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The National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Pronaf) has included family farmers into the scope of public policies, by following the trends of policies from the 1990s to democratize access to financial resources. Sustainability has been put into the program. In this study, the overall purpose was analyze the objectives of Pronaf, in the context of economic development. We found out that Pronaf would not allow evaluating the relation among activities conducted and results obtained by the program. Thus, it would be inconsistent. Besides analyzing official documents, other specific objectives were to analyze the consistency of Pronaf and, in case of inconsistency, propose a logical framework matrix. No project was found, only the legislation. The analyse of the latter does not allow filling the matrix and this indicates an inconsistency. A full matrix was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the U.S Supreme Court's decision in Smith v. Kansas City Title & Trust Co. in which a stockholder in the company Charles E. Smith filed a bill in equity in the U. S District Court for the Western District of Missouri. It discusses the conditions that gave rise to the federal government's decision to establish federally chartered banks to foster rural credit and the politics surrounding the 1916 Act. Other topics include federal Land Banks and Joint Stock Banks.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent of risk rationing among potential rural borrowers in Mexico and China. Design/methodology/approach – Using primary survey data from 730 farm households in the Shaanxi province of China and from 372 farmers in northeastern Mexico, the authors investigate factors associated with risk rationed, price rationed and quantity rationed farmers. The survey was instrumented to self-identify borrower typologies. In addition the authors created within the survey a discrete-choice credit demand build to determine borrower credit demand elasticities. The analysis applies a linear probability which the authors found to be consistent with multinomial and binary logit models. Findings – The authors find in China the incidence of risk rationing in farmers to be 6.5, 14 percent for quantity rationed and 80 percent for price rationed. In Mexico, 35 percent of the sample is risk rationed, 10 percent quantity rationed and 55 percent price rationed. The results from China support the hypothesis that the financially poor are more likely to be quantity rationed; in Mexico, however, the level of education is found to be important in determining quantity rationed. In both countries, asset wealthy farmers are less likely to be risk rationed; however, income does not appear to have an impact. The paper provides evidence that the elasticity of demand for credit is different among the three credit rationed groups: risk rationed, price rationed and quantity rationed. Risk aversion and prudence are significantly correlated with risk rationing in China, while only risk aversion is significant in Mexico. The results suggest that efforts to enhance credit access must also deal with risk and risk perceptions. Practical implications – Risk rationing is an important concept in the understanding of rural credit markets. The findings that only 6.5 and 35 percent of Chinese and Mexican farmers are in stark contrast to each other. For agricultural economies such as Mexico with a significant number of farmers being risk rationing, more effort should be put into financial education and financial practices, including perhaps the use of risk-contingent credit to remove collateral risk. As property rights in China evolve, and new laws are promulgated to permit borrowing against land use rights, the collateralization issue will become much more important in rural credit markets. Originality/value – This paper is the first to investigate risk rationing in China and Mexico and one of the few research studies empirically investigating risk rationing. A comparative analysis of Mexico and China is enlightening because of the structural differences in the respective agricultural economies. The use of a credit demand build and the enumeration of individual credit demand elasticities is an original contribution to this literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By examining the acts of the Public Notary of Haifa (1890–1915), this article shows that it was the traditional informal market of credit, run by local notables, which financially supported the development of the small-landholding-based agricultural sector of the Haifa district in late Ottoman Palestine. In seeking to ascertain what led to the success of the informal rural credit market as compared with the formal credit market, the article finds that the local notables, who acted as financial intermediaries for small landholders, enjoyed an information advantage over the banks stemming from the establishment of interlinked credit market transactions connected to the stipulation of bay' wafā, salam and muzara‘ah contracts. In a context of land privatisation and growing commercialisation of agriculture, these contracts became the instruments used by notables to invest in peasants' landholdings and to manage a sales network for agricultural products on a local and international scale, hence representing an efficient financial institution to support the ‘agricultural export-led growth’ of late Ottoman Palestine. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper provides an analysis of microeconomic factors that explain the savings behavior of rural households in Kazakhstan based on unique survey data. Rural household savings are estimated in order to test household responses to income, monetary or non-monetary wealth, and some socioeconomic variables. Based on the analysis results, we conclude that although some rural households save in the form of financial assets, most households prefer to save in animal stock. It is explainable by the reluctance of commercial banks -- the only source of financial services for the rural population in Kazakhstan -- to deal with low-income rural clientele. The conclusions suggest that the government should revise its policies regarding Rural Credit Partnerships (RCPs), making them full-fledged cooperative institutions for savings and loans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses farmers' credit allocation behaviors and their effects on technical efficiency. Data were collected from 476 farmers using the multistage sampling procedure. The stochastic frontier truncated-normal with conditional mean model is used to assess allocation schemes effects on technical efficiency. Tobit model reveals the impact of farmers' sociodemographic characteristics on efficiency scores. Results reveal that farm revenue (about 2,262,566 Fcfa on average) is positively correlated with land acreage, quantity of labour, and costs of fertilizers and insecticides. Farmers' behaviors respond to six schemes which are categorized in two allocations contexts: out-farm and in-farm allocations. The model shows that only scheme (e) positively impacts technical efficiency. This scheme refers to the decision to invest credit to purchase better quality of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and so forth. The positive effect of the scheme (c) may be significant under conditions of farmers' education level improvement. Then, scheme (e) is a better investment for all farmers, but effect of credit allocation to buy agricultural materials is positive only for educated farmers. Efficiency scores are reduced by household size and gender of the household head. Therefore a household with more than 10 members and a woman as head is likely to not be technically efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Applied Economics / Economía Aplicada is the property of FEA-RP, Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Credit policy instruments are fundamental for rural development and dairy farming, especially in the Amazon. This study analyzes the evolution of rural credit used in dairy farming in the state of Pará between 1990 and 2010. The data was obtained from the Rural Credit Yearbook (Anuário Estatístico do Crédito Rural) issued by The Brazilian Central Bank (BACEN) and the Survey on Municipal Cattle Production (Pesquisa Pecuária Municipal) published by the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The price levels were deflated and analyzed through descriptive statistics followed by the correlation analysis among variables, in order to evaluate the financing behavior. The results showed the representativity of dairy farming in obtaining rural credit. Its participation, during the period under analysis, amounts to 14.73% of the total rural credit for the rural sector (R$ 12.2 billions). The correlation analysis showed that credit has been directed to compose the herds, and, consequently, increase in production (extensive growth), without priority for investments to modernize the activity. Therefore, a need to invest in the productive chain, in order to improve the technological level, and offer of good quality products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a discussion on the idea of "policy rationing". Policy rationing refers to constraining impacts on farm credit through policy action or inaction. To present the ideas the author discusses ten themes in policy rationing, ranging from macro-finance policies to smart lending and financial inclusion. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is developed as a narrative on agricultural credit policies based largely on existing literature. Findings – This paper argues that the various critiques of rural credit policy in favor of free market principles have generally not worked in developing economies. Large numbers of farmers do not have access to formal credit. It is argued that there is a role for government and credit programs. Research limitations/implications – The opinions expressed in this paper are based on existing literature and not all ideas hold with general agreement across researchers and practitioners. The discussion is not exhaustive and in some cases the ideas might have been parsed further. Practical implications – In this paper the author discusses ten themes that he thinks are relevant for a balanced discussion of farm credit in a development context. These themes illustrate a variety of complexities with respect to rural credit policy. The author ends by restating the themes in the form of ten questions that should be asked in whole, or in part, before any farm credit policy is field-implemented. Social implications – This paper deals with a broad range of issues on rural credit policy. It is directed towards a reformation of ideas about credit policy, especially in developing economies. It is argued that, all things considered, on balance there is a role for government in rural credit policy. Originality/value – There is much discourse amongst development economist about the role of government and credit policy in agricultural development. By thinking of government action or inaction as a form of policy rationing, some clarification is brought to the policy debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Review of Economics & Agribusiness / Revista de Economia e Agronegócio is the property of Brazilian Review of Economics & Agribusiness / Revista de Economia e Agronegocio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agriculture is the backbone of our economy and its prosperity can largely be responsible for the well being of the entire economy. Farm finance has a place of pride in the agro-socio-economic development of the country both at micro and macro levels. Its catalystic role strengthens the farming business and augments the productivity of scarce resources. Application of new technological inputs obtained through farm finance helps boost of agricultural productivity. It is brought to notice by many studies on agricultural credit that among all the agencies involved in agricultural credit, the individual moneylenders as non-institutional agencies till recently, have been most important both from the point of view of number of loans and the volume of business. The institutional sources comprise the Co-operatives, Scheduled Commercial Banks and Regional Rural Banks (RRBs). The study evaluates performance of RRB's in deploying agricultural credit and evolve a package of measures for effective and efficient performance of RRBs. The objectives of the study are to review the historical performance of institutional agencies in deploying agricultural credit, to examine the progress made by RRBs in Agricultural Credit, to assess the Agricultural Credit performance through sample respondents and lastly, to evolve a package of measures for making RRBs effective in agricultural credit deploying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five-category loan classification (FCLC) is an international financial regulation approach. Recently, the application and implementation of FCLC in the Chinese microfinance bank has mostly relied on subjective judgment, and it is difficult to control and lower loan risk. In view of this, this paper is dedicated to researching and solving this problem by constructing the FCLC model based on improved particle-swarm optimization (PSO) and the multiclass, least-square, support-vector machine (LS-SVM). First, LS-SVM is the extension of SVM, which is proposed to achieve multiclass classification. Then, improved PSO is employed to determine the parameters of multiclass LS-SVM for improving classification accuracy. Finally, some experiments are carried out based on rural credit cooperative data to demonstrate the performance of our proposed model. The results show that the proposed model makes a distinct improvement in the accuracy rate compared with one-vs.-one (1-v-1) LS-SVM, one-vs.-rest (1-v-r) LS-SVM, 1-v-1 SVM, and 1-v-r SVM. In addition, it is an effective tool in solving the problem of loan-risk rating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to determine the financing impact of total expenditure on the use of agriculture inputs (fertilizers, labor, and pesticides), and the output of cotton, rice, beans, corn, soybean, and wheat in Brazil. We study the period 1976-2005. The analysis is based on duality applied to the production theory. The output supplies and conditioned input demands are estimated from a translog multi-output, multi-input restricted profit function, where the total production credit is used as proxy of the total expenditure. Farmer expectations with respect to crop prices are incorporated to the estimation based on the quasi-rational expectation model. The output and input responses to the total expenditure are positive and statistically significant except for cotton, wheat, fertilizer, and pesticides. The short-run output supply response to own prices is inelastic, except for wheat, which presents elastic response to its price. Acreage has a positive impact on the output supply and it is influenced by land productivity. The main conclusion is that farmers face budget restrictions to purchase inputs, and a government credit program might increase the agricultural supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Organizações Rurais & Agroindustriais is the property of Organizacoes Rurais & Agroindustriais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Financing agricultural producers is one of the most acute problems within the entire scope of economic reforms in Kazakhstan. State financial support for agriculture in Kazakhstan is episodic in nature, small in size, and seldom reaches the target recipients, while the commercial banks are reluctant to give credit to agricultural producers. Although Rural Credit Partnerships (RCP) are very promising credit institutions for the agricultural sector, there are a number of challenges to their development. This study is organized in two parts: the first part analyzes the RCP membership status among corporate farms; the second part analyzes access to RCP credit by members of rural credit partnerships (both corporate and individual farms). The results of the first part of the analysis demonstrate that largescale corporate farms with bank credit history are more likely to be members of RCPs. The second part ofthe analysis shows that the purpose of a loan requested from the RCP significantly affects the probability of a member to have access to RCP credit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explains the impact of formal markets and modernization in Melanesia, particularly on Papua New Guinea. The historical development of land modernization in the region is presented including the livelihood opportunities for Melanesian families. The benefits of modernization of natives' lands include an increase in formal economies and access to rural credit. Sources of arguments for formal land markets consists of international aid agencies and some government officials.

The study was conducted to access the performance of rural credit markets in the North West Region of Cameroon. Specifically, it identifies the various participants in credit markets, estimate as and analysis the credit demand and supply functions. Data were primarily gathered through a multi-stage sampling technique involving 360 households and 60 credit institutions. Results reveal that interest, income, household size, farm size, education age and sex of respondents were determinants of credit demand while Interest paid, gross income and source of loan determined credit supply. It was recommended that interest should be kept low to encourage proper functioning of credit markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article briefly explores how rural financial approaches have been evolving over the past three decades as development paradigms shifted from large State intervention to adjustment and liberalisation policies. Particular attention is given to the question about how rural credit programmes can combine social objectives (high outreach) with financial performance. To provide this analysis with an empirical foundation, the case of the Social and Agricultural Programme (PSA) in Argentina is assessed. The study demonstrates that the ten years long experience of PSA resulted in a high outreach level but low recovery rates. Based on the financial analysis, recommendations are presented as the policy implications of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of Credit to the development of agriculture cannot be over-stressed. To extricate a farmer from the quagmire of poverty and boost food production, storage and supply, agricultural credit is vital. This is the propelling engine behind various government policies and programmes. However, the implementation of Agricultural credit programmes in Nigeria is hampered by many problems. These problems and other issues surrounding the role of Agricultural Credit formed the basis of discussion in this paper. The recommendations are explicit while the conclusion centred on the prospects for agricultural credit policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to finance by the poor is a prerequisite for poverty reduction and sustainable economic development. Importance of financial inclusion arises from the problem of financial exclusion of nearly 3 billion people from the formal financial services across the world. The study has critically analyzed the issues and challenges involved in financial inclusion for inclusive growth and has also successfully attempted to highlight the factors that can aid in achieving financial inclusion for inclusive growth in India, particularly in the context of the feared global slowdown and negative impact of high inflation on the Indian economy. The paper has also suggested some policy choices for successful implementation of the policy of financial inclusion for sustainable growth of Indian economy. The paper is a significant attempt to understand and emphasize the importance of the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rangarajan Committee (2008) defined financial inclusion as the process of ensuring access to financial services and timely and adequate credit needed by the vulnerable groups, such as the weaker sections and low-income groups, at an affordable cost. This paper makes an exhaustive examination of the status of financial inclusion in the seven northeastern states of India. This is followed by an analysis of the financial inclusion policy adopted by RBI. The paper provides indications and implications on future course of action that can be initiated by the apex bank of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

on the second half of the XIX century, the Portuguese governments believed that the development of the kingdom required the widening of the credit to agriculture and the fostering of communications and education. In 1866 and 1867, to achieve the first of those requirements, the government published two laws that allowed charity institutions like the Misericórdias to use their assets in order to create rural and industrial banks. In Viana do Castelo, the local Misericórdia took advantage of that law and created the Banco Agrícola e Industrial Vianense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Administração is the property of Instituto de Administracao da FEA-USP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rural credit markets in poor economies have presented many puzzling features. Traditionally, indigenous credit institutions relied primarily on the private moneylenders resulting in evolution of various indigenous credit systems. However, over past hundred and fifty years and more, rural lenders and corresponding credit institutions have been viewed suspiciously. Hence [benevolent] government intervention was considered particularly desirable for the benefit of the poor and disadvantaged. However, the few studies that did look at the question of cost of private rural credit did discover the disturbing and rather paradoxical phenomenon of rise in cost of private credit with increasing presence of institutional finance. This paper takes a close look at the rupture of indigenous institutions, often through benevolent government intervention, and its consequences for the economy and society in general and for the poor and disadvantaged in particular, through study of the particular case of rural credit. It draws upon the author's in-depth study of credit market in a village in India. The credit market is highly fragmented and "regressive" in nature. Some of traditional credit systems continue to exist with practically no change. There are implicit subjective costs as well as subjective benefits to the lending business; and mostly subjective costs arising out of act of borrowing (in addition to explicit objective costs). There is substantial perceived increase in the risk of default on private (source) loans, after great surge in institutional rural finance. There is also a political economy dimension to this phenomenon. Introduction of institutional finance, benefiting mostly the better-off and powerful sections of the village society, itself is governed by local political economy. The higher cost of institutional credit faced by the poor is not a matter simply of corruption, but also of alliances between the local elite and the functionaries of financial institutions. This nexus is not incidental. In addition, the same phenomenon further accentuates power relation between the same powerful (usually) lenders, and now residual, mostly poor borrowers. The study calls for a fresh look at the role of village lenders in the rural economy. First, it facilitates a more open approach to understanding the functioning of village lending systems in history afresh with an unprejudiced eye which can help in devising and developing better functioning rural credit institutions today; second, it calls for giving due recognition to the inherent strengths of the village lenders; third, it implies consideration of a much greater role for village lenders in the rural economy. Formal institutions and village lenders can be complementary rather than competitors as perceived till now. It is important to realize that there are substantial transactions costs involved in lending by formal institutions. Leaving actual lending mostly to the village lenders, and confining the public institutions to basically a refinance function will help in all round cost reductions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Land Tenancy and Rural Credit Market: A Case Study in West Bengal," by Arindam Laha is presented.

The new generation of credit programs directed at small borrowers emphasizes financial sustainability. Based on anecdotal information, proponents of cost recovery claim that raising formal lending rates would have a minimal impact on borrowing. However, rigorous evidence for this conjecture is sparse. The present study conducts an econometric test of this conjecture using data from a survey of small rice farmers from the Philippines. Alternative regression techniques tend to reject the conjecture; in particular, a regression that controls for selection effects shows a unitary elastic response of formal borrowing to the lending rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with socio-economic modernization, rural credit cooperatives become more and more important in our lives. There are fatal defects in the corporate profit theory, non-profit legal persons theory and middle legal persons theory. Therefore, China's legal property of cooperatives should not pursue a single purpose, but fix on the private interest in public legal persons, carry out a dual purpose theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insufficient access to rural credit institutions, the absence of marketing chains for agricultural products and limited application of advanced farming technology are the main development constraints in the Georgian agricultural sector. To research farmers' demand for rural financial services a representative household survey was conducted early 2008 in the region of Shida Kartli (N-406). The survey included a choice experiment to investigate farmer's preferences for characteristics of particular credit schemes. Results show that segments of the farmer population differ in their preferences for loan attributes. Furthermore, farmers expressed a very high demand for small credits with individual liability, and one third of them have experience with loans. These findings provide useful information for future credit cooperatives. Barriers to implementation are lack of trust among farmers and misconception of cooperatives with the former Soviet kolkhozes. Information campaigns can therefore be a key ingredient for the successful establishment of credit cooperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the conditions for success in rural credit in developing countries such as Vietnam. The author reflects on rural credit institutions in Vietnam and how group lending and social ties among borrowers impact the credit system. If is suggested that joint liability groups formed by borrowers do not have provision for borrowers' default and that credit monitoring is effected by the entire village or hamlet. Emphasis is given to the social life and customs of rural communities and the establishment of a monitoring system.

Although the rural credit cooperatives are the only formal credit providers to millions of households in rural China, empirical evidence suggests that they do not serve the interests of member households very effectively. This study examines how far the recent institutional reforms have addressed the problems of insider control and collective action in corporate governance and reduced local political influence on their operations. It contributes to the currently scant literature on the reasons for the persistence in China of local political interference in loan allocations. This study's findings suggest the need for a re-evaluation of the conventional wisdom that the role of local states in China's development is a positive one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This publication is part of a major study (Thesis). In that thesis it was analyzed the intention of Pronaf's beneficiaries to repay the credit they have received. The Pronaf is a line of credit for small farmers implemented by the Brazilian Federal Government in 1996. Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (1991) was used to evaluate the beneficiaries' intention in paying what they owned. In order to accomplish this evaluation, two studies were conducted. The first one (Preliminary Study) focused on the small farmer's beliefs about the program operation. The second (Main Study) focused on the measurement of these beliefs. Two beneficiary groups participated of the studies: Group A (agrarian reform settlers) and Group B (small farmers). According to Ajzen's model, for the participants of the Group A, the Attitude, the Normative belief (subjective norm component) and the Subjective Norm were positive significant predictors of the Intention to repay the credit. For the Group B, the Attitude, Behavioral belief (attitude component), Normative belief (subjective norm component) and Control belief (perceived behavioral control component) were positive significant predictors of the Intention to repay the credit. The Perceived behavioral control did not influence directly the behavioral Intention, but this variable indirectly predicts the target behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fermentum: Revista Venezolana de Sociologia y Antropologia is the property of Universidad de Los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)