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The correlation of JAK2V617F with a proportion of chronic myeloproliferative disorders has generated numerous studies focused on the development of molecular-based assays for JAK2V617F detection. The current parallel study comparatively evaluated 3 JAK2V617F molecular detection methods. Genomic DNA from blood or bone marrow was assayed by 3 laboratories using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) or kit-based restriction fragment length polymorphism methods, which used polyacrylamide gel or capillary electrophoresis analysis. In addition, samples were sequenced in 2 of the laboratories. Results found 100% concordance among the 3 methods, with analytic sensitivities of 5% for both kit methods and 0.01% for AS-PCR. The kitbased assays detect JAK2V617F with equal sensitivity regardless of analysis method, and, despite greater sensitivity of AS-PCR, all 3 methods yielded 100% concordant results for this 36-sample set. Consistent with other reports, direct sequencing was insufficiently sensitive to serve as an initial diagnostic tool for JAK2V617F detection.

The pilot plant and full-scale trials were made with malts from barley varieties Bojos and Tolar.The wort and beer were analysed to find out whether Tolar variety could be substitute for Bojos variety. Bojos variety had a very good wort extract, lower content of β-glucans and a perfect wort clarity. The results of Hartong VZ 45 °C, FAN and final attenuation were on the similar level as Tolar variety. Contents of fermentable sugars and dextrins in worts from Bojos and Tolar were very similar. Bojos variety proved a lower final attenuation limit.Worts from this variety excelled with lower β-glucans content and higher pH results. Very low turbidity of sweet wort during lautering and hopped wort during cooling correlated with perfect clarity of congress wort. Excellent filterability in full-scale trial was found out. Tannoid content in cold wort of Bojos was higher than the one of Tolar variety. A tannoid content and SASPL number in packaged beer corresponded to the required colloidal stability. Testing panels did not find any significant differences.The pilot plant and full-scale trials were made with malts from barley varieties Bojos and Tolar.The wort and beer were analysed to find out whether Tolar variety could be substitute for Bojos variety. Bojos variety had a very good wort extract, lower content of β-glucans and a perfect wort clarity. The results of Hartong VZ 45 °C, FAN and final attenuation were on the similar level as Tolar variety. Contents of fermentable sugars and dextrins in worts from Bojos and Tolar were very similar. Bojos variety proved a lower final attenuation limit.Worts from this variety excelled with lower β-glucans content and higher pH results. Very low turbidity of sweet wort during lautering and hopped wort during cooling correlated with perfect clarity of congress wort. Excellent filterability in full-scale trial was found out. Tannoid content in cold wort of Bojos was higher than the one of Tolar variety. A tannoid content and SASPL number in packaged beer corresponded to the required colloidal stability. Testing panels did not find any significant differences.

Changes to the mashing processes may be made in breweries in order to save energy and time due to the growing economical pressure. The goal of the experiment was to find and describe any changes in analytical and sensory parameters of beer prepared using different methods and based on the results point out any potential concerns. The same raw materials were used for the brewing, only the mashing processes varied with each individual batch.The experiment was conducted in a pilot-plant scale. Four basic ordinary mashing methods - infusion and single, double and triple mash decoction - were chosen.The mashing was aimed to fully utilize the economic and time advantages of the intensified methods. With the increasing intensity of the method the mash-in temperatures increased and mashing time decreased. The most distinct differences among the individual mashing procedures were shown by the parameters affected directly by the mashing process, like wort colour and coagulable nitrogen, which result from the heat load. Other parameters are dependant on the ;content of the substances entering the kettle boil that is especially bitterness, cold break content, level of solids in Imhoff's cone, content of soluble nitrogen, level of total, oxidizable and oxidized polyphenols, tannoids, anthocyanogens, alpha-glucans and dimethylsulphide in the wort. No significant connections were found between the mashing method and the content of hot break in the wort, the oxalates in the wort and the beta-glucans in the wort and the filtered beer. The content of fatty acids in the wort and the beer as well as the sugars in the wort were comparable, only in the case of two- and three-mash decoction methods higher content of glucose was measured.The content of sugars in green and filtered beer was found to be at the expected level given the degree of attenuation. The clarity of the filtered beer was also comparable given the pilot-plant scale plate and frame filter was used. The mashing process significantly affects the character of the finished beer and that is why it is important to follow the traditional mashing method. Although it is possible to achieve similar analytical results using different technological (mashing) processes, it is obvious that the final effect of the individual beer components will dramatically influence the taste panel results. A change of the brewing process can have fatal consequences especially for Czech beers, which are traditionally brewed using decoction mashing resulting in their exceptional drinkability.Changes to the mashing processes may be made in breweries in order to save energy and time due to the growing economical pressure. The goal of the experiment was to find and describe any changes in analytical and sensory parameters of beer prepared using different methods and based on the results point out any potential concerns. The same raw materials were used for the brewing, only the mashing processes varied with each individual batch.The experiment was conducted in a pilot-plant scale. Four basic ordinary mashing methods - infusion and single, double and triple mash decoction - were chosen.The mashing was aimed to fully utilize the economic and time advantages of the intensified methods. With the increasing intensity of the method the mash-in temperatures increased

Chmelovar je v posledni době jednou z nejdiskutovanějsich oblasti technologie výroby piva. Je to zejmena z důvodu vysoke energeticke narocnosti, neboť při chmelovaru je spotřebovano 35-40 % veskere tepelne energie potřebne na výrobu piva. Proto byly vyvinuty nove usporne systemy, pracujici s nižsim celkovým odparem. Přitom by ale měly být zachovany vsechny kvalitativni parametry vyražene mladiny. Jako porovnavaci mechanismy mezi různými varnimi systemy se použivaji obsah dimethylsulfidu, koagulovatelný dusik a tepelne zatiženi mladiny, vyjadřene jako cislo kyseliny thiobarbiturove. Mladina vsak obsahuje stovky dalsich těkavých sloucenin, ktere se významnou měrou mohou podilet na senzoricke kvalitě piva. V ramci prace byla nejprve pomoci uvedených zakladnich kriterii sledovana intenzita chmelovaru na různých konvencnich systemech obvyklých v ceských pivovarech: atmosferický chmelovar přimým otopem zemnim plynem, atmosferický chmelovar s otopem parou a chmelovary pomoci externiho a interniho vařaku. Byly sestrojeny křivky sledovaných parametrů v zavislosti na case chmelovaru a nastaveny optimalni casy pro jednotlive varni systemy tak, aby mohlo dojit k porovnani naměřených dat. V druhe casti prace pak byly porovnavany některe dalsi analyticke parametry hotových mladin, jako chmelove silice nebo některe aldehydy. Výsledky testů naznacily, že při přechodu mezi v tuzemsku použivanými konvencnimi způsoby chmelovaru lze dosahnout po optimalizaci stejných zakladnich kvalitativnich parametrů mladiny. Hlubsi optimalizaci pak vyžaduje uprava varnich systemů a technologických postupů z hlediska některých dalsich pomocných analytických ukazatelů.

Theoretical works by Barnes and Nebel [R. A. Nebel and D. C. Barnes, Fusion Technol. 38, 28 (1998); D. C. Barnes and R. A. Nebel, Phys. Plasmas 5, 2498 (1998)] have suggested that a tiny oscillating ion cloud may undergo a self-similar collapse in a harmonic oscillator potential formed by a uniform electron background. By tuning the external radio-frequency electric fields to this naturally occurring mode, it is then possible to heat the ions to obtain very high densities and temperatures simultaneously during the collapse phase of the oscillation through adiabatic compression. However, a major uncertainty in this oscillating plasma scheme is the dynamics and stability of the background electrons in the virtual cathode. Recent work based on the electron fluid equations have demonstrated that the required electron cloud is susceptible to an instability that is analogous to the Rayleigh–Taylor mode present in fluid mechanics [R. A. Nebel and J. M. Finn, Phys. Plasmas 8, 1505 (2001)]. This paper describes an...

The authors report on the structural and optical property changes of alumina passivated amorphous Si slanted columnar thin films during electrochemical Li-ion intercalation and deintercalation determined by in situ generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry. The cyclic voltammetry investigations versus Li/Li+ are performed at a rate of 1 mV/s, while Mueller matrix generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry data are collected. Through a best-match model analysis utilizing the homogeneous biaxial layer approach, temporal anisotropic optical constants are obtained. The authors observe a strong anisotropic electrochromic response with maximum changes of ∼18% in the anisotropic refractive indices and ∼750% in the anisotropic extinction coefficients. Furthermore, the thin films reversibly expand and contract by ∼35%. A comparative analysis of the temporal optical constant response to the changes in overall optical anisotropy of the electrode reveals six transient regions throughout the Li-ion intercalation and deinterc...

The analysis of phenotypic change is important for several evolutionary biology disciplines, including phenotypic plasticity, evolutionary developmental biology, morphological evolution, physiological evolution, evolutionary ecology and behavioral evolution. It is common for researchers in these disciplines to work with multivariate phenotypic data. When phenotypic variables exceed the number of research subjects--data called 'high-dimensional data'--researchers are confronted with analytical challenges. Parametric tests that require high observation to variable ratios present a paradox for researchers, as eliminating variables potentially reduces effect sizes for comparative analyses, yet test statistics require more observations than variables. This problem is exacerbated with data that describe 'multidimensional' phenotypes, whereby a description of phenotype requires high-dimensional data. For example, landmark-based geometric morphometric data use the Cartesian coordinates of (potentially) many anatomical landmarks to describe organismal shape. Collectively such shape variables describe organism shape, although the analysis of each variable, independently, offers little benefit for addressing biological questions. Here we present a nonparametric method of evaluating effect size that is not constrained by the number of phenotypic variables, and motivate its use with example analyses of phenotypic change using geometric morphometric data. Our examples contrast different characterizations of body shape for a desert fish species, associated with measuring and comparing sexual dimorphism between two populations. We demonstrate that using more phenotypic variables can increase effect sizes, and allow for stronger inferences.

// Wen Liu 1, 2, * , Julia Beck 3, * , Laura C. Schmidt 1, 2 , Catrin Roolf 1 , Anahit Pews-Davtyan 4 , Barbara C. Rutgen 5 , Sabine Hammer 6 , Saskia Willenbrock 2 , Anett Sekora 1 , Arndt Rolfs 7, 8 , Matthias Beller 4 , Bertram Brenig 9 , Ingo Nolte 2 , Christian Junghanss 1 , Ekkehard Schutz 3, 9, * , Hugo Murua Escobar 1, 2, * 1 Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology/Oncology/Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany 2 Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany 3 Chronix Biomedical, Gottingen, Germany 4 Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany 5 Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria 6 Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria 7 Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration (Akos), Center for Mental Health, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany 8 Centogene AG, Rostock, Germany 9 Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August-University Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany * The authors contributed equally Correspondence to: Hugo Murua Escobar, email: hugo.murua.escobar@med.uni-rostock.de Keywords: PDA, arylindolylmaleimides, canine lymphoma, transcriptome sequencing Received: September 14, 2015 Accepted: April 02, 2016 Published: May 12, 2016 ABSTRACT Protein kinase inhibitors are widely used in chemotherapeutic cancer regimens. Maleimide derivatives such as SB-216763 act as GSK-3 inhibitor targeting cell proliferation, cell death and cell cycle progression. Herein, the two arylindolylmaleimide derivatives PDA-66 and PDA-377 were evaluated as potential chemotherapeutic agents on canine B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Canine lymphoma represents a naturally occurring model closely resembling the human high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). PDA-66 showed more pronounced effects on both cell lines. Application of 2.5μM PDA-66 resulted in a significant induction of apoptosis (approx. 11 %), decrease of the metabolic activity (approx. 95 %), anti-proliferative effect (approx. 85 %) and cell death within 48h. Agent induced mode of action was characterized by whole transcriptome sequencing, 12 h and 24 h post-agent exposure. Key PDA-66-modulated pathways identified were cell cycle, DNA replication and p53 signaling. Expression analyses indicated that the drug acting mechanism is mediated through DNA replication and cycle arrest involving the spindle assembly checkpoint. In conclusion, both PDA derivatives displayed strong anti-proliferation activity in canine B-cell lymphoma cells. The cell and molecular PDA-induced effect characterization and the molecular characterization of the agent acting mechanism provides the basis for further evaluation of a potential drug for canine lymphoma serving as model for human NHL.

Introduction: Aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor gene promoters is frequently observed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Decitabine (DAC) and Azacitidine (AZA) are methyltransferase inhibitors (hypomethylating agents, HMA) which partially reverse aberrant DNA methylation. Recently, it was reported that DNA methylation patterns are regulated by casein kinase 2 (CK2) mediated phosphorylation of DNMT3a. CK2 is a key regulator of cell proliferation and survival and modulates hematopoiesis associated signaling cascades by phosphorylation of PTEN and AKT. Elevated CK2 expression has been demonstrated in hematological malignancies and plays a significant role in cell survival. However, it is not yet clear if CK2 inhibition is effective in ALL cells. Therefore, we examined the impact of conventional cytostatics, demethylation and CK2 inhibition on B- and T-ALL cells in single application and in combination. We hypothesized that demethylation and inhibition of CK2 act synergistically inducing greater impact on DNA hypomethylation and ALL cell proliferation. Methods: Several B- and T-ALL cell lines (SEM, RS4;11, Jurkat, CEM) as well as de novo ALL cells were treated with DAC and AZA in mono application. Further, DAC was combined with AraC, Doxorubicin (Doxo) or a CK2 inhibitor for up to 72 h. Cell proliferation and metabolism were determined (trypan blue staining & WST-1 assay). Methylation patterns of bisulfite converted DNA samples were examined using methylation specific qPCR on LINE-1 and the CDH13 gene. For in vivo studies, the SEM cell line was stably transfected with a dual firefly luciferase (ffluc) and GFP expression plasmid. NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice were intravenously injected with 2.5x106 SEM-ffluc-GFP cells. Starting on day (d) 7, mice were treated intraperitoneal. with a vehicle (saline: d7-d10), daily 0.5 mg/kg DAC (d7-d10), daily with 150 mg/kg AraC (d7, d8), or both. Leukemic engraftment and drug response were investigated weekly by flow cytometry (GFP) and bioluminescence imaging (ffluc) for up to 31 days, respectively. Additionally, for therapy monitoring 18F-FDG metabolism of spleen was evaluated using PET/CT on d21 and d28. Results : Mono application of HMA reduced metabolic activity and proliferation significantly (p Moreover, we evaluated the in vivo efficacy of DAC and DAC+AraC. Transplantation of SEM-ffluc-GFP into NSG mice resulted in stable engraftment of ALL cells. Using bioluminescence imaging, leukemic organ infiltration in bone marrow, spleen, lung, liver and brain increased in saline treated mice from d7: 3.0x107 ± 2.3x107 to d31: 6.2x109 ± 5.7x108 ph/s (n=9) continuously. In contrast, treatment with DAC alone or in combination with AraC significantly inhibited the engraftment of ALL cells in vivo. Notably, strongest anti-leukemic effects were induced with DAC alone and not in combination with AraC (d31: DAC: 3.1 x109 ± 1.7 x109 ph/s; n=11 vs. DAC+ AraC: 4.8 x109 ± 1.7 x109 ph/s, n=11). In addition, metabolic spleen volume determined by 18F-FDG-PET/CT on d28 was also markedly reduced in DAC-treated (DAC: 22.8 ± 15.5 mm3, DAC+AraC: 48.7 ± 15.4 mm3) compared to saline treated mice (81.1 ± 21.8 mm3). In vitro combination of DAC with an CK2 inhibitor (CX-4945) induced strong synergistic effects. Here, metabolic activity decreased significantly after 72 h (DAC+CX-4945: 32.2 ± 2.4 % compared to DAC: 72.6 ± 6.4 % and CX-4945: 68.6 ± 8.4 %; DMSO-control: 100 %). The efficacy of DAC and CK2 inhibition in an ALL-xenograft model is currently evaluated. In conclusion, we have shown that HMA significantly inhibit ALL cell proliferation (DAC more than AZA). Further, in vivo combination of DAC with AraC was less effective than DAC alone pointing at antagonistic effects. Of note, our in vitro data indicate that treatment with DAC and CK2 inhibition is synergistic and reveals significant anti-leukemic effects which have to be further elucidated. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are important immune mediators following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We screened for DC frequency in the cornea and oral mucous membranes after HSCT by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in a canine model.In vivo CLSM images of the epithelia were taken the day before and on days 28, 56 and 112 following HSCT. Peripheral blood counts and chimerism were determined.An increase of DCs after HSCT was detected in each animal in both investigated tissue types. Highest DC numbers in the flew and the gingiva were detected on day 28 and in the corneal epithelium on day 56 after HSCT, respectively.Changes of DCs in ocular and non-ocular mucous membranes can be monitored by CLSM in vivo. The DC frequency in the cornea and mucosa changes following HSCT. DC recovery is rapid and their numbers correlate with the development of chimerism of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

With satellite communications on a continuous rise the geostationary arc and orbital slots as well as the frequency spectrum available becomes increasingly crowed. This directly influences the design of the spacecraft antennas as gain and isolation requirements are tightened to be compatible with this environment. Typically, two distinctly different antenna designs emerge depending on the requirements. For more regional type coverages with one shaped beam and with polarisation isolation requirements the shaped reflector antenna is often chosen. The multifeed reflector antennas fulfil the needs of multibeam antennas with stringent isolation requirements between beams that are spatially isolation. State-of-the-art designs continue to be provident by Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH. For the shaped reflector antenna past and several on-going programmes at Dornier Satellitensysteme employ this type of design among them the INSAT-2E shaped reflector antennas which were delivered to ISRO in early 1997. For the mu...

From the interosseous membrane of the forearm a tract extends to the dorsal capsule of the distal radioulnar joint. The structure and function of this tract have been investigated. The tract originates from the radius 22 mm proximal to the distal dorsal corner of the sigmoid notch. Central fibres are attached there with fibrous cartilage and superficial bundles mix with the periosteum. The tract is 8 mm wide, 31 mm long and 1 mm thick. Distally it inserts at the capsule of the distal radioulnar joint between the tendon sheaths of extensor digiti minimi and extensor carpi ulnaris. Deep fibres insert directly at the triangular fibrocartilage. The tract of the interosseous membrane is taut in pronation and loose in supination. It strengthens the dorsal capsule of the distal radioulnar joint. During pronation the tract protects the ulnar head in a sling. Its attachment at the triangular fibrocartilage influences the distal radioulnar joint. Its insertion at the triangular fibrocartilage and the support of the weakest part of the dorsal capsule are of interest.

This paper describes the design of equipment for measuring and temperature control solutions with an accuracy of temperature measurement to ± 0.2 °C from 25 °C to 45 °C. It describes the basic blocks of the proposed facility and the results obtained in testing the liquid volume to 2 litre. The proposed facility is designed as an autonomous system, but allows setting and displaying the control on your compute. The device implements two algorithms and autonomic control of the PSD and the tri-state control. Designed and implemented system for temperature control solutions is fully operational and immediately applicable to real requirements in practice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.18.10.3056

Progress of age-related hematopoietic diseases such as myelodysplastic syndrome has previously been linked to enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was found to reduce mitochondrial ROS production through uncoupling of the respiratory chain. The impact of UCP2 loss and elevated ROS on hematopoiesis during aging has not yet been investigated. In this study, UCP2 knockout mice were analyzed at aging stages of 3, 12, and 24 months with respect to oxidative and energy status of bone marrow cells. Further, the cellular bone marrow subpopulation composition was characterized, as were the differential blood counts at all time points. UCP2 knockout mice revealed enhanced levels of mitochondrial superoxide in elderly animals. Following oxidative stress, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels decreased more in the knockout mice than in the wild type. Investigation of bone marrow and blood counts of the knockout mice revealed an enhanced amount of monocytes and neutrophils, as well as a decreased amount of B cells and impaired erythropoiesis throughout aging. In summary, UCP2 induces protective effects on ROS and ATP levels during aging. Additionally, the results suggest an imbalance in hematopoiesis because of the lack of UCP2.

Highly-ordered and spatially-coherent cobalt slanted columnar thin films were deposited by glancing angle deposition onto silicon substrates, and subsequently oxidized by annealing at 475 $^{\circ}$C. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering, generalized ellipsometry, and density functional theory investigations reveal shape-invariant transformation of the slanted nanocolumns from metallic to transparent metal-oxide core-shell structures with properties characteristic of spinel cobalt oxide. We find passivation of Co-SCTFs yielding CoAl$_2$O$_3$ core-shell structures produced by conformal deposition of a few nanometers of alumina using atomic layer deposition fully prevents cobalt oxidation in ambient and from annealing up to 475 $^{\circ}$C., 5 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables

Belonolaimus longicaudatus and Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus are among the most common nematode parasites of turfgrasses in Florida. Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis) and seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) are the two turf species most commonly used on Florida golf courses. This paper explores the interactions between B. longicaudatus and H. pseudorobustus on bermudagrass and seashore paspalum hosts. Data collected from thousands of nematode samples submitted to the Florida Nematode Assay Lab over a 8-yr period revealed a negative relationship between B. longicaudatus and H. pseudorobustus on bermudagrass, but not seashore paspalum. In a multi-year field plot experiment using multiple cultivars of bermudagrass, and seashore paspalum B. longicaudatus and H. pseudorobustus were negatively related on both turf species. Greenhouse trials where multiple cultivars of both turf species were inoculated with different combinations of B. longicaudatus and H. pseudorobustus found that each nematode species was inhibitory to the other on both host species. Belonolaimus longicaudatus and H. pseudorobustus clearly impact each other on turfgrass hosts, although the mechanism of the nematode-nematode interactions is unknown.

The effect of vibrations and static deformations on aerospace platforms and their influence on the performance of radar, navigation or communication systems are currently studied in the scope of the NATO Research Task Groups SET-131. The deformations may be caused by different effects, e.g. aerodynamic loads, vehicle motion, moving parts such as rudders or turbines, or the impact of a collision. Depending on their strength and the function of the wireless system, they may have a significant impact on the system performance. Structural aspects of the platform such as mechanical or thermal stability, aerodynamics or outer appearance are of great importance. The present paper gives an overview of the scope of work of the group and on-going investigations on system performance analysis and compensation methods such as adaptive signal processing or electronic phase compensation for military key applications such as RADAR, Communication, Electronic Support Measures (ESM) or Command and Control (C2). In addition, the development of an antenna array demonstrator with active vibration compensation using piezo sensors and actuators and control algorithms will be shown, including simulated as well as experimental results.

Regulatory T cells (T(reg)) are CD4(+) T lymphocytes with constitutive expression of CD25 and FOXP3, as well as the ability to modulate cellular immune responses. In this study, the phenotypic characteristics, function and feasibility of enrichment and expansion of canine T(reg) were examined. Canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and enriched by labelling of CD25, and expansion of T(reg) was achieved by adding interleukin (IL)-2 for 1 week. Phenotypic and functional analyses of T(reg) were performed prior to and after expansion. Canine T(reg) could be phenotypically characterized by CD4, CD25, and FOXP3 expression. Isolation and enrichment of canine T(reg) is possible, but high purities are difficult to achieve without significant cell loss. Expansion of canine T(reg) was possible by adding IL-2 without other growth factors. Higher initial cell numbers seeded allow more substantial T(reg) expansion in vitro. Canine T(reg) have the potential to suppress proliferation of effector T cells (T(eff)). By adding expanded T(reg), a higher capability for suppressing T(eff) could be shown in comparison with freshly isolated T(reg). Enrichment and expansion of canine T(reg) is feasible, and canine T(reg) had similar characteristics to T(reg) from other species.

Structure integrated or conformal antenna arrays consist of several spatially distributed patches. Integrated in aircraft fuselages the array is excited by inherent engine and turbulent boundary layer induced vibrations. These disturbances lead to distortions of single patch orientation and thus to unknown phase differences in the patch signals. Smart-structures technology is the key to overcome this problem. Structure integrated sensors and actuators measure structural vibrations and induce annihilating vibrations which are calculated by a controller. This paper presents a closed-loop sub-space identification combined with a self-tuning controller approach. The objective is to identify the controlled plant operating in closed-loop in flight. Thereby, changes in the vibration behavior of the supporting structure due to temperature gradients e.g. are monitored. A subsequent re-synthesis of the controller by self-tuning guarantees optimal performance during the entire flight. For identification a two stage LQ decomposition is combined with a sequential LQ decomposition in order to handle large data sets. In experiments on an active plate demonstrator a parameter study leads to good identification results without degrading controller performance.

An antenna integration concept for carbon fibre reinforced plastics is presented, using the example of a thin conformal S-band annular slot antenna on a UAV. Instead of cutting large holes into the aircraft shell or a panel as usually done for conformal antennas, the antenna is moulded into the laminate. Smooth load transitions for maximum mechanical stability are created in this way. Simulation and measurement results of the antenna performance are shown. Additional advantages of the annular slot antenna over normal blade antennas are presented with regard to typical UAV applications.

This paper presents a hybrid Godunov method for three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics. The multidimensional technique outlined in this paper is an extension of the one-dimensional method that was developed by Sekora & Stone 2009, 2010. The earlier one-dimensional technique was shown to preserve certain asymptotic limits and be uniformly well behaved from the photon free streaming (hyperbolic) limit through the weak equilibrium diffusion (parabolic) limit and to the strong equilibrium diffusion (hyperbolic) limit. This paper gives the algorithmic details for constructing a multidimensional method. A future paper will present numerical tests that demonstrate the robustness of the computational technique across a wide-range of parameter space., 25 pages

Context Morphine sulfate and naltrexone hydrochloride extended release capsules contain extended-release pellets of morphine with a sequestered naltrexone core (MS-sNT). Taken whole, as intended, morphine is released to provide pain relief; if tampered with by crushing, naltrexone is released to mitigate subjective effects of morphine. Objectives This open-label study assessed long-term (12-month) safety of MS-sNT in patients with chronic, moderate to severe pain. Methods Safety assessments included determining adverse events (AEs), laboratory assessments, and the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS). Analgesic efficacy was assessed (diary) as worst, least, average, and current pain using an 11-point numeric scale (0=none; 10=worst). Results Of 465 patients receiving one or more doses, 160 completed the study. Most patients (81.3%) experienced one or more AEs, most commonly constipation (31.8%) or nausea (25.2%). Thirty-three patients (7.1%) reported serious AEs; one patient's severe gastrointestinal inflammation and colitis were considered possibly study drug-related. Most discontinuations (30%) occurred in the first month, most often because of AEs (23.7%). There were no clinically relevant changes in laboratory results or vital signs, and no clinically significant electrocardiogram changes deemed study drug-related. During each visit after Week 1, 5% or fewer patients had COWS scores indicating mild withdrawal symptoms (range, 0%–4.8%). Five patients, who did not take the study drug as instructed, had scores consistent with moderate withdrawal. MS-sNT yielded statistically significant improvements from baseline in mean scores for all pain diary items for all visits, except Week 1 for least pain. Conclusion In this study population, when MS-sNT was taken as directed for chronic, moderate to severe pain for up to 12 months, most AEs were typical opioid-related side effects. Mean COWS scores remained low, indicating lack of withdrawal symptoms and appropriate transition off the study drug at completion.