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1,686 results on '"Black, Donald"'

202. Efficacy and safety of a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, in patients with hypertriglyceridemia

Author

Bakker-Arkema, Rebecca G., Davidson, Michael H., Goldstein, Robert J., Davignon, Jean, Isaccsohn, Jonathan L., Weiss, Stuart R., Keilson, Leonard M., Brown, W. Virgil, Miller, Valery T., Shurzinske, Linda J., and Black, Donald M.

Subjects
Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductases -- Physiological aspects, Enzyme inhibitors -- Evaluation, Hyperlipidemia -- Drug therapy
Abstract

The new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, appears to reduce elevated blood levels of triglycerides. Elevated triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease. Researchers randomized 55 people with elevated triglycerides into one of four groups: groups that would take 5 milligrams (mg), 20 mg or 80 mg of atorvastatin and a group that would take a placebo. All of the volunteers were on a low-cholesterol diet. After two weeks, atorvastatin had lowered triglyceride levels from 26.5% to 45.8% on average, depending on the dose. Higher doses led to greater reductions. In addition, the drug lowered total cholesterol and LDL and VLDL cholesterol, all of which are risk factors for coronary artery disease when elevated. Ten percent of the people taking the drug experienced an adverse effect, which included headache, pain, diarrhea and flatulence. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are usually used to reduce elevated cholesterol levels.

Published
1996

205. Letters

Author

Adkins, Ferrell, Schultz, Michael W., Leddy, Daniel D., Sweeney, Michael J., Aspen, Marvin, Kelly, Thomas J., Morrow, Alice Mills, Iovino, Peter, Rooney, John P., Ferber, Peggy Lynn, Black, Donald R., and Benson, Arthur

Published
1990

207. Gambling and children: betting against the future of young lives: gambling among youth is an underrecognized problem. To prevent serious consequences of this activity over the short term and during adulthood, the authors recommend that you screen patients for a gambling habit and refer those in whom you uncover cause for concern

Author

Turchi, Renee M., Black, Donald W., and Buchta, Richard M.

Subjects
Risk management, Youth -- Behavior, Teenagers -- Behavior, Children -- Behavior, Substance abuse -- Care and treatment, Gambling, Compulsive behavior, Addiction, Risk management
Abstract

Opportunities to gamble have increased substantially in the United States the past two decades. Gambling is now legal in 48 states (Utah and Hawaii being the exceptions), with state lotteries [...]

Published
2005

208. Test zone field compensation

Author

Black, Donald N., Jr. and Joy, Edward B.

Subjects
Earth stations -- Research, Electromagnetic waves -- Scattering, Radio -- Research, Business, Computers, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Test zone field (TZF) compensation increases antenna pattern measurement accuracy by compensating for extraneous fields created by reflection and scattering of the range antenna field from fixed objects in the range and by leakage of the range RF system from a fixed location in the range. TZF compensation can be used on fixed line-of-sight (static) far-field, compact, and near-field ranges. Other compensation techniques are seldom used in practical measurement situations because they are limited in the amount of compensation they provide. These techniques do not adequately model the type of extraneous field present in the range or require increased measurement time and equipment necessary to implement the technique. TZF compensation overcomes these limits as follows. The TZF is measured over a spherical surface encompassing the test zone using a low gain probe. The measured TZF is used in subsequent antenna pattern measurements to compensate for the effects of extraneous fields. TZF compensation theory is presented and demonstrated using measured data.

Published
1995

209. A collaborative survey of 80 mutations in the BRCA1 breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene: implications for presymptomatic testing and screening

Author

Shattuck-Eidens, Donna, McClure, Melody, Simard, Jacques, Labrie, Fernand, Narod, Steve, Couch, Fergus, Hoskins, Kent, Weber, Barbara, Castilla, Lucio, Erdos, Mike, Brody, Lawrence, Friedman, Lori, Ostermeyer, Elizabeth, Szabo, Csilla, King, Mary-Claire, Jhanwar, Suresh, Offit, Kenneth, Norton, Larry, Gilewski, Teresa, Lubin, Mathew, Osborne, Michael, Black, Donald, Boyd, Marie, Steel, Michael, Ingles, Sue, Haile, Robert, Lindblom, Annika, Olsson, Hakan, Borg, Ake, Bishop, D. Timothy, Solomon, Ellen, Radice, Paolo, Spatti, Giovanbattista, Gayther, Simon, Ponder, Bruce, Warren, William, Stratton, Mike, Liu, Qingyun, Fujimura, Frank, Lewis, Cathryn, Skolnick, Mark H., and Goldgar, David E.

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Genetic aspects, Ovarian cancer -- Genetic aspects
Abstract

Many of the mutations identified in the BRCA1 gene may result in a truncated protein product and three BRCA1 gene mutations may occur more often than others. Women who have a mutation in the BRCA1 gene are predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer. Researchers in nine laboratories in North America and the United Kingdom took blood or tumor samples from 1,086 women with breast or ovarian cancer to test the patients' DNA for BRCA1 gene mutations. DNA samples from 63 women contained a total of 38 unique mutations. Of these, most were frameshift mutations that are caused by the insertion or deletion of at least one nucleotide. This type of mutation can affect protein translation most often through premature truncation of the protein product. The mutations were distributed throughout many regions of the BRCA1 gene. Three common BRCA1 mutations accounted for 32% of the mutations identified in the DNA from 63 families., Objectives. - To report the initial experience of an international group of investigator's in identifying mutations in the BRCA1 breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene, to assess the spectrum of such mutations in samples from patients with different family histories of cancer, and to determine the frequency of recurrent mutations. Design. - Nine laboratories in North America and the United Kingdom tested for BRCA1 mutations in DNA samples obtained from a total of 372 unrelated patients with breast or ovarian cancer largely chosen from high-risk families. Three of these laboratories also analyzed a total of 714 additional samples from breast or ovarian cancer cases, including 557 unselected for family history, for two specific mutations that had been found to recur in familial samples. Participants. - A total of 1086 women with either breast or ovarian cancer. Main Outcome Measure. - The detection of sequence variation in patients' DNA samples that is not found in sets of control samples. Results. - BRCA1 mutations have now been identified in a total of 80 patient samples. Thirty-eight distinct mutations were found among 63 mutations identified through a complete screen of the BRCA1 gene. Three specific mutations appeared relatively common, occurring eight, seven, and five times, respectively. When specific tests for the two most common mutations were performed in larger sets of samples, they were found in 17 additional patients. Mutations predicted to result in a truncated protein accounted for 86% of the mutations detected by complete screening. Conclusions. - The high frequency of protein-terminating mutations and the observation of many recurrent mutations found in a diverse set of samples could lead to a relatively simple diagnostic test for BRCA1 mutations. More data must be accumulated to address specifically the sensitivity and specificity of such a diagnostic testing procedure and to better estimate the age-specific risk for breast and ovarian cancer associated with such mutations.

Published
1995

212. Estimation of Genetic Correlation via Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression and Genomic Restricted Maximum Likelihood

Author

Ripke, Stephan, Neale, Benjamin M., Corvin, Aiden, Walters, James T.R., Farh, Kai-How, Holmans, Peter A., Lee, Phil, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Collier, David A., Huang, Hailiang, Pers, Tune H., Agartz, Ingrid, Agerbo, Esben, Albus, Margot, Alexander, Madeline, Amin, Farooq, Bacanu, Silviu A., Begemann, Martin, Belliveau, Richard A., Jr., Bene, Judit, Bergen, Sarah E., Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Bigdeli, Tim B., Black, Donald W., Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G., Buckner, Randy L., Byerley, William, Cahn, Wiepke, Cai, Guiqing, Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M., Carr, Vaughan J., Carrera, Noa, Catts, Stanley V., Chambert, Kimberly D., Chan, Raymond C.K., Chen, Ronald Y.L., Chen, Eric Y.H., Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric F.C., Chong, Siow Ann, Cloninger, C. Robert, Cohen, David, Cohen, Nadine, Cormican, Paul, Craddock, Nick, Crowley, James J., Curtis, David, Davidson, Michael, Davis, Kenneth L., Degenhardt, Franziska, Del Favero, Jurgen, Demontis, Ditte, Dikeos, Dimitris, Dinan, Timothy, Djurovic, Srdjan, Donohoe, Gary, Drapeau, Elodie, Duan, Jubao, Dudbridge, Frank, Durmishi, Naser, Eichhammer, Peter, Eriksson, Johan, Escott-Price, Valentina, Essioux, Laurent, Fanous, Ayman H., Farrell, Martilias S., Frank, Josef, Franke, Lude, Freedman, Robert, Freimer, Nelson B., Friedl, Marion, Friedman, Joseph I., Fromer, Menachem, Genovese, Giulio, Georgieva, Lyudmila, Giegling, Ina, Giusti-Rodríguez, Paola, Godard, Stephanie, Goldstein, Jacqueline I., Golimbet, Vera, Gopal, Srihari, Gratten, Jacob, de Haan, Lieuwe, Hammer, Christian, Hamshere, Marian L., Hansen, Mark, Hansen, Thomas, Haroutunian, Vahram, Hartmann, Annette M., Henskens, Frans A., Herms, Stefan, Hirschhorn, Joel N., Hoffmann, Per, Hofman, Andrea, Hollegaard, Mads V., Hougaard, David M., Ikeda, Masashi, Joa, Inge, Juliá, Antonio, Kahn, René S., Kalaydjieva, Luba, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Karjalainen, Juha, Kavanagh, David, Keller, Matthew C., Kennedy, James L., Khrunin, Andrey, Kim, Yunjung, Klovins, Janis, Knowles, James A., Konte, Bettina, Kucinskas, Vaidutis, Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele, Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana, Kähler, Anna K., Laurent, Claudine, Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee, Legge, Sophie E., Lerer, Bernard, Li, Miaoxin, Li, Tao, Liang, Kung-Yee, Lieberman, Jeffrey, Limborska, Svetlana, Loughland, Carmel M., Lubinski, Jan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Macek, Milan, Jr., Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Maher, Brion S., Maier, Wolfgang, Mallet, Jacques, Marsal, Sara, Mattheisen, Manuel, Mattingsda, Morten, McCarley, Robert W., McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M., Meier, Sandra, Meijer, Carin J., Melegh, Bela, Melle, Ingrid, Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I., Metspalu, Andres, Michie, Patricia T., Milani, Lili, Milanova, Vihra, Mokrab, Younes, Morris, Derek W., Mors, Ole, Murphy, Kieran C., Murray, Robin M., Myin-Germeys, Inez, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Nelis, Mari, Nenadic, Igor, Nertney, Deborah A., Nestadt, Gerald, Nicodemus, Kristin K., Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Nisenbaum, Laura, Nordin, Annelie, O’Callaghan, Eadbhard, O’Dushlaine, Colm, O’Neill, F. Anthony, Oh, Sang-Yun, Olinc, Ann, Olsen, Line, Van Os, Jim, Pantelis, Christos, Papadimitriou, George N., Papio, Sergi, Parkhomenko, Elena, Pato, Michele T., Paunio, Tiina, Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Perkins, Diana O., Pietiläinenl, Olli, Pimm, Jonathan, Pocklington, Andrew J., Powell, John, Price, Alkes, Pulver, Ann E., Purcell, Shaun M., Quested, Digby, Rasmussen, Henrik B., Reichenberg, Abraham, Reimers, Mark A., Richards, Alexander L., Roffman, Joshua L., Roussos, Panos, Ruderfer, Douglas M., Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Schall, Ulrich, Schubert, Christian R., Schulze, Thomas G., Schwab, Sibylle G., Scolnick, Edward M., Scott, Rodney J., Seidman, Larry J., Shi, Jianxin, Sigurdsson, Engilbert, Silagadze, Teimuraz, Silverman, Jeremy M., Sim, Kang, Slominsky, Petr, Smoller, Jordan W., So, Hon-Cheong, Spencer, Chris C.A., Stah, Eli A., Stefansson, Hreinn, Steinberg, Stacy, Stogmann, Elisabeth, Straub, Richard E., Strengman, Eric, Strohmaier, Jana, Stroup, T. Scott, Subramaniam, Mythily, Suvisaari, Jaana, Svrakic, Dragan M., Szatkiewicz, Jin P., Söderman, Erik, Thirumalai, Srinivas, Toncheva, Draga, Tosato, Sarah, Veijola, Juha, Waddington, John, Walsh, Dermot, Wang, Dai, Wang, Qiang, Webb, Bradley T., Weiser, Mark, Wildenauer, Dieter B., Williams, Nigel M., Williams, Stephanie, Witt, Stephanie H., Wolen, Aaron R., Wong, Emily H.M., Wormley, Brandon K., Xi, Hualin Simon, Zai, Clement C., Zheng, Xuebin, Zimprich, Fritz, Stefansson, Kari, Visscher, Peter M., Adolfsson, Rolf, Andreassen, Ole A., Blackwood, Douglas H.R., Bramon, Elvira, Buxbaum, Joseph D., Børglum, Anders D., Cichon, Sven, Darvasi, Ariel, Domenici, Enrico, Ehrenreich, Hannelore, Esko, Tõnu, Gejman, Pablo V., Gill, Michael, Gurling, Hugh, Hultman, Christina M., Iwata, Nakao, Jablensky, Assen V., Jönsson, Erik G., Kendler, Kenneth S., Kirov, George, Knight, Jo, Lencz, Todd, Levinson, Douglas F., Li, Qingqin S., Liu, Jianjun, Malhotra, Anil K., McCarrol, Steven A., McQuillin, Andrew, Moran, Jennifer L., Mortensen, Preben B., Mowry, Bryan J., Nöthen, Markus M., Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Pato, Carlos N., Petryshen, Tracey L., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietsche, Marcella, Riley, Brien P., Rujescu, Dan, Sham, Pak C., Sklar, Pamela, St Clair, David, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wendland, Jens R., Werge, Thomas, Daly, Mark J., Sullivan, Patrick F., O’Donovan, Michael C., Ni, Guiyan, Moser, Gerhard, Wray, Naomi R., and Lee, S. Hong

Published
2018
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219. Genetic influences on schizophrenia and subcortical brain volumes: large-scale proof of concept

Author

Franke, Barbara, Stein, Jason L, McIntosh, Andrew M, Eichhammer, Peter, Eriksson, Johan, Escott-Price, Valentina, Essioux, Laurent, Fanous, Ayman H, Farrell, Martilias S, Frank, Josef, Franke, Lude, Freedman, Robert, Freimer, Nelson B, Lee, Phil, Friedman, Joseph I, Fromer, Menachem, Genovese, Giulio, Georgieva, Lyudmila, Gershon, Elliot S, Giegling, Ina, Giusti-Rodríguez, Paola, Godard, Stephanie, Goldstein, Jacqueline I, Gopal, Srihari, McMahon, Francis J, Gratten, Jacob, de Haan, Lieuwe, Hammer, Christian, Hamshere, Marian L, Hansen, Mark, Hansen, Thomas, Haroutunian, Vahram, Hartmann, Annette M, Henskens, Frans A, Herms, Stefan L, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Hoffmann, Per, Hofman, Andrea, Hollegaard, Mads V, Hougaard, David M, Ikeda, Masashi, Joa, Inge, Julià, Antonio, Kähler, Anna K, Kahn, René S, Mattheisen, Manuel, Kalaydjieva, Luba, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Karjalainen, Juha, Kavanagh, David, Keller, Matthew C, Kelly, Brian J, Kennedy, James L, Khrunin, Andrey, Kim, Yunjung, Klovins, Janis, Andreassen, Ole A, Knowles, James A, Konte, Bettina, Kucinskas, Vaidutis, Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele, Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana, Laurent, Claudine, Lee, S Hong, Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee, Legge, Sophie E, Lerer, Bernard, Gruber, Oliver, Li, Miaoxin, Li, Tao, Liang, Kung-Yee, Lieberman, Jeffrey, Limborska, Svetlana, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Loughland, Carmel M, Lubinski, Jan, Macek, Milan, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Sachdev, Perminder S, Maher, Brion S, Maier, Wolfgang, Mallet, Jacques, Marsal, Sara, Mattingsdal, Morten, McCarley, Robert W, McDonald, Colm, Meier, Sandra, Roiz-Santiañez, Roberto, Meijer, Carin J, Melegh, Bela, Melle, Ingrid, Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I, Metspalu, Andres, Michie, Patricia T, Milani, Lili, Milanova, Vihra, Mokrab, Younes, Morris, Derek W, Saykin, Andrew J, Mors, Ole, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Murphy, Kieran C, Murray, Robin M, Myin-Germeys, Inez, Nelis, Mari, Nenadic, Igor, Nertney, Deborah A, Nestadt, Gerald, Nicodemus, Kristin K, Ripke, Stephan, Ehrlich, Stefan, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Nisenbaum, Laura, Nordin, Annelie, O'Callaghan, Eadbhard, O'Dushlaine, Colm, O'Neill, F Anthony, Oh, Sang-Yun, Olincy, Ann, Olsen, Line, Van Os, Jim, Mather, Karen A, Pantelis, Christos, Papadimitriou, George N, Papiol, Sergi, Parkhomenko, Elena, Pato, Michele T, Paunio, Tiina, Perkins, Diana O, Pietiläinen, Olli, Pimm, Jonathan, Pocklington, Andrew J, Turner, Jessica A, Powell, John, Price, Alkes, Pulver, Ann E, Purcell, Shaun M, Quested, Digby, Rasmussen, Henrik B, Reichenberg, Abraham, Reimers, Mark A, Richards, Alexander L, Roffman, Joshua L, Schwarz, Emanuel, Roussos, Panos, Ruderfer, Douglas M, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R, Schall, Ulrich, Schubert, Christian R, Schulze, Thomas G, Schwab, Sibylle G, Scolnick, Edward M, Scott, Rodney J, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Seidman, Larry J, Shi, Jianxin, Silverman, Jeremy M, Sim, Kang, Slominsky, Petr, Smoller, Jordan W, So, Hon-Cheong, Söderman, Erik, Spencer, Chris C A, Stahl, Eli A, Shugart, Yin Yao, Stogmann, Elisabeth, Straub, Richard E, Strengman, Eric, Strohmaier, Jana, Stroup, T Scott, Subramaniam, Mythily, Suvisaari, Jaana, Svrakic, Dragan M, Szatkiewicz, Jin P, Thirumalai, Srinivas, Ho, Yvonne Yw, Toncheva, Draga, Tooney, Paul A, Veijola, Juha, Waddington, John, Walsh, Dermot, Wang, Dai, Wang, Qiang, Webb, Bradley T, Weiser, Mark, Wildenauer, Dieter B, Martin, Nicholas G, Williams, Nigel M, Williams, Stephanie, Witt, Stephanie H, Wolen, Aaron R, Wong, Emily H M, Wormley, Brandon K, Wu, Jing Qin, Xi, Hualin Simon, Zai, Clement C, Zheng, Xuebin, Wright, Margaret J, Zimprich, Fritz, Wray, Naomi R, Visscher, Peter M, Adolfsson, Rolf, Blackwood, Douglas H R, Børglum, Anders D, Bramon, Elvira, Buxbaum, Joseph D, Cichon, Sven, Consortium, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics, Darvasi, Ariel, Domenici, Enrico, Ehrenreich, Hannelore, Esko, Tõnu, Gejman, Pablo V, Gill, Michael, Gurling, Hugh, Hultman, Christina M, Iwata, Nakao, Jablensky, Assen V, Anttila, Verneri, Consortium, ENIGMA, Jönsson, Erik G, Kendler, Kenneth S, Kirov, George, Knight, Jo, Lencz, Todd, Levinson, Douglas F, Li, Qingqin S, Liu, Jianjun, Malhotra, Anil K, McCarroll, Steven A, O'Donovan, Michael C, McQuillin, Andrew, Moran, Jennifer L, Mortensen, Preben B, Mowry, Bryan J, Nöthen, Markus M, Ophoff, Roel A, Owen, Michael J, Palotie, Aarno, Pato, Carlos N, Petryshen, Tracey L, Thompson, Paul M, Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Riley, Brien P, Rujescu, Dan, Sham, Pak C, Sklar, Pamela, Clair, David St, Weinberger, Daniel R, Wendland, Jens R, Werge, Thomas, Neale, Benjamin M, Daly, Mark J, Sullivan, Patrick F, Hibar, Derrek P, Renteria, Miguel E, Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Desrivières, Sylvane, Jahanshad, Neda, Toro, Roberto, Medland, Sarah E, Wittfeld, Katharina, Abramovic, Lucija, Andersson, Micael, Aribisala, Benjamin S, Armstrong, Nicola J, Bernard, Manon, Bohlken, Marc M, Boks, Marco P, Bralten, Janita, Brown, Andrew A, Chakravarty, M Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Ching, Christopher R K, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, den Braber, Anouk, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L, Grimm, Oliver, Guadalupe, Tulio, Hass, Johanna, Woldehawariat, Girma, Holmes, Avram J, Hoogman, Martine, Janowitz, Deborah, Jia, Tianye, Kim, Sungeun, Klein, Marieke, Kraemer, Bernd, Loohuis, Loes M Olde, Luciano, Michelle, Macare, Christine, Milaneschi, Yuri, Nho, Kwangsik, Papmeyer, Martina, Ramasamy, Adaikalavan, Risacher, Shannon L, Corvin, Aiden, Rose, Emma J, Salami, Alireza, Sämann, Philipp G, Schmaal, Lianne, Schork, Andrew J, Shin, Jean, Strike, Lachlan T, Teumer, Alexander, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M J, van Eijk, Kristel R, Walters, James T R, Walters, Raymond K, Westlye, Lars T, Whelan, Christopher D, Winkler, Anderson M, Zwiers, Marcel P, Alhusaini, Saud, Athanasiu, Lavinia, Hakobjan, Marina M H, Hartberg, Cecilie B, Farh, Kai-How, Haukvik, Unn, Heister, Angelien J G A M, Höhn, David, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Liewald, David C M, Lopez, Lorna M, Makkinje, Remco R R, Matarin, Mar, Naber, Marlies A M, McKay, David R, Holmans, Peter A, Needham, Margaret, Nugent, Allison C, Pütz, Benno, Royle, Natalie A, Shen, Li, Sprooten, Emma, Trabzuni, Daniah, van der Marel, Saskia S L, van Hulzen, Kimm J E, Walton, Esther, Wolf, Christiane, Almasy, Laura, Ames, David, Arepalli, Sampath, Assareh, Amelia A, Bastin, Mark E, Brodaty, Henry, Bulayeva, Kazima B, Carless, Melanie A, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Curran, Joanne E, Czisch, Michael, de Zubicaray, Greig I, Dillman, Allissa, Duggirala, Ravi, Dyer, Thomas D, Erk, Susanne, Fedko, Iryna O, Ferrucci, Luigi, Collier, David A, Foroud, Tatiana M, Fox, Peter T, Fukunaga, Masaki, Gibbs, Raphael, Göring, Harald H H, Green, Robert C, Guelfi, Sebastian, Hansell, Narelle K, Hartman, Catharina A, Hegenscheid, Katrin, Huang, Hailiang, Heinz, Andreas, Hernandez, Dena G, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Jack, Clifford R, Jenkinson, Mark, Pers, Tune H, Johnson, Robert, Kanai, Ryota, Keil, Maria, Kent, Jack W, Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B, Lawrie, Stephen M, Liu, Xinmin, Longo, Dan L, McMahon, Katie L, Agartz, Ingrid, Meisenzahl, Eva, Mohnke, Sebastian, Montgomery, Grant W, Mostert, Jeanette C, Mühleisen, Thomas W, Nalls, Michael A, Nichols, Thomas E, Nilsson, Lars G, Agerbo, Esben, Ohi, Kazutaka, Olvera, Rene L, Perez-Iglesias, Rocio, Pike, G Bruce, Potkin, Steven G, Reinvang, Ivar, Reppermund, Simone, Romanczuk-Seiferth, Nina, Rosen, Glenn D, Albus, Margot, Schnell, Knut, Schofield, Peter R, Smith, Colin, Steen, Vidar M, Sussmann, Jessika E, Toga, Arthur W, Traynor, Bryan, Troncoso, Juan, Alexander, Madeline, Hernández, Maria C Valdés, van 't Ent, Dennis, van der Brug, Marcel, van der Wee, Nic J A, van Tol, Marie-Jose, Veltman, Dick J, Wassink, Thomas H, Westman, Eric, Zielke, Ronald H, Amin, Farooq, Zonderman, Alan, Ashbrook, David G, Hager, Reinmar, Lu, Lu, Williams, Robert W, Brunner, Han G, Buckner, Randy L, Buitelaar, Jan K, Bacanu, Silviu A, Cahn, Wiepke, Calhoun, Vince D, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dale, Anders M, Davies, Gareth E, Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Djurovic, Srdjan, Drevets, Wayne C, Begemann, Martin, Espeseth, Thomas, Gollub, Randy L, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hosten, Norbert, LeHellard, Stephanie, Nauck, Matthias, Belliveau, Richard A, Nyberg, Lars, Pandolfo, Massimo, Penninx, Brenda W J H, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, van Bokhoven, Hans, van Haren, Neeltje E M, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Bene, Judit, Weiner, Michael W, Wen, Wei, White, Tonya, Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I, Brouwer, Rachel M, Cannon, Dara M, Cookson, Mark R, Bergen, Sarah E, de Geus, Eco J C, Deary, Ian J, Donohoe, Gary, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E, Francks, Clyde, Glahn, David C, Grabe, Hans J, Hardy, John, Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Hashimoto, Ryota, Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E, Kloszewska, Iwona, Lovestone, Simon, Mattay, Venkata S, Mecocci, Patrizia, Bigdeli, Tim B, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Ryten, Mina, Simmons, Andy, Singleton, Andrew, Soininen, Hilkka, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Weale, Michael E, Black, Donald W, Adams, Hieab H H, Launer, Lenore J, Seiler, Stephan, Schmidt, Reinhold, Chauhan, Ganesh, Satizabal, Claudia L, Becker, James T, Yanek, Lisa, van der Lee, Sven J, Bruggeman, Richard, Ebling, Maritza, Fischl, Bruce, Longstreth, W. T., Greve, Douglas, Schmidt, Helena, Nyquist, Paul, Vinke, Louis N, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Luting, Xue, Mazoyer, Bernard, Buccola, Nancy G, Bis, Joshua C, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Seshadri, Sudha, Ikram, M Arfan, Schumann, Gunter, Byerley, William F, Cai, Guiqing, Cairns, Murray J, Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M, Carr, Vaughan J, Carrera, Noa, Catts, Stanley V, Chambert, Kimberley D, Chan, Raymond C K, Chen, Eric Y H, Chen, Ronald Y L, Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric F C, Chong, Siow Ann, Cloninger, C Robert, Cohen, David, Cohen, Nadine, Cormican, Paul, Craddock, Nick, Crowley, James J, Curtis, David, Davidson, Michael, Davis, Kenneth L, Degenhardt, Franziska, Neale, Michael C, Del Favero, Jurgen, DeLisi, Lynn E, Demontis, Ditte, Dikeos, Dimitris, Dinan, Timothy, Drapeau, Elodie, Duan, Jubao, Dudbridge, Frank, Franke, Barbara, Stein, Jason L, Ripke, Stephan, Anttila, Verneri, Hong Lee, S, Ikram, M Arfan, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, ENIGMA Consortium, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], University of Southern California (USC), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University of Warwick [Coventry], University of Oxford [Oxford], Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), University of Edinburgh, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Chinese PLA General Hospital, University of Missouri [Columbia], University of Missouri System, Cardiff University, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Stanford University [Stanford], Max-Planck-Institut, University of Iowa [Iowa City], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Schizophrenia Research Institute [Sydney], Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Mathematics [CUHK], The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Castle Peak Hospital [Hong Kong], Institute of Mental Health [Singapore], Service de psychiatrie des enfants et adultes [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière ], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Open University of Israël, University of Antwerp (UA), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of Athens Medical School [Athens], University College Cork (UCC), University of Oslo (UiO), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Universität Regensburg (UR), Biomedicum Helsinki, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development [Basel] (pRED), F. Hoffmann-La Roche [Basel], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Haverford College, Service de Pharmacologie, toxicologie et pharmacovigilance [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, University of Queensland [Brisbane], James J. Peters VA Medical Center [New York], Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), University of Basel (Unibas), Division of Medical Genetics [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Tohoku University [Sendai], University of Stavanger, Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Sofia, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre [Rīga], Vilnius University [Vilnius], University Hospital Motol [Prague], Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Bonn, Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Eli Lilly and Company Limited [Windlesham], Trinity College Dublin, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), University of Tartu, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Stockholm University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Department of Mathematics [Nanticoke], Luzerne County Community College, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], King‘s College London, University of Chicago, Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute [Berlin] (HHI), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry [Mannhein], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg]-Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), University of Calgary, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Beijing Normal University, Structure et Réactivité des Systèmes Moléculaires Complexes (SRSMC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dpt of Psychiatry [New Haven], Yale University School of Medicine, Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire (EDC (UMR_7216)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University [Utrecht], School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, University of Colorado [Boulder], VU University Amsterdam, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Department of Health and Human Services, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), McGill University-McGill University, Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory [Cambridge] (CSAIL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Del-Favero, Jurgen, Enigma Consortium, School of Medicine / Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), Stanford University, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, University of Newcastle [Callaghan, Australia] (UoN), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Софийски университет = Sofia University, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications - Heinrich Hertz Institute (Fraunhofer HHI), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University-Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Beijing Normal University (BNU), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire (EDC), Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research [Utrecht], Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Biological Psychology, EMGO+ - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Other departments, ANS - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Adult Psychiatry, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), and MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), genetic association, Genome-wide association study, brain imaging, VARIANTS, Genome-wide association studies, Linkage Disequilibrium, 0302 clinical medicine, pathology [Brain], 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Psychology, GWAS, genetics [Schizophrenia], genetics, genetics [Genetic Predisposition to Disease], Aetiology, Non-U.S. Gov't, PERSPECTIVE, humans, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, neuroimaging, General Neuroscience, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Brain, Single Nucleotide, Organ Size, Endophenotypes, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroimaging, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Schizophrenia, Genome-Wide Association Study, Neuroscience (all), Serious Mental Illness, ENIGMA Consortium, 3. Good health, endophenotype, Mental Health, Meta-analysis, Neurological, genetics [Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide], Cognitive Sciences, MRI, Neuroinformatics, DISORDERS, heredity, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), brain, Non-P.H.S, Brain Structure and Function, RELATIVES, PHENOTYPES, Research Support, N.I.H, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetic resonance imaging, ENDOPHENOTYPE, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, ddc:570, Journal Article, Polymorphism, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, pathology [Schizophrenia], METAANALYSIS, genetic predisposition to disease, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Neurology & Neurosurgery, genome-wide association study, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Human Genome, Neurosciences, Extramural, Genetic architecture, Brain Disorders, meta-analysis, schizophrenia, INDIVIDUALS, 030104 developmental biology, Genetic marker, Endophenotype, DISCOVERY, Genetic markers, U.S. Gov't, Human medicine, Neuroscience, genetic predisposition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S, Meta-Analysis
Abstract

Article, Schizophrenia is a devastating psychiatric illness with high heritability. Brain structure and function differ, on average, between people with schizophrenia and healthy individuals. As common genetic associations are emerging for both schizophrenia and brain imaging phenotypes, we can now use genome-wide data to investigate genetic overlap. Here we integrated results from common variant studies of schizophrenia (33,636 cases, 43,008 controls) and volumes of several (mainly subcortical) brain structures (11,840 subjects). We did not find evidence of genetic overlap between schizophrenia risk and subcortical volume measures either at the level of common variant genetic architecture or for single genetic markers. These results provide a proof of concept (albeit based on a limited set of structural brain measures) and define a roadmap for future studies investigating the genetic covariance between structural or functional brain phenotypes and risk for psychiatric disorders., final draft, peerReviewed

Published
2016
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225. Gene expression imputation across multiple brain regions provides insights into schizophrenia risk

Author

Huckins, Laura M. Dobbyn, Amanda Ruderfer, Douglas M. and Hoffman, Gabriel Wang, Weiqing Pardinas, Antonio F. and Rajagopal, Veera M. Als, Thomas D. Nguyen, Hoang T. Girdhar, Kiran Boocock, James Roussos, Panos Fromer, Menachem and Kramer, Robin Domenici, Enrico Gamazon, Eric R. Purcell, Shaun Demontis, Ditte Borglum, Anders D. Walters, James T. R. O'Donovan, Michael C. Sullivan, Patrick Owen, Michael J. and Devlin, Bernie Sieberts, Solveig K. Cox, Nancy J. Im, Hae Kyung Sklar, Pamela Stahl, Eli A. Johnson, Jessica S. and Shah, Hardik R. Klein, Lambertus L. Dang, Kristen K. and Logsdon, Benjamin A. Mahajan, Milind C. Mangravite, Lara M. and Toyoshiba, Hiroyoshi Gur, Raquel E. Hahn, Chang-Gyu Schadt, Eric Lewis, David A. Haroutunian, Vahram Peters, Mette A. and Lipska, Barbara K. Buxbaum, Joseph D. Hirai, Keisuke and Perumal, Thanneer M. Essioux, Laurent Rajagopal, Veera Manikandan Mattheisen, Manuel Grove, Jakob Werge, Thomas and Mortensen, Preben Bo Pedersen, Carsten Bocker Agerbo, Esben and Pedersen, Marianne Giortz Mors, Ole Nordentoft, Merete and Hougaard, David M. Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas Baekvad-Hansen, Marie and Hansen, Christine Soholm Ripke, Stephan Neale, Benjamin M. and Corvin, Aiden Farh, Kai-How Holmans, Peter A. Lee, Phil and Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan Collier, David A. Huang, Hailiang and Pers, Tune H. Agartz, Ingrid Albus, Margot Alexander, Madeline Amin, Farooq Bacanu, Silviu A. Begemann, Martin and Belliveau, Jr., Richard A. Bene, Judit Bergen, Sarah E. and Bevilacqua, Elizabeth Bigdeli, Tim B. Black, Donald W. and Bruggeman, Richard Buccola, Nancy G. Buckner, Randy L. and Byerley, William Cahn, Wiepke Cai, Guiqing Campion, Dominique Cantor, Rita M. Carr, Vaughan J. Carrera, Noa and Catts, V, Stanley Chambert, Kimberly D. Chan, Raymond C. K. and Chen, Ronald Y. L. Chen, Eric Y. H. Cheng, Wei Cheung, Eric F. C. Chong, Siow Ann Cloninger, C. Robert Cohen, David and Cohen, Nadine Cormican, Paul Craddock, Nick Crowley, James J. Curtis, David Davidson, Michael Davis, Kenneth L. and Degenhardt, Franziska Del Favero, Jurgen Dikeos, Dimitris and Dinan, Timothy Djurovic, Srdjan Donohoe, Gary Drapeau, Elodie Duan, Jubao Dudbridge, Frank Durmishi, Naser and Eichhammer, Peter Eriksson, Johan Escott-Price, Valentina and Essioux, Laurent Fanous, Ayman H. Farrell, Martilias S. and Frank, Josef Franke, Lude Freedman, Robert Freimer, Nelson B. Friedl, Marion Friedman, I, Joseph Fromer, Menachem and Genovese, Giulio Georgieva, Lyudmila Giegling, Ina and Giusti-Rodriguez, Paola Godard, Stephanie Goldstein, I, Jacqueline Golimbet, Vera Gopal, Srihari Gratten, Jacob and de Haan, Lieuwe Hammer, Christian Hamshere, Marian L. and Hansen, Mark Hansen, Thomas Haroutunian, Vahram Hartmann, Annette M. Henskens, Frans A. Herms, Stefan Hirschhorn, Joel N. Hoffmann, Per Hofman, Andrea Hollegaard, V, Mads and Ikeda, Masashi Joa, Inge Julia, Antonio Kahn, Rene S. and Kalaydjieva, Luba Karachanak-Yankova, Sena Karjalainen, Juha and Kavanagh, David Keller, Matthew C. Kennedy, James L. and Khrunin, Andrey Kim, Yunjung Klovins, Janis Knowles, James A. Konte, Bettina Kucinskas, Vaidutis Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana Kahler, Anna K. Laurent, Claudine Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee Lee, S. Hong Legge, Sophie E. and Lerer, Bernard Li, Miaoxin Li, Tao Liang, Kung-Yee and Lieberman, Jeffrey Limborska, Svetlana Loughland, Carmel M. and Lubinski, Jan Lonnqvist, Jouko Macek, Jr., Milan Magnusson, Patrik K. E. Maher, Brion S. Maier, Wolfgang Mallet, Jacques and Marsal, Sara Mattingsdal, Morten McCarley, Robert W. and McDonald, Colm McIntosh, Andrew M. Meier, Sandra Meijer, Carin J. Melegh, Bela Melle, Ingrid Mesholam-Gately, I, Raquelle Metspalu, Andres Michie, Patricia T. Milani, Lili and Milanova, Vihra Mokrab, Younes Morris, Derek W. Mors, Ole Murphy, Kieran C. Murray, Robin M. Myin-Germeys, Inez and Muller-Myhsok, Bertram Nelis, Mari Nenadic, Igor and Nertney, Deborah A. Nestadt, Gerald Nicodemus, Kristin K. and Nikitina-Zake, Liene Nisenbaum, Laura Nordin, Annelie and O'Callaghan, Eadbhard O'Dushlaine, Colm O'Neill, F. Anthony and Oh, Sang-Yun Olincy, Ann Olsen, Line Van Os, Jim and Pantelis, Christos Papadimitriou, George N. Papiol, Sergi and Parkhomenko, Elena Pato, Michele T. Paunio, Tiina and Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica Perkins, Diana O. Pietilainen, Olli and Pimm, Jonathan Pocklington, Andrew J. Powell, John and Price, Alkes Pulver, Ann E. Purcell, Shaun M. Quested, Digby and Rasmussen, Henrik B. Reichenberg, Abraham Reimers, Mark A. and Richards, Alexander L. Roffman, Joshua L. Ruderfer, Douglas M. Salomaa, Veikko Sanders, Alan R. Schall, Ulrich and Schubert, Christian R. Schulze, Thomas G. Schwab, Sibylle G. and Scolnick, Edward M. Scott, Rodney J. Seidman, Larry J. Shi, Jianxin Sigurdsson, Engilbert Silagadze, Teimuraz Silverman, Jeremy M. Sim, Kang Slominsky, Petr Smoller, Jordan W. and So, Hon-Cheong Spencer, Chris C. A. Stefansson, Hreinn and Steinberg, Stacy Stogmann, Elisabeth Straub, Richard E. and Strengman, Eric Strohmaier, Jana Stroup, T. Scott and Subramaniam, Mythily Suvisaari, Jaana Svrakic, Dragan M. and Szatkiewicz, Jin P. Soderman, Erik Thirumalai, Srinivas and Toncheva, Draga Tosato, Sarah Veijola, Juha Waddington, John and Walsh, Dermot Wang, Dai Wang, Qiang Webb, Bradley T. and Weiser, Mark Wildenauer, Dieter B. Williams, Nigel M. and Williams, Stephanie Witt, Stephanie H. Wolen, Aaron R. Wong, Emily H. M. Wormley, Brandon K. Xi, Hualin Simon Zai, Clement C. Zheng, Xuebin Zimprich, Fritz Wray, Naomi R. and Stefansson, Kari Visscher, Peter M. Adolfsson, Rolf and Andreassen, Ole A. Blackwood, Douglas H. R. Bramon, Elvira and Buxbaum, Joseph D. Borglum, Anders D. Cichon, Sven Darvasi, Ariel Domenici, Enrico Ehrenreich, Hannelore Esko, Tonu and Gejman, V, Pablo Gill, Michael Gurling, Hugh Hultman, Christina M. Iwata, Nakao Jablensky, V, Assen Jonsson, Erik G. Kendler, Kenneth S. Kirov, George Knight, Jo Lencz, Todd Levinson, Douglas F. Li, Qingqin S. Liu, Jianjun and Malhotra, Anil K. McCarroll, Steven A. McQuillin, Andrew and Moran, Jennifer L. Mortensen, Preben B. Mowry, Bryan J. and Nothen, Markus M. Ophoff, Roel A. Owen, Michael J. Palotie, Aarno Pato, Carlos N. Petryshen, Tracey L. Posthuma, Danielle Rietschel, Marcella Riley, Brien P. Rujescu, Dan and Sham, Pak C. St Clair, David Weinberger, Daniel R. and Wendland, Jens R. Werge, Thomas Daly, Mark J. Sullivan, Patrick F. CommonMind Consortium Psychiat Genomics Consortium and iPSYCH-GEMS Schizophrenia Working

Abstract

Transcriptomic imputation approaches combine eQTL reference panels with large-scale genotype data in order to test associations between disease and gene expression. These genic associations could elucidate signals in complex genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci and may disentangle the role of different tissues in disease development. We used the largest eQTL reference panel for the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to create a set of gene expression predictors and demonstrate their utility. We applied DLPFC and 12 GTEx-brain predictors to 40,299 schizophrenia cases and 65,264 matched controls for a large transcriptomic imputation study of schizophrenia. We identified 413 genic associations across 13 brain regions. Stepwise conditioning identified 67 non-MHC genes, of which 14 did not fall within previous GWAS loci. We identified 36 significantly enriched pathways, including hexosaminidase-A deficiency, and multiple porphyric disorder pathways. We investigated developmental expression patterns among the 67 non-MHC genes and identified specific groups of pre- and postnatal expression.

Published
2019

226. Book forum

Author

Favazza, Armando R., Solnit, Albert J., Black, Donald W., Westermeyer, Joseph J., Groden, June, Salzman, Carl, Bieber, Michael R., Stone, Alan A., Copolov, David, Blazer, Dan G., Sudak, Howard S., and Chessick, Richard D.

Subjects
Youth Violence: Prevention, Intervention, and Social Policy (Book) -- Book reviews, Children in a Violent Society (Book) -- Book reviews, Antisocial Behavior by Young People (Book) -- Book reviews, Severe Stress and Mental Disturbance in Children (Book) -- Book reviews, Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, 2nd ed. (Book) -- Book reviews, Psychiatry in the Elderly, 2nd ed. (Book) -- Book reviews, Personality Disorders in Older Adults (Book) -- Book reviews, The Antidepressant Era (Book) -- Book reviews, Menders of the Mind: A History of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, 1946-1996 (Book) -- Book reviews, Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief (Book) -- Book reviews, Current Theories of Psychoanalysis (Book) -- Book reviews, The Modern Freudians: Contemporary Psychoanalytic Technique (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2000

227. Environmental illness: a controlled study of 26 subjects with '20th century disease'

Author

Black, Donald W., Rathe, Ann, and Goldstein, Rise B.

Subjects
Environmentally induced diseases -- Psychological aspects, Environmentally induced diseases -- Care and treatment, Environmentally induced diseases -- Diagnosis, Environmentally induced diseases -- Demographic aspects
Abstract

Environmental illness (EI) is a term used to describe the presence of a variety of symptoms said to result from an imbalance in the immune system, which is caused by common foods and chemicals. Many patients who believe they have EI use clinicians who call themselves clinical ecologists and employ nontraditional medical approaches. Such practitioners and, in fact, the existence of EI itself, have been viewed skeptically by the medical community, many members of which believe that EI patients suffer primarily from psychiatric disorders. To learn more concerning this issue, 26 subjects who had received the diagnosis of EI were studied. They were evaluated with standardized psychiatric assessment tests, and test results were compared with those from an age- and sex-matched group of 46 control subjects, selected randomly from a pool of relatives of people who had been classified as psychiatrically normal on psychiatric tests. Results showed that 16 of the 26 EI subjects were under the care of their clinical ecologists, receiving such treatments as avoidance of offending agents, special diets, vitamins, oxygen masks, 'safe' rooms, douches or enemas, and serotonin or histamine. EI subjects had a larger total number of psychiatric symptoms than controls, according to test results (28 versus 9), as well as a larger number of psychiatric diagnoses. The case history of one EI sufferer who said he had 'toxic brain syndrome' is presented. In general, people with EI tend to be female, well-educated, and interested in their diagnosis. They attend support groups, read EI literature, and have a circle of friends that includes many fellow EI victims. Most of the participants in this study were satisfied with their EI clinician, and had been dissatisfied with traditional practitioners. A review of the medical literature concerning EI is presented. It is likely that people with this diagnosis suffer from common psychiatric disorders, and that they are poorly served by traditional physicians, who often fail to sympathize with their suffering and prevent them from participating in their own health care. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

229. A correction for sample overlap in genome-wide association studies in a polygenic pleiotropy-informed framework

Author

LeBlanc, Marissa, Zuber, Verena, Thompson, Wesley K., Andreassen, Ole A., Frigessi, Arnoldo, Andreassen, Bettina Kulle, Ripke, Stephan, Neale, Benjamin M., Corvin, Aiden, Walters, James T.R., Farh, Kai How, Lee, Phil H., Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Collier, David A., Huang, Hailiang, Pers, Tune H., Agartz, Ingrid, Agerbo, Esben, Albus, Margot, Alexander, Madeline, Amin, Farooq, Bacanu, Silviu A., Begemann, Martin, Belliveau, Richard A., Bene, Judit, Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Bigdeli, Tim B., Black, Donald W., Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G., Buckner, Randy L., Cahn, Wiepke, Cai, Guiqing, Cairns, Murray J., Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M., Carr, Vaughan J., Carrera, Noa, Catts, Stanley V., Chambert, Kimberly D., Chan, Raymond C.K., Chen, Ronald Y.L., Chen, Eric Y.H., Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric F.C., Kahn, Rene S., Murphy, Kieran C., Os, Jim Van, Strengman, Eric, Ophoff, Roel A., and Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Working Groups of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

Subjects
Genetics, Cross-phenotype association, Data integration, Covariate-modulated false discovery rate, Meta-analysis with shared subjects, Biotechnology
Abstract

Background: There is considerable evidence that many complex traits have a partially shared genetic basis, termed pleiotropy. It is therefore useful to consider integrating genome-wide association study (GWAS) data across several traits, usually at the summary statistic level. A major practical challenge arises when these GWAS have overlapping subjects. This is particularly an issue when estimating pleiotropy using methods that condition the significance of one trait on the signficance of a second, such as the covariate-modulated false discovery rate (cmfdr). Results: We propose a method for correcting for sample overlap at the summary statistic level. We quantify the expected amount of spurious correlation between the summary statistics from two GWAS due to sample overlap, and use this estimated correlation in a simple linear correction that adjusts the joint distribution of test statistics from the two GWAS. The correction is appropriate for GWAS with case-control or quantitative outcomes. Our simulations and data example show that without correcting for sample overlap, the cmfdr is not properly controlled, leading to an excessive number of false discoveries and an excessive false discovery proportion. Our correction for sample overlap is effective in that it restores proper control of the false discovery rate, at very little loss in power. Conclusions: With our proposed correction, it is possible to integrate GWAS summary statistics with overlapping samples in a statistical framework that is dependent on the joint distribution of the two GWAS.

Published
2018

230. Estimation of Genetic Correlation via Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression and Genomic Restricted Maximum Likelihood

Author

Ni, Guiyan, Moser, Gerhard, Ripke, Stephan, Neale, Benjamin M., Corvin, Aiden, Walters, James T.R., Farh, Kai How, Holmans, Peter A., Lee, Phil, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Collier, David A., Huang, Hailiang, Pers, Tune H., Agartz, Ingrid, Agerbo, Esben, Albus, Margot, Alexander, Madeline, Amin, Farooq, Bacanu, Silviu A., Begemann, Martin, Belliveau, Richard A., Bene, Judit, Bergen, Sarah E., Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Bigdeli, Tim B., Black, Donald W., Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G., Buckner, Randy L., Byerley, William, Cahn, Wiepke, Cai, Guiqing, Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M., Carr, Vaughan J., Carrera, Noa, Catts, Stanley V., Chambert, Kimberly D., Chan, Raymond C.K., Chen, Ronald Y.L., Chen, Eric Y.H., Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric F.C., Chong, Siow Ann, Cloninger, C. Robert, Cohen, David, Kahn, René S., Van Os, Jim, Strengman, Eric, Ophoff, Roel A., Psychosis Endophenotypes International Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium, and Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

Subjects
schizophrenia, accuracy, genome-wide SNPs, Genetics, linkage disequilibrium score regression, body mass index, Genetics(clinical), genetic correlation, genomic restricted maximum likelihood, SNP heritability, biasedness, height
Abstract

Genetic correlation is a key population parameter that describes the shared genetic architecture of complex traits and diseases. It can be estimated by current state-of-art methods, i.e., linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and genomic restricted maximum likelihood (GREML). The massively reduced computing burden of LDSC compared to GREML makes it an attractive tool, although the accuracy (i.e., magnitude of standard errors) of LDSC estimates has not been thoroughly studied. In simulation, we show that the accuracy of GREML is generally higher than that of LDSC. When there is genetic heterogeneity between the actual sample and reference data from which LD scores are estimated, the accuracy of LDSC decreases further. In real data analyses estimating the genetic correlation between schizophrenia (SCZ) and body mass index, we show that GREML estimates based on ∼150,000 individuals give a higher accuracy than LDSC estimates based on ∼400,000 individuals (from combined meta-data). A GREML genomic partitioning analysis reveals that the genetic correlation between SCZ and height is significantly negative for regulatory regions, which whole genome or LDSC approach has less power to detect. We conclude that LDSC estimates should be carefully interpreted as there can be uncertainty about homogeneity among combined meta-datasets. We suggest that any interesting findings from massive LDSC analysis for a large number of complex traits should be followed up, where possible, with more detailed analyses with GREML methods, even if sample sizes are lesser.

Published
2018

233. Open What! Some Personal Comments On Changing University Admission Requirements

Author

Black, Donald B.

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION
Abstract

Of the moment, the latest bete noire in higher education is open admission policy, that is, admission barriers are so reduced that any graduate of a high school may attend university regardless of program or academic qualifications. Educators are watching the experimental programs of The Open University in England and City University of New York (CUNY) with great interest. The same theme was evident at the 1971 Annual Meeting of the Canadian Service for Admission to College and University.1 References to accessibility to higher education abound in the current literature and open admission is part of that picture., Journal of Educational Thought / Revue de la Pensée Educative, Vol 6 No 1 (1972)

Published
2018
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236. THE ELEMENTARY FORMS OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT**Reprinted with permission (and minor revision) from pages 43–69 in New Directions in the Study of Justice, Law, and Social Control, prepared by the School of Justice Studies, Arizona State University. New York: Plenum Press, 1990.This essay was originally presented in the Distinguished Scholar Lecture Series, School of Justice Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, February 9, 1987. I thank the following people for commenting on an earlier draft: M. P. Baumgartner, Albert Bergesen, Albert K. Cohen, Mark Cooney, Kathleen Ferraro, John Griffiths, John Hepburn, John Herrmann, Allan V. Horwitz, Pat Lauderdale, Calvin Morrill, Michael Musheno, Annamarie Oliverio, Roberta Senechal, and James Tucker.

Author

Black, Donald, primary

Published
1993
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238. CRIME AS SOCIAL CONTROL**Reprinted with permission (and minor revision) from pages 1–27 in Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Volume 2: Selected Problems, edited by Donald Black. Orlando: Academic Press, 1984. A shorter version appeared in the American Sociological Review 48 (February, 1983): 34–45, and permission was also obtained from the American Sociological Association.The following people made helpful comments on an earlier draft: M. P. Baumgartner, John L. Comaroff, Mark Cooney, Jack P. Gibbs, Richard O. Lempert, Craig B. Little, Sally Engle Merry, Alden D. Miller, Calvin K. Morrill, Trevor W. Nagel, Lloyd E. Ohlin, Alan Stone, and Sheldon Stryker.

Author

Black, Donald, primary

Published
1993
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239. SOCIAL CONTROL OF THE SELF**Reprinted with permission (and minor revision) from pages 39–49 of the Virginia Review of Sociology, Volume 1: Law and Conflict Management, edited by James Tucker. Greenwich: JAI Press, 1992.The following people commented on an earlier version: M. P. Baumgartner, Charles Cappell, Mark Cooney, John Griffiths, John Herrmann, Allan Horwitz, Setsuo Miyazawa, Calvin Morrill, Steven Nock, Roberta Senechal, James Tucker, and Charles Wood.

Author

Black, Donald, primary

Published
1993
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241. COMPENSATION AND THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF MISFORTUNE**Reprinted (with minor revision) by permission of the Law and Society Association from the Law and Society Review 21 (Number 4,1987): 563–584.This essay was originally prepared for a symposium entitled “Issues in Compensatory Justice,” held at the University of Virginia on January 27,1986. The symposium was organized and chaired by Ravindra S. Khare and sponsored by the Committee on the Comparative Study of the Individual and Society of the University's Center for Advanced Studies.The following people commented on earlier drafts: M. P. Baumgartner, Mark Cooney, Robert C. Ellickson, David M. Engel, John Griffiths, Allan V. Horwitz, John Jarvis, Robert L. Kidder, Saul X. Levmore, Albert J. Reiss, Jr., Roberta Senechal, James Tucker, and Charles O. Wood.

Author

Black, Donald, primary

Published
1993
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242. Bad boys, bad men

Author

Black Donald W

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Published
2001

246. Genome Scan of Schizophrenia

Author

Levinson, Douglas F., Mahtani, Melanie M., Nancarrow, Derek J., Brown, Donna M., Kruglyak, Leonid, Kirby, Andrew, Hayward, Nicholas K., Crowe, Raymond R., Andreasen, Nancy C., Black, Donald W., Silverman, Jeremy M., Endicott, Jean, Sharpe, Lawrence, Mohs, Richard C., Siever, Larry J., Walters, Marilyn K., Lennon, David P., Jones, Helen L., Nurs., B., Nertney, Deborah A., Daly, Mark J., Gladis, Madeline, and Mowry, Bryan J.

Published
1998

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