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Interspecies embryo transfer is a seldom-used method to increase the successful conservation of endangered species. The study aimed to determine the potential development of interspecies reconstructed embryos. The present study used two animal models, Campbell hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) and mice (Mus musculus). The isolated inner cell mass (ICM) of hamster embryos were injected into the mice embryos. The embryos were transferred to the pseudopregnant mice using non-surgery embryos transfer methods. The fetuses were collected at day 13.5 of gestation for morphometric measurement and cytochrome b (Cyt b) analysis which used to determine the species of obtained fetuses. The results showed that the viability, pregnancy rate, and embryonic implantation ability of the interpecies reconstructed embryos did not differ significantly (p>0.05) compared to non-reconstructed embryos. Morphometric measurement showed that the crown-rump (CR) and the weight of fetuses in the reconstructed group were significantly higher than non-reconstructed group (p

Daerah Lamongan terutama di kecamatan Ngimbang mayoritas kondisi alam nya hanya ada persawahan dan hutan. Apalagi di daerah Dsn. Tingan, Ds. Ganggangtingan yang terkenal karena terdapat banyak pohon kelor. Dengan alasan tersebut, Home industri “StiksQu” melihat peluang dengan memproduksi camilan yang terbuat dari campuran sayur yang menyehatkan (kelor). Tetapi Lama kelamaan bisnis stik sayur kelor ini memiliki tingkat persaingan yang tinggi dan ketat sehingga diperlukan inovasi dan pendampingan agar home industri ini tidak gulung tikar.. Adapun permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah (1) Sarana dan prasarana dalam bidang produksi kurang memadai, (2) belum diberikan kemasan yang baik pada produk stik yang dipasarkan dan (3) belum diberikan labelling untuk mengenalkan produknya. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dengan pendampingan dan praktik Prosedur rencana kegiatan dibagi 5 tahap yaitu tahap observasi, perencanaan (plan), pelaksanaan kegiatan (do), refleksi (see), dan penyusunan laporan. Setelah diadakan kegiatan pengabdian ini, home industri “StiksQu” dapat memproduksi stik yang berbahan dasar kelor dengan berbagai macam varian yaitu original, pedas, keju. Serta memiliki pengetahuan tentang cara pengembangan bisnis usaha yang baik meliputi segi produksi dengan cara memberikan gilingan pasta, pengemasan lebih bervariatif, serta pemasaran secara online (media sosial). Kata kunci: peningkatan; olahan Kelor; produk kemasan. ABSTRACTThe Lamongan area, especially in the Ngimbang sub-district, the majority of its natural conditions are only rice fields and forests. Especially in the Dsn area. Tinan, Ds. Ganggangtingan is famous for its many Moringa trees. For this reason, the Home industry "StiksQu" sees an opportunity by producing snacks made from a healthy mixture of vegetables (moringa). But over time the moringa vegetable stick business has a high and tight level of competition so innovation and assistance are needed so that this home industry does not go out of business. The problems faced are (1) inadequate facilities and infrastructure in the production sector, (2) not yet given good packaging on the stick products that are marketed and (3) has not been given labeling to introduce the product. The method used in this community service activity is with assistance and practice. The activity plan procedure is divided into 5 stages, namely the observation stage, planning (plan), activity implementation (do), reflection (see), and report preparation. After this service activity was held, the home industry "StiksQu" was able to produce sticks made from moringa with various variants, namely original, spicy, cheese. And have knowledge about how to develop a good business business including in terms of production by providing pasta mills, more varied packaging, and online marketing (social media). Keywords: improvement; moringa processed; packaged products.

Professor Mubyarto’s name is often associated with the concept of the Panfcasila economy.1 But in a narrower scope, a prominent theme can be found in his writings—namely, the problem of unequal dis...

The present study was conducted to determine what the optimum dose and time of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) injections in Kacang does to increase endogenous secretion of estrogen and progesterone without increasing the number of ovulating follicles above the normal range. Forty-eight Kacang does were assigned to a 3 × 4factorial randomized experimental design with 4 replications. The first factor was the dose of PMSG injection, and it consisted of three levels: 0, 7.5, and 15 IU/kg body weight (BW). The second factor was the time of PMSG injection at the four stages of follicular development: the pre-luteolytic, luteolytic, pre-antral, and antral stages. The experimental goats were injected twice with prostaglandin to synchronize their estrous cycles. The parameters measured included the number and diameter of the dominant follicles and serum estrogen concentrations during the pre-ovulatory period and the number and diameter of corpora lutea and serum progesterone concentrations during the post-ovulatory period. The diameter of each dominant follicle and corpus luteum was also calculated. The results showed that an increased dose of PMSG injection significantly increased the numbers, total diameters, and diameter of each dominant follicle and corpus luteum, as well as serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations ( P 0.05). The time of PMSG injection significantly affected all parameters ( P 0.05), except for the diameter of each dominant follicle and corpus luteum. There was a significant effect of the dose and time of injection of PMSG on all parameters, except on the diameter of each dominant follicle and corpus luteum. Average pre-ovulatory serum estrogen concentrations and post-ovulatory serum progesterone concentrations in does injected with 7.5 IU/kg BW at the luteolytic stage increased by 133.68% and 545.11%, respectively. Injection of PMSG during the pre-antral and antral stages also increased estradiol and progesterone secretion to a lesser degree without increasing the number of ovulating follicles and corpora lutea. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that injection of 7.5 IU PMSG/kg BW at the luteolytic stage could be used to increase the secretion of pregnancy hormones without increasing the number of ovulating follicles and corpora lutea above the normal ranges.

Cangkok konjungtiva sudah lama digunakan pada bidang oftalmologi. Metode yang digunakan saat ini untuk menempelkan cangkok konjungtiva adalah menggunakan teknik jahitan dan lem fibrin. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji coba menggunakan lem albumin pada cangkok konjungtiva kelinci sebagai alternatif lain selain menggunakan teknik jahitan dalam penempelan cangkok konjungtiva. Tujuan penelitian adalah membandingkan penyembuhan luka cangkok konjungtiva bulbi antara teknik lem albumin dan jahitan pada mata kelinci. Dilakukan animalexperimental study pada 32 mata (16 ekor kelinci) di PT. Bio Farma (Persero) dan laboratorium Histologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran dari bulan Maret 2014–Juli 2014, terbagi kelompok teknik lem albumin dan teknik jahitan. Dilakukan pemeriksaan meliputi perbandingan derajat perlekatan cangkok konjungtiva bulbi pada teknik lem albumin dan teknik jahitan yang diamati hari-1 pascabedah serta dilakukan pemeriksaan histologis secara mikroskopik untuk mendapatkan data celah luka yang diamati 10 menit dan hari-7 pascabedah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Mann-Whitney test for small sample . Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan perlekatan cangkok konjungtiva bulbi secara bermakna lebih kuat pada teknik lem albumin (derajat 4) dibanding dengan teknik jahitan (derajat 2 dan 3) pada hari-1 pascabedah dengan nilai p=0,000 serta terdapat perbedaan celah luka ( wound gap ) bermakna antara teknik lem albumin (0–0,33 µm) dan jahitan (5,33–14 µm) (p=0,0005)pada cangkok konjungtiva dilihat sepuluh menit pascabedah dan pada hari-7 pascabedah untuk teknik lem albumin (0 µm) dan teknik jahitan (0,33–4 µm) dengan nilai p=0,0005. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah derajat perlekatan jaringan cangkok pada teknik lem albumin lebih baik dibanding dengan jahitan hari-1 pascabedah, sedangkan celah luka lebih kecil pada teknik lem albumin dibanding dengan teknik jahitan pada pengamatan 10 menit dan hari-7 pascabedah. [MKB. 2016;48(4):241–8] Kata kunci: Jahitan, lem albumin, penyembuhan luka konjungtiva Egg Albumin as Adhesive in Conjunctival Graft Surgery CConjunctival graft has been frequently used in the field of ophthalmology. The frequently used methods to attach a conjunctival graft are suture technique and the use of fibrin glue. This study was to investigate albumin glue as an alternative to suture technique in attaching conjunctival grafts in rabbits. The aim of this study was to compare the conjunctival wound healing between albumin glue and suture technique in rabbit eye as a model. This was an experimental animal study that included 32 eyes (16 rabbits) conducted at PT. Bio Farma (Persero) and the Histology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran from March 2014 to July 2104. The subjects in this study were divided into albumin glue group and suture technique group. The examinations were comparison of conjunctival graft attachment and histologic microscopic examination to assess the wound gap. Data analysis was performed statistically using Mann-Whitney test for small sample. The statistical analysis results showed that the graft attachment was significantly better when using albumin glue (grade 4) compared to suture (grade 2–3) on day-1 after surgery (p=0.000). The wound gap was smaller using albumin glue (0-0,33 µm versus 5,33-14 µm; p0.0005) 10 minutes after surgery and 0 µm versus 0.33–4 µm, p 0,0005, on day-7 after surgery. In conclusion, graft attachment using albumi n glue is better and the wound gap is smaller when using albumin glue compared to the suture technique. [ MKB . 2016;48(4):241–8] Key words: Albumin glue, conjunctival wound healing, suture

Objective This study aimed to examine the effect of vitrification on apoptosis and survival in human preantral follicles after thawing. Methods This experimental study was conducted at an acute tertiary care hospital from March 2012 to April 2013. Ovaries were sliced into 5×5×1-mm pieces and divided into the following three groups: preantral follicle isolation, ovarian tissue vitrification-warming followed by follicle isolation, and immunohistochemistry of fresh ovarian tissue. For statistical analyses, the Student t-test, chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used. Results A total of 161 preantral follicles (70% secondary) were collected from ovarian cortex tissue of six women between 30 and 37 years of age who underwent oophorectomy due to cervical cancer or breast cancer. There were no significant differences in the follicular morphology of fresh preantral follicles and vitrified follicles after thawing. The mean Fas ligand (FasL) mRNA expression level was 0.43±0.20 (relative to β-actin) in fresh preantral follicles versus 0.51±0.20 in vitrified follicles (p=0.22). The mean caspase-3 mRNA expression level in fresh preantral follicles was 0.56±0.49 vs. 0.27±0.21 in vitrified follicles (p=0.233). One vitrified-thawed secondary follicle grew and developed to an antral follicle within 6 days of culture. Conclusion Vitrification did not affect preantral follicle morphology or mRNA expression of the apoptosis markers FasL and caspase-3. Further studies are required to establish whether vitrification affects the outcomes of in vitro culture and the maturation of preantral follicles.

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh sosialisasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi dengan kesadaran wajib pajak orang pribadi sebagai variabel mediasi. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi yang telah terdaftar di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Semarang Tengah Dua yang berjumlah 10.661 wajib pajak. Perhitungan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus slovin, sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 100 kuesioner yang disebarkan langsung di KPP Pratama Semarang Tengah Dua atas izin pejabat yang berwenang dalam KPP tersebut. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan menggunakan program WarpPLS 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel sosialisasi perpajakan dapat mempengaruhi kesadaran wajib pajak sebesar 50,4% dan sosialisasi perpajakan, dan kesadaran wajib pajak dapat mempengaruhi kepatuhan wajib pajak sebesar 58,5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sosialisasi perpajakan berpengaruh positif terhadap kesadaran wajib pajak orang pribadi, sosialisasi perpajakan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi, kesadaran wajib pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi, serta kesadaran wajib pajak memediasi pengaruh sosialisasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi.Kata kunci : Sosialisasi Perpajakan; Kesadaran Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi; Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi

The purpose of this research was to study the changes in uterine support capability power due to increase of litter size in Kacang goat. In this study, 9 pregnant female Kacang goats were divided into 4 different groups based on litter size, namely 1, 2, 3, and 4. At 7 weeks of pregnancy, the experimental Kacang goats were sacrificed to observe the macro and micro parameters of the uterus. The results showed that the litter size had a quadratic relationship with micro parameters of uterus but it had a linear relationship with macro parameters of the uterus. The variables of uterine glands area, glands lumen area, and cytoplasmic area reached maximum condition at the litter size of 2.5. Litter size had a linear relationship with the volume, weight, and dimension of the uterus. It can be concluded that the optimal number of litter size in Kacang goat was two offsprings which was proven by the optimal function of the uterus to support fetal development.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Assisted Individualization (TAI) berbantuan study card terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa di SMPN 2 Tembelang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian Quasy Experimental Design dan desain penelitian The Nonequivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengambilan sampel mudah atau convenience sampling. Dari hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji-t Independent Sample T-Test menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang diterapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Assisted Individualization (TAI) berbantuan study card lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil belajar siswa yang diterapkan model pembelajaran langsung. Dari hasil uji-t diperoleh nilai sig.(2-tailed) = 0.010 dan α = 0,05 sehingga sig < α maka H0 ditolak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan hasil belajar matematika siswa antara kelas menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Assisted Individualization (TAI) berbantuan study card dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung. Karena ada perbedaan, maka menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Assisted Individualization (TAI) study card terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa di SMPN 2 Tembelang.Kata kunci: : Pengaruh, Kooperatif, TAI, Hasil Belajar, Study Card

Media Komik Matematika adalah suatu buku yang berisi gambar mengenai penjelasan tentang materi matematika yang dikemas dalam alur cerita sehingga memberikan ketertarikan minat untuk dibaca . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh media komik matematika terhadap minat belajar dan hasil belajar siswa MTsN 5 Jombang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif korelasional yang dilaksanakan di MTsN 5 Jombang. Pengambilan yansampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Didapatkan 50 siswa dengan 25 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol dan 25 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar tes dan lembar angket. Lembar tes terdiri dari 5 butir soal dan lembar angket terdiri dari 20 butir pernyataan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Ada pengaruh signifikan media komik matematika terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig < α yaitu 0.000 < 0,05. (2) Ada pengaruh media komik matematika terhadap minat belajar siswa yang ditunjukkan dengan persentase rata-rata skor minat belajar ialah 85,48% dimana minat belajar siswa tergolong dalam kriteria sangat tinggi Kata kunci: : Media Komik Matematika, Minat Belajar, Hasil Belajar, Aritmatika Sosial

The use of cryoprotectants for the cryopreservation of human spermatozoa, oocytes, zygote, earlycleavage stage of embryos and blastocyst is an integral part of almost every human In Vitro Fertilizationprogram. Moreover, the cryopreservation of these types of cells by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen (-196°C) usually requires a high concentration of cryoprotectant with a consequent of cytotoxic effect. Theaim of this study was to observe the effect of ethylene glycol concentration on the spermatozoa recoveryrate following vitrification process. Earle’s balanced salt solution + 0.25 M sukrosa + 1 % human albumineserum as basic solution supplemented with some different concentrations of etylene glycol (ie: 36.25%;18.25%; 9.12%; 4.56%; 1.14% and 0.57%) were used to evaluate the motility and viability of spermatozoafollowing vitrification. Human’s spermatozoa from ejaculates with progressive motility and viability above50% were used as samples. Samples were mixed with vitrification solution and then loaded into 0.25 mLstraws, equilibrated for 10 minutes at room temperature before plunged into liquid nitrogen. Spermatozoathawing was done at 24 hours after the vitrification. The results showed that, the decrease of spermatozoamotility and viability were observed at the highest (100%, 96.70%, respectively) in the samples that wereadded with vitrification medium contained 36.25% of ethylene glycol. On the other hand, the decrease ofthe spermatozoa motility and viability were found at the lowest (14.11%, 43.81 %, respectively) in thesamples without ethylene glycol supplementation. It can be concluded that the highest spermatozoa recoveryrate was obtained from the vitrification using a low concentration of ethylene glycol.

Background: Dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) is a common cryoprotective agent widely used in cell preservation system. Me2SO is currently known to cause epigenetic changes which are critical in stem cells development and cellular differentiation. Therefore, it is imperative to develop cryopreservation techniques that protect cellular functions and avert Me2SO adverse effect. Trehalose was able to protect organism in extreme condition such as dehydration and cold. This study aimed to verify the protective effect of trehalose preincubation procedure in cryopreservation.Methods: The study was conducted using experimental design. Thawed mesenchymal (CD271+) stem cells from YARSI biorepository were used for the experiment. Trehalose preincubation was performed for 1 hour, internalized trehalose was confirmed by FTIR-ATR measurement. Three groups consisted of (1) cryopreserved without trehalose preincubation, (2) cryopreserved with trehalose preincubation, and (3) did not undergo cryopreservation were evaluated after 24 hours in LN2 for viability in culture. The absorbance from each group was measured at 450 nm. The analysis performed using paired student t test.Results: Viability of thawed mesenchymal (CD271+) stem cells that undergo trehalose preincubation prior cryopreservation was significantly higher (p

Contribution of Garut breed sheep as protein resources is not optimal yet. Acceleration of population growth such as increasing of female offspring is neccesary. This study was carried out to obtain information regarding the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (PKAR: meq [(Na + K) – (Cl+S)/100 g of dry matter]) and fish oil supplementation on acidity of blood and semen, blood gas and plasma and semen mineral. The dietary treatmens were as follows: RN0= basal ration (PKAR +14) without fish oil, RNI= basal ration (PKAR +14) with 3% fish oil, RB0= base ration (PKAR +40) without fish oil, RBI= base ration (PKAR +40) with 3% fish oil, RA0= acid ration (PKAR -40) without fish oil, and RAI= acid ration (PKAR -40) with 3% fish oil. The rations contained 150 ppm of zinc and were offered to 18 of Garut rams. The result indicated that blood pH, pCO2, and pO2 were not affected by PKAR and fish oil supplementation, but cHCO3 and cBase were affected (P

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) and fish oil supplementations on dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD), weight gain, as well as the acidity of urine in Garut breed rams. The experiment was done based on randomized group design with 6 treatments and 3 groups. The dietary treatments were as follows: R0= basal ration (DCAD +14) without fish oil, R1 = basal ration (DCAD +14) with 3% fish oil, R2 = base ration (DCAD +40) without fish oil, R3 = base ration (DCAD +40) with 3% fish oil, R4 = acid ration (DCAD -40) without fish oil, and R5 = acid ration (DCAD -40) with 3% fish oil. All rations contained 150 ppm of zinc and were offered to 18 of Garut breed rams. The results indicated that DCAD +40 and -40 decreased DMI significantly. The ration with DCAD +40 had the lowest DMI. Fish oil supplementation decreased DMI. No differences were observed for DMD and OMD. DCAD +40 and -40 decreased body weight of rams. However, the body weight of rams was very low. Variation of urine pH followed the DCAD pattern. It was concluded that DCAD +40 and -40, as well as fish oil supplementations decreased DMI, body weight and urine pH followed the DCAD pattern.

This study was aimed to optimize the spermatozoa cryopreservation protocol in Albino pangasius catfish by assessing the effectiveness of different cryoprotectant concentrations and different time of equilibration. The first experiment was conducted to optimize the combination of 10% methanol with different concentration of skim milk (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The second experiment was aimed to optimize different equilibration time (10, 20, and 30 minutes). Deep freezer was used for the cryopreservation with a temperature of -80 °C at a storage period of 8 days. The first study found that the viability and motility of sperm after cryopreservation was significantly different (P

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of blastocyst elective single embryo transfer (eSET) and double embryo transfer (DET) in reducing low birth weight, preterm birth, and perinatal mortality in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles of Indonesian women. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at Morula IVF Clinic, Jakarta, Indonesia. A total of 179 women who underwent either eSET or DET and had met the eligibility criteria were included. Seventy-six women underwent eSET while 103 underwent DET in their IVF cycles. Low birth-weight rate, preterm birth rate, and perinatal mortality rate of both groups were measured as the primary study outcomes. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rate, Apgar score, multiple pregnancy, and maternal complications during pregnancy were also evaluated. Results: The risk of low birth weight [odds ratio (OR)=0.21, 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.10-0.45, P< 0.001] and preterm birth (0R=0.25, 95% CI: 0.13-0.49, P< 0.001) was significantly lower in the eSET group compared with the DET group. Furthermore, eSET efficiently reduced the incidence of NICU admission and multiple pregnancy (P=0.01 and P< 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed in terms of perinatal mortality rate, Apgar score, and maternal complications including gestational diabetes, preeclampsia as well as pregnancy-induced hypertension (P>0.05). However, a lower incidence of antepartum hemorrhage was noticed in the eSET group than in the DET group (P=0.03). Conclusions: Compared with DET, infants conceived through IVF cycles with eSET have a significantly lower risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, and NICU admissions. Moreover, eSET is shown to reduce multiple pregnancy rate, yet no significant differences are observed in the perinatal mortality rates, Apgar score and maternal complications (except for the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage) between both groups.

Background: Transfer of more than one embryo following in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles have increased pregnancy rate at the cost of increasing the incidence of triplets and twins. It has been proposed that prolonged culture to the blastocyst stage would automatically result in the selection of good quality embryos for transfer and minimize the incidence of triplets and twins.

Sperms are vulnerable to oxidative stress due to the high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids within their membranes. This condition could decrease sperms quality during preservation. β-carotene is among antioxidants able to neutralize reactive oxygen species, natural by-products of oxygen metabolism in sperms. This study was done to investigate the capability and protective effect of this antioxidant on motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, and plasma membrane integrity of frozen-thawed sperms of Aceh swamp buffalo. The study was conducted using completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Fresh semen was diluted in egg-yolk tris-based extenders with the addition of antioxidant of 0% (w/v) (control, P0), 0.625% (w/v) (P1), 1.25% (w/v) (P2), and 2.5% (w/v) (P3) prior to freezing. Variables of sperms quality examined were motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, and plasma membrane integrity of semen after dilution, equilibration, and thawing. Semen having the best post-thawing quality after β-carotene treatment was used for artificial insemination (AI) for accessing its pregnancy rate. The results showed that the addition of 0.625% (w/v) β-carotene (P1) resulted in the highest motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, and plasma membrane integrity. Pregnancy rate of buffalo inseminated with semen treated with 0.625% β-carotene (P1) was 50%. In conclusion, administration of 0.625% β-carotene was able to maintain and could protect motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, and plasma membrane integrity of frozen sperms of Aceh swamp buffalo that are good for artificial insemination.

Peningkatan penggunaan telepon genggam diiringi dengan peningkatan kepedulian masyarakatterhadap bidang kesehatan dan keamanan terkait emisi gelombang elektromagnetik yang berasaldari telepon genggam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat keamanan paparan gelombangelektromagnetik telepon genggam melalui pengamatan terhadap jumlah implantasi dan anak lahirdengan menggunakan mencit sebagai hewan model. Dua puluh empat ekor mencit betina disinkronisasidan dikawinkan dengan mencit jantan dengan perbandingan jantan dan betina 1:1 (single mating).Pemaparan dilakukan dengan gelombang berfrekuensi 900 MHz selama 7 hari pertama setelah mencitkawin. Mencit betina dibagi ke dalam empat kelompok berdasarkan lamanya waktu paparan. Waktupaparan adalah satu, dua, dan empat kali per hari dengan masing-masing lama paparan 15 menit untukkelompok pertama, kedua, dan ketiga, sementara kelompok keempat sebagai kelompok kontrol tidakdiberikan paparan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh nyata lama paparan gelombangelektromagnetik telepon genggam terhadap jumlah implantasi dan anak lahir dari induk yang terpapar(P>0,05). Untuk seluruh kelompok, jumlah implantasi berkisar antara 8,66 sampai dengan 10,00 danjumlah anak lahir berkisar antara 10,00 sampai dengan 12,33; tidak berbeda nyata dengan nilai padakelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, lama paparan gelombang elektromagnetik yang berasaldari telepon genggam dalam penelitian ini masih berada dalam tingkat aman untuk mencit bunting.