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Recent events have emphasized the need for behavior-analytic service delivery models that can remain clinically consistent and produce high-quality outcomes while adapting to environmental change. This paper reports outcomes of an organization that adapted to changes in its service delivery model during a worldwide pandemic. The organization utilized components from the "Comprehensive Application of Behavior Analysis to Schooling" (CABAS®) model. The components were interconnected within the system and linked by specific interlocking contingencies. Performance data were used to make decisions within the organization on both individual and organizational levels during the transition to telehealth for clients and staff. Results are discussed in terms of how the interconnectedness of components within the organization contributed to the reliable, positive outcomes of the system during the transition to telehealth.

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by robust microgliosis and phenotypic changes that accompany disease pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence from genetic studies suggests the importance of phospholipase C γ 2 (PLCG2) in late-onset AD (LOAD) pathophysiology. However, the role of PLCG2 in AD is still poorly understood. Methods Using bulk RNA-Seq (N=1249) data from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium (AMP-AD), we investigated whether PLCG2 expression increased in the brains of LOAD patients. We also evaluated the relationship between PLCG2 expression levels, amyloid plaque density, and expression levels of microglia specific markers (AIF1 and TMEM119). Finally, we investigated the longitudinal changes of PLCG2 expression in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. To further understand the role of PLCG2 in different signaling pathways, differential gene expression and co-expression network analyses were performed using bulk RNA-Seq and microglial single-cell RNA-Seq data. To substantiate the human analyses, we performed differential gene expression analysis on wild-type (WT) and inactivated Plcg2 mice and used immunostaining to determine if the differentially expressed genes/pathways were altered by microglial cell coverage or morphology. Results We observed significant upregulation of PLCG2 expression in three brain regions of LOAD patients and significant positive correlation of PLCG2 expression with amyloid plaque density. These findings in the human brain were validated in the 5xFAD amyloid mouse model, which showed disease progression-dependent increases in Plcg2 expression associated with amyloid pathology. Of note, increased Plcg2 expression levels in 5xFAD mice were abolished by reducing microglia. Furthermore, using bulk RNA-Seq data, we performed differential expression analysis by comparing cognitively normal older adults (CN) with 75th percentile (high) and 25th percentile (low) PLCG2 gene expression levels to identify pathways related to inflammation and the inflammatory response. The findings in the human brain were validated by differential expression analyses between WT and plcg2 inactivated mice. PLCG2 co-expression network analysis of microglial single-cell RNA-Seq data identified pathways related to the inflammatory response including regulation of I-kappaB/NF-kappa B signaling and response to lipopolysaccharide. Conclusions Our results provide further evidence that PLCG2 plays an important role in AD pathophysiology and may be a potential target for microglia-targeted AD therapies.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to provide an evidence base and conceptual framework to inform new guidelines for achieving a balance between sports and employment commitments (i.e., dual career, DC) of the employee-sportspersons. To shape a DC discourse in the workplace, the distinct and combined views of the employee-sportspersons (i.e., the Employee), the managers (i.e., the Employer) were considered. Methods: Following a concept mapping methodology, 257 international participants (25% employers and 75% employee-sportspersons) sorted and rated 50 potential statements associated with DC circumstances and supports in the workplace. Results: Six distinct clusters emerged, with the combined employers-employee co-creation scenario assigning 6 statements to the micro dimension (Cluster 1 = Workplace Benefits), 4 statements to the meso dimension (Cluster 2 = Role of National Sports Governing Bodies), 19 statements to the macro dimension (Cluster 3 = Dual Career Policy Development), 4 and 5 statements to the organizational dimensions (Cluster 4 = Employee-Employer Collaboration and Responsibility; Cluster 5 = Sport Career Integration), and 12 statements to the policy (Cluster 6 = Workplace Strategies for Dual Career Support) dimension. With respect to the employers, the employee-sportspersons showed higher scores (p < 0.05) for importance of clusters 2, 4, and 6, and for feasibility of clusters 2 and 6. Discussion: These findings suggest priorities for changes within the DC dimensions identified, and envisage flexible models for aligning corporate brand values and corporate social responsibility strategies through meaningful and proactive DC support of the employee-sportspersons in the workplace. The findings provide a rigorously derived evidence base to inform the formulation of new DC workplace guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are profound methodological challenges facing microdosing research. One way we can address some of these methodological issues is by understanding how psilocybin microdosing fits in the broader existential context of people’s lives. We recruited participants who underwent psilocybin microdosing on their own and consented to being monitored for harm mitigation purposes. We combined momentary ecological assessment and detailed retrospective interviews. Participants reported loosening of mental structures (i.e., less intense strength of thoughts, tangential stream of consciousness), increased salience of external stimuli (varyingly associated with greater interest in otherwise mundane activities, as well as sensory overload), an increase in flexible cognition, a decrease in stable cognition, and various ego-dystonic contents. Highly structured environments were conducive to positive appraisal of experiences and vice versa. Momentary ecological assessment and retrospective interviews yielded differing accounts of microdosing experience. We relate our findings to stable and flexible cognition, as well as the notion of salience. We point out the necessity for systematic mixed methods studies to better characterize the lived experience of taking low doses of psilocybin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who are taking direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). While there is ongoing debate about the use of IVT in DOAC-treated patients, some studies suggest that it may be more effective due to the altered structure of blood clots formed in the presence of DOACs. However, further research is needed to fully understand this relationship. The article also provides a list of references that cover various aspects of thrombolysis and anticoagulant use in AIS patients, offering valuable information for researchers and healthcare professionals. Additionally, a systematic review and meta-analysis included in the article conclude that recanalization therapy appears to be safe in AIS patients receiving anticoagulation treatment, with no significant increase in adverse events. This information is useful for healthcare professionals working with stroke patients on anticoagulation therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Wood is considered a promising raw material for the circular bioeconomy and has the ability to store biogenic carbon, and this is one reason why we want to extend the service life of the wood. In order to consider the influence of durability in our study, we used two wood species with different lifespans. Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) belongs to the group of very sensitive wood species, as the durability of the untreated wood is estimated to be around 5 years; meanwhile, pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) belongs to the group of moderately resistant wood species, where the durability of the untreated wood is estimated to be up to 15 years. While toxic chemicals are often used for wood preservation, hydroxyapatite offers an environmentally friendly solution for wood mineralization. This study presents life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) analyses comparing a novel hydroxyapatite (HAp) mineralization method with a service life of 50 years to a non-mineralized reference alternative. LCA was based on EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044, while LCC was adapted from the European Commission's LCC tool for public procurement. The results of the LCA show that mineralized wood has a lower overall impact on the environment than surface-treated beech wood but a higher impact than surface-treated pine wood. Most impact categories were determined by electricity consumption with the exception of stratospheric ozone depletion, water consumption, and land use. Water consumption proved to be the category where the mineralization process was problematic due to water consumption during the leaching process. The LCC showed that mineralized wood is the most cost-effective solution for the exterior façade, as all costs, but especially investment costs, were lower. The differences in the LCA and LCC results are mainly due to the different lifetimes of the two alternatives. It can be concluded that if energy-intensive processes and chemicals are used in the production of the material, the extended lifetime must be sufficient to account for the additional impacts that occur during the production phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Psychiatric comorbidities have proven a consistent challenge. Recent approaches emphasize the need to move away from categorical descriptions of symptom clusters towards a dimensional view of mental disorders. From the perspective of phenomenological psychopathology, this shift is not enough, as a more detailed understanding of patients' lived experience is necessary as well. One phenomenology-informed approach suggests that we can better understand the nature of psychiatric disorders through personalized network models, a comprehensive description of a person's lifeworld in the form of salient nodes and the relationships between them. We present a detailed case study of a patient with multiple comorbidities, maladaptive coping mechanisms, and adverse childhood experiences. Methods: The case was followed for a period of two years, during which we collected multiple streams of data, ranging from phenomenological interviews, neuropsychological assessments, language analysis, and semi-structured interviews (Examination of Anomalous Self Experience and Examination of Anomalous World Experience). We analytically constructed a personalized network model of his lifeworld. Results: We identified an experiential category "the crisis of objectivity" as the core psychopathological theme of his lifeworld. It refers to his persistent mistrust towards any information that he obtains that he appraises as originating in his subjectivity. We can developmentally trace the crisis of objectivity to his adverse childhood experience, as well as him experiencing a psychotic episode in earnest. He developed various maladaptive coping mechanisms in order to compensate for his psychotic symptoms. Interestingly, we found correspondence between his subjective reports and other sources of data. Discussion: Hernan exhibits difficulties in multiple Research Domain Criteria constructs. While we can say that social sensorimotor, positive valence, and negative valence systems dysfunctions are likely associated with primary deficit (originating in his adverse childhood experience), his cognitive symptoms may be tied to his maladaptive coping mechanisms (although, they might be related to his primary disorder as well). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significance: Many commercially available near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging systems lack algorithms for real-time quantifiable fluorescence data. Creation of a workflow for clinical assessment and post hoc analysis may provide clinical researchers with a method for intraoperative fluorescence quantification to improve objective outcome measures. Aim: Scoring systems and verified image analysis are employed to determine the amount and intensity of fluorescence within surgical specimens both intra and postoperatively. Approach: Lymph nodes from canine cancer patients were obtained during lymph node extirpation following peritumoral injection of indocyanine green (ICG). First, a semi-quantitative assessment of surface fluorescence was evaluated. Images obtained with a NIR exoscope were analysed to determine fluorescence thresholds and measure fluorescence amount and intensity. Results: Post hoc fluorescence quantification (threshold of Hue = 165-180, Intensity = 30-255) displayed strong agreement with semi-quantitative scoring (k = 0.9734, p < 0.0001). Fluorescence intensity with either threshold of 35-255 or 45-255 were significant predictors of fluorescence and had high sensitivity and specificity (p < 0.05). Fluorescence intensity and quantification had a strong association (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The validation of the semi-quantitative scoring system by image analysis provides a method for objective in situ observation of tissue fluorescence. The utilization of thresholding for ICG fluorescence intensity allows post hoc quantification of fluorescence when not built into the imaging system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by applications in matrix constructions used in the inverse eigenvalue problem for graphs, we study a concept of genericity for eigenvectors associated with a given spectrum and a connected graph. This concept generalizes the established notion of a nowhere-zero eigenbasis. Given any simple graph G on n vertices and any spectrum with no multiple eigenvalues, we show that the family of eigenbases for symmetric matrices with this graph and spectrum is generic, strengthening a result of Monfared and Shader. We illustrate applications of this result by constructing new achievable ordered multiplicity lists for partial joins of graphs and providing several families of joins of graphs that are realizable by a matrix with only two distinct eigenvalues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Inpp5d is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease risk. Loss of Inpp5d alters amyloid pathology in models of amyloidosis. Inpp5d is expressed predominantly in microglia but its function in brain is poorly understood. METHODS: We performed single‐cell RNA sequencing to study the effect of Inpp5d loss on wild‐type mouse brain transcriptomes. RESULTS: Loss of Inpp5d has sex‐specific effects on the brain transcriptome. Affected genes are enriched for multiple neurodegeneration terms. Network analyses reveal a gene co‐expression module centered around Inpp5d in female mice. Inpp5d loss alters Pleotrophin (PTN), Prosaposin (PSAP), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) signaling probability between cell types. DISCUSSION: Our data suggest that the normal function of Inpp5d is entangled with mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration. We report the effect of Inpp5d loss without pathology and show that this has dramatic effects on gene expression. Our study provides a critical reference for researchers of neurodegeneration, allowing separation of disease‐specific changes mediated by Inpp5d in disease from baseline effects of Inpp5d loss. Highlights: Loss of Inpp5d has different effects in male and female mice.Genes dysregulated by Inpp5d loss relate to neurodegeneration.Total loss of Inpp5d in female mice collapses a conserved gene co‐expression module.Loss of microglial Inpp5d affects the transcriptome of other cell types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider area-preserving deformations of the plane, acting on electronic wave functions through "quantomorphisms" that change both the underlying metric and the confining potential. We show that adiabatic sequences of such transformations produce Berry phases that can be written in closed form in terms of the many-body current and density, even in the presence of interactions. For a large class of deformations that generalize squeezing and shearing, the leading piece of the phase is a super-extensive Aharonov-Bohm term ($\propto N^2$ for $N$ electrons) in the thermodynamic limit. Its gauge-invariant subleading partner only measures the current, whose dominant contribution to the phase stems from a jump at the edge in the limit of strong magnetic fields. This results in a finite Berry curvature per unit area, reminiscent of the Hall viscosity. We show that the latter is in fact included in our formalism, bypassing its standard derivation on a torus and suggesting realistic experimental setups for its observation in quantum simulators.

The concept and practice of social inclusion in sport are still undefined, causing confusion both in the field of sport policy and practice. According to the United Nations (UN), a conceptual and analytical work on what constitutes inclusion is needed. Therefore, this study aims to define social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities by reviewing the existing literature. Using a scoping review framework, articles related to a possible definition of social inclusion in sport or to the elements of this definition were reviewed. For the eighteen (18) articles selected, the focus was on 152 statements, which were grouped into 6 main categories, namely: policy (29), fundamental conditions (28), key elements (30), soft skills (20), field gaps (31), and best practices (14). Ten keywords were extracted from each of the six categories using the free online program cortical.io. All 60 keywords were then compared with each other. After deleting the duplicates, 24 keywords remained, which were classified into five major categories: (1) key people, (2) key environments, (3) key ways to use, (4) key benefits, and (5) key barriers, in order to create a descriptive definition of social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities that can contribute to the goals of the UN 2030 Agenda. In addition to the definition, relevant issues were also raised for in-depth discussion and further research.

Ports are very important international hubs within transport networks where various industrial and logistical activities are performed. However, by use of the closed-loop mechanism the circular economy would reduce the need for imported primary raw materials because it would treat waste as a secondary raw material. This would greatly affect the way in which ports operate because primary raw materials make up most of their cargo volume. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the possibilities of integrating ports into the circular economy. This paper aims to use the descriptive research method to assess ports on their role in the circular economy, and based on the SWOT analysis has highlighted the key elements of circular analysis of waste streams to objectively evaluate the closed - loop mechanism. The conclusion is that due to the decline in primary raw material volumes within the circular economy, ports would therefore become centers of innovation in order to attract as many new industries as possible within their sector. The circular business model of ports would also require renewed cooperation from key actors within the port sector, the most important being the port authority, industrial clusters and academic institutions.

This paper deals with the operational efficiency of companies engaged in the production of wooden chairs using selected statistical and DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methods. Indicators that typically characterise the supply chain in the production of selected companies were taken as input and output variables for the DEA method. They included three input variables: inventories, material costs and production services costs and one output variable: company’s net profit. The obtained coefficients of correlation pointed to a high degree of correlation between the variables, which justified the performance of an efficiency analysis using the DEA method. The study included 12 companies engaged in the production of wooden chairs. The results of the conducted analyses show that only one company had a relatively satisfactory operational efficiency (efficiency coefficient of 0.83) for the nine-year period. All other companies, especially micro and small enterprises, had unsatisfactorily low operational efficiency. Micro enterprises had the lowest operational efficiency, with an efficiency coefficient of only 0.14. Small enterprises reached the value of 0.3, and large companies 0.67. Medium companies had the most favourable efficiency coefficient of up to 0.83.

BackgroundLoss-of-function mutations in GRN cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Patients with GRN mutations present with a uniform subtype of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology at autopsy (FTLD-TDP type A); however, age at onset and clinical presentation are variable, even within families. We aimed to identify potential genetic modifiers of disease onset and disease risk in GRN mutation carriers.MethodsThe study was done in three stages: a discovery stage, a replication stage, and a meta-analysis of the discovery and replication data. In the discovery stage, genome-wide logistic and linear regression analyses were done to test the association of genetic variants with disease risk (case or control status) and age at onset in patients with a GRN mutation and controls free of neurodegenerative disorders. Suggestive loci (p

In recent decades, an increase in the number of extreme flood events as well as extreme drought events has been observed in Slovenia. This rise the need for a comprehensive analysis of trends in discharge data series. In the study, statistical trends in seasonal and annual mean, maximum, extreme and low discharge values were investigated using the Mann Kendall test. The results show a temporal and spatial variability of trends in discharge. In general, a decreasing trend in water quantities in the rivers was observed. However, results at some gauging stations indicate statistically significant increasing trends, especially for maximum and extreme discharges. Additional analyses show that the discharge trends depend on the location of the gauging station.

In some children, many forms of non-suicidal self-injurious behaviour and varying degrees of autism spectrum disorders can be encountered during the process of growing up. Because of the risk of additional injury or unsuccessful integration into the social environment, the child often requires hospitalisation in the Department of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry. From the nurse’s viewpoint, it is very important to adopt the correct approach and subsequent treatment throughout the child’s hospitalisation. This article presents non-suicidal self-injurious behaviour, autism spectrum disorders and the role of the nurse in the treatment of the hospitalised child. In the article, we used the descriptive work method. We included professional and scientific literature from the Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and COBBISS data-bases. We used the following key words and phrases: autoagression, mental disorder, self-injury, non-suicidal behaviour, application of therapy, autism spectrum disorders and comorbidity. Nurses with the appropriate knowledge can assure the hospitalised child effective and holistic treatment, during which it is important to draw as near as possible to the level of the child’s ability to cooperate while adhering to the healthcare standard.

Pri nekaterih otrocih se med procesom odraščanja srečamo s številnimi oblikami ne samomorilnega samopoškodbenega vedenja in z različnimi stopnjami spektroavtističnih motenj. Zaradi tveganja dodatne poškodbe ali neuspešnosti pri vključevanju v življenjsko družbeno okolje moramo takšnega otroka sprejeti na oddelek za otroško psihiatrijo, kjer sta z vidika medicinske sestre oziroma zdravstvenega tehnika pomembna ustrezen pristop in nadaljnja pravilna obravnava med celotnim zdravljenjem v bolnišnici. V prispevku predstavljamo nesamomorilno samopoškodbeno vedenje, spektroavtistično motnjo ter vlogo medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov pri bolnišnični obravnavi otroka. Uporabili smo opisno metodo dela. Vključili smo strokovno in znanstveno literaturo iz podatkovnih baz Medline, CINAHL in Cohrane Library ter COBBIS. Uporabili smo naslednje ključne besede in besedne zveze: »avtoagresija«, »duševna motnja«, »samopoškodovanje«, »nesamomorilnost«, »apliciranje terapije«, »spektroavtistična motnja«, »komorbidnost«. Medicinske sestre in zdravstveni tehniki lahko hospitaliziranemu otroku z ustreznim znanjem zagotovimo učinkovito in celostno obravnavo, ki omogoča, da se čim bolj približamo otrokovi stopnji sposobnosti sodelovanja in upoštevamo standarde zdravstvene nege.

Odprto ovalno okno (OOO) je ostanek razvojne povezave med preddvoroma, ki se ob rojstvu običajno spontano zapre, pri približno 25 % populacije pa ostane odprto vse življenje. V redkih primerih je OOO zaradi desno-levega spoja lahko vpleteno v nastanek kriptogene ishemične možganske kapi, sistemske embolizacije, migrene in dekompresijske bolezni. Perkutano zapiranje OOO je preizkušen, razmeroma enostaven in varen poseg, ki pa prihaja v poštev le pri izbranih bolnikih. Študije namreč kažejo, da je smiseln predvsem pri mlajših bolnikih z embolično ishemično možgansko kapjo, ki tudi po natančnem stopenjskem diagnosticiranju in izključitvi ostalih alternativnih vzrokov ostaja nepojasnjena. Ne glede na opravljeno zapiranje OOO morajo bolniki s kriptogeno ishemično možgansko kapjo doživljenjsko prejemati tudi sekundarno medikamentno zaščito. Glede na doslej opravljene študije zaenkrat velja, da perkutano zapiranje OOO ni učinkovit način zdravljenja migrene, prihaja pa v poštev pri aktivnih potapljačih po preboleli dekompresijski bolezni in pri poklicnih potapljačih. Svetujemo, da se bolniki z indikacijo za zapiranje OOO napotijo na konzilij za OOO.

Phenomenological investigations of participants with grapheme-color synesthesia—a condition wherein an inducer consistently and automatically triggers an additional concurrent perceptual experience—have revealed an apparent paradox. Namely, they describe the automaticity of their synesthetic experiences as being both willed and automatic. Here, we apply in-depth interviews and signal-contingent experience sampling to investigate the lived experience of a single case (HR) of synesthesia to address this paradox. Our results suggest that for HR an inducer elicits a non-visual, spatially-localized, immediate, and intuitive knowledge about the concurrent. Critically, HR reports that in order to experience the concurrent visually, she must perform a specific mental gesture. We suggest that reporting on the former yields descriptions of concurrent experience as being automatic, and reporting on the latter yields descriptions of concurrent experience as being willful. Our findings demonstrate the need for detailed phenomenological investigations of the experience of synesthesia, in order to develop more accurate descriptions of this experience.

We propose a method of consensually validating phenomenal data. We believe such a method is necessary due to underreporting of explicit validation procedures in empirical phenomenological literature. We argue that descriptive science, exemplified by phenomenology and natural history, rely on nominalization for construction of intersubjectively accessible knowledge. We compare the epistemologies of phenomenology and natural history, pointing out that they differ in their attitudes towards the interpretation of texts and visual epistemology, however, they both rely on eidetic intuition of experts for knowledge construction. In developing our method, we started out with the prismatic approach, a method of researching embodied social dynamics. We then used debriefings on the experience of consensual validation to further refine the method. Importantly, we suggest that for a nominalization of experiential world to be intersubjectively accessible, a group of co-researchers has to independently construct said vocabulary. We therefore propose that during consensual validation, co-researchers be presented with composite descriptions of experiential categories, compare them with their experience, attempt to falsify them, and finally jointly name them. Our approach does not yield a single vocabulary for description of experience, but a number of commensurable vocabularies, contingent on a specific research setting

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