1,430 results on '"NYU System (NYU)"'
Search Results
202. Resolving the role of magnetic circular dichroism in multishot helicity-dependent all-optical switching
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Michel Hehn, Stéphane Mangin, Marwan Deb, Gregory Malinowski, Jon Gorchon, Yassine Quessab, Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Quantum Phenomena, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Institut für Physik und Astrophysik [Potsdam], Universität Potsdam, IMPACT N4S, and ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015)
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Physics ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Magnetization dynamics ,Magnetic circular dichroism ,Institut für Physik und Astronomie ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,Dichroism ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Helicity ,Molecular physics ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Magnetization ,Temperature gradient ,Ferrimagnetism ,0103 physical sciences ,Femtosecond ,ddc:530 ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
By conducting helicity-dependent ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a CoTb ferrimagnetic alloy, we are able to quantitatively determine the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and resolve its role in the helicity-dependent all-optical switching (AOS). Unequivocal interpretation of the sign of the dichroism is provided by performing AOS and femtosecond laser-induced domain wall motion experiments. We demonstrate that AOS occurs when the magnetization is initially in the most absorbent state, according to the light helicity. Moreover, we evidence that the MCD creates a thermal gradient that drives a domain wall toward hotter regions. Our experimental results are in agreement with the purely thermal models of AOS.
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- 2019
203. The Origin and Fate of O2 in Europa’s Ice: An Atmospheric Perspective
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Johnson, Robert E., Oza, Apurva, Leblanc, François, Schmidt, Carl, Nordheim, Tom A., Cassidy, Timothy A., Engineering Physics Program [Charlottesville], University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Department of Physics [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Center for Space Physics [Boston] (CSP), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), and University of Colorado [Boulder]
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Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,Exospheres ,[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Ices ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Atmospheric evolution ,O2 ,Europa ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
The early prediction and subsequent detection of an O$_2$ atmosphere on Europa, coupled with the discovery that Europa has an ocean under its ice mantle, has made this moon a prime astrobiologic target, soon to be visited by the JUICE and Europa Clipper spacecraft. In spite of the considerable number of observational, modeling, and laboratory efforts, understanding the physics leading to the observed morphology of Europa's near surface O$_2$ atmosphere has been problematic. This is the case as the observed emissions depend on the local incident plasma ion flux, the local temperature and composition of the regolith, as well as on the near surface electron temperature and density. Here we rely heavily on earlier reviews briefly summarizing the observational, laboratory and simulation efforts. Although it is agreed that radiolysis of the surface ice by the incident Jovian plasma is the ultimate source of observed O$_2$, a recent, simple model of thermal desorption from a regolith permeated with O$_2$ has changed the usual paradigm. This suggests that the observed orbital dependence of the local source of the near-surface O$_2$ atmosphere is due to thermal release of O$_2$ likely trapped on the ice grains at dangling bonds with a smaller contribution due to direct sputtering. This could also impact our understanding of the suggestion that the radiolytic products in Europa's regolith might be a source of oxidants for its underground ocean., Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to Space Science Reviews
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- 2019
204. Animal Models of Phosphorus Homeostasis
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Despina Sitara, Laurent Beck, Jehan, Frederic, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton (RMeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology [New York, NY, USA], New York University College of Dentistry, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Department of Medicine [New York, NY, USA], New York University School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton research lab (RMeS), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Nantes - UFR Odontologie, and Université de Nantes (UN)
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Cell type ,Mineralization ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Phosphorus homeostasis ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biology ,Kidney ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,FGF23 ,medicine ,Bone ,Gene ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,[SDV.MHEP.RSOA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system ,[SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology ,Phosphorus ,[SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology ,General Engineering ,Phosphate ,Molecular medicine ,Human genetics ,Cell biology ,Animal models ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,[SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Homeostasis - Abstract
International audience; Purpose of ReviewPhosphate homeostasis is a complex process that involves many regulators and multiple organs. In vivo models have been used extensively to study the pathophysiological mechanisms of phosphate disorders. This review focuses on evaluating mouse models generated for the study of disorders of phosphate metabolism.Recent FindingsOver the years, several mouse models have been generated by strategies that knockin or knockout one or more genes that encode for the phosphate transporters or other regulatory factors that directly or indirectly influence phosphate homeostasis. These models have shed light on the pathways involved in phosphate metabolism and the mechanisms that lead to phosphate dysregulation in human diseases.SummaryAnimal models are essential tools to study multisystem disorders that affect multiple organs and cell types. In particular, mouse models generated by a variety of genetic approaches have become the preferred mammalian models to study human diseases. Mouse models of phosphate homeostasis have provided valuable insights and enhanced our understanding of the cross talk between bone, kidney, and intestine and the relationships between the key phosphate regulators FGF23, 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3, and PTH.
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- 2019
205. Unprecedented reorganization of holocentric chromosomes provides insights into the enigma of lepidopteran chromosome evolution
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Hill, Jason, Rastas, Pasi, Hornett, Emily A., Neethiraj, Ramprasad, Clark, Nathan, Morehouse, Nathan, de la Paz Celorio-Mancera, Maria, Cols, Jofre Carnicer, Dircksen, Heinrich, Meslin, Camille, Keehnen, Naomi, Pruisscher, Peter, Sikkink, Kristin, Vives, Maria, Vogel, Heiko, Wiklund, Christer, Woronik, Alyssa, Boggs, Carol L., Nylin, Sören, Wheat, Christopher W., Stockholm University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Institute of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )-Albanova University Center, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institute of Integrative Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), University of Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Department of Biology, The University of Mississippi [Oxford], Department of Entomology, Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, New York University, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), University of South Carolina [Columbia], Funding was provided by the Swedish Research Council [VR grant numbers 2012-3715 (to S.N.), 2010-5341 (to S.N.), and 621-2012-4001 (to C.W.W.)], the Academy of Finland [grant number 131155 (to C.W.W.)], the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (grant number 2012.0058), and MINECO-FEDER [project number CGL2016- 78093-R (to J.C.C.)], Albanova University Center-Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Department ofComputationaland Systems Biology, Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
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Male ,endocrine system ,GENES ,DATABASE ,Genetic Linkage ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,NEO-SEX CHROMOSOMES ,Genome, Insect ,GENOMES ,SYSTEMATICS ,lepidopteran chromosome evolution ,ANNOTATION ,CLASSIFICATION ,Chromosomes ,Evolution, Molecular ,qx_560 ,Collinearity ,Chromosome structure ,Genome Size ,Genetics ,Animals ,Genetik ,Selection, Genetic ,Research Articles ,Phylogeny ,FUSIONS ,Evolutionary Biology ,Ploidies ,qu_500 ,Chromosome evolution ,reorganization of holocentric chromosomes ,fungi ,1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology ,SciAdv r-articles ,KARYOTYPE ,Chromosome Mapping ,Gene content ,Bombyx ,Chromosome numbers ,Cromosomes ,Chromosomes, Insect ,Lepidoptera ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,qu_550 ,Female ,DIVERSIFICATION ,Lepidòpters ,Butterflies ,Research Article - Abstract
Unprecedented reorganization in a butterfly genome sheds light on the enigma of holocentric chromosome evolution., Chromosome evolution presents an enigma in the mega-diverse Lepidoptera. Most species exhibit constrained chromosome evolution with nearly identical haploid chromosome counts and chromosome-level gene collinearity among species more than 140 million years divergent. However, a few species possess radically inflated chromosomal counts due to extensive fission and fusion events. To address this enigma of constraint in the face of an exceptional ability to change, we investigated an unprecedented reorganization of the standard lepidopteran chromosome structure in the green-veined white butterfly (Pieris napi). We find that gene content in P. napi has been extensively rearranged in large collinear blocks, which until now have been masked by a haploid chromosome number close to the lepidopteran average. We observe that ancient chromosome ends have been maintained and collinear blocks are enriched for functionally related genes suggesting both a mechanism and a possible role for selection in determining the boundaries of these genome-wide rearrangements.
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- 2019
206. How the brain composes morphemes into meaning
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Laura Gwilliams, Gwilliams, Laura, NYU Department of Psychology [New-York University], New York University [New York] (NYU), and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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[SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science ,050105 experimental psychology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Semantic composition ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Morpheme ,Neurolinguistics ,[SCCO.COMP] Cognitive science/Computer science ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Meaning (existential) ,Language ,Brain Mapping ,Philosophy ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Natural language processing ,05 social sciences ,[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Brain ,Morpho-syntax ,Articles ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,Verbal Learning ,Linguistics ,Semantics ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Comprehension ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Morphemes (e.g. [tune], [-ful], [-ly]) are the basic blocks with which complex meaning is built. Here, I explore the critical role that morpho-syntactic rules play in forming the meaning of morphologically complex words, from two primary standpoints: (i) how semantically rich stem morphemes (e.g. explode, bake, post) combine with syntactic operators (e.g. -ion, -er, -age) to output a semantically predictable result; (ii) how this process can be understood in terms of mathematical operations, easily allowing the brain to generate representations of novel morphemes and comprehend novel words. With these ideas in mind, I offer a model of morphological processing that incorporates semantic and morpho-syntactic operations in service to meaning composition, and discuss how such a model could be implemented in the human brain.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards mechanistic models of meaning composition’.
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- 2019
207. Human IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria is governed by both IL-12 and IL-23
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Cindy S. Ma, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Monika Schmidt, Federico Mele, Gaspard Kerner, James P. Di Santo, Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Avneet Heer, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Alessandro Sette, Bernhard Fleckenstein, Tomi Lazarov, Sandra Jovic, Natalie Wong, Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis, Daniela Latorre, Julia K. Joseph, Bertrand Boisson, Rubén Martínez-Barricarte, Caner Aytekin, Danielle T. Avery, Aydan Ikinciogullari, Figen Dogu, Jean-François Emile, Etienne Patin, Federica Sallusto, Yoann Seeleuthner, Yuval Itan, Laurent Abel, Franck Rapaport, Alejandro Nieto-Patlán, Frederic Geissmann, Satoshi Okada, Fabienne Jabot-Hanin, Stuart G. Tangye, Esther van de Vosse, Geetha Rao, Elissa K. Deenick, Jacinta Bustamante, Mélanie Migaud, Caroline Deswarte, Mohammed Reza Bloursaz, Laura Surace, Benedetta Bigio, Davood Mansouri, Anne Puel, Payam Tabarsi, Xiao-Fei Kong, Gönül Tanır, Vanessa L. Bryant, Noé Ramírez-Alejo, Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani, Janet Markle, St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Università della Svizzera italiana = University of Italian Switzerland (USI), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Training and Research Hospital, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Immunité Innée - Innate Immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (GEMS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Hiroshima University, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Ankara University School of Medicine [Turkey], Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center [New York], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], King‘s College London, La Jolla Institute for Immunology [La Jolla, CA, États-Unis], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York] (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), The Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases was supported by grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grant numbers 5R37AI095983, R01AI089970, and K99AI127932, the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Sciences (NCATS) of the NIH grant number UL1TR001866, the Rockefeller University, the St. Giles Foundation, the European Research Council (ERC-2010-AdG-268777 and grant no. 323183), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Descartes University, the Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), and the French National Research Agency (ANR) under the 'Investissement d’avenir' program (grant ANR-10-IAHU-01), ANR-TBPATHGEN (grant ANR-14-CE14-0007-01), ANR-IFNPHOX (grant ANR13-ISV3-0001-01), and ANR-GENMSMD (grant ANR16-CE17-0005-01). This work was supported by NIAID award no. U19AI118626 (to A.S. and F.S.). J.G.M. was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the NIH Translational Science Award (CTSA) program (no. UL1 TR000043), the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. IZKOZ3_173586), the Charles H. Revson Foundation, and the NIAID (1K99AI127932-01A1). R.M.-B. was supported by the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). N.R.-A. was supported by the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT, 264011) and the Stony Wold-Herbert Fund Fellowship Grant. Y.I. was supported by the AXA Research Fund. S.G.T., E.K.D., and C.S.M. are supported by research grants and fellowships from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (S.G.T., C.S.M., and E.K.D.) and the Office for Health and Medical Research of the State Government of NSW Australia (C.S.M.). A.S. is supported by NIH research grant HHSN272200900044C. J.B. is supported by SRC2017. The Institute for Research in Biomedicine and F.S. are supported by the Helmut Horten Foundation. S.O. was supported by the Aid for Scientific Research Grant from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (16H05355) and the Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), ANR-14-CE14-0007,TBPATHGEN,Dissection de la pathogenèse de la tuberculose par l'identification de défauts monogéniques de l'immunité dans les formes pédiatriques sévères de la maladie(2014), ANR-13-ISV3-0001,IFNGPHOX,L'immunité anti-tuberculeuse dépendante de l'IFN-gamma chez l'homme opère via la NADPH oxydase phagocytaire(2013), ANR-16-CE17-0005,GENMSMD,Dissection génétique de la Susceptibilité Mendélienne aux infections mycobactériennes chez l'homme(2016), European Project: 268777,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-AdG_20100317,GENTB(2011), European Project: 323183,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-ADG_20120314,PREDICT(2013), Shahid Beheshti University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (CNRS-UMR2000), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California, The Rockefeller University, St Giles laboratory of Human Genetics and Infectious Diseases, rockefeller university, Garvan Institute of Medical Research [Darlinghurst, Australia], Dis Training & Res Ctr, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Immunité Innée, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Centre de Bioinformatique (CBIO), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Sami Ulus Children Hlth & Dis Training & Res Ctr, Ankara, Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses (Inserm U980), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service d'anatomie pathologique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, Laboratoire épidémiologie et oncogénèse des tumeurs digestives, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Garvan Institute for Medical Research, and Institute for Research in Biomedicine
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MESH: Interleukin-12 ,0301 basic medicine ,MESH: Interferon-gamma ,MESH: Pedigree ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Population ,Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous ,Biology ,Interleukin-23 ,Article ,Mycobacterium ,Interferon-gamma ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Immunity ,MESH: Mycobacterium ,medicine ,Humans ,Interferon gamma ,education ,Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1 subunit ,MESH: Interleukin-23 ,education.field_of_study ,MESH: Humans ,General Medicine ,MESH: Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous ,Natural killer T cell ,Interleukin-12 ,Immunity, Innate ,Pedigree ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,Cytokine ,[SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics ,Interleukin 12 ,[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology ,MESH: Immunity, Innate ,030215 immunology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
International audience; Hundreds of patients with autosomal recessive, complete IL-12p40 or IL-12Rβ1 deficiency have been diagnosed over the last 20 years. They typically suffer from invasive mycobacteriosis and, occasionally, from mucocutaneous candidiasis. Susceptibility to these infections is thought to be due to impairments of IL-12-dependent IFN-γ immunity and IL-23-dependent IL-17A/IL-17F immunity, respectively. We report here patients with autosomal recessive, complete IL-12Rβ2 or IL-23R deficiency, lacking responses to IL-12 or IL-23 only, all of whom, unexpectedly, display mycobacteriosis without candidiasis. We show that αβ T, γδ T, B, NK, ILC1, and ILC2 cells from healthy donors preferentially produce IFN-γ in response to IL-12, whereas NKT cells and MAIT cells preferentially produce IFN-γ in response to IL-23. We also show that the development of IFN-γ-producing CD4 + T cells, including, in particular , mycobacterium-specific TH1* cells (CD45RA− CCR6+), is dependent on both IL-12 and IL-23. Last, we show that IL12RB1, IL12RB2, and IL23R have similar frequencies of deleterious variants in the general population. The comparative rarity of symptomatic patients with IL-12Rβ2 or IL-23R deficiency, relative to IL-12Rβ1 deficiency , is, therefore, due to lower clinical penetrance. There are fewer symptomatic IL-23R-and IL-12Rβ2-deficient than IL-12Rβ1-deficient patients, not because these genetic disorders are rarer, but because the isolated absence of IL-12 or IL-23 is, in part, compensated by the other cytokine for the production of IFN-γ, thereby providing some protection against mycobacteria. These experiments of nature show that human IL-12 and IL-23 are both required for optimal IFN-γ dependent immunity to mycobacteria, both individually and much more so cooperatively.
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- 2018
208. From 1,4-Disaccharide to 1,3-Glycosyl Carbasugar : Synthesis of a Bespoke Inhibitor of Family GH99 Endo-α-mannosidase
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Jesús Jiménez-Barbero, Dan Lu, Lukasz F. Sobala, Oscar Millet, Sha Zhu, Matthieu Sollogoub, Yongmin Zhang, Gideon J. Davies, Ganeko Bernardo-Seisdedos, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), New York Structural Biology Center (NYSBC), Columbia University [New York]-Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health [Albany]-New York State Department of Health [Albany]-New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-City University of New York [New York] (CUNY)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center [New York]-Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM)- Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York]-Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], CIC BioGUNE, CIC Spain, Glycochimie Organique Biologique et Supramoléculaire (GOBS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Catalytic Spectroscopy Laboratory (CSIC), and Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry
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Mannosidase ,Stereochemistry ,Disaccharide ,010402 general chemistry ,Disaccharides ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,alpha-Mannosidase ,Hydrolase ,Glycosyl ,Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Molecular Structure ,010405 organic chemistry ,[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Active site ,Aziridine ,Carbasugars ,0104 chemical sciences ,Claisen rearrangement ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,biology.protein - Abstract
International audience; Understanding the enzyme reaction mechanism can lead to the design of enzyme inhibitors. A Claisen rearrangement was used to allow conversion of an α-1,4-disaccharide into an α-1,3-linked glycosyl carbasugar to target the endo-α-mannosidase from the GH99 glycosidase family, which, unusually, is believed to act through a 1,2-anhydrosugar “epoxide” intermediate. Using NMR and X-ray crystallography, it is shown that glucosyl carbasugar α-aziridines can act as reasonably potent endo-α-mannosidase inhibitors, likely by virtue of their shape mimicry and the interactions of the aziridine nitrogen with the conserved catalytic acid/base of the enzyme active site.
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- 2018
209. Continuous performance test impairment in a 22q11.2 microdeletion mouse model: improvement by amphetamine
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Nilsson, Simon R. O., Heath, Christopher J., Takillah, Samir, Didienne, Steve, Fejgin, Kim, Nielsen, Vibeke, Nielsen, Jacob, Saksida, Lisa M., Mariani, Jean, Faure, Philippe, Didriksen, Michael, Robbins, Trevor W., Bussey, Timothy J., Mar, Adam C., University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Medical Research Center [Leicester] (MRC), New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM - EA 7330), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Sorbonne Universités, Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Neurophysiologie et comportements = Neurophysiology and Behavior (NPS-06), Neuroscience Paris Seine (NPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Robarts Research Institute [Canada], University of Western Ontario (UWO), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Paris Seine (NPS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takillah, Samir [0000-0002-2345-7762], Mariani, Jean [0000-0002-2701-1581], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Male ,Behavior, Animal ,Electroencephalography Phase Synchronization ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Mice, Transgenic ,Modafinil ,Hippocampus ,Article ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Amphetamine ,Disease Models, Animal ,Executive Function ,Mice ,DiGeorge Syndrome ,Animals ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Attention ,Central Nervous System Stimulants ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Psychomotor Performance - Abstract
International audience; The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) confers high risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. These disorders are associated with attentional impairment, the remediation of which is important for successful therapeutic intervention. We assessed a 22q11.2DS mouse model (Df(h22q11)/+) on a touchscreen rodent continuous performance test (rCPT) of attention and executive function that is analogous to human CPT procedures. Relative to wild-type littermates, Df(h22q11)/+ male mice showed impaired attentional performance as shown by decreased correct response ratio (hit rate) and a reduced ability to discriminate target stimuli from non-target stimuli (discrimination sensitivity, or d’). The Df(h22q11)/+ model exhibited decreased prefrontal cortical-hippocampal oscillatory synchrony within multiple frequency ranges during quiet wakefulness, which may represent a biomarker of cognitive dysfunction. The stimulant amphetamine (0–1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently improved d’ in Df(h22q11)/+ mice whereas the highest dose of modafinil (40 mg/kg, i.p.) exacerbated their d’ impairment. This is the first report to directly implicate attentional impairment in a 22q11.2DS mouse model, mirroring a key endophenotype of the human disorder. The capacity of the rCPT to detect performance impairments in the 22q11.2DS mouse model, and improvement following psychostimulant-treatment, highlights the utility and translational potential of the Df(h22q11)/+ model and this automated behavioral procedure.
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- 2018
210. France–Japan synthesis concept on sodium-cooled fast reactor review of a joint collaborative work
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D. Verrier, Hisatomo Murakami, Edouard Hourcade, Laurent Costes, Gilles Rodriguez, Koichi Higurashi, Haruo Mochida, Yoshio Shimakawa, Franck Dechelette, Koichi Kurita, Kazuhiro Oyama, Benoit Perrin, David Plancq, Frédéric Chanteclair, Nobuyuki Ishikawa, Bernard Carluec, Shigeo Ohki, Frederic Serre, Jean-François Dirat, Marie-Sophie Chenaud, Kazuya Koyama, Christophe Venard, Hidemasa Yamano, Kazuya Takano, Jean-Marie Hamy, Shigenobu Kubo, Toru Iitsuka, Frédéric Varaine, Yumi Yamada, Shinya Kosaka, Fumiaki Kaneko, Ryo Shimizu, Takayuki Ozawa, Masaaki Tanaka, Institut de recherche sur les systèmes nucléaires pour la production d'énergie bas carbone (IRESNE), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), FRAMATOME-ANP, Japan Atomic Energy Agency [Ibaraki] (JAEA), Mitsubishi Heavy Industries [Tokyo], Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Médecins Sans Frontières [Paris] (MSF), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Unité Expérimentale PHénotypage Au Champ des Céréales (UE1375) (PHACC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Musée de Roanne, Ville de Roanne, AREVA, Groupe AREVA, Archéologie et histoire ancienne : Méditerranée - Europe (ARCHIMEDE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Soft Matter Research [New-York] (CSMR), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Ochanomizu University, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), MFBR, National Institute of Infectious Diseases [Tokyo], Osaka University, Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et adaptatives (LNIA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Sapporo, Institut d’Histoire des Représentations et des Idées dans les Modernités (IHRIM), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)
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[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Computer science ,TK9001-9401 ,Frame (networking) ,Context (language use) ,Power reactor ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Design phase ,Sodium-cooled fast reactor ,Work (electrical) ,0103 physical sciences ,Systems engineering ,Nuclear engineering. Atomic power ,Joint (building) ,010306 general physics ,Working group - Abstract
International audience; In the frame of the France-Japan agreement on nuclear collaboration, a bilateral collaboration agreement on nuclear energy was signed on March 21st, 2017, including a topic dedicated to Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR). This agreement has set the framework to start a bilateral discussion on a joint view of an SFR concept. France (CEA and FRAMATOME) and Japan (JAEA, MHI and MFBR) have carried out these studies from 2017 to 2019. Based on the beginning of the basic design phase of ASTRID project − ASTRID − 600 MWe (ASTRID for Advanced Sodium Technological Reactor for Industrial Demonstration), the two countries performed a common work to examine ways to develop a feasible common design concept, which could be realized both in France and in Japan. The subject was then extended and extrapolated with the ASTRID − 150 MWe data (reduced power reactor and enhanced experimental capabilities) in a second phase of this study. France and Japan first focused on design requirements. Common requirements were identified, as well as differences in the safety approach and the structural design requirements, according to national standards and respective site conditions, in particular considering seismic hazards. The teams developed common Top-Level design Requirements (TLRs) to allow common specification data, then joint design. This collaborative work was carried out through the implementation of twelve France-Japan Working Groups, working jointly. This paper is providing a review of this joint synthesis on Sodium Fast Reactor design concept. It is summarizing the context and objectives, then the definition and approaches of the Top Level Requirements. This paper is then dealing with the major design features: the core design and their related safety aspects, and the nuclear island design. Thus, this paper is providing a comprehensive review of this joint work gathering French and Japan nuclear design teams during two full years.
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- 2021
211. Natural Firing Patterns Imply Low Sensitivity of Synaptic Plasticity to Spike Timing Compared with Firing Rate
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Srdjan Ostojic, Pascal Wallisch, Michael Graupner, Group for Neural Theory [Paris], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives & Computationnelles (LNC2), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Labex Institut d'étude de la cognition (IEC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Center for Neural Science [New York] (CNS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
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0301 basic medicine ,Models, Neurological ,Neural facilitation ,Action Potentials ,Nonsynaptic plasticity ,Biology ,Synaptic Transmission ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Synaptic augmentation ,Metaplasticity ,Animals ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Research Articles ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Neurons ,Models, Statistical ,Neuronal Plasticity ,Synaptic scaling ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,Homosynaptic plasticity ,Post-tetanic potentiation ,Spike-timing-dependent plasticity ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,General Neuroscience ,030104 developmental biology ,Synapses ,Nerve Net ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is sensitive to the rate and the timing of presynaptic and postsynaptic action potentials. In experimental protocols inducing plasticity, the imposed spike trains are typically regular and the relative timing between every presynaptic and postsynaptic spike is fixed. This is at odds with firing patterns observed in the cortex of intact animals, where cells fire irregularly and the timing between presynaptic and postsynaptic spikes varies. To investigate synaptic changes elicited byin vivo-like firing, we used numerical simulations and mathematical analysis of synaptic plasticity models. We found that the influence of spike timing on plasticity is weaker than expected from regular stimulation protocols. Moreover, when neurons fire irregularly, synaptic changes induced by precise spike timing can be equivalently induced by a modest firing rate variation. Our findings bridge the gap between existing results on synaptic plasticity and plasticity occurringin vivo, and challenge the dominant role of spike timing in plasticity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSynaptic plasticity, the change in efficacy of connections between neurons, is thought to underlie learning and memory. The dominant paradigm posits that the precise timing of neural action potentials (APs) is central for plasticity induction. This concept is based on experiments using highly regular and stereotyped patterns of APs, in stark contrast with natural neuronal activity. Using synaptic plasticity models, we investigated how irregular,in vivo-like activity shapes synaptic plasticity. We found that synaptic changes induced by precise timing of APs are much weaker than suggested by regular stimulation protocols, and can be equivalently induced by modest variations of the AP rate alone. Our results call into question the dominant role of precise AP timing for plasticity in natural conditions.
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- 2016
212. Using Gap Charts to Visualize the Temporal Evolution of Ranks and Scores
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Frédéric Vernier, Jeremy Boy, Charles Perin, Department of Computer Science [Calgary] (CPSC), University of Calgary, City University London, Polytechnic institute of New York University (NYU-Poly), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Architectures et Modèles pour l'Interaction (AMI), Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LIMSI), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
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QA75 ,Interaction ,Computer science ,Football ,[SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Information visualization ,Soccer ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,gapchart ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Human-computer interaction HCI ,Time series ,Visualization ,slopegraph ,GapChart ,Line chart ,business.industry ,Rank (computer programming) ,020207 software engineering ,rank chart ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Class (biology) ,Ranking ,Artificial intelligence ,Data mining ,business ,Performance metric ,computer ,Software - Abstract
International audience; We present Gap Charts, a novel class of line charts designed for visualizing the evolution of rankings over time, with a particular focus on sports data. Gap Charts show entries, e. g., teams participating in a competition, that are ranked over time according to a performance metric like a growing number of points or a score. The main advantages of Gap Charts are that 1) tied entries never overlap—only changes in rank generate limited overlap between time-steps; and 2) gaps between entries show the magnitude of their score difference. We evaluate the effectiveness of Gap Charts for performing different types of tasks, and find that they outperform standard time-dependent ranking visualizations for tasks that involve identifying and understanding evolutions in both ranks and scores. Finally, we show that Gap Charts are a generic and scalable class of line charts by applying them to a variety of different datasets.
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- 2016
213. The Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP): experimental design and forcing input data for CMIP6
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Ulrike Niemeier, Slimane Bekki, Graham Mann, Matthew Toohey, Sandip Dhomse, Lauren Marshall, Susanne E. Bauer, Allegra N. LeGrande, Marion Marchand, Myriam Khodri, Angelo Rubino, William T. Ball, Virginie Poulain, Kostas Tsigaridis, Claudia Timmreck, Andrea Stenke, Francesco S. R. Pausata, Edwin P. Gerber, Anja Schmidt, Davide Zanchettin, Gabriele C. Hegerl, Michael J. Mills, Alan Robock, Eugene Rozanov, Fiona Tummon, Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics [Venezia], University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Department of Environmental Sciences [New Brunswick], School of Environmental and Biological Sciences [New Brunswick], Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Department of Meteorology [Stockholm] (MISU), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Center for Climate Systems Research [New York] (CCSR), Columbia University [New York], STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Atmospheric Chemistry Division [Boulder], National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), European Union, ANR-10-LABX-0018,L-IPSL,LabEx Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL): Understand climate and anticipate future changes(2010), ANR-13-SENV-0002,MORDICUS,Oscillations et rétroactions climatiques aux échelles décennales : mécanismes, sensibilité et incertitudes(2013), European Project: 603557,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2013-two-stage,STRATOCLIM(2013), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636))
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Settore GEO/12 - Oceanografia e Fisica dell'Atmosfera ,Perturbation (astronomy) ,Forcing (mathematics) ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Atmospheric sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (all) ,Modeling and Simulation ,[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology ,Range (statistics) ,Stratosphere ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,geography ,Coupled model intercomparison project ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,lcsh:QE1-996.5 ,Aerosol ,lcsh:Geology ,Volcano ,[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology ,13. Climate action ,Climatology ,Environmental science ,Climate model - Abstract
The enhancement of the stratospheric aerosol layer by volcanic eruptions induces a complex set of responses causing global and regional climate effects on a broad range of timescales. Uncertainties exist regarding the climatic response to strong volcanic forcing identified in coupled climate simulations that contributed to the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). In order to better understand the sources of these model diversities, the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP) has defined a coordinated set of idealized volcanic perturbation experiments to be carried out in alignment with the CMIP6 protocol. VolMIP provides a common stratospheric aerosol data set for each experiment to minimize differences in the applied volcanic forcing. It defines a set of initial conditions to assess how internal climate variability contributes to determining the response. VolMIP will assess to what extent volcanically forced responses of the coupled ocean–atmosphere system are robustly simulated by state-of-the-art coupled climate models and identify the causes that limit robust simulated behavior, especially differences in the treatment of physical processes. This paper illustrates the design of the idealized volcanic perturbation experiments in the VolMIP protocol and describes the common aerosol forcing input data sets to be used.
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- 2016
214. Digestion of Chromatin in Apoptotic Cell Microparticles Prevents Autoimmunity
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Francisco J. Quintana, Z. Birsin Özçakar, Iñaki Sanz, Boris Reizis, Wilnelly Martinez-Ortiz, Robert R. Clancy, Mustafa Tekin, Casandra Panea, Ada Yeste, Ivaylo I. Ivanov, Keith B. Elkon, Timothy Cardozo, Benjamin Sally, Milena Bogunovic, Ali Rashidfarrokhi, Vivette D. D'Agati, Fatoş Yalçınkaya, Jill P. Buyon, Vanja Sisirak, Joseph David, Asiya Seema Chida, New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), and Columbia University [New York]
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0301 basic medicine ,Mice, 129 Strain ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,[SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Autoimmunity ,Cell-Derived Microparticles ,Jurkat Cells ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Autoantibodies ,Mice, Knockout ,Endodeoxyribonucleases ,Lupus erythematosus ,Autoantibody ,Deoxyribonuclease ,DNA ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,Chromatin ,3. Good health ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,[SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology ,Apoptosis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Antibody - Abstract
International audience; Antibodies to DNA and chromatin drive autoimmunity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Null mutations and hypomorphic variants of the secreted deoxyribonuclease DNASE1L3 are linked to familial and sporadic SLE, respectively. We report that DNASE1L3-deficient mice rapidly develop autoantibodies to DNA and chromatin, followed by an SLE-like disease. Circulating DNASE1L3 is produced by dendritic cells and macrophages, and its levels inversely correlate with anti-DNA antibody response. DNASE1L3 is uniquely capable of digesting chromatin in microparticles released from apoptotic cells. Accordingly, DNASE1L3-deficient mice and human patients have elevated DNA levels in plasma, particularly in circulating microparticles. Murine and human autoantibody clones and serum antibodies from human SLE patients bind to DNASE1L3-sensitive chromatin on the surface of microparticles. Thus, extracellular microparticle-associated chromatin is a potential self-antigen normally digested by circulating DNASE1L3. The loss of this tolerance mechanism can contribute to SLE, and its restoration may represent a therapeutic opportunity in the disease.
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- 2016
215. Prediction of Remission in a French Early Arthritis Cohort by RAPID3 and other Core Data Set Measures, but Not by the Absence of Rheumatoid Factor, Anticitrullinated Protein Antibodies, or Radiographic Erosions
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Bruno Fautrel, Maxime Dougados, Francis Guillemin, Isabel Castrejón, Theodore Pincus, Bernard Combe, Rush University Medical Center [Chicago], Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin], CHU Cochin [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Centre d'Epidemiologie et Biostatistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département de Rhumatologie[Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Division of Rheumatology (NYU Hospital - Rheumato), New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (GRC-08 EEMOIS), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
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Male ,MESH: Antirheumatic Agents ,MESH: Remission Induction ,Multivariate statistics ,Databases, Factual ,Health Status ,Logistic regression ,Severity of Illness Index ,Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Disability Evaluation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,RAPID3 ,MESH: Health Status ,MESH: Treatment Outcome ,MESH: Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,MESH: Middle Aged ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Remission Induction ,MESH: Disability Evaluation ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,3. Good health ,Treatment Outcome ,REMISSION CRITERIA ,Antirheumatic Agents ,Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Cohort ,Disease Progression ,Female ,MESH: Disease Progression ,France ,Adult ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MESH: Rheumatoid Factor ,Immunology ,MESH: Prognosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,ESPOIR ,Rheumatology ,Rheumatoid Factor ,MESH: Severity of Illness Index ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Rheumatoid factor ,RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,MESH: Humans ,business.industry ,MESH: Adult ,medicine.disease ,MESH: Databases, Factual ,MESH: Male ,MESH: France ,Physical therapy ,MESH: Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business ,MESH: Female ,Rheumatism - Abstract
Objective.To identify baseline variables that predict remission according to different criteria in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a comprehensive French ESPOIR early arthritis database.Methods.Individual variables and indices at baseline were analyzed in 664 patients for capacity to predict remission either 6 or 12 months later according to 4 criteria that require a formal joint count: the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Boolean criteria, the Simplified Disease Activity Index, the Clinical Disease Activity Index, and the 28-joint Disease Activity Score; and 2 remission criteria that do not require a formal joint count: the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3) and the RAPID3 ≤ 3 + swollen joint, using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions.Results.Remission was predicted significantly 6 and/or 12 months later in 26.8%–51.4% of patients, according to all 6 criteria by younger age, low index scores, and better status for the 6/7 clinical RA core dataset measures: tender joint count, swollen joint count (SJC), physician’s global estimate, patient self-report Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) physical function, pain, and patient’s global estimate. Remission was not predicted by the absence of “poor prognosis RA” indicators, rheumatoid factor (RF), anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), or radiographic erosions. In multivariate regressions that included only 3 variables, low HAQ function predicted remission by all criteria as effectively as SJC, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or C-reactive protein.Conclusion.Younger age and 6 core dataset clinical measures, but not the absence of traditional “poor prognosis RA” indicators, RF, ACPA, or radiographic erosions, predicted remission according to 6 criteria, including 2 without a formal joint count.
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- 2016
216. Body and soul: Do children distinguish between foods when generalizing biological and psychological properties?
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Simone P. Nguyen, Jean-Pierre Thibaut, Gregory L. Murphy, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Psychology [University North Carolina Wilmington], University of North Carolina [Wilmington], NYU Department of Psychology [New-York University], New York University [New York], Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), New York University [New York] (NYU), and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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Food representation ,Property (philosophy) ,Generalization ,[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,050105 experimental psychology ,Induction ,Conceptual development ,Education ,Task (project management) ,Developmental psychology ,[ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Biological property ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Children ,media_common ,Knowledge level ,05 social sciences ,Preference ,Task analysis ,Soul ,Psychology ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
International audience; Research Findings: In 2 experiments, we tested whether children generalize psychological and biological properties to novel foods. We used an induction task in which a property (either biological or psychological) was associated with a target food. Children were then asked whether a taxonomically related and a script-related food would also have the property. In a yes/no task (Experiment 1) 9-year-olds preferentially generalized the property to taxonomically related foods, but 4- and 6-year-olds did not. In a forced-choice task (Experiment 2; 4- to 6-year-olds), children preferred the taxonomic choice over the script choice. This preference was weak at age 4 but established by age 5. In both experiments, and all age groups, biological properties, and psychological properties were treated similarly. It is argued that the children do not distinguish biological and psychological properties of food most likely because they believe that psychological properties are caused by biological dispositions. Practice or Policy: We argue that nutrition education should take advantage of children’s existing knowledge of food categories and how children generalize knowledge from 1 food to another. In particular, children have good knowledge of taxonomic categories and can best access that knowledge when they are required to compare different foods.
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- 2016
217. Concurrent or sequential letrozole with adjuvant breast radiotherapy: final results of the CO-HO-RT phase II randomized trial
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Sophie Gourgou, Barry S. Rosenstein, Mahmut Ozsahin, Jerome Lacombe, Marian Gutowski, C. Lemanski, Gilles Romieu, Sarah L. Kerns, André Pèlegrin, N. Crompton, D. Azria, Pascal Fenoglietto, Céline Bourgier, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Van Andel Institute [Grand Rapids], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Apoptosis ,law.invention ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Clinical endpoint ,radio-hormonotherapy ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Aged, 80 and over ,Letrozole ,Nuclear Proteins ,Hematology ,Middle Aged ,Combined Modality Therapy ,3. Good health ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Breast Neoplasms ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,breast cancer ,Breast cancer ,Internal medicine ,Nitriles ,medicine ,Humans ,Subcutaneous fibrosis ,Aged ,Intention-to-treat analysis ,Surrogate endpoint ,business.industry ,radiation-induced late effects ,Original Articles ,Triazoles ,medicine.disease ,Fibrosis ,Surgery ,Clinical trial ,030104 developmental biology ,Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ,business ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Background We present here final clinical results of the COHORT trial and both translational sub-studies aiming at identifying patients at risk of radiation-induced subcutaneous fibrosis (RISF): (i) radiation-induced lymphocyte apoptosis (RILA) and (ii) candidates of certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Patients and methods Post-menopausal patients with stage I–II breast cancer (n = 150) were enrolled and assigned to either concurrent (arm A) or sequential radiotherapy (RT)-letrozole (arm B). Among them, 121 were eligible for RILA and SNP assays. Grade ≥2 RISF were the primary end point. Secondary end points were lung and heart events and carcinologic outcome. RILA was performed to predict differences in RISF between individuals. A genome-wide association study was performed to identify SNPs associated with RILA and RISF. Analyses were done by intention to treat. Results After a median follow-up of 74 months, 5 patients developed a grade ≥2 RISF. No significant difference was observed between arms A and B. Neither grade ≥2 lung nor symptomatic cardiac toxicity was observed. Median RILA value of the five patients who had grade ≥2 RISF was significantly lower compared with those who developed grade ≤1 RISF (6.9% versus 13%, P = 0.02). Two SNPs were identified as being significantly associated with RILA: rs1182531 (P = 4.2 × 10-9) and rs1182532 (P = 3.6 × 10-8); both located within the PHACTR3 gene on chromosome 20q13.33. Conclusions With long-term follow-up, letrozole can safely be delivered concomitantly with adjuvant breast RT. Translational sub-studies showed that high RILA values were correlated with patients who did not develop RISF. Registered clinical trial NCT00208273.
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- 2016
218. A New Population of Parvocellular Oxytocin Neurons Controlling Magnocellular Neuron Activity and Inflammatory Pain Processing
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Pierrick Poisbeau, H. Sophie Knobloch-Bollmann, Lena C. Roth, Nathalie Petit-Demoulière, Alexandru Cristian Ciobanu, Moses V. Chao, Bice Chini, Linette Liqi Tan, Rodrigo Triana-Del Rio, Valery Grinevich, Rohini Kuner, Tim Gruber, Marina Eliava, Ferdinand Althammer, Jérôme Wahis, Yannick Goumon, Virginie Chavant, Mariela Mitre, Alexandre Charlet, Günter Giese, Miriam da Silva Gouveia, Marta Busnelli, Yan Tang, Ron Stoop, Robert C. Froemke, Rolf Sprengel, Peter H. Seeburg, Meggane Melchior, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Max Planck Institute for Medical Research [Heidelberg], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, East China Normal University [Shangaï] (ECNU), Lausanne University Hospital, National Research Council [Milan, Italy], Humanitas Clinical and Research Center [Rozzano, Milan, Italy], Heidelberg University, New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Institut d’Etudes Avancées de l’Université de Strasbourg - Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Central Institute of Mental Health [Mannheim], Medical Faculty [Mannheim], and Charlet, Alexandre
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0301 basic medicine ,Action Potentials ,Oxytocin ,Supraoptic nucleus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transduction, Genetic ,Neural Pathways ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Neurons ,General Neuroscience ,Nociception ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spinal Cord ,Receptors, Oxytocin ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Cholecystokinin ,Supraoptic Nucleus ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vasopressins ,Neuroscience(all) ,Neuropeptide ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Parvocellular cell ,Posterior pituitary ,Quinoxalines ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Rats, Wistar ,Inflammation ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Spinal cord ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,nervous system ,Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 ,Neuralgia ,Neuron ,Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - Abstract
International audience; Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide elaborated by the hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei. Magnocellular OT neurons of these nuclei innervate numerous forebrain regions and release OT into the blood from the posterior pituitary. The PVN also harbors parvocellular OT cells that project to the brainstem and spinal cord, but their function has not been directly assessed. Here, we identified a subset of approximately 30 parvocellular OT neurons, with collateral projections onto magnocellular OT neurons and neurons of deep layers of the spinal cord. Evoked OT release from these OT neurons suppresses nociception and promotes analgesia in an animal model of inflammatory pain. Our findings identify a new population of OT neurons that modulates nociception in a two tier process: (1) directly by release of OT from axons onto sensory spinal cord neurons and inhibiting their activity and (2) indirectly by stimulating OT release from SON neurons into the periphery.
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- 2016
219. Combinatorial Genetic Modeling ofpfcrt-Mediated Drug Resistance Evolution inPlasmodium falciparum
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Charin Modchang, Thanat Chookajorn, Stanislaw J. Gabryszewski, David A. Fidock, Lise Musset, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), Mahidol University [Bangkok], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine [Bangkok, Thailand] (Faculty of Tropical Medicine), Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York], Laboratoire de Parasitologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Centre Collaborateur OMS pour la surveillance de la résistance aux antipaludiques [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CCOMS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Department of Microbiology [New York, NY, USA], New York University School of Medicine, and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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pfcrt chloroquine resistance transporter ,0301 basic medicine ,Plasmodium falciparum ,Protozoan Proteins ,Amodiaquine ,Drug resistance ,Biology ,evolutionary genetics ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Antimalarials ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Chloroquine ,parasitic diseases ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology ,Malaria, Falciparum ,Allele ,Artemisinin ,Molecular Biology ,Discoveries ,Alleles ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Plasmodium falciparum malaria ,drug resistance ,Models, Genetic ,Haplotype ,Membrane Transport Proteins ,[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,transfection ,Haplotypes ,Mutation ,Quinolines ,Malaria ,medicine.drug - Abstract
International audience; The emergence of drug resistance continuously threatens global control of infectious diseases, including malaria caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum. A critical parasite determinant is the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT), the primary mediator of chloroquine (CQ) resistance (CQR), and a pleiotropic modulator of susceptibility to several first-line artemisinin-based combination therapy partner drugs. Aside from the validated CQR molecular marker K76T, P. falciparum parasites have acquired at least three additional pfcrt mutations, whose contributions to resistance and fitness have been heretofore unclear. Focusing on the quadruple-mutant Ecuadorian PfCRT haplotype Ecu1110 (K76T/A220S/N326D/I356L), we genetically modified the pfcrt locus of isogenic, asexual blood stage P. falciparum parasites using zinc-finger nucleases, producing all possible combinations of intermediate pfcrt alleles. Our analysis included the related quintuple-mutant PfCRT haplotype 7G8 (Ecu1110 þ C72S) that is widespread throughout South America and the Western Pacific. Drug susceptibilities and in vitro growth profiles of our combinatorial pfcrt-modified parasites were used to simulate the mutational trajectories accessible to parasites as they evolved CQR. Our results uncover unique contributions to parasite drug resistance and growth for mutations beyond K76T and predict critical roles for the CQ metabolite monodesethyl-CQ and the related quinoline-type drug amodiaquine in driving mutant pfcrt evolution. Modeling outputs further highlight the influence of parasite proliferation rates alongside gains in drug resistance in dictating successful trajectories. Our findings suggest that P. falciparum parasites have navigated constrained pfcrt adaptive landscapes by means of probabilistically rare mutational bursts that led to the infrequent emergence of pfcrt alleles in the field.
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- 2016
220. Estimating Burden and Disease Costs of Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in the European Union
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R. Thomas Zoeller, Niels E. Skakkebæk, John Peterson Myers, Joseph DiGangi, Andreas Kortenkamp, Jerrold J. Heindel, Philippe Grandjean, Juliette Legler, Martine Bellanger, Russ Hauser, Leonardo Trasande, Ulla Hass, Dpt of Population Health [New York], New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), College of Global Public Health [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine [New York], Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Bristol [Bristol], École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), EA Management des Organisations de Santé (EA MOS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Chemistry and Biology, Amsterdam Global Change Institute, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Male ,Gerontology ,obesity ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Clinical Biochemistry ,cost of illness ,Disease ,Biochemistry ,male infertility ,Endocrinology ,Economic cost ,steering committee ,Epidemiology ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,united states environmental protection agency ,Child ,health care economics and organizations ,media_common ,adult ,Environmental exposure ,Middle Aged ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,3. Good health ,endocrine disruptors ,climate change ,type 2 ,Endocrine disruptor ,intellectual disability ,diabetes mellitus ,Environmental Pollutants ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,cryptorchidism ,childhood obesity ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Context (language use) ,Endocrine System Diseases ,attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Internal medicine ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Humans ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European union ,european union ,Aged ,Mechanism (biology) ,business.industry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Original Articles ,Environmental Exposure ,economics ,mortality ,disability ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,exposure ,consensus ,13. Climate action ,testosterone ,world health organization ,autistic disorder ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business - Abstract
CONTEXT: Rapidly increasing evidence has documented that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contribute substantially to disease and disability.OBJECTIVE: The objective was to quantify a range of health and economic costs that can be reasonably attributed to EDC exposures in the European Union (EU).DESIGN: A Steering Committee of scientists adapted the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change weight-of-evidence characterization for probability of causation based upon levels of available epidemiological and toxicological evidence for one or more chemicals contributing to disease by an endocrine disruptor mechanism. To evaluate the epidemiological evidence, the Steering Committee adapted the World Health Organization Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group criteria, whereas the Steering Committee adapted definitions recently promulgated by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency for evaluating laboratory and animal evidence of endocrine disruption. Expert panels used the Delphi method to make decisions on the strength of the data.RESULTS: Expert panels achieved consensus at least for probable (>20%) EDC causation for IQ loss and associated intellectual disability, autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, childhood obesity, adult obesity, adult diabetes, cryptorchidism, male infertility, and mortality associated with reduced testosterone. Accounting for probability of causation and using the midpoint of each range for probability of causation, Monte Carlo simulations produced a median cost of €157 billion (or $209 billion, corresponding to 1.23% of EU gross domestic product) annually across 1000 simulations. Notably, using the lowest end of the probability range for each relationship in the Monte Carlo simulations produced a median range of €109 billion that differed modestly from base case probability inputs.CONCLUSIONS: EDC exposures in the EU are likely to contribute substantially to disease and dysfunction across the life course with costs in the hundreds of billions of Euros per year. These estimates represent only those EDCs with the highest probability of causation; a broader analysis would have produced greater estimates of burden of disease and costs.
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- 2016
221. Suidae from Kanapoi
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Denis Geraads, René Bobe, Dynamique de l'évolution humaine : individus, populations, espèces [Paris] (DEHIPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Anthropology [New York University], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), University of Oxford [Oxford], and Universidad de Chile
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Male ,0106 biological sciences ,Systematics ,Pliocene ,Swine ,Context (language use) ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Suidae ,Kolpochoerus ,Animals ,0601 history and archaeology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Kanapoi ,060101 anthropology ,Dentition ,Fossils ,Ecology ,African ,Paleontology ,06 humanities and the arts ,biology.organism_classification ,Biological Evolution ,Kenya ,Nyanzachoerus ,Notochoerus ,Evolutionary biology ,Anthropology ,Female - Abstract
International audience; The whole collection of Suidae from Kanapoi is revised in the context of the systematics and evolution of Nyanzachoerus in the Pliocene of Eastern Africa. It contains only two species, Nyanzachoerus kanamensis and Notochoerus jaegeri. The size and morphology of their premolars overlap, but not those of their m3s. No transitional form between them is known in Kenya, but some populations from Uganda and Ethiopia display intermediate characters, suggesting that No. jaegeri could be descended from a kanamensis-like ancestor. However, the cranial remains of No. jaegeri from Kanapoi are insufficient to formally establish the affinities of the species. On the basis of the dentition, Notochoerus euilus could be descended from No. jaegeri. The noticeable absence of Kolpochoerus at Kanapoi (and in the whole Turkana Basin at that time) remains unexplained. The presence of a species with affinity to Nyanzachoerus tulotos at Ekora raises the possibility that uppermost Miocene sediments occur there.
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- 2020
222. Improved reference genome of Aedes aegypti informs arbovirus vector control
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Adam M. Phillippy, Richard Hall, Michael R. Murphy, Vinita Joardar, Daniel E. Neafsey, Bradley J. White, Margaret Herre, Gareth D. Weedall, Steven D. Buckingham, Louis Lambrechts, Hugh M. Robertson, Andrew K. Jones, David B. Sattelle, Han Cao, Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez, Yang Wu, Maria V. Sharakhova, Allison M Weakley, Atashi Sharma, Alexander S. Raikhel, Olga Dudchenko, Catherine A. Hill, Sourav Roy, Saki Chan, Sara N. Mitchell, Alex Hastie, Arina D. Omer, Igor Filipović, Zhilei Zhao, Raissa G.G. Kay, Melissa Smith, Joyce Lee, Eric Cox, Sergey Koren, Li Zhao, Vidya Ramasamy, Benjamin J. Matthews, Joe Turner, William C. Black, Noah H. Rose, Leslie B. Vosshall, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Corey L. Campbell, Gordana Rašić, Zhijian Tu, J. Spencer Johnston, Jill Muehling, Jonas Korlach, Igor V. Sharakhov, Seth Redmond, Thanyalak Fansiri, Andrea Gloria-Soria, Omar S. Akbari, Aviva Presser Aiden, Richard S. Mann, Igor Antoshechkin, Jacob E. Crawford, Frederick A. Partridge, Alistair C. Darby, Sanjit S. Batra, Carolyn S. McBride, Sarah B. Kingan, Jeffrey R. Powell, Benjamin R. Evans, Gareth J Lycett, William J. Glassford, Paul Peluso, Shruti Sharan, Albin Fontaine, Carlos A Brito-Sierra, Terence Murphy, Vamsi K. Kodali, Rockefeller University [New York], Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York] (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), Kavli Neural Systems Institute, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University, Rice University [Houston], Pacific Biosciences [Menlo Park], Pacific Biosciences of California, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Verily Life Sciences Inc, Columbia University [New York], Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Princeton University, Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], Southern Medical University [Guangzhou], Purdue University [West Lafayette], University College of London [London] (UCL), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Bionano Genomics Inc, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Yale University [New Haven], Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences [Bangkok] (AFRIMS), QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Oxford Brookes University, University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), University of California (UC), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), University of Liverpool, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Texas A&M University [College Station], Tomsk State University [Tomsk], University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York], This research was supported in part by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under grant number U19AI110818 to the Broad Institute (S.N.R. and D.E.N.), USDA 2017-05741 (E.L.A.), NSF PHY-1427654 Center for Theoretical Biological Physics (E.L.A.), NIH Intramural Research Program, National Library of Medicine and National Human Genome Research Institute (A.M.P. and S.K.) and the following extramural NIH grants: R01AI101112 (J.R.P.), R35GM118336 (R.S.M. and W.J.G.), R21AI121853 (M.V.S., I.V.S. and A.S.), R01AI123338 (Z.T.), T32GM007739 (M.H.), NIH/NCATS UL1TR000043 (Rockefeller University), DP2OD008540 (E.L.A.), U01AI088647, 1R01AI121211 (W.C.B. IV), Fogarty Training Grant D43TW001130-08, U01HL130010 (E.L.A.), UM1HG009375 (E.L.A), 5K22AI113060 (O.S.A.), 1R21AI123937 (O.S.A.), and R00DC012069 (C.S.M.), Defence Advanced Research Project Agency: HR0011-17-2- 0047 (O.S.A.). Other support was provided by Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund (B.J.M.), Center for Theoretical Biological Physics postdoctoral fellowship (O.D.), Robertson Foundation (L.Z.), and McNair & Welch (Q-1866) Foundations (E.L.A.), French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID to L.L.), Agence Nationale de la Recherche grant ANR-17-ERC2-0016-01 (L.L.), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under ZikaPLAN grant agreement no. 734584 (L.L.), Pew and Searle Scholars Programs (C.S.M.), Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship in the Neurosciences (C.S.M.). A.M.W., B.J.W., J.E.C. and S.N.M. were supported by Verily Life Sciences. L.B.V. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute., We thank R. Andino, S. Emrich and D. Lawson (Vectorbase), A. A. James, M. Kunitomi, C. Nusbaum, D. Severson, N. Whiteman, T. Dickinson, M. Hartley and B. Rice (Dovetail Genomics) for early participation in the AGWG, C. Bargmann, D. Botstein, E. Jarvis and E. Lander for encouragement and facilitation. N. Keivanfar, D. Jaffe and D. M. Church (10X Genomics) prepared DNA for structural-variant analysis. We thank A. Harmon of the New York Times and acknowledge generous pro bono data and analysis from our corporate collaborators, ANR-17-ERC2-0016,GxG,Base génétique de la spécificité génotype-génotype dans l'interaction naturelle entre un virus et son insecte vecteur(2017), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: no. 734584, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California, Biochemistry, Entomology, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC)-New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), The Rockefeller University [New-York], Howard Hughes Medical Institute [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], Baylor College of Medicine ( BCM ), Baylor College of Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute ( NHGRI ), California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard ( BROAD INSTITUTE ), Harvard Medical School [Boston] ( HMS ) -Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston] ( MGH ) -Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ), Liverpool John Moore University ( ljmu ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] ( CSU ), National Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI ), Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences [Bangkok] ( AFRIMS ), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes ( VITROME ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions ( IVI ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] ( IRBA ), University of California [Riverside] ( UCR ), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine ( LSTM ), University of California [San Diego] ( UC San Diego ), and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana]
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,and promotion of well-being ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Genome, Insect ,Dengue virus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Dengue fever ,Insecticide Resistance ,Aedes ,Pyrethrins ,Chikungunya ,Glutathione Transferase ,Genetics ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,Genome ,biology ,Yellow fever ,Genomics ,Reference Standards ,3. Good health ,[ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Infectious Diseases ,Multigene Family ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,Female ,Infection ,Biotechnology ,DNA Copy Number Variations ,General Science & Technology ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,Population ,Aedes aegypti ,Mosquito Vectors ,Arbovirus Infections ,Arbovirus ,Insect Control ,Article ,Vaccine Related ,03 medical and health sciences ,QH301 ,Rare Diseases ,Underpinning research ,[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN] ,medicine ,Animals ,education ,QR355 ,3.2 Interventions to alter physical and biological environmental risks ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,Prevention ,Human Genome ,Genetic Variation ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,Dengue Virus ,Sex Determination Processes ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Prevention of disease and conditions ,Vector-Borne Diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,Genetics, Population ,Vector (epidemiology) ,Insect ,Arboviruses ,[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis - Abstract
Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infect more than 400 million people each year with dangerous viral pathogens including dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya. Progress in understanding the biology of mosquitoes and developing the tools to fight them has been slowed by the lack of a high-quality genome assembly. Here we combine diverse technologies to produce the markedly improved, fully re-annotated AaegL5 genome assembly, and demonstrate how it accelerates mosquito science. We anchored physical and cytogenetic maps, doubled the number of known chemosensory ionotropic receptors that guide mosquitoes to human hosts and egg-laying sites, provided further insight into the size and composition of the sex-determining M locus, and revealed copy-number variation among glutathione S-transferase genes that are important for insecticide resistance. Using high-resolution quantitative trait locus and population genomic analyses, we mapped new candidates for dengue vector competence and insecticide resistance. AaegL5 will catalyse new biological insights and intervention strategies to fight this deadly disease vector. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [U19AI110818]; USDA [2017-05741]; NIH Intramural Research Program; National Library of Medicine; National Human Genome Research Institute; NSF [PHY-1427654]; NIH [R01AI101112, R35GM118336, R21AI121853, R01AI123338, T32GM007739, NIH/NCATS UL1TR000043, DP2OD008540, U01AI088647, 1R01AI121211, D43TW001130-08, U01HL130010, UM1HG009375, 5K22AI113060, 1R21AI123937, R00DC012069]; Defence Advanced Research Project Agency [HR0011-17-2-0047]; Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund; Center for Theoretical Biological Physics postdoctoral fellowship; Robertson Foundation; McNair Foundation; Welch Foundation [Q-1866]; French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases [ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-17-ERC2-0016-01]; European Union [734584]; Pew and Searle Scholars Programs; Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship in the Neurosciences; Verily Life Sciences We thank R. Andino; S. Emrich and D. Lawson (Vectorbase); A. A. James, M. Kunitomi, C. Nusbaum, D. Severson, N. Whiteman; T. Dickinson, M. Hartley and B. Rice (Dovetail Genomics) for early participation in the AGWG; C. Bargmann, D. Botstein, E. Jarvis and E. Lander for encouragement and facilitation. N. Keivanfar, D. Jaffe and D. M. Church (10X Genomics) prepared DNA for structural-variant analysis. We thank A. Harmon of the New York Times and acknowledge generous pro bono data and analysis from our corporate collaborators. This research was supported in part by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under grant number U19AI110818 to the Broad Institute (S.N.R. and D.E.N.); USDA 2017-05741 (E.L.A.); NSF PHY-1427654 Center for Theoretical Biological Physics (E.L.A.); NIH Intramural Research Program, National Library of Medicine and National Human Genome Research Institute (A.M.P. and S.K.) and the following extramural NIH grants: R01AI101112 (J.R.P.), R35GM118336 (R.S.M. and W.J.G.), R21AI121853 (M.V.S., I.V.S. and A. S.), R01AI123338 (Z.T.), T32GM007739 (M.H.), NIH/NCATS UL1TR000043 (Rockefeller University), DP2OD008540 (E.L.A.), U01AI088647, 1R01AI121211 (W.C.B. IV), Fogarty Training Grant D43TW001130-08, U01HL130010 (E.L.A.), UM1HG009375 (E.L.A), 5K22AI113060 (O.S.A.), 1R21AI123937 (O.S.A.), and R00DC012069 (C.S.M.); Defence Advanced Research Project Agency: HR0011-17-2-0047 (O.S.A.). Other support was provided by Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund (B.J.M.), Center for Theoretical Biological Physics postdoctoral fellowship (O.D.), Robertson Foundation (L.Z.), and McNair & Welch (Q-1866) Foundations (E.L.A.), French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID to L.L.), Agence Nationale de la Recherche grant ANR-17-ERC2-0016-01 (L.L.), European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under ZikaPLAN grant agreement no. 734584 (L.L.), Pew and Searle Scholars Programs (C.S.M.), Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship in the Neurosciences (C.S.M.). A.M.W., B.J.W., J.E.C. and S.N.M. were supported by Verily Life Sciences. L.B.V. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
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- 2018
223. Prostate cancer heterogeneity: texture analysis score based on multiple magnetic resonance imaging sequences for detection, stratification and selection of lesions at time of biopsy
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Arnauld Villers, Audrey Fohlen, Francesco Giganti, Myriam Bernaudin, Céline Bazille, Henry Rusinek, Mark Emberton, Artem Mikheev, Vincent Lepennec, Clement Orczyk, Samuel Valable, Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques des pathologies Cérébrales et Tumorales (ISTCT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Service d'Urologie [CHU Caen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Division of Surgery and Interventional Science [London, UK], University College of London [London] (UCL), Service d'Urologie, andrologie et transplantation rénale [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Radiologie [CHU Caen], Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Department of Urology [London, UK] (Charing Cross Hospital), Imperial College NHS Trust [London, UK] -Charing Cross Hospital [London, UK], and Imperial College London-Charing Cross Hospital [London, UK]
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Male ,Urology ,Proof of Concept Study ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Correlation ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,McNemar's test ,stratification ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Biopsy ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,biopsy ,Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Aged ,PCSM ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Prostate Cancer ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Area under the curve ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Detection ,MRI image ,ROC Curve ,radiomics ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,processing ,Neoplasm Grading ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To undertake an early proof-of-concept study on a novel, semi-automated texture-based scoring system in order to enhance the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions and clinically significant prostate cancer (SPCa). PATIENTS AND METHODS With ethics approval, 536 imaging volumes were generated from 20 consecutive patients who underwent multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) at time of biopsy. Volumes of interest (VOIs) included zonal anatomy segmentation and suspicious MRI lesions for cancer (Likert Scale score >2). Entropy (E), measuring heterogeneity, was computed from VOIs and plotted as a multiparametric score defined as the entropy score (ES) = E ADC + E Ktrans + E Ve + E T2WI. The reference test that was used to define the ground truth comprised systematic saturation biopsies coupled with MRI-targeted sampling. This generated 422 cores in all that were individually labelled and oriented in three-dimensions. Diagnostic accuracy for detection of SPCa, defined as Gleason score ≥3 + 4 or >3 mm of any grade of cancer on a single core, was assessed using receiver operating characteristics, correlation, and descriptive statistics. The proportion of cancerous lesions detected by ES and visual scoring (VS) were statistically compared using the paired McNemar test. RESULTS Any cancer (Gleason score 6-8) was found in 12 of the 20 (60%) patients, with a median PSA level of 8.22 ng/mL. SPCa (mean [95% confidence interval, CI] ES = 17.96 [0.72] NATural information unit [NAT]) had a significantly higher ES than non-SPCa (mean [95% CI] ES = 15.33 [0.76] NAT). The ES correlated with Gleason score (rs = 0.568, P = 0.033) and maximum cancer core length (ρ = 0.781; P < 0.001). The area under the curve for the ES (0.89) and VS (0.91) were not significantly different (P = 0.75) for the detection of SPCa amongst MRI lesions. Best ES estimated numerical threshold of 16.61 NAT led to a sensitivity of 100% and negative predictive value of 100%. The proportion of MRI lesions that were found to be positive for SPCa using this ES threshold (54%) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than using the VS (24% of score 3, 4, 5) in a paired analysis using the McNemar test. In all, 53% of MRI lesions would have avoided biopsy sampling without missing significant disease. CONCLUSION Capturing heterogeneity of prostate cancer across multiple MRI sequences with the ES yielded high performances for the detection and stratification of SPCa. The ES outperformed the VS in predicting positivity of lesions, holding promise in the selection of targets for biopsy and calling for further understanding of this association.
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- 2018
224. Assessments of residential and global positioning system activity space for food environments, body mass index and blood pressure among low-income housing residents in New York City
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Basile Chaix, Brian Elbel, Yazan A. Al-Ajlouni, Jessica K. Athens, Dustin T. Duncan, Seann D. Regan, Pasquale E. Rummo, Kosuke Tamura, HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Division of Intramural Research [Bethesda, MD, USA] (Cardiovascular Branch), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Bethesda] (NHLBI), Department of Population Health [New York, NY, USA], New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Wagner Graduate School of Public Service [New York, NY, USA], New York University [New York] (NYU), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
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Adult ,Male ,Health (social science) ,Grocery store ,Adolescent ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Low-Income Housing Residents ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,lcsh:G1-922 ,Blood Pressure ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Article ,Body Mass Index ,Food Supply ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Residence Characteristics ,Environmental health ,11. Sustainability ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Exercise ,Poverty ,Minority Groups ,2. Zero hunger ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Global Positioning Systems ,Neighborhood Food Environment ,Middle Aged ,Health equity ,3. Good health ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Health Disparities ,Blood pressure ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Low income housing ,Gps data ,Global Positioning System ,Geographic Information Systems ,Female ,New York City ,business ,Body mass index ,Food environment ,lcsh:Geography (General) - Abstract
Research has examined how the food environment affects the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Many studies have focused on residential neighbourhoods, neglecting the activity spaces of individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate whether food environments in both residential and global positioning system (GPS)-defined activity space buffers are associated with body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) among low-income adults. Data came from the New York City Low Income Housing, Neighborhoods and Health Study, including BMI and BP data (n=102, age=39.3±14.1 years), and one week of GPS data. Five food environment variables around residential and GPS buffers included: fast-food restaurants, wait-service restaurants, corner stores, grocery stores, and supermarkets. We examined associations between food environments and BMI, systolic and diastolic BP, controlling for individual- and neighbourhood-level sociodemographics and population density. Within residential buffers, a higher grocery store density was associated with lower BMI (β=- 0.20 kg/m2, P
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- 2018
225. Spark-parSketch
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Oleksandra Levchenko, Reza Akbarinia, Dennis Shasha, Boyan Kolev, Djamel Edine Yagoubi, Florent Masseglia, Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)
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Spark ,[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,Similarity (geometry) ,Series (mathematics) ,Computer science ,Nearest neighbor search ,Search engine indexing ,similarity search ,0102 computer and information sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Parallel computing ,[INFO.INFO-NA]Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA] ,01 natural sciences ,distributed data processing ,Quadratic equation ,010201 computation theory & mathematics ,020204 information systems ,Spark (mathematics) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,time series ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,indexing - Abstract
International audience; A growing number of domains (finance, seismology, internet-of-things, etc.) collect massive time series. When the number of series grow to the hundreds of millions or even billions, similarity queries become intractable on a single machine. Further, naive (quadratic) parallelization won't work well. So, we need both efficient indexing and parallelization. We propose a demonstration of Spark-parSketch, a complete solution based on sketches / random projections to efficiently perform both the parallel indexing of large sets of time series and a similarity search on them. Because our method is approximate, we explore the tradeoff between time and precision. A video showing the dynamics of the demonstration can be found by the link http://parsketch.gforge.inria.fr/video/ parSketchdemo_720p.mov.
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- 2018
226. CLT for fluctuations of linear statistics in the Sine-beta process
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Thomas Leblé, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), and Leblé, Thomas
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[MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR] ,General Mathematics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,FOS: Physical sciences ,[MATH.MATH-FA]Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA] ,01 natural sciences ,Normal distribution ,010104 statistics & probability ,[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] ,Statistics ,FOS: Mathematics ,Limit (mathematics) ,0101 mathematics ,[MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] ,Real line ,Mathematical Physics ,media_common ,Mathematics ,Central limit theorem ,Laplace transform ,Probability (math.PR) ,010102 general mathematics ,[MATH.MATH-FA] Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA] ,Mathematical Physics (math-ph) ,16. Peace & justice ,Infinity ,Sobolev space ,[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR] ,Norm (mathematics) ,Mathematics - Probability - Abstract
We prove, for any $\beta >0$, a central limit theorem for the fluctuations of linear statistics in the Sine-$\beta$ process, which is the infinite volume limit of the random microscopic behavior in the bulk of one-dimensional log-gases at inverse temperature $\beta$. If $\phi$ is a compactly supported test function of class $C^4$, and $\mathcal{C}$ is a random point configuration distributed according to Sine-$\beta$, the integral of $\phi(\cdot / \ell)$ against the random fluctuation $d\mathcal{C} - dx$, converges in law, as $\ell$ goes to infinity, to a centered normal random variable whose standard deviation is proportional to the Sobolev $H^{1/2}$ norm of $\phi$ on the real line. The proof relies on the DLR equations for Sine-$\beta$ established by Dereudre-Hardy-Ma\"ida and the author, the Laplace transform trick introduced by Johansson, and a transportation method previously used for $\beta$-ensembles at macroscopic scale., Comment: 48p
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- 2018
227. The genetic architecture of genome-wide recombination rate variation in allopolyploid wheat revealed by nested association mapping
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Jamie D. Sherman, Eduard Akhunov, Fei He, Luther E. Talbert, Jorge Dubcovsky, Yanni Lun, Katherine W. Jordan, Etienne Paux, Alina Akhunova, Karl D. Glover, Shiaoman Chao, Michael O. Pumphrey, Nancy K. Blake, Pierre Sourdille, Shichen Wang, Department of Plant Pathology, Shizuoka University, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Montana State University (MSU), Integrated Genomics Facility, Kansas State University, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University (SDSTATE), Department of Plant Sciences (DPS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York] (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC)-New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Agriculture Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture 67007-25939 2016-67013-24473, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, French Government ANR-10-BTBR-03, FranceAgriMer, French Funds to support Plant Breeding (FSOV), INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York], New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC)-Rockefeller University [New York]
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0301 basic medicine ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Population ,Quantitative Trait Loci ,Plant Biology & Botany ,Plant Biology ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Plant Science ,Quantitative trait locus ,Biology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Polyploidy ,polyploid wheat ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gene mapping ,blé ,Genetic ,crossovers ,wheat ,Genetics ,nested association mapping ,Nested association mapping ,Polymorphism ,interstitial CO QTL ,education ,Triticum ,Alleles ,Recombination, Genetic ,recombination rate ,education.field_of_study ,Genome ,food and beverages ,Chromosome Mapping ,Genetic Variation ,Cell Biology ,Original Articles ,Single Nucleotide ,Plant ,Genetic architecture ,Recombination ,Genetic load ,030104 developmental biology ,Genetic marker ,Original Article ,deleterious SNPs ,Genome, Plant ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Summary Recombination affects the fate of alleles in populations by imposing constraints on the reshuffling of genetic information. Understanding the genetic basis of these constraints is critical for manipulating the recombination process to improve the resolution of genetic mapping, and reducing the negative effects of linkage drag and deleterious genetic load in breeding. Using sequence‐based genotyping of a wheat nested association mapping (NAM) population of 2,100 recombinant inbred lines created by crossing 29 diverse lines, we mapped QTL affecting the distribution and frequency of 102 000 crossovers (CO). Genome‐wide recombination rate variation was mostly defined by rare alleles with small effects together explaining up to 48.6% of variation. Most QTL were additive and showed predominantly trans‐acting effects. The QTL affecting the proximal COs also acted additively without increasing the frequency of distal COs. We showed that the regions with decreased recombination carry more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with possible deleterious effects than the regions with a high recombination rate. Therefore, our study offers insights into the genetic basis of recombination rate variation in wheat and its effect on the distribution of deleterious SNPs across the genome. The identified trans‐acting additive QTL can be utilized to manipulate CO frequency and distribution in the large polyploid wheat genome opening the possibility to improve the efficiency of gene pyramiding and reducing the deleterious genetic load in the low‐recombining pericentromeric regions of chromosomes., Significance Statement This study offers insights into the genetic basis of recombination rate variation in allopolyploid wheat and its effect on the distribution of deleterious SNPs across the genome. The identified trans‐acting additive recombination rate QTL can be utilized to manipulate crossover frequency and distribution in the large polyploid wheat genome opening the possibility to improve the efficiency of gene pyramiding and reducing the deleterious genetic load in the low recombining pericentromeric regions of chromosomes.
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- 2018
228. ParCorr: efficient parallel methods to identify similar time series pairs across sliding windows
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Reza Akbarinia, Florent Masseglia, Oleksandra Levchenko, Djamel Edine Yagoubi, Boyan Kolev, Patrick Valduriez, Dennis Shasha, Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)
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Speedup ,[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Multivariate random variable ,Nearest neighbour algorithm ,Window (computing) ,02 engineering and technology ,[INFO.INFO-NA]Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA] ,Sensor fusion ,Computer Science Applications ,Reduction (complexity) ,Euclidean distance ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,Precision and recall ,Algorithm ,Information Systems - Abstract
International audience; Consider the problem of finding the highly correlated pairs of time series over a time window and then sliding that window to find the highly correlated pairs over successive co-temporous windows such that each successive window starts only a little time after the previous window. Doing this efficiently and in parallel could help in applications such as sensor fusion, financial trading, or communications network monitoring, to name a few. We have developed a parallel incremental random vector/sketching approach to this problem (as explained in section 4) and compared it with the state-of-the-art nearest neighbor method iSAX [7]. Whereas iSAX achieves 100% recall and precision for Euclidean distance, the sketching approach is, empirically, at least 10 times faster and achieves 95% recall and 100% precision on real and simulated data. For many applications this speedup is worth the minor reduction in recall. Our method scales up to 100 million time series and scales linearly in its expensive steps (but quadratic in the less expensive ones).
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- 2018
229. Scientific Data Analysis Using Data-Intensive Scalable Computing: the SciDISC Project
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Valduriez, P., Mattoso, M., Akbarinia, R., Borges, H., Camata, J., Coutinho, A., Gaspar, D., Lemus, N., Liu, J., Lustosa, H., Masseglia, F., Silva, F. N. D., Silva, V., Souza, R., Ocaña, K., Eduardo Ogasawara, Oliveira, D. D., Pacitti, E., Porto, F., Shasha, D., Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut de Biologie Computationnelle (IBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE-UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (Rio de Janeiro) ( CEFET/RJ), Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] (LNCC / MCT), Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), SciDISC Inria associated team with Brazil, European Project: 689772,H2020 Pilier Industrial Leadership,H2020-EUB-2015,HPC4E(2015), COPPE - Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE-UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)
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Big data ,Scalable Data-Intensive Computing ,[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,HPC ,Scientific data ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.2: DATABASE MANAGEMENT ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] - Abstract
International audience; Data-intensive science requires the integration of two fairly different paradigms: high-performance computing (HPC) and data-intensive scalable computing (DISC), as exemplified by frameworks such as Hadoop and Spark. In this context, the SciDISC project addresses the grand challenge of scientific data analysis using DISC, by developing architectures and methods to combine simulation and data analysis. SciDISC is an ongoing project between Inria, several research institutions in Rio de Janeiro and NYU. This paper introduces the motivations and objectives of the project, and reports on the first results achieved so far.
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- 2018
230. Constellation Queries over Big Data
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Porto, Fábio, Khatibi, Amir, Rittmeyer, Joao, Ogasawara, Eduardo, Valduriez, Patrick, Shasha, Dennis, Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] (LNCC / MCT), Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (Rio de Janeiro) ( CEFET/RJ), Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), SBC, SciDISC Inria associated team with Brazil, European Project: 689772,H2020 Pilier Industrial Leadership,H2020-EUB-2015,HPC4E(2015), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Big data ,[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,Computer Science - Databases ,H.2.4 ,H.2.8 ,H.3.1 ,Databases (cs.DB) ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.2: DATABASE MANAGEMENT ,Pattern search - Abstract
International audience; A geometrical pattern is a set of points with all pairwise distances (or, more generally, relative distances) specified. Finding matches to such patterns has applications to spatial data in seismic, astronomical, and transportation contexts. Finding geometric patterns is a challenging problem as the potential number of sets of elements that compose shapes is exponentially large in the size of the dataset and the pattern. In this paper, we propose algorithms to find patterns in large data applications. Our methods combine quadtrees, matrix multiplication, and bucket join processing to discover sets of points that match a geometric pattern within some additive factor on the pairwise distances. Our distributed experiments show that the choice of composition algorithm (matrix multiplication or nested loops) depends on the freedom introduced in the query geometry through the distance additive factor. Three clearly identified blocks of threshold values guide the choice of the best composition algorithm.; Um padra ̃o geome ́trico e ́ definido por um conjunto de pontos e todos os pares de distaˆncias entre estes pontos. Encontrar casamentos de padro ̃es geome ́tricos em datasets tem aplicac ̧o ̃es na astronomia, na pesquisa s ́ısmica e no desenho de a ́reas urbanas. A soluc ̧a ̃o do problema impo ̃e um grande desafio, considerando-se o nu ́mero exponencial de candidatos, potencialmente func ̧a ̃o do nu ́mero de elementos no dataset e nu ́mero de pontos na forma geome ́trica. O me ́todo aqui apresentado inclui: quadtrees,multiplicac ̧a ̃o de matrizes e junc ̧o ̃es espaciais para encontrar conjuntos de pontos que se aproximem do padra ̃o fornecido, com um erro admiss ́ıvel. Apresentamos uma implementac ̧a ̃o dis- tribu ́ıda reveladora de que a escolha do algoritmo (multiplicac ̧a ̃o de matrizes ou junc ̧o ̃es espaciais) depende da liberdade introduzida por um fator de erro adi- tivo na geometria do padra ̃o. Identificamos treˆs regio ̃es baseadas nos valores de erro tolerados que determinam a escolha do algoritmo.
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- 2018
231. Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2018
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Kang Seuk Choi, Nikos Vasilakis, Claudio Verdugo, Janusz T. Paweska, Thomas Briese, Víctor Manuel Neira Ramírez, Andrew J. Bennett, Masayuki Horie, Charles H. Calisher, Robert Kityo, Anthony R. Fooks, Martin Schwemmle, Sunil K. Mor, Nidia G. Aréchiga Ceballos, Timothy H. Hyndman, Ayato Takada, Yíngyún Caì, Robert A. Lamb, Alexander Bukreyev, Paul A. Rota, Tony L. Goldberg, Lin-Fa Wang, Benhur Lee, Kartik Chandran, Hideki Ebihara, Michael R. Wiley, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Anna E. Whitfield, Mark D. Stenglein, Piet Maes, Andrew J. Easton, Jean L. Patterson, Valerian V. Dolja, Olga Dolnik, Eugene V. Koonin, James F. X. Wellehan, Ralf Dürrwald, Peter L. Collins, Qisheng Song, Susan Payne, Jonathan S. Towner, Sina Bavari, Sonia Vázquez-Morón, Pierre Formenty, Sophie J. Smither, Keizō Tomonaga, Leslie L. Domier, Dàohóng Jiāng, Gael Kurath, Robert B. Tesh, Sergey V. Netesov, Elodie Ghedin, Andrea Maisner, Denise A. Marston, Cristine Campos Lawson, Elke Mühlberger, Christopher F. Basler, Conrad M. Freuling, Yǒng Zhèn Zhāng, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Peter J. Walker, Gōngyín Yè, David Wang, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Gustavo Palacios, Gary P. Kobinger, Yuri I. Wolf, Timothy Song, Hideki Kondō, Mart Krupovic, Karla Prieto, David M. Stone, Luciano M. Thomazelli, Colin A. Chapman, Ashley C. Banyard, Jens H. Kuhn, Stuart G. Siddell, Noël Tordo, John M. Dye, Terry Fei Fan Ng, Charles Y. Chiu, Kim R. Blasdell, Bertus K. Rima, Victoria Wahl, Eric M. Leroy, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Juan Emilio Echevarría, Norbert Nowotny, Roger Hewson, Thomas Müller, Viktor E. Volchkov, Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM), University of Washington [Seattle], Laboratorio de Rabia, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencias Epidemiológicos, Animal and Plant Health Agency [Weybridge] (APHA), Georgia State University, University System of Georgia (USG), U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison-Influenza Research Institute, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University [New York], The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Department of Anthropology [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Avian Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), University of Queensland [Brisbane], Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University (OSU), Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, University of Chicago, IDT Biologika, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick [Coventry], Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rochester [USA], Institute of Health Carlos III, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Department of Viroscience [Rotterdam, The Netherlands], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health - Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Public Health England [Salisbury] (PHE), Kagoshima University, Murdoch University, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University [Wuhan] (HZAU), Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), Research Centre in Infectious Diseases, CHUL Research Centre and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles (BMGE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), US Geological Survey [Seattle], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Northwestern University [Evanston], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Neuromuscular Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Department of Medicine [San Francisco], University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna] (Vetmeduni), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX], National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], University of Bristol [Bristol], Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Ministry of Defence (UK) (MOD), University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), University of Missouri System, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth] (CEFAS), Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Universidade de São Paulo - USP (BRAZIL), Institute for Virus Research, Stratégies antivirales, Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-WHO Collaborative Centre for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Bases moléculaires de la pathogénicité virale – Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity (BMPV), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center [Frederick], U.S. Social Security Administration, CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Ecoscience Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska System, Kansas State University, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease prevention and Control, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases [USA] (USAMRIID), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, McGill University, Kyoto University [Kyoto], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland (UQ), Philipps University of Marburg, Warwick University, Public Health England [Porton Down, Salisbury], Huazhong Agricultural University, Makerere University (MAK), Faculty of Medicine-Laval University [Québec], Okayama University [Okayama], Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Universidad de Chile, University of California-University of California, Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, Texas], National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD), Centre for Experimental Medicine [Queen’s University of Belfast], University of Bristol (School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine), University of Missouri [Columbia], Hokkaido University, Bases moléculaires de la pathogénicité virale – Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Duke NUS Medical School, University of Florida [Gainesville], and Virology
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0301 basic medicine ,Order Mononegavirales ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Mononegavirales Infections ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Data science ,Virology ,[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology ,Article ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,Humans ,Animals ,[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Mononegavirales ,Phylogeny - Abstract
International audience; In 2018, the order Mononegavirales was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 12 novel species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and summarizes additional taxonomic proposals that may affect the order in the near future.
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- 2018
232. EQUATIONS AND INTERVAL COMPUTATIONS FOR SOME FRACTALS
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Dominique Michelucci, Sebti Foufou, Lincong Fang, School of Information Technology, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, 310018 Hangzhou, China, Zhejiang University, Laboratoire d'Electronique, d'Informatique et d'Image [EA 7508] (Le2i), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Science Department, New York University [Abu Dhabi], and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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Interval Arithmetic Strange Attractors ,Boundary (topology) ,Interval Arithmetic § Corresponding author ,02 engineering and technology ,Interval (mathematics) ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Interval arithmetic ,Constructive solid geometry ,Fractal ,Function-Based Modeling ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Applied mathematics ,Function Representation ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Mathematics ,Applied Mathematics ,020207 software engineering ,Function (mathematics) ,Representation ,Surfaces ,Modeling and Simulation ,Bounded function ,Function representation ,Geometry and Topology ,Implicit - Abstract
International audience; Very few characteristic functions, or equations, are reported so far for fractals. Such functions, called Rvachev functions in function-based modeling, are zero on the boundary, negative for inside points and positive for outside points. This paper proposes Rvachev functions for some classical fractals. These functions are convergent series, which are bounded with interval arithmetic and interval analysis in finite time. This permits to extend the Recursive Space Subdivision (RSS) method, which is classical in Computer Graphics (CG) and Interval Analysis, to fractal geometric sets. The newly proposed fractal functions can also be composed with classical Rvachev functions today routinely used in Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) trees of CG or function-based modeling.
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- 2018
233. Encoding and Decoding Neuronal Dynamics: Methodological Framework to Uncover the Algorithms of Cognition
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King, Jean-Rémi, Gwilliams, Laura, Holdgraf, Chris, Sassenhagen, Jona, Barachant, Alexandre, Engemann, Denis, Larson, Eric, Gramfort, Alexandre, NYU Department of Psychology [New-York University], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS ), Berkeley Institute for Data Science (BIDS), The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute (HWNI), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Department of Psychology, CTRL-Labs, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington [Seattle], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
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[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP] ,[STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML] ,[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science ,[STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME] - Abstract
A central challenge to cognitive neuroscience consists in decomposing complex brain signals into an interpretable sequence of operations-an algorithm-which ultimately accounts for intelligent behaviors. Over the past decades, a variety of analytical tools have been developed to (i) isolate each algorithmic step and (ii) track their ordering from neuronal activity. In the present chapter, we briefly review the main methods to encode and decode temporally-resolved neural recordings, show how these approaches relate to one-another, and summarize their main premises and challenges. Finally we highlight, through a series of recent findings, the increasing role of machine learning both as i) a method to extract convoluted patterns of neural activity, and as ii) an operational framework to formalize the computational bases of cognition. Overall, we discuss how modern analyses of neural time series can identify the algorithmic organization of cognition.
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- 2018
234. Point pattern search in big data
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Eduardo Ogasawara, Alberto Krone-Martins, Fabio Porto, Dennis Shasha, Patrick Valduriez, João Guilherme Nobre Rittmeyer, Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] (LNCC / MCT), Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (Rio de Janeiro) ( CEFET/RJ), University of Lisboa, Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut de Biologie Computationnelle (IBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Inria associated team SciDISC, Biology Computational Institute (IBC), European Project: 689772,H2020 Pilier Industrial Leadership,H2020-EUB-2015,HPC4E(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Big Data ,Query processing ,[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,Matching (graph theory) ,Computer science ,Isotropy ,Point set registration ,Scale (descriptive set theory) ,02 engineering and technology ,Scale factor ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.3: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL/H.3.3: Information Search and Retrieval ,Combinatorics ,Set (abstract data type) ,Stretch factor ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Information systems ,Information retrieval ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Point (geometry) ,Pattern search - Abstract
International audience; Consider a set of points P in space with at least some of the pairwise distances specified. Given this set P, consider the following three kinds of queries against a database D of points : (i) pure constellation query: find all sets S in D of size |P| that exactly match the pairwise distances within P up to an additive error ϵ; (ii) isotropic constellation queries: find all sets S in D of size |P| such that there exists some scale factor f for which the distances between pairs in S exactly match f times the distances between corresponding pairs of P up to an additive ϵ; (iii) non-isotropic constellation queries: find all sets S in D of size |P| such that there exists some scale factor f and for at least some pairs of points, a maximum stretch factor m i, j > 1 such that (f × m i, j ×dist(pi, pj))+ϵ > dist(si,sj) >(f × dist(pi, pj))-ϵ. Finding matches to such queries has applications to spatial data in astronomical, seismic, and any domain in which (approximate, scale-independent) geometrical matching is required. Answering the isotropic and non-isotropic queries is challenging because scale factors and stretch factors may take any of an infinite number of values. This paper proposes practically efficient sequential and distributed algorithms for pure, isotropic, and non-isotropic constellation queries. As far as we know, this is the first work to address isotropic and non-isotropic queries.
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- 2018
235. A continuum of pure states in the Ising model on a halfplane
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Douglas B. Abraham, Senya Shlosman, Charles M. Newman, Rudolf Peierls Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology [Moscow] (Skoltech), Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), CPT - E5 Physique statistique et systèmes complexes, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Oxford [Oxford]
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Physics ,Continuum (measurement) ,Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) ,82B20 ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,Mathematical Physics (math-ph) ,16. Peace & justice ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Exact solutions in general relativity ,Ferromagnetism ,Homogeneous ,[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] ,0103 physical sciences ,Right half-plane ,Ising model ,010306 general physics ,Mathematical Physics ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We study the homogeneous nearest-neighbor Ising ferromagnet on the right half plane with a Dobrushin type boundary condition --- say plus on the top part of the boundary and minus on the bottom. For sufficiently low temperature $T$, we completely characterize the pure (i.e., extremal) Gibbs states, as follows. There is exactly one for each angle $\theta\in\lbrack-\pi/2,+\pi/2]$; here $\theta$ specifies the asymptotic angle of the interface separating regions where the spin configuration looks like that of the plus (respectively, minus) full-plane state. Some of these conclusions are extended all the way to $T=T_{c}$ by developing new Ising exact solution result -- in particular, there is at least one pure state for each $\theta$., Comment: In this version, a discussion of the 3D case is included
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- 2018
236. Implementation of a Near-Optimal Complex Root Clustering Algorithm
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Imbach, Rémi, Pan, Victor, Yap, Chee, Technical University of Kaiserslautern (TU Kaiserslautern), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Lehman College of the City University of New York, City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Rémi's work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 676541.Victor's work is supported by NSF Grants CCF-1116736 and CCF-1563942 and by PSC CUNY Award 698130048.Chee's work is supported by NSF Grants CCF-1423228 and CCF-1564132., TU Kaiserslautern, City University of New York, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, and European Project: 676541,H2020,H2020-EINFRA-2015-1,OpenDreamKit(2015)
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ComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATION ,[INFO.INFO-CG]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG] ,[INFO.INFO-MS]Computer Science [cs]/Mathematical Software [cs.MS] - Abstract
We describe Ccluster, a software for computing natural ε-clusters of complex roots in a given box of the complex plane. This algorithm from Becker et al. (2016) is near-optimal when applied to the benchmark problem of isolating all complex roots of an integer polynomial. It is one (Irina Voiculescu informed us that her student Dan-Andrei Gheorghe has independently implemented the same algorithm in a Masters Thesis Project (May 18, 2017) at Oxford University. Sewon Park and Martin Ziegler at KAIST, Korea, have implemented a modified version of Becker et al.~(2016) for polynomials having only real roots being the eigenvalues of symmetric square matrices with real coefficients) of the first implementations of a near-optimal algorithm for complex roots. We describe some low level techniques for speeding up the algorithm. Its performance is compared with the well-known MPSolve library and Maple.
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- 2018
237. Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain
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Brainstorm Consortium, Anttila, Verneri, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Finucane, Hilary K, Walters, Raymond K, Bras, Jose, Duncan, Laramie, Escott-Price, Valentina, Falcone, Guido J, Gormley, Padhraig, Malik, Rainer, Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A, Ripke, Stephan, Wei, Zhi, Yu, Dongmei, Lee, Phil H, Turley, Patrick, Grenier-Boley, Benjamin, Chouraki, Vincent, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Berr, Claudine, Letenneur, Luc, Hannequin, Didier, Amouyel, Philippe, Boland, Anne, Deleuze, Jean-François, Duron, Emmanuelle, Vardarajan, Badri N, Reitz, Christiane, Goate, Alison M, Huentelman, Matthew J, Kamboh, M Ilyas, Larson, Eric B, Rogaeva, Ekaterina, St George-Hyslop, Peter, Hakonarson, Hakon, Kukull, Walter A, Farrer, Lindsay A, Barnes, Lisa L, Beach, Thomas G, Demirci, F Yesim, Head, Elizabeth, Hulette, Christine M, Jicha, Gregory A, Kauwe, John SK, Kaye, Jeffrey A, Leverenz, James B, Levey, Allan I, Lieberman, Andrew P, Pankratz, Vernon S, Poon, Wayne W, Quinn, Joseph F, Saykin, Andrew J, Schneider, Lon S, Smith, Amanda G, Sonnen, Joshua A, Stern, Robert A, Van Deerlin, Vivianna M, Van Eldik, Linda J, Harold, Denise, Russo, Giancarlo, Rubinsztein, David C, Bayer, Anthony, Tsolaki, Magda, Proitsi, Petra, Fox, Nick C, Hampel, Harald, Owen, Michael J, Mead, Simon, Passmore, Peter, Morgan, Kevin, Nöthen, Markus M, Rossor, Martin, Lupton, Michelle K, Hoffmann, Per, Kornhuber, Johannes, Lawlor, Brian, McQuillin, Andrew, Al-Chalabi, Ammar, Bis, Joshua C, Ruiz, Agustin, Boada, Mercè, Seshadri, Sudha, Beiser, Alexa, Rice, Kenneth, Van Der Lee, Sven J, De Jager, Philip L, Geschwind, Daniel H, Riemenschneider, Matthias, Riedel-Heller, Steffi, Rotter, Jerome I, Ransmayr, Gerhard, Hyman, Bradley T, Cruchaga, Carlos, Alegret, Montserrat, Winsvold, Bendik, Palta, Priit, Farh, Kai-How, Cuenca-Leon, Ester, Furlotte, Nicholas, Kurth, Tobias, Ligthart, Lannie, Terwindt, Gisela M, Freilinger, Tobias, Ran, Caroline, Gordon, Scott D, Borck, Guntram, Adams, Hieab HH, Lehtimäki, Terho, Wedenoja, Juho, Buring, Julie E, Schürks, Markus, Hrafnsdottir, Maria, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Penninx, Brenda, Artto, Ville, Kaunisto, Mari, Vepsäläinen, Salli, Martin, Nicholas G, Montgomery, Grant W, Kurki, Mitja I, Hämäläinen, Eija, Huang, Hailiang, Huang, Jie, Sandor, Cynthia, Webber, Caleb, Muller-Myhsok, Bertram, Schreiber, Stefan, Salomaa, Veikko, Loehrer, Elizabeth, Göbel, Hartmut, Macaya, Alfons, Pozo-Rosich, Patricia, Hansen, Thomas, Werge, Thomas, Kaprio, Jaakko, Metspalu, Andres, Kubisch, Christian, Ferrari, Michel D, Belin, Andrea C, Van Den Maagdenberg, Arn MJM, Zwart, John-Anker, Boomsma, Dorret, Eriksson, Nicholas, Olesen, Jes, Chasman, Daniel I, Nyholt, Dale R, Avbersek, Andreja, Baum, Larry, Berkovic, Samuel, Bradfield, Jonathan, Buono, Russell J, Catarino, Claudia B, Cossette, Patrick, De Jonghe, Peter, Depondt, Chantal, Dlugos, Dennis, Ferraro, Thomas N, French, Jacqueline, Hjalgrim, Helle, Jamnadas-Khoda, Jennifer, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kunz, Wolfram S, Lerche, Holger, Leu, Costin, Lindhout, Dick, Lo, Warren, Lowenstein, Daniel, McCormack, Mark, Møller, Rikke S, Molloy, Anne, Ng, Ping-Wing, Oliver, Karen, Privitera, Michael, Radtke, Rodney, Ruppert, Ann-Kathrin, Sander, Thomas, Schachter, Steven, Schankin, Christoph, Scheffer, Ingrid, Schoch, Susanne, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Smith, Philip, Sperling, Michael, Striano, Pasquale, Surges, Rainer, Thomas, G Neil, Visscher, Frank, Whelan, Christopher D, Zara, Federico, Heinzen, Erin L, Marson, Anthony, Becker, Felicitas, Stroink, Hans, Zimprich, Fritz, Gasser, Thomas, Gibbs, Raphael, Heutink, Peter, Martinez, Maria, Morris, Huw R, Sharma, Manu, Ryten, Mina, Mok, Kin Y, Pulit, Sara, Bevan, Steve, Holliday, Elizabeth, Attia, John, Battey, Thomas, Boncoraglio, Giorgio, Thijs, Vincent, Chen, Wei-Min, Mitchell, Braxton, Rothwell, Peter, Sharma, Pankaj, Sudlow, Cathie, Vicente, Astrid, Markus, Hugh, Kourkoulis, Christina, Pera, Joana, Raffeld, Miriam, Silliman, Scott, Boraska Perica, Vesna, Thornton, Laura M, Huckins, Laura M, William Rayner, N, Lewis, Cathryn M, Gratacos, Monica, Rybakowski, Filip, Keski-Rahkonen, Anna, Raevuori, Anu, Hudson, James I, Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted, Monteleone, Palmiero, Karwautz, Andreas, Mannik, Katrin, Baker, Jessica H, O'Toole, Julie K, Trace, Sara E, Davis, Oliver SP, Helder, Sietske G, Ehrlich, Stefan, Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate, Danner, Unna N, Van Elburg, Annemarie A, Clementi, Maurizio, Forzan, Monica, Docampo, Elisa, Lissowska, Jolanta, Hauser, Joanna, Tortorella, Alfonso, Maj, Mario, Gonidakis, Fragiskos, Tziouvas, Konstantinos, Papezova, Hana, Yilmaz, Zeynep, Wagner, Gudrun, Cohen-Woods, Sarah, Herms, Stefan, Julià, Antonio, Rabionet, Raquel, Dick, Danielle M, Ripatti, Samuli, Andreassen, Ole A, Espeseth, Thomas, Lundervold, Astri J, Steen, Vidar M, Pinto, Dalila, Scherer, Stephen W, Aschauer, Harald, Schosser, Alexandra, Alfredsson, Lars, Padyukov, Leonid, Halmi, Katherine A, Mitchell, James, Strober, Michael, Bergen, Andrew W, Kaye, Walter, Szatkiewicz, Jin Peng, Cormand, Bru, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Sánchez-Mora, Cristina, Ribasés, Marta, Casas, Miguel, Hervas, Amaia, Arranz, Maria Jesús, Haavik, Jan, Zayats, Tetyana, Johansson, Stefan, Williams, Nigel, Dempfle, Astrid, Rothenberger, Aribert, Kuntsi, Jonna, Oades, Robert D, Banaschewski, Tobias, Franke, Barbara, Buitelaar, Jan K, Arias Vasquez, Alejandro, Doyle, Alysa E, Reif, Andreas, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Freitag, Christine, Rivero, Olga, Palmason, Haukur, Romanos, Marcel, Langley, Kate, Rietschel, Marcella, Witt, Stephanie H, Dalsgaard, Soeren, Børglum, Anders D, Waldman, Irwin, Wilmot, Beth, Molly, Nikolas, Bau, Claiton HD, Crosbie, Jennifer, Schachar, Russell, Loo, Sandra K, McGough, James J, Grevet, Eugenio H, Medland, Sarah E, Robinson, Elise, Weiss, Lauren A, Bacchelli, Elena, Bailey, Anthony, Bal, Vanessa, Battaglia, Agatino, Betancur, Catalina, Bolton, Patrick, Cantor, Rita, Celestino-Soper, Patrícia, Dawson, Geraldine, De Rubeis, Silvia, Duque, Frederico, Green, Andrew, Klauck, Sabine M, Leboyer, Marion, Levitt, Pat, Maestrini, Elena, Mane, Shrikant, De-Luca, Daniel Moreno, Parr, Jeremy, Regan, Regina, Reichenberg, Abraham, Sandin, Sven, Vorstman, Jacob, Wassink, Thomas, Wijsman, Ellen, Cook, Edwin, Santangelo, Susan, Delorme, Richard, Rogé, Bernadette, Magalhaes, Tiago, Arking, Dan, Schulze, Thomas G, Thompson, Robert C, Strohmaier, Jana, Matthews, Keith, Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek, Blackwood, Douglas, McIntosh, Andrew, Bergen, Sarah E, Schalling, Martin, Jamain, Stéphane, Maaser, Anna, Fischer, Sascha B, Reinbold, Céline S, Fullerton, Janice M, Guzman-Parra, José, Mayoral, Fermin, Schofield, Peter R, Cichon, Sven, Mühleisen, Thomas W, Degenhardt, Franziska, Schumacher, Johannes, Bauer, Michael, Mitchell, Philip B, Gershon, Elliot S, Rice, John, Potash, James B, Zandi, Peter P, Craddock, Nick, Ferrier, I Nicol, Alda, Martin, Rouleau, Guy A, Turecki, Gustavo, Ophoff, Roel, Pato, Carlos, Anjorin, Adebayo, Stahl, Eli, Leber, Markus, Czerski, Piotr M, Cruceanu, Cristiana, Jones, Ian R, Posthuma, Danielle, Andlauer, Till FM, Forstner, Andreas J, Streit, Fabian, Baune, Bernhard T, Air, Tracy, Sinnamon, Grant, Wray, Naomi R, MacIntyre, Donald J, Porteous, David, Homuth, Georg, Rivera, Margarita, Grove, Jakob, Middeldorp, Christel M, Hickie, Ian, Pergadia, Michele, Mehta, Divya, Smit, Johannes H, Jansen, Rick, De Geus, Eco, Dunn, Erin, Li, Qingqin S, Nauck, Matthias, Schoevers, Robert A, Beekman, Aartjan Tf, Knowles, James A, Viktorin, Alexander, Arnold, Paul, Barr, Cathy L, Bedoya-Berrio, Gabriel, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Brentani, Helena, Burton, Christie, Camarena, Beatriz, Cappi, Carolina, Cath, Danielle, Cavallini, Maria, Cusi, Daniele, Darrow, Sabrina, Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M, Dietrich, Andrea, Fernandez, Thomas, Figee, Martijn, Freimer, Nelson, Gerber, Gloria, Grados, Marco, Greenberg, Erica, Hanna, Gregory L, Hartmann, Andreas, Hirschtritt, Matthew E, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Huang, Alden, Huyser, Chaim, Illmann, Cornelia, Jenike, Michael, Kuperman, Samuel, Leventhal, Bennett, Lochner, Christine, Lyon, Gholson J, Macciardi, Fabio, Madruga-Garrido, Marcos, Malaty, Irene A, Maras, Athanasios, McGrath, Lauren, Miguel, Eurípedes C, Mir, Pablo, Nestadt, Gerald, Nicolini, Humberto, Okun, Michael S, Pakstis, Andrew, Paschou, Peristera, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Plessen, Kerstin, Ramensky, Vasily, Ramos, Eliana M, Reus, Victor, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark A, Robertson, Mary M, Roessner, Veit, Rosário, Maria, Samuels, Jack F, Sandor, Paul, Stein, Dan J, Tsetsos, Fotis, Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip, Weatherall, Sarah, Wendland, Jens R, Wolanczyk, Tomasz, Worbe, Yulia, Zai, Gwyneth, Goes, Fernando S, McLaughlin, Nicole, Nestadt, Paul S, Grabe, Hans-Jorgen, Depienne, Christel, Konkashbaev, Anuar, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Valencia-Duarte, Ana, Bramon, Elvira, Buccola, Nancy, Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray, Chong, Siow A, Cohen, David, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crowley, James, Davidson, Michael, DeLisi, Lynn, Dinan, Timothy, Donohoe, Gary, Drapeau, Elodie, Duan, Jubao, Haan, Lieuwe, Hougaard, David, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Khrunin, Andrey, Klovins, Janis, Kučinskas, Vaidutis, Lee Chee Keong, Jimmy, Limborska, Svetlana, Loughland, Carmel, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Maher, Brion, Mattheisen, Manuel, McDonald, Colm, Murphy, Kieran C, Nenadic, Igor, Van Os, Jim, Pantelis, Christos, Pato, Michele, Petryshen, Tracey, Quested, Digby, Roussos, Panos, Sanders, Alan R, Schall, Ulrich, Schwab, Sibylle G, Sim, Kang, So, Hon-Cheong, Stögmann, Elisabeth, Subramaniam, Mythily, Toncheva, Draga, Waddington, John, Walters, James, Weiser, Mark, Cheng, Wei, Cloninger, Robert, Curtis, David, Gejman, Pablo V, Henskens, Frans, Mattingsdal, Morten, Oh, Sang-Yun, Scott, Rodney, Webb, Bradley, Breen, Gerome, Churchhouse, Claire, Bulik, Cynthia M, Daly, Mark, Dichgans, Martin, Faraone, Stephen V, Guerreiro, Rita, Holmans, Peter, Kendler, Kenneth S, Koeleman, Bobby, Mathews, Carol A, Price, Alkes, Scharf, Jeremiah, Sklar, Pamela, Williams, Julie, Wood, Nicholas W, Cotsapas, Chris, Palotie, Aarno, Smoller, Jordan W, Sullivan, Patrick, Rosand, Jonathan, Corvin, Aiden, Neale, Benjamin M, Schott, Jonathan M, Anney, Richard, Elia, Josephine, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria, Edenberg, Howard J, Murray, Robin, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI), University College of London [London] (UCL), School of Psychology [Cardiff University], Cardiff University, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität [München]-Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), New Jersey Institute of Technology [Newark] (NJIT), Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Microbiologie Appliquée (LBMA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Gériatrie générale et aigüe [Paris], AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Columbia University [New York], Dpt of Neuroscience [New York], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), University of Washington [Seattle], Tanz Center Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases [Toronto], University of Toronto, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), University of Kentucky (UK), School of medicine, Duke University [Durham], College of medicine, Brigham Young University (BYU), Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), Cleveland Clinic, Department of Neurology, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Medical School, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Health sciences center, The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indiana University System, Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), University of Utah School of Medicine [Salt Lake City], Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU), Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institut, King‘s College London, Dementia Research Centre [London] (DRC), Groupe de recherche clinique Alzheimer Precision Medicine (GRC 21 - APM), Sorbonne Université (SU), MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Medical Research Council-Cardiff University, MRC Prion Unit [London], Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), School of Medicine [Dublin], Trinity College Dublin, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health [Boston], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Saarland University [Saarbrücken], Universität Leipzig, School of Medicine [Los Angeles], Johannes Kepler Universität Linz - Johannes Kepler University Linz [Autriche] (JKU), Department of Neurology [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], School of Medecine, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, 23andMe Inc., Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Department of Biological Psychology [Amsterdam], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, University-Hospital Munich-Großhadern [München], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences [Tampere], University of Tampere [Finland], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Landspitali National University Hospital of Iceland, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Boston VA Research Institute (BVARI), Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], University of Tartu, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Universiteit Leiden-Universiteit Leiden, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Discipline of Psychiatry [Dublin], Trinity College Dublin-Trinity College Dublin, Institute of Neurology [London], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), University of Melbourne, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University [Camden] (CMSRU), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), University of Antwerp (UA), Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), University of Eastern Finland, Universitätsklinikum Bonn (UKB), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research [Tubingen], University of Tübingen, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre [London], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust-King‘s College London, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), United Christian Hospital [Hong Kong] (UCH), University of Cincinnati (UC), University of Cologne, Inselspital Bern, University of Wales, Jefferson University Hospitals, University of Liverpool, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), German Research Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases - Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Lincoln, University of Newcastle [Callaghan, Australia] (UoN), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', University of Virginia, University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System, Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), University of Edinburgh, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Split, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), McLean Hospital [Belmont, Ma.], Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Università degli Studi di Salerno = University of Salerno (UNISA), University of Bristol [Bristol], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Université de Liège, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (MCMCC), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' = University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Charles University [Prague] (CU), SURFACES, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), University of Oslo (UiO), University of Bergen (UiB), Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], University of North Dakota [Grand Forks] (UND), Oregon Research Institute (ORI), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Hospital Universitario Mutua de Terrassa, School of Computer Science and Communication [Stockholm], Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), University of British Columbia (UBC), IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris [Pisa], Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuroscience Paris Seine (NPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Academic Centre on Rare Diseases (ACoRD), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin (OLCHC), German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Children’s Hospital Los Angeles [Los Angeles], Yale University [New Haven], Brown University, Institute of Neuroscience [Newcastle] (ION), Newcastle University [Newcastle], Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Division of Medical Genetics [Seattle], University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Maine Medical Center Research Institute (MMCRI), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), University of Michigan System, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry [Mannhein], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University-Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, University of Dundee, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), University Hospital Basel [Basel], Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, UNSW Faculty of Medicine [Sydney], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), University of Chicago, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], State University of New York (SUNY), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], University of Adelaide, James Cook University (JCU), Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Greifswald University Hospital, The University of Sydney, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), University of Calgary, University Health Network, Universidad de Antioquia = University of Antioquia [Medellín, Colombia], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Ospedale San Raffaele, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Groningen [Groningen], Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Cape Town, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Denver, Purdue University [West Lafayette], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP), Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Medical University of Warsaw - Poland, Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine - Département d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Médecine Générale, Universitätsklinikum Essen [Universität Duisburg-Essen] (Uniklinik Essen), Vanderbilt University Medical Center [Nashville], Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Institute of Mental Health [Singapore], Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Tel Aviv University (TAU), University College Cork (UCC), University of Rochester [USA], Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Софийски университет = Sofia University, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre [Rīga], Vilnius University [Vilnius], Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Jena University Hospital [Jena], Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Schizophrenia Research Institute [Sydney], Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), This work was supported by grants 1R01MH10764901 and 5U01MH09443203 from the National Institute of Mental Health, as well as the Orion Farmos Research Foundation (V.A.) and the Fannie and John Hertz Foundation (H.K.F.). Consortium specific funding is detailed in the supplementary materials ('Study-specific acknowledgments')., Brainstorm Consortium, University of Kentucky, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Alzheimer Precision Medicine [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre] (GRC 21 AMP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Johannes Kepler University Linz [Linz] (JKU), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Università degli Studi di Salerno (UNISA), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg]-Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, VU University Amsterdam, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Yale University School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (SPEA), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], University of Sofia, Anttila, Verneri, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Finucane, Hilary K., Walters, Raymond K., Bras, Jose, Duncan, Laramie, Escott-Price, Valentina, Falcone, Guido J., Gormley, Padhraig, Malik, Rainer, Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A., Ripke, Stephan, Wei, Zhi, Yu, Dongmei, Lee, Phil H., Turley, Patrick, Grenier-Boley, Benjamin, Chouraki, Vincent, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Berr, Claudine, Letenneur, Luc, Hannequin, Didier, Amouyel, Philippe, Boland, Anne, Deleuze, Jean-Françoi, Duron, Emmanuelle, Vardarajan, Badri N., Reitz, Christiane, Goate, Alison M., Huentelman, Matthew J., Ilyas Kamboh, M., Larson, Eric B., Rogaeva, Ekaterina, George-Hyslop, Peter St, Hakonarson, Hakon, Kukull, Walter A., Farrer, Lindsay A., Barnes, Lisa L., Beach, Thomas G., Yesim Demirci, F., Head, Elizabeth, Hulette, Christine M., Jicha, Gregory A., Kauwe, John S.K., Kaye, Jeffrey A., Leverenz, James B., Levey, Allan I., Lieberman, Andrew P., Pankratz, Vernon S., Poon, Wayne W., Quinn, Joseph F., Saykin, Andrew J., Schneider, Lon S., Smith, Amanda G., Sonnen, Joshua A., Stern, Robert A., Van Deerlin, Vivianna M., Van Eldik, Linda J., Harold, Denise, Russo, Giancarlo, Rubinsztein, David C., Bayer, Anthony, Tsolaki, Magda, Proitsi, Petra, Fox, Nick C., Hampel, Harald, Owen, Michael J., Mead, Simon, Passmore, Peter, Morgan, Kevin, Nöthen, Markus M., Rossor, Martin, Lupton, Michelle K., Hoffmann, Per, Kornhuber, Johanne, Lawlor, Brian, McQuillin, Andrew, Al-Chalabi, Ammar, Bis, Joshua C., Ruiz, Agustin, Boada, Mercè, Seshadri, Sudha, Beiser, Alexa, Rice, Kenneth, Van Der Lee, Sven J., De Jager, Philip L., Geschwind, Daniel H., Riemenschneider, Matthia, Riedel-Heller, Steffi, Rotter, Jerome I., Ransmayr, Gerhard, Hyman, Bradley T., Cruchaga, Carlo, Alegret, Montserrat, Winsvold, Bendik, Palta, Priit, Farh, Kai-How, Cuenca-Leon, Ester, Furlotte, Nichola, Kurth, Tobia, Ligthart, Lannie, Terwindt, Gisela M., Freilinger, Tobia, Ran, Caroline, Gordon, Scott D., Borck, Guntram, Adams, Hieab H.H., Lehtimäki, Terho, Wedenoja, Juho, Buring, Julie E., Schürks, Marku, Hrafnsdottir, Maria, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Penninx, Brenda, Artto, Ville, Kaunisto, Mari, Vepsäläinen, Salli, Martin, Nicholas G., Montgomery, Grant W., Kurki, Mitja I., Hämäläinen, Eija, Huang, Hailiang, Huang, Jie, Sandor, Cynthia, Webber, Caleb, Muller-Myhsok, Bertram, Schreiber, Stefan, Salomaa, Veikko, Loehrer, Elizabeth, Göbel, Hartmut, Macaya, Alfon, Pozo-Rosich, Patricia, Hansen, Thoma, Werge, Thoma, Kaprio, Jaakko, Metspalu, Andre, Kubisch, Christian, Ferrari, Michel D., Belin, Andrea C., Van Den Maagdenberg, Arn M. J. M., Zwart, John-Anker, Boomsma, Dorret, Eriksson, Nichola, Olesen, Je, Chasman, Daniel I., Nyholt, Dale R., Avbersek, Andreja, Baum, Larry, Berkovic, Samuel, Bradfield, Jonathan, Buono, Russell, Catarino, Claudia B., Cossette, Patrick, De Jonghe, Peter, Depondt, Chantal, Dlugos, Denni, Ferraro, Thomas N., French, Jacqueline, Hjalgrim, Helle, Jamnadas-Khoda, Jennifer, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kunz, Wolfram S., Lerche, Holger, Leu, Costin, Lindhout, Dick, Lo, Warren, Lowenstein, Daniel, McCormack, Mark, Møller, Rikke S., Molloy, Anne, Ng, Ping-Wing, Oliver, Karen, Privitera, Michael, Radtke, Rodney, Ruppert, Ann-Kathrin, Sander, Thoma, Schachter, Steven, Schankin, Christoph, Scheffer, Ingrid, Schoch, Susanne, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smith, Philip, Sperling, Michael, Striano, Pasquale, Surges, Rainer, Neil Thomas, G., Visscher, Frank, Whelan, Christopher D., Zara, Federico, Heinzen, Erin L., Marson, Anthony, Becker, Felicita, Stroink, Han, Zimprich, Fritz, Gasser, Thoma, Gibbs, Raphael, Heutink, Peter, Martinez, Maria, Morris, Huw R., Sharma, Manu, Ryten, Mina, Mok, Kin Y., Pulit, Sara, Bevan, Steve, Holliday, Elizabeth, Attia, John, Battey, Thoma, Boncoraglio, Giorgio, Thijs, Vincent, Chen, Wei-Min, Mitchell, Braxton, Rothwell, Peter, Sharma, Pankaj, Sudlow, Cathie, Vicente, Astrid, Markus, Hugh, Kourkoulis, Christina, Pera, Joana, Raffeld, Miriam, Silliman, Scott, Perica, Vesna Boraska, Thornton, Laura M., Huckins, Laura M., William Rayner, N., Lewis, Cathryn M., Gratacos, Monica, Rybakowski, Filip, Keski-Rahkonen, Anna, Raevuori, Anu, Hudson, James I., Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted, Monteleone, Palmiero, Karwautz, Andrea, Mannik, Katrin, Baker, Jessica H., O'Toole, Julie K., Trace, Sara E., Davis, Oliver S. P., Helder, Sietske G., Ehrlich, Stefan, Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate, Danner, Unna N., Van Elburg, Annemarie A., Clementi, Maurizio, Forzan, Monica, Docampo, Elisa, Lissowska, Jolanta, Hauser, Joanna, Tortorella, Alfonso, Maj, Mario, Gonidakis, Fragisko, Tziouvas, Konstantino, Papezova, Hana, Yilmaz, Zeynep, Wagner, Gudrun, Cohen-Woods, Sarah, Herms, Stefan, Julia, Antonio, Rabionet, Raquel, Dick, Danielle M., Ripatti, Samuli, Andreassen, Ole A., Espeseth, Thoma, Lundervold, Astri J., Steen, Vidar M., Pinto, Dalila, Scherer, Stephen W., Aschauer, Harald, Schosser, Alexandra, Alfredsson, Lar, Padyukov, Leonid, Halmi, Katherine A., Mitchell, Jame, Strober, Michael, Bergen, Andrew W., Kaye, Walter, Szatkiewicz, Jin Peng, Cormand, Bru, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Sánchez-Mora, Cristina, Ribasés, Marta, Casas, Miguel, Hervas, Amaia, Arranz, Maria Jesú, Haavik, Jan, Zayats, Tetyana, Johansson, Stefan, Williams, Nigel, Dempfle, Astrid, Rothenberger, Aribert, Kuntsi, Jonna, Oades, Robert D., Banaschewski, Tobia, Franke, Barbara, Buitelaar, Jan K., Vasquez, Alejandro Aria, Doyle, Alysa E., Reif, Andrea, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Freitag, Christine, Rivero, Olga, Palmason, Haukur, Romanos, Marcel, Langley, Kate, Rietschel, Marcella, Witt, Stephanie H., Dalsgaard, Soeren, Børglum, Anders D., Waldman, Irwin, Wilmot, Beth, Molly, Nikola, Bau, Claiton H.D., Crosbie, Jennifer, Schachar, Russell, Loo, Sandra K., McGough, James J., Grevet, Eugenio H., Medland, Sarah E., Robinson, Elise, Weiss, Lauren A., Bacchelli, Elena, Bailey, Anthony, Bal, Vanessa, Battaglia, Agatino, Betancur, Catalina, Bolton, Patrick, Cantor, Rita, Celestino-Soper, Patrícia, Dawson, Geraldine, De Rubeis, Silvia, Duque, Frederico, Green, Andrew, Klauck, Sabine M., Leboyer, Marion, Levitt, Pat, Maestrini, Elena, Mane, Shrikant, Moreno-De-Luca, Daniel, Parr, Jeremy, Regan, Regina, Reichenberg, Abraham, Sandin, Sven, Vorstman, Jacob, Wassink, Thoma, Wijsman, Ellen, Cook, Edwin, Santangelo, Susan, Delorme, Richard, Roge, Bernadette, Magalhaes, Tiago, Arking, Dan, Schulze, Thomas G., Thompson, Robert C., Strohmaier, Jana, Matthews, Keith, Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek, Blackwood, Dougla, McIntosh, Andrew, Bergen, Sarah E., Schalling, Martin, Jamain, Stéphane, Maaser, Anna, Fischer, Sascha B., Reinbold, Céline S., Fullerton, Janice M., Guzman-Parra, José, Mayoral, Fermin, Schofield, Peter R., Cichon, Sven, Mühleisen, Thomas W., Degenhardt, Franziska, Schumacher, Johanne, Bauer, Michael, Mitchell, Philip B., Gershon, Elliot S., Rice, John, Potash, James B., Zandi, Peter P., Craddock, Nick, Nicol Ferrier, I., Alda, Martin, Rouleau, Guy A., Turecki, Gustavo, Ophoff, Roel, Pato, Carlo, Anjorin, Adebayo, Stahl, Eli, Leber, Marku, Czerski, Piotr M., Cruceanu, Cristiana, Jones, Ian R., Posthuma, Danielle, Andlauer, Till F.M., Forstner, Andreas J., Streit, Fabian, Baune, Bernhard T., Air, Tracy, Sinnamon, Grant, Wray, Naomi R., MacIntyre, Donald J., Porteous, David, Homuth, Georg, Rivera, Margarita, Grove, Jakob, Middeldorp, Christel M., Hickie, Ian, Pergadia, Michele, Mehta, Divya, Smit, Johannes H., Jansen, Rick, De Geus, Eco, Dunn, Erin, Li, Qingqin S., Nauck, Matthia, Schoevers, Robert A., Beekman, Aartjan TF, Knowles, James A., Viktorin, Alexander, Arnold, Paul, Barr, Cathy L., Bedoya-Berrio, Gabriel, Joseph Bienvenu, O., Brentani, Helena, Burton, Christie, Camarena, Beatriz, Cappi, Carolina, Cath, Danielle, Cavallini, Maria, Cusi, Daniele, Darrow, Sabrina, Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M., Dietrich, Andrea, Fernandez, Thoma, Figee, Martijn, Freimer, Nelson, Gerber, Gloria, Grados, Marco, Greenberg, Erica, Hanna, Gregory L., Hartmann, Andrea, Hirschtritt, Matthew E., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Huang, Alden, Huyser, Chaim, Illmann, Cornelia, Jenike, Michael, Kuperman, Samuel, Leventhal, Bennett, Lochner, Christine, Lyon, Gholson J., Macciardi, Fabio, Madruga-Garrido, Marco, Malaty, Irene A., Maras, Athanasio, McGrath, Lauren, Miguel, Eurípedes C., Mir, Pablo, Nestadt, Gerald, Nicolini, Humberto, Okun, Michael S., Pakstis, Andrew, Paschou, Peristera, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Plessen, Kerstin, Ramensky, Vasily, Ramos, Eliana M., Reus, Victor, Richter, Margaret A., Riddle, Mark A., Robertson, Mary M., Roessner, Veit, Rosário, Maria, Samuels, Jack F., Sandor, Paul, Stein, Dan J., Tsetsos, Foti, Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip, Weatherall, Sarah, Wendland, Jens R., Wolanczyk, Tomasz, Worbe, Yulia, Zai, Gwyneth, Goes, Fernando S., McLaughlin, Nicole, Nestadt, Paul S., Grabe, Hans-Jorgen, Depienne, Christel, Konkashbaev, Anuar, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Valencia-Duarte, Ana, Bramon, Elvira, Buccola, Nancy, Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray, Chong, Siow A., Cohen, David, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crowley, Jame, Davidson, Michael, DeLisi, Lynn, Dinan, Timothy, Donohoe, Gary, Drapeau, Elodie, Duan, Jubao, Haan, Lieuwe, Hougaard, David, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Khrunin, Andrey, Klovins, Jani, Kučinskas, Vaiduti, Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee, Limborska, Svetlana, Loughland, Carmel, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Maher, Brion, Mattheisen, Manuel, McDonald, Colm, Murphy, Kieran C., Nenadic, Igor, Van Os, Jim, Pantelis, Christo, Pato, Michele, Petryshen, Tracey, Quested, Digby, Roussos, Pano, Sanders, Alan R., Schall, Ulrich, Schwab, Sibylle G., Sim, Kang, So, Hon-Cheong, Stögmann, Elisabeth, Subramaniam, Mythily, Toncheva, Draga, Waddington, John, Walters, Jame, Weiser, Mark, Cheng, Wei, Cloninger, Robert, Curtis, David, Gejman, Pablo V., Henskens, Fran, Mattingsdal, Morten, Oh, Sang-Yun, Scott, Rodney, Webb, Bradley, Breen, Gerome, Churchhouse, Claire, Bulik, Cynthia M., Daly, Mark, Dichgans, Martin, Faraone, Stephen V., Guerreiro, Rita, Holmans, Peter, Kendler, Kenneth S., Koeleman, Bobby, Mathews, Carol A., Price, Alke, Scharf, Jeremiah, Sklar, Pamela, Williams, Julie, Wood, Nicholas W., Cotsapas, Chri, Palotie, Aarno, Smoller, Jordan W., Sullivan, Patrick, Rosand, Jonathan, Corvin, Aiden, Neale, Benjamin M., Epidemiology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Anttila, V, Bulik-Sullivan, B, Finucane, H, Walters, R, Bras, J, Duncan, L, Escott-Price, V, Falcone, G, Gormley, P, Malik, R, Patsopoulos, N, Ripke, S, Wei, Z, Yu, D, Lee, P, Turley, P, Grenier-Boley, B, Chouraki, V, Kamatani, Y, Berr, C, Letenneur, L, Hannequin, D, Amouyel, P, Boland, A, Deleuze, J, Duron, E, Vardarajan, B, Reitz, C, Goate, A, Huentelman, M, Ilyas Kamboh, M, Larson, E, Rogaeva, E, George-Hyslop, P, Hakonarson, H, Kukull, W, Farrer, L, Barnes, L, Beach, T, Yesim Demirci, F, Head, E, Hulette, C, Jicha, G, Kauwe, J, Kaye, J, Leverenz, J, Levey, A, Lieberman, A, Pankratz, V, Poon, W, Quinn, J, Saykin, A, Schneider, L, Smith, A, Sonnen, J, Stern, R, Van Deerlin, V, Van Eldik, L, Harold, D, Russo, G, Rubinsztein, D, Bayer, A, Tsolaki, M, Proitsi, P, Fox, N, Hampel, H, Owen, M, Mead, S, Passmore, P, Morgan, K, Nöthen, M, Rossor, M, Lupton, M, Hoffmann, P, Kornhuber, J, Lawlor, B, Mcquillin, A, Al-Chalabi, A, Bis, J, Ruiz, A, Boada, M, Seshadri, S, Beiser, A, Rice, K, Van Der Lee, S, De 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J, Tortorella, A, Maj, M, Gonidakis, F, Tziouvas, K, Papezova, H, Yilmaz, Z, Wagner, G, Cohen-Woods, S, Herms, S, Julia, A, Rabionet, R, Dick, D, Ripatti, S, Andreassen, O, Espeseth, T, Lundervold, A, Steen, V, Pinto, D, Scherer, S, Aschauer, H, Schosser, A, Alfredsson, L, Padyukov, L, Halmi, K, Mitchell, J, Strober, M, Bergen, A, Kaye, W, Szatkiewicz, J, Cormand, B, Ramos-Quiroga, J, Sánchez-Mora, C, Ribasés, M, Casas, M, Hervas, A, Arranz, M, Haavik, J, Zayats, T, Johansson, S, Williams, N, Dempfle, A, Rothenberger, A, Kuntsi, J, Oades, R, Banaschewski, T, Franke, B, Buitelaar, J, Vasquez, A, Doyle, A, Reif, A, Lesch, K, Freitag, C, Rivero, O, Palmason, H, Romanos, M, Langley, K, Rietschel, M, Witt, S, Dalsgaard, S, Børglum, A, Waldman, I, Wilmot, B, Molly, N, Bau, C, Crosbie, J, Schachar, R, Loo, S, Mcgough, J, Grevet, E, Medland, S, Robinson, E, Weiss, L, Bacchelli, E, Bailey, A, Bal, V, Battaglia, A, Betancur, C, Bolton, P, Cantor, R, Celestino-Soper, P, Dawson, G, De Rubeis, S, Duque, F, Green, A, Klauck, S, Leboyer, M, Levitt, P, Maestrini, E, Mane, S, Moreno-De-Luca, D, Parr, J, Regan, R, Reichenberg, A, Sandin, S, Vorstman, J, Wassink, T, Wijsman, E, Cook, E, Santangelo, S, Delorme, R, Roge, B, Magalhaes, T, Arking, D, Schulze, T, Thompson, R, Strohmaier, J, Matthews, K, Melle, I, Morris, D, Blackwood, D, Mcintosh, A, Bergen, S, Schalling, M, Jamain, S, Maaser, A, Fischer, S, Reinbold, C, Fullerton, J, Guzman-Parra, J, Mayoral, F, Schofield, P, Cichon, S, Mühleisen, T, Degenhardt, F, Schumacher, J, Bauer, M, Mitchell, P, Gershon, E, Rice, J, Potash, J, Zandi, P, Craddock, N, Nicol Ferrier, I, Alda, M, Rouleau, G, Turecki, G, Ophoff, R, Pato, C, Anjorin, A, Stahl, E, Leber, M, Czerski, P, Cruceanu, C, Jones, I, Posthuma, D, Andlauer, T, Forstner, A, Streit, F, Baune, B, Air, T, Sinnamon, G, Wray, N, Macintyre, D, Porteous, D, Homuth, G, Rivera, M, Grove, J, Middeldorp, C, Hickie, I, Pergadia, M, Mehta, D, Smit, J, Jansen, R, De Geus, E, Dunn, E, Li, Q, Nauck, M, Schoevers, R, Beekman, A, Knowles, J, Viktorin, A, Arnold, P, Barr, C, Bedoya-Berrio, G, Joseph Bienvenu, O, Brentani, H, Burton, C, Camarena, B, Cappi, C, Cath, D, Cavallini, M, Cusi, D, Darrow, S, Denys, D, Derks, E, Dietrich, A, Fernandez, T, Figee, M, Freimer, N, Gerber, G, Grados, M, Greenberg, E, Hanna, G, Hartmann, A, Hirschtritt, M, Hoekstra, P, Huang, A, Huyser, C, Illmann, C, Jenike, M, Kuperman, S, Leventhal, B, Lochner, C, Lyon, G, Macciardi, F, Madruga-Garrido, M, Malaty, I, Maras, A, Mcgrath, L, Miguel, E, Mir, P, Nestadt, G, Nicolini, H, Okun, M, Pakstis, A, Paschou, P, Piacentini, J, Pittenger, C, Plessen, K, Ramensky, V, Ramos, E, Reus, V, Richter, M, Riddle, M, Robertson, M, Roessner, V, Rosário, M, Samuels, J, Sandor, P, Stein, D, Tsetsos, F, Van Nieuwerburgh, F, Weatherall, S, Wendland, J, Wolanczyk, T, Worbe, Y, Zai, G, Goes, F, Mclaughlin, N, Nestadt, P, Grabe, H, Depienne, C, Konkashbaev, A, Lanzagorta, N, Valencia-Duarte, A, Bramon, E, Buccola, N, Cahn, W, Cairns, M, Chong, S, Cohen, D, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crowley, J, Davidson, M, Delisi, L, Dinan, T, Donohoe, G, Drapeau, E, Duan, J, Haan, L, Hougaard, D, Karachanak-Yankova, S, Khrunin, A, Klovins, J, Kučinskas, V, Keong, J, Limborska, S, Loughland, C, Lönnqvist, J, Maher, B, Mattheisen, M, Mcdonald, C, Murphy, K, Nenadic, I, Van Os, J, Pantelis, C, Pato, M, Petryshen, T, Quested, D, Roussos, P, Sanders, A, Schall, U, Schwab, S, Sim, K, So, H, Stögmann, E, Subramaniam, M, Toncheva, D, Waddington, J, Walters, J, Weiser, M, Cheng, W, Cloninger, R, Curtis, D, Gejman, P, Henskens, F, Mattingsdal, M, Oh, S, Scott, R, Webb, B, Breen, G, Churchhouse, C, Bulik, C, Daly, M, Dichgans, M, Faraone, S, Guerreiro, R, Holmans, P, Kendler, K, Koeleman, B, Mathews, C, Price, A, Scharf, J, Sklar, P, Williams, J, Wood, N, Cotsapas, C, Palotie, A, Smoller, J, Sullivan, P, Rosand, J, Corvin, A, Neale, B, Kauwe, John S. K., Mcquillin, Andrew, Adams, Hieab H. H., Mccormack, Mark, Bau, Claiton H. D., Mcgough, James J., Mcintosh, Andrew, Andlauer, Till F. M., Macintyre, Donald J., Mcgrath, Lauren, Mclaughlin, Nicole, Delisi, Lynn, Mcdonald, Colm, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement (Inserm U1167 - RID-AGE - Institut Pasteur), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of South Florida (USF), University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Alzheimer Precision Medicine GRC n°21 (APM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Cardiff University-Medical Research Council, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Johannes Kepler University Linz [linz] (JKU), Washington University in St Louis, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Hôpital Erasme (Bruxelles), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Jagiellonian University [Krakow] (UJ), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), Charles University [Prague], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bergen (UIB), University Medicine Goettingen, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, UNSW Medicine [Sydney], McGill University, Universidad de Antioquia, University of Florida [Gainesville], Universiteit Gent [Ghent], Service Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], University of Wollongong, Alzheimer Precision Medicine [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre] (GRC 21 APM), Anttila, Verneri [0000-0002-0073-4675], Finucane, Hilary K [0000-0003-3864-9828], Walters, Raymond K [0000-0001-8422-6530], Duncan, Laramie [0000-0003-1131-661X], Escott-Price, Valentina [0000-0003-1784-5483], Falcone, Guido J [0000-0002-6407-0302], Gormley, Padhraig [0000-0002-8908-6968], Malik, Rainer [0000-0001-9212-2520], Ripke, Stephan [0000-0003-3622-835X], Wei, Zhi [0000-0001-6059-4267], Yu, Dongmei [0000-0001-7901-4365], Lee, Phil H [0000-0003-1770-3100], Breen, Gerome [0000-0003-2053-1792], Bulik, Cynthia M [0000-0001-7772-3264], Daly, Mark [0000-0002-0949-8752], Dichgans, Martin [0000-0002-0654-387X], Faraone, Stephen V [0000-0002-9217-3982], Holmans, Peter [0000-0003-0870-9412], Koeleman, Bobby [0000-0001-7749-182X], Mathews, Carol A [0000-0003-2208-7058], Sklar, Pamela [0000-0001-9715-4943], Williams, Julie [0000-0002-4069-0259], Wood, Nicholas W [0000-0002-9500-3348], Cotsapas, Chris [0000-0002-7772-5910], Smoller, Jordan W [0000-0002-0381-6334], Sullivan, Patrick [0000-0002-6619-873X], Rosand, Jonathan [0000-0002-1014-9138], Corvin, Aiden [0000-0001-6717-4089], Neale, Benjamin M [0000-0003-1513-6077], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Etiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,MESH: Brain Diseases ,body-mass index ,genetics [Mental Disorders] ,Disorders of the Brain ,Risks factors ,classification [Mental Disorders] ,MESH: Quantitative Trait, Heritable ,MESH: Risk Factors ,Risk Factors ,MESH: Genetic Variation ,alzheimers-disease ,610 Medicine & health ,bipolar disorder ,Brain Diseases ,deficit hyperactivity disorder ,Multidisciplinary ,Mental Disorders ,genetics [Brain Diseases] ,Brain Disease ,Brain ,Genetic Variation ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,Phenotype ,Quantitative Trait, Heritable ,Psychiatric Disorders ,anorexia-nervosa ,Mental Disorder ,Psychiatric Genomics ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,long-term survival ,Engineering sciences. Technology ,Human ,General Science & Technology ,population-based twin ,diagnosis [Mental Disorders] ,MESH: Phenotype ,Neurological Disorders ,Quantitative Trait ,MD Multidisciplinary ,MESH: Mental Disorders ,diagnosis [Brain Diseases] ,Heritable ,genetic correlations ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,MESH: Humans ,major depressive disorder ,Risk Factor ,Brain Diseases/classification ,Brain Diseases/diagnosis ,Brain Diseases/genetics ,Mental Disorders/classification ,Mental Disorders/diagnosis ,Mental Disorders/genetics ,classification [Brain Diseases] ,Perturbações do Desenvolvimento Infantil e Saúde Mental ,ddc:320 ,MESH: Genome-Wide Association Study ,genome-wide association ,Brainstorm Consortium ,Genetic Factors ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology - Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain disorders may exhibit shared symptoms and substantial epidemiological comorbidity, inciting debate about their etiologic overlap. However, detailed study of phenotypes with different ages of onset, severity, and presentation poses a considerable challenge. Recently developed heritability methods allow us to accurately measure correlation of genome-wide common variant risk between two phenotypes from pools of different individuals and assess how connected they, or at least their genetic risks, are on the genomic level. We used genome-wide association data for 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants, as well as 17 phenotypes from a total of 1,191,588 individuals, to quantify the degree of overlap for genetic risk factors of 25 common brain disorders. RATIONALE Over the past century, the classification of brain disorders has evolved to reflect the medical and scientific communities’ assessments of the presumed root causes of clinical phenomena such as behavioral change, loss of motor function, or alterations of consciousness. Directly observable phenomena (such as the presence of emboli, protein tangles, or unusual electrical activity patterns) generally define and separate neurological disorders from psychiatric disorders. Understanding the genetic underpinnings and categorical distinctions for brain disorders and related phenotypes may inform the search for their biological mechanisms. RESULTS Common variant risk for psychiatric disorders was shown to correlate significantly, especially among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia. By contrast, neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders, except for migraine, which was significantly correlated to ADHD, MDD, and Tourette syndrome. We demonstrate that, in the general population, the personality trait neuroticism is significantly correlated with almost every psychiatric disorder and migraine. We also identify significant genetic sharing between disorders and early life cognitive measures (e.g., years of education and college attainment) in the general population, demonstrating positive correlation with several psychiatric disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bipolar disorder) and negative correlation with several neurological phenotypes (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease and ischemic stroke), even though the latter are considered to result from specific processes that occur later in life. Extensive simulations were also performed to inform how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity influence genetic correlations. CONCLUSION The high degree of genetic correlation among many of the psychiatric disorders adds further evidence that their current clinical boundaries do not reflect distinct underlying pathogenic processes, at least on the genetic level. This suggests a deeply interconnected nature for psychiatric disorders, in contrast to neurological disorders, and underscores the need to refine psychiatric diagnostics. Genetically informed analyses may provide important “scaffolding” to support such restructuring of psychiatric nosology, which likely requires incorporating many levels of information. By contrast, we find limited evidence for widespread common genetic risk sharing among neurological disorders or across neurological and psychiatric disorders. We show that both psychiatric and neurological disorders have robust correlations with cognitive and personality measures. Further study is needed to evaluate whether overlapping genetic contributions to psychiatric pathology may influence treatment choices. Ultimately, such developments may pave the way toward reduced heterogeneity and improved diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders.
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- 2018
238. A recessive form of hyper-IgE syndrome by disruption of ZNF341-dependent STAT3 transcription and activity
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Warren J. Leonard, Nima Rezaei, Kathryn Payne, Isabelle Meyts, Laurent Abel, Cindy S. Ma, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Janet Chou, Alain Hovnanian, Jian-Xin Lin, Simon J. Pelham, Danielle T. Avery, Matthieu Bouaziz, Bethany Pillay, Tanwir Habib, Anne Puel, Sevgi Keles, Juan Li, Isabelle Pellier, Jamel El-Benna, Bernhard Fleckenstein, Ahmet Ozen, Vivien Béziat, Ingrid Müller-Fleckenstein, Damien Chaussabel, Samaneh Zoghi, Yi Wang, Paul Gray, Matthias Titeux, Yoann Zerbib, Talal A. Chatila, Marie-Alexandra Alyanakian, Capucine Picard, Orli Wargon, Ayper Somer, Marie-Olivia Chandesris, Thibaut Leclercq, Ibtihal Benhsaien, Aziz Belkadi, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Romain Lévy, Peng Li, Geetha Rao, Ai Ing Lim, James P. Di Santo, Nico Marr, Sylvie Fraitag, Frédégonde About, Elissa K. Deenick, Bertrand Boisson, Jacinta Bustamante, Mélanie Migaud, Bodo Grimbacher, Aziz Bousfiha, Fatima Ailal, Safa Baris, Antoine Guérin, Stuart G. Tangye, Romain Guery, Ning Du, Vimel Rattina, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Rockefeller University [New York], National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Garvan Institute of Medical Research [Darlinghurst, Australia], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), CHU Ibn Rochd [Casablanca], Université Hassan II [Casablanca] (UH2MC), Service d'Immuno-Hémato-Oncologie Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Shahid Beheshti University, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Marmara University [Kadıköy - İstanbul], Necmettin Erbakan University [Konya, Turquie], Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Boston Children's Hospital, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Sidra Medicine, Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Freiburg University Medical Center, Sydney children's hospital, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Genetic skin diseases : from disease mechanism to therapies (Equipe Inserm U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de pathologie [CHU Necker], Service d'immuno-hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Necker], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Centre d'étude des Déficits Immunitaires, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Istanbul University, Research Center for Immunodeficiencies [Tehran, Iran], Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York], New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-Rockefeller University [New York]-Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), This work was supported by grants from INSERM, Paris Descartes University, Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Jeffrey Modell Foundation Translational Research Program, the French National Research Agency (ANR, grant nos. GENCMCD-ANR-11-BSV3–005-01, HGDIFD-ANR-14-CE15-0006-01, NKIR-ANR-13-PDOC-0025-01, and EURO-CMC-ANR-14-RARE-0005-02), and grants awarded under the 'Investissement d’avenir' program (grant no. ANR-10-IAHU-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH (grant nos. U01AI109697 and R01AI127564), the Rockefeller University, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the St. Giles Foundation, the Institut Pasteur, and FP7, under grant agreements 305578 (PathCO) and 317057 (HOMIN). We thank the Centre de Recherche Translationnelle (Institut Pasteur) for technical assistance. V.B. is supported by the ANR (grant no. NKIR-ANR-13-PDOC-0025-01). R.L. is supported by the INSERM Ph.D. program (Poste d’Accueil INSERM), a Fulbright grant (Franco-American commission), and a Philippe Foundation scholarship. Y.Z. received the 'médaille d’or du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d’Amiens.' Y.W. is supported by the French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS, grant no. 13318). F. About holds a fellowship from Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM, grant no. FDM20140630671). A.G. is supported by an IFNGPHOX grant (no. ANR13-ISV3-0001-01) from ANR. B.G. was funded by BMBF (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research) grants 01E01303 and 01ZX1306F. I.M. is supported by a klinische onderzoeks-en opleidingsraad (clinical research council) grant from UZ Leuven, a klinisch onderzoeksfonds (clinical research fund) grant from KU Leuven, and an International Mobility Grant from Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (fund for scientific research) Vlaanderen. C.S.M., E.K.D., and S.G.T. are supported by grants and fellowships from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. C.S.M., P.G., E.K.D., and S.G.T. are members of CIRCA (Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia), which is funded by the Office of Health and Medical Research of the NSW Government, the Jeffrey Modell Foundation, and the John Cook Brown Foundation. A.I.L. is a scholar of the Pasteur-Paris University International Ph.D. program and is supported by a Ph.D. International Training Network grant from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program under grant agreement no. 317057 (HOMIN). T.A.C. was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH (5R01AI065617). S.K. was supported by a grant from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (1059B191300622). J.-X.L., P.L., N.D., and W.J.L. were supported by the Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH. A.P. was supported by an AP-HP interface contract., We thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. We thank J. E. Darnell and C. Mertens for advice and for providing reagents. We thank the members of the laboratory, especially F. Jabot-Hanin and V. Pedergnana, for their valuable input on linkage analysis, L. Amar, Y. Nemirovskaya, D. Papandrea, E. Anderson, M. Woollett, C. Desvallées, C. Patissier, and M. Corrias for administrative assistance, E. Jouanguy and Y. Itan for helpful discussions, S. Boucherit for clinical data collection, S. Jacques and the Cochin genomics platform for microarray experiments, and N. Goudin and R. Desveaux of the Necker Institute Imaging Facility., Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Garvan Institute of medical research, Immunité Innée - Innate Immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitäts Klinikum Freiburg = University Medical Center Freiburg (Uniklinik), Sydney Children's hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Howard Hughes Medical Institute [New York] (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-New York University School of Medicine, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Beziat, Vivien, Li, Juan, Lin, Jian-Xin, Ma, Cindy S., Li, Peng, Bousfiha, Aziz, Pellier, Isabelle, Zoghi, Samaneh, Baris, Safa, Keles, Sevgi, Gray, Paul, Du, Ning, Wang, Yi, Zerbib, Yoann, Levy, Romain, Leclercq, Thibaut, About, Fredegonde, Lim, Ai Ing, Rao, Geetha, Payne, Kathryn, Pelham, Simon J., Avery, Danielle T., Deenick, Elissa K., Pillay, Bethany, Chou, Janet, Guery, Romain, Belkadi, Aziz, Guerin, Antoine, Migaud, Melanie, Rattina, Vimel, Ailal, Fatima, Benhsaien, Ibtihal, Bouaziz, Matthieu, Habib, Tanwir, Chaussabel, Damien, Marr, Nico, El-Benna, Jamel, Grimbacher, Bodo, Wargon, Orli, Bustamante, Jacinta, Boisson, Bertrand, Mueller-Fleckenstein, Ingrid, Fleckenstein, Bernhard, Chandesris, Marie-Olivia, Titeux, Matthias, Fraitag, Sylvie, Alyanakian, Marie-Alexandra, Leruez-Ville, Marianne, Picard, Capucine, Meyts, Isabelle, Di Santo, James P., Hovnanian, Alain, Somer, Ayper, Ozen, Ahmet, Rezaei, Nima, Chatila, Talal A., Abel, Laurent, Leonard, Warren J., Tangye, Stuart G., Puel, Anne, and Casanova, Jean-Laurent
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0301 basic medicine ,INBORN-ERRORS ,Immunoglobulin E ,MESH: STAT3 Transcription Factor/immunology ,Loss of heterozygosity ,PRECISION MEDICINE ,Transcription (biology) ,OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS ,STAT3 ,MESH: Transcription Factors/metabolism ,CELL-DIFFERENTIATION ,MESH: Th2 Cells/metabolism ,MESH: Immunoglobulin E/immunology ,MESH: Middle Aged ,MESH: Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ,Cell Differentiation ,General Medicine ,MESH: RNA, Messenger/metabolism ,MESH: Immunoglobulin E/blood ,MESH: Zinc Fingers/genetics ,READ ALIGNMENT ,MESH: Transcription, Genetic/immunology ,MESH: Cell Nucleus/metabolism ,MESH: Young Adult ,[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology ,SIGNAL TRANSDUCER ,Job Syndrome ,MESH: Homozygote ,STAT3 Transcription Factor ,Cell type ,MESH: Lymphocyte Count ,MESH: Pedigree ,MESH: STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics ,Immunology ,Biology ,Article ,MESH: Job Syndrome/immunology ,MESH: Genes, Recessive/genetics ,DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ,MESH: Genes, Recessive/immunology ,MESH: Job Syndrome/blood ,MESH: Transcription Factors/genetics ,03 medical and health sciences ,MESH: Whole Exome Sequencing ,MESH: Exons/genetics ,Humans ,Transcription factor ,Gene ,MESH: Adolescent ,MESH: Consanguinity ,MESH: Humans ,CLINICAL-FEATURES ,MESH: Th17 Cells/metabolism ,MESH: Th17 Cells/immunology ,MESH: Cytokines/immunology ,MESH: Adult ,MESH: Loss of Function Mutation ,MESH: Job Syndrome/genetics ,MESH: Cell Differentiation/genetics ,Molecular biology ,MESH: Male ,MESH: Th2 Cells/immunology ,IL-21 RECEPTOR ,030104 developmental biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,MESH: STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ,MESH: Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ,MESH: Cell Differentiation/immunology ,T-CELLS ,STAT protein ,biology.protein ,Th17 Cells ,MESH: Transcription Factors/immunology ,MESH: Cytokines/metabolism ,MESH: Female - Abstract
Comment in :Who regulates whom: ZNF341 is an additional player in the STAT3/TH17 song. [Sci Immunol. 2018]; International audience; Heterozygosity for human signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) dominant-negative (DN) mutations underlies an autosomal dominant form of hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES). We describe patients with an autosomal recessive form of HIES due to loss-of-function mutations of a previously uncharacterized gene, ZNF341 ZNF341 is a transcription factor that resides in the nucleus, where it binds a specific DNA motif present in various genes, including the STAT3 promoter. The patients' cells have low basal levels of STAT3 mRNA and protein. The autoinduction of STAT3 production, activation, and function by STAT3-activating cytokines is strongly impaired. Like patients with STAT3 DN mutations, ZNF341-deficient patients lack T helper 17 (TH17) cells, have an excess of TH2 cells, and have low memory B cells due to the tight dependence of STAT3 activity on ZNF341 in lymphocytes. Their milder extra-hematopoietic manifestations and stronger inflammatory responses reflect the lower ZNF341 dependence of STAT3 activity in other cell types. Human ZNF341 is essential for the STAT3 transcription-dependent autoinduction and sustained activity of STAT3.
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239. Platform Migrator
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Contractor, Munir, Pradal, Christophe, Shasha, Dennis, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), New York University, Zenith, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)
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[INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE] - Abstract
Currently, one of the major problems in software development and maintenance, specially in academia, is managing packages across time and systems. An application developed under a particular package manager using a certain set of packages does not always work reliably when ported to a different system or when abandoned for a period of time and picked up again with newer versions of the packages. In this report, we provide and describe Platform Migrator, a software that makes it easy to test applications across systems by identifying various packages in the base system, figuring out their corresponding equivalents in the new system and testing whether the software works as expected on the new system. Platform migrator can migrate software written and set up inside a conda environment to any Linux based system with conda or some other package manager. The philosophy of platform migrator is to identify a closure of the required dependencies for the software being migrated using the conda environment metadata and then use that closure to install the various dependencies on the target system. This documentation provides comprehensive details on how to use platform migrator and what it does internally to migrate software from one system to another. It also contains tutorials and case studies that can be replicated for better understanding of the process.
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- 2018
240. Dusk Over Dawn O$_2$ Asymmetry in Europa's Near-Surface Atmosphere
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Ludivine Leclercq, Robert E. Johnson, Carl Schmidt, Jean-Yves Chaufray, Apurva Oza, Timothy A. Cassidy, François Leblanc, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Engineering Physics Program [Charlottesville], University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Department of Physics [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Center for Space Physics [Boston] (CSP), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), and University of Colorado [Boulder]
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,FOS: Physical sciences ,O2 ,Astrophysics ,Noon ,Rotation ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Asymmetry ,Physics::Geophysics ,Atmosphere ,Jupiter ,Aurorae ,0103 physical sciences ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) ,Physics ,Exospheres ,[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Orbital period ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Local time ,Physics::Space Physics ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Exosphere ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
The evolution of Europa's water-product exosphere over its 85-hour day, based on current models, has not been shown to exhibit any diurnal asymmetries. Here we simulate Europa's exosphere using a 3-D Monte Carlo routine including, for the first time, the role of Europa's rotation on the evolution of exospheric molecules throughout the orbit. We focus on O$_2$, sputtered by a trailing hemisphere source with a temperature-dependence under isotropic plasma conditions. We find that the O$_2$ component, while global, is not homogenous in Europa local time. Rather, the O$_2$ accumulates at the dusk hemisphere. When rotation is explicitly excluded, no diurnal asymmetries exist. We find that the assumed thermal-dependence on the O$_2$ source is critical for a diurnal asymmetry: the diurnal surface temperature profile is imprinted on to the near-surface O$_2$ atmosphere, due to the small hop times of the non-adsorbing O$_2$ effectively rotating with Europa. Altogether, our simulations conclude that the dusk-over-dawn asymmetry is driven by Europa's day-night O$_2$ cycle synchronized with Europa's orbital period based on our model assumptions on O$_2$ production and loss. This conclusion is in agreement with the recent understanding that a non-adsorbing, rotating O$_2$ source peaking at noon will naturally accumulate from dawn-to-dusk, should the O$_2$ lifetime be sufficiently long compared to the orbital period. Lastly we compare hemispherically-averaged dusk-over-dawn ratios to the recently observed oxygen emission data by the Hubble Space Telescope. We find that while the simulations are globally consistent with brighter oxygen emission at dusk than at dawn, the orbital evolution of the asymmetries in our simulations can be improved by ameliorating the O$_2$ source & loss rates, and possibly adsorption onto the regolith., 15 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to PSS
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241. Cross-species configural perception of binary odor mixtures
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Coureaud, Gérard, Fleming, Gloria, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Wilson, Donald A., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Pyschiatric Research, Partenaires INRAE, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), New York University, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2018
242. Development of Concurrent Retinotopic Maps in the Fly Motion Detection Circuit
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Filipe Pinto-Teixeira, Nathalie Neriec, Claude Desplan, Clara Koo, Claire Bertet, Anthony M. Rossi, Alberto Del-Valle-Rodriguez, Xin Li, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, New York University, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering [Beijing], and Beihang University
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0301 basic medicine ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Models, Neurological ,Motion Perception ,[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,Visual system ,Biology ,Retina ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,NEUROBLAST LINEAGES ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ommatidium ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Visual Pathways ,Motion perception ,ASYMMETRIC SEGREGATION ,[SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Neurons ,Receptors, Notch ,DAUGHTER CELL ,Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian ,Neurogenesis ,Motion detection ,[SDV.BDD.MOR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Morphogenesis ,NERVOUS-SYSTEM ,OPTIC LOBE ,NOTCH ,SELF-RENEWAL ,NEURONAL CELL FATE ,030104 developmental biology ,DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER ,Retinotopy ,PROSPERO ,Drosophila ,Neuroscience ,Neural development ,Locomotion ,Cardinal direction - Abstract
International audience; Understanding how complex brain wiring is produced during development is a daunting challenge. In Drosophila, information from 800 retinal ommatidia is processed in distinct brain neuropiles, each subdivided into 800 matching retinotopic columns. The lobula plate comprises four T4 and four T5 neuronal subtypes. T4 neurons respond to bright edge motion, whereas T5 neurons respond to dark edge motion. Each is tuned to motion in one of the four cardinal directions, effectively establishing eight concurrent retinotopic maps to support wide-field motion. We discovered a mode of neurogenesis where two sequential Notch-dependent divisions of either a horizontal or a vertical progenitor produce matching sets of two T4 and two T5 neurons retinotopically coincident with pairwise opposite direction selectivity. We show that retinotopy is an emergent characteristic of this neurogenic program and derives directly from neuronal birth order. Our work illustrates how simple developmental rules can implement complex neural organization.
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- 2018
243. Predicting Future Instance Segmentation by Forecasting Convolutional Features
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Yann LeCun, Pauline Luc, Jakob Verbeek, Camille Couprie, Facebook AI Research [Paris] (FAIR), Facebook, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth ), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ANR-16-CE23-0006,Deep_in_France,Réseaux de neurones profonds pour l'apprentissage(2016), ANR-11-LABX-0025,PERSYVAL-lab,Systemes et Algorithmes Pervasifs au confluent des mondes physique et numérique(2011), Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer science ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) ,Optical flow ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Convolutional neural network ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,Video Prediction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Segmentation ,Instance Segmentation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,business.industry ,Deep learning ,[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV] ,RGB color model ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Convolutional neural networks ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer - Abstract
International audience; Anticipating future events is an important prerequisite towards intelligent behavior. Video forecasting has been studied as a proxy task towards this goal. Recent work has shown that to predict semantic segmentation of future frames, forecasting at the semantic level is more effective than forecasting RGB frames and then segmenting these. In this paper we consider the more challenging problem of future instance segmentation, which additionally segments out individual objects. To deal with a varying number of output labels per image, we develop a predictive model in the space of fixed-sized convolutional features of the Mask R-CNN instance segmentation model. We apply the "detection head" of Mask R-CNN on the predicted features to produce the instance segmentation of future frames. Experiments show that this approach significantly improves over strong baselines based on optical flow and repurposed instance segmentation architectures.
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- 2018
244. The stress sigma factor of RNA polymerase RpoS/σ S is a solvent-exposed open molecule in solution
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Christina Sizun, Julia Chamot-Rooke, Françoise Bonneté, Sébastien Brier, Claudine Mayer, Bertrand Raynal, Françoise Norel, Patrick England, Paola Cavaliere, Fabienne Levi-Acobas, Petr Filipenko, Jacques Bellalou, Systèmes macromoléculaires et Signalisation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Spectrométrie de Masse structurale et protéomique, Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Biologie – Mass Spectrometry for Biology (UTechS MSBio), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Biophysique Moléculaire (Plate-forme), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Production de Protéines Recombinantes (Plate-Forme) (PRPF), Microbiologie structurale - Structural Microbiology (Microb. Struc. (UMR_3528 / U-Pasteur_5)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biochimie des Interactions Macromoléculaires / Biochemistry of Macromolecular Interactions, This work was supported by the French National Research Agency [grant ANR-11-BSV3-009] and by grants from the Institut Pasteur and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. The MS work was supported by the Investissements d’Avenir through the CACSICE project [grant ANR-11-EQPX-008]. Access to high-field NMR spectrometers financially supported by IR-RMN-THC FR3050 CNRS is gratefully acknowledged., ANR-11-BSV3-0009,SIGMADAPT,Rôle de SigmaS dans la compétitivité et l'adaptation des bactéries à l'environnement(2011), ANR-11-EQPX-0008,CACSICE,Centre d'analyse de systèmes complexes dans les environnements complexes(2011), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biochimie des Interactions Macromoléculaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Ressources et de Recherche Technologique - Center for Technological Resources and Research (C2RT), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut Pasteur [Paris], ANR-11-EQPX-0008/11-EQPX-0008,CACSICE,Centre d'analyse de systèmes complexes dans les environnements complexes(2011), Centre de Ressources et de Recherche Technologique - Center for Technological Resources and Research (C2RT), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), New York University [New York], Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ( ICSN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] ( IBMM ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier ( ENSCM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Production de Protéines Recombinantes (Plate-Forme) ( PRPF ), Microbiologie structurale, Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Biologie – Mass Spectrometry for Biology ( UTechS MSBio ), ANR-11-BSV3-0009,SIGMADAPT,Rôle de SigmaS dans la compétitivité et l'adaptation des bactéries à l'environnement ( 2011 ), ANR-11-EQPX-0008/11-EQPX-0008,CACSICE,Centre d'analyse de systèmes complexes dans les environnements complexes ( 2011 ), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Avignon Université (AU), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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0301 basic medicine ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030106 microbiology ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Molecular dynamics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Protein structure ,RpoS ,Sigma factor ,protein conformation ,Salmonella ,RNA polymerase ,Molecule ,protein structure ,Molecular Biology ,[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,biology ,Cell Biology ,Crystallography ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Chaperone (protein) ,biology.protein ,Hydrogen–deuterium exchange ,sigma factor ,rpoS - Abstract
International audience; In bacteria, one primary and multiple alternative sigma (σ) factors associate with the RNA polymerase core enzyme (E) to form holoenzymes (Eσ) with different promoter recognition specificities. The alternative σ factor RpoS/σ S is produced in stationary phase and under stress conditions and reprograms global gene expression to promote bacterial survival. To date, the three-dimensional structure of a full-length free σ factor remains elusive. The current model suggests that extensive interdomain contacts in a free σ factor result in a compact conformation that masks the DNA-binding determinants of σ, explaining why a free σ factor does not bind double-stranded promoter DNA efficiently. Here, we explored the solution conformation of σ S using amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange coupled with mass spectrometry, NMR, analytical ultracentrifugation and molecular dynamics. Our data strongly argue against a compact conformation of free σ S. Instead, we show that σ S adopts an open conformation in solution in which the folded σ 2 and σ 4 domains are interspersed by domains with a high degree of disorder. These findings suggest that E binding induces major changes in both the folding and domain arrangement of σ S and provide insights into the possible mechanisms of regulation of σ S activity by its chaperone Crl.
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- 2018
245. Newly discovered Aurignacian engraved blocks from Abri Cellier: History, context and dating
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Laurent Chiotti, André Morala, Randall White, Sarah Ranlett, Raphaëlle Bourrillon, Elise Tartar, Marie-Cécile Soulier, Thomas Higham, Romain Mensan, Amy E. Clark, Center for the study of Human Origins, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, RLAHA, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
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010506 paleontology ,History ,060102 archaeology ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Excavation ,Context (language use) ,06 humanities and the arts ,01 natural sciences ,Archaeology ,Key point ,Sequence (geology) ,Assemblage (archaeology) ,0601 history and archaeology ,Aurignacian ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
The rich record of Aurignacian graphic arts from sites in the Vezere Valley of SW France holds a key place in our understanding of systems of representation in the European Early Upper Paleolithic. One of the main sites yielding representational objects is Abri Cellier, which has long been on the short-list of major art-bearing sites attributed to the European Aurignacian. Collie's 1927 excavations yielded 15 engraved and/or pierced limestone blocks that have served as a key point of reference for the study of Aurignacian art in SW France. As part of a broader re-excavation of key Aurignacian sites in the Vezere Valley, we returned to Abri Cellier in 2014, with detailed archives in hand, in the hopes of finding intact deposits that would allow a better understanding of the archaeological sequence at the site and its relationship to other Aurignacian sites in the so-called "classic zone." While disappointingly little is left of the site, the 2014 season allowed the addition of 16 new engraved, painted or pierced blocks to the 15 already known from the 1927 excavations. We present here a brief history of excavations at the site, a stratigraphic analysis, an overview of archaeological materials recovered, a series of 14C ultrafiltration dates, a brief discussion of the peculiar characteristics of Aurignacian block art in SW France, a detailed analysis of the engraved surfaces of the blocks discovered in 1927 and in 2014 and finally a comparison of the newly-revised Cellier block assemblage with those from other Aurignacian sites in the Vezere.
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- 2018
246. The stress-induced transcription factor NR4A1 adjusts mitochondrial function and synapse number in prefrontal cortex
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Jeanneteau, Freddy, Barrère, Christian, Vos, Mariska, de Vries, Carlie J. M., Rouillard, Claude, Levesque, Daniel, Dromard, Yann, Moisan, Marie-Pierre, Duric, Vanja, Franklin, Tina C., Duman, Ronald S., Lewis, David A., Ginsberg, Stephen D., Arango-Lievano, Margarita, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Medical Biochemistry [Amsterdam, the Netherlands] (Academic Medical Center), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences [Québec, Canada], Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Faculté de Pharmacie [Montréal, Québec, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology [Des Moines, IA, USA], Des Moines University, Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology [New Haven, CT, USA], Yale University [New Haven], Department of Psychiatry [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Nathan Kline Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology [New York, NY, USA], New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Nowak, Cécile, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, and ACS - Diabetes & metabolism
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Male ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Cell Count ,Mice, Transgenic ,Mice ,stress ,Alzheimer Disease ,Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1 ,Animals ,Humans ,Research Articles ,Aged ,pyramidal neurons ,prefrontal cortex ,Neuronal Plasticity ,Pyramidal Cells ,dendritic spines ,Rats ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,mitochondria ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Hindlimb Suspension ,Chronic Disease ,Synapses ,Female ,Cognition Disorders ,Stress, Psychological ,Cellular/Molecular - Abstract
The energetic costs of behavioral chronic stress are unlikely to be sustainable without neuronal plasticity. Mitochondria have the capacity to handle synaptic activity up to a limit before energetic depletion occurs. Protective mechanisms driven by the induction of neuronal genes likely evolved to buffer the consequences of chronic stress on excitatory neurons in prefrontal cortex (PFC), as this circuitry is vulnerable to excitotoxic insults. Little is known about the genes involved in mitochondrial adaptation to the buildup of chronic stress. Using combinations of genetic manipulations and stress for analyzing structural, transcriptional, mitochondrial, and behavioral outcomes, we characterized NR4A1 as a stress-inducible modifier of mitochondrial energetic competence and dendritic spine number in PFC. NR4A1 acted as a transcription factor for changing the expression of target genes previously involved in mitochondrial uncoupling, AMP-activated protein kinase activation, and synaptic growth. Maintenance of NR4A1 activity by chronic stress played a critical role in the regressive synaptic organization in PFC of mouse models of stress (male only). Knockdown, dominant-negative approach, and knockout of Nr4a1 in mice and rats (male only) protected pyramidal neurons against the adverse effects of chronic stress. In human PFC tissues of men and women, high levels of the transcriptionally active NR4A1 correlated with measures of synaptic loss and cognitive impairment. In the context of chronic stress, prolonged expression and activity of NR4A1 may lead to responses of mitochondria and synaptic connectivity that do not match environmental demand, resulting in circuit malfunction between PFC and other brain regions, constituting a pathological feature across disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The bioenergetic cost of chronic stress is too high to be sustainable by pyramidal prefrontal neurons. Cellular checkpoints have evolved to adjust the responses of mitochondria and synapses to the buildup of chronic stress. NR4A1 plays such a role by controlling the energetic competence of mitochondria with respect to synapse number. As an immediate-early gene, Nr4a1 promotes neuronal plasticity, but sustained expression or activity can be detrimental. NR4A1 expression and activity is sustained by chronic stress in animal models and in human studies of neuropathologies sensitive to the buildup of chronic stress. Therefore, antagonism of NR4A1 is a promising avenue for preventing the regressive synaptic reorganization in cortical systems in the context of chronic stress.
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- 2018
247. Combined Non-invasive PIXE/PIGE Analyses of Mammoth Ivory from Aurignacian Archaeological Sites
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Ina Reiche, Tim Matthies, Katharina Müller, Nicholas J. Conard, Olaf Jöris, Randall White, Harald Floss, Claire Heckel, Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz, Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Anthropology [New York University], New York University [New York] (NYU), and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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010506 paleontology ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,Mammoths ,Animals ,0601 history and archaeology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Mammoth ,060102 archaeology ,biology ,Non invasive ,Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ,Ornaments ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Archaeology ,Trace Elements ,Geography ,Homo sapiens ,Upper Paleolithic ,Tooth ,Aurignacian - Abstract
Among the earliest Homo sapiens societies in Eurasia, the Aurignacian phase of the Early Upper Paleolithic, approximately 40 000-30 000 years ago, mammoth ivory assumed great social and economic significance, and was used to create hundreds of personal ornaments as well as the earliest known works of three-dimensional figurative art in the world. This paper reports on the results of micro-PIXE/PIGE analyses of mammoth-ivory artifacts and debris from five major sites of Aurignacian ivory use. Patterns of variable fluorine content indicate regionally distinctive strategies of ivory procurement that correspond to apparent differences in human-mammoth interactions. Preserved trace elements (Br, Sr, Zn) indicate that differences at the regional level are applicable to sourcing Paleolithic ivory at the regional scale.
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- 2018
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248. A Preconditioned Conjugated Gradient Method for Computing Ground States of Rotating Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates via Kernel Truncation Method for Dipole-Dipole Interaction Evaluation
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Xavier Antoine, Yong Zhang, Qinglin Tang, Systems with physical heterogeneities : inverse problems, numerical simulation, control and stabilization (SPHINX), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut Élie Cartan de Lorraine (IECL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics [Singapore], National University of Singapore (NUS), Wolfgang Pauli Institute (WPI), University of Vienna [Vienna], Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), and NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)
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Physics ,rotating dipolar BEC ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Computation ,01 natural sciences ,Computer Science::Numerical Analysis ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Computational physics ,law.invention ,Vortex ,Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method ,Dipole ,law ,Lattice (order) ,Conjugate gradient method ,0103 physical sciences ,Kernel Truncation Method ,[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP] ,ground state ,010306 general physics ,Ground state ,Gradient method ,Bose–Einstein condensate ,[MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA] ,Dipole-Dipole Interaction - Abstract
International audience; In this paper, we propose an efficient and accurate method to compute the ground state of 2D/3D rotating dipolar BEC by incorporating the Kernel Truncation Method (KTM) for Dipole-Dipole Interaction (DDI) evaluation into the newly-developed Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) method [9]. Adaptation details of KTM and PCG, including multidimensional discrete convolution acceleration for KTM, choice of the preconditioners in PCG, are provided. The performance of our method is confirmed with extensive numerical tests, with emphasis on spectral accuracy of KTM and efficiency of ground state computation with PCG. Application of our method shows some interesting vortex lattice patterns in 2D and 3D respectively.
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- 2018
249. The gene regulatory program of Acrobeloides nanus reveals conservation of phylum-specific expression
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Michael Kroiher, Avital L. Polsky, Alison G. Cole, David H. Silver, Itai Yanai, Tamar Hashimshony, Philipp H. Schiffer, Georgios Koutsovoulos, Julia I. R. Camps, Vladislav Grishkevich, Leon Anavy, University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], University of Vienna [Vienna], University of Cologne, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), School of Biological Sciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, School of Medicine, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Volkswagen-Stiftung, European Project: 322790,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-ADG_20120314,XENOTURBELLA(2013), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
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0301 basic medicine ,Regulation of gene expression ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Nematoda ,Phylum ,developmental constraints ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,biology.organism_classification ,Genome ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,evolution ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Evolutionary developmental biology ,gene expression ,Ecdysozoa ,Gene ,development ,Caenorhabditis elegans - Abstract
International audience; The evolution of development has been studied through the lens of gene regulation by examining either closely related species or extremely distant animals of different phyla. In nematodes, detailed cell-and stage-specific expression analyses are focused on the model Caenorhabditis elegans, in part leading to the view that the developmental expression of gene cascades in this species is archetypic for the phylum. Here, we compared two species of an intermediate evolutionary distance: the nematodes C. elegans (clade V) and Acrobeloides nanus (clade IV). To examine A. nanus molecularly, we sequenced its genome and identified the expression profiles of all genes throughout embryogenesis. In comparison with C. elegans, A. nanus exhibits a much slower embryonic development and has a capacity for regulative compensation of missing early cells. We detected conserved stages between these species at the transcriptome level, as well as a prominent middevelopmental transition, at which point the two species converge in terms of their gene expression. Interestingly, we found that genes originating at the dawn of the Ecdysozoa super-group show the least expression divergence between these two species. This led us to detect a correlation between the time of expression of a gene and its phylogenetic age: evolutionarily ancient and young genes are enriched for expression in early and late embryogenesis, respectively, whereas Ecdysozoa-specific genes are enriched for expression during the middevelopmental transition. Our results characterize the developmental constraints operating on each individual embryo in terms of developmental stages and genetic evolutionary history.
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- 2018
250. L'agrobiodiversité du palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) de l’oasis de Siwa (Égypte) : Combiner les analyses ethnographiques, morphométriques et génétiques
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Battesti, Vincent, Gros-Balthazard, Muriel, Ogéron, Clémence, Ivorra, Sarah, Terral, Jean-Frederic, Newton, Claire, Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie (EAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Musée de l'homme (M.H), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), New York University [Abu Dhabi], NYU System (NYU), Laboratoire d’Archéologie et de Patrimoine [Rimouski], and Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)
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Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) ,Agrobiodiversité ,Microsatellite markers ,[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Ethnobotany ,Agriculture ,Ethnographical analysis ,[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,Seed morphometrics ,Anthropologie ,Agrobiodiversity ,Archaeology ,Siwa Oasis ,Égypte ,Ethnobotanique ,Oasis ,Egypt ,Phoenix dactylifera L ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Palmier dattier ,Sahara - Abstract
International audience; We evaluate date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) agrobiodiversity of Siwa oasis, Egypt, located at the crossroads of ancient Trans-Saharan routes, focusing on diversity both as expressed and maintained by the folk categorization system of Siwa inhabitants (through an ethnographic analysis) and as described by genetic sciences and a morpho- metric tool based on size and geometry of seeds. We verified that some named types are true cultivars, sharing not only a formal identity, important for Isiwan people, but also a genetic identity. However, we also confirm the existence of "ethnovarieties," i.e. voluntary collections of multiple clones sharing phenotypic characteristics with the same local name, suggesting the genetic richness is higher than the apparent agrobiodiversity estimated by a superficial ethnobotanical approach. Finally, our research offers new insights on the relative importance of feral and cultivated date palms.; L'agrobiodiversité de l'oasis de Siwa (Égypte), située au carrefour d'anciennes routes transsahariennes, est évaluée dans cet article en se centrant sur le palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.), l'espèce "ingénieur écosystémique" de l'oasis. Cette évaluation confronte différentes ontologies: la diversité telle qu'exprimée et maintenue par le système de catégorisation local des habitants de Siwa (à travers les résultats d'une analyse ethnographique) et la diversité décrite par les sciences génétiques et un outil morphométrique basé sur la taille et la géométrie des graines. Au-delà de la simple instrumentalisation d'une discipline par une autre, cette étude offre un espace interdisciplinaire d'enrichissement mutuel et des résultats qui auraient autrement été inaccessibles. L'étude a vérifié que certains types nommés sont de "véritables cultivars", partageant non seulement une identité formelle, ce qui importe aux Isiwans, mais aussi une identité génétique. Cependant, elle corrobore également l'existence d'"ethnovariétés", c'est-à-dire de collections volontaires de multiples clones partageant des caractéristiques phénotypiques sous un même nom donné local, suggérant que la richesse génétique est supérieure à l'apparente agrobiodiversité estimée par une approche ethnobotanique superficielle. Enfin, cette étude offre de nouvelles perspectives sur l'importance relative des palmiers dattiers féraux et cultivés.
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- 2018
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