Search

Este escrito presenta una aproximación al fenómeno del activismo judicial desde la perspectiva del Análisis Económico del Derecho (AED). Como cometido, pretende mostrar que existen una serie de incentivos y de circunstancias que hacen que las decisiones de la Corte Constitucional colombiana se puedan calificar como activistas. Para tal fin, en primer lugar, se establecen unos derroteros básicos para la comprensión de la actividad judicial, específicamente de las funciones de control de constitucionalidad y de revisión de acción de tutela de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia; en segundo lugar, se realiza un acercamiento al concepto de activismo judicial, para, a continuación, presentar la formulación de políticas públicas y la creación de leyes como productos dentro de un modelo de mercado, esto con el fin de explicar y mostrar, desde el Análisis Económico del Derecho, las razones que explican la existencia del fenómeno del activismo judicial en el caso colombiano. En último lugar, se presentan dos casos de activismo judicial por parte de la Corte Constitucional colombiana: en primer término, el caso de la protección del derecho a la vivienda digna, o caso del UPAC, y en segundo término, el caso de la protección de los derechos de los recicladores de oficio; casos, uno y otro, donde se puede ver que existen incentivos que provocan decisiones activistas.

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Derecho is the property of Revista Chilena de Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La memoria colectiva se cristaliza en el tiempo y el espacio. En el tiempo se presentan momentos que son ‘saliencias cognitivas’ para los integrantes de dicha colectividad. Estas hacen de punto de anclaje en el tiempo de existencia de la colectividad que trasciende el tiempo de existencia de los individuos que la componen. En el espacio la memoria colectiva se cristaliza en ‘puntos focales’ que son la iconografía, objetos, lugares y monumentos que señalan personajes y lugares que son referente material de la memoria colectiva. Estas dos expresiones de la memoria colectiva son dignas de análisis desde la perspectiva de los derechos colectivos, su daño y posibilidad de reparación.

El presente artículo realiza una crítica a la regulación actual del trabajo doméstico y a la última reforma legal sobre la materia, que incluyó la economía del cuidado en las cuentas nacionales. La autora argumenta que el derecho crea los incentivos suficientes para producir a las mujeres como actores ineficientes del mercado, utilizando mecanismos legales que disponen las obligaciones femeninas como prestaciones naturales asociadas con la maternidad y el cuidado del hogar. Los costos que socialmente pagamos por sostener la opresión femenina están externalizados en esquemas como el sistema de salud, el diseño pensional y la brecha de igualdad salarial para las mujeres. El artículo concluye mostrando cómo la contingencia de la regulación actual del trabajo doméstico y el costo social asociado a ella puede alterarse con reformas incrementales que aumenten el posicionamiento social de las mujeres en términos de poder y recursos.

La tajante separación entre derecho y economía ha sido aun más notoria en el ámbito del derecho constitucional por el fundamento histórico de la concepción del Estado en un momento determinado y la imposición de valores y principios en la sociedad que se consideran mínimos para la vida en comunidad e inmutables por ser el fundamento de la soberanía del pueblo, que es en quien está depositado el poder constituyente. No obstante, tal separación radical de estas dos ciencias se ha visto superada gracias al análisis económico del derecho constitucional, disciplina que ha permitido analizar los procesos de creación, modificación y aplicación de las normas siguiendo criterios microeconómicos que podrían explicar en gran medida la divergencia entre la teoría y la realidad; ello se materializa con la escuela de la elección pública, que ha construido varias tesis relacionadas con los problemas más importantes del Estado partiendo de la estructura del derecho constitucional.

Aunque la globalización ofrece importantes oportunidades para los países en vía de desarrollo, incluyendo las ganancias asociadas al acceso a mercados más grandes, crea una interdependencia que está usualmente ligada a regulaciones homogéneas. Un problema vinculado con la globalización hace referencia a la imposición indiscriminada de modelos y esquemas internacionales para lograr la convergencia. En algunos casos, esto sucede sin tener en cuenta la diversidad y las tradiciones locales. La presencia cada vez mayor de agencias internacionales especializadas en servicios de consultoría relacionados con la convergencia de las instituciones legales puede demostrar su carácter retador. La ausencia frecuente de un proceso apropiado de adaptación a las realidades económicas y culturales del país receptor puede determinar ciertamente el fracaso de un trasplante legal. Tal importación de reglas ya ha sucedido en el Derecho Societario y, más específicamente, en la organización societaria latinoamericana.

La propiedad intelectual ha sido concebida para responder, tanto a la necesidad de protección del autor de una obra del intelecto, como al beneficio que la sociedad pueda sacar del acceso a dichas creaciones intelectuales, generando así un equilibrio entre los diferentes actores. Los sistemas digitales de comunicación han puesto en jaque dicho equilibrio. Conviene preguntarse ¿es capaz la protección otorgada por el derecho a la creación intelectual, de establecer un equilibrio en las relaciones entre creador (autor) y la sociedad (consumidor)? ¿En qué medida el análisis económico comparado del derecho de autor y del copyright puede contribuir al modelo económico de este equilibrio? ¿Hasta qué punto, el rol desempeñado por las industrias de la comunicación está rompiendo este equilibrio? El objetivo de este artículo es analizar diversos aspectos del derecho de autor y del copyright, a la luz del análisis económico del derecho.

There is an unclear and undetermined relationship between international investment arbitration and foreign direct investment (FDI). The text studies whether investment arbitration creates an incentive for FDI, up to confirming that investment arbitration does incentive foreign investment. To do so, we will recur to the economic analysis of law and, specifically, Shavell's contractual theory regarding both the host State's and investor's motives to agree on investment arbitration. Then, we will review investment arbitration's classic institutions, the umbrella clause and the fair and equitable treatment standard, analyzing to what extent each of them influence the decision to take a dispute or not to international investment arbitration. Finally, a mention of the two main criticisms is made, including the crisis of legitimacy of private dispute resolution by public parties from the rule of law perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas is the property of Revista Faculdad de Derecho y Ciencias Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prolegómenos Derechos y Valores is the property of Prolegomenos Derechos y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to examine the normative structure developed to protect collective rights (Act 472 of 1998) and the subsequent amendment (Act 1425 of 2010) by using the supply and demand model. This paper supposes, on the one hand, the homo economicus behavior and, on the other, the symmetric principle designed by BRENNAN & BUCHANAN (1987). The model developed showed a collective rights protection market, where the good to trade is the service to protect. This service is considered a public good, despite providing positive externalities and producing a preferences revelation problem and dynamic and static inefficiencies. The main results this paper found are 1) an excess demand as a consequence of the economic incentives designed in Articles 39 and 40 of Law 472 of 1998 and 2) an excess of supply created by the repeal of these articles in Law 1425 of 2010. In conclusion, in either situation, normative development disregards the effects and reactions of individuals, from the point of view of both supply and demand. This disregard implies a failure on the part of the collective rights protection market and its probable lack of protection. Given the above, it is necessary to consider strategies that lead to a normative design that includes both the justice principle claimed by Rawls and the not naivety principle developed by KORNHAUSER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protective actions (tutelas) against arbitral awards in Colombia represent a challenge for the economic analysis of law. Often at odds are the economic benefits inherent to arbitration as an alternative form of dispute resolution and the substantial protection provided by tutelas as a fundamental basic warranty for control of the state's and its officials' actions. Specifically, tutelas work against judicial decisions as a subsidiary control mechanism over the actions of judges and/or those who have a comparable role as arbiters. This paper aims to outline and discuss what might be some starting points for an analysis of this issue from the standpoint of law and economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Colombia the formation of agreements is reduced to the categories of offer and acceptation. The purpose of the process of formation of agreements is to achieve consent through the wills of the parties. The Colombian Commercial Code has included a series of normative dispositions that refer to the formation of agreements, for example, offer, acceptation, the duration of offers, and so on. Nevertheless it is my contention that the formation of agreements is not as easy as it looks, and cannot be reduced in all cases to the categories of offer and unconditional acceptance. In complex business and transactions, the acceptation must be conditioned, thus transforming itself into a new offer. One of the problems this paper tries to resolve is that the preliminary negotiations must be auto-regulated through mechanisms, such as letters of intent, memorandums of understanding and non disclosure agreements that make space for more certainty and legal security in the negotiations that take place in the business world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Derecho del Estado is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the principles and ideas immersed in the postulates of law and economics, they have been recently used as guidelines for new legislation. Prove of this is the 142 of 1994 Act and its later regulation, that develops the public utilities system in Colombia. This specific regulation about public utilities, is suffering about what it is known and has been called the autistic science; in the same way some of the regulations that have been build using the postulates of law and economics. Aware of the discovered situation and willing to stop the difficulty, the Superintendence of Public Utilities has developed a newfangled law instrument, what we know as Unifying Concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scope, development and content of the Law and Economics (L & E), have become not only rigged to the economy and, in turn, enriched from there by the emergence of new themes and techniques, but have been extended with its progressive and promising application areas of law not studied before, such as, for example, areas of public policy and effective regulation, and with the introduction of analytical techniques, which like those of game theory, have marking and define the current L & E. With much optimism, with these issues "other difficult to frame within the orthodox L & E, such as those relating to the role of institutions, the analysis of historical and comparative law analysis, have also been enriched of the field" (Congregado , etal.., 2001), to the point of giving the general impression, and lead ,to think lawyers and economists, that the L & E can be applied and explain all kinds of matter, without methodological discussions occupy an important place in the discourse of the discipline. Given such an ambitious L & E indicated for the universe, we may ask, indeed, can the L & E to explain all kinds of issues and problems of law, economics and society? Without his willingness to be disqualifying, because it is not in any way to condemn the activity of economic lawyers, per se, but the indiscriminate use of the L & E tools and Concepts without reflection or a court order, the objective of this paper, is then the analysis of these new themes, techniques and scope of the L & E, seeking to answer the question, about whether the L & E is able or not to explain all kinds of issues and problems of law, economics and society or, conversely, has an explanatory scope, technical, methodological and instrumental rather limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Socio-Jurídicos is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The scope, development and content of the Law and Economics (L & E), have become not only rigged to the economy and, in turn, enriched from there by the emergence of new themes and techniques, but have been extended with its progressive and promising application areas of law not studied before, such as, for example, areas of public policy and effective regulation, and with the introduction of analytical techniques, which like those of game theory, have marking and define the current L & E. With much optimism, with these issues "other difficult to frame within the orthodox L & E, such as those relating to the role of institutions, the analysis of historical and comparative law analysis, have also been enriched of the field" (Congregado, et al., 2001), to the point of giving the general impression, and lead, to think lawyers and economists, that the L & E can be applied and explain all kinds of matter, without methodological discussions occupy an important place in the discourse of the discipline. Given such an ambitious L & E indicated for the universe, we may ask, indeed, can the L & E to explain all kinds of issues and problems of law, economics and society? Without his willingness to be disqualifying, because it is not in any way to condemn the activity of economic lawyers, per se, but the indiscriminate use of the L & E tools and Concepts without reflection or a court order, the objective of this paper, is then the analysis of these new themes, techniques and scope of the L & E, seeking to answer the question, about whether the L & E is able or not to explain all kinds of issues and problems of law, economics and society or, conversely, has an explanatory scope, technical, methodological and instrumental rather limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collective memory is crystallized in time and space. In time there are momneets whch are 'cognitive saliency' for the members of such community. These become an anchor point in the time of existence of the individuals composing it. In space collective memory is crystallized in 'focal points' that are iconography, objects, places and monuments that show characters and places that are material referents of collective memory. These two expressions of collective memory are worthy of analysis from the perspective of collective rights, their harm and their ability for reparation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to analyses the nature of collective rights and the mechanisms for their protection (civil actions), using the Law and Economics methodology. This study considers the legal rules as incentives source that promotes the solutions to problems related with coordination or cooperation behavior in public goods provision. This analysis makes a legal study about the collective rights and after it makes a law and economics approach to argue that the collective rights should be consider as an economic good, in particular as a public good. In this order the collective action problems that this kind of goods produces might be solve using the Olson's theory about the selective incentives. As a study case we consider the 39 and 40 articles repelled by Law 1425/10 as a bad decision because this repeal eliminated the economic incentives as a solution for collective problems. As a conclusion this paper develops regulatory suggestions to correct the problems of the Law 1425/10, taking in account three restrictions: avoid a treasury spending; avoid judicial congestion; and achieve a Pareto superior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is aimed to evaluate common and differential elements of the economic analysis of law and economic law from a business perspective. The guidance offered by both has not overcome the difference of bases and positions that still do not constitute application framework to enable companies to respond to economic- legal problems. To consult the circumstances faced by them and elements demanded to overcome the situation may contribute to set the stage for their complementation. For this purpose, the symbiosis between law and economy should be considered from a business point of view; the scope of the linkage between the economic analysis of law and economic law and the application of both on the company as a business subject. The harmonization of the economic analysis of law with economic law would eventually consolidate various areas of economic and legal knowledge that are limited to identify the company as a production unit or legal reason, ideas that drive the business subject study from the theory of the firm and responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biotechnology or genetic engineering that appeared in the seventies presents great challenges to Law as a social control system. Some authors underline that biotechnology appeared much earlier, when man discovered seed germination and with it, the opportunity to cultivate their own food. However, it also recognizes that despite the many similarities that are found in this class of processes, there are still major differences in that these changes now occur at the molecular level and there is a higher degree of human manipulation. This article reflects on the current proposals for biotechnology regulation in the era of economic globalization, in light of the eternal dispute between economics and Law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ecos de Economía is the property of Universidad EAFIT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper seeks to demonstrate that, when a public entity determines the requirements of a public bidding process, it affects the freedom of bidders and the efficient destination of public funds. Therefore, the determination of such requirements, in order to be legitimate and efficient, must be proportional. As shown in this paper, the proportionality principle, a general notion about the relation between means and ends, applies to the determination of requirements in public bidding process. Furthermore, this paper seeks to explore the way in which this principle can be applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main target of this reflex paper is to explain some ideas about behavioral economics, such as the prospect theory and the framing effect, as well as its possible implications for the law, especially in the context of tobacco control law in Colombia and the current package warning labels. The paper concludes that these warnings have the potential to reduce the tobacco consumption. However, the effectiveness of these messages could be increased if the information is reframed in an alternative way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to provide a comparative analysis from the perspective of economic analysis of law to determine which the best choice is for the spouses at the moment of marriage. It would be analyzed which regime is more favorable with regard to the heritage aspect (the community property regime or the distribution of assets regime) during the marriage. For this purpose it will be describe the community property regime and the distribution of assets regime, then we will analyze the issue of the asymmetry of information at the moment of getting married, finally we will expose the economic implications in marriage if the spouses choose the community property regime or the distribution of assets regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Semestre Económico is the property of Sello Editorial de la Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is the product of a research in behavioral economics, a current and, nowadays,a very meaningful topic. This is a field of economics that challenge the basic foundations of neoclassic economy criticizing the rationality of economic agents. It is an attempt to introduce a behavioral approach of human actions and choices. In this paper the authors initially illustrate an overall view of the issue, mostly unexplored by the national literature, and then describe the many implications that this new economic view can have on law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Derecho del Estado is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Being conscience about the importance of an universal housing policy, specially taking into account the right of having a decent home for individuals and society, in this article the authors analyze the efficiency, convenience, equity and the effectiveness of the policy of family housing subsidy under the principles of law and economics. The study is focused on microeconomic principles to establish the incentives and disincentives that the legal regulation has on the consumers and the producers. Also will be analyzed the contribution that the subsidy has on the economic growth. The authors conclude that the subsidy, as it is established and developed, is neither an efficiency nor effectiveness or equity policy for producers or consumers; but it could help the economic growth of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)