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Introduction: Obesity is defined for the Asian population as a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2, while overweight is a BMI between 23 kg/m2 and 24.9 kg/m2. Both obesity and type 2 diabetes are major independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease according to previous literature. The data on the risk of obesity on diabetic complications are scarce, which is why this study was conducted. This study is designed to study the hypothesis that complications of diabetes are more in obese/overweight than in non-obese patients. Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center. Patients with known type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our center were serially selected and BMI was calculated and patients were divided into non-obese/overweight and obese/overweight categories according to the World Health Organization recommendations for the Asian population. Patients were assessed for diabetes control and duration of diabetes. Each patient was also evaluated for microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes according to the American diabetes association guidelines. Complications in obese/overweight diabetics and diabetics with normal BMI were compared. SPSS version 23 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 84 admitted diabetics were included, of the 84 patients 45 (53.57%) were women, and 56 (66.67%) were overweight and obese. About 10.71% of diabetics with normal BMI and 26.79% of overweight/obese diabetics had retinopathy. 8 (28.57%) patients in the normal BMI group, while 26 (46.42%) patients in the overweight/obese group had ischemic heart disease (IHD) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Obesity and overweight are associated with a high risk of complications of diabetes, especially retinopathy and IHD. Glycemic control is also poor among obese/overweight diabetics. Microvascular complications occur earlier in obese/overweight diabetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LaNiO3 (LNO) and NdNiO3 (NNO) thin films have been prepared by nebulized spray pyrolysis on (001)-oriented LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO) substrates. The stoichiometric nitrate precursor in deionized water was spray pyrolyzed at ~ 300 °C. All films were given annealing treatment at different temperatures to tune the electrical transport behavior. The surface morphology of these films, in general, consists of granular and locally epitaxial regions. Films with electrical transport properties resembling those of similar films prepared by more sophisticated methods like pulsed laser deposition and sputtering are obtained at the annealing temperature range ~ 900–950 °C. High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and glancing incidence XRD bring out the single-phase nature. The films on STO show a small amount of in-plane tensile strain, while those on LAO are under small compressive strain. Annealing at a higher temperature (~ 1000 °C) enhances the tensile strain slightly while the compressive strain is lowered. Such behavior has been attributed to oxygen deficiency. The LNO films on STO and LAO show fairly good metallic behavior, and the electrical transport in the former is described in terms of a model represented by ρ T = ρ 0 - a T 0.5 + b T . In contrast, the electrical resistivity of the LNO/LAO film is described by ρ T = ρ 0 - a T 0.5 + b T + c T 2 . Annealing at high temperatures promotes the insulating state in all the LNO films. The NNO films on LAO substrates show a paramagnetic metallic state which is followed by a metal insulator transition (MIT) on lowering the temperature. The MIT shifts to higher temperatures in 1000 °C annealed films. In contrast, the NNO/STO films show insulating behavior throughout, and annealing at higher temperatures further strengthens the insulating state. The insulator state shows a small polaron hopping kind of transport represented by ρ T = A T e E A / k B T with temperature-dependent activation energies in the range of 100–55 meV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research papers or sometime we address them as research articles, are mirrors or sledges which bridge gaps between previous established researches based on certain principles. A research while submitting his or her manuscript must be well aware about the quality and standard of the concerned journal. The paper emphasizes over standard indexing databases including Web of Science, Scopus and UGC-CARE. The paper explains a procedure and practice to follow by the researchers for submitting manuscripts in a standard and quality journal. The paper foregrounds over the process and procedure for enlisting of journals in the standard indexing databases for publishing institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Women of reproductive age group (WoRAG) are among the most vulnerable groups to suicide in India. The present study intended to develop a mathematical model to differentiate suicides from homicides among WoRAG. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study based on a record review of autopsy at Patna, India, from 2016 to 2021. The cause of deaths was ascertained by autopsies and other records independently by two investigators to reduce the interobserver bias. Independent variables were tested with confirmed suicides to calculate statistically significant association. These variables were further used for developing prediction models for the suicides by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Out of total of 520 autopsies of WoRAG performed by investigators, the cause of death has been confirmed for 62. Of them, 30 were confirmed as suicides. In univariate analysis, suicides were associated with the menstrual bleed (OR 35 CI 6.9,179), gastric emptying (OR 3.9 CI 1.2,12.8), hanging, poisoning, and drowning as mode of death (OR 435 CI 37.4,5061.9). By logistic regression, three prediction models were built to predict suicide; Model I: gastric emptying, Model II: menstrual bleed, and Model III: including both. The area under the curve (AUC) for Models I, II, and III was 0.67 (95%CI 0.34,0.99), 0.92 (95%CI 0.75,1.00), and 0.94 (95%CI 0.82,1.00), respectively. The AUC of Model III differs significantly from that of Model I (P value 0.03) but not with Model II (P value 0.11). Conclusion: Menstrual bleed, gastric emptying, and mode of death may be used as a supplement tool in ascertaining the cause of death among WoRAG in medical and legal proceedings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]