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Цель — установить оптимальные сроки электрофизиологической диагностики острых пояснично‑крестцовых радикулопатий (ПКР), обусловленных грыжами межпозвоночных дисков, при проведении клинико‑электромиографического и нейрометрического мониторинга.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 100 пациентов с острыми компрессионными ПКР, обусловленными вертеброгенной патологией. В зависимости от характера вертеброгенных нарушений больных распределили на две клинические группы. В основную группу включено 45 пациентов, у которых ПКР была обусловлена дискогенной патологией в сочетании со стенозирующим процессом в позвоночном канале и латеральных отверстиях. Контрольную группу составили 55 лиц, у которых ПКР развилась на фоне патологии межпозвоночного диска на уровне одного позвоночно‑двигательного сегмента. Исследование проведено в динамике на 1 — 7, 10 — 14 и 30‑е сутки.Результаты. Стимуляционная электронейромиография и игольчатая электромиография у пациентов с дискогенными ПКР только на 30‑е сутки позволили подтвердить аксонально‑демиелинизирующий характер изменений как в проксимальных зонах корешковых сегментов, так и в более дистальных отделах — периферических нервах. Проведение нейрометрического мониторинга позволило впервые объективно оценить состояние тонких ноцирецепторов (миелинизированных волокон типа Аb и Аd и немиелинизированных волокон С‑типа) у больных с дискогенными острыми ПКР. При острых ПКР, обусловленных грыжами межпозвоночных дисков, независимо от уровня поражения в большей степени повреждаются сенсорные афференты, отвечающие за проведение тактильной и температурной чувствительности и быстрое проведение боли.Выводы. Электронейромиография может быть использована для нейрофизиологической оценки денервационно‑реиннервационного процесса при острых ПКР лишь на 3‑й неделе с момента заболевания. Нейрометрия позволяет объективизировать оценку состояния сенсорных афферентов пораженных корешков уже с первых дней диско‑радикулярного конфликта и может быть предложена как метод ранней диагностики острых ПКР., Мета — оцінити оптимальні терміни електрофізіологічної діагностики гострих попереково‑крижових радикулопатій (ПКР), зумовлених грижами міжхребцевих дисків, при проведенні клініко‑електроміографічного і нейрометричного моніторингу.Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 100 пацієнтів з гострими компресійними ПКР, зумовленими вертеброгенною патологією. Залежно від характеру вертеброгенних порушень хворих розподілили на дві клінічні групи. До основної групи залучено 45 пацієнтів, у яких ПКР була зумовлена дискогенною патологією в поєднанні зі стенозувальним процесом у хребтовому каналі та латеральних отворах. Контрольну групу утворили 55 осіб, у яких ПКР розвинулася на тлі патології міжхребцевого диска на рівні одного хребетно‑рухового сегмента. Дослідження проведено в динаміці в 1‑шу — 7‑му, 10 — 14‑ту ³ 30‑ту добу.Результати. Стимуляційна електронейроміографія і голчаста електроміографія у пацієнтів із дискогенними ПКР лише на 30‑ту добу дали змогу підтвердити аксонально‑демієлінізувальний характер змін як у проксимальних зонах корінцевих сегментів, так і в дистальніших відділах — периферичних нервах. Проведення нейрометричного моніторингу дало змогу вперше об’єктивно оцінити стан тонких ноцирецепторів (мієлінізованих волокон типу Аb і Аd та мієлінізованих волокон С‑типу) у хворих із дискогенними гострими ПКР. При гострих ПКР, зумовлених грижами міжхребцевих дисків, незалежно від рівня ураження більшою мірою пошкоджуються сенсорні аференти, які відповідають за проведення тактильної та температурної чутливості та швидке проведення болю.Висновки. Електронейроміографія може бути використана для нейрофізіологічної оцінки денерваційно‑реіннерваційного процесу при гострих ПКР лише на 3‑й тиждень з моменту захворювання. Нейрометрія дає змогу об’єктивно оцінити стан сенсорних аферентів уражених корінців вже з перших днів диско‑радикулярного конфлікту і може бути запропонована як метод ранньої діагностики гострих ПКР., Objective — to conduct electroneuromyography and quantitative sensory testing to assess the optimal timing of electrophysiological diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathies caused by intervertebral discs herniation.Methods and subjects. 100 people with acute compression lumbar‑sacral radiculopathies due to vertebrogenic pathology were examined. Patients were randomized into two groups: the main that consisted of 45 people with lumbosacral radiculopathy caused by discogenic pathology in combination with the stenosis in the vertebral canal and/or lateral openings and a control group of 55 people with lumbosacral radiculopathy developed against the background of the pathology of the intervertebral disk at the level of one vertebral motor segment. The study was conducted in dynamics on the day 1 — 7, day 10 — 14, day 30.Results. Stimulation electroneuromyography and needle electromyography in patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculoopathies only by the 30th day of the study allowed to confirm axonal — demyelinating character of changes not only in proximal zones of root segments, but also in more distal sections — in peripheral nerves. Neurometric monitoring allowed for the first time to assess objectively the state of thin nocireceptors (myelinated fibers of Ab‑ and Ad‑ types and unmyelinated fibers of C‑type) in patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy. It has been found that in lumbosacral radiculopathy caused by intervertebral disks hernia, regardless of the level of lesion, sensory afferents responsible for carrying out tactile and temperature sensitivity and for rapid carrying out of pain are more damaged.Conclusions. ENMG can be used for neurophysiological evaluation of denervational‑reinnervational process in acute lumbosacral radiculopathy only 3 weeks from the moment of disease. Neurometry allows to objectify the assessment of the state of sensory afferents of affected roots already from the first days of disco‑radical conflict and can be proposed as a method of early diagnosis of acute lumbosacral radiculopathy.

Мета — дослідити електронейроміографічні (ЕНМГ) показники кінцівок і ураженість карієсом зубів у дітей з дитячим церебральним паралічем (ДЦП) залежно від вираженості моторних порушень.Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 122 дитини (середній вік — (8,8 ± 3,7) року) зі спастичними формами ДЦП, яких розділили на групи згідно зі Шкалою великих моторних функцій. Усім пацієнтам проведено неврологічне обстеження, визначено стоматологічний статус та проведено аналіз стану зубів залежно від ступеня моторних порушень. Проведено ЕНМГ‑обстеження. Визначено стан гігієни порожнини рота та інтенсивність карієсу зубів за допомогою індексів, які враховують кількість уражених карієсом, пломбованих і видалених з приводу ускладненого карієсу постійних зубів.Результати. У більшості обстежених дітей було діагностовано спастичні форми ДЦП. При проведенні ЕНМГ‑дослідження у хворих з ДЦП виявлено нейрофізіологічні ознаки надсегментарних порушень, визначено ступінь вираженості спастичного синдрому та моторних порушень. Достовірне збільшення амплітуди F‑хвилі на 56,6 % спостерігали у дітей з вираженими руховими порушеннями порівняно із пацієнтами з легкими неврологічними змінами. Поширеність карієсу зубів у дітей з ДЦП становила 100 %, інтенсивність карієсу зубів у середньому — 6,27 ± 1,19, найбільша — у дітей з вираженішими порушеннями моторних функцій. Виявлено кореляційні зв’язки між ЕНМГ‑показниками та значеннями індексу гігієнічного стану порожнини рота і КПВ.Висновки. Інтенсивність карієсу в дітей із ДЦП зростає залежно від вираженості порушення моторних функцій. З підвищенням вираженості моторних порушень посилюються нейрофізіологічні зміни зі збільшенням ознак надсегментарних порушень. Виявлений прямо пропорційний зв’язок між нейрофізіологічними показниками та індексом гігієни порожнини рота може бути одним з чинників, який зумовлює підвищення ураженості зубів карієсом у дітей зі збільшенням вираженості моторних порушень., Цель — исследовать электронейромиографические (ЭНМГ) показатели конечностей и пораженность кариесом зубов у детей с детским церебральным параличом (ДЦП) в зависимости от выраженности моторных нарушений.Материалы и методы. Обследованы 122 ребенка (средний возраст — (8,8 ± 3,7) года) со спастическими формами ДЦП, которых разделили на группы согласно Шкале моторных функций. Всем пациентам проведено неврологическое обследование, определен стоматологический статус и проведен анализ состояния зубов в зависимости от степени моторных нарушений. Проведено ЭНМГ-обследование. Определено состояние гигиены полости рта и интенсивность кариеса зубов с помощью индексов, учитывающих количество пораженных кариесом, пломбированных и удаленных по поводу осложненного кариеса постоянных зубов.Результаты. У большинства обследованных детей были диагностированы спастические формы ДЦП При проведении ЭНМГ-исследования у больных с ДЦП обнаружены нейрофизиологические признаки надсегментарных нарушений, определена степень выраженности спастического синдрома и моторных нарушений. Достоверное увеличение амплитуды F-волны на 56,6 % наблюдали у детей с выраженными двигательными нарушениями по сравнению с пациентами с легкими неврологическими изменениями. Распространенность кариеса зубов у детей с ДЦП составляла 100 %, интенсивность кариеса зубов в среднем — 6,27 ± 1,19, максимальная — у детей с выраженными нарушениями моторных функций. Выявлены корреляционные связи между ЭНМГ-показателями и значениями индекса гигиенического состояния полости рта и КПУ.Выводы. Интенсивность кариеса у детей с ДЦП возрастает в зависимости от выраженности нарушения моторных функций. С повышением выраженности моторных нарушений усиливаются нейрофизиологические изменения с увеличением признаков надсегментарных нарушений. Обнаруженная прямо пропорциональная связь между нейрофизиологическими показателями и индексом гигиены полости рта может быть одним из факторов, обусловливающих повышение пораженности зубов кариесом у детей с увеличением выраженности моторных нарушений., Objective — to investigate the electroneuromyographic indices of the extremities and the caries cases in children with cerebral palsy depending on the severity of motor disorders.Methods and subjects. 122 children (mean age 8.8 ± 3.7 years) with spastic cerebral palsy, distributed into groups according to the Large Motor Function Scale, were examined. All children with cerebral palsy had an electroneuromyographic (ENMG) examination, dental status determination and teeth state examination depending on motor dysfunction degree. Oral hygiene level and dental caries intensity were determined by means of indixes that account decay teeth number, filled teeth number and extracted teeth number due to complicated decay of permanent teeth.Results. Most of the surveyed children were diagnosed with spastic forms of cerebral palsy. When conducting ENMG research, patients with cerebral palsy demonstrated neurophysiological signs of suprasegmentary disorders, we also determined the severity of spastic syndrome and motor disorders. A significant increase in the F‑wave amplitude by 56.6 % was observed in children with severe motor impairment compared with patients with mild neurological changes. The study found that the prevalence of dental caries in children with cerebral palsy was 100 %, the average values of dental caries intensity was 6.27 ± 1.19, its values were maximal in children with more severe impairment of motor function. Correlation between ENMG indices and oral hygiene index and DMF was detected.Conclusions.The intensity of caries in children with CP increases depending on the severity of impaired motor functions. With the increase in the severity of motor disorders in children with CP, neurophysiological changes increase with increasing signs of transsegmental disorders. Direct correlations found between neurophysiological indicators and oral cavity hygiene index may be one of the reasons that cause an increase in dental caries in children with increased motor impairment.

BackgroundThis research is recommended by the Myopathy Committee of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the investigation and diagnosis of systemic autoimmune myopathies.BodyA systematic literature review was performed in the Embase, Medline (PubMed) and Cochrane databases, including studies published until October 2018. PRISMA was used for the review, and the articles were evaluated, based on the Oxford levels of evidence. Ten recommendations were developed addressing different aspects of systemic autoimmune myopathy investigation and diagnosis.ConclusionsThe European League Against Rheumatism/ American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) classification stands out for the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune myopathies. Muscular biopsy is essential, aided by muscular magnetic resonance images and electroneuromyography in complementary research. Analysis of the factors related to prognosis with the evaluation of extramuscular manifestations, and comorbidities and intense investigation regarding differential diagnoses are mandatory.

Objective. To identify the main factors affecting the quality of life and the electrophysiological manifestations of alcoholic neuropathy and their changes after the application of methods of ergo-and physical therapy. Меthоds. Analysis of special scientific and ­methodological literature, clinical, laboratory and sociological methods, parametric and non-parametric statistics. Conclutions. There is a close functional relationship between the clinical manifestations of alcoholic polyneuropathy, asymmetric decrease of the bioelectric activity of the leg muscles and factors affecting the level of neuropathic pain and quality of life. Patients with manifestations of axonopathy, combined with demyelination, should be attributed to the risk group for the development of functional disorders of the higher parts of the spine and possible disability. Activities provided by the program of ergoand physical therapy have a positive effect on reducing the feeling of neuropathic pain, improving the quality of life, as evidenced by the positive dynamics of electrophysiological indicators, Мета. Виявити основні фактори, що впливають на якість життя й електрофізіологічні прояви алкогольної полінейропатії та їх зміни після застосування методів ергоі фізичної терапії. Методи. Аналіз спеціальної науково-методичної літератури, клініко-лабораторні та соціологічні методи, параметрична і непараметрична статистика. Висновки. Між клінічними проявами алкогольної полінейропатії, асиметричним пониженням біоелектричної активності м’язів гомілки і факторами, які впливають на рівень нейропатичного болю і якістю життя існує тісний функціональний взаємозв’язок. Хворих з проявами аксонопатії, що поєднуються з демієлінізацією, слід віднести до групи ризику щодо розвитку функціональних порушень вищих відділів хребта і можливої інвалідизації. Заходи, передбачені програмою ергота фізичної терапії, позитивно впливають на зниження відчуття нейропатичного болю, підвищення якості життя, що підтверджується позитивною динамікою електрофізіологічних показників.

Актуальність. Наслідки ушкодження лицевого нерва (ЛН) є серйозною медичною та соціальною проблемою, оскільки руйнівно впливають на низку важливих аспектів людського життя (економічні, психологічні, естетичні), що значно знижує якість життя хворих. Мета дослідження: поліпшити результати хірургічного лікування хворих з ушкодженнями лицевого нерва шляхом оптимізації діагностики функціонального стану ЛН залежно від клінічного симптомокомплексу й оптимізації хірургічних методів лікування. Матеріали та методи. Додаткові інструментальні методи дослідження, а саме клініко­нейрофізіологічні (НФ), було проведено в 67 пацієнтів із наслідками ушкодження ЛН за період із 2012 по 2017 р. Ступінь порушення функції лицевого нерва оцінювали за шкалою House — Brackmann. Додатково застосовували такі нейровізуалізуючі методи, як комп’ютерна томографія, магнітно­резонансна томографія, рентгенологічне та аудіометричне дослідження. Серед методів НФ­діагностики було використано: стимуляційну електроміографію, реєстрацію мигального рефлексу та голкову стимуляційну електроміографію. Комплекс нейрофізіологічної діагностики здійснювався на обладнанні «Нейро­МВП­4» («Нейрософт», РФ). Результати. Середні показники відновлення функції ЛН за шкалою House — Brackmann дорівнювали 2,94 ± 0,12 бала у групі хворих, яким проводили хірургічне лікування після 6 місяців після травми, і 2,45 ± 0,10 бала в групі хворих, які були прооперовані в терміни до 6 місяців після ушкодження ЛН. Між групами отримано відмінність на рівні значимості p = 0,017. Тобто кращі показники відновлення функції ЛН були в пацієнтів, у яких хірургічне втручання було проведено у більш ранньому періоді після травми (р < 0,05). У нашому дослідженні кількість пацієнтів, у яких отримано високі показники відновлення (за шкалою House — Brackmann ІІ–ІІІ ст.) у терміни після 12 міс. після операції становила 60 із 67 (89,55 %), серед них максимальні показники відновлення до II ст. ми спостерігали у 27 пацієнтів (40,3 %). Гірші показники відновлення функції мімічних м’язів (до IV–V ст. за шкалою House — Brackmann) спостерігалися в 7 хворих (10,45 %). На результат лікування останньої категорії хворих негативно впливали значні терміни проведення хірургічного лікування після отримання травми і неповне дотримання рекомендацій із приводу реабілітаційного лікування в післяопераційному періоді. Показники різниці клінічних результатів відновлення залежно від етіології ушкодження не є статистично значущими. Висновки. Рання діагностика ушкодження лицевого нерва із застосуванням загальноприйнятих шкал та додаткових інструментальних методів важлива для визначення подальшої тактики ведення хворого, визначення ефективності проведеної реіннервації і прогнозу відновлення функції ЛН., Background. The consequences of damage to the facial nerve (FN) is a serious medical and social problem, since they have a devastating impact on a number of important aspects of human life (economic, psychological, aesthetic), which significantly reduces the quality of patients’ life. The aim of the study is to improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with FN damage by optimizing the diagnosis of the FN functional state depending on the clinical signs and optimizing the surgical treatment me­thods. Materials and methods. Additional instrumental methods of research, namely, clinical and neurophysiological, were used in 67 patients with consequences of FN damage from 2012 to 2017. The degree of facial nerve dysfunction was assessed using House­Brackmann scale. Additionally, the following neuroimaging methods were used: computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, X­ray and audiometric. Among the methods of neurophysiological diagnosis, we used: stimulation electromyography (EMG), re­gistration of blink reflex and needle EMG. Neurophysiological diagnosis made on the Neuro­MVP­4 equipment (Neurosoft, RF). Results. The average recovery rate of FN function on the House­Brackmann scale was 2.94 ± 0.12 points in the group of patients who underwent surgical treatment later than 6 months after the injury, and 2.45 ± 0.10 points in the group of patients who were operated on within 6 months after FN injury. The difference between the groups was obtained at a significance level of p = 0.017. That is, better indicators of the FN function recovery were in patients in whom surgery was performed earlier in the post­injury period (p < 0.05). In our study, the number of patients with high recovery rates (on the scale of House­Brackmann II–III) within 12 months after the surgery was 60 out of 67 (89.55 %), among them the maximum recovery rates to level II we observed in 27 patients (40.3 %). The worst indicators of the restoration of the facial muscles function (to level IV–V on the House­Brackmann scale) were observed in 7 patients (10.45 %). Treatment outcome in the latter category of patients was negatively influenced by both the significant timing of surgical treatment after injury, and incomplete compliance with the recommendations for rehabilitation treatment in the postoperative period. Indicators of the difference in clinical outcomes of recovery depending on the etiology of the damage are not statistically significant. Conclusions. Early diagnosis of facial nerve damage with the use of generally accepted scales and additional instrumental methods is important for determining the further management of the patient, the effectiveness of the reinnervation and the prediction of the FN function recovery., Актуальность. Последствия повреждения лицевого нерва (ЛН) являются серьезной медицинской и социальной проблемой, поскольку оказывают разрушительное воздействие на ряд важных аспектов человеческой жизни (экономические, психологические, эстетические), что значительно снижает качество жизни больных. Цель исследования: улучшить результаты хирургического лечения больных с повреждениями лицевого нерва путем оптимизации диагностики функционального состояния ЛН в зависимости от клинического симптомокомплекса и оптимизации хирургических методов лечения. Материалы и методы. Дополнительные инструментальные методы исследования, а именно клинико­нейрофизиологические, были проведены у 67 пациентов с последствиями повреждения ЛН за период с 2012 по 2017 г. Степень нарушения функции лицевого нерва оценивали по шкале House — Brackmann. Дополнительно применяли такие нейровизуализирующие методы, как компьютерная томография, магнитно­резонансная томография, рентгенологические и аудиометрические исследования. Среди методов НФ­диагностики были использованы: стимуляционная электромиография, регистрация мигательного рефлекса и игольчатая стимуляционная электромиография. Комплекс нейрофизиологической диагностики осуществлялся на оборудовании «Нейро­МВП­4» («Нейрософт», РФ). Результаты. Средние показатели восстановления функции ЛН по шкале House — Brackmann составили 2,94 ± 0,12 балла в группе больных, которым проводили хирургическое лечение после 6 месяцев после травмы и 2,45 ± 0,10 балла в группе больных, которые были прооперированы в сроки до 6 месяцев после повреждения ЛН. Между группами получено отличие на уровне значимости p = 0,017. То есть лучшие показатели восстановления функции ЛН были у пациентов, у которых хирургическое вмешательство было проведено в более раннем периоде после травмы (р < 0,05). В нашем исследовании количество пациентов, у которых получены высокие показатели восстановления (по шкале House — Brackmann II–III ст.) в сроки после 12 мес. после операции, составило 60 из 67 (89,55 %), среди них максимальные показатели восстановления до II ст. мы наблюдали у 27 пациентов (40,3 %). Худшие показатели восстановления функции мимических мышц (к IV–V ст. по шкале House — Brackmann) наблюдались у 7 больных (10,45 %). На результат лечения последней категории больных негативно влияли значительные сроки проведения хирургического лечения после получения травмы и неполное соблюдение рекомендаций по поводу реабилитационного лечения в послеоперационном периоде. Показатели разницы клинических результатов восстановления в зависимости от этиологии повреждения не являются статистически значимыми. Выводы. Ранняя диагностика повреждения лицевого нерва с применением общепринятых шкал и дополнительных инструментальных методов важна для определения дальнейшей тактики ведения больного, определения эффективности проведенной реиннервации и прогноза восстановления функции ЛН.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether or not radial deviation developing after wrist involvement of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a cause of median nerve swelling. Patients and methods: The study included 51 RA patients (12 males, 39 females; mean age 50.9±8.9 years; range, 18 to 65 years) without carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) detected by electroneuromyography. Duruöz hand index, visual analog scale, and painDETECT questionnaire were performed in clinical assessment. Radiographic measurements including radial inclination (RI) angle were performed. Using ultrasonography, the median nerve cross-sectional areas (CSAs) were measured from the four levels of the distal one third of the forearm, radioulnar joint, pisiform bone, and hook of hamate, while the ulnar nerve CSAs were measured from the pisiform bone. Results: The study was completed with 102 hands of 51 patients. A negative correlation was found between the RI and the median CSAs measured from the radioulnar joint (R=-0.49; p=0.00), the pisiform bone (R=-0.45; p=0.00), and hook of hamate (R=-0.60, p=0.00). When the hands were divided into three groups according to the ranges of RI specified in the literature, the median nerve CSA was found to be significantly higher in the group with low RI at these levels (p

Context: the continual effect of noise causes persistent and conspicuous changes both in deaf-aid and central, autonomic and peripheral nervous systems. Aims: the aim of our research was to investigate the changes of the CNS and PNS in the presence of hearing loss of occupational and non-occupational origin. Settings and Design: 100 patients were examined, 40 of whom had a history of occupational SNHL, 30 – loss of hearing of non-occupational origin and 30 – healthy hearing patients having no contact with noise. Methods and Material: audiometry, stimulation electroneuromyography and computer electroencephalography. Statistical analysis used: the investigation data are presented in the view of median (Med), upper (Q25) and lower (Q75) quartiles. Pearson linear correlation test (rxy) was used for identifying the relationship between the data of electroencephalography (EEG) and electroneuromyography (ENMG). The differences at р

Aim: Electroneuromyography (ENMG) is an electrophysiological method of examination for neurophysiological state of motor neuron, peripheral nerve and muscle functions. This study was aimed to investigate the concordance of between referral diagnosis and ENMG diagnosis in patients referred to the electrophysiology laboratory. Methods: A retrospective cohort study is planned. Patients, whose evaluations of ENMG were requested by the orthopedic, neurology and physical therapy and rehabilitation physicians between June 2015 and December 2018, were included in this study. Descriptive statistics and Cohen’s Kappa Test were run for data set analysis.Results: A total of 486 patients are included in the study. Of the 486 patients undergoing ENMG examination, 362 were female (74.5%) and 124 were male (25.5%). The mean age was 46.71±12.41. 35.2% (n=171) of the referral diagnoses were requested by orthopedics, 32.7% (n=159) by physical therapy and rehabilitation and 32.1% (n=156) by neurology clinics. When the consistency between the preliminary diagnosis and post-ENMG diagnosis was examined; 65.4% of the results were found to be compatible. According to the clinics; 76.3% of the requests referred by the neurology clinic and 64.8% of the requests referred by the physical therapy and rehabilitation clinic, 56.1% of the requests referred by the orthopedic clinic were confirmed by ENMG. As a result of the Cohen’s Kappa test, the total (κ) correlation between clinical preliminary diagnosis and ENMG diagnosis was found to be 0.574 (p, Amaç: Elektronöromiyografi (ENMG) motor nöron, perifer sinir ve kas fonksiyonlarının nörofizyolojik olarak değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan yöntemdir. Bu retrospektif çalışmada Nörofizyoloji laboratuvarında değerlendirilmiş olan hastaların klinik ön tanıları ile ENMG tanıları arasındaki uyumun araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmada, Haziran 2015- Aralık 2018 yılları arasında Ortopedi, Nöroloji ve Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon (FTR) uzmanları tarafından ENMG istemleri yapılmış olan 486 hastanın sonuçları, ön tanı ile elektrodiagnostik uyumluluğu açısından retrospektif olarak incelendi. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik ve Cohen’s Kappa Testi kullanıldı. ENMG incelemesi yapılan toplam 486 hastanın 362’si kadın (%74,5), 124’ü erkekti (%25,5) ve hastaların yaş ortalaması 46.71±12.41 idi. Bulgular: Hastaların %35,2’sinin (n=171) istemi Ortopedi, %32,7’sinin (n=159) istemi FTR, %32,1’inin (n=156) istemi Nöroloji kliniklerinden yapılmıştı. En çok ön tanı Karpal Tünel Sendromu (%44,4) idi. Ön tanılar ile ENMG sonrasında raporlanan tanılar arasındaki tutarlılık incelendiğinde; sonuçların %65,4 oranında uyumlu olduğu görüldü. Kliniklere göre değerlendirme yapıldığında ise Nöroloji kliniğince yapılan isteklerin %76,3’ü, FTR kliniğince yapılan isteklerin %64,8’i ve Ortopedi kliniğince yapılan isteklerin %56,1’i ENMG ile doğrulanmıştı. Ön tanıların ENMG ile desteklenme oranları incelendiğinde; peroneal nöropati (%78,8) en yüksek orana sahipti. Chen’s Kappa testi sonucunda toplamda klinik ön tanılar ile ENMG tanıları arasındaki uyum (κ) değeri 0,574 olarak bulundu (p

A significant role of safety countermeasures and vehicle restraints is to minimize contact between the occupant and vehicle interior; thereby significantly reducing the risk and incidence of injury. Current testing protocols evaluate restraint performance with an optimally positioned ATDs or HBMs (e.g., seated upright against the seat back, gaze forward and hands on the lap); however, occupant position may be influenced by pre-crash maneuvers. Low-acceleration time-extended (LATE) events, such as evasive swerving, often precede a crash event. The inertial forces during LATE events have the potential to cause changes to the occupant's initial state (initial posture, position, muscle tension). Evasive swerving can displace occupants away from idealized seating positions and may induce bracing or muscle tensing as inherent reaction strategies. In turn, the occupant's pre-crash state may compromise the restraint system's performance and its contribution to occupant protection during the crash phase. Common out-of-position or sub-optimal positions and the injury risks associated with them have yet to be determined. In addition, the level of restraint robustness to accommodate changes in occupant size and state remains largely unknown. Hence, it is imperative to study occupant kinematics during pre-crash events because the optimal performance of restraint systems requires an accurate assessment of the pre-crash position of the occupant. Developmental differences that occur between adolescence to adulthood may also affect occupant kinematic responses. Therefore, the objective of this study is to quantify the kinematic response of restrained pediatric, young adult and adult human volunteers during a simulated evasive swerving maneuver and evaluate the effects of age, two safety countermeasures (e.g., pre-pretensioning and inflated torso bolsters), and muscle response, on occupant kinematics. This research was approved by the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Drexel University Institutional Review Boards. A novel laboratory device was custom constructed for this study to expose human subjects to non-injurious loading conditions that mimic real-world evasive swerving events. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to determine the appropriate oscillatory acceleration and magnitude that is safe for human subject testing and also representative of dynamic pre-crash field data. The acceleration pulse was determined to be safe and repeatable and exposed subjects to oscillatory peak lateral accelerations of 0.72 ± 0.04 g. Healthy male subjects were selected such that they resembled the broad range of occupant ages and sizes found in the second-row passenger seat of a motor vehicle. In total, 40 male human volunteers, ages 9-11 years (n=10), 12-14 years (n=10), 15-17 years (n=10) and 18-40 years (n=10), were tested. Each subject was exposed to a series of test conditions (relaxed, braced, pre-pretensioned seat belt, sculpted vehicle seat with and without inflated torso bolsters) while their kinematics were captured using 3D motion‐capture and muscle activity was recorded. The implementation of a pre-pretensioner, otherwise known as a reversible motorized seat belt, was an effective vehicle countermeasure during a simulated evasive swerving maneuver as it substantially reduced lateral head and trunk displacement as well as limited transverse trunk rotation by approximately 50%. Kinematic differences were observed across the subsequent cycles of the test; the first cycle, likely representing an unaware occupant, experienced the largest lateral displacement, despite having the lowest lateral acceleration. Bracing was studied as a volunteer induced countermeasure, and it significantly reduced peak lateral head and trunk displacement by approximately 40%, independent of age. Analysis of the mean muscle response aligned with the resulting kinematics. These results suggest that the occupants employ various neuromuscular strategies to counteract motion as they become more aware of the loading condition. Last, some subjects employed transverse trunk rotation during the cyclic maneuver; however, this kinematic strategy did not have age-specific implications. Findings from this data set can help guide the implementation of safety countermeasures that are relevant to the pre-crash phase. Additionally, acquisition of such data, which includes a broad range of occupant ages and sizes, is essential for the validation of computational human body models and anthropomorphic testing devices. Although such data has an automotive focus, this research emphasizes the study of biomechanics is at the interface of active and passive safety.

RESUMO Diversos fármacos são utilizados no tratamento da epilepsia e, assim como outros medicamentos, podem induzir a ocorrência de efeitos adversos, alguns tão graves que geram a necessidade de descontinuidade e substituição da terapia. A carbamazepina pode levar a alterações nos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório e neurológico, sendo descritos na literatura casos de indução de miastenia gravis como distúrbio neuromuscular. Este estudo relata o caso de um cão que desenvolveu polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante, tendo como provável desencadeante a terapia com carbamazepina. O paciente apresentou tetraplegia, ausência de reflexos espinhais nos quatro membros, fraqueza cervical, diminuição do reflexo palpebral bilateral e esforço respiratório. A eletroneuromiografia demonstrou sinais de desmielinização. Este, portanto, é o primeiro relato de associação entre carbamazepina e polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante em cão. ABSTRACT Different drugs are used in the treatment of epilepsy and, like other drugs, may induce the occurrence of adverse effects, some of them so severe that the drug must be discontinued and replaced. Carbamazepine may lead to changes in the cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological systems, and cases of induction of myasthenia gravis as a neuromuscular disorder have been described in the literature. This paper reports the case of a dog that developed demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, probably triggered by carbamazepine. The patient presented tetraplegia, absence of spinal reflexes in the four limbs, cervical weakness, decreased bilateral eyelid reflex and respiratory effort. Electroneuromyography showed signs of demyelination. This, therefore, is the first report of association between carbamazepine and demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in dogs.

Comparison of clinical-roentgenologic and electroneuromyographic data was performed for 29 patients, aged 3 - 16 years, at different stages of conservative and surgical treatment for hip joints dysplasia. First group included 18 patients with complicated clinical course; second - 11 patients with favorable process of joint formation. Functional activity of motor neurons, spinal cord and peripheral nerves conductivity was assessed. It was shown that in patients from the 1 st group the ENMG indices were statistically significantly lower than in healthy children ( р

Aim of the work The purpose of this study was to investigate the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) characteristics, functional capacity, depression and anxiety as well as quality of life (QoL) in RA patients with chronic radicular low back and leg pain diagnosis which was determined by using electroneuromyographic (ENMG) evaluation. Patients and methods In this study, 32 female RA patients with radicular low back and leg pain for at least 3 months were recruited. Electroneuromyographic (ENMG) evaluation was performed in all patients and accordingly grouped: group 1: normal ENMG (n = 7; 22%), group 2: patients with polyneuropathy (n = 8; 25%) and group 3: patients with radiculopathy (n = 17; 53%). Disease activity was assessed by disease activity score (DAS28) and functional disability by modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ). Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale-2 was used to assess QoL and Beck Inventory for assessment of anxiety and depression. Results The mean age of the patients was 54.7 ± 10.3 years and disease duration 14.9 ± 8.3 years. The DAS-28 and functional disability were significantly increased (p = 0.005 and p = 0.01) in group-2 compared to the other groups. There were no significant differences in the depression and anxiety scores among the 3 groups. Significantly impaired QoL parameters (Hand-finger function, arm function, social activity and pain) were present in the polyneuropathy group. There was no difference in assessment parameters between the normal and radiculopathy groups. Conclusions Chronic radicular low back and leg pain in patients with RA may be due to probable lumbar radiculopathy as well as an indicator for polyneuropathy.

Türk kültürü ve folklorunun en önemli unsurlarından bir tanesi olan halk oyunları günümüze kadar kültürel ve sanatsal açısından detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Ancak halk oyunlarının özellikle dil – edebiyat ilişkisi ile sportif açıdan yeteri kadar incelendiğini söylemek mümkün değildir.Halk oyunlarının müzik ve hareketten oluştuğu, birbirinden ayrılmaz bir bütün olduğundan bahsedilmiş, bu doğrultuda çok sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Ancak oyunlardaki söz unsurundan yeterince bahsedilmemiş ve bu doğrultuda detaylı çalışmalar gerektiğince yapılmamıştır. Her ne kadar halk oyunlarındaki söz unsuru günümüzde çok fazla kullanılmasa da halk oyunlarının yarıdan fazlasında söz vardır. Özellikle kadın oyunlarımızın neredeyse tamamı sözlüdür. Söz ve oyun birbirinden ayrılmaz iki unsurdur. Dolayısıyla halk oyunları müzik ve hareketten oluşmamakta söz – müzik – hareket bileşkesinden oluşmaktadır.Halk oyunlarımızın hareketten oluştuğu aşikârdır. Fakat günümüze kadar oyunun hareket boyutu her ne kadar ele alınsa da özellikle fiziksel, fizyolojik ve kinesiyolojik açıdan araştırmaların eksik olduğu söylenebilir. Halk oyunlarının sistematik hareket modellerinden oluştuğu düşünüldüğünde, iskelet ve kas sisteminin hareket modellerinin meydana gelmesindeki yerini incelemek önemlidir. Çünkü hareketin yapılmasını sağlayan iskelet ve kaslarımızdır. Tüm bunların ışığında bu çalışmanın amaçlarından bir tanesi, Türk halk oyunlarının kültürel çerçevedeki yeri ve önemine dikkat çekmenin yanı sıra oyun – söz ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bir diğer amacımız ise halk oyunlarında kullanılan bazı kasların aktivasyon oranlarının hareket bilimi (kinesijolojik) açısından incelemektir.Bu amaç doğrultusunda, araştırmada EMG/ENMG (Elektronöromiyografi) tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. EMG, sinirler ve kaslardan alınan elektriksel sinyallerin yazdırılması anlamına gelmektedir.Türk halk oyunlarının icrası esnasında kullanılan bazı kas gruplarının aktivasyon oranları EMG tekniği ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma `ana kas grubu` üzerinde yapılmış olup bacaklarda M. Tibialis Anterior ve M. Quadriceps Femoris kasları, kollarda Flexör Digitorum Superficialis ve M. Biceps Brachii kasları ile sırt bölgesindeki Longissimus Thoracis ve Trapezius kaslarının üzerine elektrotlar bağlanarak danslar icra edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan kaslar alanda uzman kişilerin görüşleri alınarak seçilmiştir. Oyun esnasında kasların kasılmaları sonucunda elde edilen ölçüm sonuçlarının minimum, maksimum, ortalama ve standart sapmaları tablolar halinde yer verilmiştir.Türkiye ölçeğinde, hareket ve yapısal özellikler dikkate alındığında birbirinden farklılık gösteren oyunlar arasından 42 adet oyun tespit edilmiş ve çalışmada bu oyunlar incelenmiştir. Tespit edilen oyunlar Türk halk oyunları geçmişi olan, konservatuvar Türk halk oyunları bölümünden mezun, vücut yapıları, kas yapıları ve yaşam tarzları birbirine çok benzeriki erkek dansçı tarafından icra edilmiştir. Folk dances, which are one of the most important elements of Turkish culture and folklore, have been examined in detail from the cultural and artistic point of view. However, it is impossible to say that the folk dances are examined sufficiently in terms of language, literary relation and sportive competence.It has been mentioned that folk dances are composed of music and movement, that they are an integral part of each other, and a lot of work has been done in this direction. However, verbal expressions in folk dances are not mentioned sufficiently, detailed studies in this direction have not been made as necessary. Although the element verbal expressions in folk dances is not used much today, more than half of folk dances have these verbal expressions. Especially, almost all of our female plays are verbal. Words and dance are two separate elements. Therefore, the folk dances are composed of music, words, and movement.It is obvious that our folk dances are made of movement. However, although the movement in folk dances has been examined until now, it can be said that the researches are lacking of physical, physiological and kinesiological aspects in particular. When it is thought that the folk dances are made up of systematic movement models, it is important to examine the place where the movement patterns of the skeletal and muscular system occur, because it is the skeleton and muscles that enable movement to take place.In the light of all this, one of the aims of this study is to reveal the relation between dance and lyrics as well as to draw attention to the place and importance of Turkish folk dances in the cultural context. Our other goal is to examine the activation rates of some muscles used in folk dances kinesiologically (science of movement).For this purpose, EMG / ENMG (Electroneuromyography) technique was utilized in the research. EMG refers to the printing of electrical signals from nerves and muscles. The activation rates of some muscle groups used during the Turkish folk dances were determined by EMG technique. The study was carried out on the `main muscle group` and dances were performed by tying electrodes on the muscles of M. Tibialis Anterior and M. Quadriceps Femoris muscles, Flexor DigitorumSuperficialis and M. Biceps Brachii muscles in the backs, and LongissimusThoracis and Trapezius muscles in the back region. The muscles used in the research were selected by taking the opinions of the field experts. The minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviations of the measurement results obtained as a result of muscular contractions during the dance are given in the tables.Considering the movement and structural properties in the scale of Turkey, 42 dances have been identified among the ones which differ from each other,and these dances have been examined in the study. The dances identified were performed by two male dancers, whose body structures, muscle structures and lifestyles are very similar. They had a history in Turkish folk dances and graduated from the department of Turkish Folk Dance of the conservatory. 272

HASTANEMİZ ÇOCUK NÖROLOJİ HASTALARINDA UYGULANAN ELEKTRONÖROMYOGRAFİ SONUÇLARI İSTATİSTİKSEL OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLEREK MOTOR VE DUYU SİNİRLERİNİN ENMG NORMAL DEĞER ARALIKLARININ BELİRLENMESİElektronöromyografi (ENMG) fonksiyonel anormallikleri ortaya koymakta ve yapısal anormalliklerin fonksiyonel kayba yol açıp açmadığını belirlemede kullanılan bir testtir. Bu konuda, çocuk hastaların verileri erişkin verilerine göre, henüz tam aydınlatılmış değildir. Daha önceki çalışmalarda verileri etkileyecek ısı, yaş, boy parametreleri ile aynı zamanda etnik köken ve dermografik değişiklikler de gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle, daha aydınlatıcı ve kolay değerlendirme sağlanabilmesi için her hastanenin kendi alt ve üst sınırlarını belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu konuda 2009-2016 yılları arasında ENMG çekilmiş hastaların sağlam taraf verileri kullanılarak yaptığımız 249 hastaya ait sağ ve sol extremite verilerden oluşan çalışmada, duyu ve motor sinirler için distal latans, amplitüd, hız verilerinin minimum, maximum ve median değerlerini saptadık. Çalışmadaki hastaların verilerinin 252 'si kız (%50.8), 244 'ü erkek (%49.2) 'ten oluşmaktadır. Bu sinirlerden mevcut veriler yaş grupları olarak 0-3 ay, 3-6 ay, 6-12 ay, 12-24 ay, 24-48 ay, 48-72 ay, 72-120 ay, 120-168 ay, 168-216 ay şeklinde gruplandırıldı. Duyusal sinir sonuçlarında, yaş ile median distal latans, amplitüd ve hız arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı. Yaş ile duyusal ulnar sinirin distal latans, amplitüd ve hızı arasında pozitif korelasyon, aynı zamanda yaş ile radial distal latans ve hız arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı. Motor sinir sonuçlarında ise: yaş ile median amplitüd ve hız arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı. Yaş arttıkça motor radial sinir distal latans ve tibial latansın da artarak pozitif korelasyon gösterdiği görüldü.Aynı zamanda literatürle uyumlu olarak, çocuklarda duyusal sinir iletim hızının erişkin değerlerine ulaşması 4 yaş civarını bulduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmamız, her bölümün kendi sınır değerlerini yansıtan daha çok sayıda verileri içeren ENMG çalışmalarına gereksinim olduğunu düşündürmüştür.Anahtar sözcükler: ENMG, çocuk. STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF ELECTRONEUROMYOGRAPHY RESULTS FROM CHILD PATIENTS AND DETERMINATION OF NORMAL ENMG RANGES FOR MOTOR AND SENSORY NERVESElectroneuromyography (ENMG) is a test to reveal functional anomalies and determine whether structural anomalies lead to functional loss. The data of child patients are not yet fully established in comparison to adult patients. In the previous studies, factors such as temperature, age, height parameters which affect the data have been presented along with ethnicity and dermographic variations. For this reason, it is necessary for each hospital to determine its own upper and lower limits in order to provide more informative and easy evaluation. In this study we have detected the minimum, maximum and median values of distal latency, amplitudes, and velocity data for sensory and motor nerves in a study of 249 patients using normal data of ENMG patients between 2009 and 2016. 252 of the data attained during the study were from female patients (50.8%) and 244 were from male patients (49.2%). The data from these nerves are clustered within age groups of 0-3 months, 3-6 months, 6-12 months, 12-24 months, 24-48 months, 48-72 months, 72-120 months, 120-168 months, 168-216 month. Sensory nerve results showed a positive correlation between age and median distal latency, amplitudes, and velocity. There was a positive correlation between age and distal latency, amplitudes and velocity of sensory ulnar nerve, and a positive correlation between age and radial distal latency and velocity at the same time. A positive correlation was found between age and median amplitudes and speeds in motor nerve results. As age increases, motor radial nerve distal latency and tibial latency also increases, showing a positive correlation. In accordance with the literature, it has been found that the rate of sensory neurotransmission in children reaches adult values around the age of 4. Our study suggests that each department needs ENMG studies involving a larger number of data to reflect their own limit values.Key words: ENMG, children. 57

Elektrodiyagnostik çalı?ma pratikte klinik muayenin devamı olarak görülen, altta yatan nöromuskuler bozukluk hakkında bilgi veren bir çalı?madır. Uygun protokollerde yapıldığında hastalığın tanı ve tedavisinde yardımcı olmaktadır. ?stemler ne kadar doğru endikasyonda istenirse, o kadar yüksek oranda tutarlı sonuç elde edilir ve klinik fayda artar. Bu çalı?mada Elektronöromiyografi (ENMG) ünitemizde elde edilen Elektrodiyagnostik tanı (EDT)’ların ön tanılar ile ne kadar uyumlu olduğunu saptamayı amaçladık. Elektrodiyagnostik çalı?ma pratikte klinik muayenin devamı olarak görülen, altta yatan nöromuskuler bozukluk hakkında bilgi veren bir çalı?madır. Uygun protokollerde yapıldığında hastalığın tanı ve tedavisinde yardımcı olmaktadır. ?stemler ne kadar doğru endikasyonda istenirse, o kadar yüksek oranda tutarlı sonuç elde edilir ve klinik fayda artar. Bu çalı?mada Elektronöromiyografi (ENMG) ünitemizde elde edilen Elektrodiyagnostik tanı (EDT)’ların ön tanılar ile ne kadar uyumlu olduğunu saptamayı amaçladık.

Objective: To estimate the effectiveness of welding epineural coaptation of the residual sciatic nerve after resection based on electroneuromyographic (ENMG) parameters obtained in the gastrocnemius muscle.Materials and methods. Experimental animals were albino outbreed male rats (350–450 g, 7 months old); trauma model was the resection of the left sciatic nerve in the middle third; the experimental groups were as following: 1 — neurotomy (n = 18), 2 — neurotomy + neurosuture (n = 13), 3 — neurotomy + welding coaptation (n = 15); the method of investigation was direct needle ENMG (sciatic nerve stimulation, responses were registered in gastrocnemius muscle) in 3 and 5 months after injury.Results. The model of the nerve trauma with a temporary restriction of limb mobility is relevant for evaluating the effectiveness of restorative interventions in this type of pathology. In 5 months of observation there was found a significant prevalence of M-response amplitude in the injured limb compared to neurorrhaphy (17.3 ± 2.3 vs. 8.4 ± 0.9 mV, respectively; p = 0.005). M-response amplitude lateralization after the welded coaptation, in contrast to neurorrhaphy, is of temporary nature, indicating the improved regeneration process. Absence of ENMG-indices lateralization in 3 and 5 months after the neurotomy and high values of the M-response amplitude in 5 months indicated the possibility of gastrocnemius alternative re-innervations by terminals of intact nerve trunks.Conclusion. High-frequency electric epineural welding provides a reliable coaptation of the residual nerve, and, taking into account some ENMG indicators, is more effective than neurorrhaphy., Цель: оценить эффективность сварного эпиневрального соединения культей пересеченного седалищного нерва на основе показателей электронейромиографии (ЭНМГ), которые регистрировали в икроножной мышце.Материалы и методы. Животные — белые беспородные крысы-самцы (масса тела 350–450 г, возраст 7 мес); травма — пересечение левого седалищного нерва в средней трети; экспериментальные группы — 1 (невротомия, n=18), 2 (невротомия + нейрорафия, n=13), 3 (невротомия + сварное соединение, n=15); метод исследования — прямая игольчатая ЭНМГ (стимуляция седалищного нерва, регистрация ответов в икроножной мышце) через 3 и 5 мес после травмы.Результаты. Модель пересечения седалищного нерва с временным ограничением подвижности конечности релевантна относительно оценки эффективности восстановительных вмешательств при такой травме. Через 5 мес отмечено статистически значимое преобладание амплитуды М-ответа травмированной конечности у животных после сварного соединения по сравнению с таковой после нейрорафии, соответственно (17,3±2,3) и (8,4±0,9) мВ (р=0,005). Латерализация амплитуды М-ответа икроножной мышцы после сварного соединения культей седалищного нерва, в отличие от нейрорафии, временная, что свидетельствует о большей результативности процесса регенерации. Отсутствие латерализации показателей ЭНМГ через 3 и 5 мес после изолированной невротомии на фоне высокой амплитуды М-ответа через 5 мес наблюдения свидетельствует о возможности альтернативной реиннервации исследованной мышцы терминалями интактных нервных стволов.Вывод. Высокочастотная электрическая сварка эпиневрия обеспечивает надежное, с учетом некоторых показателей ЭНМГ — более результативное соединение культей нерва, чем нейрорафия., Мета: оцінити ефективність зварного епіневрального з’єднання кукс сідничого нерва після його пересічення на основі показників електронейроміографії (ЕНМГ), реєстрованих у литковому м’язі.Матеріали і методи дослідження. Експериментальні тварини — білі безпородні щури-самці (маса тіла 350–450 г, вік 7 міс); травма — пересічення лівого сідничого нерва у середній третині; експериментальні групи — 1 (невротомія, n=18), 2 (невротомія + нейрорафія, n=13), 3 (невротомія + зварне з’єднання, n=15); метод дослідження — пряма голкова ЕНМГ (стимуляція сідничого нерва, реєстрація відповіді у литковому м’язі) через 3 і 5 міс після травми.Результати. Модель пересічення сідничого нерва з тимчасовим обмеженням рухливості кінцівки релевантна щодо оцінки ефективності відновного втручання з приводу такої травми. Через 5 міс відзначали статистично значуще переважання амплітуди М-відповіді травмованої кінцівки у тварин після зварного з’єднання порівняно з такою після нейрорафії — відповідно (17,3±2,3 та (8,4±0,9) мВ (р=0,005). Різниця амплітуди М-відповіді литкового м’яза лівої та правої задніх кінцівок після зварного з’єднання кукс сідничого нерва, на відміну від нейрорафії, тимчасова, свідчить про кращий перебіг регенераційного процесу. Відсутність відмінності показників ЕНМГ лівої та правої задніх кінцівок через 3 і 5 міс після ізольованої невротомії на тлі високої амплітуди М-відповіді через 5 міс спостереження свідчить про можливість альтернативної реіннервації досліджуваного м’яза терміналями інтактних нервових стовбурів.Висновок. Високочастотне електричне зварювання епіневрію забезпечує надійне з’єднання кукс нерва, за окремими показниками ЕНМГ більш результативне, ніж стандартна нейрорафія.

Objective: Electroneuromyography (ENMG) is an essential method for demonstrating the neurophysiological status. We performed this trial to reflect the variety of the ENMG diagnoses and the compliance between the preliminary diagnosis and the ENMG result in pediatric cases in our region. Material and Method: The ENMG diagnoses of the pediatric patients presenting to our electroneurophysiology laboratory during a 2-year period were investigated. Results: The mean age of the 789 pediatric patients was 6.56± 4.81. Among them, there were 415 males (52.6%) with a mean age of 6.57±4.72, and 374 females (47.4%) with a mean age of 6.54±4.91. The ENMG diagnoses were as follows: 141 patients (17.9%) with brachial plexus lesion, 65 patients (8.2%) with peripheral nerve injury due to sharp object injury, gunshot injury and various accidents (traffic accidents, falling down from height etc), 48 patients (6.1%) with polyneuropathy (non-acute onset), 39 patients (4.9%) with myopathy, 37 patients (4.7%) with injection neuropathy, 34 patients (4.3%) with Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). 329 cases (41.7%) had normal ENMG findings despite the presence of a preliminary diagnosis. 460 had (58.3%) pathological ENMG findings. Conclusion: In the pediatric age group, the most common diagnosis was the brachial plexus lesion. The fact that more than 30% of the cases had traumatic nerve injury revealed that preventive measures should be taken against accidents and in relation to medical procedures for non-adults. The preliminary diagnosis-ENMG compliance rate of 58.3% indicates the necessity to reduce the off-label ENMG request., Amaç: Elektronöromiyografi (ENMG) nörofizyolojik durumun ortaya konmasında vazgeçilmezdir. Bu çalışmada bölgemizde pediatrik olgularda ENMG tanılarının farklılığını ve ön tanı ile ENMG sonuç uyumunu yansıtmak istedik. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2 yıllık dönemde elektronörofizyoloji laboratuarımıza başvuran pediatrik hastaların ENMG tanıları incelendi. Bulgular:789 pediatrik yaş grubuna ait hastanın yaş ortalaması 6,56± 4,81idi. Bunların 415"i erkekti (%52,6) ve yaş ortalaması 6,57±4,72, 374"ü kızdı (%47,4) ve yaş ortalaması 6,54±4,91 idi. ENMG"de 141 hasta (%17,9) brakial plexus lezyonu, 65 hasta (%8,2) kesici alet yaralanması, ateşli silah yaralanması ve çeşitli kazalara (trafik kazaları, yüksekten düşme vb) bağlı periferik sinir hasarları, 48 hasta (%6,1) polinöropati (akut başlangıçlı olmayan ), 39 hasta (%4,9) myopati, 37 hasta (%4,7) enjeksiyon nöropatisi, 34 hasta (%4,3) ise Guillain Barre Sendromu(GBS) idi. Tüm incelemelerin 329"unda (%41,7) ön tanı ile gelmesine rağmen normal ENMG bulguları vardı. 460"ında (%58,3) patolojik ENMG bulguları görüldü. Sonuç: Pediatrik yaş grubunda, bölgemizde en çok brakial plexus lezyonu gözlendi. Vakaların %30"dan fazlasında travmatik sinir hasarı ile karşılaşmamız bölgemizde erişkin olmayanlar için kazalardan ve tıbbi uygulamalar açısından koruyucu önlemler almamız gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ön tanı ENMG uyum oranı %58,3 olması ise endikasyon dışı ENMG isteminin azaltılmasının gerekliliğini sergilemektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Pediatri, elektronöromiyografi.

WOS: 000397364700006 PubMed: 28094417 Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the adaptability of the electrical root stimulation technique by achieving normative data from the obturator and femoral nerves of healthy dogs. Methods: For this purpose, two stimulations and recordings were performed on both the obturator and femoral nerves in 40 dogs (22 males and 18 females). Electrical root stimulation was applied via monopolar needle electrodes between the sixth to seventh and fifth to sixth lumbar interarcuate spaces to the obturator and femoral nerves, respectively. Muscle waves were recorded from the gracilis and sartorius muscles of the left and right pelvic limb. Results: The proximal motor nerve conduction velocity was 60.89 +/- 3.93 m/s and 59.87 +/- 4.83 m/s in the obturator and femoral nerves, respectively. Clinical significance: Our results showed that electrical root stimulation could be a useful method to test the integrity of the roots of obturator and femoral nerves and their proximal parts. Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TUBITAK 1110404]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) This study is a part of the research numbered TUBITAK 1110404 that was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey. We are grateful for the support of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey.

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Functional state of the neuromotor system after administration of a nonspecific NO synthase blocker L-NAME was studied on the model of experimental contusion of the spinal cord. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of NO production in the damaged segment of the spinal cord were performed for estimation of the dynamics of intensity of NO production during traumatic disease of the spinal cord and selection of optimal period for L-NAME administration. The status of the neuromotor system was evaluated by stimulation electromyography. Treatment with L-NAME during the acute period of traumatic injury to the spinal cord sharply reduced the intensity of evoked motor responses and more pronounced increase in excitability of peripheral motor structures. The results suggest that NO system is a factor of regulation of the stress-induced and adaptive responses of the body at the early stage of spinal cord injury.

Carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) is the most common neuromuscular cause of upper extremity disability. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of peloid therapy in patients with CTS. This randomized, controlled, single-blind study enrolled 70 patients between the ages of 30 to 65 who had a diagnosis of either mild, mild-to-moderate, or moderate CTS. The patients were randomized into two groups using random number table. In the first group, (Group 1)(n = 35), patients were given splint (every night for 6 weeks) + peloid treatment(five consecutive days a week for 2 weeks) and in the second group, (Group 2)(n = 28), patients received splint treatment(every night for 6 weeks) alone. The patients were assessed by using visual analog scale(VAS) for pain, electroneuromyography(ENMG), the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire(BCTSQ), hand grip strength(HGS), finger grip strength(FGS), and Short Form-12(SF-12). The data were obtained before treatment(W0), immediately after treatment(W2), and one month after treatment(W6). Both in Group 1 and 2, there was a statistically significant improvement in all the evaluation parameters at W2 and W6 when compared to W0(p < 0.05). Comparison of the groups with each other revealed significantly better results for VAS, BCTSQ, mSNCV, SF-12 in Group 1 than in Group 2 at W2(p < 0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference in favor of Group 1 for VAS, BCTSQ, FGS and MCS at W6 when compared to W0 (p < 0.05). The results of our study demonstrated that in patients with CTS; peloid + splint treatment was more effective than splint treatment alone in pain, functionality and life quality both at after treatment(W2) and one month after treatment (W6). We may suggest peloid as a supplementary therapeutic agent in CTS.

Introduction: We aimed to assess central and peripheral nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without any neurological signs and symptoms by performing electrophysiological investigations. Methods: Thirty-eight SLE patients and 35 healthy volunteers participated in this study. Peripheral nerve conduction and brainstem reflexes were evaluated by performing nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and blink reflex (BR) and masseter inhibitory reflex (MIR) recordings. Results: Eleven patients (29%) had an abnormality in at least 1 NCS parameter, and 1 (2.6%) patient was diagnosed with polyneuropathy. The number of patients with abnormal BR and MIR was 23 (60.5%) and 14 (37%), respectively. The contralateral R2 latency of BR and the silent period 1 (SP1) latency of MIR were significantly prolonged in the patients compared with the controls (p=0.015 and p

According to the WHO, peripheral nerve injuries make up to 8-10% of the total morbidity and up to 50% of the disorders of the nervous system. The problem of peripheral nervous system disorders is one of the most important in today’s neurology. Patients with these disorders comprise 65-70% of all patients in neurological departments of hospitals. The prevalence is high among working population. Disorders of the peripheral nervous system account for 76% of all cases of temporary disability, which proves social significance of the problem.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Neuropathic pain is defined as pain induced by injury or disease involving the somatosensory system. Dysfunctions in anatomic regions responsible for the processing of pain may involve peripheral and central nervous system components. A careful history and clinical evaluation with special attention to neurologic propaedeutics are critical for the syndromic, anatomic and etiologic diagnosis of neuropathic pain. However, diagnosis is not always simple and often depends on additional tests. This chapter aimed at reviewing most commonly used additional tests in the clinical practice to help diagnosing neuropathic pain. CONTENTS: Electroneuromyography is primarily indicated for topographic, etiologic and prognostic diagnosis of peripheral nervous system diseases and for the differential diagnosis between neurogenic, myopathic and neuromuscular junction diseases. It gives real time information on what is going on in the nerve and the muscle, being fundamentally important for differential neuromuscular disease diagnosis. Some imaging methods, such as computerized tomography and magnetic resonance, for their spatial resolution, give details of anatomic structures. Other methods, such as positron emission tomography scan and functional magnetic resonance, in addition to anatomic details, also provide data on metabolic and functional measurements. In addition, imaging techniques such as spectroscopy and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance, allow the study of brain biochemical changes and conectivities with different temporal and spatial resolutions. Other additional tests, such as sensory quantification test and microneurography are seldom used in the clinical practice. CONCLUSION: Additional tests, together with careful history and neurological evaluation focused on neurologic propaedeutics, may provide important data for the diagnosis of neuropathic pain and are often used in the clinical practice. RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Dor neuropática é definida como a dor causada por lesão ou doença envolvendo o sistema somatossensitivo. Disfunções em regiões anatômicas responsáveis pelo processamento da dor podem envolver componentes do sistema nervoso periférico e central. Uma anamnese cuidadosa e um exame clínico com particular atenção na propedêutica neurológica são fundamentais para o diagnóstico sindrômico, anatômico e etiológico das dores neuropáticas. Entretanto, o diagnóstico nem sempre é simples e frequentemente depende do auxílio de exames complementares. O objetivo deste capítulo foi rever os exames complementares mais usados na prática clínica para o auxílio diagnóstico na dor neuropática. CONTEÚDO: O exame eletroneuromiográfico tem sua principal indicação no diagnóstico topográfico, etiológico e prognóstico das afecções do sistema nervoso periférico e no diagnóstico diferencial entre afecções neurogênicas, miopáticas e da junção neuromuscular. Ele pode fornecer informações em tempo real do que está ocorrendo no nervo e no músculo, sendo de fundamental importância no diagnóstico diferencial das afecções neuromusculares. Existem várias modalidades não invasivas de estudo por imagem que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico de quadros de dores neuropáticas. Alguns métodos por imagem como a tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética, pela sua resolução espacial, fornecem detalhamento sobre as estruturas anatômicas. Outros métodos como a tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons, ressonância magnética funcional fornecem além do detalhamento anatômico, dados sobre mensurações metabólicas e funcionais. Além disso, técnicas de imagem como espectroscopia e tensor de difusão por ressonância magnética, permitem estudar alterações bioquímicas e conectividades cerebrais com diferentes resoluções temporais e espaciais. Outros exames complementares como teste de quantificação sensitiva e microneurografia são pouco utilizados na prática clínica. CONCLUSÃO: Exames complementares, em conjunto com uma anamnese cuidadosa e exame neurológico focado na propedêutica neurológica, podem fornecer dados importantes para o diagnóstico de dor neuropática e são frequentemente utilizados na prática clínica.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation of the clinical diagnosis of patients referred to the electroneuromyography laboratory with the electrophysiological diagnosis. Material and Method: Eight hundred eighty two patients were enrolled in the study. Their ages, genders, the clinic that referred the patient, the clinical diagnosis, and the electrophysiological results were registered retrospectively and the results were statistically evaluated. Results: Five hundred twenty four of 882 patients enrolled in the study were women, while 358 of them were men. Four hundred hundred ninety nine (56,6%) of the patients were consulted by the Neurology department, 222 (25,2%) patients were consulted by the Neurosurgery deparment, 59 (6,7%) patients were consulted by the Physical medicine and rehabilitation deparment while 61 (6,9%) patients were referred by the Orthopedy department and 41 (4,6%) by other departments. Carpal tunnel syndrome was the most frequent clinical diagnosis (28,7%). Only in a small group of patients symptoms were assessed rather than the clinical diagnosis (2,9%). In 49,1% of the patients, There was correlation between clinical and electrophysiological diagnosis while 44,7% of patients had normal electroneuromyography results. Discussion: The high rate of the normal electroneuromyography tests and the statistically significant discordance of clinical diagnosis of patients with their electrophysiological test results show that, there are inessential electroneuromyography reguests.

Aim: Compression of the median nerve at the wrist is the most frequently observed entrapment neuropathy. The aim of our study was to investigate the accuracy of clinically diagnosed CTS by using electroneuromyography (ENMG). Material and Method: 500 patients who applied to our ENMG laboratory were investigated. 276 CTS(Carpal Tunnel Syndrome) prediagnosed patients were included in the study. Results: There was a concordance between the referral diagnosis and the results of ENMG, in 62.8% of the patients. The ENMG results were normal in 37.2% of the patients. Discussion: There was a low verification rate for the prediagnosis of CTS by ENMG indicating that clinical evaluation alone is inaccurate in the diagnosis of CTS.

Aim To determine whether endovenous laser ablation of incompetent greater saphenous vein causes a detectable impairment in saphenous nerve conduction. Material and methods Thirty-five patients (mean age: 44.78 ± 8.6, male/female ratio: 16/19) who were operated on for incompetent greater saphenous veins, underwent electroneuromyography before and two weeks after the operation. Dysesthesia was questioned as to whether having unpleasant abnormal sensation after the operation. Positive electroneuromyography findings for saphenous nerve injury included a sensory nerve action potential amplitude 5.0 ms. Results Thirty-four patients were available at two-week follow-up. All patients achieved complete proximal closure. Three patients (8.8%) had dysesthesia at two weeks. Mean electroneuromyography values were not significantly different between preoperative and postoperative period. Postoperatively, none of the patients had abnormal sensory nerve action potential or latency onset, whereas nerve conduction velocity decreased below the lower limit in two patients. These two patients were not among those having dysesthesia and they had no other complaints. Conclusion Injury to saphenous nerve seems not likely during endovenous laser ablation of incompetent greater saphenous veins, as evidenced by normal electroneuromyography values found after the operation.

The authors evaluated forty-three patients with clinical suspect of lumbar radiculopathy caused by disk hernia, concerning to clinical semiology, computed tomography and electromyography were studied and their correlations. The clinical semiology was altered in 100,0% of the patients, the computed tomography in 90,7% and the electromyography in 88,7%. The correlation among the three exams didn´t show any prevalency among any of the possible associations. The authors emphasize the importance of clinical semiology, computed tomography and electromyography for a more accurate diagnosis of lumbar radiculopathy following by disk hernia. Os autores estudaram 43 pacientes com suspeita clínica de radiculopatia lombar, causada por hérnia de disco, relacionando os achados da semiologia clínica, tomografia axial computadorizada e eletroneuromiografia, entre si. A semiologia clínica estava alterada em 100,0% dos pacientes, a tomografia axial computadorizada em 90,7% e a eletroneuromiografia em 88,7%. A correlação entre os três exames não mostrou prevalência entre nenhuma associação. Os autores enfatizam a importância da semiologia clínica, tomografia axial computadorizada e eletroneuromiografia para maior exatidão diagnóstica das radiculopatias lombares por hérnia de disco.

В обзоре представлены полученные результаты по эпидемиологии и патогенезу алкогольной полиневропатии. Приведены результаты клинических исследований по данной патологии. Установлено, что полиневропатия развивалась у лиц при суточном (с перерывами) потреблении алкоголя не менее 100 мл этанола. Сделан вывод о том, что полиневропатия возникает у большинства лиц, страдающих хроническим алкоголизмом, и протекает на ранних стадиях клинически бессимптомно, при этом большое значение имеют продолжительность злоупотребления алкоголем и тип употребляемого алкогольного напитка. Показана роль витаминов группы В в комплексном лечении полиневропатий, в том числе алкогольного генеза. Сделан акцент на целесообразности применения препарата Витаксон® — комплексного препарата, содержащего высокие дозы тиамина гидрохлорида, пиридоксина гидрохлорида и цианокобаламина, благодаря которым обеспечивается его высокая клиническая эффективность в терапии алкогольной полиневропатии., В огляді наведені отримані результати з епідеміології і патогенезу алкогольної поліневропатії. Наведено результати клінічних досліджень щодо даної патології. Встановлено, що поліневропатія розвивалася в осіб при добовому (з перервами) споживанні алкоголю не менше 100 мл етанолу. Зроблено висновок про те, що поліневропатія виникає у більшості осіб, які страждають від хронічного алкоголізму, і перебігає на ранніх стадіях клінічно безсимптомно, при цьому велике значення мають тривалість зловживання алкоголем і тип уживаного алкогольного напою. Показана роль вітамінів групи В у комплексному лікуванні поліневропатій, у тому числі алкогольного генезу. Зроблено акцент на доцільності застосування препарату Вітаксон® — комплексного препарату, що містить високі дози тіаміну гідрохлориду, піридоксину гідрохлориду та ціанокобаламіну, завдяки яким забезпечується його висока клінічна ефективність у терапії алкогольної поліневропатії., The paper deals with the results of the investigation of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of alcohol-associated polyneuropathy. There are presented the results of clinical studies on this pathology. The polyneuropathy was found to develop in persons abused ethanol not less than 100 ml a day. It was concluded that polyneuropathy occurs mostly in persons with chronic alcoholism and is asymptomic on early stages. At that the duration of alcohol abuse and kind of drink play a significant role. The complex of B vitamins was shown to be of a great importance for polyneuropathy treatment, including alcohol-associated ones. It was emphasized on using Vitaxon® with a high clinical efficacy in alcohol-associated polyneuropathies treatment due to high doses of thiamine hydrochloride, pyridoxine hydrochloride and cyanocobalamine.

Objectives: Diabetic polyneuropathy is the most common and disabled complication of diabetes mellitus. Pharmacological treatment of diabetic neuropathy is limited because of the side efects of the drugs, used in the treatment of diabetic neuropthy. Alternative treatments are also used in diabetic neuropathy. Systemic side effects of non-pharmacological treatment modalities are rare. We evaluated the value of pulsed electromagnetic field treatment in patients with pain due to diabetic polyneuropathy. Patients and Methods: Symptomatic 95 patients were included in the study, and from these patients, 25 patients were randomized in pulsed electromagnetic field treatment group and 25 patients were randomized in placebo group. Pulsed electromagnetic field device was applied over both feet of the patients for one hour a day (during 10 days). Visual analog scale and neuropathic pain scale of all patients were performed before and after treatment and 6th week. Electroneuromyography was also performed before treatment and 6th week. Results: Improvement of pain determined by visual analog scale was 53% after treatment and 67% six weeks later. The improvement of visual analog scale scores were statistically significant in study group when compared with control subjects. Conclusion: The pulsed electromagnetic field may be an alternative treatment modality in diabetic patients with neuropathic pain. Amaç: Diyabetik periferik nöropati, diyabetin en sık görülen ve özürlülüğe neden olan komplikasyonudur. Nöropatik ağrı sıklıkla çoklu farmakolojik tedaviye dirençlidir ve bu ajanların yan etkileri kullanımlarını sınırlar. Nöropatik ağrı tedavisinde farklı alternatif tedaviler araştırılmaktadır. Nonfarmakolojik tedavilerin sistemik yan etkileri düşüktür. Bu rasgele seçilmiş, plasebo kontrollü çalışmada, dirençli diyabetik nöropatik ağrıda puls elektromanyetik alan tedavisinin etkinliği araştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, rasgele ayrılan, 25 puls elektromanyetik alan tedavisi (PEMF) ve 25 plasebo grubunda olmak üzere 50 hastayla tamamlandı. Tedavi grubundaki hastaların her iki ayağına on ardışık gün ve günde 1 saat PEMF uygulandı. Olguların tedaviden önce, sonra ve 6. haftadaki kontrollerinde vizüel analog skala ve nöropatik ağrı skala değerlendirmeleri yapıldı. Elektronöromiyografi tetkikleri, tedaviden önce ve 6. hafta kontrollerinde değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda, vizüel analog skala ile yapılan ağrı değerlendirmesinde tedavi sonunda %53, kontrol değerlendirmesinde %67 iyileşme saptandı. Nöropatik ağrı skalası farklı verilerinde saptanan düzelme, tedavi grubunda plasebo grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. Sinir ileti hızı çalışmalarında iki grup verileri arasında anlamlı istatistiksel fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: Puls elektromanyetik alan tedavisi, ağrı skorları ve polinöropati semptomları üzerindeki olumlu etkileri ile diyabetik nöropatik ağrı tedavisinde alternatif bir seçenek olarak düşünülebilir., Amaç: Diyabetik periferik nöropati, diyabetin en sık görülen ve özürlülüğe neden olan komplikasyonudur. Nöropatik ağrı sıklıkla çoklu farmakolojik tedaviye dirençlidir ve bu ajanların yan etkileri kullanımlarını sınırlar. Nöropatik ağrı tedavisinde farklı alternatif tedaviler araştırılmaktadır. Nonfarmakolojik tedavilerin sistemik yan etkileri düşüktür. Bu rasgele seçilmiş, plasebo kontrollü çalışmada, dirençli diyabetik nöropatik ağrı- da puls elektromanyetik alan tedavisinin etkinliği araştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, rasgele ayrılan, 25 puls elektromanyetik alan tedavisi (PEMF) ve 25 plasebo grubunda olmak üzere 50 hastayla tamamlandı. Tedavi grubundaki hastaların her iki ayağına on ardışık gün ve günde 1 saat PEMF uygulandı. Olguların tedaviden önce, sonra ve 6. haftadaki kontrollerinde vizüel analog skala ve nöropatik ağrı skala değerlendirmeleri yapıldı. Elektronöromiyografi tetkikleri, tedaviden önce ve 6. hafta kontrollerinde değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda, vizüel analog skala ile yapılan ağrı değerlendirmesinde tedavi sonunda %53, kontrol değerlendirmesinde %67 iyileşme saptandı. Nöropatik ağrı skalası farklı verilerinde saptanan düzelme, tedavi grubunda plasebo grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. Sinir ileti hızı çalışmalarında iki grup verileri arasında anlamlı istatistiksel fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: Puls elektromanyetik alan tedavisi, ağrı skorları ve polinöropati semptomları üzerindeki olumlu etkileri ile diyabetik nöropatik ağrı tedavisinde alternatif bir seçenek olarak düşünülebilir.

Purpose: It was planned to document the results of our clinic electroneuromyography (ENMG) examination at the most frequently observed entrapment neuropathy . Material and Method: In the last 24 months, who applied to ENMG laboratory of Harran University Faculty of Medicine, 1196 patients with an initial diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) were included in the study retrospectively. Results: The result of the electrophysiological examination 520 (43.5%) cases were reported as normal. 676 (56.5%) patients (296 light and 285 medium and 95 severe) were determined of CTS by electrophysiological examination. Discussion: Normally result in a rate of 43.5% of initial diagnosis of the CTS by EMG, demonstrates the importance of sufficient time and more careful clinical assessment. However, EMG maintains its position the diagnosis of CTS and similar clinical situations, treatment and assessment of prognosis., Giriş: En sık görülen tuzak nöropati olan karpal tünel sendromu elektronöromiyografi (ENMG) sonuçlarının retrospektif taranarak sonuçların irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: 24 aylık süreçte EMG laboaratuarına Karpal Tünel Sendrom (KTS) ön tanısı ile başvuran 1196 hasta çalışmaya alınmıştır. Bulgular: Elektrofizyolojik inceleme sonucunda 520 (%43,5) olgu normal olarak değerlendirilirken, 676 (%56,5)"sında karpal tünel sendromunu destekler bulgular (n:296- hafif, n:285-orta ve n:95- ağır düzeyde) saptanmıştır. Sonuç: KTS ön tanısı ile elektrofizyoloji laboratuarına refere edilen olguların % 43,5"ünde normal elektrofizyolojik bulgular elde edilmesi hastalara yeterli süre ayrılarak daha dikkatli klinik değerlendirme yapmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır.