201. Habitual diets rich in dark-green vegetables are associated with an increased response to ω-3 fatty acid supplementation in Americans of African ancestry
- Author
-
Charles B. Stephensen, John W. Newman, Patrice Armstrong, Hooman Allayee, Theresa L. Pedersen, Gertrud U. Schuster, and Aifric O'Sullivan
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,food.ingredient ,Erythrocytes ,Docosahexaenoic Acids ,Lipoproteins ,Cholesterol, VLDL ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Leukotriene B4 ,Soybean oil ,Monocytes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,food ,Double-Blind Method ,Internal medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ,Vegetables ,medicine ,Humans ,Food science ,Triglycerides ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase ,biology ,Cholesterol ,Fatty acid ,Metabolism ,Feeding Behavior ,Middle Aged ,Eicosapentaenoic acid ,Diet ,Black or African American ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Eicosapentaenoic Acid ,Docosahexaenoic acid ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ,Dietary Supplements ,biology.protein ,Linear Models ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,Nutrient Physiology, Metabolism, and Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions ,Energy Intake - Abstract
Although substantial variation exists in individual responses to omega-3 (ω-3) (n-3) fatty acid supplementation, the causes for differences in response are largely unknown. Here we investigated the associations between the efficacy of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation and a broad range of nutritional and clinical factors collected during a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in participants of African ancestry, randomly assigned to receive either 2 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 1 g docosahexaenoic acid (n = 41) or corn/soybean oil placebo (n = 42) supplements for 6 wk. Food-frequency questionnaires were administered, and changes in erythrocyte lipids, lipoproteins, and monocyte 5-lipoxygenase-dependent metabolism were measured before and after supplementation. Mixed-mode linear regression modeling identified high (n = 28) and low (n = 13) ω-3 fatty acid response groups on the basis of changes in erythrocyte EPA abundance (P < 0.001). Compliance was equivalent (∼88%), whereas decreases in plasma triglycerides and VLDL particle sizes and reductions in stimulated monocyte leukotriene B4 production were larger in the high-response group. Although total diet quality scores were similar, the low-response group showed lower estimated 2005 Healthy Eating Index subscores for dark-green and orange vegetables and legumes (P = 0.01) and a lower intake of vegetables (P = 0.02), particularly dark-green vegetables (P = 0.002). Because the findings reported here are associative in nature, prospective studies are needed to determine if dietary dark-green vegetables or nutrients contained in these foods can enhance the efficacy of ω-3 fatty acid supplements. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00536185.
- Published
- 2013