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Aim: To conduct a correlation analysis of the parameters of visual fixation, light sensitivity of the retina in the central region, and the thickness of the central region of the retina and choroid with the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction (SER), and axial length of the eye (AL) in nystagmus and amblyopia of various origins. Material and methods: The study included 45 patients aged 544 years (mean 11.26.14 years). All patients were divided into six groups depending on the type of amblyopia and associated conditions (with nystagmus). The retinal photosensitivity and fixation parameters were studied using an MP-3 Nidek microperimeter (Japan). Chorioretinal parameters were studied using an RS-3000 Advance 2 spectral optical coherence tomograph (Nidek, Japan). The axial length of the eye was measured using a Galilei G6 Scheimpflug analyzer. Correlation analysis was performed using the linear Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results: In nystagmus, refractive and dysbinocular amblyopia, a strong direct correlation was found between the indicators of BCVA and the characteristics of fixation. In the groups associated with congenital myopia, relationships were found between BCVA, retinal thickness, and light sensitivity of the retina in the central region. There was no relationship between the subfoveal choroidal thickness and functional parameters of the eyes. Conclusions: In nystagmus and amblyopia associated with strabismus and hyperopic refraction, the primary amblyogenic factor is a decrease in the density and amplitude of fixation. In relative amblyopia due to congenital myopia, the decrease in visual acuity correlates with the photosensitivity of the retina and does not correlate with fixation parameters, which indicates the partially organic nature of relative amblyopia. No relationship was found between the choroidae thikness and the degree of amblyopia, which does not cofine its participation in the pathogenesis of the disease.

This paper focuses on solving environmental problems of retailing in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. The task is to consider the greening of retail in terms of the interests of retailers and customers, to find points of maximum interaction and a way to promote responsible consumption among the population. The model of consumer analysis is considered, the advantages of its use are noted. Proposed a digital solution in the form of creating a bot, described the principle of operation.

Initiating and sustaining a counselor education and supervision doctoral program requires navigating institutions of higher education, which are complex systems. Using qualitative analysis, we explored 15 counselor educators’ experiences collaborating with university administrators to gain support for beginning and sustaining counselor education and supervision doctoral programs. Results indicate the need to understand political elements, economical aspects, and the identity of the proposed program. Limitations and areas for future research are presented.

Aim. To develop conflict-free communication skills among employees of the medical and genetic center. Methodology. To achieve the goal of the study in accordance with its objectives the following methods were used: the questionnaire on behavior in a conflict situation (K. W. Thomas, R. H. Kilmenn, adapted by N. V. Grishina), the method of personal aggressiveness and conflict (E. P. Ilyin, P. A. Kovalev), the comparative analysis of dependent and independent samples according to the student’s t-criterion. When processing the empirical data, the statistical package from SPSS Statistics 23 for Windows 7 was used. Results. The developed training for conflict-free communication helps to reduce the level of conflict, negative and positive aggression, as well as to develop constructive ways out of a conflict situation. Research implications. The possibility to use the obtained data in the psychodiagnostic and psycho-corrective work of employees in the medical field.

O objetivo da publicação é analisar os valores propostos, como medida do comportamento de autopreservação dentro do sistema de orientações de valores, para descrever seu status, bem como formular os padrões propostos de comportamento autopreservador e social e fatores comunicativos do comportamento de autopreservação da juventude moderna. Os autores tocam em um problema científico tão importante e relevante pela primeira vez. Eles fornecem uma abordagem teórica e metodológica para resolver esse problema, propondo padrões de comportamento de autopreservação dos jovens e formas de inculcar estratégias de autopreservação entre os jovens estudantes. A fim de formar uma imagem holística das orientações de valores dos jovens, os autores usam a metodologia adaptada de M. Rokich. Os participantes do estudo eram estudantes de universidades de Ufa, um total de 1140 pessoas deram entrevistas. Os autores também utilizaram a análise de uma entrevista em grupo focal sobre o tema "comportamento de autopreservação dos alunos". Os participantes foram os alunos das universidades da Ufa, representados por diferentes faixas etárias, desde alunos do 1.º ano aos mestrandos do 1.º ano. Os autores também conduziram entrevistas narrativas com equipes médicas das policlínicas nº 49 e nº 2, bem como alguns especialistas em comportamento de autopreservação no campo das redes sociais. Como resultado de estudos sociológicos, os autores chegaram à conclusão de que o principal problema das orientações de valores dos jovens está em sua polarização, ambivalência. Entre os valores terminais, "saúde" está em primeiro lugar. Com base em métodos qualitativos de estudos sociológicos, os autores identificaram e descreveram padrões de comportamento de autopreservação. Eles são um padrão abrangente; padrão informado; padrão voltado para a formação do culto ao corpo físico; padrão de "cuidados de saúde forçados"; padrão de "Imagem Selfie"; padrão de "Imitação de ídolos - Fãs / Seguidores"; padrão de "indiferença à própria saúde"; padrão de comportamento destrutivo; padrão étnico. O uso dos materiais do estudo pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de vários programas de economia, de saúde e a introdução de medidas governamentais de qualidade para construir um comportamento construtivo de autopreservação dos jovens, bem como para formar tecnologias positivas para a auto-preservação e preservação do comportamento dos jovens.

At the turn of the 20th—21st centuries, musical culture transformation processes have been actively actualized, which is manifested in the use of digital and visual technologies by musicians, direc tors, producers, visual designers. The stages of transformation of modern musical culture have become relevant precisely for the reason that at the turn of the 20th—21st centuries, mass communication media have begun a process of transition to new digital technologies of implementation and delivery of audiovisual information to modern listeners. Modern specialists, by their activity’s results and its great popularity, prove the relationship bet ween the artistic idea of the work they create and the technical and technological means of its implementation. Thus, in the musical culture of the turn of the 20th—21st centuries, virtual anime characters and Vocaloid performers, whose functioning is actively connected with the use of digital technologies, are particularly relevant and popular. In particular, the creative activities of British musician D. Gahan, Vocaloid anime performers — H. Miku, Kaito, K/DA group, are based on the use of such digitization elements as projection on a translucent screen, expansion of one, often two screens, creation of two- and three-dimensional projection, etc. Animation technologies used in the process of creating modern video clips contribute to the implementation of a wide range of creative and experimental opportunities for directors, in particular, such a technique for creating and broadcasting concert performances as virtual reality has been actualized. Digital technologies also provide opportunities to significantly expand the scope of the range and timbre arsenal of virtual performers, and satisfy a variety of aesthetic tastes of the public.

The analysis of algal-mycological complexes in Albic Podzolic soils affected by emissions of the Kandalaksha Aluminum Smelter (KAS) was carried out. The number and biomass of microscopic fungi in the maximum fluorine-polluted zone (fluorine-content >1000 mg/kg) more than 2 times lower than in distanced areas and amounted to 17.3 thousants colony-forming units/g and 1.33 mg/g respectively. Altogether, 31 species of soil fungi were isolated. The species Penicillium trzebinskii and P. miczynskii dominated the zone of maximum pollution. P. glabrum, P. spinulosum, and Memnoniella echinata prevailed in the zones of moderate pollution and background. The part of opportunistic fungi in contaminated soil increased in comparison with the background soil. The reduction of dark-colored fungi biomass in contaminated soil was noted. In total, 56 species of eukaryotic algae and 7 species of cyanobacteria were found. Among green algae, the species from families Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae dominated in all plots. In the zones of maximum and strong contamination, 53 algae species were found including xanthophytes, which were absent in unpolluted areas. The number of viable cells in the litter of the maximum contaminated soils varied from 100 thousand to 1.5 million in 1 g of absolutely dry soil. The species composition of algae and cyanobacteria in these soils showed the characteristic features of the Arctic biological soil crusts.

Stenomitos is a recently established cyanobacterial genus, some species of which appear to be cryptic. Here we describe two new species in this genus, Stenomitos kolaensis sp. nov. isolated from the Al-Fe humic podzols of a boreal forest near Nikel town, Murmansk region, Russia and S. hiloensis sp. nov. isolated from a basaltic seep wall on Akeola Road, Hilo, Hawaii, USA. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the 16S and 16S-23S ITS rRNA gene regions using Bayesian Inference, and Maximum Likelihood. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S-23S ITS rRNA region resulted in both S. kolaensis and S. hiloensis forming separate clades from other Stenomitos lineages. Antarctic strains of Stenomitos frigidus (previously reported as “Leptolyngbya frigida”) show that species to be polyphyletic and in need of revision. The structure of the conserved ITS regions (Box-B, D1-D1ʹ, V2 and V3 helices) provided support for separation of the species, and the p-distances among aligned ITS regions further confirmed that a number of species exist within the genus. S. kolaensis and S. hiloensis can be distinguished from other described Stenomitos species (S. rutilans and S. tremulus) by their geographical distribution, habitat preference, 16S rRNA phylogeny, and differences in the secondary structure of the 16S-23S ITS region.

В статье рассматривается проблема безработицы граждан в Российской Федерации в период экономического кризиса, а именно пандемии и постпандемийного периода, анализ мер поддержи государства, направленных на защиту граждан от безработицы. Рассмотрены основные проблемы на рынке труда и пути улучшения сложившейся экономической ситуации. Актуальность темы работы обусловлена тем, что одной из основных социально-экономических проблем России на современном этапе является проблема безработицы. Именно трудовые отношения являются основным источником доходов и средством социально-экономического благополучия граждан.

В статье представлены результаты исследования роли родителей на формирования мотивации, доказывающие влияние детско-родительского отношения на уровень мотивации у младших школьников.

Статья посвящена значению регионального протекционизма и его влияния на тенденции развития региональной торговли. В современных условиях используются разнообразные направления регионального протекционизма. В статье рассматриваются вопросы развития региональных и федеральных торговых предприятий в условиях применения различных форм регионального протекционизма.

There is a widely accepted gap between the production and use of climate information. It is also widely accepted that at least part of the reason for this situation lies in the challenge of bridging between what may be characterized as ‘‘top-down’’ approaches to climate information on the global scale, and local decision contexts, which necessarily take a ‘‘bottom-up’’ perspective, in which climate change is just one factor among many to consider. We here reflect on the insights provided in a different context—that of economics—by E.F. Schumacher in his celebrated book Small is Beautiful (1973), to see what light they might shed on this challenge, with a focus on climate-change science for adaptation. Schumacher asked how economics might look if it was structured “as if people mattered”. We ask the same question of climate-change science, and find many parallels. One is the need to grapple with the complexity of local situations, which can be addressed by expressing climate knowledge in a conditional form. A second is the importance of simplicity when dealing with deep uncertainty, which can be addressed through the use of physical climate storylines. A third is the need to empower local communities to make sense of their own situation, which can be addressed by developing ‘‘intermediate technologies’’ that build trust and transparency. Much of climate-change science is necessarily big science. We argue that in order to make climate information useable for adaptation, it is also necessary to discover the beauty of smallness.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the basic culprits behind chronic liver disease, which may result in cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. In spite of the extensive research conducted, a vaccine against HCV has not been yet created. We have obtained human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and used them for expressing the HCV NS5A protein as a model vaccination platform. Sixteen hMSC lines of a different origin were transfected with the pcNS5A-GFP plasmid to obtain genetically modified MSCs (mMSCs). The highest efficiency was obtained by the transfection of dental pulp MSCs. C57BL/6 mice were immunized intravenously with mMSCs, and the immune response was compared with the response to the pcNS5A-GFP plasmid, which was injected intramuscularly. It was shown that the antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and the number of IFN-γ-synthesizing cells were two to three times higher after the mMSC immunization compared to the DNA immunization. In addition, mMSCs induced more CD4+ memory T cells and an increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio. The results suggest that the immunostimulatory effect of mMSCs is associated with the switch of MSCs to the pro-inflammatory phenotype and a decrease in the proportion of myeloid derived suppressor cells. Thus, the possibility of using human mMSCs for the creation of a vaccine against HCV has been shown for the first time.