616 results on '"ALI, Alghamdi"'
Search Results
202. ANALYSIS OF MRI UTILIZATION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA
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Ali Alghamdi and Majed Alahmari
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Pediatric Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI Utilization Clinical Indication - Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Utilization of pediatric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at a single public hospital. Method: Ethical approval was obtained for data records of pediatric MRI scans from 1st January to 31st December 2018 to be extracted from the Radiology Information System (RIS) at the King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. Usage rates were classified and analysed according to the major influencing factors, namely age, gender, admission type, exam type, indication and the use of contrast agents.The frequency variations of genders were evaluated, and the chi-square test was used to analyse whether there was an association between age and other categories such as admission and exam types. Results: Overall, the study shows a pediatric MRI usage rate per MRI unit visit of 5.1%. Headache, back pain, pain and undescended testes were the most common indications in neuroradiology, spine, musculoskeletal and abdomen and pelvis exams, respectively. Among outpatients, more males had an MRI scan than females (49/77= 63.6 %, p= 0.169) while among inpatients, more females had an MRI scan than males (47/75= 62.7 % p= 0.728). Inpatients who had an MRI scan were significantly younger (mean age = 2.40, std = ? 4.1) than the outpatients (mean age = 6.6, std = ? 4.6) p = 0.000. There was a significant difference between the mean age of patients undergone brain MRI and different exam types as the mean age of brain was 3.3 ? 4.6, 7.4 ? 4.9 (p= 0.02) for spinal scans, 7.1 ? 3.9(p= 0.000) for musculoskeletal exams and 6.3 ? 5.2(p = 0.018) for abdomen and pelvis exams. Conclusion: Pediatric MRI usage was significantly influenced by age, most notably between outpatients and inpatients and between exam types.
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- 2020
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203. Hypertension screening, prevalence, and awareness in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
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Ziad Eidhah Sharaf Alzahrani, Masoud Basheer O. Alshammari, Abdulmohsin Ahmed Ali Alghamdi, Fahad Nasser Ali Alnahari, Arwa Abduallah Zabran, and Seham Matar Alotaibi
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medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,Cross-sectional study ,business.industry ,Population ,Awareness level ,Adult population ,Normal body mass index ,Hypertension complications ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Young adult ,education ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Background: Hypertension is common in Saudi Arabia, and its prevalence is rising, yet it remains inadequately controlled. Few studies could characterize the epidemiology and management of hypertension across many heterogeneous subgroups. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the proportion of adults with hypertension who have been screened and to determine the status of hypertension awareness of the general adult population in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1,000 adults who were 18-year old and above, during a period of 3 months (May to August 2019) to explore the awareness regarding risk factors, management, preventions of hypertension complications among the Saudi population. Data were collected by a previously standardized structured questionnaire with closed-end questions. Results: Out of the total participants, more than half were males (57.4%) and most of them (81%) resided in the urban areas. The results indicate a higher level of hypertension awareness among males and rural participants. Conclusion: A higher prevalence of hypertension among males was reported, who were young adults less than 35-year old, having normal body mass index, and were urban residents. The awareness level was higher among males and rural participants than females and urban ones.
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- 2020
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204. Secure Service Provisioning Scheme for Lightweight IoT Devices With a Fair Payment System and an Incentive Mechanism Based on Blockchain
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Ishtiaq Ali, Turki Ali Alghamdi, Muhammad Shafiq, and Nadeem Javaid
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Cryptocurrency ,Service (systems architecture) ,IoT ,Blockchain ,secure service provisioning ,General Computer Science ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Hash function ,Payment system ,02 engineering and technology ,Encryption ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,lightweight clients ,media_common ,business.industry ,Advanced Encryption Standard ,General Engineering ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Service provider ,Incentive ,incentive mechanism ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,business ,PoA ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,Computer network ,Reputation - Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) industry is growing very fast to transform factories, homes, farms and practically everything else to make them efficient and intelligent. IoT is applied in different resilient scenarios and applications. IoT faces lots of challenges due to lack of computational power, battery and storage resources. Fortunately, the rise of blockchain technology facilitates IoT in many security solutions. Using blockchain, communication between IoT and emerging computing technologies is made efficient. In this work, we propose a secure service provisioning scheme with a fair payment system for Lightweight Clients (LCs) based on blockchain. Furthermore, an incentive mechanism based on reputation is proposed. We use consortium blockchain with the Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus mechanism. Furthermore, we use Smart Contracts (SCs) to validate the services provided by the Service Providers (SPs) to the LCs, transfer cryptocurrency to the SPs and maintain the reputation of the SPs. Moreover, the Keccak256 hashing algorithm is used for converting the data of arbitrary size to the hash of fixed size. AES128 encryption technique is used to encrypt service codes before sending to the LCs. The simulation results show that the LCs receive validated services from the SPs at an affordable cost. The results also depict that the participation rate of SPs is increased because of the incentive mechanism.
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- 2020
205. Evaluation of arising exposure of ionizing radiation from computed tomography and the associated health concerns
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Ali Alghamdi and Elfatih Abuelhia
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medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Dose Length Product ,Radiation dose ,food and beverages ,Computed tomography ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,0104 chemical sciences ,Ionizing radiation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Occupational exposure ,Tomography ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) scans involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which can present unavoidable risks. CT is one of the largest contributors to man-made radiation dose in medical popul...
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- 2020
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206. An Investigation of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Concerning Asthma among Patients in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Ali Alghamdi and Abeer Alatawi
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Asthma - Published
- 2020
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207. Antibacterial Activity of Tannic Acid and Tannic Acid/Amphiphilic Cationic Polymer Mixtures
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Michelle Webb, Hind Ali Alghamdi, Fatimah M. Alzahrani, and Stephen G. Yeates
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Chemistry ,Cationic polymerization ,macromolecular substances ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Amphiphile ,Tannic acid ,Organic chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Antibacterial activity - Abstract
In this study, the antibacterial activity of tannic acid/amphiphilic cationic polymer (poly{2-[(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl-ammonium chloride}, PMADQUAT) and tannic acid mixtures was examined on the strains of Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli CI2, E. coli K12, Klebsiella pneumonia and P. aeruginosa) bacteria. Tannic acid exhibited the antibacterial activity against all the studied bacterial strains. The ester linkage between glucose and gallic acid is vital for the antimicrobial activity of tannic acid. Tannic acid inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli K12 (1 wt%) and reduced the growth of P. aeruginosa to 23%. Mixing cationic polymers having different structures (statistical copolymer, homopolymer and diblock polymer) with tannic acid lead to an increase in antibacterial activity of tannic acid and the stability and clarity of mixtures was higher than that of a pure tannic acid solution. Tannic acid/diblock polymer and tannic acid/homopolymer mixtures (0.1 wt%) were excellent for inhibiting the growth of planktonic E. coli K12 bacteria, and a low concentration (0.0001 wt%) of tannic acid/diblock polymer reduced its growth to 19%. By contrast, the tannic acid/statistical polymer mixture (0.0001 wt%) was excellent for inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive S. aureus bacteria.
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- 2020
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208. Prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Among Saudi Medical Students and Associated Risk Factors
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Ehab A. M. Frah, Mohammed Jalal, Malik Altayar, Abeer Alatawi, Ali Alghamdi, and Abdulaziz Albalwi
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Generalized anxiety disorder ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2020
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209. Are Radiology Technologists Satisfied with Their Work? A Cross-Sectional Study from Taif Hospitals
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Shaima’a Almarghoub, Sarah Alzahrani, Shahad Alhamami, Ali Alghamdi, Nahla Faizo, Shahad Altwerqi, Nada Almalki, Magbool Alelyani, Sultan Alamri, and Ghaida’a Almarghoub
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Data collection ,Cross-sectional study ,business.industry ,Affect (psychology) ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Work (electrical) ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Health care ,medicine ,Anxiety ,Christian ministry ,Job satisfaction ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background: Job satisfaction can affect workers’ behaviour, thereby influencing organisational performance. Workers with low levels of job satisfaction have negative attitudes toward their jobs and may cause depression and anxiety. Purpose: The main aim of this study is to measure the overall job satisfaction among radiographers in Taif city. Methods: This study used the Minnesota Scoring Questionnaire to measure job satisfaction. The data collection was conducted between September 2018 and April 2019 in all major hospitals in Taif. Results: This study revealed that the overall job satisfaction of radiographers was moderate. It is, however, higher among radiographers in armed forces hospitals compared with their counterparts in the Ministry of Health hospitals. The job satisfaction of male radiographers was greater than their female peers. Finally, job satisfaction was high in those who work in advanced modality departments. Conclusion: Job satisfaction is critical for healthcare workers. This study indicated that job satisfaction is moderate for radiographers in Taif hospitals. Factors affecting their satisfaction include the feel of independence and recognition.
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- 2020
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210. Prevalence of Self-Reported Muscle Pain Among Statin Users From National Guard Hospital, Riyadh
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Ihab Suliman, Abdulaziz Batarfi, Hassan Almohammadi, Hisham Aljeraisi, Hassan Alnaserallah, and Ali Alghamdi
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General Engineering - Abstract
Background Statin, a hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, is one of the commonly used lipid-lowering drugs that is used for lowering lipid levels in the body. Muscle pain is a commonly reported adverse effect of statins, yet little is known about the prevalence of muscle pain and statin use in the general population. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All study subjects were adult statin users aged 18 years old or above. A total of 313 patients were included in the study. The study was conducted based on a questionnaire distributed among patients according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Among 313 statin users, patients underwent cardiac catheterization (39, 12.5%), stress test (62; 19.8%), percutaneous coronary intervention (three; 1.0%), and coronary artery bypass graft (six, 1.9%), while 203 patients didn't have any intervention (64.9%). Most of the study subjects were on atorvastatin (139; 44.4%). The prevalence of muscle pain was 73.5%; 95% CI = (68.4% - 78.1%). The most common sites of pain were lower limb pain (160; 51.1%), upper limb pain (145; 46.3%), and trunk pain (96; 30.7%). The common types of pain were joint pain (52; 16.6%), muscle weakness (51; 16.3%), muscle aches (43; 13.7%), and muscle cramps (41; 13.1%); and patients who reported that they stopped statin at some point because of muscle pain were 92 (29.4%). Conclusion Statins are important for managing and preventing ischemic heart diseases. Our study found that muscle pain is highly associated with statin use with a prevalence of 73.5%, which causes many patients to tend to stop taking their medication. Therefore, preventing the side effects by adjusting the proper dose or switching to another type of statin for high-risk patients will help them to continue using the drug. Also, it is important to rule out secondary causes of myopathy such as physical activity, fracture, thyroid dysfunction, or infection.
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- 2022
211. The Promise of Nanotechnology in Personalized Medicine
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Khaled Greish, Antonino Nicolò Fallica, Maha Ali Alghamdi, Nicola Filippo Virzì, Prashant Kesharwani, and Valeria Pittala
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Medicine (miscellaneous) ,personalized medicine ,nanomedicine ,pharmacokinetics ,pharmacogenetics - Abstract
Both personalized medicine and nanomedicine are new to medical practice. Nanomedicine is an application of the advances of nanotechnology in medicine and is being integrated into diagnostic and therapeutic tools to manage an array of medical conditions. On the other hand, personalized medicine, which is also referred to as precision medicine, is a novel concept that aims to individualize/customize therapeutic management based on the personal attributes of the patient to overcome blanket treatment that is only efficient in a subset of patients, leaving others with either ineffective treatment or treatment that results in significant toxicity. Novel nanomedicines have been employed in the treatment of several diseases, which can be adapted to each patient-specific case according to their genetic profiles. In this review, we discuss both areas and the intersection between the two emerging scientific domains. The review focuses on the current situation in personalized medicine, the advantages that can be offered by nanomedicine to personalized medicine, and the application of nanoconstructs in the diagnosis of genetic variability that can identify the right drug for the right patient. Finally, we touch upon the challenges in both fields towards the translation of nano-personalized medicine.
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- 2022
212. The Relationship Between Glycated Hemoglobin Level and The Stage of Periodontitis in Individuals Without Diabetes
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Arwa Banjar, Rusha Alyafi, Ali AlGhamdi, Mohammad Assaggaf, Ammar Almarghlani, Shaymaa Hassan, and Brian Mealey
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Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Background: Glycemic control appeared to have a significant impact on the relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. Since the classification of periodontitis was updated, the current study aims to investigate the association between the stage of periodontitis and HbA1c level in patients considered to be normoglycemic Methods:135 patients with no history of diabetes were included in the study. All patients received full mouth periodontal exam. Periodontal diagnosis was determined according to the 2017 World Workshop on the classification of periodontal disease. The glycemic state of patients was assessed using a chair-side HbA1c analyzer. Results:90 patients in the study were diagnosed with periodontitis. Higher average HbA1c were associated with the different stages of periodontitis (p Conclusion: Periodontitis patients are more likely to have undiagnosed dysglycemia. The elevation in HbA1c level was more evident in patients with stage III and Iv periodontitis. The result of this study suggests that patients with advanced periodontitis might be targeted for diabetes screening.
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- 2022
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213. Magnitude of Diabetic Neuropathy in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Lukman Femi Owolabi, Mushabab Alghamdi, Bappa Adamu, Magaji Garba Taura, Abubakar Jibo, Mohammed Almansour, Saeed Naseer Alaklabi, Mohammed Ali Alghamdi, Yousef Ayesh Alotaibi, Isa Adamu Imam, Reda Abdelrazak, Ahmad Rafaat, and Muktar Aliyu
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Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), due to its potential for causing morbidity and disability from foot ulcers and amputations, is increasingly becoming a source of concern in Saudi Arabia and worldwide. However, wide variability exists in the prevalence of DPN reported in previous studies in Saudi Arabia, limiting the utility of existing data in national public health policy. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the magnitude of DPN in people living with diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia.Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals OnLine, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Wiley Online Library were searched systematically to acquire relevant articles based on preset criteria. We evaluated heterogeneity and publication bias and employed a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of DPN from the included studies. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in conducting the meta-analysis. Analysis was performed using the STATA Version 12 software.Results: Twelve studies with a total of 4,556 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of DPN was 39% (95% CI [30%, 49%]). Subgroup analysis based on diagnostic method showed that prevalence estimates for DPN using screening questionnaires and clinical examination were 48% (95% CI [46%, 50%]) and 40% (95% CI: [38%, 42%]), respectively, while the estimated prevalence using nerve conduction studies was 26% (95% CI [15%, 36%]). Conclusion: This study showed a high magnitude of DPN in Saudi Arabia (39%), thus highlighting the need for sustained efforts to reduce the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and DPN in the kingdom.
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- 2022
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214. Caries Risk Assessment Using the Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) Protocol among the General Population of Sakaka, Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study
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Azhar Iqbal, Osama Khattak, Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary, Meshal Aber Al Onazi, Hmoud Ali Algarni, Thani AlSharari, Abdullah Alshehri, Mohammed Mustafa, Rakhi Issrani, Ebtehal Yanallah Mohamed Alghamdi, Alaa Yahya Ali Alghamdi, and Nojoud Omar Ahmad Balubaid
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Male ,Dental Caries Susceptibility ,disease indicators ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Saudi Arabia ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,CAMBRA ,Risk Assessment ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Risk Factors ,dental caries ,protective factors ,Humans ,Medicine ,Female ,caries risk assessment - Abstract
Background: Caries risk assessment is a useful tool in caries prevention and management. Using a tool such as CAMBRA, every individual can be assessed according to his or her disease indicators, risk factors, and protective factors for the current and future caries. Aim: This study aimed to assess caries risk among the general population of Sakaka, Saudi Arabia using the CAMBRA protocol. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at university dental clinics using a questionnaire that was formulated using the CAMBRA caries risk assessment tool; afterwards, all 160 participants were intra-orally examined to assess oral hygiene status and presence of disease. Independent t-tests, ANOVAs, and chi-square tests were performed for analysis. Results: The majority of participants had one or more disease indicators, with white spots and visible cavities (71.3%), and the most commonly present risk factor was visible heavy plaque on teeth (82.5%). The use of fluoridated toothpaste (92.5%) was the most common protective factor. The majority of participants (85%) were in the ‘High’ category of Caries risk assessment. The prevalence of high caries risk was significantly higher among the rural participants compared to the urban (p p Conclusion: The caries risk among the general population of Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, is high, with significant variation among age groups, education levels, and geographical locations.
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- 2022
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215. Cellular interaction of polymeric micelles in targeted drug delivery systems: the road from tissue to cell
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Maha Ali Alghamdi, Najwa Mohamad, Faris Mohammed Alsobyan, Khaled Greish, and Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
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- 2022
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216. Biallelic variants in HECT E3 paralogs, HECTD4 and UBE3C, encoding ubiquitin ligases cause neurodevelopmental disorders that overlap with Angelman syndrome
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Eissa A. Faqeih, Malak Ali Alghamdi, Marwa A. Almahroos, Essa Alharby, Makki Almuntashri, Amnah M. Alshangiti, Prouteau Clément, Daniel G. Calame, Leila Qebibo, Lydie Burglen, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Mario Mastrangelo, Annalaura Torella, Filippo Manti, Vincenzo Nigro, Ziegler Alban, Ghadeer Saleh Alharbi, Jamil Amjad Hashmi, Rawya Alraddadi, Razan Alamri, Tadahiro Mitani, Barth Magalie, Zeynep Coban-Akdemir, Bilgen Bilge Geckinli, Davut Pehlivan, Antonio Romito, Vasiliki Karageorgou, Javier Martini, Estelle Colin, Dominique Bonneau, Aida Bertoli-Avella, James R. Lupski, Annalisa Pastore, Roy W.A. Peake, Ashraf Dallol, Majid Alfadhel, Naif A.M. Almontashiri, Faqeih, Eissa A, Alghamdi, Malak Ali, Almahroos, Marwa A, Alharby, Essa, Almuntashri, Makki, Alshangiti, Amnah M, Clément, Prouteau, Calame, Daniel G, Qebibo, Leila, Burglen, Lydie, Doco-Fenzy, Martine, Mastrangelo, Mario, Torella, Annalaura, Manti, Filippo, Nigro, Vincenzo, Alban, Ziegler, Alharbi, Ghadeer Saleh, Hashmi, Jamil Amjad, Alraddadi, Rawya, Alamri, Razan, Mitani, Tadahiro, Magalie, Barth, Coban-Akdemir, Zeynep, Geckinli, Bilgen Bilge, Pehlivan, Davut, Romito, Antonio, Karageorgou, Vasiliki, Martini, Javier, Colin, Estelle, Bonneau, Dominique, Bertoli-Avella, Aida, Lupski, James R, Pastore, Annalisa, Peake, Roy W A, Dallol, Ashraf, Alfadhel, Majid, Almontashiri, Naif A M, and Faqeih E. A. , Alghamdi M. A. , Almahroos M. A. , Alharby E., Almuntashri M., Alshangiti A. M. , Clément P., Calame D. G. , Qebibo L., Burglen L., et al.
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GENETİK VE KALITIM ,HECTD4 ,Intellectual disability ,Life Sciences (LIFE) ,Molecular Biology and Genetics ,Sağlık Bilimleri ,Tıbbi Genetik ,E3 ligase ,Neurobehavioral differences ,UBE3C ,Yaşam Bilimleri ,Health Sciences ,GENETICS & HEREDITY ,Moleküler Biyoloji ve Genetik ,Neurobehavioral difference ,Genetics (clinical) ,Internal Medicine Sciences ,Temel Bilimler ,Life Sciences ,Dahili Tıp Bilimleri ,Tıp ,MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS ,Yaşam Bilimleri (LIFE) ,Genetik (klinik) ,Medicine ,Natural Sciences ,Medical Genetics - Abstract
© 2022 American College of Medical Genetics and GenomicsPurpose: Pathogenic variants in genes encoding ubiquitin E3 ligases are known to cause neurodevelopmental syndromes. Additional neurodevelopmental disorders associated with the other genes encoding E3 ligases are yet to be identified. Methods: Chromosomal analysis and exome sequencing were used to identify the genetic causes in 10 patients from 7 unrelated families with syndromic neurodevelopmental, seizure, and movement disorders and neurobehavioral phenotypes. Results: In total, 4 patients were found to have 3 different homozygous loss-of-function (LoF) variants, and 3 patients had 4 compound heterozygous missense variants in the candidate E3 ligase gene, HECTD4, that were rare, absent from controls as homozygous, and predicted to be deleterious in silico. In 3 patients from 2 families with Angelman-like syndrome, paralog-directed candidate gene approach detected 2 LoF variants in the other candidate E3 ligase gene, UBE3C, a paralog of the Angelman syndrome E3 ligase gene, UBE3A. The RNA studies in 4 patients with LoF variants in HECTD4 and UBE3C provided evidence for the LoF effect. Conclusion: HECTD4 and UBE3C are novel biallelic rare disease genes, expand the association of the other HECT E3 ligase group with neurodevelopmental syndromes, and could explain some of the missing heritability in patients with a suggestive clinical diagnosis of Angelman syndrome.
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- 2022
217. Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer
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Mohamed Haider, Amr Elsherbeny, Valeria Pittalà, Valeria Consoli, Maha Ali Alghamdi, Zahid Hussain, Ghalia Khoder, and Khaled Greish
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Lung Neoplasms ,QH301-705.5 ,Drug Resistance ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Catalysis ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Biology (General) ,Chemotherapeutic agents ,Molecular Biology ,QD1-999 ,Spectroscopy ,nanotechnology ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Drug Resistance, Multiple ,Computer Science Applications ,Chemistry ,Nanomedicine ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Drug delivery ,Neoplasm ,Lung cancer ,Multiple - Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer occurrence and mortality worldwide. Treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic LC presents a significant challenge, as malignant cells use different mechanisms to resist chemotherapy. Drug resistance (DR) is a complex process that occurs due to a variety of genetic and acquired factors. Identifying the mechanisms underlying DR in LC patients and possible therapeutic alternatives for more efficient therapy is a central goal of LC research. Advances in nanotechnology resulted in the development of targeted and multifunctional nanoscale drug constructs. The possible modulation of the components of nanomedicine, their surface functionalization, and the encapsulation of various active therapeutics provide promising tools to bypass crucial biological barriers. These attributes enhance the delivery of multiple therapeutic agents directly to the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in reversal of LC resistance to anticancer treatment. This review provides a broad framework for understanding the different molecular mechanisms of DR in lung cancer, presents novel nanomedicine therapeutics aimed at improving the efficacy of treatment of various forms of resistant LC; outlines current challenges in using nanotechnology for reversing DR; and discusses the future directions for the clinical application of nanomedicine in the management of LC resistance.
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- 2022
218. Tomographic Voxel Deformable Phantom, Full Body Model for Radiation Protection Assessment
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Ali Alghamdi
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- 2022
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219. The Quality of Life among the Adult Population during COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
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Reda Abdelmoaty Goweda, Turki Nizar Hammad, Zakaria Ali Khan, Ahmed Ali Alghamdi, Abdulaziz Otaywi Alyazidi, Abdullah Ghazi Alharbi, Khalid Abdulrahman Almalki, Mohammed Abdulaziz Alzahrani, and Ahmad Abdulaziz Alzubaidi
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Background: Quality of Life (QoL) is affected by many factors such as age, sex, mental health, relationships, economic status, sociodemographic characteristics and stress. The COVID-19 pandemic is a stressful factor globally, which may affect QoL. Therefore, this study assessed the QoL among the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study evaluated the QoL in the general population of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire. A p-value
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- 2022
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220. List of contributors
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Ahmed S. Abo Dena, Mohammed A.S. Abourehab, Waad H. Abuwatfa, Mona M. Agwa, Amit Alexander, Maha Ali Alghamdi, Marah Alhamoud, M. Azam Ali, Nour M. AlSawaftah, Faris Mohammed Alsobyan, Waqar Aman, Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin, Muhammad Wahab Amjad, Kholoud K. Arafa, Layal Ashi, Fatemah Bahman, Yamini Bobde, Gerrit Borchard, Adeel Masood Butt, Rambabu Dandela, Xiaoxuan Deng, Sunil Kumar Dubey, M. Ezgi Durgun, Ibrahim M. El-Sherbiny, M.S. Eslam, Jun Fang, Umer Farooq, Mahak Fatima, Balaram Ghosh, Maree Gould, Maree L. Gould, Khaled Greish, Sevgi Güngör, Ziyad S. Haidar, Mai Hazekawa, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Daisuke Ishibashi, Rayhanul Islam, Supriya Jain, Anfal Jasim, Renjith P. Johnson, Emine Kahraman, Takanori Kanazawa, Ananya Kar, Gowtham Kenguva, Prashant Kesharwani, Arooj Khan, Rahima Khan, Likhitha Purna Kondapaneni, Amna Albu Mahmud, Franck Marquet, Najwa Mohamad, Takuya Nishinakagawa, Yıldız Özsoy, Manisha Pandey, Neha N. Parayath, Sebastián E. Pérez, Maria Abdul Ghafoor Raja, Mohamed Raslan, Smruti Rekha Rout, Sally A. Sabra, Nagwa A. Sabri, Amirhossein Sahebkar, A.R. Sara, Vanshikha Singh, Maria Talat, Xiang Yi Chen, and Muhammad Zaman
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- 2022
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221. Biological toxicity and environmental hazards associated with polymeric micelles
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Marah Alhamoud, Xiang Yi Chen, Maha Ali Alghamdi, Khaled Greish, and Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
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- 2022
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222. Thermal Properties and Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Poly (δ-Valerolactone) and Poly (δ-Valerolactone)/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites
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Waseem Sharaf Saeed, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Ali Alrahlah, and Taieb Aouak
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poly(δ-valerolactone)/titanium dioxide nanocomposite ,preparation ,thermal behavior ,non-isothermal crystallization kinetics ,thermal stability ,Crystallography ,QD901-999 - Abstract
New poly (δ-valerolactone)/titanium dioxide (PDVL/TiO2) nanocomposites with different TiO2 nanoparticle loadings were prepared by the solvent-casting method and characterized by Fourier transform infra-red, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry analyses. The results obtained reveal good dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in the polymer matrix and non-formation of new crystalline structures indicating the stability of the crystallinity of TiO2 in the composite. A significant increase in the degree of crystallinity was observed with increasing TiO2 content. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of the PDVL/TiO2 system indicate that the crystallization process involves the simultaneous occurrence of two- and three-dimensional spherulitic growths. The thermal degradation analysis of this nanocomposite reveals a significant improvement in the thermal stability with increasing TiO2 loading.
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- 2018
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223. Study of Static and Dynamic Behavior of a Membrane Reactor for Hydrogen Production
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Rubayyi T. Alqahtani, Abdelhamid Ajbar, Samir Kumar Bhowmik, and Rabab Ali Alghamdi
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Chemistry ,multiple steady states ,membrane reactor ,hydrogen ,ammonia ,permeation ,Chemical technology ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,TP1-1185 ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The paper investigates the stability and bifurcation phenomena that can occur in membrane reactors for the production of hydrogen by ammonia decomposition. A simplified mixed model of the membrane reactor is studied and two expressions of hydrogen permeation are investigated. The effect of the model design and operating parameters on the existence of steady state multiplicity is discussed. In this regard, it is shown that the adsorption-inhibition effect caused by the competitive adsorption of ammonia can lead to the occurrence of multiple steady states in the model. The steady state multiplicity exists for a wide range of feed ammonia concentration and reactor residence time. The effect of the adsorption constant, the membrane surface area and its permeability on the steady state multiplicity is delineated. The analysis also shows that no Hopf bifurcation can occur in the studied model.
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- 2021
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224. Effect of Surface Polishing on Nano-Hardness and Elastic Modulus of Different Resin Composites after Immersion in Alcoholic Medium
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Dhaifallah Alqarni, Ali Alghamdi, Amr Saad, Abdullah Ali H. Alzahrani, and Keiichi Hosaka
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resin composite ,Technology ,nano-hardness ,Science ,elastic modulus ,quality of life ,dental material ,surface roughness ,dental public health ,oral health ,Ceramics and Composites ,Engineering (miscellaneous) - Abstract
There has been a great tendency toward using resin composite in dentistry and exploring nano-hardness, elastic modulus, and effect of polishing on its mechanical properties after its artificial ageing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of surface polishing of four different resin composites on their nano-hardness and elastic modulus. This effect was tested right after light curing of composite resin and after its artificial ageing (immersion in alcoholic medium). Nanoindentation test preparations, surface roughness, surface hardness, and scanning electron microscope were conducted across the four different resin composites: Clearfil AP-X (APX), Estelite Sigma Quick (ESQ), Beautifil II (BE2), and FiltekTM Supreme Ultra Universal restorative (FSU). We found that difference in fillers load and particle size are amongst the factors influencing hardness and modulus of elasticity. The APX is the highest in term of hardness due to fillers load and size while the ESQ is the lowest because all fillers in nano size and distributed homogenously. The significance of surface polishing of the studied resin composite restorations was highlighted. Future research may focus on exploring survival rate of polished and non-polished composite surfaces with emphasis on measuring degree of conversion and impacts of polished and non-polished surfaces on the individuals’ oral health quality of life.
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- 2021
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225. Micro-Plasma Assisted Synthesis of ZnO Nanosheets for the Efficient Removal of Cr6+ from the Aqueous Solution
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Kamal Kishor, Meenu Saini, Maninder Singh, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Nabil Al-Zaqri, Fahad A. Alharthi, Nidhi Chhillar, Brijnandan S. Dehiya, and Pawan Kumar
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Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,General Chemical Engineering ,Kinetics ,Solvothermal synthesis ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Zinc ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,ZnO nanosheets ,Ion ,Inorganic Chemistry ,fibroblast cells ,Adsorption ,lcsh:QD901-999 ,General Materials Science ,Aqueous solution ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Transmission electron microscopy ,Cr(VI) ion ,lcsh:Crystallography ,adsorption isotherms ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Herein, we report a micro-plasma assisted solvothermal synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanosheets (ZnO-NSs) and their application for the removal of Cr6+ ion from aqueous solution. The morphological investigations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the high-density growth of nanosheets with the typical sizes in the range of 145.8&ndash, 320.25 nm. The typical surface area of the synthesized ZnO-NSs, observed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), was found to be 948 m2/g. The synthesized ZnO-NSs were used as efficient absorbent for the removal of Cr6+ ion from aqueous solution. Various parameters such as pH, contact time, amount of adsorbate and adsorbent on the removal efficiency of Cr6+ ion was optimized and presented in this paper. At optimized conditions, the highest value for removal was 87.1% at pH = 2 while the calculated maximum adsorption capacity was ~87.37 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm data were found to be best fitted to Temkin adsorption isotherm and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Furthermore, the toxicity of ZnO-NSs were also examined against fibroblast cells, which show favorable results and proved that it can be used for wastewater treatment.
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- 2021
226. Magnitude of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Lukman Femi Owolabi, Mushabab Alghamdi, Bappa Adamu, Magaji Garba Taura, Abubakar Jibo, Mohammed Almansour, Saeed Naseer Alaklabi, Mohammed Ali Alghamdi, Yousef Ayesh Alotaibi, Isa Adamu Imam, Reda Abdelrazak, Ahmad Rafaat, and Muktar Hassan Aliyu
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Diabetic Neuropathies ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Saudi Arabia ,Prevalence ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,General Medicine ,NAD ,Amputation, Surgical - Abstract
Background Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), due to its potential for causing morbidity and disability from foot ulcers and amputations, is increasingly becoming a source of concern in Saudi Arabia and worldwide. However, wide variability exists in the prevalence of DPN reported in previous studies in Saudi Arabia, limiting the utility of existing data in national public health policy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the magnitude of DPN in patients living with DM in Saudi Arabia in order to inform policymakers during the implementation of appropriate preventive and treatment strategies for DPN. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Wiley Online Library were searched systematically to acquire relevant articles based on preset criteria. We evaluated heterogeneity and publication bias and employed a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of DPN from the included studies. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in conducting the meta-analysis. Analysis was performed using the STATA Version 12 software. Results Twelve studies with a total of 4,556 participants living with DM, of whom 2,081 were identified as having DPN were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of DPN was 39% (95% CI [30%, 49%]). Subgroup analysis based on diagnostic method showed that prevalence estimates for DPN using screening questionnaires and clinical examination were 48% (95% CI [46%, 50%]) and 40% (95% CI: [38%, 42%]), respectively, while the estimated prevalence using nerve conduction studies was 26% (95% CI [15%, 36%]). Conclusion This study showed a high magnitude of DPN in Saudi Arabia (39%), thus highlighting the need for sustained efforts to reduce the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and DPN in the kingdom.
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- 2021
227. Knowledge and Attitude of Saudi Students towards Plagiarism—A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
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Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Abdulrahman A Alduraywish, Modhi Mohammed Nasser Alfawzan, Abdullah Hamdan Mashog Alruwili, Mshari Ali Abdullah Alolait, Rakhi Issrani, Fahad Muqbil Aljohani, Namdeo Prabhu, Alaa Yahya Ali Alghamdi, and Rehana Basri
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Male ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,knowledge ,Cross-sectional study ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Saudi Arabia ,Scientific literature ,Article ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Students ,Female students ,Medical education ,Copying ,questionnaire ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,attitude ,plagiarism ,policy ,Medicine ,Research questions ,Female ,Psychology - Abstract
Background: Plagiarism (Plg) is an unacceptable practice since it affects the integrity of scientific literature. Aim and objectives: To seek students’ knowledge and attitude regarding Plg and solicit suggestions to prevent Plg in our institute. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain whether students’ knowledge and attitudes about Plg differ by their demographic characteristics and academic years. Methodology: A 32 item questionnaire was given to all the undergraduate (UG) students of the College of Medicine and Dentistry, Jouf University, KSA. The research questions focused on demographic information, knowledge and attitude regarding Plg, and suggestions to curb Plg. Results: A total of 134 UG students filled out the survey. The samples consisted of 97 males and 37 females. Most of the students displayed adequate knowledge regarding Plg in terms of copying words or ideas, quoting references, and copying words without changing the matter. As compared to female students, male students had better awareness regarding meaningful and harmful effects of practicing Plg (p < 0.05). Additionally, our results indicate that as students climb the academic ladder, their awareness on Plg tends to rise. Common reasons for plagiarizing are discussed here together with suggestions to combat Plg. Conclusion: The results of this study can be mainly taken as an eye opener which demonstrates the vital factors pertaining to the level of students’ knowledge about Plg, and to eradicate the problem, there is a need for more discussions and training on this topic for students.
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- 2021
228. The Efficiency of Telmisartan in Hypertension Management as a Monotherapy or Combined; Literature Review
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Ali Mohammed Salem Alghanmi, Feras Salah Beitar, Shireen Elfaham, Saeed Ali Alghamdi, Khalid Salem Audah Albalawi, Rawan Obaid Almutairi, Mohammed Sadiq Aldahneen, Nariman Ahmad Dyab, Liyan Khaled Afaneh, and Faisal Abdulaziz Almanneai
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Hypertension management ,General Medicine ,Telmisartan ,business ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
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229. Behaviours and educational effect on the improvement of self-care among the diabetics
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Faisal Ahmad Aljuhani, Waleed Jamal Aloqbi, Israa Aqeel Alshakhs, Hawra Baqer Al Ali, Bayan Emad Al Abbad, Abdulaziz Abdulbasit Qari, Omar Mohammed Alburaidi, Ahmed Saud Aldablan, Abeer Nahi Alruwaili, Faisal Fahad Alharbi, and Ashwaq Ali Alghamdi
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Automotive Engineering - Abstract
Globally diabetes causes a huge burden due its significant morbidity and mortality. In year 2019 almost 4.2 million people died from diabetic complications. Self-care is essential in management of diabetes since lifestyle modifications can successfully help in preventing diabetes associated complications. People with diabetes should engage in self-care practices to manage their condition. Diabetes education is essential to improve self-care for patients with the disease. The purpose of this research is to review the available information behaviours and educational effect on the improvement of self-care among the diabetics. A key element of diabetic management is sufficient knowledge of the disease as more education can develop a sense of empowerment and improve quality of life of patients. Patients with diabetes have demands that extend beyond just maintaining optimal glucose control and include preventing complications, limiting their impairment, and receiving rehabilitation. Healthy diet, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, adherence to medicine, strong problem-solving abilities, healthy coping mechanisms, and risk-reduction behaviours are the seven fundamental self-care behaviours in people with diabetes that predict positive results. Patient self-care is a cornerstone of diabetes care and is thought to increase patients' effectiveness in managing their condition by increasing awareness of the disease and enhancing prevention. It is evident from the available literature that diabetes education promotes self-care which has positive impact on health outcome and helps in managing the metabolic markers. Self-care among patients can only be encouraged through proper education at all healthcare levels.
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- 2022
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230. PREVALENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF DEEP CARIES AND ABSCESS FORMATION IN CHILDREN
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Mohsen Daghustani , Abdulla Khalid Sagga , Hoda Jehad Abousada , Amjad Bukhaytan Alsulami , Shatha Musaad Alharthi , Jawan Alaa Shaker , Bashaer Ali Alghamdi , Bayader Ali Alghamdi , Rania Ali Hassan , Amjad Hamzah Shabaan and Ebtihal Taher Alahdal
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International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR) - Abstract
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR)
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- 2020
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231. iAMCTD: Improved Adaptive Mobility of Courier Nodes in Threshold-Optimized DBR Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks.
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Nadeem Javaid, Mohsin Raza Jafri, Zahoor Ali Khan, Umar Qasim, Turki Ali Alghamdi, and Muhammad Ali
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- 2014
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232. RE-ATTEMPT: A New Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks.
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Ashfaq Ahmad 0001, Nadeem Javaid, Umar Qasim, Mohammad Ishfaq, Zahoor Ali Khan, and Turki Ali Alghamdi
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- 2014
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233. Modeling Enhancements in Routing Protocols under Mobility and Scalability Constraints in VANETs.
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Nadeem Javaid, Mariam Akbar, Zahoor Ali Khan, Turki Ali Alghamdi, Malik Najmus Saqib, and Majid Iqbal Khan
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- 2014
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234. Author response for 'Molecular autopsy by proxy in preconception counseling'
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Esra Alghamdi, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Malak Ali Alghamdi, Hanan E. Shamseldin, Nouran Adly, Majid Alfadhel, Ameinah Alrasheedi, Amal Alhashem, Wajeih Y. AlAali, and Abdulaziz Alshahrani
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,Molecular autopsy ,Medicine ,business ,Proxy (statistics) - Published
- 2021
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235. OVERVIEW OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND ITS OUTPATIENT MANAGEMENT
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Yasir Hameed Albeladi, Saad Ali Alghamdi, Farouq Abdullah Hassan Alghamdi
- Abstract
Patients with neuropathic pain syndrome often express a range of sensory signs and symptoms. The spectrum of these symptoms consists of “painless” to “painless but debilitating” to “painful”. It is characterized by the unusual sensitivity of nociceptive receptors to stimuli (hyperalgesia) with resultant hyperstimulation of the sensory nervous system (allodynia). Stimulation of nociceptor unit receptors, with stimuli-provoked impulse generation that can be spatially and/or temporally summated through its transmission, is likely the causative mechanism of the symptoms patients usually suffer from. It is imperative to reach an exact diagnosis and to explore the pathophysiology of each patient; only when this has been achieved then is it possible to plan adequate symptom-oriented therapeutic strategies. Numerous interventions for neuropathic pain are available, but its treatment remains unsatisfactory. The available treatments mostly have modest efficacy and come with side effects that limit their use whereas some newer therapeutic approaches are preferred for outpatient management. Aim:In this review article, we will discuss an overview of neuropathic pain and its classification and pathophysiology, in addition to the treatment algorithm used for outpatients. Keywords: Neuropathic, pain, trigeminal neuralgia, post-herpetic neuralgia, gabapentin.
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- 2021
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236. Application of black phosphorus for pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber laser
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Somaya Adwan, Sulaiman Wadi Harun, Turki Ali Alghamdi, and Hamzah Arof
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Q-switching ,Mechanical exfoliation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Pulse duration ,Black phosphorus ,Saturable absorption ,QC350-467 ,Optics. Light ,Laser ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Pulse (physics) ,law.invention ,Amplitude modulation ,Mode-locking ,And mode-locking ,law ,Fiber laser ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Pulse-width modulation - Abstract
We demonstrate the production of Q-switched and mode-locked pulses in Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using an exfoliated black phosphorous as saturable absorber. The prepared SA has a modulation depth of 7.5% and it was incorporated into a 6 m long EDFL cavity for Q-switching. The Q-switched laser operated at the centre wavelength of 1559.8 nm owns the shortest pulse width of 2.24 µs, the maximum repetition rate of 98.5 kHz, and the highest pulse energy of 171.7 nJ at the pump power of 134.1 mW. The soliton pulses were achieved in the extended 106 m long EDFL cavity to operate at 1560.0 nm with a frequency and pulse duration of 1.88 MHz and 3.6 ps, respectively. For mode locking operation, the laser generates an average output power of 17.8 mW which is associated with 9.5 nJ pulse energy when the pump power is at 139.4 mW.
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- 2021
237. Interface Assembly to Magnetic Mesoporous Organosilica Microspheres with Tunable Surface Roughness as Advanced Catalyst Carriers and Adsorbents
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Qin Yue, Yuan Ren, Yonghui Deng, Bingjie Yu, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Panpan Pan, Lei Yu, and Xuanyu Yang
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Mesoporous organosilica ,Materials science ,Adsorption ,Chemical engineering ,Specific surface area ,Surface roughness ,Nanoparticle ,Magnetic nanoparticles ,General Materials Science ,Mesoporous material ,Superparamagnetism - Abstract
Surface roughness endows microspheres with unique and useful features and properties like improved hydrophobicity, enhanced adhesion, improved stability at the oil-water interface, and superior cell uptake properties, thus expanding their applications. Core-shell magnetic mesoporous microspheres combine the advantages of magnetic particles and mesoporous materials and have exhibited wide applications in adsorption, catalysis, separation, and drug delivery. In this study, virus-like rough core-shell-shell-structured magnetic mesoporous organosilica (denoted as RMMOS) microspheres with controllable surface roughness were successfully obtained through electrostatic interaction-directed interface co-assembly. The obtained RMMOS microspheres possess uniform spherical morphology with tunable surface roughness, radially aligned pore channels with a diameter of 3.0 nm in the outer organosilica shell, high specific surface area (396 m2/g), large pore volume (0.66 cm3/g), high magnetization (35.1 emu/g), and superparamagnetic property. The RMMOS microspheres serve as desirable candidates to support Au nanoparticles (2.5 nm) and show superior catalytic activity and excellent stability in hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol. In addition, the RMMOS microspheres modified with carboxylic groups further displayed promising performance in convenient adsorption removal of dyes in polluted water.
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- 2021
238. Investigating Spatiotemporal Variability of Water, Energy, and Carbon Flows: A Probabilistic Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Framework for Higher Education Institutions
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Kasun Hewage, Guangji Hu, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Gyan Chhipi-Shrestha, Husnain Haider, and Rehan Sadiq
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analytical hierarchical process ,Occupancy ,Higher education ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Climate change ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Fuzzy logic ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,021108 energy ,benchmarking ,uncertainty ,fuzzy synthetic evaluation ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,TD1-1066 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,probabilistic techniques ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Probabilistic logic ,Benchmarking ,Environmental economics ,GHG emissions ,higher educational institutions ,Greenhouse gas ,Sustainability ,Environmental science ,business - Abstract
Higher education institutions (HEIs) consume significant energy and water and contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. HEIs are under pressure internally and externally to improve their overall performance on reducing GHG emissions within their boundaries. It is necessary to identify critical areas of high GHG emissions within a campus to help find solutions to improve the overall sustainability performance of the campus. An integrated probabilistic-fuzzy framework is developed to help universities address the uncertainty associated with the reporting of water, energy, and carbon (WEC) flows within a campus. The probabilistic assessment using Monte Carlo Simulations effectively addressed the aleatory uncertainties, due to the randomness in the variations of the recorded WEC usages, while the fuzzy synthetic evaluation addressed the epistemic uncertainties, due to vagueness in the linguistic variables associated with WEC benchmarks. The developed framework is applied to operational, academic, and residential buildings at the University of British Columbia (Okanagan Campus). Three scenarios are analyzed, allocating the partial preference to water, or energy, or carbon. Furthermore, nine temporal seasons are generated to assess the variability, due to occupancy and climate changes. Finally, the aggregation is completed for the assessed buildings. The study reveals that climatic and type of buildings significantly affect the overall performance of a university. This study will help the sustainability centers and divisions in HEIs assess the spatiotemporal variability of WEC flows and effectively address the uncertainties to cover a wide range of human judgment.
- Published
- 2021
239. Prevalence of Childhood Obesity among Primary School Students at Taif Governorate, Saudi Arabia
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Rasheed Ali AlGhamdi
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business.industry ,Environmental health ,medicine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Childhood obesity - Abstract
Background: Obesity in children is rapidly emerging as a global epidemic that will have profound public health consequences as overweight children become overweight adults particularly if obesity is present in adolescence. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children between 6-12 years (males and females) at Taif primary schools and determine the associated dietary risk factors for overweight and obesity. Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was implemented included a representative sample of primary school students (boys and girls) enrolled in governmental schools in Taif, Saudi Arabia, 2014-2015. Data were collected by using valid self-administered questionnaire, with family help. It including socio-demographic characteristics and detailed dietary history. Body mass index-for-age percentiles of CDC were utilized in this study to diagnose obesity. Results: Among schoolboys, the prevalence of overweight was 10.7%, while prevalence of obesity was 7.6%; the problem seemed to be worse in girls, where the prevalence of overweight and obesity were 16.8% and 18.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that girls were al almost double risk for developing overweight/obesity compared to boys ((aOR=1.93; 95%CI: 1.03-3.60, p
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- 2019
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240. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation After Oral Vancomycin for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
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Ahlam Ali Alghamdi and Deanne Tabb
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Fecal bacteriotherapy ,Clostridium difficile ,business ,Oral vancomycin ,Microbiology - Published
- 2019
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241. Sex Differences in Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio or Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided Revascularization Strategy
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Chee Hae Kim, Ali Alghamdi, Sayan Sen, Chang-Wook Nam, Kare Tang, Eduardo Alegría-Barrero, Andrew S.P. Sharp, Javier Escaned, Flavo Ribichini, Allen Jeremias, Patrick W. Serruys, John D. Altman, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Salvatore Brugaletta, Iqbal S. Malik, Murat Sezer, Christopher Cook, Waldemar Bojara, Hugo Vinhas, Carlo Di Mario, Christiaan J. Vrints, Suneel Talwar, Ciro Indolfi, Pedro Canas da Silva, Hernán Mejía-Rentería, Yuetsu Kikuta, Arnold H. Seto, Bruce Samuels, Jan J. Piek, Rasha Al-Lamee, Hitoshi Matsuo, Luc Janssens, Mika Laine, Olaf Going, Rajesh K. Kharbanda, Robert Gerber, Joo Myung Lee, Hakim-Moulay Dehbi, Justin E. Davies, Tobias Härle, Niels van Royen, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Sérgio Bravo Baptista, James Sapontis, Ricardo Petraco, Sukhjinder Nijjer, Ahmed Khashaba, Bon Kwon Koo, Manesh R. Patel, Christopher E. Buller, Eric Van Belle, Giampaolo Niccoli, Martijin Meuwissen, Farrel Hellig, Hiroaki Takashima, Andrejs Erglis, Eun-Seok Shin, Habib Samady, Darren L. Walters, Florian Krackhardt, Jasvindar Singh, Ravinay Bhindi, Sam J. Lehman, Joon Hyung Doh, Cardiology, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, HUS Heart and Lung Center, Kardiologian yksikkö, and ACS - Microcirculation
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Male ,Cardiac Catheterization ,Time Factors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,clinical outcome ,MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION ,Fractional flow reserve ,Coronary Artery Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,GUIDELINES ,ANGIOGRAPHY ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recurrence ,Risk Factors ,Cause of Death ,Clinical endpoint ,ARTERY-DISEASE ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,fractional flow reserve ,Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 16] ,ASSOCIATION ,Middle Aged ,Coronary Vessels ,Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ,Treatment Outcome ,Cardiology ,Female ,Sex factors ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,INDEXES ,PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION ,PRESSURE ,Revascularization ,STENOSIS ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,sex ,Humans ,Instantaneous wave-free ratio ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Healthcare Disparities ,instantaneous wave-free ratio ,Aged ,business.industry ,Myocardial fractional flow reserve ,Coronary Stenosis ,Health Status Disparities ,medicine.disease ,Stenosis ,SEVERITY ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction ,Human medicine ,business ,Mace - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate sex differences in procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes of instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR)- and fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided revascularization strategies. BACKGROUND: An iFR-guided strategy has shown a lower revascularization rate than an FFR-guided strategy, without differences in clinical outcomes. METHODS: This is a post hoc analysis of the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate stenosis to guide Revascularization) study, in which 601 women and 1,891 men were randomized to iFR- or FFR-guided strategy. The primary endpoint was 1-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization. RESULTS: Among the entire population, women had a lower number of functionally significant lesions per patient (0.31 +/- 0.51 vs. 0.43 +/- 0.59; p < 0.001) and less frequently underwent revascularization than men (42.1% vs. 53.1%; p < 0.001). There was no difference in mean iFR value according to sex (0.91 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.91 +/- 0.10; p = 0.442). However, the mean FFR value was lower in men than in women (0.83 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.10; p = 0.001). In men, an FFR-guided strategy was associated with a higher rate of revascularization than an iFR-guided strategy (57.1% vs. 49.3%; p = 0.001), but this difference was not observed in women (41.4% vs. 42.6%; p = 0.757). There was no difference in MACE rates between iFR- and FFR-guided strategies in both women (5.4% vs. 5.6%, adjusted hazard ratio: 1.10; 95% confidence interval: 0.50 to 2.43; p = 0.805) and men (6.6% vs. 7.0%, adjusted hazard ratio: 0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.66 to 1.46; p = 0.919). CONCLUSIONS: An FFR-guided strategy was associated with a higher rate of revascularization than iFR-guided strategy in men, but not in women. However, iFR- and FFR-guided strategies showed comparable clinical outcomes, regardless of sex. (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to guide Revascularization [DEFINE-FLAIR]; NCT02053038).
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- 2019
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242. Clinical and economic burden of infections in hospitalized solid organ transplant recipients compared with the general population in Canada – a retrospective cohort study
- Author
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Shahid Husain, Nancy Law, Ali Alghamdi, Emmanuel A. Papadimitropoulos, and Bassem Hamandi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urinary system ,Population ,030230 surgery ,Infections ,Sepsis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Internal medicine ,Acute care ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Transplantation ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Organ Transplantation ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Pneumonia ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business ,Solid organ transplantation - Abstract
Infections continue to be a major cause of post-transplant morbidity and mortality, requiring increased health services utilization. Estimates on the magnitude of this impact are relatively unknown. Using national administrative databases, we compared mortality, acute care health services utilization, and costs in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients to nontransplant patients using a retrospective cohort of hospitalizations in Canada (excluding Manitoba/Quebec) between April-2009 and March-2014, with a diagnosis of pneumonia, urinary tract infection (UTI), or sepsis. Costs were analyzed using multivariable linear regression. We examined 816 324 admissions in total: 408 352 pneumonia; 328 066 UTI's; and 128 275 sepsis. Unadjusted mean costs were greater in SOT compared to non-SOT patients with pneumonia [(C$14 923 ± C$29 147) vs. (C$11 274 ± C$18 284)] and sepsis [(C$23 434 ± C$39 685) vs. (C$20 849 ± C$36 257)]. Mortality (7.6% vs. 12.5%; P < 0.001), long-term care transfer (5.3% vs. 16.5%; P < 0.001), and mean length of stay (11.0 ± 17.7 days vs. 13.1 ± 24.9 days; P < 0.001) were lower in SOT. More SOT patients could be discharged home (63.2% vs. 44.3%; P < 0.001), but required more specialized care (23.5% vs. 16.1%; P < 0.001). Adjusting for age and comorbidities, hospitalization costs for SOT patients were 10% (95% CI: 8-12%) lower compared to non-SOT patients. Increased absolute hospitalization costs for these infections are tempered by lower adjusted costs and favorable clinical outcomes.
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- 2019
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243. English Language Teaching: Historical Overview, Current Issues and Suggestions for Enhancing Speaking Proficiency in EFL Contexts
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Yahya Ali Alghamdi, Turki Alsolami, and Ahmed Alghamdi
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Teaching method ,Foreign language ,EFL ,Context (language use) ,Authentic tasks and materials ,Pronunciation ,Memorization ,History of English ,Mathematics education ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Language proficiency ,pronunciation ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,lcsh:English language ,Repetition (rhetorical device) ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,Ell ,SocArXiv|Arts and Humanities ,General Medicine ,SocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|English Language and Literature ,bepress|Arts and Humanities|English Language and Literature ,Language education ,communication skills ,lcsh:PE1-3729 ,Psychology ,bepress|Arts and Humanities - Abstract
The history of English Language Teaching (ELT) and learning in English as a Second and Foreign Language (ESL and EFL) contexts has gone through different practices. The role of memorization and repetition of English language structures has always been a dominant teaching attitude. This attitude has revealed unsuccessful results in promoting speaking proficiency among English language learners when communicating in real-world situations beyond the classroom context. Therefore, it is essential to address such practices and shed light on some of the issues that hinder English Language Learners (ELLs) from effectively using English in real-world communicative situations. This review paper focuses on ELT practices that have been unsuccessful in promoting English language learners’ speaking proficiency. Additionally, it provides implications for classroom teaching instructions that integrate authentic tasks and materials. Implementing meaningful tasks that represent real-world situations could be a promising solution for enhancing ELLs’ language competencies to enable them to transfer the language they learn to real-life situations beyond school settings. Some practical suggestions and recommendations are provided to enhance ELT in EFL contexts.
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- 2019
244. Experimental Characterization of the Influence of Nozzle Temperature in FDM 3D Printed Pure PLA and Advanced PLA+
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Mohammed A. Felemban, Mohammed W. Alhazmi, Mohammad S. Alsoufi, Turki Ali Alghamdi, Dhia K. Suker, Rayan A. Sabbagh, and Feras K. Bazuhair
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Work (thermodynamics) ,Fabrication ,Materials science ,Fused deposition modeling ,Scale (ratio) ,Nozzle ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,Deformation (meteorology) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,law.invention ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,law ,Line (geometry) ,Composite material ,Image warping ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
This paper experimentally observed at a small level the influence of nozzle temperature change on warping deformation (WD), dimensional Accuracy (DA) and density. The materials chosen are pure PLA and advanced PLA+ specimens of rectangular shape of 63.5 mm × 9.53 mm × 3.2 mm produced by the end-user 3D printer based on fused deposition modeling (FDM). During the printing work, the nozzle temperature was conducted at twelve different values 195°C to 250°C with 5°C increments. Additionally, the infill density was set at 20% along with infill line direction of 0°, 90°, 45° and ±45°. After the fabrication, the FDM 3D printed parts naturally cooled down to room temperature at T = 23±2°C. As a result, the higher the nozzle temperature, the lower the deformed shape errors (with low uncertainty) of the specimens were. Experimental results show that the measured dimensions are always more than the original CAD file dimension along the height but less than the original CAD file dimensions along the width and length. The density measurements of both materials at 90° infill line direction have higher values compared with other directions (0°, 45°, ±45°), which have very similar results. The data and knowledge obtained from this investigation can be helpful for both an academic and an industrial perspective to set optimum nozzle temperature at small scale level and also it can be used to fabricate low-cost functional objects. Furthermore, it will also allow us to redesign the original CAD file in order to compensate the warping deformation encountered when using end-user FDM 3D additive manufacturing.
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- 2019
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245. Recyclable Fenton-like catalyst based on zeolite Y supported ultrafine, highly-dispersed Fe2O3 nanoparticles for removal of organics under mild conditions
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Yonghui Deng, Jinyang Chen, Xiaowei Cheng, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Ahmed A. Elzatahry, and Xuanyu Yang
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Highly-dispersed ,Zeolite ,Chemistry ,Fe2O3 nanoparticles ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Mordenite ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,Phenol degradation ,Phenol ,Reactivity (chemistry) ,Particle size ,0210 nano-technology ,Dispersion (chemistry) ,Bifunctional ,Fenton-like reaction - Abstract
A versatile wet impregnation method was employed to conveniently and controllably deposit Fe2O3 nanoparticles on zeolites including commercial Y, mordenite and ZSM-5 with the similar framework Si/Al ratios and crystal sizes, respectively. The ultrafine Fe2O3 nanoparticles in size of 5 nm can be highly dispersed on zeolite Y matrix due to its much better wettability than ZSM-5 and mordenite. By using the obtained Fe2O3/zeolite composite as the heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts, the degradation of phenol as a model reaction was systematically investigated, including the zeolite supports, particle size and dispersion of Fe2O3, and reaction conditions of H2O2 concentration, temperature, and pH value. The catalyst based on zeolite Y with Fe loading of 9% exhibited the best phenol degradation efficiency (> 90%) in neutral pH within 2 h. Its high catalytic activity in Fenton reaction can be attributed to the bifunctional properties of strong surface Bronsted acidity and high reactivity of octahedral Fe3+ in the highly-dispersed ultrafine Fe2O3 nanoparticles in size of 5 nm, which were the primary active centers to quickly decompose H2O2 into hydroxyl radicals. Since phenol degradation can be performed under mild conditions of ambient temperature (283-323 K) and a wide pH range (4.0-7.0), the catalysts can be easily recovered for recyclable use with stable degradation activity, which own the immense potential in deep treatment of organic pollutants in industrial wastewater. This work was sponsored by Shanghai Pujiang Program, China (No. 16PJ1401100 ), and the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (No. 15ZR1402000 ), Key Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 17JC1400100 ), the NSF of China (No. 21673048 ), National Youth Top Talent Support Program of National High-Level Personnel of Special Support Program (Youth Top-notch Talent Support Program) , the State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology of China (No. SKT1503 ). The authors extend their appreciation to the International Scientific Partnership Program ISPP at King Saud University for funding this research work through ISPP# 0094. Appendix A Scopus
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- 2019
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246. Surface modification of pH-responsive poly(2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate) brushes grafted on mesoporous silica nanoparticles
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Hamdan S. Alghamdi, Abdurahman A. Niazy, Abdullah M. Alswieleh, Mohammed S. Almeataq, Mufleh M Alshahrani, Bayan M Alsheheri, Abdulilah S. Alsilme, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Abeer M. Beagan, and Khalid Al-Zahrani
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Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nanoparticle ,Protonation ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Methacrylate ,polymer brushes ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Deprotonation ,Dynamic light scattering ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,mesoporous silica nanoparticles ,ph responsive polymer ,Chemistry ,Atom-transfer radical-polymerization ,surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization ,General Chemistry ,Mesoporous silica ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,lcsh:TP1080-1185 ,lcsh:Polymers and polymer manufacture ,Surface modification ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Poly(2‑(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate) brushes (PTBAEMA) are grown from mesoporous silica nanoparticles via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Linear PTBAEMA brushes are protonated and highly swollen at low pH; brushes are collapsed at pH higher than 7.7 due to deprotonation, as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Quaternization of these brushes is conducted using 2-iodoethanol in alkali media. DLS measurement of nanoparticles shows that surface-confined quaternization occurs and produces pH-responsive brushes with a hydrophobic upper surface. Variation of the 2-iodoethanol reaction time enables the mean degree of surface quaternization. The pH-responsive behaviour of quaternized PTBEAMA brushes at 1 h reaction time indicates low degrees of surface quaternization, dictated by the spatial location of 2-iodoethanol. Almost uniformly quaternized brushes prepared when the conducted for 3 h and became less swollen at low pH than brushes that conducted for 1 h. The intensity of the C − C − O component (286.5 eV) in the C1s X-ray photoelectron spectrum increased, suggesting that the reaction with iodoethanol was successful occurred.
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- 2019
247. Region Aware Proactive Routing Approaches Exploiting Energy Efficient Paths for Void Hole Avoidance in Underwater WSNs
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Nadeem Javaid, Adia Khalid, Zahoor Ali Khan, Mariam Akbar, Turki Ali Alghamdi, Aisha Fatima, and Muhammad Awais
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Routing protocol ,General Computer Science ,void hole ,Computer science ,mobility prediction ,geographic and opportunistic routing ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,End-to-end principle ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,adaptive transmission ,General Materials Science ,Underwater wireless sensor networks ,Network packet ,business.industry ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Engineering ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Collision ,0104 chemical sciences ,Scalability ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,business ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,Efficient energy use ,Data transmission ,Computer network - Abstract
Nowadays, constrained battery life expectancy is an important issue for reliable data delivery in an Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN). Conventional transmission methodologies increase the transmission overhead, i.e., the collision of packets, which influence the data transmission. Replacement of the sensors' battery in brutal underwater environment is a difficult task. Therefore, to maintain a strategic distance from the unexpected failure of the network and to increase the life expectancy of the network, energy efficient routing protocols are required. At this end, in this paper, a proactive routing protocol with three different network types is proposed to solve the aforementioned issues. The proposed protocol adaptively changes its communication strategy depending on the type of the network, i.e., dense network, partially dense network and sparse network. This adaptive strategy helps the routing protocols to continue their transmission by avoiding the void holes. In the proposed protocol named Proactive routing Approach with Energy efficient Path Selection (PA-EPS-Case I), vertical inter-transmission layering concept is introduced (using shortest and fastest path) in the dense and partially dense region. In addition, cluster formation concept is also appended to make transmission successful in the sparse regions. The Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) is improved by the proposed protocol with minimum End to End (E2E) delay and packet drop ratio. Scalability of the proposed routing protocols is also analyzed by varying the number of nodes from 100-500. A comparative analysis is performed with two cutting edge routing protocols namely: Weighting Depth and Forwarding Area Division Depth Based Routing (WDFAD-DBR) and Cluster-based WDFAD-DBR (C-DBR). Simulation results demonstrate that proposed protocol achieved 12.64% higher PDR with 20% decrease in E2E delay than C-DBR. Furthermore, the proposed routing protocol outperformed C-DBR in terms of packet drop ratio up to 14.29% with an increase of EC up to 30%.
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- 2019
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248. Energy Management in Smart Sectors Using Fog Based Environment and Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
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Muhammad Ramzan, Aisha Fatima, Nadeem Javaid, Turki Ali Alghamdi, Ayesha Anjum Butt, Mariam Akbar, and Zahoor Ali Khan
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General Computer Science ,Computer science ,Energy management ,load balancing ,Cloud computing ,02 engineering and technology ,server broker policies ,Server ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,smart grid ,business.industry ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,General Engineering ,Particle swarm optimization ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Energy consumption ,Load balancing (computing) ,Smart grid ,smart city ,Data center ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,fog computing ,business ,Algorithm ,lcsh:TK1-9971 - Abstract
Smart Grid (SG) plays vital role in modern electricity grid. The data is increasing with the drastic increase in number of users. An efficient technology is required to handle this dramatic growth of data. Cloud computing is then used to store the data and to provide numerous services to the consumers. There are various cloud Data Centers (DC), which deal with the requests coming from consumers. However, there is a chance of delay due to the large geographical area between cloud and consumer. So, a concept of fog computing is presented to minimize the delay and to maximize the efficiency. However, the issue of load balancing is raising; as the number of consumers and services provided by fog grow. So, an enhanced mechanism is required to balance the load of fog. In this paper, a three-layered architecture comprising of cloud, fog and consumer layers is proposed. A meta-heuristic algorithm: Improved Particle Swarm Optimization with Levy Walk (IPSOLW) is proposed to balance the load of fog. Consumers send request to the fog servers, which then provide services. Further, cloud is deployed to save the records of all consumers and to provide the services to the consumers, if fog layer is failed. The proposed algorithm is then compared with existing algorithms: genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, binary PSO, cuckoo with levy walk and BAT. Further, service broker policies are used for efficient selection of DC. The service broker policies used in this paper are: closest data center, optimize response time, reconfigure dynamically with load and new advance service broker policy. Moreover, response time and processing time are minimized. The IPSOLW has outperformed to its counterpart algorithms with almost 4.89% better results.
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- 2019
249. Awareness of the Saudi population about the role of the Emergency Rooms
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Abdullah Aldhban, Abdulrahman Ali Alghamdi, Zead Ibrahim A Alhussain, Rana Ahmed, Mohammed Ali A Alghamdi, and Naif Shalan J Alalyani
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Emergency rooms ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Population ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,Medical emergency ,education ,business ,medicine.disease - Abstract
Background: The hospital emergency department (ED) is one of the most important components of the healthcare delivery system. This study aims to investigate the public awareness of the Emergency Rooms (ERs) in Saudi Arabia, what the public knows about the provided services, and if they know the difference between the outpatient clinics and the ERs. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional descriptive community-based study, carried out on 977 participants from all age groups, in different areas of Saudi Arabia, from 1 January to 31 July 2019. Data were collected by filling the pre-designed online questionnaire. We utilized the SPSS program version 16. The X2 test was used as a test of significance, and differences considered significant at P value less than 0.05. Results: Most of the participants (87.5%) reported that they knew the difference between the outpatient clinic and ER. The majority (68.1%) of subjects said that ERs mean rapid and unplanned medical care. Regarding evaluation of the provided services in ERs; 32.5% of the cases said it was satisfactory followed by 28.5% good, 19.8% excellent, 10.2% accepted and 10% reported it was unsatisfactory. There were significant relationships between the awareness and age (P=0.03) and education level (P=0.003), but no relationship was found with the gender of the participant (P>0.5). Conclusion: In the current study, most of the participants reported that they knew the difference between the outpatient clinics and ERs. There were significant relationships between the awareness and age and education level, but an insignificant relation was found with the gender of the participant.
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- 2019
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250. Predictors and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review
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Alwaleed Aljabir, Yousef Alzilfi, Majed Saud Awad Aljuaeed, Abdullah Aljuaid, Saud Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, Talal Alzahrani, Gamal M. Elnemr, Abdullah Hassan Almuntashiri, and Tariq Alharthi
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Hospitalized patients ,Emergency medicine ,Medicine ,Atrial fibrillation ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2019
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