250 results on '"Schengen Area"'
Search Results
152. SCHENGEN AREA/IMMIGRATION : BARROSO: RESTORING BORDERS 'ONE POSSIBILITY AMONG OTHERS'
- Subjects
Boundaries -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Emigration and immigration -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation ,Business ,Political science ,Social sciences ,European Union. European Commission -- Foreign policy - Abstract
The European Commission's president has made a point of responding publicly to the Franco-German letter of 26 April calling on the EU to broaden the criteria for temporary restoration of [...]
- Published
- 2011
153. SCHENGEN AREA : MALMSTROM REASSURES EP ON VIS PROJECT
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International travel regulations -- Forecasts and trends -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Visas -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Forecasts and trends ,Government regulation ,Market trend/market analysis ,Business ,Political science ,Social sciences ,European Union. European Parliament -- Powers and duties - Abstract
European policy makers talk a lot about problems related to modernisation of the Schengen Information System (SIS II) but less about the problems of the visa information system (VIS), the [...]
- Published
- 2010
154. Les notes de travail de Migrations sans frontières -L'espace Schengen : crise et méta-crise
- Author
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Matringe, Jean, Institut de recherche en droit international et européen de la Sorbonne (IREDIES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Groupement pour l'Étude de la Mondialisation et du Développement (GEMDEV), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), IREDIES, Association des étudiants du Master 2 Droits de l'homme et Union européenne, and Matringe, Jean
- Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,[SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,Schengen Area ,réfugiés ,refugees ,Schengen ,immigration - Abstract
International audience; 30 ans exactement après sa création , l'espace Schengen élargi connaîtrait une crise sans précédent sinon son agonie. La « crise de l'espace Schengen » n'est qu'une crise parmi d'autres que connaît l'Europe aujourd'hui. Toutes ces crises dont on parle quotidiennement sont liées ; elles s'entremêlent et ne sont en réalité que des visages différents d'une même crise d'ordre politique, économique, social, moral, historique, religieux, démographique, idéologique, identitaire ou encore philosophique. En ce sens, iil n'y a pas eu une quelconque crise migratoire en Europe même depuis 2011, mais une crise de l'Europe face à une arrivée certes importante de migrants mais à peine plus que celle qu'elle avait pu connaître dans les années 1990 dans le contexte des conflits en ex-Yougoslavie.
- Published
- 2016
155. The Impact of Scotland’s Prospective Membership of the EU on the 2014 Referendum Debate: Concerns over Borders
- Author
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Carine Berbéri, Interactions Culturelles et Discursives (ICD), and Université de Tours (UT)
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Immigration ,SNP ,Schengen Area ,référendum sur l’indépendance écossaise ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,State (polity) ,Political science ,Subsidiarity ,Referendum ,UE ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,media_common ,Maastricht Treaty ,CTA ,Corporate governance ,Scottish independence referendum ,16. Peace & justice ,Independence ,Schengen ,Law ,Political economy ,2014 Referendum ,Common Travel Area ,EU ,immigration - Abstract
Since the late 1980s, the SNP has tried to use EU membership to promote independence. In the early 1990s this was strengthened by the Maastricht Treaty which introduced the subsidiarity principle, allowing Scotland to bypass the British State thanks to the concept of multi-level governance. Nevertheless, the promise of EU membership did not always make things easier for the SNP. It aroused many concerns about the evolution of borders in the advent of an independent Scotland which would be part of the EU. Three main questions were raised: would Scotland be required to join the Schengen Area as a condition of EU membership? Would it be able to remain part of the Common Travel Area (CTA)? Would it be able to manage its borders? Scotland’s prospective EU membership gave rise to much uncertainty and increased some of the fears linked to the prospect of Scotland becoming an independent country. This paper will consequently examine how the concerns about Scotland’s independence and its prospective EU membership were intertwined and impacted upon the referendum debate as far as borders were concerned. I will focus on the problem raised by a possible requirement for Scotland to join the Schengen Area as part of EU membership. I will also examine the concerns aroused by these issues during the referendum debate, analysing the main arguments used by the nationalists and the pro-Union side. Finally, I will try to assess to what extent these concerns were justified. Depuis la fin des années 1980, le SNP a tenté d’utiliser la question européenne pour promouvoir l’indépendance. Il a été encouragé à poursuivre dans cette direction durant les années 1990 : le traité de Maastricht, qui a introduit le principe de subsidiarité, permettait effectivement à l’Écosse de contourner l’État britannique au sein d’une « gouvernance multi-niveaux ». Pourtant, l’UE n’a pas toujours facilité la tâche du SNP. En témoigne la campagne du dernier référendum sur l’indépendance écossaise de 2014, durant laquelle la question de la future adhésion de l’Écosse à l’UE a suscité diverses interrogations quant à l’évolution de ses frontières : une Écosse indépendante serait-elle contrainte d’adhérer à la zone Schengen si elle voulait rester membre de l’UE ? Pourrait-elle continuer à faire partie de la zone de circulation commune ? Pourrait-elle contrôler ses frontières ? La future adhésion de l’Écosse à l’UE a engendré diverses inquiétudes, amplifiant les craintes déjà suscitées par la perspective d’une Écosse indépendante. Dans cet article, nous expliquerons donc dans quelle mesure les inquiétudes relatives à l’indépendance de l’Écosse et à sa future adhésion à l’UE étaient liées et nous examinerons leurs effets sur le débat référendaire. Nous nous concentrerons sur la question des frontières et notamment sur le problème soulevé par une éventuelle adhésion forcée de l’Écosse à la zone Schengen. Nous étudierons aussi les craintes exprimées à cette occasion et les principaux arguments mis en avant par les camps nationaliste et unioniste. Enfin, nous tenterons de déterminer dans quelle mesure ces craintes étaient justifiées.
- Published
- 2016
156. Dès les eurorégions jusqu’à l’espace schengen: les nouvelles pratiques des frontières de l’union européennetander
- Author
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Sanguin, André-Louis
- Subjects
Construcción europea ,Revistas ,Refrontiérisation ,Eurorégions ,Núcleo Táchira (NUTULA) ,Refronterizacion ,Schengen Area ,Cross-border cooperation ,Euroregions ,Investigación [Aldea Mundo] ,Euroregiones ,Rebordering ,Espace Schengen ,Defronterizacion ,Universidad de Los Andes ,Construction européenne ,Artes y Humanidades ,European construction ,Debordering ,Cooperación transfronteriza ,Défrontiérisation ,Coopératio transfrontalière ,Aldea Mundo ,Espacio Schengen - Abstract
Las prácticas fronterizas de la Unión Europea tienen que comprenderse en el contexto general de la construcción europea aplicada desde los años cincuenta según el principio European Peace by Open Borders. El artículo aborda sucesivamente los principales aspectos de las prácticas fronterizas de la Union Europea, es decir, la eliminación de los obstáculos físicos en las fronteras interiores, la cooperación transfronteriza, la ordenación y la gobernanza fronterizas. Algunas observaciones son dedicadas a las Eurorregiones y al Espacio de Schengen. La cuestión de las fronteras exteriores de la Unión Europea pone de relieve el dilema de fronterización-refronterización. Las fronteras de la Unión Europea necesitan una re-evaluacion y una re-escritura geográcas. The EU’s border experiences have to be understood within the general context of the European construction at work since the 1950s according to the principle European Peace by Open Borders. The paper succesively scrutinizes the key aspects of the EU’s border issues, i.e. erasing the physical obstacles at the inner borders, cross-border cooperation, border planning and governance. Some analyzes are devoted to the Euroregions and the Schengen Area. The problem of the EU’s outer border highlights the debordering-rebordering dilemma. The EU’s borders need a geographical reevaluation and rewriting. Les pratiques frontalières de l’Union Européenne doivent de comprende dans le contexte général de la construcción européene à l’oeuvre depuis les années 1950 selon le príncipe European Peace by Open Bordes. L’article aborde successivament les principaux aspects des practiques frontalières de l’Union Européenne: gommage des obstacles physiques frontalières coopération transfrontalière, aménagement et gouvernance transfrontaliers. Des analyses son consacrées aux Eurorégions et à l’Espace Schengen. Le probléme des frontières extérieures de l’Union Européenne mer en relief le dilemme défrontérisation-refrontérisation. Les frontières de l’Union Européenne on besoin d’une réévaluation et d’une réécriture gégraphiques 9-19 al.sanguin@orange.fr semestral
- Published
- 2016
157. Areas and Trends of Cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union on Migration Issues
- Author
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Laba, O.
- Subjects
візовий режим ,біженці ,European standards ,мігранти ,illegal migration ,cooperation ,Шенгенська зона ,migrants ,refugees ,співпраця ,migration space ,міграційний простір ,міграційна політика ,migration policy ,європейські стандарти ,visa regime ,нелегальна міграція ,Schengen area - Abstract
У статті досліджено етапи формування спільної міграційної політики України та Європейського Союзу, розкрито зміст основних політичних документів, що визначають напрями та інструменти політики ЄС та України у сфері міграції, викладено норми законодавства, прийнятого на їх виконання. Проаналізовано співпрацю України з Європейським Союзом у галузі регулювання міграційних процесів та запропоновано окремі рекомендації, реалізація яких сприяла б удосконаленню міграційної політики України у відповідності до європейських стандартів.The article considers the stages of setting up a joint migration policy of Ukraine and the European Union, the content of the main political documents, which define the directions and policy instruments of the EU and Ukraine in the field of migration, describes the norms of legislation adopted to promote and facilitate their implementation. In the focus of attention is cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in the management of migration processes and certain recommendations, implementation of which would help to improve Ukraine's migration policy in compliance with European standards. The recommendations are worked out in terms of the perspective of abolition of the visa regime for Ukrainians, deepening the relations with various countries of the EU as a result of the association, which will inevitably intensify cross-border mobility in the western direction. The article places importance on the need for implementation of the acquis communautaire in the subsequent integration of Ukraine with the EU. Thus the study of the developments and the use of EU migration policy seem to be extremely important.
- Published
- 2016
158. Refugees, External Borders, and the Evolution of the Concept of International Border
- Author
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Valle Gálvez, José Alejandro del and Derecho Internacional Público, Penal y Procesal
- Subjects
Asylum seekers ,Inmigración ,Schengen Area ,asilo político ,Borders and Frontiers ,Frontera ,Asylum Law ,Inmigrantes ,Espace Schengen ,Seguridad y Defensa ,European Union ,European Union Law ,crisis de refugiados ,Refugee Studies ,EU Refugee Crises ,Migraciones Internacionales ,Refugees ,Derecho de la Unión Europea ,European Immigration and Asylum Law ,Migración ,Refugee Law ,Refugees and Forced Migration Studies ,Border Studies ,Schengen ,Immigrazione in Europa ,Borderlands Studies ,Migraciones ,Fronteras ,Borders and Borderlands ,Refugee Resettlement ,Schengen Visa policy ,Frontiere Confini Limiti ,Europa ,Refugiados - Abstract
Con la crisis de los refugiados, la UE parece haberse adentrado con sus competencias compartidas, de una manera posibilista, en forjar una política razonablemente efectiva de control de fronteras exteriores, enmarcada en el control migratorio, que comporte igualmente relaciones con este fin con los países del entorno, adaptadas a cada país. Naturalmente que se trata de una reacción ante la crisis, y las medidas que se toman van conformando una estrategia –antes inexistente- para solventar esta problemática; No hay que extrañarse por este planteamiento que conlleva deficiencias en la respuestas a la crisis, ya que se trata del tradicional método “comunitario” de funcionamiento, y por lo tanto son reacciones puntuales las que hacen avanzar funcionalmente la integración -como es el caso reciente del Reglamento de la Guardia de fronteras y costas-. Independientemente de las reacciones de la UE y los Estados, conviene inscribir la crisis y las medidas de la UE en un contexto más general de modificaciones esenciales de las funciones fronterizas, y del mismo concepto de frontera internacional. En efecto, parece que nos encontramos ante cambios de envergadura en la concepción y funciones de la frontera, cambios que parecen también proyectarse especialmente en la UE. Claro que la Frontera pervive, cambiando de sentido y forma a través de los siglos. Si hoy, tras larga evolución, la frontera es una línea divisoria entre entidades estatales, las funciones que históricamente cumple han ido igualmente evolucionando. En efecto, la frontera y las funciones que cumple -frontera límite, frontera-lugar de control, o como lugar de cooperación- han conocido evoluciones diferenciadas. Uno de los logros de la integración europea es precisamente haber desarrollado un modelo propio de fronteras, en el que la función de control fronterizo se ha adaptado a la realidad de la integración y del espacio Schengen, reordenando las funciones de poder público de vigilancia y control fronterizo entre los Estados miembros. De esta manera, el Modelo europeo de fronteras ya transformó la concepción tradicional de frontera, con la supresión de controles de fronteras interiores (y las correlativas medidas securitarias, e innovaciones en Derecho Internacional como la generalización de la persecución “en caliente” terrestre) . Aparentemente, ahora este modelo europeo se adentra decididamente en su adaptación a la faceta externa de la vigilancia y control de las fronteras exteriores europeas. Se trata de establecer un Modelo europeo de fronteras con un control diferenciado y adaptado a los amplios territorios fronterizos de la Unión. Pero crear un sistema o modelo de fronteras exteriores propio y diferenciado es más complejo que el modelo supresor de los controles interiores: a diferencia del modelo inicial de fronteras interiores/exteriores instaurado tras recibirse el caudal Schengen con el Tratado de Ámsterdam de 1997, hay elementos que la UE y los Estados no pueden por sí mismos crear u ordenar: necesitan a los Estados terceros mediterráneos, ya que para cambiar las funciones de la frontera exterior europea se requiere el acuerdo de los Estados terceros. Además un modelo evolucionado y propio de Frontera Exterior europea debe tener una coherente imbricación con la política exterior y los flujos migratorios africanos y orientales. En buena lógica, debería ser la resultante de un proyecto previo constitucional de ciudadanía, inmigración y extranjería europea; pero esto como decimos es un modo de proceder contrario al tradicional modo funcionalista de integración por pequeños pasos, que por definición no parte de una previa “construcción de conjunto”. Sin embargo, la envergadura y drama de la crisis requiere ampliar la perspectiva de respuesta, al menos como estrategia de conjunto, en estos momentos de creciente intensidad normativa de la Unión en estos temas. En realidad, dada la generalizada percepción de vulnerabilidad del cinturón fronterizo exterior meridional, estamos ante lo que parece una tendencia inevitable en Europa, con diversas manifestaciones de nuevas y complejas funciones de control de fronteras que albergan ahora numerosos aspectos problemáticos; con instrumentos de control que se proyectan no sólo en la línea de frontera, sino en diferentes lugares y espacios de los territorios liminares europeo y de otros Estados limítrofes. De esta tendencia se considera que existen numerosas manifestaciones, todas referidas a problemáticas extraterritoriales del ejercicio de funciones de frontera, en los márgenes o fuera del territorio de la Unión, con instrumentos europeos de control pre-fronterizo , y que han recibido diversas denominaciones . Es el caso por ejemplo de la idea recurrente de crear un centro en el norte de África para alojar a los demandantes de asilo mientras se procesan sus solicitudes en Europea, hoy por hoy sin posible cobertura legal internacional o europea . A mi juicio, la nueva Política de Fronteras Exteriores deberá afrontar esta separación de las funciones de control respecto a la frontera-línea exterior, que implica el desplazamiento extraterritorial de ciertas funciones de control fronterizo en los márgenes de Europa. Desde esta perspectiva de cambio en el concepto y funciones de la frontera exterior europea, lo que se está planteando o forjando en mi opinión es un nuevo Modelo de Frontera Exterior, donde la Frontera no sea sólo una línea donde ejercer todas las funciones de control fronterizo; sino que habría que entenderla más como un territorio que como una línea, un espacio fronterizo amplio en el que podrían llevarse a cabo determinadas funciones de control y acceso al territorio UE, comprendida la tramitación de solicitudes de asilo, la retención de llegada de refugiados , o la ejecución de acuerdos de retorno y devolución de inmigrantes y refugiados . Por tanto la frontera, a efectos de tareas labores de control, se transformaría funcionalmente en un amplio espacio territorial y marítimo, variable, de territorios limítrofes e islas bajo soberanía de un Estado UE y un Estado tercero fronterizo. Desde luego, en el concepto internacional de frontera no es una novedad la no coincidencia entre frontera-límite y frontera-lugar de control ; pero sí la pretensión de adelantar sistemáticamente los instrumentos de control fronterizo de acceso al territorio europeo, en un nuevo modelo juridico-institucional fronterizo evolucionado. Así, este modelo europeo de frontera exterior se inscribiría en una tendencia general de la sociedad internacional de la globalización, que afirma las fronteras aunque alterando su concepción, funciones y componentes de base territorial . En el caso europeo, este nuevo modelo comportaría una desagregación de ciertas funciones fronterizas, como el control de acceso, en un amplio espacio liminar terrestre o marítimo. El problema es claro cómo garantizar la aplicación del Derecho y los valores europeos en estos territorios liminares concéntricos de Europa. Este retorno a los amplios márgenes fronterizos en lugar de las fronteras lineales, donde la UE proyecta su poder en búsqueda de seguridad y de protección de intereses esenciales , es un fenómeno que debe embridarse con el Derecho y la vigilancia del cumplimiento del Derecho internacional y europeo de Derechos Humanos. La crisis de refugiados está teniendo un efecto añadido sobre las Fronteras europeas, y todo parece indicar que podemos encontrarnos ante una evolución del modelo funcional de control en el acceso al territorio de la Unión. Pero una verdadera Política de Fronteras Exteriores europea requiere concebir desde los valores europeos un nuevo Modelo de fronteras, donde, acomodado entre las políticas de inmigración y de PESC, las funciones de control se desarrollen con plenas garantías de cumplimiento del Derecho, en un contexto de Derechos Humanos y de cooperación transfronteriza con los territorios liminares europeos.
- Published
- 2016
159. Analýza protiteroristické politiky Velké Británie s využitím konceptu europeizace
- Author
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Raimonda Nováčková
- Subjects
counter-terrorism policy ,Europol ,Lisbon Treaty ,Great Britain ,European Arrest Warrant ,EU’s Counter-terrorisms Strategy ,lcsh:JC11-607 ,lcsh:Political theory ,Europeanization ,Schengen area - Abstract
The Analysis of Counter-terrorism Policy in Great Britain via the Application of the Concept of Europeanization. The main objective of this study is the application of the concept of Europeanization to the area of the counter-terrorism policy. Europeanization is then illustrated on several institutional and legislative milestones in the evolution of the fight against terrorism. Due to the mutual interactions between the national and supranational level, the processes of change can be observed within Great Britain as well as on the EU level. The text is structured chronologically into the following parts: the initial formation of the fight against terrorism, the period after 11/9, the period after the terrorist attacks on two European cities, and finally the current form of counter-terrorism policy in the context of the Lisbon treaty.
- Published
- 2012
160. Los refugiados, las fronteras exteriores, y la evolución del concepto de frontera internacional
- Author
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Derecho Internacional Público, Penal y Procesal, Del Valle Gálvez, Alejandro, Derecho Internacional Público, Penal y Procesal, and Del Valle Gálvez, Alejandro
- Abstract
Con la crisis de los refugiados, la UE parece haberse adentrado con sus competencias compartidas, de una manera posibilista, en forjar una política razonablemente efectiva de control de fronteras exteriores, enmarcada en el control migratorio, que comporte igualmente relaciones con este fin con los países del entorno, adaptadas a cada país. Naturalmente que se trata de una reacción ante la crisis, y las medidas que se toman van conformando una estrategia –antes inexistente- para solventar esta problemática; No hay que extrañarse por este planteamiento que conlleva deficiencias en la respuestas a la crisis, ya que se trata del tradicional método “comunitario” de funcionamiento, y por lo tanto son reacciones puntuales las que hacen avanzar funcionalmente la integración -como es el caso reciente del Reglamento de la Guardia de fronteras y costas-. Independientemente de las reacciones de la UE y los Estados, conviene inscribir la crisis y las medidas de la UE en un contexto más general de modificaciones esenciales de las funciones fronterizas, y del mismo concepto de frontera internacional. En efecto, parece que nos encontramos ante cambios de envergadura en la concepción y funciones de la frontera, cambios que parecen también proyectarse especialmente en la UE. Claro que la Frontera pervive, cambiando de sentido y forma a través de los siglos. Si hoy, tras larga evolución, la frontera es una línea divisoria entre entidades estatales, las funciones que históricamente cumple han ido igualmente evolucionando. En efecto, la frontera y las funciones que cumple -frontera límite, frontera-lugar de control, o como lugar de cooperación- han conocido evoluciones diferenciadas. Uno de los logros de la integración europea es precisamente haber desarrollado un modelo propio de fronteras, en el que la función de control fronterizo se ha adaptado a la realidad de la integración y del espacio Schengen, reordenando las funciones de poder público de vigilancia y control fronterizo entre
- Published
- 2016
161. Los nuevos límites a la libre circulación de turistas en la Unión Europea
- Author
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Acosta Penco, Mª Teresa and Acosta Penco, Mª Teresa
- Abstract
Con la presente Comunicación se pretende analizar y exponer el nacimiento, evolución y límites del principio de libre circulación y su influencia en el turismo en el seno de la Unión Europea. Para ello se utilizará la bibliografía de referencia en la materia, las sentencias del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y el conjunto normativo del Derecho de la Unión que regula el derecho a la libre circulación y el cruce de fronteras interiores y exteriores. Desde la creación de esta organización, los desplazamientos turísticos intracomunitarios se habían facilitado conforme el principio de libre circulación iba ampliando su margen de actuación y sus beneficiarios. En la actualidad, el restablecimiento de controles fronterizos se ha convertido en el principal recurso de los Estados miembros para tratar de frenar la entrada de terroristas o refugiados en sus respectivos territorios. Indirectamente ello ha implicado, para aquellos que se desplacen con fines turísticos, que el cruce de fronteras ya no esté “exento de controles”. En definitiva se está limitando la libre circulación para tratar de salvaguardar la seguridad y el orden público de los Estados miembros., With this Communication we try to analyze and explain the birth, evolution and limits of the principle of free movement and its influence on tourism within the European Union. For this purpose the bibliography of reference on the subject, the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the EU regulation on freedom of movement and borders have been used. Since the creation of this organization, intra-community tourist travel had been provided while the principle of free movement has expanded its scope of action and beneficiaries. Currently, the reintroduction of border controls has become the main resource of the Member States to try to stop the entry of terrorists or refugees in their territories. Indirectly it implies, for those who are traveling for tourism, that the border crossing is no longer "free of control". Ultimately it is limiting the free movement to try to safeguard security and public order of the Member States.
- Published
- 2016
162. Schengen area in times of immigration crisis
- Author
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Lesiewicz, Elżbieta and Lesiewicz, Elżbieta
- Abstract
The subject of the consideration in this article are issues related to the functioning of the Schengen area in times of the 2015/2016 immigration crisis in Europe. The Author of this article firstly referred to the origins of the crisis, the role of the Schengen area in the process of integrating the European continent, and then analyzed the phenomenon of uncontrolled growth of immigrants coming to Europe, taking into account decisions, initiatives and activities of certain Schengen area countries and the impact of these actions on running of the Schengen zone. In conclusion, the author stated that in times of serious difficulties, the Schengen area would probably survive, but it has to undertake certain steps (reforms, strengthening of the external border controls) helping to adapt to the new circumstances., Przedmiotem rozważań niniejszego artykułu są zagadnienia związane z funkcjonowaniem strefy Schengen w czasie kryzysu imigracyjnego, jaki dotknął Europę w 2015 roku i w pierwszej połowie 2016 roku. W rozważaniach odniesiono się do genezy, istoty i znaczenia obszaru Schengen w procesie integrowania się kontynentu europejskiego. Przeanalizowano zjawisko niekontrolowanego wzrostu imigrantów przybywających do Europy pod względem ilościowym, uwzględniając jego skutki i znaczenie dla istnienia obszaru Schengen. Zwrócono uwagę na decyzje państw strefy Schengen, które w obawie przed narastającą falą imigrantów wprowadzały tymczasowe kontrole na granicach. Uwzględniono inicjatywy podejmowane przez państwa europejskie w celu rozwiązana kryzysu imigracyjnego, ale i wyeksponowano brak solidarności w tych działaniach. W konkluzji autorka stwierdza, iż w najbliższym czasie strefa Schengen się nie rozpadnie, ale żeby przetrwała musi się zaadoptować do nowych okoliczności za pomocą reform i wzmocnić kontrole na granicach zewnętrznych.
- Published
- 2016
163. Vingt ans d’expérience migratoire en Roumanie postcommuniste
- Author
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Raymonde Séchet, Despina Vasilcu, Centre de recherches en géographie appliquée, Université 'Stefan cel Mare' de Suceava, Université Stefan cel Mare de Suceava, Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)
- Subjects
Migrations internationales ,Romania ,Libre circulation des travailleurs ,Geography, Planning and Development ,espace Schengen ,lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Schengen Area ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Espace Schengen ,lcsh:G ,international migration ,migration internationale ,lcsh:H1-99 ,European Union ,Union européenne ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,free movement of workers ,libre circulation des travailleurs ,Roumanie ,Demography - Abstract
International audience; International migrations during the two decades following the fall of Ceausescu's regime saw evolutions in their legal context, their forms, their destinations and motivations. Political changes of the year 1989, the hardening of European migratory policies in the 90's, the partial opening of the Schengen area to Romanians in 2002, the entry of Romania in the European Union in 2007 have defined the different stages of these migrations. The text highlights the main outlines of these migrations before making the assessment about their consequences for Romania and its people; Les dynamiques migratoires durant les deux décennies postérieures à la chute du régime Ceausescu ont été variées dans leur contexte réglementaire, leurs formes, leurs destinations, leurs motivations. Le changement de régime en 1989, le durcissement des politiques migratoires européennes, l'ouverture partielle de l'espace Schengen aux Roumains en 2002, l'entrée de la Roumanie dans l'Union européenne rythment les étapes de ces migrations dont nous retraçons les grandes lignes avant d'esquisser un bilan pour la Roumanie et ses habitants.
- Published
- 2011
164. SCHENGEN AREA : PARTY PLANNING IN FULL SWING AS DATE SET FOR ENDING BORDER CHECKS
- Subjects
European Union -- Membership ,Economic unions -- Membership ,Convention on the Gradual Abolition of Checks at Common Borders, 1985 ,Business ,Political science ,Social sciences ,Membership - Abstract
It is official: nine new EU member states will, as planned, be joining the Schengen area on 21 December. The move will lead to the absence of internal border checks [...]
- Published
- 2007
165. Policing the internal Schengen borders – managing the double bind between free movement and migration control
- Author
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Sara Casella Colombeau, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Control (management) ,Public administration ,Territoriality ,Convention ,Deportation ,Sovereignty ,State (polity) ,Political science ,050602 political science & public administration ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,border police ,European Union ,European union ,0505 law ,media_common ,Schengen area ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,05 social sciences ,sovereignty ,16. Peace & justice ,Free movement ,Border checks ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,0506 political science ,Law ,050501 criminology - Abstract
International audience; Analyses of security practices at borders have focused on the dematerialisation and de-territorialisation of control of individuals’ mobility. This paper explores the nature of the control the state still exercises over individuals’ mobility at national borders. It focuses on a border that is supposed to have been opened, between France and Italy, inside the Schengen Area. It is based on analysis of the practices, representations and organisation of French border police officers, beginning with the legal and organisational transformations due to implementation of the Schengen Convention at the France–Italy border. It then turns to the study of border police officers’ targeting practices, using Heyman's notion of a ‘plausible story’. Finally, it assesses the influence of deportation practices on the territoriality of the control of individuals’ mobility, as well as its effects on targeting practices. These borders are at the core of the interaction between the construction of a new, European political centre, and the affirmation of an older one, the national, political centre. This paper demonstrates that border police officers are in charge of dealing with the tension, a double bind of sorts, emerging from this interaction. National, internal borders are still a site in which the state manages individuals’ mobility.
- Published
- 2015
166. the Role of FRONTEX in the European refugee crisis
- Author
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Fridrichová, Katrin, Novotná, Markéta, and Rolenc, Jan Martin
- Subjects
ochrana vnějších hranic EU ,refugees ,Schengen Area ,Evropská agentura pro řízení operativní spolupráce na vnějších hranicích EU ,securing the EU's borders ,Evropská unie ,Frontex ,migrační krize ,European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders ,uprchlíci ,illegal immigration ,nelegální migrace ,European Union ,Schengenský prostor ,refugee crisis - Abstract
The bachelor thesis aims to elaborate the role of Frontex agency and its sufficiency in coping with the migration crisis. The criteria chosen were quantitative aspects (the budget and the number of detentions of illegal border crossings over the external borders), and qualitative aspects evaluated with content analysis based on proclamations of the representatives of European bodies (European Council, European Parliament and European Commission) in the year 2015. Main designated activities were operational, on the base of the analysis of agency´s mandate. Therefore, the main role of the agency is both coordination and assistant. The rule, that member states and their border forces are responsible for external borders protection, still applies. This statement is the main problematic issue and despite Frontex has been successful in its role, all the investigated European institutions agrees that the mandate of the agency should be inevitably strengthened to improve protection of external borders.
- Published
- 2015
167. Migration in Hungary: historical legacies and differential integration
- Author
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Rusu, Ioana, author
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
168. Geopolítica de las migraciones; Una aproximación a sus consecuencias: FRONTEX
- Author
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Garris Mozota, Jorge and Garris Mozota, Jorge
- Abstract
Currently, more than 200 million migrants in the world joined them the nearly 60 million displaced as a result of different causes as change geoeconomic and armed conflicts, employing different migration routes, also used for illegal trafficking of all kinds. We are witnessing these days a migratory pressure without equal on the EU, which has caused a crisis, humanitarian and political; before this the action of the FRONTEX, in addition to the humanitarian type is important., Actualmente, a los más de 200 millones de migrantes en el mundo se les suman los cerca de 60 millones de desplazados a consecuencia de diferentes causas como los cambios geoeconómicos y los conflictos bélicos, empleando diferentes rutas migratorias, también utilizadas para el tráfico ilegal de todo tipo. Estamos asistiendo en estos días a una presión migratoria sin igual sobre la UE, que ha provocado una crisis humanitaria y política; ante ello resulta importante la acción de la FRONTEX, además de las de tipo humanitario.
- Published
- 2015
169. SCHENGEN AREA : MEPS THROW WEIGHT BEHIND BULGARIA AND ROMANIA'S ENTRY BID
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Administrative agencies -- Service introduction -- Licensing, certification and accreditation ,Rural development -- Service introduction ,Company service introduction ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science ,European Union. European Parliament -- Service introduction -- Licensing, certification and accreditation - Abstract
Once again, against the opinion of the two holdout states, the European Parliament adopted by a large majority, on 13 October, a resolution approving unconditionally the admission of Bulgaria and [...]
- Published
- 2011
170. IMMIGRATION/FREE MOVEMENT : MEPS CRITICAL AND SCEPTICAL OF SCHENGEN REVIEW
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Emigration and immigration ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science ,European Union. European Parliament - Abstract
A voice spoke out, on 2 May in Brussels, against the proposed reform of Schengen rules on free movement to facilitate the reintroduction of checks at internal borders in case [...]
- Published
- 2011
171. SCHENGEN AREA : EU MULLS FURTHER TIGHTENING IMMIGRATION RULES
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Emigration and immigration law ,Emigration and immigration ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science - Abstract
What do the other member states think about temporarily reintroducing checks at internal borders in the Schengen area, discontinued in 1995? This is the question that will be put to [...]
- Published
- 2011
172. VISAS : BELGIUM UNEASY OVER ASYLUM REQUESTS FROM BALKANS
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Emigration and immigration law ,Asylum, Right of ,Visas ,Emigration and immigration ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science - Abstract
Melchior Wathelet, Belgium's state secretary for immigration, has sent a letter to the European Commission expressing his concerns about the increase in asylum applications from Serbia and the former Yugoslav [...]
- Published
- 2011
173. JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS : SCHENGEN SUCCESSES AND ASYLUM WOES: FAULL TAKES STOCK
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Asylum, Right of ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science - Abstract
Despite all its challenges, the border-free Schengen area stands out as a success story for the EU, but the same cannot be said of the immigration and asylum procedures applied [...]
- Published
- 2010
174. VISAS : SCHENGEN COUNTRIES MORE ACCESSIBLE TO NON-EUROPEAN TRAVELLERS
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Visas ,Travelers ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science - Abstract
From 5 April, non-European travellers will have an easier time getting a short-stay visa (less than three months during a six-month period) in the European countries of the border control-free [...]
- Published
- 2010
175. SCHENGEN AREA : EP SUPPORTS FREE MOVEMENT FOR LONG-STAY VISA HOLDERS
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Students -- Emigration and immigration -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Visas -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science ,European Union. European Parliament -- Domestic policy - Abstract
Non-European nationals living in one of the EU member states on a long-stay visa, such as students or researchers, should be able to travel to other EU states for three [...]
- Published
- 2010
176. EU/LIBYA/SCHENGEN AREA : EU PROMISES 'APPROPRIATE REACTION' TO TRIPOLI'S VISA MOVE
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Business ,Business, international ,Political science ,European Union. European Commission - Abstract
Following Libya's unilateral decision to stop granting visas to European citizens from the Schengen borderless area, the EU is looking into 'an appropriate reaction by the end of the week,' [...]
- Published
- 2010
177. REGULATION OF CUSTOMS POLICY IN SLOVENIA
- Author
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Kolar, Aleš and Logožar, Klavdij
- Subjects
schengensko območje ,Carinski zakonik Skupnosti ,the Republic of Slovenia ,the Community Customs Code ,Customs Office of the Republic of Slovenia ,regulation ,Schengen Area ,Republika Slovenija ,the European Union ,carinska politika ,the Republic of Croatia ,Carinski urad Republike Slovenije ,Evropska Unija ,tariff policy ,nacionalno pravo ,udc:339.5 ,mednarodno pravo ,blagovna menjava ,international law ,slovensko gospodarstvo ,Republika Hrvaška ,national law ,trade ,the Slovenian economy ,zakonska ureditev - Abstract
V diplomskem delu je predstavljena zakonska ureditev carinske politike v Republiki Sloveniji, ki se prepleta z evropskim pravnim redom, kjer osnovna carinska pravila opredeljuje Carinski zakonik Skupnosti. Naloge carinske službe opravlja Carinski urad Republike Slovenije, ki pri svojem delu uporablja tako mednarodno kot nacionalno pravo. The thesis presents the regulation of customs policy in Slovenia, which intertwines with EU legislation, where basic customs rules defining the Community Customs Code . The tasks of the customs service performs Customs Office of the Republic of Slovenia, which uses the international as well as national law at work.
- Published
- 2014
178. FORMALIZATION AND PERMEABILITY OF STATES’S BORDER AND THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF BORDER REGIONS ILLUSTRATED ON THE EXAMPLE OF LOWER SILESIA AND PODLASKIE VOIVODESHIPS
- Author
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Wroblewski, Lukasz
- Subjects
border region ,Community/Rural/Urban Development ,external and internal border of the European Union ,Schengen Area ,regional development - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
179. Schengen area in times of immigration crisis
- Author
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Elżbieta Lesiewicz
- Subjects
Unia Europejska ,strefa Schengen ,immigrants ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Immigration ,Subject (philosophy) ,General Medicine ,kryzys imigracyjny ,imigranci ,Europe ,Geography ,Economy ,Political economy ,Phenomenon ,European Union ,Europa ,immigration crisis ,Schengen area ,media_common - Abstract
Przedmiotem rozważań niniejszego artykułu są zagadnienia związane z funkcjonowaniem strefy Schengen w czasie kryzysu imigracyjnego, jaki dotknął Europę w 2015 roku i w pierwszej połowie 2016 roku. W rozważaniach odniesiono się do genezy, istoty i znaczenia obszaru Schengen w procesie integrowania się kontynentu europejskiego. Przeanalizowano zjawisko niekontrolowanego wzrostu imigrantów przybywających do Europy pod względem ilościowym, uwzględniając jego skutki i znaczenie dla istnienia obszaru Schengen. Zwrócono uwagę na decyzje państw strefy Schengen, które w obawie przed narastającą falą imigrantów wprowadzały tymczasowe kontrole na granicach. Uwzględniono inicjatywy podejmowane przez państwa europejskie w celu rozwiązana kryzysu imigracyjnego, ale i wyeksponowano brak solidarności w tych działaniach. W konkluzji autorka stwierdza, iż w najbliższym czasie strefa Schengen się nie rozpadnie, ale żeby przetrwała musi się zaadoptować do nowych okoliczności za pomocą reform i wzmocnić kontrole na granicach zewnętrznych. The subject of the consideration in this article are issues related to the functioning of the Schengen area in times of the 2015/2016 immigration crisis in Europe. The Author of this article firstly referred to the origins of the crisis, the role of the Schengen area in the process of integrating the European continent, and then analyzed the phenomenon of uncontrolled growth of immigrants coming to Europe, taking into account decisions, initiatives and activities of certain Schengen area countries and the impact of these actions on running of the Schengen zone. In conclusion, the author stated that in times of serious difficulties, the Schengen area would probably survive, but it has to undertake certain steps (reforms, strengthening of the external border controls) helping to adapt to the new circumstances.
- Published
- 2016
180. EU/BALKANS : VISAS: GREEN LIGHT FOR SERBIA, BOSNIA WILL HAVE TO WAIT
- Subjects
Visas ,Business ,Business, international ,Political science ,European Union. European Parliament - Abstract
From 1 January 2010, citizens of Serbia, Macedonia and Montenegro should no longer need a visa to enter the Schengen area(1). The proposal concerns short-term visas (less than three months). [...]
- Published
- 2009
181. Boj s nelegálním přistěhovalectvím v EU
- Author
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Mandysová, Ivana, Červová, Miroslava, Mandysová, Ivana, and Červová, Miroslava
- Abstract
Ve své práci se věnuji nelegální migraci do zemí EU. Nelegální migrace je nežádoucí a má negativní následky nejen pro jednotlivce ale i pro celou společnost. A proto je nutné řešit neregulérní cizince nejen pomocí legislativního zajištění, ale i pomocí pravidel lidskosti, důstojnosti a rovnosti každého člověka. Cílem práce je analyzovat současný boj s nelegálním přistěhovalectvím v EU. Tento hlavní cíl předpokládá naplnění dílčích cílů: osvětlit základní pojmy týkající se nelegální migrace, popsat vývoj, provést analýzu aktuální situace a nalézt nástroje a legislativní opatření sloužící k řešení problematiky nelegálního vstupu cizinců z tzv. "třetích zemí" a boje proti nelegálnímu přistěhovalectví., In my thesis I deal with illegal migration to EU countries. Illegal migration is undesirable and has negative consequences not only for individuals but also for the whole society. Therefore, it is necessary to solve irregular foreigners, not only by legislative protection but also by rules of humanity, dignity and equality of every human being. The aim of work is to analyze the current fight against illegal immigration in the EU. This main objective presupposes the fulfillment of partial goals: shed light on the basic concepts related to illegal migration, to describe the development, analyze the current situation and to find the tools and legislative measures designed to tackle the illegal entry of foreigners from "third countries" and the fight against illegal immigration., Ústav regionálních a bezpečnostních věd, Studentka zpracovávala bakalářskou práci na téma Boj s nelegálním přistěhovalectvím v EU. Cílem práce bylo provedení analýzy aktuální situace nelegálního přistěhovalectví, její následné zhodnocení a doporučení. Práce hledá, jaké jsou možnosti, nástroje a legislativní opatření sloužící k řešení problematiky nelegálního pobytu cizinců. Po prezentaci práce studentka odpověděla na otázky: Jak vnímá Evropská unie příčiny, proč k migraci dochází? Jak byste hodnotila úspěšnost postupů k řešení migrační problematiky v České republice? Odpovědi na dotazy byly uspokojivé.
- Published
- 2014
182. Air transport in Czech Republic after accession to the European Union
- Author
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Malá, Marie, Vošta, Milan, and Bartušková, Hana
- Subjects
Air traffic volume ,Schengen Area ,Czech Airlines ,ČSA ,Václav Havel Airport ,Regulace letecké dopravy ,Objem české letecké dopravy ,Letiště Václava Havla ,Letecká doprava v ČR ,Schengenský prostor ,Air transport in Czech Republic ,Regulation of air transport - Abstract
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to provide readers with overview of Czech air transport, its importance, system of regulation and presentation of the most important players in the air transport market and their roles. Furthermore, this thesis focuses on changes that occured as a result of Czech republic's accession to the European Union and to the Schengen Area. It also deals with common legislation, projects and developmet after 2004.
- Published
- 2013
183. Pomicanje granice Europske unije na jugoistok i višestruki procesi teritorijalizacije
- Author
-
Višeslav Raos
- Subjects
Europska unija ,Hrvatska ,teritorij ,granica ,Schengen ,European Union ,Croatia ,Territory ,Border ,Schengen Area - Abstract
Europska unija kao jedinstven postmoderni politički sustav redefinira državnost, suverenost i teritorijalnost te pri tome mijenja tradicionalni značaj teritorija i državnih granica. Europske integracije za posljedicu imaju razgradnju postojećih prostornih referentnih okvira (deteritorijalizaciju), ali istovremeno i reteritorijalizaciju, odnosno stvaranje novih prostornih odnosa i referentnih okvira. Širenjem Europske unije šire se i pogranično-carinski mehanizmi koji iznova naglašavaju ulogu kontrole teritorija i važnost prostornog razgraničenja. Dinamičnu ulogu i značaj teritorija u politici možemo zorno pratiti na slučaju Hrvatske. Ratno iskustvo stvaranja suvremene hrvatske države duboko je obilježeno ključnom ulogom teritorija i teritorijalnosti u politici. Pristupanjem Hrvatske Europskoj uniji dolazi do rušenja granica prema drugim zemljama članicama, no istovremeno dolazi do uspostave novih razgraničenja prema postjugoslavenskom susjedstvu. Tri slučaja, tj. granični prijepori Hrvatske sa Srbijom, Bosnom i Hercegovinom te Crnom Gorom pokazuju višestrukost značenja teritorija u politici te nemogućnost odvajanja političkog od teritorijalnog., The European Union, a unique postmodern political system, redefines statehood, sovereignty and territoriality and thus changes the traditional significance of territory and state borders. European integration causes the dismantling of existing spatial referential frames (deterritorialization), yet simultaneously fosters reterritorialization, i.e. the creation of new spatial relations and referential frames. European Union enlargement includes expansion of border and customs mechanisms which yet again emphasizes the role of territorial control and the importance of spatial boundary-drawing. The dynamic role and significance of territory in politics can be especially seen in the Croatian case. The war experience in recent Croatian history is linked with the imagining of territory and territoriality in politics. The accession of Croatia into EU is the first step towards de facto dismantling of borders towards other members-states within the Schengen system, yet at the same time it creates new dimensions to the boundaries towards the post-Yugoslav neighborhood. The three cases, i.e. borders disputes of Croatia with Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro illustrate the multi-facetted meaning of territory in politics and the inability to separate the political from the territorial.
- Published
- 2013
184. The change in the drug scene of the Czech Republic after it adopted the Schengen Agreement
- Author
-
MIKEŠOVÁ, Kristýna
- Subjects
Česká republika ,trestná činnost ,Schengen area ,droga ,drug ,foreigners ,criminal activities ,The Czech Republic ,cizinci ,Schengenský prostor - Abstract
The Bachelor´s thesis named "The change of the drug scene in the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area" is a theoretical work regarding the drug criminal acitvities. The first part is dedicated to clarification of terms, structuring the criminal activities connected with drugs, national minorities in the Czech Republic which are involved in this criminal activities and transport ways for drug smuggling. Then there follow the sub-chapters about the represive authorities of the Czech Republic, European Union and in more details about the Schengen area. The last topic of the first chapter is concentrated on important organizations acting in the fight against drugs. The aim of this thesis was to bring this isme closer to readers in the most easy way, that is why the neccessary quotation from the law is done from secondary literature quite often, and that is easier for understanding. The aim of this thesis is to find out how much the drug scene have changed in the Czech Republic during the four years of membership in the Schengen Agreement. The analysis was done for 8 years, that is for four years before the enter and for four years after the enter into the Schengen area. I concentrated on finding out which kinds of drugs are now appearing at the black market of the Czech Republic, which national minorities are involved the most into the drug criminal activities in the territory of the Czech Republic and on how much the number of arrested foreigners rose in connection with drug criminal activities in comparison with the previous four years period. The analysis was done on the basis of the annual reports of the National Anti-drug Unit of the Czech Police. These annual reports contain also the results of the Customs Administration, Customs Drug Enforcement Unit, and thanks to this fact the analysed sample is relevant. Thanks to the analysis there was found an extrem growth of the number of foreign offenders - their number doubled in comparison with the period before entering the Schengen area. The biggest number of arrested foreign offenders are of Vietnamese and Slovakian nationality. The most surprising result was the growth of number of arrested offenders of Nigerian nationality. Also in the field of seized drugs there has been a change. While in the case of extasy the seized amount rapidly lowered, the cannabis and metamphetamine (pervitin in Czech) rapidly rose. The other analysed drugs are keeping the same place on the territory of the Czech Republic and the difference of individual years in the seized amount is not high. The issue of drug criminal activities commited by foreigners is more and more live and current topic. The issue of the drug kriminality commited by the foreigners is more and more achal topis and the entrance into the Schengen area has a big influence on increasing amonut of foreigners in the Czech Republic. Apart from that another important feature is in the growth of number of foreigners in the Czech Republic also the asylum politics of the state. It is possible to use this thesis as the source of information for broad lay public or for the purpose of education and training.
- Published
- 2013
185. The Czech foreign police and immigration: an interview with the director of Czech Foreigners Police Department Colonel Vladislav Husak
- Author
-
Sedlak, Lubomir
- Subjects
Illegal immigrants -- Interviews ,Police ,Political science - Abstract
Some time ago, the Czech press published a report which estimated that the number of people staying in the Czech Republic without a permission is approximately the same as those [...]
- Published
- 2009
186. Changes in visa policy CR after the accession into the Schengen area
- Author
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Bubnová, Kristýna, Šlosarčík, Ivo, and Handl, Vladimír
- Subjects
Schengen ,Czech Republic ,Schengen Area ,visa policy ,Česká republika ,Schengen Acguis ,Schengenský prostor ,Schengenská acguis,vízová politika - Abstract
The aim of the thesis entitled Changes in the visa policy of the Czech Republic after accession into the Schengen Area' is the outline and summary of changes that occurred in the area of visa policy of the Czech Republic after accession to the Schengen Area. You will also learn how these changes affected the citizens from other countries, who travel to the Czech Republic for a visa or visa waiver, and to what extent the adoption of the Schengen acquis affected their stay on the Czech territory. The thesis focuses primarily on short visits. Rules for long stays remained the responsibility of particular states and thus are not harmonized within the European Union. It should be noted that the adoption of the Schengen acguis for holders of long-term visas and residence permits holders modified the travel opportunities in the Schengen Area. The introduction of the thesis presents the rules of common visa policy that the states within the Schengen Area apply. Subsequently, the thesis deals with the implementation of the Schengen standards into the visa policy of the Czech Republic and how the adoption influenced the issuing of visas. In conclusion, the impact of the accession to the Schengen Area on specific cases is presented through case studies. Ukraine is listed as a country with a visa requirement,...
- Published
- 2012
187. International Dimension of Immigration Policy
- Author
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Novotná, Markéta, Veselý, Zdeněk, Eichler, Jan, Vlček, Dalibor, and Drbohlav, Dušan
- Subjects
Stephen Krasner ,Evropská unie ,external borders ,state sovereignty ,asylum policy ,azylová politika ,immigration policy ,Schengen area ,státní suverenita ,internal borders ,imigrační politika ,vnitřní hranice ,vnější hranice ,schengenský prostor ,European Union - Abstract
The relation between the immigration policies and state sovereignty in the European Union (EU) is both a most topical and controversial issue. The dissertation is conceived as a disciplinary interpretative study based on the concept of four types of sovereignty by S. Krasner. This approach allows to interpret the seeming contradiction between a state perceived as a sole actor in the area of immigration policy and the communitarization of the immigration policy at the EU level. By using the analysis of discourse as well as of practice, this thesis acknowledges shifts of power to the EU, but stresses that these shifts represent strengthening of other factors of power and control at the same time. Thus, in certain, particularly security, aspects, European harmonization of immigration policy can reinforce state sovereignty. It applies to the external as well as internal dimensions of the EU immigration policy that a part of the policy remains to be decided at the national level. Nevertheless, also the communitarized area offers the member states a significant room for discretion. Thus, there is still considerable tension between the idea of solidarity between member states on one hand and their national interests on the other and the common European immigration policy remains to be achieved in future.
- Published
- 2012
188. Anaylisis of the entrance of the Czech Republic to the Schengen area
- Author
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Kohlmann, Daniel, Tunkrová, Věra, and Procházková Ilinitchi, Cristina
- Subjects
Schengen area ,migrace ,vstup ČR ,migration ,schengenský prostor ,entrance of the Czech republic - Abstract
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse the process of the Czech republic's entrance to the Schengen area. In the beginning of the thesis is described the content of Schengen agreements and their inclusion in the creation of a single market. Second part is dedicated to preparations and measures, which the Czech Republic had to take and accept on the way to Schengen. The effects resulting for the Czech Republic from participation in Schengen area are evaluated in the last part.
- Published
- 2012
189. Social issue of illegal employment of foreigners in the Czech Republic
- Author
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SKOKOVÁ, Eva
- Subjects
Illegal employment ,Povolení k zaměstnání ,Vízum ,Schengen Area ,Migrace ,Work permit ,Foreigner ,The Customs Office ,Visa ,Migration ,Nelegální zaměstnávání ,Cizinec ,Schengenský prostor ,Celní úřad - Abstract
Foreigners and their employers violate the legislation in the Czech Republic in connection with illegal stay and illegal employment. The objective of this thesis is to analyze how this violation occurs. The theoretical part of the thesis analysed, through the method of a secondary data analysis, the laws and documents relating to the issue of foreigners? stay and employment. The research part of this thesis is focused on employment checks carried out by labour offices, the Alien Police and the customs administration in 2009. Processing this thesis part involved the method of data analysis and the method of questioning when the data from the staff of these institutions was acquired through the technique of structured interviews. After evaluating the research results, the hypothesis of the thesis was confirmed; the hypothesis stated that the number of illegally employed foreigners has increased after the Czech Republic joined the Schengen area countries. This thesis may serve as a learning aid for customs officers who will be entrusted with checks of foreigners? employment. For this reason, the research part of the thesis detailed checks of foreigners? employment as carried out by customs authorities.
- Published
- 2011
190. Vliv vstupu do Schengenského prostoru na ekonomiku České republiky
- Author
-
Tabáková, Veronika, Klosová, Anna, and Gullová, Soňa
- Subjects
trestná činnost ,Schengen area ,migrace ,crime ,migration ,Schengenský prostor - Abstract
The aim of this work is to determine whether an entry into the Schengen area changes in the areas of immigration and crime in the country. The work describes the process of accession to the Schengen area, analyzes the impact of entry on crime and immigration workers, not least in analyzing the impact of these factors on economic development and provides solutions to the CR. The thesis compares the situation before, commenting on what caused the movement of these indicators and outlines their development. Comparing statistical work completely refutes the belief that the mere release of the border for the movement of these factors, either upwards or downwards.
- Published
- 2011
191. Specifics of Great Britain and Ireland in relation to the Schengen Area
- Author
-
Dostalíková, Sandra, Druláková, Radka, and Sršeň, Radim
- Subjects
Schengen Area ,Evropská unie ,Great Britain ,Velká Británie ,Ireland ,Schengenský prostor ,European Union ,Irsko - Abstract
Great Britain and Ireland enjoy in relation to the Schengen Area special treatment. The aim of this work is to analyze their specific position and estimate its tenability. Bachelor thesis presents different reasons which led the states to their attitude to the Schengen and which have formed the base of their averse attitude till now. Knowledge from European legistature is used to outline current legal framework of both states's exemptions and followed by the evaluation of the consequent positives and negatives. I suggest also prognoses of the further development in Schengen cooperation in relation the European Union as a unit and recommodations for its tenability.
- Published
- 2011
192. Vingt ans d’expérience migratoire en Roumanie postcommuniste
- Author
-
Vasilcu, Despina, Séchet, Raymonde, Centre de recherches en géographie appliquée, Université 'Stefan cel Mare' de Suceava, Université Stefan cel Mare de Suceava, Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
- Subjects
Espace Schengen ,Romania ,Migrations internationales ,Libre circulation des travailleurs ,International Migration ,Schengen Area ,Free Movement of Workers ,European Union ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Union européenne ,Roumanie - Abstract
International audience; International migrations during the two decades following the fall of Ceausescu's regime saw evolutions in their legal context, their forms, their destinations and motivations. Political changes of the year 1989, the hardening of European migratory policies in the 90's, the partial opening of the Schengen area to Romanians in 2002, the entry of Romania in the European Union in 2007 have defined the different stages of these migrations. The text highlights the main outlines of these migrations before making the assessment about their consequences for Romania and its people; Les dynamiques migratoires durant les deux décennies postérieures à la chute du régime Ceausescu ont été variées dans leur contexte réglementaire, leurs formes, leurs destinations, leurs motivations. Le changement de régime en 1989, le durcissement des politiques migratoires européennes, l'ouverture partielle de l'espace Schengen aux Roumains en 2002, l'entrée de la Roumanie dans l'Union européenne rythment les étapes de ces migrations dont nous retraçons les grandes lignes avant d'esquisser un bilan pour la Roumanie et ses habitants.
- Published
- 2011
193. Illegal Migration and the Czech Republic after 1989 from the Police Forces Point of View
- Author
-
MAN, Tomáš
- Subjects
Česká republika ,Czech Republic ,Schengen Area ,Evropská unie ,Integration of Immigrants ,integrace přistěhovalců ,národní bezpečnost ,nelegální migrace ,Illegal Migration ,European Union ,Schengenský prostor ,National Security - Abstract
In this disertation I deal with the problem of illegal migration in our country after the year 1989 from the Police forces point of view. I try to compare streams of migration from the historical aspect {--} which is represented by beginning or fall of iron curtain and evaluace the situation after the entry to the European Union. Next I want to analyze the phenomenon of illegal migration in the frame of graduate spreading of the Schengen Area a I try to resume stats of the illegal migration from The Czech Statistical Office and Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic. That is way I want to refer to that illegal migrants we can allure to the final state by legal way when we use unitary and synoptical imigration laws and cooperation with the third countries.
- Published
- 2010
194. Imigracijos poveikis nacionaliniam saugumui Šengeno erdvėje: Lietuvos atvejis
- Author
-
Galvanauskaitė, Edita, Budrytė - Kvietkauskienė, Rimantė, Venclauskas, Linas, and Vytautas Magnus University
- Subjects
Nacionalinis saugumas ,Šengeno erdvė ,Lietuva ,Political Sciences ,National security ,Immigration ,Lithuania ,Imigracija ,Schengen area - Abstract
Tyrimo problema: iki šiol Lietuvoje laikomasi nuomonės, kad migracija nacionaliniam saugumui grėsmės nekelia, nes imigracija į šalį yra nedidelė ir valstybė nėra potencialiu teroristinių išpuolių taikiniu. Viena vertus, būdama skurdesnė už Vakarų Europos valstybes, Lietuva išties vis dar nėra imigracijos traukos objektu. Tačiau nuo 2007 metų gruodžio 21 d. padėtis pradėjo keistis – dabar Lietuva yra viena iš Šengeno erdvės šalių, kuriose yra panaikinta vidaus sienų kontrolė ir saugomos tiktai išorinės sienos. Tai reiškia, kad turėdama dešimtadalį Šengeno erdvės sausumos sienos, Lietuva nelegaliems migrantams ir žmonių kontrabandininkams tampa patrauklia tranzito šalimi į Vakarų valstybes, ir todėl šalis neišvengiamai susidurs su didesnėmis migracijos keliamomis grėsmėmis saugumui. Antra vertus, klaidinga manyti, kad pagrindinės migracijos keliamos grėsmės saugumui yra susijusios su terorizmu ar socialiniais neramumais. Tai tik pora iš daugelio migracijos keliamų grėsmių saugumui. Todėl dabar yra tinkamas laikas nagrinėti, kokį poveikį migracija turi Lietuvos nacionaliniam saugumui Šengeno erdvėje. Darbo objektu yra imigracijos daromas poveikis nacionaliniam saugumui. Šio darbo tikslas yra aprašius migracijos ir saugumo sąvokų raidą, išskyrus jų tarpusavio ryšį ir įvertinus iš šio ryšio kylančias grėsmes bei išanalizavus Šengeno erdvę, kaip Europos Sąjungos priemonę tinkamai užtikrinti piliečių judėjimo laisvę ir saugumą, nustatyti, kokią įtaką buvimas išorine Šengeno erdvės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] Problem of the study: According to public opinion, migration is not a threat to national security in Lithuania mainly because of to reasons. Firstly, Lithuania does not suffer from immigration flows. Secondly, as threat to national security, immigration is seen only in direct connection with terrorism. On one hand, being poorer than the Western European countries, Lithuania has not been one of the migration target countries. But from 2007 on 21 December situation has changed - now Lithuania is one of the Schengen Area States, where control on internal borders is completely removed and safety of the area is guaranteed by control of external borders. This means, that with a tenth of the Schengen Area external land border, Lithuania is becoming an attractive transit country to Western countries for illegal migrants. Therefore, it will inevitably face with greater immigration threats to security. On the other hand, terrorism is only one of the many immigration threats to security. Because of all this, now is the best time to examine the immigration’s impact to national security of Lithuanian in the Schengen area. The subject of this study is immigration’s impact on national security. The aim of this study is by describing development of the migration and security concepts, finding migration-security nexus and assessing threats arising from this nexus to national security, together with analysis of the Schengen area, as a tool to ensure free movement of citizens and security the... [to full text]
- Published
- 2009
195. D’un rideau de fer à l’autre : Schengen et la discrimination dans l’accès à la mobilité migratoire
- Author
-
Serge Weber, Weber, Serge, Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analyse Comparée des Pouvoirs (ACP), and Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)
- Subjects
[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,02 engineering and technology ,borders ,Migration internationale ,frontières ,frontière ,international mobility ,10. No inequality ,mobilités internationales ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Schengen area ,politique migratoire ,Global and Planetary Change ,05 social sciences ,espace Schengen ,migration policies ,politiques migratoires ,021107 urban & regional planning ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,16. Peace & justice ,Schengen ,Urban Studies ,Europe ,8. Economic growth ,050703 geography - Abstract
L’harmonisation des politiques migratoires européennes répond de façon contradictoire aux mobilités internationales. Au nom de la libre circulation à l’intérieur de l’espace Schengen, l’amplification et la sophistication du contrôle sur la mobilité de certaines catégories de personnes aboutit à entraver leurs mouvements, à légitimer leur privation temporaire de liberté et à délocaliser en amont les outils de dissuasion au départ. Cette restriction vise à sélectionner les migrants originaires de pays tiers, répondant à une vision utilitariste des migrations jouant sur la peur d’une menace plutôt que sur les retombées positives de la liberté de circulation. De ce fait, le contrôle des mobilités envahit les relations entre l’UE et les pays tiers au point de conditionner la mise en œuvre de partenariats. The harmonisation of European migration policies treats international mobility issues in a paradoxical way. Although the EU defends the freedom of movement in the Schengen area, it continues controlling the mobility of specific population categories in more and more sophisticated ways, managing to hinder their moves. It also legitimates detention procedures and the externalisation of control policies in departure or transit countries. Such a restrictive policy aims to select strictly migrants coming from third countries. The fear of migration prevails rather than the positive impacts resulting from the freedom of movement. Migration control issues become consequently pervasive in international relationships and partnership programmes with third countries.
- Published
- 2009
196. Enlargement-related Diversity in EU Justice and Home Affairs: Challenges, Dimensions and Management Instruments
- Author
-
Monar, J.
- Subjects
overheidsbeleid ,political science ,european union ,europese unie ,Acquis communautaire ,Area of freedom ,security and justice ,Member state of the European Union ,Organized crime ,Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters ,Schengen acquis ,Schengen Area ,Tampere ,bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government - Abstract
Political Science; European Union, De serie 'Werkdocumenten' omvat stukken die in het kader van de werkzaamheden van de WRR tot stand zijn gekomen en die op aanvraag door de raad beschikbaar worden gesteld. De verantwoordelijkheid voor de inhoud en de ingenomen standpunten berust bij de auteurs.
- Published
- 2000
197. Job market in the EU countries and employment opportunities for the Czech republic citizens
- Author
-
POUZAROVÁ, Martina
- Subjects
job market ,Schengenský systém ,unemployment ,zaměstnanost ,trh práce ,Evropská unie ,Europien union ,Schengen area ,nezaměstnanost ,Employment - Abstract
Beginning May 1st 2004 the Czech republic became a part of the EU that brought large opportunities to the Czech republic citizens for job seeking abroad. Personally, I have a three-year job experience in Great Britain and would recommend this to anyone who is not afraid to travel outside their country and to get to know different cultures of other EU countries. The aim of this theses {\clqq}Job market in the EU countries and employment opportunities for the Czech republic citizens`` is to find out what destination countries are the most common choice and if CZ citizens are interested in searching for a job in EU at all. I put together a simple questionnaire and handed it out to 50 students and 50 employed CZ citizens. The Effort was to find out the development of employment in EU. The questionnaire inquiries find out the positions of students and employees in foreign countries.
- Published
- 2008
198. Extraordinary event as an illegal migration within state border sector of The South Bohemia Region
- Author
-
TOŠNER, Ladislav
- Subjects
Schengen area ,státní hranice ,nelegální migrace ,illegal migration ,Schengenský prostor ,state border - Abstract
My work is based on study of theoretic supporting dokuments and alalysis statistical datas of Czech Republic Police. There is an evaluation of finding datas about illegal migration in South Bohemia Region on section of state border between Czech Republic and Austria within last five years. Next task of my work is to describe how Czech Republic is ready for accession to the Schengen area and because of that for abolition of checks of internal border. The next substance of my work are informations about organizational structure of Department of Foreigner and Border Police and its aktivity. Then informations about state border and the Schengen Agreement.
- Published
- 2007
199. Dopad Smlouvy o přistoupení ČR k EU v oblasti volného pohybu osob na ČR
- Author
-
Zahrádka, Jaromír, Bašek, Michal, Zahrádka, Jaromír, and Bašek, Michal
- Abstract
Bakalářská práce je zaměřena na změny ve volném pohybu osob vyvolané vstupem České republiky do Evropské unie. Je zde popsán vstup České republiky do Evropské unie a dohodnuté podmínky pro volný pohyb pracovníků. Dalším tématem je začleňování České republiky do Schengenského prostoru a odstranění hraničních kontrol. Hlavním tématem je zjištění a vyhodnocení dat změn počtů imigrantů do ČR a emigrantů z ČR., This bachelor work is oriented on changes in free movement of people induced by entry of Czech Republic to European Union. There is written about entry of Czech Republic to European Union and contracted specifications of free movement of workers. Another topic is about integrating of Czech Republic to Schengen area and removing of border controls. Main topics focus on to find and interpret data about changes in number of immigrants to Czech Republic and emigrants out of Czech Republic., Ústav matematiky, Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou
- Published
- 2010
200. Evropské správní právo a jeho vazby na ČR
- Author
-
Krupař, Milan, Křičenská, Lenka, Krupař, Milan, and Křičenská, Lenka
- Abstract
Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou evropského správního práva a jeho vazbami na Českou republiku. Práce má objasnit základy správního práva na evropské úrovni a také na úrovni České republiky. Cílem této práce je analýza správního práva v České republice a objasnění základních principů aplikace evropského práva v členských státech Evropské unie., This diploma work deals with the European administrative law and its lines to the Czech Republic. This work clears up the principles of administrative law at the European level and also at the level of the Czech Republic. The aim of this work is the analysis of administrative law in the Czech Republic and the clarification of the fundamental principles of European law in European Union member states., Ústav veřejné správy a práva, Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou
- Published
- 2009
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