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International audience; The possibility of speech processing in the absence of an intelligible acoustic signal has given rise to the idea of a 'silent speech' interface, to be used as an aid for the speech-handicapped, or as part of a communications system operating in silence-required or high-background-noise environments. The article first outlines the emergence of the silent speech interface from the fields of speech production, automatic speech processing, speech pathology research, and telecommunications privacy issues, and then follows with a presentation of demonstrator systems based on seven different types of technologies. A concluding section underlining some of the common challenges faced by silent speech interface researchers, and ideas for possible future directions, is also provided.

The spectral sensitization of hardened dichromated gelatin to red light is carried out using methylene blue as sensitizer. The sensitized dichromated gelatin plate can be stored for over 1 month in an ammonia atmosphere without loss of photosensitivity. Holograms recorded in the sensitized dichromated gelatin using a He-Ne laser have high diffraction efficiency and low noise if they are swelled at a temperature near the gelatin gel melting point during development processing. Maximum diffraction efficiency has been found to be as high as 88%. The energy required to obtain 80% diffraction efficiency is 150-400 mJ/cm(2).

The Telescope Array is a detector of extensive air shower produced by ultra High energy cosmic ray. This detector is located on Utah, USA. The construction have been completed and the full operation has been running from March 2008. In this talk, the status of observation and our prospects are described.

To determine whether an increase in plasma volume might directly influence supraoptic neurones, single cell extracellular recordings were made from magnocellular neurones of the supraoptic nucleus in urethane-anaesthetized rats as plasma volume was expanded by intragastric injection of isotonic saline. Continuous ratemeter records taken before, during and after intragastric injections of 10 ml isotonic saline showed that the firing rate of putative vasopressin cells was reduced by 2·21 spikes/s (P < 0·02; n = 9; paired t-test) after 50 min. Putative oxytocin cells, after an initial increase in firing rate which lasted approximately 30 min, showed a decrease of 0·98 spikes/s (P < 0·02; n = 6; paired t-test). A population of 93 control cells of both types had a median firing rate of 4·69 spikes/s, a comparable group of 65 cells recorded 1 h after intragastric injection had a median firing rate of 3·15 spikes/s and another group of 68 cells recorded 1 h after a second injection had a median firing rate of 2·5 spikes/s. These differences were significant (P < 0·04 and P < 0·01; Mann–Whitney U test). The haematocrit of plasma samples taken from five similarly anaesthetized control animals was 49·7%. One hour after one intragastric injection the value was significantly (P < 0·02; paired t-test) reduced to 46·7% and 1 h after a second injection it was further reduced to 42·1% (P < 0·01). Thus a modest increase in plasma volume was associated with a reduced firing rate of both vasopressin and oxytocin cells so that it is probable that an increase in plasma volume inhibits the secretion of both neurohypophysial hormones. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 135, 527–533

Neutrons associated with the solar flare of 4 June 1991 were observed by scintillation detectors of the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA), which is about 900 m above sea level (920 g/cm2). The total area of plastic scintillators used for the present analysis is 182.6 m 2 and the excess counting rate is (0.35 ± 0.1) per m 2 s. From attenuation of counting rates observed by scintillation detectors at Mt. Norikura and at Akeno, the excess signals can be interpreted as muons produced in the upper atmosphere by solar neutrons of energies above 10 GeV. The flux of solar neutrons above 10 GeV is about 1 ∼ 2 per m 2 s at the top of the atmosphere and lasted for more than 20 minutes after the solar flare.

Cresol–formaldehyde resins are important components of photoresists for semiconductor fabrication. The type of methylene bridge and relative amounts thereof are key structural features that determine resin properties. Several model compounds were prepared that represent the various types of methylene bridges that are possible from condensation of meta- and para-cresol with formaldehyde. The methylene bridges were characterized by 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and the assignments made were used to analyze spectra of cresol–formaldehyde novolak resin and several oligomer types. The effect of complexation with metal ion on the methylene bridge chemical shift was investigated for one oligomer. The effect of bridging position on the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the phenolic hydroxyl group was investigated by infrared spectroscopy.

A very large surface array has been constructed recently at Akeno, 120 km west of Tokyo, to study the spectral features of the primary cosmic ray energy spectrum at the highest energies and to search for discrete sources emitting cosmic rays at energies above 1017 eV. The new array, AGASA (Akeno Giant Air Shower Array) spread over an area of about 100 km2, consists of 111 scintillation detectors, each 2.2 m2 in area and 27 muon detectors of six different sizes. The distance between the detectors is about 1 km. The data acquisition network developed for AGASA links detectors with each other and with the four branch controllers with two optical-fiber cables for all communications. We present here the salient design features of AGASA and discuss the estimates of the accuracy in the determination of arrival direction and primary energy of showers expected to be achieved with AGASA.

A 33-year-old man was referred by a local dentist for autotransplantation of the right mandibular third molar to the site of the left mandibular first molar. Before the operation, dental-cone-beam computed tomography was performed to measure the dimensions of the graft tooth and the bone volume of the socket. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of the graft tooth was created from the 3D imaging data. A replica of the graft tooth was produced using a stereolithographic CAD/CAM system before autotransplantation. A socket of the appropriate size and structure was created and the graft tooth was extracted immediately before grafting. This procedure shortened the time needed to fit the graft tooth into the socket and reduced injury to the periodontal membrane. The postoperative outcomes of autotransplantation of the tooth were good.

In the observation of insulating materials with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), charging contrast degrades the image quality. Several methods against this surface charging, for example, gas injection, appropriate setting of accererating voltage and etc, have been done so far. All most of them, however, have some restriction for SEM imaging. As a new method, we developed a charging reduction system to reduce the influence of negative charging by irradiating tilted electron beams. This method has not been used with SEM imaging, but same kind of attempts were made in the field of AES [1, 2].

Within the continuing process of miniaturization in information technology analytical tools are required to characterize materials in terms of electric and magnetic fields on the nanometer scale. In this discipline, off-axis electron holography has proven to be a measuring talent. The holographic reconstruction offers an access to the complete complex object wave, i.e. amplitude and phase of the object-modulated electron wave with all details from largest area information up to the resolution limit of the microscope [1].

A high-speed method of 3-D distance acquisition based on the triangulation principle is presented. This method uses conventional devices such as a CCD camera, a laser emitting semiconductor, and scanning mirrors; however, new circuits have been developed for detecting the position of spot image on the CCD. This development enables the high speed measurement and reduces the cost of the apparatus. Experiments showed that the apparatus and the method gave the practical measuring accuracy and speed, and it was found that the system is useful for image recognition. This method can easily display the stereoscopic image and cross-sectional figure of the object body. The method of real time processing has also been developed with the view to apply the device to the range finders for robots and blind persons

The construction and the fundamental studies of a kilohertz‐range flash x‐ray generator having a triode in conjunction with an extremely hot cathode are described. This generator consisted of the following components: a constant‐high voltage power supply, an energy storage condenser of 100 nF, a constant high‐voltage power supply for regulating an initial grid voltage of −1.6 kV, a grid pulser, and an x‐ray tube. The x‐ray tube was of an enclosed‐triode type and consisted of the following major parts: an anode rod made of copper, a plane anode tip (target) made of tungsten, a focusing electrode made of iron, a hot cathode (filament) made of tungsten, a grid made from tungsten wire, and a glass tube body. The energy storage condenser was charged from 50 to 70 kV, and the electric charges in the condenser were discharged repetitively to the x‐ray tube by the grid electrode driven by the grid pulser. The temperature of the filament was about 2000 K, and the cathode current was primarily controlled by the gri...

A hybrid molecule between BEDT-TTF and TTC 1 -TTF (tetrakis(methylthio)-TTF; C 1 TET-TTF (bis(methylthio)ethylenedithio-TTF), gave cation radical salts with PF 6 , AsF 6 , and Sb 2 F 11 anions. Two PF 6 and two AsF 6 salts were electrochemically prepared in methanol or ethanol, and all of the four showed metallic temperature dependence of d.c. resistivity at around room temperature. These four salts are isomorphic, however, there are slight differences in the anion arrangement which is dependent on the solvent used. The salts from ethanol gave narrower EPR line widths than those from methanol at r.t.. The temperature dependence of EPR intensity for the four salts showed a similar fashion to one another, though the four-probe resistivity measurements exhibited a variety of temperature dependences. Unexpectedly, the Sb 2 F 11 salt was obtained by the electrolysis with TBA·SbF 6 in methanol, and showed semiconducting behavior. The composition was (C 1 TET-TTF) 4 Sb 2 F 11 with a binuclear anion of two Sb centered octahedra sharing a F atom.

The elementary reaction, H + H2O → OH + H2, has been studied in the flowing mixture of HI and H2O irradiated at 266 nm. The nascent rotational distributions of OH are of Boltzmann-type with a remarkably non-statistical partition over the Λ-doublet sublevels, while the spin—orbit components are populated statistically. Weak dependence on the collision energy is suggested. These results are shown to be explained with a classical model based on the direct stripping mechanism with the reaction barrier at a later stage of the reaction coordinate.

YM060, (R)-5-[(1-methyl-3-indolyl)carbonyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzimidazole hydrochloride, is a new serotonin (5HT)3-receptor antagonist. We examined the effects of YM060 on chemotherapeutic agent-, apomorphine- and copper sulfate-induced emesis. Intravenous YM060 potently prevented cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced emesis with ED50 values of 0.06 (0.05-0.07) micrograms/kg, i.v. in ferrets. Based on the ED50 values, YM060 was 300, 20 and 100 times more potent than ondansetron, granisetron and the S-isomer of YM060, respectively. The relative potencies of these drugs described above were similar to those in the previously reported 5HT3-receptor antagonism. YM060 given orally also potently inhibited cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.)- and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced emesis in ferrets with ED50 values of 0.1 (0.09-0.11) and 0.02 (0.16-0.27) micrograms/kg, p.o., respectively. All tested 5HT3-receptor antagonists including YM060 failed to prevent apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.)-induced emesis in dogs and copper sulfate (1%, 10 ml, p.o.)-induced emesis in ferrets. Our data indicate that YM060 is a highly potent inhibitor of chemotherapeutic agent-induced emesis and that the antiemetic effect of YM060 may be depend on 5HT3-receptor antagonism.

At mountain altitudes, high energy γ -ray bundles ( γ -rays in parallel trajectories and with the same direction of an air shower) can be observed in the central part of air showers. These γ -ray bundles (≥ 1 TeV ) and their associated air showers are observed simultaneously at Mt. Chacaltaya (5200 m ) by our detectors. The γ -ray bundle in the air shower can give information on the primary composition and the characteristics of proton interaction. In this paper, we report on experimental results, simulations calculated for the present experiments, and also problems in simulations.

Thermal expansion of α-Mn has been measured at high pressures up to 2.2 GPa in order to examine the relation between the instability of antiferromagnetism and the magnetovolume effect. It is found that TN goes down and the magnitude of spontaneous volume magnetostriction becomes small as pressure increases. The antiferromagnetism of α-Mn is suggested as disappearing below 5 GPa.

The electrical resistivity of single crystalline TmNi 2 B 2 C has been measured at high pressures up to 2 GPa and magnetic fields up to 5 T. It is found that the superconducting transition temperature T c and the upper critical field H c2 decrease with increasing pressure, ∂T c / ∂P =−0.50 K/GPa and ∂H c2 / ∂P =−0.38 T/GPa. The present results are compared with those of other borocarbides and discussed by taking into account the interplay between the superconductivity and the antiferromagnetism.

Extremely high density CMOS technology for 40 nm low power applications is demonstrated. More than 50% power reduction is achieved as a SoC chip by aggressive shrinkage and low voltage operation of RF devices. Gate density of 2100 kGate/mm2 is realized by breaking down conventional trade-off of leakage power and performance with three key approaches. 0.195 mum2 SRAM with excellent static noise margin is also accomplished by minimizing random impurity fluctuation using Hf doped silicate as gate dielectrics. In addition, novel DFM (Design for Manufacturing) techniques are introduced for systematic yield improvement.

The renal artery (RA) has been extensively investigated for the assessment of renal vascular function/dysfunction; however, few studies have focused on the intrarenal vasculature.We devised a microvascular force measurement system, which allowed us to measure contractions of interlobar arteries (ILA), isolated from within the mouse kidney and prepared without endothelium.KCl (50 mM) induced similar force development in the aorta and RA but responses in the ILA were about 50% lower. Treatment of RA with 10 microM phenylephrine (PE), 10 nM U46619 (thromboxane A(2) analogue) or 10 microM prostaglandin F(2 alpha) elicited a response greater than 150% of that induced by KCl. In ILA, 10 nM U46619 elicited a response that was 130% of the KCl-induced response; however, other agonists induced levels similar to that induced by KCl. High glucose conditions (22.2 mM glucose) significantly enhanced responses in RA and ILA to PE or U46619 stimulation. This enhancement was suppressed by rottlerin, a calcium-independent PKC inhibitor, indicating that glucose-dependent, enhanced small vessel contractility in the kidney was linked to the activation of calcium-independent PKC.Extra- and intrarenal arteries exhibit different profiles of agonist-induced contractions. In ILA, only U46619 enhanced small vessel contractility in the kidney, which might lead to renal dysfunction and nephropathy through reduced intrarenal blood flow rate. A model has been established, which will allow the assessment of contractile responses of intrarenal arteries from murine models of renal disease, including type 2 diabetes.

This paper describes a new noninvasive measurement of blood glucose based on an Infrared spectroscopy. This measured the spectrum of human finger by using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of attenuated total reflection. In this study, the time dependencies of the accuracy of the calibration models were examined.

Background information. The RNA-binding protein S1-1, also called RBM10 (RNA-binding motif 10), is a paralogue of putative tumour suppressor RBM5 and has been correlated with cancer proliferation and apoptosis. In the present study, we have investigated the cell biology of S1-1. Results. In the extranucleolar nucleoplasm, S1-1 occurred in hundreds of punctate and irregular domains. Some 10–40 of these domains were larger than 0.5 μm and prominent for S1-1 immunostaining. These domains (S1-1 nuclear bodies) were commonly present in tissue cells and in cultured cells. When cellular transcription was globally reduced by heat shock, serum starvation, culture at high cell densities or inhibition with RNA polymerase II inhibitors, small S1-1 domains (S1-1 granules), with weak immunostaining signals, reduced in number, whereas S1-1 nuclear bodies became prominent and increased in size. These altered S1-1 domains were returned to initial states when the cells were placed under normal conditions. Similar to paraspeckles, S1-1 nuclear bodies occurred closely adjacent to nuclear speckles or IGCs (interchromatin granule clusters), as determined by immunoelectron microscopy. However, the S1-1 nuclear bodies did not correspond to paraspeckles or IGAZs (interchromatin-granule-associated zones), but coincided with TIDRs (transcription-inactivation-dependent RNA domains), which we had characterized previously at the RNA level. The enlarged S1-1 nuclear bodies/TIDRs accumulated the S1-1 protein and microinjected primary and spliced mRNAs, presumably for later elevation of gene expression. In addition, electron microscopy revealed that S1-1 was also present on perichromatin fibrils, suggesting the structure of S1-1 granules seen at higher resolution. Conclusions. S1-1 constitutes hundreds of nuclear domains, which dynamically change their structures in a reversible manner. Upon globally reducing RNA polymerase II transcription, S1-1 nuclear bodies enlarge and decrease in number. They are novel domains different from paraspeckles or IGAZs, despite their similar occurrence adjacent to nuclear speckles. We discuss S1-1 granules in terms of their association with gene expression. In addition, this is the first report of a TIDR-localized protein.

1. Experiments were undertaken to provide evidence for the existence of a circuit of neuronal interconnections between the supraoptic nucleus (SON), the ventral anteroventral third ventricular region (including the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis; ventral AV3V) and the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), and to determine the importance of these connections in the osmotic control of the neuronal activity of the SON. Extracellular recordings were made in the urethane-anaesthetized male rat from neurones in one of these three sites, while the other two sites were electrically stimulated. 2. During recording from the SON, electrical stimulus pulses applied either to the ventral AV3V or to the MnPO were followed by orthodromic excitation (OD+) or initial short-duration inhibition followed by long-duration excitation (OD- +) of most SON neurones (44/48). The latency of OD+ or OD+ component of OD- + response produced by electrical stimulation of the MnPO was significantly (paired t test, P less than 0.01) shorter than that by the stimulation of the ventral AV3V. None of the neurones we recorded in the SON was activated antidromically by stimulation of either the ventral AV3V or the MnPO. Pressure injection of lidocaine (10%, 50 nl) into the MnPO reversibly depressed the OD+ effect after stimulation of the ventral AV3V in all the SON neurones tested (11/11), while injection of lidocaine into the ventral AV3V did not affect the OD+ effect after stimulation of the MnPO in most neurones (7/9). Both types of observation are consistent with the presence of an excitatory input to SON through the MnPO. 3. Pressure injection of lidocaine into both the ventral AV3V and the MnPO reversibly blocked the activation of SON neurones following an I.P. injection of 1.5 M-NaCl (1 ml) (ventral AV3V 11/11; MnPO, 10/10 cells tested). Injection of lidocaine at both sites, however, did not prevent activation of SON neurones by hypovolaemia (2 ml of blood was withdrawn through a cannula in the right atrium: ventral AV3V, 4/5; MnPO, 4/4 cells tested). The integrity of connections in the ventral AV3V and MnPO thus appeared to be essential for osmotic activation of the SON. 4. Of the 119 ventral AV3V neurones which were tested for their response to electrical stimulation of the SON, forty-nine neurones showed orthodromic excitation (OD+; n = 33) or initial inhibition followed by excitation (OD- +; n = 16). Thirty of the forty-nine OD+ or OD- + neurones also showed antidromic excitation (AD) after electrical stimulation of the MnPO.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Observation to detect VHE gamma-ray emissions has been carried out at Mt.Chacaltaya with the SYS air shower array since Feb.1986. A significant excess of hadron-less air showers with energies above 1014eV from the direction of Scorpius X-1 has been found during the last fifteen days in May 1986. However, no excess as the continuous emissions could be observed for several X-ray binary objects in the southern hemisphere. Small abundance of hadron-less air showers could be seen from the diffused region of galactic centre.

Timing error between sampling and holding (SZH) channels for Time-interleaved analog-to-digital converts (TiADCs) is caused by clock skew and RC (sampling resistance and capacitance) mismatch. This paper presents the measurement results of a prototype chip based on our previous work (Z. Liu et al., 2006), in which we showed timing error due to clock skew and RC mismatch can be calibrated simultaneously by adjusting the clock phase. The results show that the residue timing error can be reduce to 1-ps.

Recently, various techniques of DFM (design for manufacturing) have suggested as counter measure of yield degradation. In this paper we focused on a design rule which causes yield and device degradation, and extracted a new rule with small process margins. In addition, we evaluated the systematic failure caused by small process margin, and defined the criticality as the function of its layout design rule. We describe the techniques that designer can not only predict yield degradation, but also recognize how critical the design rules are. The Techniques enable the productions to avoid complexity of design rule and to be competitive and mainstream in the industry.

Aberrant expression of microRNAs and piwi-interacting RNAs, two distinct classes of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and important regulators of gene expression, is known to be implicated in human diseases including cancer. The exact roles of microRNAs and piwi-interacting RNAs in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), however, remain poorly understood. Utilizing next generation RNA sequencing analysis of raw data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we discovered significant dysregulation (fold change ≥ 2) in 231 microRNAs and 60 piwi-interacting RNAs between forty-three matched samples of tumor and adjacent normal tissues, including down-regulation of mirs 30e and let7-c, and up-regulation of piR34736 and mir-196a-1 in tumor tissue compared to adjacent, non-tumor tissue. Further statistical survival modeling using patient survival data and cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that miRs 30e, 196a-1, and let7-c, and piR34736 correlated significantly with survival in patients with HNSCC. To further investigate these microRNAs and piwi-interacting RNAs, quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) and MTT cell proliferation assays were performed in-vitro to assess their isolated effects on cancer gene expression in established HNSCC cell lines. Endogenous expression of these ncRNA was compared between a set of three normal oral keratinocytes and five HNSCC cell lines using qRT-PCR which confirmed miR-30e and mir-let7-c down-regulation and piR34736 and mir-196a-1 up-regulation in cancer. MTT cell proliferation assays upon knock-down of miR-196a-1 and ectopically expressed mir-let7-c in HNSCC revealed significant decreases in cell proliferation compared to cells transfected with their respective negative control. Identification of key ncRNAs differentially expressed between cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue may reveal important steps in the initiation and progression of HNSCC as they are strongly correlated with patient survival. These key microRNAs and piwi-interacting RNAs may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future epigenetic-based cancer therapies. Citation Format: Jonjei Ku, Angela E. Zou, Thomas K. Honda, Hao Zheng, Maarouf A. Saad, Vicky Yu, Yinan Xuan, Pranav Singh, Mehran Rahimy, Selena Z. Kuo, Weg M. Ongkeko, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez. Identification of key survival-correlating microRNAs and Piwi-interacting RNAs dysregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3836. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3836

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) persists as one of the most common and deadly malignancies, with early detection and effective treatment still posing formidable challenges. To expand our currently sparse knowledge of the epigenetic alterations involved in this disease and identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, we globally profiled the dysregulation of small nucleolar (snoRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in head and neck tumors. Using next-generation RNA-sequencing data from 40 pairs of tumor and matched normal tissues, we profiled lncRNA expression by mapping each RNA-seq library to a reference annotation containing 32,108 lncRNAs. Using edgeR, we found 19,681 lncRNA transcripts significantly differentially expressed by a fold change magnitude ≥ 4 with a false discovery rate Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Thomas K. Honda, Angela Zou, Vicky Yu, Hao Zheng, Selena Kuo, Maarouf Saad, Yinan Xuan, Pranav Singh, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez, Weg M. Ongkeko. Transcriptome-wide expression profiling of long noncoding and small nucleolar RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas identifies novel transcripts associated with survival. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 151. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-151

We have developed a novel flying magnetic readout Lead based on the concept of magneto-optical transfer. A special feature of this head is that its slider is made of a GGG substrate itself. To improve the readout characteristic of this head, the optical system was adjusted and the grooves were formed on a magnetic garnet film. The readout waveform and signal envelope became stable and the maximum CNR obtained was 52 dB (RBW=30 kHz). The CNR was almost constant for the recorded track width from 80 /spl mu/m to 2.7 /spl mu/m.

We report the case of a patient with fatal obstructive lung disease after an HLA-haploidentical sibling cord blood transplant (CBT), with severe acute GVHD. A 2-year-old girl developed expiratory air trapping gradually with acute and chronic GVHD after CBT for the treatment of ALL. Anti-CMV and immunosuppressive therapy were ineffective, and the patient died of progressive respiratory acidosis. Necropsy of the lung revealed severe bronchiolitis obliterans with cytomegalic inclusion cells in the granulation tissues of the bronchiolitis. Thus, immunologic and GVHD problems can occur even in CBT.

A 10b 100MSample/s pipeline A/D converter in 90nm process consumes 30mW at 1.0V power supply. The proposed capacitance coupling S/H stage and capacitance coupled class-AB amplifier achieve low distortion and low power dissipation at high-speed sampling. The SNDR and SFDR at 100MHz sampling are 54.0 dB and 70.0 dB, respectively

This paper describes a low-power low-distortion pipeline ADC with 1.0V supply voltage. A cascade amp-sharing architecture and capacitor coupling class-AB amplifier are proposed for low-power dissipation under high-speed sampling. The capacitance coupling S/H stage suppresses the distortion caused by the insufficient gate-source voltage of sampling switches due to a low supply voltage. According to H-SPICE simulation results, the 10b 125MSample/s ADC in 90nm digital CMOS process achieves SNDR of 56dB with a power dissipation of only 21mW.

Circadian rhythms in cartilage have been reported repeatedly. However, previous studies used histological analysis or radioisotope-labeled precursors for DNA, collagen and proteoglycan synthesis, and thus it is difficult precisely to evaluate such studies on circadian rhythms in chondrocytes. On the other hand, circadian rhythms in plasma levels of several hormones, which play crucial roles in cartilage metabolism, proved to be significant both in human and animal models. In addition, clock genes--such as Clock, Bmal, Per, Cry and Dec--were identified in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and some peripheral tissues. These clock genes may be involved in circadian rhythms in cartilage.

Moisture induced via failure (MIVF) is studied for 45nm interconnect technology using porous low-k films. Test patterns are designed to examine the layout dependence of the MIVF. Some fundamental and important layout dependencies of the via resistance increase are investigated and considered for the first time. It has been found that the MIVF has not been suppressed, even though multiple vias structure is adopted. On the contrary, local wiring pattern density close to via and dummy wiring pattern area size strongly affect via resistance increase. A model with moisture ventilation can successfully explain those layout dependencies. It is confirmed that the MIVF is completely suppressed by the control of dummy pattern layout

The title compound, C 6 H 11 NOS, is a 3-oxothioketone. It adopts an enol constitution which is stabilized by an intramolecular O-H. . .S hydrogen bond [O---S 2.895 (4) A], even though some molecular orbital calculations suggested that the corresponding enethiol tautomer was the most stable for 3-oxothioketone molecules. A Cambridge Structural Database search for the 3-oxothioketone skeleton found four enol structures but no enethiol ones. The molecule lies on the crystallographic mirror plane.

Simultaneous observation of families and accompanied air showers is carried out at Mt. Chacaltaya with emulsion chambers and a air shower array. The present analysis is based on the data of experiment from 1969 to 1986. 47 families with ΣEγ ≥ 10 TeV are coupled to the accompanied air showers of size 105 to 108. There is discrepancy between the experimental data and the simulation calculation, which indicate a need of more rapid energy dissipating process in the atmosphere in high energy region of E0 > 1016 eV.

Twelve women (13 pregnancies) with antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) who had suffered from two or more recurrent spontaneous abortions or fetal deaths and had successful pregnancy outcomes after immunosuppressive therapy were studied. APA titers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against cardiolipin, phosphatidyl serine and phosphatidyl inositol. Plasma levels of 6ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6ketoPGF1 alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were determined by radioimmunoassay. All of the 13 pregnancies resulted in term delivery. None of the 13 patients suffered from pregnancy-induced hypertension, and only one showed intrauterine growth retardation. A significant decrease of APA titer was observed after immunosuppressive therapy. The 6ketoPGF1 alpha/TXB2 ratios before the therapy, after it and at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy were 0.62 +/- 0.398, 0.88 +/- 0.106, 0.84 +/- 0.550, 1.25 +/- 0.834 and 0.67 +/- 0.413, respectively. The ratio at the 2nd trimester was significantly higher than that before the therapy (P < 0.05, paired t-test, n = 9). The results indicate that the immunosuppressive therapy affected the physiological balance between thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin, and improved clinical symptoms such as recurrent fetal wastage.

In this paper, a 65nm CMOS platform featuring low power transistors and high density SRAM (CMOS5L) is reported. It offers wide range of Vth lineup and very low gate leakage as 0.06A/cm/sup 2/ by optimization of halo implantation and gate oxidation process. Pulse nitridation is applied to suppress Vth variations. Obtained characteristics of MOSFET places top class among devices reported. High density SRAM for CMOS5L with the cell size of 0.495/spl mu/m/sup 2/ is developed. We demonstrate highly stable operation by 7Mb CMOS5L SRAM array. This SRAM has low power property less than 100/spl mu/W.

In order to realize highly reliable low-k/Cu interconnects, optimum BEOL structures were developed for 130, 90 and 65 node logic devices respectively. For 65 nm node BEOL structure, the conventional monolithic dual damascene (DD) structure was replaced by the hybrid-DD structure with PAr/SiOC stack films. It shows high extendibility to the next generation using newly developed technologies, such as eBeam cure and damage restoration techniques.

A new method for the high-speed digital recording of the vocal fold vibration is presented. The method employs a solid endoscope, a solid-state image sensor and a digital image memory. About 100 frames of continuous image data with 50 × 50 picture elements can be stored in the image memory at one time. Image recording at a rate of 2000 frames per second was achieved using a small light source of a 250 W halogen lamp. The method enables to record the speech signal without special consideration on the camera noises, and also to observe the recorded image on the spot through CRT display. An example of the image data with simultaneously recorded speech and EEG signals are presented comparing the male and female voices, and the chest voice, falsetto and breathy voice.

We could recently achieve the Bose Einstein condensation (BEC) of Yb atoms. Yb differs from most of the elements that have previously been condensed, because it is a two‐electron atom with the singlet S ground state. Furthermore the Bosonic isotopes of Yb, like 174Yb which we succeeded to condensate, has no nuclear spin, so that the ground state is completely spin‐less state and hence insensitive to magnetic fields. Thus a new type of atom could join the group of atoms for BEC studies. We would like to report how we could achieve the BEC of Yb atoms.

In this paper, we show the outline of our research on interactive traffic environment, under which we are developing mixed reality traffic experiment space. In order to develop sophisticated ITS applications, it is very important to analyze human factor, but there is few method to obtain human factor, thus, we have decided to create interactive traffic environment under which we can obtain human factors. As the first stage of our research, we have developed mixed reality traffic experiment space. It consists of real observation laboratory part and virtual experiment laboratory part. In the former part, we gather various real raw data to retrieve real environment model. In the later part, we present users more realistic driving environment based on the model. Based on this experiment space, we are going to proceed to the next stages, in which we design and evaluate sustainable ITS applications. For this purpose we have started sustainable ITS project at the university of Tokyo, collaborated among industry, government, and university.

In this paper, we propose an efficient and effective image generation system for "mixed reality traffic experiment space", an enhanced driving/traffic simulation system, which we have been developing for sustainable ITS project at the University of Tokyo. Conventional driving simulators represent their view by a set of polygon-based objects, which leads to less photo-reality and huge human costs for dataset construction. We introduce our image/geometry-based hybrid method to realize more photo-realistic view with less human cost at the same time. Images for datasets are captured from real world by multiple video cameras mounted on a data acquisition vehicle. The view for the system is created by synthesizing the image dataset. We mainly describe details on data acquisition and view rendering.

This study develops a microscopic traffic simulation model (KAKUMO), which is built into a mixed reality experiment system under an interactive traffic environment. We are developing a mixed reality experiment system to examine several human factors such as driving behavior and travel choice behavior, which are required to design and evaluate various ITS systems. The system is characterized by the environment, in which a driver, vehicles and infrastructure are dynamically interacting with each other. In this paper, we introduce the specification and performance of the micro simulation model, which is built into the prototype mixed reality system.