381 results on '"SANTAMARIA E"'
Search Results
202. Randomized comparative double-blind study assessing the difference between topically applied microbiome supporting skincare versus conventional skincare on the facial microbiome in correlation to biophysical skin parameters.
- Author
-
Santamaria E, Åkerström U, Berger-Picard N, Lataste S, and Gillbro JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Double-Blind Method, Face, Skin Care, Bacteria genetics, Skin microbiology, Microbiota
- Abstract
Background: There are trillions of live bacteria, of around 1000 different species, living in human skin which are considered essential for the balance and barrier function of the skin. The gut microbiome has been a subject of extensive research and evidence shows that the gut flora is affected by preservatives and processed foods. In conventional skincare, preservatives are used, and this raises the question of how it affects the skin flora and its balance., Methods: A randomized double-blind study on 14 healthy volunteers ages 23-45 years old were advised to use microbiome-supporting (MS) products on one cheek and benchmark (BM) products on the other cheek daily for 3 weeks. To investigate how the skin was affected, the skin microbiome was analysed using 16 S rRNA sequencing and biophysical parameters were assessed using an Antera 3D camera. Measurements were performed before and after the 3 weeks of using the products., Results: The use of MS products for 3 weeks significantly increased the total number of reads mapped to unique bacterial species (p < 0.05) and the number of different unique species (p < 0.05). In addition, the use of MS products significantly reduced redness (p < 0.05) and improved skin texture (p < 0.01). The use of BM products showed no significant difference in any of the parameters except improved skin texture (p < 0.05). Additionally, the MS side showed a significantly improved diversity (p < 0.05) compared with the BM side. The four major phyla found were, similarly to previous findings by others, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Some of the most prevalent species were Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudonomas aeruginosa., Conclusion: The findings of this study showed significant improvements in the microbiome and biophysical parameters within 3 weeks of using MS skincare alone, while BM skincare only gave significantly improved skin roughness. Importantly, the MS side gave a significantly improved bacterial Shannon diversity (p < 0.05) compared with the BM side. Regarding the biophysical parameters, the MS skincare gave significant improvements in several parameters compared with baseline. However, they were not yet significant when compared to using BM skincare and therefore a larger study population will be needed. Importantly, this is the first study to investigate how preservatives affect the facial microbiome in vivo and has raised a need for further investigation. These results together with further studies can lead to innovations within the cosmetic industry that promote healthier skin., (© 2022 Society of Cosmetic Scientists and Societe Francaise de Cosmetologie.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
203. The Regulators of Peroxisomal Acyl-Carnitine Shuttle CROT and CRAT Promote Metastasis in Melanoma.
- Author
-
Lasheras-Otero I, Feliu I, Maillo A, Moreno H, Redondo-Muñoz M, Aldaz P, Bocanegra A, Olias-Arjona A, Lecanda F, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Larrayoz IM, Gomez-Cabrero D, Wellbrock C, Vicent S, and Arozarena I
- Subjects
- Mice, Animals, Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase genetics, Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase metabolism, Carnitine Acyltransferases genetics, Carnitine Acyltransferases metabolism, Ranolazine, Oxidation-Reduction, Fatty Acids metabolism, Carnitine metabolism, Neoplastic Cells, Circulating, Melanoma drug therapy
- Abstract
Circulating tumor cells are the key link between a primary tumor and distant metastases, but once in the bloodstream, loss of adhesion induces cell death. To identify the mechanisms relevant for melanoma circulating tumor cell survival, we performed RNA sequencing and discovered that detached melanoma cells and isolated melanoma circulating tumor cells rewire lipid metabolism by upregulating fatty acid (FA) transport and FA beta-oxidation‒related genes. In patients with melanoma, high expression of FA transporters and FA beta-oxidation enzymes significantly correlates with reduced progression-free and overall survival. Among the highest expressed regulators in melanoma circulating tumor cells were the carnitine transferases carnitine O-octanoyltransferase and carnitine acetyltransferase, which control the shuttle of peroxisome-derived medium-chain FAs toward mitochondria to fuel mitochondrial FA beta-oxidation. Knockdown of carnitine O-octanoyltransferase or carnitine acetyltransferase and short-term treatment with peroxisomal or mitochondrial FA beta-oxidation inhibitors thioridazine or ranolazine suppressed melanoma metastasis in mice. Carnitine O-octanoyltransferase and carnitine acetyltransferase depletion could be rescued by medium-chain FA supplementation, indicating that the peroxisomal supply of FAs is crucial for the survival of nonadherent melanoma cells. Our study identifies targeting the FA-based cross-talk between peroxisomes and mitochondria as a potential therapeutic opportunity to challenge melanoma progression. Moreover, the discovery of the antimetastatic activity of the Food and Drug Administration‒approved drug ranolazine carries translational potential., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
204. Personalized dietary advices provided by a dietitian increase calcium intake in outpatients with multiple sclerosis-Results from a randomized, controlled, single-blind trial.
- Author
-
Fiorella S, Agherbi H, El Houjeiry E, Castelnovo G, Renard D, Privat P, Santamaria E, Vallayer V, Alonso S, Chevallier T, Bancal C, Laurent-Chabalier S, and Thouvenot E
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with osteoporosis, possibly due to neurological disability and decreased calcium intake. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a personalized nutritional advice program by a dietitian compared to the delivery of a standard advice form to optimize dietary calcium intake in outpatients with MS., Methods: We performed a randomized, controlled, parallel trial comparing the efficacy of a personalized dietary advice (PDA) program to standard advice form (SAF) to increase daily calcium intake in MS patients. The study population was composed by patients with relapsing-remitting MS aged 18-69 years old. PDA program consisted in dietary advice delivered by a dietitian at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Calcium and nutrient intake in patients from both groups was evaluated at baseline and 6 months using a dietary survey., Results: Of the 194 patients screened for inclusion, 182 patients were included (79% female, median age of 42 years, and median EDSS of 2.0), and randomized to SAF ( n = 92) or PDA ( n = 90). At 6 months, median calcium intake increased by 241 mg/day in the PDA group and decreased by 120 mg/day in the SAF group ( p < 0.0001). However, the median calcium intake was 947 mg/day in the SAF group and 778 mg/day in the PDA group at baseline ( p = 0.0077), potentially favoring the effect of dietary advice. Complementary analyses focusing on patients with insufficient calcium intakes at baseline revealed comparable values in both groups ( p = 0.69). Of those, patients included in the PDA group obtained significantly higher calcium intakes at 6 months than patients from the SAF group ( p = 0.0086) independently of EDSS, PASAT, HADS and EQ-5D scores., Conclusion: This work shows the efficacy of dietary management based on personalized advice program over 3 months to durably increase calcium consumption in MS patients with insufficient calcium intake., Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02664623., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Fiorella, Agherbi, El Houjeiry, Castelnovo, Renard, Privat, Santamaria, Vallayer, Alonso, Chevallier, Bancal, Laurent-Chabalier and Thouvenot.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
205. FOXP3 expression diversifies the metabolic capacity and enhances the efficacy of CD8 T cells in adoptive immunotherapy of melanoma.
- Author
-
Conde E, Casares N, Mancheño U, Elizalde E, Vercher E, Capozzi R, Santamaria E, Rodriguez-Madoz JR, Prosper F, Lasarte JJ, Lozano T, and Hervas-Stubbs S
- Subjects
- Humans, Glucose metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, Forkhead Transcription Factors genetics, Forkhead Transcription Factors metabolism, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Melanoma therapy
- Abstract
Regulatory T cells overwhelm conventional T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) thanks to a FOXP3-driven metabolic program that allows them to engage different metabolic pathways. Using a melanoma model of adoptive T cell therapy (ACT), we show that FOXP3 overexpression in mature CD8 T cells improved their antitumor efficacy, favoring their tumor recruitment, proliferation, and cytotoxicity. FOXP3-overexpressing (Foxp3UP) CD8 T cells exhibited features of tissue-resident memory-like and effector T cells, but not suppressor activity. Transcriptomic analysis of tumor-infiltrating Foxp3UP CD8 T cells showed positive enrichment in a wide variety of metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, fatty acid (FA) metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Intratumoral Foxp3UP CD8 T cells exhibited an enhanced capacity for glucose and FA uptake as well as accumulation of intracellular lipids. Interestingly, Foxp3UP CD8 T cells compensated for the loss of mitochondrial respiration-driven ATP production by activating aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, in limiting nutrient conditions these cells engaged FA oxidation to drive OXPHOS for their energy demands. Importantly, their ability to couple glycolysis and OXPHOS allowed them to sustain proliferation under glucose restriction. Our findings demonstrate a hitherto unknown role for FOXP3 in the adaptation of CD8 T cells to TME that may enhance their efficacy in ACT., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
206. Docosahexaenoic Acid Ameliorates Contextual Fear Memory Deficits in the Tg2576 Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model: Cellular and Molecular Correlates.
- Author
-
Badesso S, Cartas-Cejudo P, Espelosin M, Santamaria E, Cuadrado-Tejedor M, and Garcia-Osta A
- Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain, is essential for successful aging. In fact, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that increased intake of DHA might lower the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). These observations are supported by studies in animal models showing that DHA reduces synaptic pathology and memory deficits. Different mechanisms to explain these beneficial effects have been proposed; however, the molecular pathways involved are still unknown. In this study, to unravel the main underlying molecular mechanisms activated upon DHA treatment, the effect of a high dose of DHA on cognitive function and AD pathology was analyzed in aged Tg2576 mice and their wild-type littermates. Transcriptomic analysis of mice hippocampi using RNA sequencing was subsequently performed. Our results revealed that, through an amyloid-independent mechanism, DHA enhanced memory function and increased synapse formation only in the Tg2576 mice. Likewise, the IPA analysis demonstrated that essential neuronal functions related to synaptogenesis, neuritogenesis, the branching of neurites, the density of dendritic spines and the outgrowth of axons were upregulated upon-DHA treatment in Tg2576 mice. Our results suggest that memory function in APP mice is influenced by DHA intake; therefore, a high dose of daily DHA should be tested as a dietary supplement for AD dementia prevention.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
207. Indications and risk assessment of endoscopic examinations in elderly or frail people. Position paper of the Societat Catalana de Digestologia, the Societat Catalana de Geriatria i Gerontologia and the Societat Catalana de Medicina de Família i Comunitària.
- Author
-
Riba Porquet F, Guarner-Argente C, Solanes Cabus M, Francia Santamaria E, Garcia-Iglesias P, Machlab Machlab S, Mascort Roca J, Mendive Arbeola JM, Ortiz Seuma J, and Calvet Calvo X
- Subjects
- Humans, Aged, Risk Assessment, Frail Elderly
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
208. New In Vivo Approach to Broaden the Thioredoxin Family Interactome in Chloroplasts.
- Author
-
Ancín M, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Larraya L, Fernández-San Millán A, Veramendi J, and Farran I
- Abstract
Post-translational redox modifications provide an important mechanism for the control of major cellular processes. Thioredoxins (Trxs), which are key actors in this regulatory mechanism, are ubiquitous proteins that catalyse thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. In chloroplasts, Trx f, Trx m and NADPH-dependent Trx reductase C (NTRC) have been identified as transmitters of the redox signal by transferring electrons to downstream target enzymes. The number of characterised Trx targets has greatly increased in the last few years, but most of them were determined using in vitro procedures lacking isoform specificity. With this background, we have developed a new in vivo approach based on the overexpression of His-tagged single-cysteine mutants of Trx f, Trx m or NTRC into Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The over-expressed mutated Trxs, capable of forming a stable mixed disulfide bond with target proteins in plants, were immobilised on affinity columns packed with Ni-NTA agarose, and the covalently linked targets were eluted with dithiothreitol and identified by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The in vivo approach allowed identification of 6, 9 and 42 new potential targets for Trx f, Trx m and NTRC, respectively, and an apparent specificity between NTRC and Trxs was achieved. Functional analysis showed that these targets are involved in several cellular processes., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funding organisations had no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to publish the results.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
209. α-Synuclein molecular behavior and nigral proteomic profiling distinguish subtypes of Lewy body disorders.
- Author
-
Martinez-Valbuena I, Swinkin E, Santamaria E, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Sackmann V, Kim A, Li J, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Kuhlman G, Bhowmick SS, Visanji NP, Lang AE, and Kovacs GG
- Subjects
- Disease Progression, Humans, Lewy Bodies metabolism, Lewy Bodies pathology, Proteomics methods, Lewy Body Disease metabolism, Lewy Body Disease pathology, Substantia Nigra metabolism, alpha-Synuclein metabolism
- Abstract
Lewy body disorders (LBD), characterized by the deposition of misfolded α-synuclein (α-Syn), are clinically heterogeneous. Although the distribution of α-Syn correlates with the predominant clinical features, the burden of pathology does not fully explain the observed variability in clinical presentation and rate of disease progression. We hypothesized that this heterogeneity might reflect α-Syn molecular diversity, between both patients and different brain regions. Using an ultra-sensitive assay, we evaluated α-Syn seeding in 8 brain regions from 30 LBD patients with different clinical phenotypes and disease durations. Comparing seeding across the clinical phenotypes revealed that hippocampal α-Syn from patients with a cognitive-predominant phenotype had significantly higher seeding capacity than that derived from patients with a motor-predominant phenotype, whose nigral-derived α-Syn in turn had higher seeding capacity than that from cognitive-predominant patients. Interestingly, α-Syn from patients with rapid disease progression (< 3 years to development of advanced disease) had the highest nigral seeding capacity of all the patients included. To validate these findings and explore factors underlying seeding heterogeneity, we performed in vitro toxicity assays, and detailed neuropathological and biochemical examinations. Furthermore, and for the first time, we performed a proteomic-wide profiling of the substantia nigra from 5 high seeder and 5 low seeder patients. The proteomic data suggests a significant disruption in mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism in high seeder cases compared to the low seeders. These observations suggest that distinct molecular populations of α-Syn may contribute to heterogeneity in phenotypes and progression rates in LBD and imply that effective therapeutic strategies might need to be directed at an ensemble of differently misfolded α-Syn species, with the relative contribution of their differing impacts accounting for heterogeneity in the neurodegenerative process., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
210. Striatal synaptic bioenergetic and autophagic decline in premotor experimental parkinsonism.
- Author
-
Merino-Galán L, Jimenez-Urbieta H, Zamarbide M, Rodríguez-Chinchilla T, Belloso-Iguerategui A, Santamaria E, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Aiastui A, Doudnikoff E, Bézard E, Ouro A, Knafo S, Gago B, Quiroga-Varela A, and Rodríguez-Oroz MC
- Subjects
- Animals, Autophagy, Corpus Striatum metabolism, Dopamine metabolism, Dopaminergic Neurons metabolism, Energy Metabolism, Rats, alpha-Synuclein metabolism, Parkinson Disease, Parkinsonian Disorders metabolism
- Abstract
Synaptic impairment might precede neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease. However, the intimate mechanisms altering synaptic function by the accumulation of presynaptic α-synuclein in striatal dopaminergic terminals before dopaminergic death occurs, have not been elucidated. Our aim is to unravel the sequence of synaptic functional and structural changes preceding symptomatic dopaminergic cell death. As such, we evaluated the temporal sequence of functional and structural changes at striatal synapses before parkinsonian motor features appear in a rat model of progressive dopaminergic death induced by overexpression of the human mutated A53T α-synuclein in the substantia nigra pars compacta, a protein transported to these synapses. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra proteomics identified deregulated proteins involved first in energy metabolism and later, in vesicle cycling and autophagy. After protein deregulation and when α-synuclein accumulated at striatal synapses, alterations to mitochondrial bioenergetics were observed using a Seahorse XF96 analyser. Sustained dysfunctional mitochondrial bioenergetics was followed by a decrease in the number of dopaminergic terminals, morphological and ultrastructural alterations, and an abnormal accumulation of autophagic/endocytic vesicles inside the remaining dopaminergic fibres was evident by electron microscopy. The total mitochondrial population remained unchanged whereas the number of ultrastructurally damaged mitochondria increases as the pathological process evolved. We also observed ultrastructural signs of plasticity within glutamatergic synapses before the expression of motor abnormalities, such as a reduction in axospinous synapses and an increase in perforated postsynaptic densities. Overall, we found that a synaptic energetic failure and accumulation of dysfunctional organelles occur sequentially at the dopaminergic terminals as the earliest events preceding structural changes and cell death. We also identify key proteins involved in these earliest functional abnormalities that may be modulated and serve as therapeutic targets to counterbalance the degeneration of dopaminergic cells to delay or prevent the development of Parkinson's disease., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
211. International Residents' Perspectives on Education and Challenges in Microsurgery Training.
- Author
-
Tang CQY, S BS, Rugiero C, Heredia RBP, Kearns M, Huang TCT, Shaker MM, Glasbrenner J, Mehdizade T, Panse N, Santamaria E, Chen C, and Jerome JTJ
- Abstract
Objective Microsurgery remains an integral component of the surgical skillset and is essential for a diversity of reconstructive procedures. The apprenticeship also requires overcoming a steep learning curve, among many challenges. The method of microsurgical training differs depending on the countries' regions and resources of their health care system. Methods The Journal of Hand and Microsurgery leadership held an international webinar on June 19, 2021, consisting of a panel of residents from 10 countries and moderated by eminent panelists. This inaugural event aimed to share different experiences of microsurgery training on a global scale, identifying challenges to accessing and delivering training. Results Residents shared various structures and modes of microsurgical education worldwide. Areas of discussion also included microsurgical laboratory training, simulation training, knowledge sharing, burnout among trainees, and challenges for female residents in microsurgical training. Conclusion Microsurgical proficiency is attained through deliberate and continued practice, and there is a strong emphasis globally on training and guidance. However, much remains to be done to improve microsurgical training and start acting on the various challenges raised by residents. Level of Evidence Level V., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest None declared., (Society of Indian Hand Surgery & Microsurgeons. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
212. Arbovirus vectors in municipalities with a high risk of dengue in Cauca, Southwestern Colombia.
- Author
-
Marceló-Díaz C, Morales CA, Lesmes MC, Fuya P, Mendez SA, Cadena H, Ávila-Díaz A, and Santamaria E
- Abstract
The Culicidae family has two of the most important disease vector genus: Aedes spp. and Culex spp. Both of these are involved in the transmission of arboviruses. Here, we provide novel data for the geographical distribution of 2,383 specimens in the Culicidae family. We also report the percentage of houses infested with these vectors, and Shannon and Simpson diversity indices in three municipalities located in Cauca, Colombia. This dataset is relevant for research on vector-borne diseases because Aedes spp. can transmit arboviruses such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya, and Culex spp. is a well-known vector of West Nile virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
213. Why Should Face-to-Face Meetings Need to Resume?
- Author
-
Santamaria E
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest E.S. is an editorial board member of the journal but was not involved in the peer reviewer selection, evaluation, or decision process of this article. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
214. Current Perspectives and Concerns Facing Hospital Evacuation: The Results of a Pilot Study and Literature Review.
- Author
-
Khorram-Manesh A, Phattharapornjaroen P, Mortelmans LJ, Goniewicz K, Verheul M, Sörensen JL, Pereira I, Ricklin ME, Faccincani R, Dark PM, Carlström E, Ahmadi Marzaleh M, Peyravi MR, Al Sultan M, Santamaria E, Comandante JD, and Burkle F
- Subjects
- Humans, Netherlands, Pilot Projects, Disaster Planning, Hospitals
- Abstract
Objective: To analyze the evacuation preparedness of hospitals within the European Union (EU)., Method: This study consisted of 2 steps. In the first step, a systematic review of the subject matter, according to the PRISMA flow diagram, was performed. Using Scopus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands), PubMed (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD), and Gothenburg University´s search engine, 11 questions were extracted from the review and were sent to representatives from 15 European Union (EU)- and non-EU countries., Results: The findings indicate that there is neither a full preparedness nor a standard guideline for evacuation within the EU or other non-EU countries in this study. A major shortcoming revealed by this study is the lack of awareness of the untoward consequences of medical decision-making during an evacuation. Some countries did not respond to the questions due to the lack of relevant guidelines, instructions, or time., Conclusion: Hospitals are exposed to internal and external incidents and require an adequate evacuation plan. Despite many publications, reports, and conclusions on successful and unsuccessful evacuation, there is still no common guide for evacuation, and many hospitals lack the proper preparedness. There is a need for a multinational collaboration, specifically within the EU, to establish such an evacuation planning or guideline to be used mutually within the union and the international community.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
215. Situation of snakebite, antivenom market and access to antivenoms in ASEAN countries.
- Author
-
Patikorn C, Ismail AK, Abidin SAZ, Blanco FB, Blessmann J, Choumlivong K, Comandante JD, Doan UV, Mohamed Ismail Z, Khine YY, Maharani T, Nwe MT, Qamruddin RM, Safferi RS, Santamaria E, Tiglao PJG, Trakulsrichai S, Vasaruchapong T, Chaiyakunapruk N, Taychakhoonavudh S, and Othman I
- Subjects
- Humans, Neglected Diseases epidemiology, Philippines, Public Health, Antivenins therapeutic use, Snake Bites drug therapy, Snake Bites epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease posing public health challenges globally. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries are among the tropical regions with disproportionately high incidence of snakebite. Hence, this study aimed to review the situation of snakebite, antivenom market and access to antivenoms in ASEAN., Methods: This mixed-methods study included comprehensive literature review and in-depth interviews with key informants to assess the situation of management system of snakebite, antivenom market and access to antivenoms in seven ASEAN countries, including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Lao PDR and Myanmar. Data were analysed by a framework method., Results: ASEAN have developed various strategies to improve outcomes of snakebite victims. Five domestic antivenom manufacturers in the region produce up to 288 375 vials of antivenoms annually with the value of US$13 058 053 million which could treat 42 213 snakebite victims. However, there remain challenges to be addressed especially the lack of snakebite-related informatics system, inadequate antivenoms at the healthcare facilities and when the majority of snakebite victims seek traditional healers instead of conventional treatment., Conclusion: Improving the situation of snakebite and antivenom is not only about the availability of antivenom, but the whole landscape of surrounding management and supporting system. The assessment of the situation of snakebite and antivenom is crucial for countries or regions where snakebites are prevalent to recognise their current standpoint to inform the development of strategies to achieve the goal set by the WHO of halving the global burden of snakebite by 2030., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
216. Amyloid-Driven Tau Accumulation on Mitochondria Potentially Leads to Cognitive Deterioration in Alzheimer's Disease.
- Author
-
Cuadrado-Tejedor M, Pérez-González M, Alfaro-Ruiz R, Badesso S, Sucunza D, Espelosin M, Ursúa S, Lachen-Montes M, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Luján R, and García-Osta A
- Subjects
- Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor physiology, Animals, Cognition Disorders etiology, Cognition Disorders metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Mitochondria metabolism, Phosphorylation, Presenilin-1 physiology, Synapses, tau Proteins genetics, Alzheimer Disease complications, Amyloid beta-Peptides adverse effects, Cognition Disorders pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Mitochondria pathology, tau Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Despite the well-accepted role of the two main neuropathological markers (β-amyloid and tau) in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, the interaction and specific contribution of each of them is not fully elucidated. To address this question, in the present study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV9) carrying the mutant P301L form of human tau , was injected into the dorsal hippocampi of APP/PS1 transgenic mice or wild type mice (WT). Three months after injections, memory tasks, biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. We found that the overexpression of hTauP301L accelerates memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice, but it did not affect memory function of WT mice. Likewise, biochemical assays showed that only in the case of APP/PS1-hTauP301L injected mice, an important accumulation of tau was observed in the insoluble urea fraction. Similarly, electron microscopy images revealed that numerous clusters of tau immunoparticles appear at the dendrites of APP/PS1 injected mice and not in WT animals, suggesting that the presence of amyloid is necessary to induce tau aggregation. Interestingly, these tau immunoparticles accumulate in dendritic mitochondria in the APP/PS1 mice, whereas most of mitochondria in WT injected mice remain free of tau immunoparticles. Taken together, it seems that amyloid induces tau aggregation and accumulation in the dendritic mitochondria and subsequently may alter synapse function, thus, contributing to accelerate cognitive decline in APP/PS1 mice.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
217. Seven steps to deliver a low-cost, efficient, and high-impact online plastic surgery course during COVID-19 confinement: master series microsurgery for residents' experience.
- Author
-
Santamaria E, Nahás-Combina L, Altamirano-Arcos C, and Vargas-Flores E
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
218. A Proteomic Atlas of Lineage and Cancer-Polarized Expression Modules in Myeloid Cells Modeling Immunosuppressive Tumor-Infiltrating Subsets.
- Author
-
Blanco E, Ibañez-Vea M, Hernandez C, Drici L, Martínez de Morentin X, Gato M, Ausin K, Bocanegra A, Zuazo M, Chocarro L, Arasanz H, Fernandez-Hinojal G, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Smerdou C, Garnica M, Echaide M, Fernandez L, Morente P, Ramos-Castellanos P, Llopiz D, Santamaria E, Larsen MR, Escors D, and Kochan G
- Abstract
Monocytic and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells together with tumor-infiltrating macrophages constitute the main tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive myeloid populations. Due to the phenotypic resemblance to conventional myeloid cells, their identification and purification from within the tumors is technically difficult and makes their study a challenge. We differentiated myeloid cells modeling the three main tumor-infiltrating types together with uncommitted macrophages, using ex vivo differentiation methods resembling the tumor microenvironment. The phenotype and proteome of these cells was compared to identify linage-dependent relationships and cancer-specific interactome expression modules. The relationships between monocytic MDSCs and TAMs, monocytic MDSCs and granulocytic MDSCs, and hierarchical relationships of expression networks and transcription factors due to lineage and cancer polarization were mapped. Highly purified immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations that model tumor-infiltrating counterparts were systematically analyzed by quantitative proteomics. Full functional interactome maps have been generated to characterize at high resolution the relationships between the three main myeloid tumor-infiltrating cell types. Our data highlights the biological processes related to each cell type, and uncover novel shared and differential molecular targets. Moreover, the high numbers and fidelity of ex vivo-generated subsets to their natural tumor-shaped counterparts enable their use for validation of new treatments in high-throughput experiments.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
219. Rupatadine Oral Solution Titration by Body Weight in Paediatric Patients Suffering from Allergic Rhinitis: A Population Pharmacokinetic Study.
- Author
-
Santamaria E, Izquierdo I, and Valle M
- Abstract
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic urticaria, both are treated in children with doses of second generation of antihistamines that have been mostly based on extrapolation of data obtained in adults. The objectives of this work were to develop a model to explain the pharmacokinetics (PK) of rupatadine, a second generation antihistamine, administered to children 2-11 years old and to calculate the non-compartmental PK parameters for two groups of age (2-5 and 6-11 years old) based on the individual Bayesian estimates from the selected model., Methods: Data from two PK studies with rupatadine oral solution (1 mg/mL) were pooled: Study A, an extensive blood sampling study performed in 11 children (6-11 years old) who received a single oral dose of rupatadine; and Study B, a sparse blood sampling study in 40 children (2-5 years old) receiving multiple oral doses. A simultaneous population PK model was developed using data available for all children. Using individual Bayesian estimates from the selected model, steady-state plasma concentrations for both studies were simulated and the non-parametric PK parameters were calculated for two age groups: 2-5 years (subgroup I) and 6-11 years (subgroup II)., Results: A two-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination with clearance depending on body weight, better described the PK of rupatadine for 2-11 year old children. The plasma clearance dependence on weight was linear. The mean (SD) non-compartment PK parameters calculated using simulated plasma profiles at steady state were: C
max , 2.54 (1.26) vs 1.96 (0.52) ng/mL; AUC0-24h , 10.74 (3.09) vs 10.38 (4.31) ng/mL/h; and t1/2 , 12.28 (3.09) vs 15.94 (4.09) h, for children 6-11 and 2-5 years old, respectively., Conclusions: The PK of rupatadine depends on the weight of paediatric patients but not on their age. The dosage strategy adjusted by body weight in children 2-11 years old (2.5 mL if weight 10-25 kg, and 5 mL if ≥ 25 kg) provides similar exposure between the two groups of age, and to that obtained in adults with the 10 mg dose tablet formulation., Competing Interests: ES and II were full-time employees at Grupo Uriach at the time the clinical trials were performed. ES is currently affiliated with Novella Clinical Ltd and Marta Valle is currently the scientific director of Clinical Pharmacology, Modeling and Simulation of Parexel International SL. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2021 Santamaria et al.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
220. Epigenetic mechanisms and metabolic reprogramming in fibrogenesis: dual targeting of G9a and DNMT1 for the inhibition of liver fibrosis.
- Author
-
Barcena-Varela M, Paish H, Alvarez L, Uriarte I, Latasa MU, Santamaria E, Recalde M, Garate M, Claveria A, Colyn L, Arechederra M, Iraburu MJ, Milkiewicz M, Milkiewicz P, Sangro B, Robinson SM, French J, Pardo-Saganta A, Oyarzabal J, Prosper F, Rombouts K, Oakley F, Mann J, Berasain C, Avila MA, and G Fernandez-Barrena M
- Subjects
- Animals, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 genetics, Epigenesis, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Histocompatibility Antigens genetics, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase genetics, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis genetics, Liver Cirrhosis metabolism, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transforming Growth Factor beta1 metabolism, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 metabolism, Hepatic Stellate Cells metabolism, Histocompatibility Antigens metabolism, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis etiology
- Abstract
Objective: Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts is central to fibrogenesis. Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone and DNA methylation, play a key role in this process. Concerted action between histone and DNA-mehyltransferases like G9a and DNMT1 is a common theme in gene expression regulation. We aimed to study the efficacy of CM272, a first-in-class dual and reversible G9a/DNMT1 inhibitor, in halting fibrogenesis., Design: G9a and DNMT1 were analysed in cirrhotic human livers, mouse models of liver fibrosis and cultured mouse HSC. G9a and DNMT1 expression was knocked down or inhibited with CM272 in human HSC (hHSC), and transcriptomic responses to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) were examined. Glycolytic metabolism and mitochondrial function were analysed with Seahorse-XF technology. Gene expression regulation was analysed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and methylation-specific PCR. Antifibrogenic activity and safety of CM272 were studied in mouse chronic CCl
4 administration and bile duct ligation (BDL), and in human precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs) in a new bioreactor technology., Results: G9a and DNMT1 were detected in stromal cells in areas of active fibrosis in human and mouse livers. G9a and DNMT1 expression was induced during mouse HSC activation, and TGFβ1 triggered their chromatin recruitment in hHSC. G9a/DNMT1 knockdown and CM272 inhibited TGFβ1 fibrogenic responses in hHSC. TGFβ1-mediated profibrogenic metabolic reprogramming was abrogated by CM272, which restored gluconeogenic gene expression and mitochondrial function through on-target epigenetic effects. CM272 inhibited fibrogenesis in mice and PCLSs without toxicity., Conclusions: Dual G9a/DNMT1 inhibition by compounds like CM272 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating liver fibrosis., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
221. The Development of Swedish Military Healthcare System: Part II-Re-evaluating the Military and Civilian Healthcare Systems in Crises Through a Dialogue and Study Among Practitioners.
- Author
-
Khorram-Manesh A, Burkle FM, Phattharapornjaroen P, Ahmadi Marzaleh M, Sultan MA, Mäntysaari M, Carlström E, Goniewicz K, Santamaria E, Comandante JD, Dobson R, Hreckovski B, Torgersen GE, Mortelmans LJ, de Jong M, and Robinson Y
- Subjects
- COVID-19, Humans, Sweden, Delivery of Health Care organization & administration, Disaster Planning organization & administration, Interprofessional Relations, Intersectoral Collaboration, Military Medicine, Military Personnel
- Abstract
Introduction: Historical changes have transformed Sweden from being an offensive to a defensive and collaborative nation with national and international engagement, allowing it to finally achieve the ground for the civilian-military collaboration and the concept of a total defense healthcare. At the same time, with the decreasing number of international and interstate conflicts, and the military's involvement in national emergencies and humanitarian disaster relief, both the need and the role of the military healthcare system within the civilian society have been challenged. The recent impact of the COVID-19 in the USA and the necessity of military involvement have led health practitioners to anticipate and re-evaluate conditions that might exceed the civilian capacity of their own countries and the need to have collaboration with the military healthcare. This study investigated both these challenges and views from practitioners regarding the benefits of such collaboration and the manner in which it would be initiated., Material and Method: A primary study was conducted among responsive countries using a questionnaire created using the Nominal Group Technique. Relevant search subjects and keywords were extracted for a systematic review of the literature, according to the PRISMA model., Results: The 14 countries responding to the questionnaire had either a well-developed military healthcare system or units created in collaboration with the civilian healthcare. The results from the questionnaire and the literature review indicated a need for transfer of military medical knowledge and resources in emergencies to the civilian health components, which in return, facilitated training opportunities for the military staff to maintain their skills and competencies., Conclusions: As the world witnesses a rapid change in the etiology of disasters and various crises, neither the military nor the civilian healthcare systems can address or manage the outcomes independently. There is an opportunity for both systems to develop future healthcare in collaboration. Rethinking education and training in war and conflict is indisputable. Collaborative educational initiatives in disaster medicine, public health and complex humanitarian emergencies, international humanitarian law, and the Geneva Convention, along with advanced training in competency-based skill sets, should be included in the undergraduate education of health professionals for the benefit of humanity., (© The Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2020.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
222. Identification of a Dexamethasone Mediated Radioprotection Mechanism Reveals New Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Glioblastoma.
- Author
-
Aldaz P, Auzmendi-Iriarte J, Durántez M, Lasheras-Otero I, Carrasco-Garcia E, Zelaya MV, Bragado L, Olías-Arjona A, Egaña L, Samprón N, Morilla I, Redondo-Muñoz M, Rico M, Squatrito M, Maria-Alonso M, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Larráyoz IM, Wellbrock C, Matheu A, and Arozarena I
- Abstract
(1) Background: Despite the indisputable effectiveness of dexamethasone (DEXA) to reduce inflammation in glioblastoma (GBM) patients, its influence on tumour progression and radiotherapy response remains controversial. (2) Methods: We analysed patient data and used expression and cell biological analyses to assess effects of DEXA on GBM cells. We tested the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. (3) Results: We confirm in our patient cohort that administration of DEXA correlates with worse overall survival and shorter time to relapse. In GBM cells and glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) DEXA down-regulates genes controlling G2/M and mitotic-spindle checkpoints, and it enables cells to override the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Concurrently, DEXA up-regulates Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR) signalling, which stimulates expression of anti-apoptotic regulators BCL2L1 and MCL1, required for survival during extended mitosis. Importantly, the protective potential of DEXA is dependent on intact tyrosine kinase signalling and ponatinib, sunitinib and dasatinib, all effectively overcome the radio-protective and pro-proliferative activity of DEXA. Moreover, we discovered that DEXA-induced signalling creates a therapeutic vulnerability for sunitinib in GSCs and GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. (4) Conclusions: Our results reveal a novel DEXA-induced mechanism in GBM cells and provide a rationale for revisiting the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of GBM.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
223. Profound Reprogramming towards Stemness in Pancreatic Cancer Cells as Adaptation to AKT Inhibition.
- Author
-
Arasanz H, Hernández C, Bocanegra A, Chocarro L, Zuazo M, Gato M, Ausin K, Santamaría E, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Fernandez G, Santamaria E, Rodríguez C, Blanco-Luquin I, Vera R, Escors D, and Kochan G
- Abstract
Cancer cells acquire resistance to cytotoxic therapies targeting major survival pathways by adapting their metabolism. The AKT pathway is a major regulator of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression and a key pharmacological target. The mechanisms of adaptation to long-term silencing of AKT isoforms of human and mouse pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer cells were studied. Following silencing, cancer cells remained quiescent for long periods of time, after which they recovered proliferative capacities. Adaptation caused profound proteomic changes largely affecting mitochondrial biogenesis, energy metabolism and acquisition of a number of distinct cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics depending on the AKT isoform that was silenced. The adaptation to AKT1 silencing drove most de-differentiation and acquisition of stemness through C-MYC down-modulation and NANOG upregulation, which were required for survival of adapted CSCs. The changes associated to adaptation sensitized cancer cells to inhibitors targeting regulators of oxidative respiration and mitochondrial biogenesis. In vivo pharmacological co-inhibition of AKT and mitochondrial metabolism effectively controlled pancreatic adenocarcinoma growth in pre-clinical models.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
224. Soluble St2 Induces Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Collagen Synthesis via Neuropilin-1.
- Author
-
Matilla L, Arrieta V, Jover E, Garcia-Peña A, Martinez-Martinez E, Sadaba R, Alvarez V, Navarro A, Fernandez-Celis A, Gainza A, Santamaria E, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Rossignol P, Zannad F, and Lopez-Andres N
- Subjects
- Animals, Blotting, Western, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Male, NF-kappa B metabolism, Proteomics methods, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Collagen metabolism, Fibroblasts metabolism, Myocardium cytology, Myocardium metabolism, Neuropilin-1 metabolism, Receptors, Interleukin-1 metabolism
- Abstract
Circulating levels of soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (sST2) are increased in heart failure and associated with poor outcome, likely because of the activation of inflammation and fibrosis. We investigated the pathogenic role of sST2 as an inductor of cardiac fibroblasts activation and collagen synthesis. The effects of sST2 on human cardiac fibroblasts was assessed using proteomics and immunodetection approaches to evidence the upregulation of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a regulator of the profibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. In parallel, sST2 increased fibroblast activation, collagen and fibrosis mediators. Pharmacological inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) restored NRP-1 levels and blocked profibrotic effects induced by sST2. In NRP-1 knockdown cells, sST2 failed to induce fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis. Exogenous NRP-1 enhanced cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis via NF-κB. In a pressure overload rat model, sST2 was elevated in association with cardiac fibrosis and was positively correlated with NRP-1 expression. Our study shows that sST2 induces human cardiac fibroblasts activation, as well as the synthesis of collagen and profibrotic molecules. These effects are mediated by NRP-1. The blockade of NF-κB restored NRP-1 expression, improving the profibrotic status induced by sST2. These results show a new pathogenic role for sST2 and its mediator, NRP-1, as cardiac fibroblast activators contributing to cardiac fibrosis.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
225. New Paradigms in Reconstructive Microsurgery Education.
- Author
-
Masia J, Sanchez-Porro L, Vega C, Farhadi J, Suominem S, Kolb F, Garusi C, Van Landuyt K, Santamaria E, and Innocenti M
- Subjects
- Humans, Models, Educational, Microsurgery education, Plastic Surgery Procedures education, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
226. Omics Approaches in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.
- Author
-
González-Borja I, Viúdez A, Goñi S, Santamaria E, Carrasco-García E, Pérez-Sanz J, Hernández-García I, Sala-Elarre P, Arrazubi V, Oyaga-Iriarte E, Zárate R, Arévalo S, Sayar O, Vera R, and Fernández-Irigoyen J
- Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which represents 80% of pancreatic cancers, is mainly diagnosed when treatment with curative intent is not possible. Consequently, the overall five-year survival rate is extremely dismal-around 5% to 7%. In addition, pancreatic cancer is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Therefore, advances in screening, prevention and treatment are urgently needed. Fortunately, a wide range of approaches could help shed light in this area. Beyond the use of cytological or histological samples focusing in diagnosis, a plethora of new approaches are currently being used for a deeper characterization of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, including genetic, epigenetic, and/or proteo-transcriptomic techniques. Accordingly, the development of new analytical technologies using body fluids (blood, bile, urine, etc.) to analyze tumor derived molecules has become a priority in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma due to the hard accessibility to tumor samples. These types of technologies will lead us to improve the outcome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
227. CT-1 (Cardiotrophin-1)-Gal-3 (Galectin-3) Axis in Cardiac Fibrosis and Inflammation.
- Author
-
Martínez-Martínez E, Brugnolaro C, Ibarrola J, Ravassa S, Buonafine M, López B, Fernández-Celis A, Querejeta R, Santamaria E, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Rábago G, Moreno MU, Jaisser F, Díez J, González A, and López-Andrés N
- Subjects
- Animals, Cardiomyopathies pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Fibrosis genetics, Fibrosis metabolism, Fibrosis pathology, Humans, Inflammation pathology, Male, Mice, Myocardium pathology, Proteomics methods, Rats, Rats, Inbred Dahl, Rats, Wistar, Cardiomyopathies metabolism, Cytokines metabolism, Galectin 3 metabolism, Inflammation metabolism, Myocardium metabolism, Up-Regulation
- Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a main contributor to the development of heart failure (HF). CT-1 (cardiotrophin-1) and Gal-3 (galectin-3) are increased in HF and associated with myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this study is to analyze whether CT-1 regulates Gal-3. Proteomic analysis revealed that Gal-3 was upregulated by CT-1 in human cardiac fibroblasts in parallel with other profibrotic and proinflammatory markers. CT-1 upregulation of Gal-3 was mediated by ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 and Stat-3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) pathways. Male Wistar rats and B6CBAF1 mice treated with CT-1 (20 µg/kg per day) presented higher cardiac Gal-3 levels and myocardial fibrosis. In CT-1-treated rats, direct correlations were found between cardiac CT-1 and Gal-3 levels, as well as between Gal-3 and perivascular fibrosis. Gal-3 genetic disruption in human cardiac fibroblasts and pharmacological Gal-3 inhibition in mice prevented the profibrotic and proinflammatory effects of CT-1. Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats with diastolic dysfunction showed increased cardiac CT-1 and Gal-3 expression together with cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. CT-1 and Gal-3 directly correlated with myocardial fibrosis. In HF patients, myocardial and plasma CT-1 and Gal-3 were increased and directly correlated. In addition, HF patients with high CT-1 and Gal-3 plasma levels presented an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Our data suggest that CT-1 upregulates Gal-3 which, in turn, mediates the proinflammatory and profibrotic myocardial effects of CT-1. The elevation of both molecules in HF patients identifies a subgroup of patients with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. The CT-1/Gal-3 axis emerges as a candidate therapeutic target and a potential prognostic biomarker in HF.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
228. Rapid Triage of Mental Health Risk in Emergency Medical Workers: Findings From Typhoon Haiyan - CORRIGENDUM.
- Author
-
Sylwanowicz L, Schreiber M, Anderson C, Gundran CPD, Santamaria E, Lopez JCF, Lam H, and Tuazon AC
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
229. Implementation of a microsurgical breast reconstruction program in Mexico.
- Author
-
Figueroa-Padilla J, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Maciel-Miranda A, Vargas-Salas D, Santamaria E, Esparza-Arias N, Gutiérrez-Zacarías LM, Cabrera-Galeana P, and Bargalló-Rocha E
- Subjects
- Adult, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Cohort Studies, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Mammaplasty trends, Mexico, Microsurgery trends, Middle Aged, Program Development, Program Evaluation, Retrospective Studies, Health Plan Implementation organization & administration, Mammaplasty methods, Mastectomy methods, Microsurgery methods
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
230. Aldosterone Impairs Mitochondrial Function in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts via A-Kinase Anchor Protein 12.
- Author
-
Ibarrola J, Sadaba R, Martinez-Martinez E, Garcia-Peña A, Arrieta V, Alvarez V, Fernández-Celis A, Gainza A, Cachofeiro V, Santamaria E, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Jaisser F, and Lopez-Andres N
- Subjects
- A Kinase Anchor Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, A Kinase Anchor Proteins metabolism, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aldosterone pharmacology, Animals, Aortic Valve Stenosis metabolism, Aortic Valve Stenosis pathology, Aortic Valve Stenosis surgery, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Case-Control Studies, Cell Cycle Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Cell Cycle Proteins metabolism, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, DNA, Mitochondrial metabolism, Female, Fibroblasts drug effects, Fibroblasts pathology, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria drug effects, Mitochondria metabolism, Mitochondria pathology, Myocardium pathology, Organelle Biogenesis, Oxidative Stress, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Signal Transduction, A Kinase Anchor Proteins genetics, Aldosterone metabolism, Aortic Valve Stenosis genetics, Cell Cycle Proteins genetics, Fibroblasts metabolism, Myocardium metabolism, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha genetics
- Abstract
Aldosterone (Aldo) contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac oxidative stress. Using a proteomic approach, A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP)-12 has been identified as a down-regulated protein by Aldo in human cardiac fibroblasts. We aim to characterize whether AKAP-12 down-regulation could be a deleterious mechanism which induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in cardiac cells. Aldo down-regulated AKAP-12 via its mineralocorticoid receptor, increased oxidative stress and induced mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by decreased mitochondrial-DNA and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) expressions in human cardiac fibroblasts. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-down of AKAP-12 produced similar deleterious effects in human cardiac fibroblasts. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated activation of AKAP-12 blunted Aldo effects on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in human cardiac fibroblasts. In Aldo-salt-treated rats, cardiac AKAP-12, mitochondrial-DNA and PGC-1α expressions were decreased and paralleled increased oxidative stress. In myocardial biopsies from patients with aortic stenosis (AS, n = 26), AKAP-12, mitochondrial-DNA and PGC-1α expressions were decreased as compared to Controls (n = 13). Circulating Aldo levels inversely correlated with cardiac AKAP-12. PGC-1α positively associated with AKAP-12 and with mitochondrial-DNA. Aldo decreased AKAP-12 expression, impairing mitochondrial biogenesis and increasing cardiac oxidative stress. AKAP-12 down-regulation triggered by Aldo may represent an important event in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac oxidative stress.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
231. MicroRNA-506 promotes primary biliary cholangitis-like features in cholangiocytes and immune activation.
- Author
-
Erice O, Munoz-Garrido P, Vaquero J, Perugorria MJ, Fernandez-Barrena MG, Saez E, Santos-Laso A, Arbelaiz A, Jimenez-Agüero R, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Torrano V, Carracedo A, Ananthanarayanan M, Marzioni M, Prieto J, Beuers U, Oude Elferink RP, LaRusso NF, Bujanda L, Marin JJG, and Banales JM
- Subjects
- Apoptosis, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic metabolism, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Migration Assays, Cell Proliferation, Cytokines metabolism, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Gene Expression Regulation genetics, Humans, Immunoblotting, Mass Spectrometry, Oxidative Stress, Proteomics, Signal Transduction genetics, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic pathology, Epithelial Cells metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary metabolism, MicroRNAs metabolism
- Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease associated with autoimmune phenomena targeting intrahepatic bile duct cells (cholangiocytes). Although its etiopathogenesis remains obscure, development of antimitochondrial autoantibodies against pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 is a common feature. MicroRNA (miR) dysregulation occurs in liver and immune cells of PBC patients, but its functional relevance is largely unknown. We previously reported that miR-506 is overexpressed in PBC cholangiocytes and directly targets both Cl
- / HCO3- anion exchanger 2 and type III inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, leading to cholestasis. Here, the regulation of miR-506 gene expression and its role in cholangiocyte pathophysiology and immune activation was studied. Several proinflammatory cytokines overexpressed in PBC livers (such as interleukin-8 [IL8], IL12, IL17, IL18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) stimulated miR-506 promoter activity in human cholangiocytes, as revealed by luciferase reporter assays. Experimental overexpression of miR-506 in cholangiocytes dysregulated the cell proteomic profile (by mass spectrometry), affecting proteins involved in different biological processes including mitochondrial metabolism. In cholangiocytes, miR-506 (1) induced dedifferentiation with down-regulation of biliary and epithelial markers together with up-regulation of mesenchymal, proinflammatory, and profibrotic markers; (2) impaired cell proliferation and adhesion; (3) increased oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress; (4) caused DNA damage; and (5) sensitized to caspase-3-dependent apoptosis induced by cytotoxic bile acids. These events were also associated with impaired energy metabolism in mitochondria (proton leak and less adenosine triphosphate production) and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 overexpression. Coculture of miR-506 overexpressing cholangiocytes with PBC immunocytes induced activation and proliferation of PBC immunocytes., Conclusion: Different proinflammatory cytokines enhance the expression of miR-506 in biliary epithelial cells; miR-506 induces PBC-like features in cholangiocytes and promotes immune activation, representing a potential therapeutic target for PBC patients. (Hepatology 2018;67:1420-1440)., (© 2017 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.)- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
232. Toward a service-based workflow for automated information extraction from herbarium specimens.
- Author
-
Kirchhoff A, Bügel U, Santamaria E, Reimeier F, Röpert D, Tebbje A, Güntsch A, Chaves F, Steinke KH, and Berendsohn W
- Subjects
- Automation, Internet, Software, Information Storage and Retrieval, Plants, Workflow
- Abstract
Over the past years, herbarium collections worldwide have started to digitize millions of specimens on an industrial scale. Although the imaging costs are steadily falling, capturing the accompanying label information is still predominantly done manually and develops into the principal cost factor. In order to streamline the process of capturing herbarium specimen metadata, we specified a formal extensible workflow integrating a wide range of automated specimen image analysis services. We implemented the workflow on the basis of OpenRefine together with a plugin for handling service calls and responses. The evolving system presently covers the generation of optical character recognition (OCR) from specimen images, the identification of regions of interest in images and the extraction of meaningful information items from OCR. These implementations were developed as part of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-funded a standardised and optimised process for data acquisition from digital images of herbarium specimens (StanDAP-Herb) Project.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
233. Differential Proteomics Identifies Reticulocalbin-3 as a Novel Negative Mediator of Collagen Production in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts.
- Author
-
Martínez-Martínez E, Ibarrola J, Fernández-Celis A, Santamaria E, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Rossignol P, Jaisser F, and López-Andrés N
- Subjects
- Aldosterone metabolism, Blood Proteins, CRISPR-Cas Systems genetics, Calcium-Binding Proteins genetics, Cell Line, Cytokines metabolism, Down-Regulation, Fibrosis, Galectin 3 metabolism, Galectins, Humans, Myocardium cytology, Proteomics methods, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Calcium-Binding Proteins metabolism, Collagen metabolism, Fibroblasts pathology, Myocardium pathology
- Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, including collagens. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) are two profibrotic molecules that mediate Aldosterone (Aldo)-induced cardiac fibrosis. However the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. Our aim is to characterize changes in the proteome of human cardiac fibroblasts treated with Aldo, Gal-3 or CT-1 to identify new common proteins that might be new therapeutic targets in cardiac fibrosis. Using a quantitative proteomic approach in human cardiac fibroblasts, our results show that Aldo, Gal-3 and CT-1 modified the expression of 30, 17 and 89 proteins respectively, being common the reticulocalbin (RCN) family members. RCN-3 down-regulation triggered by Aldo, Gal-3 and CT-1 was verified. Treatment with recombinant RCN-3 decreased collagens expression in human cardiac fibroblasts through Akt phosphorylation. Interestingly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated activation of RCN-3 decreased collagen production in human cardiac fibroblasts. In addition, recombinant RCN-3 blocked the profibrotic effects of Aldo, Gal-3 and CT-1. Interestingly, RCN-3 blunted the increase in collagens expression induced by other profibrotic stimuli, angiotensin II, in human cardiac fibroblasts. Our results suggest that RCN-3 emerges as a new potential negative regulator of collagen production and could represent a therapeutic target in the context of cardiac fibrosis.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
234. Hydronephrosis Presenting 6 Months After Sacral Colpopexy: Case Report and Literature Review.
- Author
-
Weber LeBrun E, Santamaria E, and Moy L
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Hydronephrosis diagnostic imaging, Postoperative Complications diagnostic imaging, Postoperative Complications surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Robotic Surgical Procedures methods, Sacrum surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Urethra pathology, Urethra surgery, Vagina surgery, Hydronephrosis etiology, Postoperative Complications etiology, Plastic Surgery Procedures adverse effects, Robotic Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Urethra injuries, Uterine Prolapse surgery
- Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe a case of uterovaginal prolapse managed with robotic-assisted sacral colpopexy complicated by severe right-sided hydronephrosis despite normal intraoperative cystoscopy., Methods: A 68-year-old woman presented with a worsening vaginal bulge over the past 2 years. Tricompartment stage 2 uterovaginal prolapse, with dominant cystocele and skin erosion at the posterior fourchette from prolapse friction, was identified on physical examination, and the patient underwent pelvic reconstructive surgery, including sacral colpopexy., Results: The patient was discharged on postoperative day 4 after being treated for a urinary tract infection. At her 6-week postoperative visit, the patient demonstrated normal vaginal support. She presented 6 months postoperatively with right-sided hydronephrosis with an almost imperceptible stricture where the right iliac vessels cross the pelvic brim, demonstrating a delayed manifestation of ureteral injury. She underwent open ureteroscopy, ureteroneocystostomy with vesicopsoas hitch, and ureteral stent placement. Ureteroscopy demonstrated a very mild narrowed caliber of the ureter just above the sacroiliac joint without overt obstruction. Follow-up intravenous pyelogram demonstrated no evidence of damage or obstruction. At nearly 1-year follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic and had normal renal function., Conclusion: This case demonstrates the challenges of an uncommon, but highly morbid, complication of pelvic reconstructive surgery. Even when adequate visualization of the ureters and delicate ureteral dissection is achieved throughout surgery, occult injuries can still occur. Surgeons should maintain a high index of suspicion of ureteral injury when evaluating patients for late presentations of postoperative complications.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
235. Laparoscopic Ovarian Transposition Before Pelvic Cancer Treatment: Ovarian Function and Fertility Preservation.
- Author
-
Moawad NS, Santamaria E, Rhoton-Vlasak A, and Lightsey JL
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Organ Sparing Treatments, Radiation Injuries prevention & control, Fertility Preservation, Laparoscopy, Organs at Risk, Ovary surgery, Pelvic Neoplasms radiotherapy
- Abstract
Survivors of pelvic cancer treatment live with the ramifications of pelvic radiation for many years after their cure. Several options are available to preserve ovarian function and fertility in reproductive age women undergoing pelvic radiation. Laparoscopic ovarian transposition is an under-utilized, yet fairly simple surgical procedure to relocate the ovaries away from the radiation field. Although randomized-controlled trials on the outcomes of ovarian transposition are scarce, there is a growing body of evidence on the risks and benefits of this procedure, in terms of prevention of premature ovarian failure, and potentially preserving fertility. In this review, we summarize the available data on the indications, patient selection and outcomes of ovarian transposition, as well as illustrate the technique of the procedure., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
236. Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes of Haitian Women With Breast Cancer in Miami and Haiti: Disparities in Breast Cancer-A Retrospective Cohort Study.
- Author
-
Gomez A, DeGennaro V, George SHL, Reis IM, Santamaria E, Westin GF, Gabriel D, and Hurley J
- Abstract
Purpose: We compared a cohort of Haitian immigrants with residents in Haiti with breast cancer (BC) to evaluate the effects of location on presentation, treatment, and outcomes., Patients and Methods: Participants were Haitian women with BC living in Miami who presented to the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital and women with BC living in Haiti who presented to the Innovating Health International Women's Cancer Center. The primary outcome was the relationship between location, cancer characteristics, and survival. The secondary objective was to compare our results with data extracted from the SEER database. Cox regression was used to compare survival., Results: One hundred two patients from University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital and 94 patients from Innovating Health International were included. The patients in Haiti, compared with the patients in Miami, were younger (mean age, 50.2 v 53.7 years, respectively; P = .042), presented after a longer duration of symptoms (median, 20 v 3 months, respectively; P < .001), had more advanced stage (44.7% v 25.5% with stage III and 27.6% v 18.6% with stage IV BC, respectively), and had more estrogen receptor (ER) -negative tumors (44.9% v 26.5%, respectively; P = .024). The percentage of women who died was 31.9% in Haiti died compared with 17.6% in Miami. Median survival time was 53.7 months for women in Haiti and was not reached in Miami. The risk of death was higher for women in Haiti versus women in Miami (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.09; P = .0024)., Conclusion: Women with BC in Haiti experience a significantly worse outcome than immigrants in Miami, which seems to be related to a more advanced stage and younger age at diagnosis, more ER-negative tumors, and lack of timely effective treatments. The differences in age and ER status are not a result of access to care and are unexplained., Competing Interests: The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/jco/site/ifc. Alexandra GomezNo relationship to discloseVincent DeGennaroNo relationship to discloseSophia H.L. GeorgeNo relationship to discloseIsildinha M. ReisNo relationship to discloseEstefania SantamariaNo relationship to discloseGustavo Figueiredo WestinNo relationship to discloseDieudina GabrielNo relationship to discloseJudith HurleyNo relationship to disclose
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
237. Lessons Learned from Delayed Versus Immediate Microsurgical Reconstruction of Complex Maxillectomy and Midfacial Defects: Experience in a Tertiary Center in Mexico.
- Author
-
Santamaria E and de la Concha E
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Facial Injuries surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Maxilla injuries, Microsurgery methods, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Wounds and Injuries etiology, Young Adult, Face surgery, Head and Neck Neoplasms surgery, Maxilla surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Surgical Flaps, Wounds and Injuries surgery
- Abstract
Microsurgical reconstruction of complex midfacial and maxillectomy defects is among the most challenging procedures in plastic surgery, and it often requires composite flaps to improve functional and aesthetic results. Various factors have been identified as having influence in the outcome of microsurgical reconstruction. In this article, the authors present their experience with immediate and delayed reconstruction of complex maxillectomy defects in a tertiary center in Mexico. The authors present a total of 37 patients with microsurgical reconstruction of a complex maxillectomy defect; 13 patients had immediate and 24 had delayed reconstructions. The authors recommend doing immediate reconstruction when feasible., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
238. Electrical penetration graph technique as a tool to monitor the early stages of aphid resistance to insecticides.
- Author
-
Garzo E, Moreno A, Hernando S, Mariño V, Torne M, Santamaria E, Díaz I, and Fereres A
- Subjects
- Animals, Aphids genetics, Aphids physiology, DNA Mutational Analysis, Feeding Behavior drug effects, Imidazoles pharmacology, Insecticide Resistance genetics, Neonicotinoids, Nitro Compounds pharmacology, Pyridines pharmacology, Sulfur Compounds pharmacology, Aphids drug effects, Biological Assay methods, Electricity, Insecticides pharmacology
- Abstract
Background: Sulfoxaflor, a new insecticide from the sulfoximine chemical family, and imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, were tested to assess the susceptibility and feeding behaviour of two populations of Myzus persicae: Mp61, which exhibited target-site R81T resistance to neonicotinoids, and Mp1989, a laboratory clone maintained since 1989 as a susceptible reference., Results: The imidacloprid LC50 value for Mp61 was 16 times higher than for Mp1989, showing a moderate level of resistance. Sulfoxaflor LC50 values for Mp61 and Mp1989 were much closer. The probing behaviour, as assessed by electrical penetration graphs (EPGs), of both populations was clearly altered by sulfoxaflor, which reduced the ability of aphids to find and feed from the phloem. The feeding behaviour of the susceptible Mp1989 population was much more severely affected than the moderately resistant Mp61 population on imidacloprid-treated plants. PCR assays of both aphid populations followed by DNA sequencing identified differences between populations in the point mutation in the β-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor linked to the resistant gene against the neonicotinoid insecticide., Conclusions: Sulfoxaflor provoked feeding cessation more rapidly than imidacloprid in both aphid populations. Sharp differences in feeding behaviour were detected between the susceptible and the moderately resistant neonicotinoid-resistant aphid populations. The EPG technique can be used as a useful tool to give new insights into the functional effects of new chemical compounds and for early detection of low to moderate levels of resistance of sap-feeding insects to insecticides. The potential of this technique was validated by molecular analysis of the R81T mutation target site., (© 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
239. Toward defining the anatomo-proteomic puzzle of the human brain: An integrative analysis.
- Author
-
Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Labarga A, Zabaleta A, de Morentin XM, Perez-Valderrama E, Zelaya MV, and Santamaria E
- Subjects
- Cerebrospinal Fluid metabolism, Humans, Mass Spectrometry, Brain metabolism, Computational Biology methods, Proteomics methods
- Abstract
The human brain is exceedingly complex, constituted by billions of neurons and trillions of synaptic connections that, in turn, define ∼900 neuroanatomical subdivisions in the adult brain (Hawrylycz et al. An anatomically comprehensive atlas of the human brain transcriptome. Nature 2012, 489, 391-399). The human brain transcriptome has revealed specific regional transcriptional signatures that are regulated in a spatiotemporal manner, increasing the complexity of the structural and molecular organization of this organ (Kang et al. Spatio-temporal transcriptome of the human brain. Nature 2011, 478, 483-489). During the last decade, neuroproteomics has emerged as a powerful approach to profile neural proteomes using shotgun-based MS, providing complementary information about protein content and function at a global level. Here, we revise recent proteome profiling studies performed in human brain, with special emphasis on proteome mapping of anatomical macrostructures, specific subcellular compartments, and cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, we have performed an integrative functional analysis of the protein compilation derived from these large-scale human brain proteomic studies in order to obtain a comprehensive view of human brain biology. Finally, we also discuss the potential contribution of our meta-analysis to the Chromosome-centric Human Proteome Project initiative., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
240. A highly efficient tumor-infiltrating MDSC differentiation system for discovery of anti-neoplastic targets, which circumvents the need for tumor establishment in mice.
- Author
-
Liechtenstein T, Perez-Janices N, Gato M, Caliendo F, Kochan G, Blanco-Luquin I, Van der Jeught K, Arce F, Guerrero-Setas D, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Breckpot K, and Escors D
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Computational Biology methods, Dendritic Cells cytology, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunoblotting, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cell Culture Techniques methods, Melanoma immunology, Myeloid Cells cytology, Proteomics methods
- Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) exhibit potent immunosuppressive activities in cancer. MDSCs infiltrate tumors and strongly inhibit cancer-specific cytotoxic T cells. Their mechanism of differentiation and identification of MDSC-specific therapeutic targets are major areas of interest. We have devised a highly efficient and rapid method to produce very large numbers of melanoma-infiltrating MDSCs ex vivo without inducing tumors in mice. These MDSCs were used to study their differentiation, immunosuppressive activities and were compared to non-neoplastic counterparts and conventional dendritic cells using unbiased systems biology approaches. Differentially activated/deactivated pathways caused by cell type differences and by the melanoma tumor environment were identified. MDSCs increased the expression of trafficking receptors to sites of inflammation, endocytosis, changed lipid metabolism, and up-regulated detoxification pathways such as the expression of P450 reductase. These studies uncovered more than 60 potential novel therapeutic targets. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that P450 reductase is the target of pro-drugs such as Paclitaxel, which depletes MDSCs following chemotherapy in animal models of melanoma and in human patients. Conversely, P450 reductase protects MDSCs against the cytotoxic actions of other chemotherapy drugs such as Irinotecan, which is ineffective for the treatment of melanoma.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
241. Cost-effectiveness of office hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding.
- Author
-
Moawad NS, Santamaria E, Johnson M, and Shuster J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Female, Humans, Hysteroscopy methods, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Uterine Hemorrhage economics, Young Adult, Hysteroscopy economics, Outpatients, Uterine Hemorrhage diagnosis
- Abstract
Background and Objectives: Office diagnostic hysteroscopy allows physicians to directly view the endometrial cavity, tubal ostia, and endocervical canal without taking the patient to the operating room (OR). We sought to determine whether office hysteroscopy performed to evaluate abnormal uterine bleeding decreases the need for hysteroscopy performed in the OR and the associated financial and risk implications., Methods: One hundred thirty patients who underwent office diagnostic hysteroscopy between January 2009 and March 2012 at 2 outpatient clinics in an academic university setting were identified. Records were reviewed from paper charts and electronic medical records. Hospital charts for patients who required hysteroscopy in the OR were reviewed as well. Charge estimates were obtained from our billing department. These results were analyzed for review of the data., Results: Seventy-five of the 130 women who underwent diagnostic office hysteroscopy for abnormal bleeding did not need to undergo hysteroscopy in the OR. This represents estimated savings of $1498 per patient (95% confidence interval, $1051-$1923) in procedure charges. Among the 55 women who underwent OR hysteroscopy, there was 71% agreement between findings on hysteroscopy in the office and in the OR., Conclusion: Office hysteroscopy is a useful diagnostic tool that can help decrease the rate of diagnostic hysteroscopy in the OR under anesthesia when used in a select patient population.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
242. Standardized templates for shaping the fibula free flap in mandible reconstruction.
- Author
-
Matros E, Santamaria E, and Cordeiro PG
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cephalometry methods, Computer-Aided Design, Female, Humans, Male, Mandible anatomy & histology, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Young Adult, Free Tissue Flaps, Mandible surgery, Mandibular Reconstruction methods, Osteotomy
- Abstract
Conversion of the straight fibula bone flap into the parabolic mandible shape can be performed using customized acrylic templates made from a 1:1 mandible computed tomography scan and lateral cephalogram. The premise of the current study is to objectively quantify the variability in a series of acrylic templates used for mandible reconstruction to assess the feasibility of creating a standardized template.In this study acrylic templates of 48 consecutive adult dentate patients who underwent fibula flap mandible reconstruction from 1994 to 1999 were evaluated. Osteotomy angles for the mandibular angle, midbody and parasymphysis, and length of each bony segment were determined using a metric ruler and protractor. Values were reported as means ± standard deviation.The mean mandibular angle measured 122.6 ± 6.4 degrees, while the midbody and parasymphysis angles were 153 ± 4.5 degrees and 130 ± 4.2 degrees, respectively. Mean bone segment lengths were: ramus 64.5 ± 9.8 mm, distal body 47.6 ± 4.2 mm, mesial body 40.6 ± 3.2 mm, and symphysis 18.5 ± 2.2 mm.It was concluded that the evaluation of patient acrylic templates used in a series of mandible reconstructions demonstrates osteotomy angles vary minimally (3-5%). Bone segment lengths vary from 10 to 15%, suggesting heterogeneity in mandible size. A standard template can be used to shape the fibula in most mandible reconstructions eliminating the need for routine preoperative imaging or costly fabricated computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing cutting guides., (Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
243. Reply: free fibula prelamination for maxillary reconstruction.
- Author
-
Santamaria E
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Male, Cleft Palate surgery, Free Tissue Flaps, Maxilla surgery, Osteotomy, Le Fort methods, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
244. A shift from the osteocutaneous fibula flap to the prelaminated osteomucosal fibula flap for maxillary reconstruction.
- Author
-
Santamaria E, Correa S, Bluebond-Langner R, Orozco H, and Ortiz-Monasterio F
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Holoprosencephaly surgery, Humans, Male, Mouth Mucosa, Osseointegration, Prostheses and Implants, Young Adult, Cleft Palate surgery, Free Tissue Flaps, Maxilla surgery, Osteotomy, Le Fort methods, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods
- Abstract
Background: Reconstruction of the maxilla with the fibula free flap is a popular and well-described technique. The ideal intraoral lining would be mucosa, which is moist, thin, and non-hair-bearing. Prelamination of the fibula with buccal mucosa replaces like tissue with like tissue, obviates the need for a skin paddle, and facilitates placement of osseointegrated implants in a single stage. For central maxillary defects, the authors have shifted from using an osteocutaneous to a prelaminated free fibula flap. In this article, the authors report their experience using the prelaminated osteomucosal fibula for maxillary reconstruction., Methods: From 2003 to 2011, 24 patients underwent reconstruction of a central maxillary defect using a free fibula flap. The first 10 patients had osteoseptocutaneous flaps, and the other 14 patients had prelaminated flaps. Data collected included patient age, cause of defect, type and number of operations, complications at both the donor and recipient sites, and placement of osseointegrated implants., Results: The majority of patients in the series (n = 21) had central maxillary defects caused by loss of the premaxilla during early repair of bilateral cleft lip-cleft palate. There was one flap failure in the nonprelaminated flap group and one in the prelaminated group. Repeated debulking to thin the skin paddle was required in all of the patients with osteocutaneous flaps., Conclusions: Prelamination delivers like tissue to the recipient site, obviates the need for debulking, and may reduce donor-site wound problems. To the authors' knowledge, this is the largest series of prelaminated fibulas for maxillary reconstruction in the literature., Clinical Question/level of Evidence: Therapeutic, IV.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
245. A comparison of audio computer-assisted self-interviews to face-to-face interviews of sexual behavior among perinatally HIV-exposed youth.
- Author
-
Dolezal C, Marhefka SL, Santamaria EK, Leu CS, Brackis-Cott E, and Mellins CA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Computers, Female, Follow-Up Studies, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Seropositivity epidemiology, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk-Taking, Sex Factors, Sexual Behavior statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, HIV Infections psychology, HIV Seropositivity psychology, Interviews as Topic methods, Sexual Behavior psychology
- Abstract
Computer-assisted interview methods are increasingly popular in the assessment of sensitive behaviors (e.g., substance abuse and sexual behaviors). It has been suggested that the effect of social desirability is diminished when answering via computer, as compared to an interviewer-administered face-to-face (FTF) interview, although studies exploring this hypothesis among adolescents are rare and yield inconsistent findings. This study compared two interview modes among a sample of urban, ethnic-minority, perinatally HIV-exposed U.S. youth (baseline = 148 HIV+, 126 HIV-, ages 9-16 years; follow-up = 120 HIV+, 110 HIV-, ages 10-19 years). Participants were randomly assigned to receive a sexual behavior interview via either Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) or FTF interview. The prevalence of several sexual behaviors and participants' reactions to the interviews were compared. Although higher rates of sexual behaviors were typically reported in the ACASI condition, the differences rarely reached statistical significance, even when limited to demographic subgroups--except for gender. Boys were significantly more likely to report several sexual behaviors in the ACASI condition compared to FTF, whereas among girls no significant differences were found between the two conditions. ACASI-assigned youth rated the interview process as easier and more enjoyable than did FTF-assigned youth, and this was fairly consistent across subgroup analyses as well. We conclude that these more positive reactions to the ACASI interview give that methodology a slight advantage, and boys may disclose more sexual behavior when using computer-assisted interviews.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
246. Prevalence and change in psychiatric disorders among perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed youth.
- Author
-
Mellins CA, Elkington KS, Leu CS, Santamaria EK, Dolezal C, Wiznia A, Bamji M, Mckay MM, and Abrams EJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Age Distribution, Anxiety Disorders complications, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Child, Female, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections psychology, HIV Infections transmission, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders complications, Mental Health Services statistics & numerical data, Mood Disorders complications, Mood Disorders epidemiology, New York City epidemiology, Prevalence, Sex Distribution, Substance-Related Disorders complications, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Viral Load, HIV Infections epidemiology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Mental Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
As the pediatric HIV epidemic in resource-rich countries evolves into an adolescent epidemic, there is a substantive need for studies elucidating mental health needs of perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV +) youth as they transition through adolescence. This article examines the role of perinatal HIV infection in influencing mental health by comparing the changes in psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders (SUD) in PHIV + and perinatally HIV-exposed, but uninfected (PHIV -) youth over time. Participants were recruited from four medical centers in New York City. Individual interviews were administered at baseline and 18-month follow-up to 166 PHIV + and 114 PHIV- youth (49% male, age 9-16 years at baseline). Youth psychiatric disorder was assessed using the caregiver and youth versions of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV). Over two-thirds of participants met criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder at either baseline or follow-up, with few group differences. Among PHIV + youth, there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of any psychiatric disorder, as well as anxiety disorders specifically over time, whereas the prevalence of any psychiatric disorder among PHIV- youth remained the same and mood disorders increased. Rates of SUD were low in both groups, increasing slightly by follow-up. PHIV + youth reported more use of mental health services at follow-up. CD4 count and HIV RNA viral load were not associated with the presence or absence of disorder at either time point. In conclusion, among PHIV + and PHIV- youth, the rates of psychiatric disorder were high, even compared to other vulnerable populations, suggesting that factors other than perinatal HIV infection may be important determinants of mental health. PHIV + youth were more likely to improve over the observation period. The data underscore the critical need for mental health interventions for both PHIV + and PHIV- youth.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
247. Characterization of herpes simplex virus 1 strains as platforms for the development of oncolytic viruses against liver cancer.
- Author
-
Argnani R, Marconi P, Volpi I, Bolanos E, Carro E, Ried C, Santamaria E, Pourchet A, Epstein AL, Brocker T, Corrales FJ, Manservigi R, Goicoechea I, Foschini M, and Hernandez-Alcoceba R
- Subjects
- Animals, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular virology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, DNA Primers genetics, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Herpesvirus 1, Human metabolism, Humans, Immunoblotting, Immunohistochemistry, Liver Neoplasms virology, Luciferases genetics, Luciferases metabolism, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Nude, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Statistics, Nonparametric, Transduction, Genetic, Transgenes genetics, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Herpesvirus 1, Human genetics, Liver Neoplasms therapy, Oncolytic Virotherapy methods
- Abstract
Background: Diverse oncolytic viruses (OV) are being designed for the treatment of cancer. The characteristics of the parental virus strains may influence the properties of these agents., Aims: To characterize two herpes simplex virus 1 strains (HSV-1 17syn(+) and HFEM) as platforms for virotherapy against liver cancer., Methods: The luciferase reporter gene was introduced in the intergenic region 20 locus of both HSV-1 strains, giving rise to the Cgal-Luc and H6-Luc viruses. Their properties were studied in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro. Biodistribution was monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) in athymic mice and immune-competent Balb/c mice. Immunogenicity was studied by MHC-tetramer staining, in vivo killing assays and determination of specific antibody production. Intratumoural transgene expression and oncolytic effect were studied in HuH-7 xenografts., Results: The H6-Luc virus displayed a syncytial phenotype and showed higher cytolytic effect on some HCC cells. Upon intravenous or intrahepatic injection in mice, both viruses showed a transient transduction of the liver with rapid relocalization of bioluminescence in adrenal glands, spinal cord, uterus and ovaries. No significant differences were observed in the immunogenicity of these viruses. Local intratumoural administration caused progressive increase in transgene expression during the first 5 days and persisted for at least 2 weeks. H6-Luc achieved faster amplification of transgene expression and stronger inhibition of tumour growth than Cgal-Luc, although toxicity of these non-attenuated viruses should be reduced to obtain a therapeutic effect., Conclusions: The syncytial H6-Luc virus has a strong oncolytic potential on human HCC xenografts and could be the basis for potent OV., (© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
248. Psychosocial implications of HIV serostatus disclosure to youth with perinatally acquired HIV.
- Author
-
Santamaria EK, Dolezal C, Marhefka SL, Hoffman S, Ahmed Y, Elkington K, and Mellins CA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Caregivers psychology, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, HIV Infections congenital, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections transmission, HIV Seropositivity epidemiology, HIV-1 immunology, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical statistics & numerical data, Logistic Models, Male, New York City epidemiology, Prevalence, Self Disclosure, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, HIV Infections diagnosis, HIV Infections psychology, HIV Seropositivity psychology, Truth Disclosure
- Abstract
Recommendations suggest that older children and adolescents perinatally infected with HIV (PHIV+) be informed of their HIV diagnosis; however, delayed disclosure is commonly reported. This study examined the prevalence and timing of HIV disclosure to PHIV+ adolescents and the associations between the timing of disclosure and psychological functioning and other behavioral outcomes. Recruitment took place at four medical centers in New York City between December 2003 and December 2008. This sample included data from 196 PHIV+ youth and their caregivers: 50% of youth were male, 58% African American, 42% Hispanic, with a mean age of 12.71 years. According to caregiver reports, 70% of the PHIV+ youth knew their HIV diagnosis. Youths who had been told were more likely to be older; youths with a Spanish-speaking Latino caregiver and whose caregivers had a grade school education were told at an older age. Youths who had been told their HIV status were significantly less anxious than those who had not been told; there were no other differences in psychological functioning. Youths who knew their status for longer reported higher intentions to self-disclose to potential sex partners. In multivariate analyses only demographic differences associated with timing of disclosure remained. In summary, PHIV+ youth who had been told their HIV status did not show an increase of psychological problems and were more likely to have intentions to self-disclose to sexual partners. Yet, almost one third was entering puberty without important information regarding their illness. Caregivers need support to address factors impeding HIV disclosure.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
249. RNA isolation from mammalian cells using porous polymer monoliths: an approach for high-throughput automation.
- Author
-
Chatterjee A, Mirer PL, Zaldivar Santamaria E, Klapperich C, Sharon A, and Sauer-Budge AF
- Subjects
- Air, Animals, Automation, Buffers, Cell Line, Dogs, Porosity, Pressure, Reproducibility of Results, Solid Phase Extraction economics, Solid Phase Extraction instrumentation, Polymers chemistry, RNA isolation & purification, Solid Phase Extraction methods
- Abstract
The life science and healthcare communities have been redefining the importance of ribonucleic acid (RNA) through the study of small molecule RNA (in RNAi/siRNA technologies), micro RNA (in cancer research and stem cell research), and mRNA (gene expression analysis for biologic drug targets). Research in this field increasingly requires efficient and high-throughput isolation techniques for RNA. Currently, several commercial kits are available for isolating RNA from cells. Although the quality and quantity of RNA yielded from these kits is sufficiently good for many purposes, limitations exist in terms of extraction efficiency from small cell populations and the ability to automate the extraction process. Traditionally, automating a process decreases the cost and personnel time while simultaneously increasing the throughput and reproducibility. As the RNA field matures, new methods for automating its extraction, especially from low cell numbers and in high throughput, are needed to achieve these improvements. The technology presented in this article is a step toward this goal. The method is based on a solid-phase extraction technology using a porous polymer monolith (PPM). A novel cell lysis approach and a larger binding surface throughout the PPM extraction column ensure a high yield from small starting samples, increasing sensitivity and reducing indirect costs in cell culture and sample storage. The method ensures a fast and simple procedure for RNA isolation from eukaryotic cells, with a high yield both in terms of quality and quantity. The technique is amenable to automation and streamlined workflow integration, with possible miniaturization of the sample handling process making it suitable for high-throughput applications.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
250. Adherence to antiretroviral medications and medical care in HIV-infected adults diagnosed with mental and substance abuse disorders.
- Author
-
Mellins CA, Havens JF, McDonnell C, Lichtenstein C, Uldall K, Chesney M, Santamaria EK, and Bell J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Delivery of Health Care, Integrated statistics & numerical data, Female, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections psychology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Socioeconomic Factors, Substance-Related Disorders complications, Young Adult, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, Mental Disorders complications, Patient Compliance psychology
- Abstract
This paper examines factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral medications (ARVs) in an HIV-infected population at high risk for non-adherence: individuals living with psychiatric and substance abuse disorders. Data were examined from baseline interviews of a multisite cohort intervention study of 1138 HIV-infected adults with both a psychiatric and substance abuse disorder (based on a structured psychiatric research interview using DSM-IV criteria). The baseline interview documented mental illness and substance use in the past year, mental illness and substance abuse severity, demographics, service utilization in the past three months, general health and HIV-related conditions, self-reported spirituality and self-reported ARV medication use. Among the participants, 62% were prescribed ARVs at baseline (n = 542) and 45% of those on ARVs reported skipping medications in the past three days. Reports of non-adherence were significantly associated with having a detectable viral load (p<.01). The factors associated with non-adherence were current drug and alcohol abuse, increased psychological distress, less attendance at medical appointments, non-adherence to psychiatric medications and lower self-reported spirituality. Increased psychological distress was significantly associated with non-adherence, independent of substance abuse (p<.05). The data suggest that both mental illness and substance use must be addressed in HIV-infected adults living with these co-morbid illnesses to improve adherence to ARVs.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.