Search

The present work is aimed to develop a simple, sensitive, robust and reliable HPLC method for the estimation of irinotecan in the physiological media in order to assess the permeability profile of irinotecan, using the everted gut sac, in the presence of various P-gp modulators. Separation was achieved using, C18 column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.045 µM sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate buffer containing ion pair agent heptane sulphonic acid sodium salt (0.0054 µM), pH 3. The fow rate was maintained at 1 ml/min and analysis was performed at 254.9 nm using PDA detector. Calibration data showed an excellent linear relationship between peak-area verses drug concentration (r², 0.9999). Linearity was found to be in the range of 0.060-10.0 µg/ml. Limits of detection and quantifcation were found to ~0.020 µg/ml and ~0.060 µg/ml, respectively. The developed method was found to be precise (RSD <1.5%, for repeatability and <2.55% for intermediate precision, acceptable ranges of precision), accurate (The recovered content of irinotecan in the presence of various P-gp modulators varied from 96.11-101.51%, within acceptable range, 80-120%), specifc and robust (% RSD <2). Developed method has been applied successfully for the evaluation of eleven P-gp modulators from diverse chemical class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-synapt mass spectrometric method (UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) for the analysis of curcumin (Cur), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) in Wistar rat brain homogenate was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 (2.1mm × 100 mm; 1.7μm) column using isocratic mobile phase, consisting of acetonitrile: 10mM ammonium formate: formic acid (90:10:0.05 v/v/v), at a flow rate of 0.2 ml min-1. The transitions occurred at m/z 367.0694/217.0598, 337.0717/173.0910, 307.0760/187.0844 for Cur, DMC, BDMC and m/z 307.0344/229.0677 for the IS (Nimesulide) respectively. The recovery of the analytes from Wistar rat brain homogenate was optimized using liquid-liquid extraction technique (LLE) in (ethyl acetate: chloform) mixture. The total run time was 3.0 min and the elution of Cur, DMC, BDMC occurred at 1.6, 1.75, 1.70 min, and for the IS 1.87 min, respectively. The linear dynamic range was established over the concentration range of 1.00 ng mL-1 to 1000.0 ng mL-1(r2; 0.9909 ± 0.0011, 0.9911 ± 0.003, and 0.9919 ± 0.0013) for Cur, DMC, and BDMC, respectively. The intra and inter-assay accuracy in terms of % CV for Cur, DMC, and BDMC was in the range 0.47-2.20, 0.47-1.65, and0.44-2.70, respectively. The lower limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) for Cur, DMC, and BDMC were 0.46, 0.05, 0.16 ng mL-1 and 0.153, 0.015, 0.052 ng mL-1, respectively. Analytes were stable and the method proved to be accurate (recovery, >85%), specific and was applied to evaluate the Cur, DMC, BDMC loaded PNIPAM NPs as vehicles for nose to brain drug delivery. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oral delivery of hydrophobic drug presents a major challenge because of the low aqueous solubility of such compounds. Self-emulsifying/microemulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS/SMEDDS), which are isotropic mixtures of oils, surfactants, solvents and co-solvents/surfactants, can be used for the design of formulations in order to improve the oral absorption of highly lipophilic drug compounds. The efficiency of oral absorption of said drug from such type of formulation depends on many formulation-related parameters, such as surfactant concentration, oil/surfactant ratio, polarity of the emulsion, droplet size and charge, all of which in essence determine the self-emulsification ability. Thus, only very specific pharmaceutical excipient combinations will lead to efficient self-emulsifying systems. With the growing interest in this field, there is an increasing need for guidelines in excipient selection to obtain effective delivery system with improved bioavailability. The aim of this review is to present the recent approaches in selecting the most appropriate lipid system(s); methods for its characterization and role of various excipients for improved delivery of dosage form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rapid, simple, sensitive, selective, precise and robust thin-layer chromatography densitometric method for the determination of free sterols in leech was developed and validated on silica gel layer using carbon tetrachloride–methanol–formic acid (9.5:1.5:0.55, v/v/v). Spectrodensitometric scanning was carried using a Camag TLC scanner III at 366 nm after spraying 2% methanolic sulphuric acid, which gave compact spots for cholesterol (RF = 0.35 ± 0.02). The regression analysis data for calibration plot implied a good linear relationship (r2 = 0.99958) between response and concentration over the range 100–600 ng per spot with respect to peak area. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 13.8 ± 0.51 and 45.01 ± 1.29 ng per spot, respectively. Validation was in accordance to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Cholesterol was subjected to forced stress conditions of oxidation, hydrolysis and heat. Degradation products resulting from the forced stress did not interfere with detection because the degradant peaks were well separated from the cholesterol peak. The densitometric method can be regarded as stability-indicating and can be used for quality control assay of cholesterol in leech extract. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Periodontitis is the most common localized dental inlammatory disease related with several pathological conditions like inlammation of gums (gingivitis), degeneration of periodontal ligament, dental cementum and alveolar bone loss. In this perspective, the various preventive and treatment modalities, including oral hygiene, gingival irrigations, mechanical instrumentation, full mouth disinfection, host modulation and antimicrobial therapy, which are used either as adjunctive treatments or as stand-alone therapies in the non-surgical management of periodontal infections, have been discussed. Intra-pocket, sustained release systems have emerged as a novel paradigm for the future research. In this article, special consideration is given to different locally delivered anti-microbial and anti inlammatory medications which are either commercially available or are currently under consideration for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. The various in vitro dissolution models and microbiological strain investigated to impersonate the infected and inflamed periodontal cavity and to predict the in vivo performance of treatment modalities have also been thrashed out. Animal models that have been employed to explore the pathology at the different stages of periodontitis and to evaluate its treatment modalities are enlightened in this proposed review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In this paper, simple, specific and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed in order to study decomposition of sertraline (SRT) under the hydrolytic stress conditions (acid, neutral, alkaline and oxidative). Materials and Methods: The best separation of SRT and its degradation products were achieved on reverse phase LiChoCART with Purospher (RP-18e) column. The mobile phase was composed of methanol/water (75:25, v/v). The detection wavelength was 273 nm. The method was validated and response was found to be linear in the drug concentration range of 10-200 µg ml-1 with correlation coefficient of 0.998. Results: The RSD values for intra- and inter-day precision were < 0.65 and < 0.72%, respectively. Employing RP-HPLC method, degradation products were detected in the exposed samples. Conclusion: It was found that the susceptibility of SRT to hydrolytic decomposition increased in following manner: Neutral condition < alkaline condition < acid condition < oxidative condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Humic acid (HA) is omnipresent in natural organic matter that is a macromolecular, negatively charged polyelectrolyte that contains a hydrophobic core. It is also present in a significant amount in Shilajit (used frequently in traditional medicines), which is used in this study as a source of extraction. HA is evaluated for the oral drug delivery of carbamazepine (CBZ). Objective: HA is used in this study to increase the dissolution, intestinal permeation, and pharmacodynamic response of CBZ (bio pharmaceutics classification system (BCS) II) by the technique of complexation and other related mechanism reported with humic substances. Methods: Different complexation techniques were explored in this study for the entrapment of CBZ, which was authenticated by molecular modeling and conformational analysis. These were further characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Solubility analysis and dissolution release profile were carried out to access the in vitro parameters. For ex vivo studies, rat gut intestinal permeability was done. And finally pharmacodynamic evaluation (maximal electroshock method) was carried out for optimized complexes. Results: Molecular modeling approach and instrumental analysis (DSC, XRD, and FT-IR) confirmed the entrapment of CBZ inside the complexing agent. Increased solubility (∼1742%), sustained release (∼78%), better permeability (∼3.5 times), and enhanced pharmacodynamic responses conferred the best to 1:2 freeze dried (FD) and then 1:2 kneading (KD) complexes compared with pure CBZ. Conclusion: Now it could be concluded that HA may be tried as a complexing agent for antiepileptic drug and other classes of low water-soluble drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of the work was to develop, characterize, and carry out a clinical trial with nano–atropine sulfate (nano-AS) dry powder inhaler (DPI), because this route may offer several advantages over the conventional intramuscular route as an emergency treatment, including ease of administration and more rapid bioavailability. Different batches of nanoparticles of AS were produced using variants of nanoprecipitation method. The influence of the process parameters, such as the types and quantity of solvent and nonsolvent, the stirring speed, the solvent-to-nonsolvent volume ratio, and the drug concentration, was investigated. The methodology resulted in optimally sized particles. Bulk properties of the particles made by the chosen methodology were evaluated. A clinical trial was conducted in six healthy individuals using a single DPI capsule containing 6 mg nano-AS DPI in lactose. Early blood bioavailability and atropinization pattern confirmed its value as a potential replacement to parenteral atropine in field conditions. The formulation seems to have the advantage of early therapeutic drug concentration in blood due to absorption through the lungs as well as sustained action due to absorption from the gut of the remaining portion of the drug. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Periodontitis, a major oral disease, affects a vast majority of the population but has been often ignored without realizing its long-fetched effects on overall human health. A realization in recent years of its association with severe diseases such as carditis, low birth weight babies, and preeclampsia has instigated dedicated research in this area. In the arena of periodontal medicines, the studies of past decades suggest a link between human periodontal afflictions and certain systemic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, respiratory disorders, preterm birth, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Although, the disease appears as a locoregional infection, the periodontal pathogens, in addition their metabolic products and systemic mediators, receive access to the bloodstream, thereby contributing to the development of systemic disorders. Mechanism-based insights into the disease pathogenesis and association are highly relevant and shall be useful in avoiding any systemic complications. This review presents an update of the mechanisms and relationships between chronic periodontal infection and systemic disorders. Attention is also given to highlighting the incidence in support of this relationship. In addition, an attempt is made to propose the various periodonto-therapeutic tools to apprise the readers about the availability of appropriate treatment for the disease at the earliest stage without allowing it to progress and cause systemic adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An insight into the complex cancer pathophysiology reveals that a dependable amelioration of the disease could only be envisaged with a multipronged treatment approach. It is highly evident that singular chemotherapeutic agents used in clinical practice have shown limitations like severe side effects, MDR and are often associated with poor QOL while combinations of drugs have yielded better therapeutic outcomes. The current hypothesis takes it a step forward wherein a chemotherapeutic agent is combined with a natural chemosensitizer, both loaded into a nanopotentiated particulate system, which would eventually deliver the drug cargo at the target site with certitude. The encapsulated natural bioactive would then favorably act on the tumor milieu through multiple portals and chemosensibilize the cells towards cytotoxic action of the synthetic drug moiety. This 2C (chemotherapeutic and chemosensitizer) approach along with nanosystem’s attributes like high payload, prolonged action and diminished side effects would proffer a more dependable treatment modality. In conclusion, the proposed system would be a value addition to the currently available armamentarium of cancer treatment tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rampant emergence of Candida albicans in the vagina and its ability to thrive as a biofilm has outstood the prevalence of candidal vulvovaginitis (CVV), a gender-based fungal infection approximately affecting 75% of the global female population. The biofilm represents a multidimensional microbial population, which often dictates prominent caveats of CVV such as increased fungal virulence, drug resistance and infection relapse/recurrence. Additionally, the conjugated issues of the ineffectiveness of conventional antifungals (azoles), prolonged treatment durations, compromised patient compliance, economic and social burden, exacerbates CVV complications as well. Henceforth, the current hypothesis narrates an investigational proposal for exploration and combination of naturally derived antibiofilm components with luliconazole (imidazole antifungal agent) as a new therapeutic paradigm against CVV. The purported hypothesis unravels a synergistic approach for fabricating Nanostructured Lipid Carriers, NLCs loaded transvaginal gel with dual APIs of natural (antibiofilm) as well as the synthetic (antifungal) origin to target high therapeutic efficacy, delivery, retention, controlled release and bioadhesion in a vaginal milieu. The multipronged effect of antibiofilm and antifungal agents will expectably enhance drug susceptibility thus, maintaining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against cells of C. albicans and targeting its biofilm in planktonic, adherent, and sessile phases. The effective disruption of a biofilm could further lower infection resistance and recurrence as well. In conclusion, the purported hypothesis could speed up the emergence of novel drug combinations and accelerates new product development with solid, synergistic, and complementary activities against C. albicans and its biofilm, making it amenable for generating pre-clinical and clinical results therebycreating a suitableroadmap for commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Escalating water contamination and scarcity concerns have fueled the drive for efficient waste remediation technologies. Conventional approaches, though effective, still come with limitations such as low efficacy, high costs, and generation of secondary contaminants. Various novel nanomaterials such as MXenes, (2D materials with the general formula of Mn+1Xn, M being an early transition metal, and X being carbon or nitrogen) and magnetic nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates to combat these issues. Among them, magnetic NPs/MXenes nanohybrids stand out for their enhanced features and prospective applications in photocatalytic contaminant removal from industrial wastewater. This is attributed to their adeptness in addressing the intrinsic constraints of MXenes encompassing challenges like aggregation, toxicity, limited recyclability, and high costs. By utilizing the synergistic effects of magnetic nanoparticles and MXenes, these nanohybrids demonstrate improved conductivity, a wide surface area, and greater light absorption, contributing to efficient pollutant degradation. These materials generally have an impressive degradation efficiency exceeding 90% against textile dyes and various pollutants, showcasing remarkable reusability over multiple cycles (> 3X). Various magnetic NPs/MXenes nanohybrids, including those based on iron, cobalt, nickel, ferrites, and perovskites, are thoroughly discussed in this paper, along with their efficacy in degrading pollutants. This paper is mainly focused on fulfilling the knowledge gap on NPs/MXenes in terms of synthesis, unique features, and photocatalytic potential. This review accentuates the potential of magnetic NPs/MXenes nanohybrids as a novel approach in the realm of water remediation by compiling the existing knowledge. Besides, this work suggests future research should be focused on the diversification of composite components and expansion of these photocatalysts for degradation of a wide variety of contaminants, including organic vapors in the air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel family of multifunctional nanomaterials called MXenes is quickly evolving, and it has potential applications that are comparable to those of graphene. This article provides a current explanation of the design and performance assessment of MXene-based membranes. The production of MXenes nanosheets are first described, with an emphasis on exfoliation, dispersion stability, and processability, which are essential elements for membrane construction. Further, critical discussion is also given to MXenes potential applications in Vacuum assisted filtration, casting method, Hot press method, electrospinning and electrochemical deposition and layer-by-layer assembly for the creation of MXene and MXene derived nanocomposite membranes. Additionally, the discussion is carried forward to give an insight to the modification methods for the construction of MXene-based membrane are described in the literature, including pure or intercalated nanomaterials, surface modifiers and miscellaneous two-dimensional nanomaterials. Furthermore, the review article highlights the potential utilization of MXene and MXene based membranes in separation and purification processes including removal of small organic molecules, heavy metals, oil-water separation and desalination. Finally, the perspective use of MXenes strong catalytic activity and electrical conductivity for specialized applications that are difficult for other nanomaterials to accomplish are discussed in conclusion and future prospectus section of the manuscript. Overall, important information is given to help the communities of materials science and membranes to better understand the potential of MXenes for creating cutting-edge separation and purification membranes. [Display omitted] • Innovative MXene-Derived Functional Hybrid Nanostructures Enhancing Water Purification Membranes. • Exploring Advanced Synthetic Approaches for MXene Nanosheets and MXene-Derived Membranes. • Tailoring MXene-Based Membranes: Insights into Effective Modification Techniques. • Exploring Boundaries and Charting Future Directions in MXene-Based Water Purification Membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The main objective of the study was to assess Knowledge of oral hygiene practices during the pandemic and its post-COVID-19 impact among the community of Delhi and NCR region. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among the local population of Delhi and NCR during April and May of 2022. Links to the survey were sent by email and several social media platforms, including WhatsApp. Before answering any questions on the questionnaire, participants were asked to read the study's information and provide their informed permission. Results: A total of 516 people did the survey and their responses were included in data analysis. 78 (15.12) agreed and 379 (73.455) said no access and 59(11.43%) said not always with a p-value<0.05. 464 (89.92%) agreed that they experienced anxiety and fear during COVID-19 related to their oral hygiene whereas 52 (10.08%) did not, with p-value<0.05. 406 (76.68%) agreed on receiving guidance and recommendations from a dental or a health professional to maintain or improve oral health during COVID-19 whereas 110 (21.32%) disagreed with p-value<0.05. Conclusion: Teledentistry was merely used; its use must be encouraged to provide online services to patients in such a pandemic situation. Yet people tried to change their oral hygiene habits and diet to improve their oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In India, the cosmetics industry has expanded significantly because of changing lifestyles and increased awareness. In terms of earning the most money from the personal care and cosmetics industry in 2021, India is ranked fourth globally. Many cosmetics sold in India include ingredients that cannot be used on humans. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the uses of cosmetics and cosmetovigilance in India. Methods: A cross‑sectional study was conducted, from April to May 2022, among the general population living in the Delhi NCR region, India. Study questionnaires (printed and survey link) were distributed in public as well as at workplaces for the survey. Results: Around 268 (54.78%) females and 223 (45.21%) males participated in the survey. Amongst the total respondents ‑ 407 (83%) agreed that they are using cosmetic products on a daily basis, females 229 (85.44%), being the majority users compared to males 178 (80%), with a significant P value = 0.011. Most of the people reported side effects of shampoos ‑ 7.13% (hair fall, hair thinning, dryness of the scalp, itching), followed by allergic reactions to moisturizers ‑ 5.70%. Conclusion: Because of the right safety and effectiveness mentorship of cosmetics, regulatory agencies and stakeholders should adopt this broadly. Cosmetovigilance needs to be put into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quercetin is the major polyphenolic flavonoid that belongs to the class called flavanols. It is found in many foods, such as green tea, cranberry, apple, onions, asparagus, radish leaves, buckwheat, blueberry, broccoli, and coriander. It occurs in many different forms, but the most abundant quercetin derivatives are glycosides and ethers, namely, Quercetin 3-O-glycoside, Quercetin 3-sulfate, Quercetin 3-glucuronide, and Quercetin 3′-metylether. Quercetin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. It is found to be beneficial against cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neuro-degenerative diseases, allergy asthma, peptic ulcers, osteoporosis, arthritis, and eye disorders. In pre-clinical and clinical investigations, its impacts on various signaling pathways and molecular targets have demonstrated favorable benefits for the activities mentioned above, and some global clinical trials have been conducted to validate its therapeutic profile. It is also utilized as a nutraceutical due to its pharmacological properties. Although quercetin has several pharmacological benefits, its clinical use is restricted due to its poor water solubility, substantial first-pass metabolism, and consequent low bioavailability. To circumvent this limited bioavailability, a quercetin-based nanoformulation has been considered in recent times as it manifests increased quercetin uptake by the epithelial system and enhances the delivery of quercetin to the target site. This review mainly focuses on pharmacological action, clinical trials, patents, marketed products, and approaches to improving the bioavailability of quercetin with the use of a nanoformulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The current work aims to develop a bigel-containing clobetasol propionate-loaded PLGA microparticles and further assess its in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo behavior for psoriasis management. PLGA microparticles (2%w/w) containing clobetasol propionate were developed by solvent evaporation technique. For the developed particles, size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and surface morphology were determined. Further, the particles were suspended into bigel developed from oleogel and hydrogel (40:60) and assessed for stability, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation, retention, and in vivo study in BALB c mice for antipsoriatic potential. PLGA microparticles developed by solvent evaporation were found to have a mean particle size of 19.45 ± 1.74 μm. Drug loading and entrapment efficiency for clobetasol were found to be 43.5 ± 4.94% and 94.5 ± 3.68%, respectively. For the developed bigel, sustained in vitro drug release was observed till 7 h. Ex vivo skin permeation with the developed formulation was found to be higher than the marketed formulation and drug suspended in bigel. A retention study performed on pig skin suggested the topical skin retention of the drug. Further, the psoriatic model was developed in BALB c mice with IMQ cream, and it was observed that the developed formulation helped considerably reduce the irritation score and PASI scoring in mice as compared to the standard treatment. The same is corroborated with the help of histopathological studies performed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining in the same animals. The study findings suggest that clobetasol microparticle-loaded bigel formulation appeared to be a promising therapy option for psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) (CR) is a popular herb and is medically lauded for ameliorating myriad symptoms associated with menopause. However, its pharmaceutical limitations and non-availability of a patient-compliant drug delivery approach have precluded its prevalent use. Henceforth, the current research premise is aimed at developing an ethosomal gel incorporating triterpene enriched fraction (TEF) obtained from CR and evaluating its effectiveness through the transdermal application. TEF-loaded ethosomes were formulated using solvent injection, optimized and characterised. The optimized ethosomes were then dispersed into a polymeric gel base to form ethosomal gel which was further compared with the conventional gel by in-vitro and ex-vivo experiments. Here, the quality by design (QbD) approach was exploited for the optimization and development of ethosomal gel. The elements of QbD comprising initial risk assessment, design of experimentation (DoE), and model validation for the development of formulation have all been described in detail. The optimized ethosomes (F03) showed a nanometric size range, negative zeta potential and good entrapment. The in vitro release profile of gel revealed a burst release pattern following the Korsmeyer Peppas model having Fickian diffusion. The transdermal flux of ethosomal gel was observed to be more than that of conventional gel. Texture analysis and rheological characterization of the gel, revealed good strength showing shear thinning and pseudoplastic behaviour. The confocal microscope investigation revealed the deeper skin permeation of ethosomal gel than conventional gel. This result was further strengthened by DSC, IR and histological assessment of the animal skin (Wistar rat), treated with the optimized formulation. Conclusively, the implementation of QbD in the formulation resulted in a better understanding of the process and the product. It aids in the reduction of product variability and defects, hence improving product development efficiencies. Additionally, the ethosomal gel was found to be a more effective and successful carrier for TEF than the conventional gel through the transdermal route. Moreover, this demands an appropriate animal study, which is underway, for a stronger outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the successful commercial exploitation of 3D printing technology, the advanced version of additive manufacturing, i.e., 4D printing, has been a new buzz in the technology-driven industries since 2013. It is a judicious combination of 3D printing technologies and smart materials (stimuli responsive), where time is the fourth dimension. Materials such as liquid crystal elastomer (LCE), shape memory polymers, alloys and composites exhibiting properties such as self–assembling and self-healing are used in the development/manufacturing of these products, which respond to external stimuli such as solvent, temperature, light, etc. The technologies being used are direct ink writing (DIW), fused filament fabrication (FFF), etc. It offers several advantages over 3D printing and has been exploited in different sectors such as healthcare, textiles, etc. Some remarkable applications of 4D printing technology in healthcare are self-adjusting stents, artificial muscle and drug delivery applications. Potential of applications call for further research into more responsive materials and technologies in this field. The given review is an attempt to collate all the information pertaining to techniques employed, raw materials, applications, clinical trials, recent patents and publications specific to healthcare products. The technology has also been evaluated in terms of regulatory perspectives. The data garnered is expected to make a strong contribution to the field of technology for human welfare and healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was aimed to develop chitosan-coated enamel adhesive device of CAP-P 407 (Cellulose acetate phthalate-Poloxamer 407), loaded with MNC (Minocycline) for sustained release and site-specific drug delivery system for the carious lesion. The average tensile strength and in-vitro drug release of uncoated dental film were found to be 15.97 kg/mm2 and 98.11% in 24 h, respectively. The average in-vitro mucoadhesion time and tooth adhesion strength of the finished product was found to be 249 minutes and 268 g, respectively. In-vitro antimicrobial study showed the drug concentration is well above MIC even after 8 hours of drug release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Treatment of skin cancer demands targeted delivery without minimal systemic circulation for maximum therapeutic window. Dermal delivery with nano-formulation offers such advantages. Therefore, present study aims to formulate Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLC NPs) loaded with Apigenin (API) for dermal delivery using quality by design (QbD) approach for effective permeation resulting in improved bioavailability. Apigenin loaded LLC NPs (API-LLC NPs) were formulated and optimized by applying risk assessment and design of experiments (Box-Behnken Design). The optimized API-LLC NPs showed particle size, PdI and entrapment efficiency of 287.7 ± 9.53 nm, 0.152 ± 0.051 and 80 ± 2.2 % respectively. The optimized API-LLC NPs were characterized for morphology and crystallinity using optical microscopy, TEM, DSC and PXRD. In vitro and ex vivo studies showed sustained release and better permeation profile. CLSM study presented better penetration of API-LLC NPs which were quantitatively confirmed with dermatokinetics. Cytotoxic efficacy assessed on B16F10 cell lines showed a dose-dependent efficacy of API-LLC NPs with an IC 50 of 45.74 ± 0.05. In a nutshell, the developed API-LLC NPs exhibit excellent potential for targeting deeper skin layers thereby can be considered a promising topical drug delivery nanocarrier in the treatment and management of skin cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, a nanoemulgel of minocycline was formulated and optimized for an improved drug delivery and longer retention time in the targeted area. Combining eucalyptus oil, Tween 20, and Transcutol HP, different o/w nanoemulsions were formulated by the oil phase titration method and optimized by pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. The morphology, droplet size, viscosity, and refractive index of the thermodynamically stable nanoemulsion were determined. Furthermore, optimized nanoemulsion was suspended in 1.0% w/v of Carbopol 940 gel to formulate the nanoemulgel, and for this, pH, viscosity, and spreadability were determined and texture analysis was performed. To compare the extent of drug penetration between nanoemulsion and nanoemulgel, ex vivo skin permeation studies were conducted with Franz diffusion cell using rat skin as the permeation membrane, and the nanoemulgel exhibited sustained-release behavior. It can be concluded that the suggested minocycline-containing naoemulgel is expected to treat acne rosacea more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]