Search

A sensitive and rapid method was developed for quantification of olprinone in human plasma utilizing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). An aliquot of 1 mL plasma sample was extracted with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane. Separation of olprinone and the milrinone (internal standard, IS) from the interferences was achieved on a C(18) column followed by MS/MS detection. The analytes were monitored in the positive ionization mode. Multiple reaction monitoring using the transition of m/z 251 → m/z 155 and m/z 212 → m/z 140 was performed to quantify olprinone and IS, respectively. The method had a total chromatographic run time of 3 min and linear calibration curves over the concentration range of 0.5-60 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.5 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 16.3% for low QC level, and 7.1% for other QC levels, respectively. The intra- and inter-day relative errors were ranged between -12.2% and 3.7% for three QC concentration levels. The validated method was successfully applied to the quantification of olprinone concentration in human plasma after intravenous (i.v.) administration of olprinone at a constant rate of infusion of 2 μg/(kg min) for 5 min in order to evaluate the pharmacokinetics., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The zinc-finger factor Snai1 plays an important role in the down-regulation of E-cadherin expression and in the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during cancer progression. In gastric cancer tissues, we noted that Snail is abnormally high expressed and is remarkably associated with the lymph node metastasis. Using a plasmid containing newly synthesized artificial microRNA (amiRNA), we transfected gastric cancer cells to block Snail expression. Both Snail protein and mRNA levels were significantly decreased in stably transfected cells, while protein and mRNA expression of E-cadherin was up-regulated. In addition, migration and invasion potential were significantly decreased after knockdown of Snail.

The title compound, C(36)H(58)O(8), was prepared from 20(S)-protopanaxatriol, which was degraded from Panax quinquefolium saponin with sodium in glycerine, extracted and seperated by flash chromatography. Three six-membered rings are in chair conformations, the five-membered ring is in an envelope form and the tetra-hydro-furan ring has a conformation inter-mediate between half-chair and envelope. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and C-H⋯O contacts also occur. The absolute structure was assigned on the basis of the synthesis.

In the title compound, {[Ce(C(8)H(7)O(3))(2)(NO(3))(H(2)O)(2)]·H(2)O}(n), the Ce(III) ion is coordinated by eight O atoms from four 2-(4-hy-droxy-phen-yl)acetate (HPAA) ligands, two O atoms from the chelating nitrate anion and two water mol-ecules in a distorted bis-capped quadrangular prismatic geometry. The HPAA ligands coordinate in a bridging tridentate mode. In the crystal, inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form a three-dimensional network which consolidates the packing.

We show that disorder, when sufficiently strong, can transform an ordinary metal with strong spin-orbit coupling into a strong topological "Anderson" insulator, a new topological phase of quantum matter in three dimensions characterized by disordered insulating bulk and topologically protected conducting surface states.

The title compound, C(30)H(52)O(5)·2H(2)O, was degraded from pseudoginsenoside F11 which was extracted and seperated from Panax quinquefolium saponin. The three six-membered rings are in chair conformations. The five-membered ring is in an envelope conformation and the tetra-hydro-furan ring has a conformation inter-mediate between half-chair and envelope. In the crystal, inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network. Intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds also occur.

The title compound, C(9)H(9)FN(2)O, was prepared by the reaction of 4-fluoro-benzophenone and acethydrazide. In the mol-ecule, all non-H atoms are essentially coplanar [r.m.s. deviation = 0.065 (2) Å]. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(10)H(11)ClN(2)O, the dihedral angle between the acetohydrazide group and the aromatic ring is 33.76 (9)°. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R(2) (2)(8) loops.

The crystal structure of title compound, [Eu(NO(3))(3)(C(15)H(15)NO(2))(2)], contains two Schiff base 6-meth-oxy-2-[(4-methyl-phen-yl)imino-meth-yl]phenolate (L) ligands and three independent nitrate ions that chelate to the europium(III) ion via the O atoms. The coordination number of the Eu(III) ion is ten. The L ligands chelate with a strong Eu-O(deprotonated phenolate) bond and a weak Eu-O(meth-oxy) contact, the latter can be inter-preted as the apices of the bicapped square-anti-prismatic Eu(III) polyhedron. Intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds occur.

Highly functionalized C6-aryl-substituted purine analogues were synthesized through direct arylation of 6-chloropurine with aromatics promoted by anhydrous AlCl(3) in a single step. The reactions, which were conducted using a 3-fold excess of AlCl(3) in refluxing 1,2-dichloroethane, gave moderate to excellent product yields in 0.5 h. This work is complementary to the classical coupling reactions for the synthesis of C6-aryl-substituted purine analogues.

Background: The quantity of regenerated bone induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2) is encouraging, but sometimes the quality is inferior. Recombinant human beta-nerve growth factor (rh beta-NGF) plays a major role in bone remodeling. This study evaluates the quality and quantity of regenerated bone in periodontal regeneration following topical application of the two growth factors to Class III furcation defects., Methods: Thirty-six inflamed Class III furcation defects were created in six beagle dogs at sites of mandibular premolars 2, 3, and 4, and then biodegradable hydrogel incorporating rhBMP2 and rh beta-NGF was topically applied to the defects. The groupings were as follows: G1, untreated (control group A); G2, carrier alone (control group B); G3, 0.4% rhBMP2 + carrier; G4, 2% rh beta-NGF + carrier; G5, 0.4% rhBMP2 + 2% rh beta-NGF + carrier; and G6, 0.2% rhBMP2 + 1% rh beta-NGF + carrier. Eight weeks after application, the quality and quantity of regenerated tissue were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy observation, calcium/phosphorus ratio analysis, and histologic evaluation., Results: The regenerated bone in G5 exhibited the highest calcium/phosphorus ratio among all groups and showed a denser structure with more calcified substances on the collagen fiber surface than that in the other groups. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that 0.4% rhBMP2 + 2% rh beta-NGF promoted the highest percentage of periodontal regeneration among all groups., Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that a topical application of rhBMP2 and rh beta-NGF may improve the quality and quantity of regenerated bone in artificially created Class III furcation defects of beagle dogs.

Laterally localized electronic states are identified on a single layer of graphene on ruthenium by low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). The individual states are separated by 3 nm and comprise regions of about 90 carbon atoms. This constitutes a highly regular quantum dot-array with molecular precision. It is evidenced by quantum well resonances (QWRs) with energies that relate to the corrugation of the graphene layer. The dI/dV conductance spectra are modeled by a layer height dependent potential-well with a delta-function potential that describes the barrier for electron penetration into graphene. The resulting QWRs are strongest and lowest in energy on the isolated 'hill' regions with a diameter of 2 nm, where the graphene is decoupled from the surface.

The title compound, C(17)H(15)N(3)O(3), was prepared from 1-(2-nitro-phen-yl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-en-1-one and hydrazine. The dihedral angle between the benzene and phenyl rings is 74.55 (2)°. The pyrazoline ring is in a slight envelope conformation with the C atom bonded to the phenyl ring forming the flap. In the crystal structure, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect mol-ecules into chains along [100].

A novel and efficient synthetic method has been developed for the preparation of chiral acyclic nucleosides with a chiral amino side chain by Mitsunobu reaction between nucleoside bases and protected L-serine. This method suggests a potentially more efficient and complementary process to acquire chiral acyclic nucleosides.

ATP serves not only as an energy source for all cell types but as an extracellular messenger for autocrine and paracrine signaling involving in a versatile role in modulating various cellular functions. This review summarizes the efflux pathways of ATP released from airway epithelial cells, the signal pathways through which ATP induces ion transport by the epithelia of airway, as well as its epithelium-dependent modulation of smooth muscle contraction of airway and the mechanism underlying in airway diseases.

The title compound, [Cu(C(2)Cl(3)O(2))(2)(C(3)H(4)N(2))(4)], was prepared by the reaction of imidazole and trichloro-acetatocopper(II). The Cu(II) atom adopts a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry, binding the N atoms of four imidazole ligands and the carboxyl-ate O atoms of two trichloro-acetate anions. The mol-ecular structure and packing are stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. Close inter-molecular Cl⋯Cl contacts [3.498 (3) Å] are also found in the structure.

The synthesis and fluorescence properties of novel purine analogues linked azacrown ether at C6 position were investigated. These new purine analogues could be prepared from a series of 6-chloropurines and showed selective and efficient signaling behaviors toward micromolar concentration of Ag(+) ion over other common metal ions in an aqueous environment., (Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To summarize the complications' prevention and nursing experience for patients after autologous transplantation of the microvascular submandibular gland for severe keratoconjunctivis sicca., Methods: Retrospective analysis of 141 patients(151 sides) after autologous microvascular submandibular gland transfer operation was undertaken to record the timing and incidence of major complications and to summarize the nursing experience., Results: The main complications after the transplantation were: vascular crisis, catheter obstruction, salivary fistula and temporary paralysis of hypoglossal nerve. Related nursing measures in response to these complications were discussed., Conclusion: Targeted nursing interventions for patients with autologous transplantation the submandibular gland have a positive effect on the prevention of the surgical complications.

In the title compound, C(25)H(20)Br(2)N(2) (2+)·2NO(3) (-), the cation lies on a twofold rotation axis which imposes disorder of the dibromo-fluorene unit. In addition, the unique nitrate anion is disordered over two general sites of equal occupancy. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

The title compound, C(16)H(13)NO(4), was prepared from 2-nitrylhypnone [systematic name: 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanone] and 4-methoxy-benzophenone by a Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The dihedral angle formed by the two benzene rings is 80.73 (2). The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Electrons hopping on the sites of a three-dimensional pyrochlore lattice are shown to form topologically nontrivial insulating phases when the spin-orbit (SO) coupling and lattice distortions are present. Of 16 possible topological classes 9 are realized for various parameters in this model. Specifically, at half-filling an undistorted pyrochlore lattice with a SO term yields a "pristine" strong topological insulator with a Z(2) index (1;000). At quarter filling various strong and weak topological phases are obtained provided that both SO coupling and uniaxial lattice distortion are present. Our analysis suggests that many of the nonmagnetic insulating pyrochlores could be topological insulators.

The title compound, C(16)H(13)FO(2), was prepared from 4-methoxy-hypnone and 2-fluoro-benzophenone by a Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 31.99 (2)°. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds along [010].

In the title compound, C(16)H(10)O(6), the complete mol-ecule is generated by a crystallographic centre of symmetry. In the crystal, O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into (100) sheets and C-H⋯O links also occur.

The title compound, C(14)H(11)ClO(2), was prepared from 4-chloro-hypnone and 5-methyl-furfural by an aldol condensation reaction. The dihedral angle formed between the two benzene rings is 7.71 (2)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by C-H⋯O inter-actions.

Adsorption of fluoride on FeCl3-activated manganese-iron nodules was investigated in this study. Influences of contact time, temperature and coexistence anions on F- adsorption were carried out in terms of batch tests. It was found that the fluoride adsorptions onto activated material achieved equilibrium gradually at about 48 h. The adsorption capacity increased with the increase in reaction temperature. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm can be described as Langmuir and Freundlich models. Thermodynamical study reveals that fluoride adsorptions on the activated material are spontaneous and endothermic. In addition, the presence of coexistence anions shows negative effect on removal of fluoride. Column studies demonstrate that the activated adsorbent could efficiently adsorb F-. Concentrations of Fe and Mn in effluents meet Chinese sanitary standard for drinking water. Effectiveness of adsorbent for fluoride removal increases after regeneration, and the average capacity is up to 1.340 mg/g with 2 cycles of desorption and regeneration. Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) manifest that high adsorption capacity arose from conglutination of Fe oxides/ hydroxides to the surface of nodules and subsequently adsorption of F- on the fresh Fe hydroxides. Therefore, the activated absorbent has high adsorption capacity and stable property for F- removal, which shows that it is a potential material for F- removal in practice.

The title compound, C(16)H(13)FO(2), was prepared from 4-methoxy-hypnone and 4-fluoro-benzophenone by Claisen-Schmidt condensation. All the bond lengths and bond angles are in normal ranges. The dihedral angle formed by the two benzene rings is 33.49 (2)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.

A novel approach to the synthesis of purines bearing functionalized carbon substituents or methyl in position 6 was developed. Under different reaction conditions, 6-halopurine derivatives could react with ethyl acetoacetate efficiently to yield 2-(purin-6-yl)acetoacetic acid ethyl esters, (purin-6-yl)acetates and 6-methylpurines respectively. No metal catalyst and ligand were required.

We have developed a new type of fluorogenic aldehyde bearing a 1,2,3-triazole moiety that is useful for monitoring the progress of aldol reactions through an increase in fluorescence. Whereas 6-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde was highly fluorescent, the fluorogenic aldehyde, 4-formylbenzene connected to the 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group through a 1,2,3-triazole moiety, was essentially nonfluorescent in aqueous solutions. We suggest that the 4-formylphenyl group acts as a quencher to suppress the fluorescence of the 6-methoxy-2-naphthyltriazole moiety. The product of the aldol reaction of this aldehyde does not have a quenching moiety and showed more than 800-fold higher fluorescence than the aldehyde. Assay systems using the fluorogenic aldehyde were validated by screening of aldol catalysts, ranking of the activities of the catalysts, and evaluation of reaction conditions.

A cyclic imine conjugated to a fluorescent dansyl group was synthesized and used for covalent labeling of proteins. The covalent attachment to proteins was confirmed by gel electrophoresis and mass analysis.

Cyclic imine derivatives that react with phenols, including tyrosine residues of peptides, have been developed. Reactions of the imines with phenols proceeded in water over a wide pH range (pH 2-10) at room temperature to 37 degrees C and afforded Mannich products without the need of additional catalysts.

The title compound, C(15)H(14)O(2), was prepared from 4-methyl-hypnone and 5-methyl-furfural by Clasion-Schmidt condensation. All of the bond lengths and bond angles are in normal ranges. The dihedral angle formed by the benzene ring and furan ring is 5.31 (2).

1-Acetyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)-2-pyrazoline has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Density functional (DFT) calculations have been carried out for the title compound by using the B3LYP method at the 6-311G** basis set level. The calculated results show that the predicted geometry can reproduce well the structural parameters. Predicted vibrational frequencies have been assigned and compared with experimental IR spectra and they are supported each other. On the basis of vibrational analyses, the thermodynamic properties of the title compound at different temperatures have been calculated, revealing the correlations between C(0)(p, m), S(0)(m), H(0)(m) and temperatures.

The title compound, C(20)H(14)Cl(4)O, was prepared from a mixture of 2,4-dichloro-benzophenone and cyclo-hexa-none. The dihedral angles formed by the cyclohexane ring and two benzene rings are 39.18 (2) and 60.72 (2)°. There are some weak intra-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen-bond contacts in the crystal structure.

The centrosymmetric title complex, [Ni(C(13)H(19)N(2)O(2))(2)], is a mononuclear nickel(II) complex. The Ni(II) atom is coordinated by four N atoms and two O atoms of two deprotonated Schiff base ligands, forming a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination configuration, in which the tertiary N atoms occupy the axial positions.

Objective: To find out a better therapy for paralytic strabismus., Methods: Ninety cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture-medicine group, an acupuncture group, a western medicine group, 30 cases in each group. The acupuncture-medicine group were treated with acupuncture at Shuigou (GV 26), Fengchi (GB 20), Yifeng (TE 17), Yiming (EX-HN 14), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Jingming (BL 1), Cuanzhu (BL 2), etc. intramuscular injection of Vit B1 and Vit B12, and oral administration of ATP; the acupuncture group were treated with simple acupuncture, and the western medicine group were treated with simple western medicine. Their therapeutic effects were compared., Results: The cured rate of 66.7% in the acupuncture-medicine group was significantly higher than 26.7% in the acupuncture group and 26.7% in the western medicine group (both P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with western medicine has obvious therapeutic effect, which is better than that of simple acupuncture or simple western medicine.

Fluorogenic imines and their precursor amines that can be used for fluorescent visualization of Mannich-type reactions of phenols in aqueous buffers have been developed. The precursor amines are aniline derivatives that are covalently conjugated to fluorophores. These amines and their imine derivatives were nonfluorescent or very weakly fluorescent. On the other hand, addition products of the imines to phenols showed more than 100-fold higher fluorescence than the imines and the precursor amines.

A novel one-step method for preparing C-5-substituted Omicron(6),5'-cyclopyrimidine nucleoside analogues is reported. This method employs molecular iodine to mediate the cyclization from the 5'-Omicron-hydroxyl group of the sugar ring and C-6 at the position of the nitrogen base in ammonia water under mild conditions without any other aprotic organic solvent.

Novel C6-phosphonated purine nucleosides were obtained in good to excellent isolated yields by the simple and catalyst-free SNAr-Arbuzov reaction of trialkyl phosphite with 6-choloropurine nucleosides, including a series of nonsugar carbon nucleosides. Shorter reaction times were needed, and substantially higher yields were obtained under microwave irradiation conditions compared with conventional heating conditions.

The Co(II) atom in the title salt, (C(10)H(18)N)(2)[CoCl(4)], exists in a tetra-hedral coordination geometry. The asymmetric unit has two cations that lie on different special positions of site symmetry m; the anion lies on another special position of site symmetry m.

The title compound, C(9)H(12)N(2)O(2), was prepared by the reaction of acetyl-furan and propionylhydrazine. The molecule, excluding H atoms, is approximately planar. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Objective: To explore the relationship between long (L) type PML-RAR alpha fusion gene and the prognosis of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)., Methods: PML-RAR alpha fusion gene was detected by RT-PCR in 33 APL patients. The optical density of three bands including E5 (+) E6 (+) 636 bp (no deletion), E5 (-) E6 (+) 492 bp (exon 5 deleted) and E5 (-) E6 (-) 232 bp (both exon 5 and exon 6 deleted) was measured by a UVP analysis system and their relative proportions were calculated. The relative expression level of each splicing band, initial WBC count and age were statistically (for single and multi-factor analysis) analyzed with prognosis., Results: The relative expressions of E5 (-) E6 (+) and E5 (-) E6 (-) in death group were obviously different from that in first complete remission (CR1) group (P < 0.01), but do not for E5 (+) E6 (+) (P > 0.05). The relative expression levels of E5 (-) E6 (+), E5 (-) E6 (-) and E5 (+) E6 (+) were 0.23 +/- 0.12, 0.58 +/- 0.18, 0.20 +/- 0.09 in death group, and 0.45 +/- 0.16, 0.23 +/- 0.12, 0.31 +/- 0.16 in CR1 group, respectively. Initial WBC count and age was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the expression of E5 (-) E6 (+) had no effect on the prognosis (B = 3.475, P = 0.492), but the expression of E5 (-) E6 (-) showed a negative correlation with prognosis (B = -19.660, P = 0.046)., Conclusions: The high expression of E5 (-) E6 (-) is correlated with the poor prognosis for patients with APL.

Objective: To observe the effects of 17beta-estradiol on the intracellular calcium of masticatory muscles myoblast., Methods: Myoblasts from maxillofacial skeletal muscle of one week old female Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured. Fluo-4-AM as the Ca2+ indicator and the laser confocal microscope system were used to observe the effects of estrogen on the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration in the normal pH condition and the acid condition (pH = 6.7)., Results: In the normal pH condition, when 17beta-estradiol (10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7) mol/L) were added to cells cytoplasmic Ca2+ immediately increased then decreased right away, and in the end came into a new Ca2+ homeostasis in the base line. In the acid condition, 17beta-estradiol (10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7) mol/L) made the cytoplasmic Ca2+ decreased immediately then came into a new Ca2+ homeostasis under the base line., Conclusion: The results suggest that estrogen may maintain the skeletal cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration in a lower level and reduce the cytoplasmic Ca2+ accumulation to keep the normal functions of masticatory muscles myoblast.

Objective: To localize the gene (s) responsible for autosomal dominant hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta in a Chinese family., Methods: A Chinese family which was diagnosed as autosomal dominant hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta (AD) was studied. Venous blood from nineteen family members was collected and genomic DNA was extracted from the blood. Eight short tandem repeats (STRs) spanning five hereditary AI candidate genes were selected and linkage analysis between the genetic markers and the disease loci was performed., Results: Genotype of the eight STRs were acquired, the linkage analysis result can not support that the gene for AI pedigrees was linked to ENAM, AMBN, TUF1, KLK4 or MMP-20., Conclusion: The results can not support all proposed candidate gene regions as causal for autosomal dominant hypocalcified AI in this family. These linkage findings provide further evidence for genetic heterogeneity among families with autosomal dominant AI and indicate that, at least, some forms of autosomal dominant AI are not caused by a gene in the five most commonly reported AI candidate genes.

Objective: To observe the antibody responses induced by recombinant plasmid plRES-fimA:IL15 via nasal immunization to BABL/c mice and the regulation of IL-15 to sIgA., Methods: BABL/c mice were immunized with recombinant plasmids pIRES-fimA:IL15 and pIRES-fimA via nasal or intramuscular route. Serum IgG and salivary sIgA levels after immunization were analyzed by ELISA., Results: Nasal immunization with plasmids pIRESfimA:IL15 or pIRES-fimA elicited significant higher level of salivary FimA-specific sIgA responses compared with intramuscular immunization. There was no significant difference of the serum IgG responses between nasal immunization mice and intramuscular immunization mice. Nasal immunization with plasmid pIRES -fimA:IL15 elicited significant higher level of salivary sIgA response than with pIRES-fimA (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Nasal dropping may be an effective mucosal immunization route of anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis DNA vaccine to elicit specific antibody responses in serum and oral region. IL-15 has a positive regulation effect to sIgA response.

This study was aimed to investigate the regulative effect of ERK and p38 signal transduction pathway on cell cycle of CML. The mRNA and protein expression of ERK, p38, cyclin D(2), cyclin E and p27 (ERK and p38 were Phosph-ERK and Phosph-P38) in CML cells and K562 cell lines were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively; cell cycle was determined by FCM, and their relationship was analyzed. The results showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of ERK, p38, cyclin D(2) and cyclin E in CML cells and K562 cells increased (P<0.01) and the expression of p27 decreased (P<0.01). There was positive correlation between the protein expressions of cyclin D(2) and the protein expression of ERK, p38 and cyclin E, but there was negative correlation between the protein expressions of cyclin D(2) and the protein expression of p27. The percentage of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase was decreased and the percentage of cells in S phase was increased, there was significant difference as compared with control (P<0.05). It is concluded that increase of the mRNA expression and protein activity of ERK and p38 activate the cell cycle-regulating proteins such as cyclin D(2), cyclin E, p27 which results in shortening of G(0)/G(1) phase, switching cell to S phase through G(1)/S check point quickly and accelerating cell cycle progression and cell proliferation, and eventually leads to occurrence of CML.

Objective: To explore an effective therapy for treatment of infantile febrile convulsion., Methods: Seventy infants of febrile convulsion were randomly divided into two groups, a combined acupuncture and drug group (n = 36) were treated with Xingnao Kaiqiao needling method with Shuigou (GV 26) selected as main combined with intramuscular injection of luminal and intravenous perfusion of diazepam; and a drug group (n = 34) treated with simple intramuscular injection of luminal and intravenous perfusion of diazepam. Their therapeutic effects, the time of inducing the stopping convulsion, and the recurrence rate were investigated., Results: The total effective rate was 86.1% in the combined acupuncture and drug group, better than 79.4% in the drug group (P<0.05), and the time of inducing the stopping convulsion in the combined acupuncture and drug group was shorter than that in the drug group (P<0.01), and the recurrence rate in the combined group was lower than that in the drug group (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with intramuscular injection of luminal and intravenous perfusion of diazepam is an effective and safe method for febrile convulsion.

Objective: To observe the effect of perivenous support with autologous pericardium on neointimal thickening in canine vein grafts., Methods: An autologous pericardium graft of 7 cm x 4 cm was harvested in right anterolateral thoracotomy. Two equal segments of the jugular vein were transplanted to both sides of the femoral arteries in 12 dogs, and on one side of the vein graft, perivenous support with autologous pericardium was applied. The vein grafts were harvested 2 and 4 weeks after operation and the thickness and area of the neointima calculated using computerized image analysis system. Scanning electron microscopy and PCNA immunohistochemistry were also performed., Results: The thickness and area of the neointima were significantly greater in the control grafts than in the grafts with perivenous support (P<0.05), and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in the supported graft was less active (P<0.05). Electron microscopy showed extensive destruction of the endothelium in the control graft, but only slight damage was found in the graft with perivenous support., Conclusion: Perivenous support of the vein graft with autologous pericardium can reduce intimal and medial hyperplasia in the graft.

Objective: To construct a eukaryotic co-expression plasmid pIRES-fimA:IL15, which can be used as an immunoreaction-enhancing DNA vaccine against Porphyromonas gingivalis FimA, and investigate its expression in mammalian cells., Methods: The eukaryotic co-expression plasmid pIRES-fimA:IL15 was constructed by molecular cloning methods and characterized by restricted endonuclease mapping, PCR and DNA sequencing. The plasmid was transfected into mammalian cell CHO using Lipofectamine 2000. Expression of fimA gene was detected by Western blot and the protein secretion in cultural medium was analyzed by ELISA., Results: Endonuclease mapping showed that the target genes fimA and IL-15 obtained by PCR had the same molecular size as predicted. The DNA sequencing data also indicated that inserted fimA gene and IL-15 gene had correct DNA sequence and orientation. The recombined plasmid could express FimA in mammalian cell CHO transfected. FimA and IL-15 could be secreted into cultural supernatant detected by ELISA., Conclusion: A new eukaryotic co-expression plasmid pIRES-fimA: IL15 was constructed and it could be applied for further immunization in animal as an effective anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis vaccine.