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887 results on '"Tang, Julian W."'

253. A Febrile Blood Donor

Author

Tang, Julian W, primary, Ng, Yvonne, primary, Koay, Evelyn S C, primary, Leow, Gek Har, primary, Yap, Eng Soo, primary, Chan, Douglas, primary, Tan, Lip Kun, primary, and Tambyah, Paul A, primary

Published
2010
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256. We Are Legend

Author

Tang, Julian W.

Abstract

We Are Legend We are HIV. Our family is ancient. Out of Africa, Monkey to man, From the trees and forests, To the towns and cities. We are here. For [...]

Published
2008

259. Why don't we just open the windows?

Author

Dancer, Stephanie J., Bluyssen, Philomena M., Yuguo Li, and Tang, Julian W.

Subjects
COVID-19, AEROSOLS, PREVENTION of communicable diseases, SOCIAL distancing, PERSONAL protective equipment, VENTILATION
Published
2021
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272. Human coronavirus infections in Hong Kong children

Author

To, ManYin, primary, Leung, Ting Fan, additional, Chan, Paul K. S., additional, Ip, Margaret, additional, Cheuk, Edmund, additional, Lam, Wai Yip, additional, Li, Chung Yi, additional, Tang, Julian W. T., additional, and Ng, Pak Cheung, additional

Published
2007
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274. HLA-DQB1 polymorphisms and risk for cervical cancer: A case-control study in a southern Chinese population

Author

Chan, Paul K.S., primary, Cheung, Jo L.K., additional, Cheung, Tak-Hong, additional, Lin, C.K., additional, Siu, Shing-Shun N., additional, Yu, May M.Y., additional, Tang, Julian W., additional, Lo, Keith W.K., additional, Yim, So-Fan, additional, Wong, Y.F., additional, To, Ka-Fai, additional, Ng, H.K., additional, and Chung, Tony K.H., additional

Published
2007
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279. Estimating HIV Prevalence in Zimbabwe Using Population-Based Survey Data.

Author

Chinomona, Amos, Mwambi, Henry Godwell, and Tang, Julian W.

Abstract

Estimates of HIV prevalence computed using data obtained from sampling a subgroup of the national population may lack the representativeness of all the relevant domains of the population. These estimates are often computed on the assumption that HIV prevalence is uniform across all domains of the population. Use of appropriate statistical methods together with population-based survey data can enhance better estimation of national and subgroup level HIV prevalence and can provide improved explanations of the variation in HIV prevalence across different domains of the population. In this study we computed design-consistent estimates of HIV prevalence, and their respective 95% confidence intervals at both the national and subgroup levels. In addition, we provided a multivariable survey logistic regression model from a generalized linear modelling perspective for explaining the variation in HIV prevalence using demographic, socio-economic, socio-cultural and behavioural factors. Essentially, this study borrows from the proximate determinants conceptual framework which provides guiding principles upon which socio-economic and socio-cultural variables affect HIV prevalence through biological behavioural factors. We utilize the 2010–11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (2010–11 ZDHS) data (which are population based) to estimate HIV prevalence in different categories of the population and for constructing the logistic regression model. It was established that HIV prevalence varies greatly with age, gender, marital status, place of residence, literacy level, belief on whether condom use can reduce the risk of contracting HIV and level of recent sexual activity whereas there was no marked variation in HIV prevalence with social status (measured using a wealth index), method of contraceptive and an individual’s level of education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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280. Investigating the airborne transmission pathway - different approaches with the same objectives.

Author

Tang, Julian W

Subjects
*DIAGNOSTIC examinations, *PATHOGENIC microorganisms, *SCIENTIFIC visualization, *MOLECULAR diagnosis, *DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

The author looks at advances in diagnostic and experimental technologies for the investigation of the airborne transmission pathway. These include molecular detection methods, the availability of published studies that describe the airborne characteristics for a few pathogens, and the use of experimental visualization methods to examine the human thermal plume.

Published
2015
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292. Correction to Practical Indicators for Risk of Airborne Transmission in Shared Indoor Environments and Their Application to COVID-19 Outbreaks

Author

Peng, Zhe, Pineda Rojas, Andrea L., Kropff, Emilio, Bahnfleth, William, Buonanno, Giorgio, Dancer, Stefanie J., Kurnitski, Jarek, Li, Yuguo, Loomans, Marcel G.L.C., Marr, Linsey C., Morawska, Lidia, Nazaroff, William, Noakes, Catherine, Querol, Xavier, Sekhar, Chandra, Tellier, Raymond, Greenhalgh, Trisha, Bourouiba, Lydia, Boerstra, Atze, Tang, Julian W., Miller, Shelly L., and Jimenez, Jose L.

Published
2022
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293. Full-Genome Analysis of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus from a Human, North America, 2013.

Author

Pabbaraju, Kanti, Tellier, Raymond, Wong, Sallene, Yan Li, Bastien, Nathalie, Tang, Julian W., Drews, Steven J., Yunho Jang, Davis, C. Todd, Fonseca, Kevin, and Tipples, Graham A.

Subjects
GENOMICS, PATHOGENIC microorganisms, AVIAN influenza, HEMAGGLUTININ, POLYMERASE chain reaction, NEURAMINIDASE
Abstract

Full-genome analysis was conducted on the first isolate of a highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus from a human in North America. The virus has a hemagglutinin gene of clade 2.3.2.1c and is a reassortant with an H9N2 subtype lineage polymerase basic 2 gene. No mutations conferring resistance to adamantanes or neuraminidase inhibitors were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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294. Correlations between climate factors and incidence-a contributor to RSV seasonality.

Author

Tang, Julian W. and Loh, Tze Ping

Abstract

SUMMARY Respiratory syncytial virus is the most common respiratory virus infection in early childhood, causing a wide range of illness from mild colds to life-threatening croup, bronchiolitis and pneumonia that may require intensive care. Exactly which parameters contribute to the seasonality of RSV (and other respiratory viruses, such as influenza) and their comparative significance are the subject of ongoing intensive debate. This review article summarises the specific contributions and correlations between the incidence of RSV and various climate parameters. This systematic review of the literature specifically focuses on these climate associations and have been stratified by study site latitudes: tropical (0-23.5°N or S), subtropical (23.5-40°N or S) and temperate latitudes (>40°N or S). Correlations between RSV incidence and temperature and relative humidity are particularly variable and inconsistent amongst the tropical regions. In subtropical and temperate regions, RSV incidence is more consistently positively correlated with lower temperatures and higher relative humidity. Although there is some variation with the diagnostic methods used in these studies, most used immunofluorescent viral antigen testing to diagnose RSV infection. Statistically, most studies used some form of regression analysis, which assumes no dependence between data taken at different time points. A few used the autoregressive integrated moving average approach, which may be more realistic for an infectious agent as the total number of cases usually evolves in a time-dependent manner during a typical seasonal epidemic. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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297. Aerosol-Transmitted Infections—a New Consideration for Public Health and Infection Control Teams

Author

Tang, Julian W., Wilson, Peter, Shetty, Nandini, and Noakes, Catherine J.

Abstract

Since the emergence of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the 2003 reemergence of avian A/H5N1, the emergence of the 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1, the 2012 emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), the 2013 emergence of avian A/H7N9 and the 2014 Ebola virus outbreaks, the potential for the aerosol transmission of infectious agents is now routinely considered in the investigation of any outbreak. Although many organisms have traditionally been considered to be transmitted by only one route (e.g. direct/indirect contact and/or faecal-orally), it is now apparent that the aerosol transmission route is also possible and opportunistic, depending on any potentially aerosol-generating procedures, the severity of illness and the degree and duration of pathogen-shedding in the infected patient, as well as the environment in which these activities are conducted.This article reviews the evidence and characteristics of some of the accepted (tuberculosis, measles, chickenpox, whooping cough) and some of the more opportunistic (influenza, Clostridium difficile, norovirus) aerosol-transmitted infectious agents and outlines methods of detecting and quantifying transmission.

Published
2015
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298. An adenovirus 4 outbreak amongst staff in a pediatric ward manifesting as keratoconjunctivitis—a possible failure of contact and aerosol infection control.

Author

Hoyle, Elizabeth, Erez, Joanne C., Kirk-Granger, Helen R., Collins, Elizabeth, and Tang, Julian W.

Abstract

An adenovirus serotype 4 outbreak was identified on a pediatric ward involving 4 members of the health care staff. Two inpatients on the ward at the time (1 immunocompromised) were shedding this virus from their respiratory tracts and could have acted as independent index cases for the staff infections. Significantly, upon investigation, it was found that staff members were unaware that adenoviruses are not completely eliminated by alcohol gel handrubs and that soap and water handwashing is also required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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299. Cytokine responses in a severe case of glandular fever treated successfully with foscarnet combined with prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin.

Author

Ma, Christine, Wong, Chun K., Wong, Bonnie C.K., Chan, K.C. Allen, Lun, Samantha W.M., Lee, Nelson, Wu, Justin, Cockram, Clive S., Chan, Paul K.S., and Tang, Julian W.

Abstract

Viral loads and cytokine responses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were measured in an 18-year-old boy with severe glandular fever complicated by a mild anaemia, severe thrombocytopaenia and neutropaenia. Hepatosplenomegaly was detected by abdominal ultrasound in the presence of significant hepatitis. Cytokine testing demonstrated elevated cell-mediated Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-12, sTNFR1, CXCL10, CXCL9 and CCL3) and humoral Th2 (IL-4) immune responses. Serum antibodies to EBV virus capsid antigen (VCA) IgM and IgG antibodies were detected, together with a raised EBV DNA level (up to about 70,000 DNA copies/mL) in the acute phase of the illness. This EBV DNA load decreased rapidly in response to treatment with a combination of foscarnet, intravenous immunoglobulin and prednisolone, and the boy's symptoms settled eventually after approximately 50 days of illness, following this combined antiviral and immune-modulating therapy. Detailed immunological, virological, haematological and biochemical laboratory parameters are presented to document this patient's severe EBV disease and eventual recovery. J. Med. Virol. 81:99-105, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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300. An exploration of the political, social, economic and cultural factors affecting how different global regions initially reacted to the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Tang, Julian W., Caniza, Miguela A., Dinn, Mike, Dwyer, Dominic E., Heraud, Jean-Michel, Jennings, Lance C., Kok, Jen, Kwok, Kin On, Li, Yuguo, Loh, Tze Ping, Marr, Linsey C., Nara, Eva Megumi, Perera, Nelun, Saito, Reiko, Santillan-Salas, Carlos, Sullivan, Sheena, Warner, Matt, Watanabe, Aripuanã, and Zaidi, Sabeen Khurshid

Abstract

Responses to the early (February–July 2020) COVID-19 pandemic varied widely, globally. Reasons for this are multiple but likely relate to the healthcare and financial resources then available, and the degree of trust in, and economic support provided by, national governments. Cultural factors also affected how different populations reacted to the various pandemic restrictions, like masking, social distancing and self-isolation or self-quarantine. The degree of compliance with these measures depended on how much individuals valued their needs and liberties over those of their society. Thus, several themes may be relevant when comparing pandemic responses across different regions. East and Southeast Asian populations tended to be more collectivist and self-sacrificing, responding quickly to early signs of the pandemic and readily complied with most restrictions to control its spread. Australasian, Eastern European, Scandinavian, some Middle Eastern, African and South American countries also responded promptly by imposing restrictions of varying severity, due to concerns for their wider society, including for some, the fragility of their healthcare systems. Western European and North American countries, with well-resourced healthcare systems, initially reacted more slowly, partly in an effort to maintain their economies but also to delay imposing pandemic restrictions that limited the personal freedoms of their citizens.

Published
2022
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