single pot leading to densely functionalized novel olefins, e.g. 2-(2,2-diarylvinyl)-3-arylquinoxalines, as potential inhibitors of sirtuins.

Novel pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-5(4H)-one based small molecules were designed as potential inhibitors of sirtuins (i.e., yeast sir2, a homolog of human SIRT1). Elegant synthesis of these compounds was performed via a multi-step sequence consisting of MCR, Sandmeyer type iodination, Sonogashira type coupling followed by iodocyclization and then Pd-mediated various C-C bond forming reactions. The overall strategy involved the construction of a pyran ring followed by the fused pyranone moiety and subsequent functionalization at C-8 position of the resultant core pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-5(4H)-one framework. The crystal structure analysis of a representative iodolactonized product (6d) is presented. Some of the synthesized compounds showed promising inhibitory activities when tested against yeast sir2 in vitro. The compound 6g showed dose dependent inhibition (IC50=78.05μM) of yeast sir2 and good interactions with this protein in silico., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe, potentially fatal necrotizing pyelonephritis with a variable clinical presentation, ranging from mild abdominal pain to septic shock. The majority of cases occur in diabetics with poor glycemic control, while a small percentage may be due to urinary tract obstruction. We present a case of a 57 year old male patient, diabetic on treatment, presenting with left flank pain and poor stream of urine since one week. Laboratory tests revealed that the patient had electrolyte imbalance, ketoacidosis and high blood sugar. Urine culture was positive for Escherichia coli with a signifi cant colony count. Radiological examination gave a diagnosis of Left Type 1 Emphysematous Pyelonephritis. Inspite of giving vigorous resuscitation and antibiotics with nephrostomy, the patient had to undergo nephrectomy due to extensive renal parenchymal destruction. The nephrectomy specimen was studied in detail to know the histopathological findings in a case of diabetic patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis. We present this case not only because of it being a rare complication of diabetes, but also to focus on the histopathological findings of the same, documentation of which is limited in literature.

Background & Objectives: Age adjusted incidence rate of lung cancer in India ranges from 7.4 to 13.1 per 100,000 among males and 3.9 to 5.8 per 100,000 among females. The factors affecting survival in lung cancer patients in India are not fully understood. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the factors affecting survival in patients diagnosed with lung cancer attending a tertiary care cancer institute in Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Methods: Consecutive patients with primary lung cancer attending Bangalore Institute of Oncology, a tertiary care centre at Bangalore, between 2006 and 2009 were included. Demographic, clinical, radiological data were collected retrospectively from the medical records., Results: A total of 170 consecutive subjects (128 males, 42 females) diagnosed to have lung cancer; 151 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 19 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were included. A higher proportion of never-smokers (54.1%) were observed, mostly presenting below the age of 60 yr. Most subjects were in stage IV and III at the time of diagnosis. More than 50 per cent of patients presented with late stage lung cancer even though the duration of symptoms is less than 2 months. The 30-month overall survival rates for smokers and never-smokers were 32 and 49 per cent, respectively. No significant differences were observed in 30 month survival based on age at presentation, gender and type of lung cancer. Cox proportional hazards model identified never-smokers and duration of symptoms less than 1 month as factors adversely affecting survival., Interpretation & Conclusions: Our results showed that lung cancer in Indians involved younger subjects and associated with poorer survival as compared to other ethnic population. Studies on large sample need to be done to evaluate risk factors in lung cancer patients.

Background: Induction of labor is being increasingly used to prevent adverse outcomes in the mother and the newborn.This study assessed the prevalence of induction of labor and determinants of its use in Africa., Methods: We performed secondary analysis of the WHO Global Survey of Maternal and Newborn Health of 2004 and 2005. The African database was analyzed to determine the use of induction of labor at the country level and indications for induction of labor. The un-met needs for specific obstetric indications and at country level were assessed. Determinants of use of induction of labor were explored with multivariate regression analysis., Results: A total of 83,437 deliveries were recorded in the 7 participating countries. Average rate of induction was 4.4% with a range of 1.4 - 6.8%. Pre-labor rupture of membranes was the commonest indication for induction of labor. Two groups of women were identified: 2,776 women with indications had induction of labor while 7,996 women although had indications but labor was not induced.Induction of labor was associated with reduction of stillbirths and perinatal deaths [OR - 0.34; 95% CI (0.27 - 0.43)].Unmet need for induction of labor ranged between 66.0% and 80.2% across countries. Determinants of having an induction of labor were place of residence, duration of schooling, type of health facility and level of antenatal care., Conclusion: Utilization of induction of labor in health facilities in Africa is very low. Improvements in social and health infrastructure are required to reverse the high unmet need for induction of labor.

In the title compound, C(15)H(16)IN(3)O(5), the central triazole ring is essentially planar (r.m.s deviation = 0.0034 Å) and makes a dihedral angle of 70.14 (5)° with the pendant benzene ring. The mean planes of the two meth-oxy-carbonyl groups make dihedral angles of 22.52 (7) and 40.93 (4)° with the triazole ring. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R(2) (2)(18) loops. The dimers are linked by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N inter-actions into sheets lying parallel to the ac plane.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare and life threatening complication of treatment with Neuroleptic medication. Phenothiazine and butyrophenones are most frequently implicated in this syndrome even though there are case reports with other drugs. In this paper we describe the classical presentation of this syndrome in eight cases who had been on either a butyrophenone, a phenothiazine or a combination of these drugs. In addition some of our patients were also on either Lithium and/or Amitrytiline for control of depressive symptoms. Fever, muscule rigidity and elevated CPK are the important criteria for diagnosis and they were noted in all our patients. In addition four of our patients fulfilled five of the six minor criteria laid down by Levenson. Both Sinemet and Bromocriptine were found to be effective in the treatment of seven of the eight cases. However treatment with Dantroline sodium was associated with severe muscle wasting in one of our cases and the drug had to be discontinued. Two of our patients developed suspected myoglobinuria with dark coloured urine and progressive renal failure. One patient died after development of renal failure, pulmonary edema and hyperkalemia as a consequence of this disorders.