7,443 results on '"Oli AN"'
Search Results
202. Improving students' openness to artificial intelligence through risk awareness and digital literacy: Evidence form a developing country
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Musyaffi, Ayatulloh Michael, Adha, Maulana Amirul, Mukhibad, Hasan, and Oli, Mario Colega
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- 2024
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203. Exposure hazards of As in semi-urban rivers of Anambra, South-East Nigeria: Concentrations, source apportionments, health risks, and irrigation quality assessments
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Oli, Christian Chukwuemeka, Offor, Chideraa Courage, Ezeudu, Emeka Christian, and Muotanya, Chinecherem Lilian
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- 2024
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204. Differences in clinical presentation and outcomes in pregnancy-associated Takotsubo Syndrome- A scoping review of the literature: Outcomes in pregnancy-associated Takotsubo
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Udemgba, Chinelo, Bravo-Jaimes, Katia, Mejia, Miluska O., Oli, Prakash Raj, Shrestha, Dhan Bahadur, Dawadi, Sagun, Kadariya, Dinesh, and Velarde, Gladys
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- 2024
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205. Groundwater contamination and its potential health risk in Oba community, Anambra State, southeastern Nigeria: an index analysis approach
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Ezeudu, Emeka Christian, Offor, Chideraa Courage, Oli, Christian Chukwuemeka, and Nzelu, Adaobi Susan
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- 2024
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206. Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial study of silver nanoparticles using methanolic fraction of Artemisia vulgaris leaf
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Sandhya Parajuli, Pujan Nepal, Ganesh Prasad Awasthi, Hari Bhakta Oli, Ram Lal Swagat Shrestha, Puspa Lal Homagai, and Deval Prasad Bhattarai
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Artemisia vulgaris ,leaf extract ,green chemistry ,AgNPs ,antibacterial activity ,antifungal activity ,Technology ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Science - Abstract
Rational selection of active biomolecules in the synthesis of nanoparticles for reducing the precursor and functionalizing the nanoparticles (NPs) can offer remarkable comeback of biocompatibility and biological applicability. This work aimed at the synthesis of a cost-effective, ecofriendly, and a facile approach of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using methanolic leaf extract of Artemisia vulgaris. The phytochemical constituents present in the methanolic extract were characterized by qualitative chemical tests and spectroscopic measurements and employed for the reduction of silver nitrate into silver nanoparticles. Formation of AgNPs was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopic measurement. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy reflected the presence of characteristic functional groups associated with the phytochemical constituents involved in the formation of nanoparticles. The crystalline phase and morphology of the NPs were assessed form X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. XRD pattern revealed the crystalline nature of nanoparticles with grain size of ∼ 28 nm based on the Debye Scherer formula. Study of antimicrobial activity of AgNPs against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtili, Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, and fungus Candida albicans exhibited good potential to control the bacterial and fungal growth. more...
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- 2024
207. Peptic Ulcer Disease among Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
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Shova Sapkota, Saurav Sen Oli, Mamata Karki, and Prerana Singh Rokaha
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digestive system endoscopy ,duodenal ulcer ,stomach ulcer. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Peptic ulcer is a common disease of gastrointestinal tract usually present with epigastric pain and discomfort. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is its gold standard investigation. There has been limited study on the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease among patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy especially in Nepal. Our study aimed to find the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease among patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy at our centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at a tertiary care centre from October 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023. Data was retrieved from hospital records using a preformed proforma and sample size of 219 was calculated and data of 273 cases was collected using the convenience method of sampling. Results: Among 273 patients, peptic ulcer disease was found in 29 (10.62%) of patients among which 28 (10.25%) had antral ulcer and only 1 (0.36%) had duodenal ulcer. Conclusions: The prevalence of peptic ulcer disease is lower in our study centre compared to other studies and further studies can be conducted on the associated risk factors and socio-demographic distribution of peptic ulcer disease. more...
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- 2024
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208. Self-medication among Basic Science Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
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Prabineshwor Prasad Lekhak, Nischal Mainali, Swagata Mandal, Smriti Basnet, and Natalia Oli
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drugs ,medical ,prescription ,self-medication ,students. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Self-medication is using drugs to treat self-diagnosed signs or symptoms of oneself or others. Being closer to pharmacology and pathology, medical students have been more prone to it. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-medication among basic sciences medical students in a tertiary care centre in Kathmandu. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among basic science students from 15 February 2023 to 14 March 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 04122022/04). A convenience sampling method was used. Data were collected online and analysed. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated. Results: Among 322 basic science medical students the prevalence of self-medication was 218 (67.70%) (64.81–70.59 at 95% Confidence Interval). Fever was the most common condition treated by self-medication 106 (48.62%) and paracetamol was the most common medication 93 (42.66%). Of those who engaged in self-medication, 97 (44.50%) did so to save time. Moreover, within this group, 67 (30.73%) experienced adverse drug reactions, leading 37 (16.97%) of these students to visit a private doctor. Additionally, 138 (63.30%) refrained from prescribing medication to their family and friends. Conclusions: Self-medication among basic science medical students was found to be lower in comparison to other studies done in similar settings. more...
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- 2024
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209. Herlyn Werner Wunderlich Syndrome with Hydrocolpos: A Case Report
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Saurav Sen Oli, Shova Sapkota, Rupa Bajagain, Rachana Saha, and Suman Paudel
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case reports ,hydrocolpos ,mullerian ducts ,uterine didelphys. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome is a very rare congenital malformation of the urogenital tract involving both the Mullerian and Wolffian ducts characterized by the triad uterine diadelphys, obstructed vagina, and unilateral renal agenesis. If not diagnosed on time it may progress to adverse gynecological complications making timely diagnosis and treatment crucial. We hereby present a 14-year girl with right flank pain diagnosed as Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome by ultrasound scan which was managed surgically with drainage of hydrocolpos and marsupialization of vaginal septum. On two weeks follow up patient had symptomatic improvement with no any complications. more...
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- 2024
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210. Enhanced electrochemical performance of Bi2O3 via facile synthesis as anode material for ultra-long cycle lifespan lithium-ion batteries
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Nischal Oli, Wilber Ortiz Lago, Balram Tripathi, Mohan Bhattarai, Brad R. Weiner, Gerardo Morell, and Ram S. Katiyar
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Bismuth oxide ,Long-lasting ,Carboxymethyl cellulose ,Fluoroethylene carbonate ,Lithium-ion batteries ,Industrial electrochemistry ,TP250-261 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The urgent demand for stable electrode materials, especially for the anode, arises in the pursuit of high-energy Li-ion batteries. This research focuses on bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and uncovers its performance through a straightforward, commercially viable synthesis route, along with the optimization of binders and electrolytes. By employing a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose binder and fluoroethylene carbonate additives, the Bi2O3 anode demonstrates significantly enhanced performance compared to prior studies. It attains an impressive initial capacity of approximately 750 mA h g−1, exhibits excellent rate capability at 1000 mA g−1 and maintains stable cycling performance over 6000 cycles. more...
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- 2024
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211. Improving students' openness to artificial intelligence through risk awareness and digital literacy: Evidence form a developing country
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Ayatulloh Michael Musyaffi, Maulana Amirul Adha, Hasan Mukhibad, and Mario Colega Oli
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Accounting student ,Artificial intelligence ,Digital literacy ,Perceived risk ,Self-efficacy ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The integration of technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI) in learning process has the potential to enhance learning efficiency by offering diverse perspectives and quick information access. However, this reliance on AI can lead to overdependence, thereby diminishing the overall learning experience. This study aims to explore student acceptance and risk factors for learning using AI through the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This cross-sectional study surveyed 218 accounting students using a structured questionnaire. The internal consistency of latent constructs was verified through Cronbach's alpha, followed by exploratory factor analysis to ensure the unidimensionality of these constructs. The theoretical framework was tested using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The result suggests that students with higher self-confidence demonstrate greater enthusiasm for learning AI, while digital literacy significantly influences the perceived ease of use. While accessibility is not prioritized, functionality and information accuracy are deemed more critical. The research model posits that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, self-efficacy, digital literacy, and perceived risk impact student acceptance of AI. Perceived usefulness and self-efficacy positively influence student acceptance, while perceived risk has a negative impact. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of increasing basic technological literacy among students in online learning environments. Despite these insights, the study is limited by its focus on accounting students, and future research should consider a broader demographic. This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the role of digital literacy and self-efficacy in AI adoption, offering valuable implications for educators and AI service providers. more...
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- 2024
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212. Tumour Immunotherapy and Applications of Immunological Products: A Review of Literature
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Angus Nnamdi Oli, Samson Adedeji Adejumo, Adekunle Babajide Rowaiye, Joyce Oloaigbe Ogidigo, Jarrad Hampton-Marcell, and Gordon C. Ibeanu
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Malignant tumors, characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, are a leading global health challenge, responsible for over 9.7 million deaths in 2022, with new cases expected to rise to 35 million annually by 2050. Immunotherapy is preferred to other cancer therapies, offering precise targeting of malignant cells while simultaneously strengthening the immune system’s complex responses. Advances in this novel field of science have been closely linked to a deeper knowledge of tumor biology, particularly the intricate interplay between tumor cells, the immune system, and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are central to cancer progression and immune evasion. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms that govern these interactions, emphasizing their critical role in the development of effective immunotherapeutic products. We critically evaluate the current immunotherapy approaches, including cancer vaccines, adoptive T cell therapies, and cytokine-based treatments, highlighting their efficacy and safety. We also explore the latest advancements in combination therapies, which synergistically integrate multiple immunotherapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and enhance therapeutic outcomes. This review offers key insights into the future of cancer immunotherapy with a focus on advancing more effective and personalized treatment strategies. more...
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- 2024
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213. Eco-Friendly Synthesis of CuO@ZnO Nanocomposites Using Artemisia vulgaris Leaf Extract and Study of Its Photocatalytic Activity for Methylene Blue
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Pujan Nepal, Sandhya Parajuli, Ganesh Prasad Awasthi, Krishna Prasad Sharma, Hari Bhakta Oli, Ram Lal Shrestha, and Deval Prasad Bhattarai
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Technology (General) ,T1-995 - Abstract
In this study, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and copper oxide/zinc oxide nanocomposites (CuO@ZnO NPs) were synthesized by green synthetic route where bioactive compounds inherently present in the leaf extract of Artemisia vulgaris act as stabilizing and reducing agents. Phytochemicals present in leaf extract were assessed by qualitative chemical tests and spectroscopic measurements. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the as-synthesized nanomaterials, i.e., CuO, ZnO, and CuO@ZnO NPs. XRD pattern revealed the crystalline nature of nanoparticles. Based on the Debye–Scherrer formula, the sizes of CuO NPs, ZnO NPs, and CuO@ZnO NCs were found to be 17.24, 20.74, and 22.50 nm, respectively. The band gap of the as-prepared nanomaterials was measured using the Tauc plot. Using the nanomaterials, MB degradation was studied at room temperature under exposure to UV light. The degradation efficiency of CuO, ZnO, and 2% CuO@ZnO was found to be 52%, 68%, and 98%, respectively. Kinetic degradation process reveals that the CuO@ZnO NCs showed a better photocatalytic activity on MB dye with the degradation constant of 0.04124 min−1 compared to those of either constituent. Based on the findings, it was found that CuO@ZnO nanocomposites have the potential to degrade MB as an organic dye and can be used for wastewater treatment. more...
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- 2024
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214. Quality of routine health facility data for monitoring maternal, newborn and child health indicators: A desk review of DHIS2 data in Lumbini Province, Nepal
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Keshab Sanjel, Shiv Lal Sharma, Swadesh Gurung, Man Bahadur Oli, Samikshya Singh, and Tuk Prasad Pokhrel
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Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2024
215. Final Design and On-Sky Testing of the iLocater SX Acquisition Camera: Broadband Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
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Crass, Jonathan, Bechter, Andrew, Sands, Brian, King, David L., Ketterer, Ryan, Engstrom, Matthew, Hamper, Randall, Kopon, Derek, Smous, James, Crepp, Justin R., Montoya, Manny, Durney, Oli, Cavalieri, David, Reynolds, Robert, Vansickle, Michael, Onuma, Eleanya, Thomes, Joseph, Mullin, Scott, Shelton, Chris, Wallace, Kent, Bechter, Eric, Vaz, Amali, Power, Jennifer, Rahmer, Gustavo, and Ertel, Steve more...
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
Enabling efficient injection of light into single-mode fibers (SMFs) is a key requirement in realizing diffraction-limited astronomical spectroscopy on ground-based telescopes. SMF-fed spectrographs, facilitated by the use of adaptive optics (AO), offer distinct advantages over comparable seeing-limited designs, including higher spectral resolution within a compact and stable instrument volume, and a telescope independent spectrograph design. iLocater is an extremely precise radial velocity (EPRV) spectrograph being built for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). We have designed and built the front-end fiber injection system, or acquisition camera, for the SX (left) primary mirror of the LBT. The instrument was installed in 2019 and underwent on-sky commissioning and performance assessment. In this paper, we present the instrument requirements, acquisition camera design, as well as results from first-light measurements. Broadband single-mode fiber coupling in excess of 35% (absolute) in the near-infrared (0.97-1.31{\mu}m) was achieved across a range of target magnitudes, spectral types, and observing conditions. Successful demonstration of on-sky performance represents both a major milestone in the development of iLocater and in making efficient ground-based SMF-fed astronomical instruments a reality., Comment: 18 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS more...
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- 2020
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216. The Majorana Demonstrator's Search for Double-Beta Decay of $^{76}$Ge to Excited States of $^{76}$Se
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Arnquist, I. J., Avignone III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Barton, C. J., Bertrand, F. E., Blalock, E., Bos, B., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Chan, Y-D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M. L., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Drobizhev, A., Edwards, T. R., Edwins, D. W., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hoppe, E. W., Hostiuc, A., Kidd, M. F., Kim, I., Kouzes, R. T., Lopez, A. M., López-Castaño, J. M., Martin, E. L., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Myslik, J., Oli, T. K., Othman, G., Paudel, L. S., Pettus, W., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Ruof, N. W., Saykı, B., Stortini, M. J., Tedeschi, D., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yu, C. -H., and Zhu, B. X. more...
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Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
The Majorana Demonstrator is a neutrinoless double-beta decay search consisting of a low-background modular array of high-purity germanium detectors, $\sim2/3$ of which are enriched to 88\% in $^{76}$Ge. The experiment is also searching for double-beta decay of $^{76}$Ge to excited states (e.s.) in $^{76}$Se. $^{76}$Ge can decay into three daughter states of $^{76}$Se, with clear event signatures consisting of a $\beta\beta$-decay followed by the prompt emission of one or two $\gamma$-rays. This results with high probability in multi-detector coincidences. The granularity of the Demonstrator detector array enables powerful discrimination of this event signature from backgrounds. Using 41.9~kg-y of isotopic exposure, the Demonstrator has set world leading limits for each e.s.\ decay of $^{76}$Ge, with 90\% CL lower half-life limits in the range of $(0.75-4.0)\times10^{24}$~y. In particular, for the $2\nu$ transition to the first $0^+$ e.s.\ of $^{76}$Se, a lower half-life limit of $7.5\times10^{23}$~y at 90\% CL was achieved., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures more...
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- 2020
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217. $\alpha$-event Characterization and Rejection in Point-Contact HPGe Detectors
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The MAJORANA Collaboration, Arnquist, I. J., Avignone III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Barton, C. J., Bertrand, F. E., Blalock, E., Bos, B., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Chan, Y-D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M. L., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Drobizhev, A., Edwards, T. R., Edwins, D. W., Efremenko, Yu., Elliott, S. R., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Hegedus, R. J., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hoppe, E. W., Hostiuc, A., Kim, I., Kouzes, R. T., Lopez, A. M., López-Castaño, J. M., Martin, E. L., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Myslik, J., Oli, T. K., Othman, G., Pettus, W., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Ruof, N. W., Saykı, B., Schönert, S., Stortini, M. J., Tedeschi, D., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yu, C. -H., and Zhu, B. X. more...
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
P-type point contact (PPC) HPGe detectors are a leading technology for rare event searches due to their excellent energy resolution, low thresholds, and multi-site event rejection capabilities. We have characterized a PPC detector's response to $\alpha$ particles incident on the sensitive passivated and p+ surfaces, a previously poorly-understood source of background. The detector studied is identical to those in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment, a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{76}$Ge. $\alpha$ decays on most of the passivated surface exhibit significant energy loss due to charge trapping, with waveforms exhibiting a delayed charge recovery (DCR) signature caused by the slow collection of a fraction of the trapped charge. The DCR is found to be complementary to existing methods of $\alpha$ identification, reliably identifying $\alpha$ background events on the passivated surface of the detector. We demonstrate effective rejection of all surface $\alpha$ events (to within statistical uncertainty) with a loss of only 0.2% of bulk events by combining the DCR discriminator with previously-used methods. The DCR discriminator has been used to reduce the background rate in the $0\nu\beta\beta$ region of interest window by an order of magnitude in the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, and will be used in the upcoming LEGEND-200 experiment., Comment: Accepted for publication in European Journal of Physics C more...
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- 2020
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218. ADC Nonlinearity Correction for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR
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Abgrall, N., Allmond, J. M., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Barton, C. J., Bertrand, F. E., Bos, B., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Campbell, C. M., Chan, Y-D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M. L., Crawford, H. L., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Drobizhev, A., Edwins, D. W., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Hegedus, R. J., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hoppe, E. W., Hostiuc, A., Kidd, M. F., Kim, I., Kouzes, R. T., Lopez, A. M., Lopez-Castano, J. M., Martin, E. L., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Myslik, J., Oli, T. K., Othman, G., Pettus, W., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Ruof, N. W., Stortini, M. J., Tedeschi, D., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., White, B. R., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yu, C. -H., Zhu, B. X., and Shanks, B. more...
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
Imperfections in analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) cannot be ignored when signal digitization requirements demand both wide dynamic range and high resolution, as is the case for the Majorana Demonstrator 76Ge neutrinoless double beta decay search. Enabling the experiment's high-resolution spectral analysis and efficient pulse shape discrimination required careful measurement and correction of ADC nonlinearites. A simple measurement protocol was developed that did not require sophisticated equipment or lengthy data taking campaigns. A slope-dependent hysteresis was observed and characterized. A correction applied to digitized waveforms prior to signal processing reduced the differential and integral nonlinearites by an order of magnitude, eliminating these as dominant contributions to the systematic energy uncertainty at the double-beta decay Q value. more...
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- 2020
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219. Prospect of undoped inorganic crystals at 77 Kelvin for low-mass dark matter search at Spallation Neutron Source
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Chernyak, Dmitry, Pershey, Daniel, Liu, Jing, Ding, Keyu, Saunders, Nathan, and Oli, Tupendra
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Investigated in this work were sensitivities of a prototype detector for the detection of low-mass dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in two years of data taking. The presumed prototype consisted of 10 kg undoped CsI or NaI scintillation crystals directly coupled with SiPM arrays operated at 77 K. Compared to the COHERENT CsI(Na) detector, a much higher light yield was assumed for the prototype. An experiment with a cylindrical 1~kg undoped CsI crystal coupled directly to two photomultiplier tubes at about 77~K was conducted as the first step to verify the idea. A light yield of $26.0 \pm 0.4$ photoelectrons per keV electron-equivalent was achieved. This eliminated the concern of self light absorption in large crystals raised in some of the early studies., Comment: 12 pages, 18 figures more...
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- 2020
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220. Metal enrichment in the circumgalactic medium and Ly{\alpha} haloes around quasars at z $\sim$3
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Guo, Yucheng, Maiolino, Roberto, Jiang, Linhua, Matsuoka, Kenta, Nagao, Tohru, Dors, Oli Luiz, Ginolfi, Michele, Henden, Nick, Bennett, Jake, Sijacki, Debora, and Puchwein, Ewald
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Deep observations have detected extended Ly$\alpha$ emission nebulae surrounding tens of quasars at redshift 2 to 6. However, the metallicity of such extended haloes is still poorly understood. We perform a detailed analysis on a large sample of 80 quasars at $z\sim3$ based on MUSE-VLT data. We find clear evidence of extended emission of the UV nebular lines such as CIV or HeII for about 20$\%$ of the sample, while CIII] is only marginally detected in a few objects. By stacking the cubes we detect emission of CIV, HeII and CIII] out to a radius of about 45 kpc. CIV and HeII show a radial decline much steeper than Ly$\alpha$, while CIII] shows a shallower profile similar to Ly$\alpha$ in the inner 45 kpc. We infer that the average metallicity of the circumgalactic gas within the central 30-50~kpc is $\sim$0.5 solar, or even higher. However, we also find evidence of a component of the Ly$\alpha$ haloes, which has much weaker metal emission lines relative to Ly$\alpha$. We suggest that the high metallicity of the circumgalactic medium within the central 30-50 kpc is associated with chemical pre-enrichment by past quasar-driven outflows and that there is a more extended component of the CGM that has much lower metallicity and likely associated with near-pristine gas accreted from the intergalactic medium. We show that our observational results are in good agreement with the expectations of the FABLE zoom-in cosmological simulations., Comment: 24 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ more...
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- 2020
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221. Purtscher-like retinopathy and paracentral acute middle maculopathy following breast filler injection
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Pee, Xu Kent, Low, Adeline, Ab Kahar, Mas Edi Putriku Intan, Mohamed, Shelina Oli, and Chong, Ying-Jiun
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- 2023
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222. Abstract 18533: Exploring the Rising Incidence of Myocarditis and Other Cardiovascular Adverse Events of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab: Analysis of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database
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Khanal, Resha, Oli, Sharad, Rajak, Kripa, Halder, Anupam, Hufdhi, Raied, BHANDARI, BINITA, Oli, Shital, and Alraies, M Chadi C
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- 2023
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223. Habitat Pr Habitat Preference by Himala y Himalayan Musk Deer (Moschus an Musk Deer (Moschus leucogaster) in Shey Phoksundo National Park, Nepal
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Rishi Ram Paudel, Aman Oli, and Pramod Ghimire
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Himalayan Musk Deer (Moschus leucogaster) is distributed across the mid-mountainous region from the elevation of 3000 m to 4000 m. Shey Phoskundo National Park lies in western Nepal and Shey Phoksundo Rural Municipality serves as the prime habitat in this region. The main objective of this study was to find out the habitat preference of Himalayan Musk Deer and to evaluate all the suitable habitats. Transects survey were done to evaluate the preferred attributes of the species. Pellets were rarely found where the crown cover was more than 75 % but the resting sites were abundantly found there and forest of Pinus wallichiana and Betula utilis were found to be used mostly. Deforestation of temperate mixed forests and illegal poaching of musk deer for musk pods should be clamped down for the conservation of this endangered species. Keywords: Deforestation, ecological behaviour, ivlev’s electivity index, Himalayan Musk Deer, Nepal. more...
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- 2023
224. Assessment of irrigation water allocation, Koftu, Ethiopia
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Deme Betele Hirko, Mekonen Ayana Gebul, Jakobus Andries Du Plessis, and Walabuma Oli Emama
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adequacy ,dependability ,equity ,irrigation ,water allocation ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 - Abstract
This research investigates the fair and efficient distribution of water among irrigators, focusing on the timely and uniform delivery of water. To achieve this, the study utilized various methods such as group discussions, critical informant and expert interviews, and field flow measurements. The degree of fairness in the distribution of irrigation water was determined by analyzing the shift in the relative water supply to end users. The effectiveness of irrigation is inversely proportional to the relative irrigation supply, which can be observed in the scheme's water delivery indicators. The study found that while the estimated delivered flow of water in the head, middle, and tail reaches of the canal was 1.21, 0.58, and 0.23 m3/s respectively, the required quantity of discharge was only 0.81, 0.31, and 0.15 m3/s. This discrepancy resulted in the inadequate, unreliable, and unequal water supply to irrigators. The research revealed that canal operation and maintenance were the main factors limiting the system's capacity. The findings showed that the adequacy, dependability, equality, and efficiency values were 0.8, 0.14, 0.40, and 0.71, respectively, suggesting that improvements are needed to ensure the timely and equitable distribution of water to irrigators. HIGHLIGHTS Water distribution among irrigators is the subject of research, with an emphasis on timely and uniform delivery.; A variety of techniques, including conversations, interviews, and flow measurements, were employed to research the distribution of irrigation water.; Irrigation efficiency is inversely correlated with relative supply, and this relationship was used to evaluate fairness by examining changes in relative water supply.; The study found a large disparity between the estimated and required water flow, leading to an inadequate, unstable, and unequal supply for irrigators.; Improvements are required to get around restrictions in canal operation and maintenance to offer timely and equitable water distribution, which has the potential to boost sufficiency, reliability, equality, and efficiency of the distribution system.; more...
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- 2023
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225. Sentidos de la educación en el pueblo afrochocoano
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Oli Maturana Correa
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afrochocoano ,afrodiaspórico ,diáspora africana ,educación ,Education ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Sentidos de la educación en el pueblo Afrochocoano, analiza desde una perspectiva histórica la educación con el objetivo de interpretar y reflexionar sobre sus significados en los diferentes momentos vividos por la diáspora del pueblo negro en el departamento del Chocó. Metodológicamente se configura un ejercicio de tipo descriptivo- argumentativo producto de la revisión bibliográfica, donde el investigador hace una introspección en la historia, en el pensamiento educativo afrocolombiano y en la visión de precursores de esta concepción educativa en, desde y para el territorio como camino para visibilizar epistemologías propias. De la reflexión, se identifica la presencia/ausencia, vacíos y debilidades de procesos educativos sufridos por las comunidades negras desde la colonia hasta la actualidad. El análisis evidencia que la lucha del pueblo negro, sometidos mediante ejercicios de sumisión epistémica tiene como pilar fundamental la educación. Su visión en los diferentes momentos vividos refleja una necesidad de emanciparse para ser, para estar y para contar como sujetos con derecho y así poder reivindicar su dignidad, su identidad. En el actual momento histórico, el llamado es a generar mecanismos de insumisión epistémica, donde el afrochocoano sea reconocido por sus aportes en la construcción de país. more...
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- 2023
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226. Guidelines from an expert panel for the management of diabetic macular edema in the Malaysian population
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Nor Fariza Ngah, Nor Asiah Muhamad, Shelina Oli Mohamed, Roslin Azni Abdul Aziz, Nur Hasnah Ma'amor, Nor Azita Ahmad Tarmidzi, Hanizasurana Hashim, Hamisah Ishak, Wan Norliza Wan Muda, Rosiah Muda, Azian Adnan, Rafidah Md Saleh, Wong Hon Seng, Nurfahzura Mohd Jamil, Tara Mary George, and Adrian Koh more...
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diabetic macular edema ,guidelines ,consensus ,diabetic retinopathy ,malaysia ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
AIM: To derive a Malaysia guideline and consensus as part of the Malaysia Retina Group's efforts for diagnosis, treatment, and best practices of diabetic macular edema (DME). The experts' panel suggests that the treatment algorithm to be divided into groups according to involvement the central macula. The purpose of DME therapy is to improve edema and achieve the best visual results with the least amount of treatment load. METHODS: On two different occasions, a panel of 14 retinal specialists from Malaysia, together with an external expert, responded to a questionnaire on management of DME. A consensus was sought by voting after compiling, analyzing and discussion on first-phase replies on the round table discussion. A recommendation was deemed to have attained consensus when 12 out of the 14 panellists (85%) agreed with it. RESULTS: The terms target response, adequate response, nonresponse, and inadequate response were developed when the DME patients' treatment responses were first characterized. The panelists reached agreement on a number of DME treatment-related issues, including the need to classify patients prior to treatment, first-line treatment options, the right time to switch between treatment modalities, and side effects associated with steroids. From this agreement, recommendations were derived and a treatment algorithm was created. CONCLUSION: A detail and comprehensive treatment algorithm by Malaysia Retina Group for the Malaysian population provides guidance for treatment allocation of patients with DME. more...
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- 2023
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227. Intravenous iron therapy for iron deficiency in patients with heart failure: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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Oli, Prakash Raj, Shrestha, Dhan Bahadur, Shikhrakar, Shreeja, Shtembari, Jurgen, Biswas, Monodeep, Zaman, Muhammad Omer, Regmi, Laxmi, Patel, Toralben, Sedhai, Yub Raj, and Patel, Nimesh K.
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- 2023
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228. Clinical efficacy and safety outcomes of bempedoic acid: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis after CLEAR Outcomes trial
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Bhandari, Amit, Oli, Prakash Raj, Shrestha, Dhan Bahadur, Dawadi, Sagun, Pathak, Bishnu Deep, Bhandari, Manoj, Sedhai, Yub Raj, Basnet, Bibhusan, Regmi, Laxmi, Singh, Aniruddha, and Patel, Nimesh K.
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- 2023
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229. Validation study of the Korean version of the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS-7) and psychometric comparison of different rating scales
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Park, C. Hyung Keun, Ahmed, Oli, Pang, Nicholas Tze Ping, Kamu, Assis, Silva, Washington Allysson Dantas, and Chung, Seockhoon
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- 2023
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230. Understanding the perception of buffer zone communities to gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) conservation in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
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Pathak, Abhinaya, Bashyal, Ashish, Oli, Bishwa Nath, Thapaliya, Bishnu, Bhattarai, Santosh, Khanal, Sujan, and Paudel, Prashamsa
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- 2023
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231. Performance analysis of OTFT-based SRAM topologies
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Marium, Taniza, Huq, S.M. Ishraqul, Baroi, Oli Lowna, Kabir, Md. Shaikh Abrar, and Biswas, Satyendra N.
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- 2023
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232. ADC Nonlinearity Correction for the Majorana Demonstrator
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Abgrall, N, Allmond, JM, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Barabash, AS, Barton, CJ, Bertrand, FE, Bos, B, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, TS, Campbell, CM, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, Pinghan, Clark, ML, Crawford, HL, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Drobizhev, A, Edwins, DW, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Haufe, CR, Hegedus, RJ, Henning, R, Aguilar, D Hervas, Hoppe, EW, Hostiuc, A, Kidd, MF, Kim, I, Kouzes, RT, Lopez, AM, Lopez-Castano, JM, Martin, EL, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, Meijer, SJ, Mertens, S, Myslik, J, Oli, TK, Othman, G, Pettus, W, Poon, AWP, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reine, AL, Rielage, K, Ruof, NW, Stortini, MJ, Tedeschi, D, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yu, C-H, Zhu, BX, and Shanks, B more...
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Nuclear and Plasma Physics ,Synchrotrons and Accelerators ,Physical Sciences ,Gamma-ray detectors ,neutrinoless double-beta decay ,physics.ins-det ,nucl-ex ,Atomic ,Molecular ,Nuclear ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,Other Physical Sciences ,Biomedical Engineering ,Nuclear & Particles Physics ,Nuclear and plasma physics - Abstract
Imperfections in analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) cannot be ignored when signal digitization requirements demand both wide dynamic range and high resolution, as is the case for the Majorana Demonstrator 76Ge neutrinoless double-beta decay search. Enabling the experiment's high-resolution spectral analysis and efficient pulse shape discrimination required careful measurement and correction of ADC nonlinearities. A simple measurement protocol was developed that did not require sophisticated equipment or lengthy data-taking campaigns. A slope-dependent hysteresis was observed and characterized. A correction applied to digitized waveforms prior to signal processing reduced the differential and integral nonlinearities by an order of magnitude, eliminating these as dominant contributions to the systematic energy uncertainty at the double-beta decay Q value. more...
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- 2021
233. Search for double- β decay of Ge 76 to excited states of Se 76 with the majorana demonstrator
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Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Barabash, AS, Barton, CJ, Bertrand, FE, Blalock, E, Bos, B, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, TS, Chan, YD, Christofferson, CD, Chu, PH, Clark, ML, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Drobizhev, A, Edwards, TR, Edwins, DW, Efremenko, Y, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Haufe, CR, Henning, R, Hervas Aguilar, D, Hoppe, EW, Hostiuc, A, Kidd, MF, Kim, I, Kouzes, RT, Lopez, AM, López-Castaño, JM, Martin, EL, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, Meijer, SJ, Mertens, S, Myslik, J, Oli, TK, Othman, G, Paudel, LS, Pettus, W, Poon, AWP, Radford, DC, Reine, AL, Rielage, K, Ruof, NW, Saykl, B, Stortini, MJ, Tedeschi, D, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yu, CH, and Zhu, BX more...
- Abstract
The majorana demonstrator is a neutrinoless double-β decay search consisting of a low-background modular array of high-purity germanium detectors, ∼2/3 of which are enriched to 88% in Ge76. The experiment is also searching for double-beta decay of Ge76 to excited states (e.s.) in Se76. Ge76 can decay into three daughter states of Se76, with clear event signatures consisting of a ββ-decay followed by the prompt emission of one or two γ rays. This results with high probability in multi-detector coincidences. The granularity of the demonstrator detector array enables powerful discrimination of this event signature from backgrounds. Using 41.9 kg yr of isotopic exposure, the demonstrator has set world leading limits for each e.s. decay of Ge76, with 90% CL lower half-life limits in the range of (0.75-4.0)×1024 yr. In particular, for the 2ν transition to the first 0+ e.s. of Se76, a lower half-life limit of 7.5×1023 yr at 90% CL was achieved. more...
- Published
- 2021
234. Search for double-β decay of Ge76 to excited states of Se76 with the majorana demonstrator
- Author
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Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Barabash, AS, Barton, CJ, Bertrand, FE, Blalock, E, Bos, B, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Clark, ML, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Drobizhev, A, Edwards, TR, Edwins, DW, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Haufe, CR, Henning, R, Aguilar, D Hervas, Hoppe, EW, Hostiuc, A, Kidd, MF, Kim, I, Kouzes, RT, Lopez, AM, López-Castaño, JM, Martin, EL, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, Meijer, SJ, Mertens, S, Myslik, J, Oli, TK, Othman, G, Paudel, LS, Pettus, W, Poon, AWP, Radford, DC, Reine, AL, Rielage, K, Ruof, NW, Saykı, B, Stortini, MJ, Tedeschi, D, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yu, C-H, and Zhu, BX more...
- Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics ,Particle and High Energy Physics ,Synchrotrons and Accelerators ,Physical Sciences ,Nuclear and plasma physics - Abstract
The majorana demonstrator is a neutrinoless double-β decay search consisting of a low-background modular array of high-purity germanium detectors, ∼2/3 of which are enriched to 88% in Ge76. The experiment is also searching for double-beta decay of Ge76 to excited states (e.s.) in Se76. Ge76 can decay into three daughter states of Se76, with clear event signatures consisting of a ββ-decay followed by the prompt emission of one or two γ rays. This results with high probability in multi-detector coincidences. The granularity of the demonstrator detector array enables powerful discrimination of this event signature from backgrounds. Using 41.9 kg yr of isotopic exposure, the demonstrator has set world leading limits for each e.s. decay of Ge76, with 90% CL lower half-life limits in the range of (0.75-4.0)×1024 yr. In particular, for the 2ν transition to the first 0+ e.s. of Se76, a lower half-life limit of 7.5×1023 yr at 90% CL was achieved. more...
- Published
- 2021
235. The development of dissolved oxygen forecast model using hybrid machine learning algorithm with hydro-meteorological variables
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Ahmed, Abul Abrar Masrur, Jui, S. Janifer Jabin, Chowdhury, Mohammad Aktarul Islam, Ahmed, Oli, and Sutradha, Ambica
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- 2023
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236. Peer Support: An Alternative Approach to Using Lived Experience
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Hawley, Oli, primary
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- 2023
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237. Online Learning and Teaching for the SDGs -- Exploring Emerging University Strategies
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Holmes, Jayden, Moraes, Oli Rafael, Rickards, Lauren, Steele, Wendy, Hotker, Mette, and Richardson, Anthony
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore emerging synergies and tensions between the twin moves to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) and online learning and teaching (L&T) in higher education institutions (HEIs). Design/methodology/approach: A preliminary global exploration of universities' SDG-based L&T initiatives was undertaken, using publicly available grey and academic literature. Across a total sample of 179 HEIs -- identified through global university rankings and analysis of all 42 Australian universities -- 150 SDG-based L&T initiatives were identified. These were analysed to identify common approaches to embedding the SDGs. Findings: Five key approaches to embedding the SDGs into online (and offline) HEI L&T were identified: designing curricula and pedagogy to address the SDGs; orienting the student experience towards the SDGs; aligning graduate outcomes with the SDGs; institutional leadership and capability building; and participating in cross-institutional networks and initiatives. Four preliminary conclusions were drawn from subsequent analysis of these themes and their relevance to online education. Firstly, approaches to SDG L&T varied in degree of alignment between theory and practice. Secondly, many initiatives observed already involve some component of online L&T. Thirdly, questions of equity need to be carefully built into the design of online SDG education. And fourthly, more work needs to be done to ensure that both online and offline L&T are delivering the transformational changes required for and by the SDGs. Research limitations/implications: The research was limited by the availability of information on university websites accessible through a desk-top review in 2019; limited HEI representation; and the scope of the 2019 THE Impact Rankings. Originality/value: To date, there are no other published reviews, of this scale, of SDG L&T initiatives in universities nor analysis of the intersection between these initiatives and the move to online L&T. more...
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- 2022
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238. Towards rational genome design : the genome design suite, whole-cell models and minimal genomes
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Chalkley, Oli, Marucci, Lucia, and Grierson, Claire
- Subjects
572.8 - Abstract
Creating organisms with predetermined traits has long been a goal of synthetic biology and has the potential enable the creation of cell factories, medical tools and bio-materials. The genome is a key factor in controlling attributes of an organism and biologists have made great progress in writing and editing genomes, ushering in an era of synthetic organisms. However, limited understanding of how phenotypes emerge from genotypes has contributed towards a lack of genome design tools leaving genome engineers unsure what genome edits to perform or genomes to create. Computer models hold great potential in aiding the design of genomes but the tools are designed for specific models and do not adapt well. Additionally, the models focus on specific processes in a cell (e.g. metabolism) and miss control mechanisms that feed into those processes from other processes (e.g. gene regulation of metabolic enzymes). Whole-cell modelling may enable models that can incorporate systems-level effects and minimal genomes may simplify the genotype phenotype relationship. Unfortunately, there are currently no methods to accurately find minimal genomes and there is only one published whole-cell model that is hard to use and too computationally expensive to use for large-scale in-silico experiments. This thesis aims to create tools to design in-silico genomes by enabling massive in-silico experiments on state-of-the-art computational models. These tools should be easily adaptable to different models, computers clusters, design goals, and design algorithms. As a proof-of-concept these tools will be used to try and reduce the genome of the only published whole-cell model. The results of this will be further analysed in the hope of learning about the whole solution space of genome reductions and how it may help genome reduction algorithms. Towards these goals we present the genome design suite which enables massive in-silico experiments across multiple computer clusters and can avoid maximum simulation times imposed on the cluster. The code is designed to make it easily adaptable. The genome design suite was used to perform over 100,000 in-silico gene knockout experiments to develop genome reduction algorithms and reduce the whole-cell model of M. genitalium by 165 genes. This minimal genome is described biologically and further analysis of the simulations reveal multiple paths of convergence to the minimal genome, high and low-essential gene combinations and the role of dynamic gene essentiality in shaping the solution space. We conclude that the genome design suite can aid in-silico genome design. The ability to avoid maximum simulation times on clusters and utilise multiple clusters enables larger-scale in-silico experiments giving new insights into solution spaces. Its adaptability allows it to evolve to new models, design goals, and design algorithms. It also enables the genome design tools built on it to utilise new models quickly and vice versa. more...
- Published
- 2020
239. Independence and effectiveness of Shariah department officers to ensure Shariah compliance: evidence from Islamic banks in Bangladesh
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Alam, Md. Kausar, Tabash, Mosab I., Thakur, Oli Ahad, Rahman, Md. Mizanur, Siddiquii, M. Naim, and Hasan, Safiqul
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- 2023
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240. PAWN: Programmed Analog Weights for Non-Linearity Optimization in Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Computing System.
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Saleh Ahmad Khan, Md. Oli-Uz-Zaman, and Jinhui Wang
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- 2023
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241. The Nepalese Diaspora and Adaptation in the United States
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Soni Thapa-Oli and Philip Q. Yang
- Subjects
Nepalese diaspora ,migration ,adaptation ,cultural pluralism ,USA ,Social Sciences - Abstract
The Nepalese in the United States of America (USA) are an emerging diasporic community. In spite of the phenomenal growth of the Nepalese diaspora in the USA in the last more than two decades, little is known about this new diasporic community, especially regarding how the Nepalese adapt to American life. This study documents the rapid growth in Nepalese immigration to the USA in the twenty-first century, based on data from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Using the data from an online survey, it analyzes the experiences of the Nepalese in cultural adaptation, structural adaptation, marital adaptation, identificational adaptation, and receptional adaptation. The results show that although the Nepalese have become partly assimilated to American culture, they still to a large extent retain their ethnic culture, ethnic association, ethnic identity, and ethnic marital partners, and they have had mixed experiences of prejudice and discrimination. The findings have significant scholarly and practical implications. more...
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- 2024
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242. Hydrocarbon potentials of sediments of the Ikom-Mamfe embayment, Southeastern Nigeria and Western Cameroon
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Asi, May Okah, Adamu, Christopher Iorfa, Okon, Emmanuel Etim, Neji, Peter Amba, Nganje, Therese Ntonzi, Oli, Olowhu Oli, and Eneogwe, Chidi
- Published
- 2022
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243. Infection prevention and control compliance of healthcare workers towards COVID-19 in conflict-affected public hospitals of Ethiopia
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Chala Daba, Amanuel Atamo, Daniel Gebretsadik Weldehanna, Abdi Oli, Sisay Abebe Debela, Amana Ogeto Luke, and Mesfin Gebrehiwot
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective Non-compliance with COVID-19 infection prevention and control (IPC) is one of the global public health problems particularly among those frontline healthcare workers. However, there are no detailed investigations on COVID-19 IPC compliance among healthcare workers in conflict-affected settings. The objective of this research was to assess compliance with COVID-19 IPC measures and determine the factors associated with it among healthcare providers in Ethiopian governmental hospitals affected by conflict.Design A cross-sectional study was carried out within institutional settings.Study setting and period The study was conducted in three public hospitals located in northeastern Ethiopia during the period of March to April 2022.Participants Simple random sampling technique was used to select 325 healthcare workers after proportional allocation was made to each public hospital.Primary outcome measures The primary outcome was non-compliance with COVID-19 IPC. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with the lack of adherence to the COVID-19 IPC protocol.Results Nearly half (150, 46.2%) of the healthcare workers had non-compliance with COVID-19 IPC protocol. Absence of hand washing soap (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.99; 95% CI 2.46 to 5.76), workload (AOR=2.25; 95% CI 1.33 to 3.84), disruption in the supply of piped water (AOR=1.82; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.99), did not undergo training in COVID-19 IPC (AOR=2.85; 95% CI 1.85 to 4.84), absence of COVID-19 IPC guidelines (AOR=2.14; 95% CI 1.11 to 4.13) and chewing khat (AOR=2.3; 95% CI 1.32 to 3.72) were determinant factors for non-compliance.Conclusions The magnitude of non-compliance with COVID-19 IPC was high. Hospital managers and federal ministry of health should provide regular training on COVID-19 IPC, continuous piped water and personal protective facilities for healthcare workers. Ultimately, improving the security situation in the area would help improve COVID-19 IPC compliance among healthcare workers in these and other similar conflict-affected settings. more...
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- 2023
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244. Decline in small mammal species richness in coastal‐central California, 1997–2013
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Yadav P. Ghimirey, William D. Tietje, Anne Y. Polyakov, James E. Hines, and Madan K. Oli
- Subjects
climate variability ,climate‐driven species richness ,colonization‐extinction dynamics ,imperfect detection ,multiseason occupancy modeling ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Abstract The richness and composition of a small mammal community inhabiting semiarid California oak woodland may be changing in response to climate change, but we know little about the causes or consequence of these changes. We applied a capture‐mark‐recapture model to 17 years (1997–2013) of live trapping data to estimate species‐specific abundances. The big‐eared woodrat was the most frequently captured species in the area, contributing 58% of total captures. All small mammal populations exhibited seasonal fluctuations, whereas those of the California mouse, brush mouse, and pinyon mouse declined during the study period. We also applied a multispecies dynamic occupancy model to our small mammal detection history data to estimate species richness, occupancy (ψ), detection (p), local extinction (ϵ), and colonization (γ) probabilities, and to discern factors affecting these parameters. We found that ψ decreased from 0.369 ± 0.088 in 1997 to 0.248 ± 0.054 in 2013; γ was lower during the dry season (May–September) than the wet season (October–April) and was positively influenced by total seasonal rainfall (slope parameter, β = 0.859 ± 0.371; 95% CI = 0.132–1.587). Mean mammalian species richness decreased from 11.943 ± 0.461 in 1997 to 7.185 ± 0.425 in 2013. With highly variable climatic patterns expected in the future, especially increased frequency and intensity of droughts, it is important to monitor small mammal communities inhabiting threatened California oak woodlands. more...
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- 2023
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245. Intravenous iron therapy for iron deficiency in patients with heart failure: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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Prakash Raj Oli, Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Shreeja Shikhrakar, Jurgen Shtembari, Monodeep Biswas, Muhammad Omer Zaman, Laxmi Regmi, Toralben Patel, Yub Raj Sedhai, and Nimesh K. Patel
- Subjects
Iron therapy ,Heart failure ,Cardiovascular mortality ,Heart failure hospitalization ,Medicine - Abstract
Iron deficiency with or without anemia is a common comorbidity co-existing with heart failure patients and is an independent risk factor for heart failure exacerbation and worse prognosis. A growing number of randomized clinical trials and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous iron use in heart failure patients. However, the findings from them are inconsistent and often conflicting. This meta-analysis was performed based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items or Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines after registering in PROSPERO (CRD42023395888). A literature search was conducted using a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases until September 30, 2023. Pertinent data from the included studies were extracted and analyzed using RevMan v5.4. Out of 4585 studies evaluated, 16 randomized control trials with 6739 acute or chronic heart failure patients were included for analysis. The intravenous iron therapy significantly lowered the composite HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death (OR 0.56; 95 % CI 0.40 to 0.79; I2 = 83 %, P == 0.001), HF hospitalization (OR 0.69, 95 % CI 0.54 to 0.90; I2=57 %, P == 0.005), improved 6-minute walk test (MD: 20.02 (95 % CI 8.16 to 31.87; I2=40 %, P == 0.0009), and the change in mean LVEF (MD: 2.03, 95 % CI 0.49–3.58; P == 0.010). The risks of total and serious adverse events were not significantly increased with the iron therapy compared to the placebo/standard of care group. Based on this meta-analysis, the intravenous iron intervention among heart failure patients with iron deficiency significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization from heart failure exacerbation. In addition, there was improved exercise performance and left ventricular function from baseline with no significant increased risk of serious adverse events. more...
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- 2023
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246. Clinical efficacy and safety outcomes of bempedoic acid: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis after CLEAR Outcomes trial
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Amit Bhandari, Prakash Raj Oli, Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Sagun Dawadi, Bishnu Deep Pathak, Manoj Bhandari, Yub Raj Sedhai, Bibhusan Basnet, Laxmi Regmi, Aniruddha Singh, and Nimesh K. Patel
- Subjects
Bempedoic acid ,Statin ,Statin intolerance ,Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases ,Hyperlipidemia ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose: Statins are the cornerstone therapy for primary or secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, a significant portion of patients are intolerant to statin or show inadequate lipid-lowering. Bempedoic acid (BA) has been shown to decrease low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in clinical trials. However, the evidence on the effect of BA on clinical cardiovascular outcomes was limited until the CLEAR Outcomes trial. Thus, to fully appraise the available data, we performed this meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Pubmed Central, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles published before May 1, 2023. Pertinent data from the included studies were extracted and analyzed using RevMan v5.4. Results: Out of 2209 studies evaluated, five randomized control trials with 17,384 patients with established ASCVD or at high risk of ASCVD were included for analysis. The BA therapy reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (OR 0.85, CI 0.77-0.93; more...
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- 2023
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247. Fuzzy derivations of d-ideals of d-algebras and Cartesian product of Fuzzy derivation of d-ideals of d-algebras
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Abdi Oli and Gerima Tefera
- Subjects
Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 ,Cybernetics ,Q300-390 - Abstract
The concepts of left (right) fuzzy derivations of d-ideals of d-algebra is introduced. The cartesian product of left (right) fuzzy derivations of d-ideals are investigated. Different characterizations of right (left) fuzzy derivation of ideals of d-algebra are discussed. more...
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- 2023
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248. Predation and theft: the standing threats of the scavenging chicken production system
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Takele Taye Desta and Oli Wakeyo
- Subjects
Indigenous village chickens ,predators and theft challenge ,evading methods ,small-scale farmers ,agroecology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Indigenous Village Chickens (IVCs) obtain most of their feed from a scavenging feed resource base. Free roaming makes IVCs express their instincts at will, which could enhance their welfare. Free-ranging has also endowed IVCs with excellent explorative behavior. However, predators might have also co-evolved, which necessitates special interference from smallholder farmers to reduce the adverse impact of predators. This study identified the main predators of IVCs and the evading strategies adopted by smallholder farmers. This cross-sectional study involved a general interview with 119 smallholder farmers. The prevalence of enset, Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman, around the farmer's backyard can impose a significant threat because it shelters terrestrial predators. Smallholder farmers evade predators through patrolling, guarding dogs, fencing, confinement, and, in rare cases, killing. An unplanned conversation made with an informant revealed that men with some clerical ability but no priesthood title incantate on whole grains of black wheat. When the chicken is fed this grain, reportedly, the aerial predator becomes weak and cannot catch the chicken. The agroecological zone has a statistically significant impact on the proportions of predators encountered and the types of evading strategies adopted by smallholder farmers. This association entails the need for developing agroecology-based predator-evading methods. Predators' evading methods, however, need to be refined further to reduce the recurrent losses of chickens. The threats associated with predators' challenges must be thoroughly investigated to advance their evading strategies. Another problem that leads to the significant loss of family poultry is theft. In addition to the strategies used to avoid predators, which may also apply to controlling theft, the legal system must be well-organized to punish such misdeeds. more...
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- 2023
- Full Text
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249. Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Visiting the Outpatient Department of Internal Medicine in a Tertiary Care Centre
- Author
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Prabin Adhikari, Kaushal Oli, and Saloni Shrestha
- Subjects
diabetes mellitus ,fatty liver ,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ,prevalence ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness which is mainly associated with reduced physical activity and obesity. Diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may coexist and synergistically lead to poor clinical outcomes. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the outpatient department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre between 1st January 2022 and 29th June 2023. Convenience sampling was done. A convenience sampling technique was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 150 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus was seen among 18 (12%) (6.80-17.20, 95% Confidence Interval). Diabetes mellitus was more prevalent in males 12 (66.67%) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was found to be lower as compared to similarly reported research studies. more...
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- 2023
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250. Understanding the perception of buffer zone communities to gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) conservation in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
- Author
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Abhinaya Pathak, Ashish Bashyal, Bishwa Nath Oli, Bishnu Thapaliya, Santosh Bhattarai, Sujan Khanal, and Prashamsa Paudel
- Subjects
Gharial ,Crocodilian ,Chitwan National Park ,Buffer zone ,Perception ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is a Critically Endangered species found in Nepal and India. In Nepal, gharials are distributed in Chitwan and Bardia National Parks. Gharials are highly threatened due to various and severe anthropogenic activities. In this study, we assess the attitude, perception and willingness of a range of stakeholders living around Chitwan National Park to participate in gharial conservation. We conducted semi-structured questionnaire surveys with open ended questions. We interviewed national park officials (n = 8), local community group members (n = 54), hoteliers (n = 12), conservation partners (n = 5), local elected representatives (n = 38), fishing community members (n = 14), fishing net sellers (n = 15) and students (n = 9). Our study revealed that respondents are familiar with existing conservation awareness activities and expressed their willingness to participate in gharial conservation activities which can be capitalized on for future conservation initiatives for gharials. Further, we suggest to concentrate efforts particularly on local representatives, fishing net sellers and river dependent communities. These efforts include community level gharial knowledge sharing and interaction program, school teaching program, participating community in gharial conservation and its habitat management intervention and livelihood programs. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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