201. Autophagy is not universally required for phosphatidyl-serine exposure and apoptotic cell engulfment during neural development
- Author
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Patricia Boya, María Angeles Mellén, and Enrique J. de la Rosa
- Subjects
Programmed cell death ,Engulfment ,Neurogenesis ,Apoptosis ,Chick Embryo ,Phosphatidylserines ,Biology ,Retinal ganglion cells ,Retinal ganglion ,Retina ,Avian Proteins ,Autophagy ,In Situ Nick-End Labeling ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Tissue homeostasis ,Neurons ,Eye morphogenesis ,Membrane Glycoproteins ,Neuroepithelial cells ,Cell Biology ,Embryonic stem cell ,Cell biology ,Neuroepithelial cell ,Retinal development - Abstract
9 páginas, 6 figuras -- PAGS nros. 964-972, Apoptosis and autophagy are physiological processes implicated in the maintenance of cell and tissue homeostasis. We took advantage of the existence of multiple phases of developmental cell death in the embryonic chick retina and of the availability of short-term organotypic retinal cultures to explore the possible relationship between apoptosis and autophagy during neural development. We examined retinas at embryonic day 5, an early stage at which cell death is related to eye morphogenesis and to retinal ganglion cell generation, as well as at embryonic day 9, when cell death is associated with neurotrophic support of the retinal ganglion cells. Exposure to 3-methyl-adenine, a classical inhibitor of autophagy, elicited a selective accumulation of apoptotic bodies in the dorsotemporal area of embryonic day 5 retinas where neurogenesis is taking place. This accumulation was correlated with a blockage of phosphatidyl-serine presentation and, consequently, with a lack of engulfment of the dying cells by their neighbors. In striking contrast, none of these phenomena were observed in association with cell death in the optic nerve and optic fissure at embryonic day 5, or in embryonic day 9 retinas. Our data suggest that autophagy is essential for phosphatidyl-serine presentation by apoptotic cells during the phase of cell death associated to neurogenesis, but this is not a universal requirement for all phases of cell death occurring during retinal development, This research was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (BFU2006-00508 to P.B. and SAF2007-66175 to E.J.dl.R.) and the Comunidad de Madrid (CCG06-CSIC/SAL-0821 to P.B.). M.A.M. is a FPU Fellow and P.B. is a Ramón y Cajal Fellow (both Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación programs)
- Published
- 2009