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The topic of international branch campuses saturates the literature; however, little attention has been paid to the university strategic planning process for institutions setting up programs abroad. Many US universities have considered opening a branch campus in order to meet the demand of globalization and break into new student markets. Currently, the US leads efforts in establishing its brand of higher education in countries like the United Arab Emirates, Singapore, China, and Qatar. This paper considers the challenges of establishing a branch campus based on the literature surrounding American branch campuses' successes and failures and develops a conceptual model for planning, implementation, and monitoring for those universities considering exporting their brand and academic programs abroad.

This study describes a strategic planning process used for developing an educational leadership program that prepares principals for leading 21st century schools. The plan is based on recommendations received from the External reviewers representing Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, the Texas Education Agency, survey responses received from former students currently serving in school leadership positions, and focus group forums. Recommendations received were used to develop a strategic plan that resulted in a more rigorous and accessible, field-based program to better prepare school leaders.

Competing Interests: L-GB has received honoraria from Gilead, ViiV, and Merck. RW declares no competing interests.

Bina Insani University is one of the leading private universities in Indonesia. The development of Bina Insani University's business project on the Cikarang campus requires a large investment, both in terms of financial and human resources. Therefore, careful strategic planning is needed to ensure the success of the business development. The purpose of this study is to examine the strategic planning and human capital plan in the business development project of Bina Insani University on the Cikarang campus. This research uses qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques in this study used literature studies and observation. The data that has been collected is then analyzed thematically. The results showed that the strategic planning and human capital plan in Bina Insani University's business development project at the Cikarang campus had been carried out carefully. Strategic planning is done by establishing the long-term, input stage, the matching stage, the decision stage, the business level, and the lean business canvas model. The human capital plan is done with the stages of goals and objectives, corporate culture and values, organizational structure, human capital planning, and Human Resources Cost Projections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Due to its large population, lack of green spaces, inappropriate urban structure, and traffic congestion, Tehran is considered one of the most polluted cities in the world. Air pollution in Tehran is one of the basic health and environmental challenges that can have serious consequences for the health of citizens and their social costs. In the meantime, city buses, as one of the main means of public transportation, play an important role in the movement of passengers, but at the same time, due to fossil fuels and old technologies, they are responsible for a major contribution to the emission of pollutants. This release of pollution in turn leads to negative consequences and high costs for society. Therefore, in the present study, while determining the value of environmental damage caused by the emission of pollutants in the terminals of inner-city buses in Tehran in 2020 based on the information obtained from the transportation and urban traffic organization of Tehran municipality, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of inner-city buses in the emission of environmental pollutants with the use of the SWOT model have been discussed.Materials and Methods: The current research is based on an analytical-descriptive approach using field research and library studies. Based on this, the evaluation of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the system and the presentation of pollution reduction solutions have been carried out in the form of strategic SWOT analysis. For this purpose, the required information has been collected by interviewing and completing 60 questionnaires by experts, experts and drivers of six main systems in Tehran Bus Company. Validity of questionnaires was confirmed by 10 experts and its reliability was approved by Cronbach alpha (α=0.93).Results: According to the results, the social cost of pollution during an annual period caused by the consumption of diesel fuel is estimated at 829.43 billion rials, which is imposed on the environment every day. The mentioned figure is based on the shadow price equivalent of CO2 pollutant and based on the price of 2020. Also, the results showed that the most important weaknesses of public transport pollution in the metropolis of Tehran are the adverse effects of high traffic congestion during peak hours on the performance of public and private transport systems, as well as the high use of private cars, especially single-passenger cars. Carrying out intra-city trips is reserved. In addition, according to the results, the most important threats include the multi-nuclear structure of Tehran metropolis and the large size of the urban area, the geographical location of Tehran and climate changes caused by fine dust. It should be mentioned the final scores obtained from the analysis of the internal factor matrix (IFE) and external matrix (EFE) were calculated as 2.75 and 2.59, respectively.Discussion: Based on this, the situation of the desired solutions to reduce pollution is in an aggressive position, based on which it is necessary to get the maximum benefit from the existing capabilities and potentials and the combination of strengths and upcoming opportunities. According to the results of the construction and rapid development of metro lines, the multiplicity of highway networks in the city, and the priority of urban management to build and expand BRT lines in different areas of the city, the most important strengths and also the potential of producing parts related to the bus fleet for its development inside the country The high impact of the media in changing the citizens' traffic perspective and the possibility of more technical monitoring for more efficient use of fuel and reducing its consumption are the most important opportunities in reducing pollution by the public fleet.

This study investigates the systematic, structural, procedural and reputational differences associated with the use of budgeting for strategic planning across public sector institutions in Canada. Data obtained from a survey of 38 universities across Canada along with publicly available hand-collected data supports a heterogenous mix of budgeting practices across higher education. Our results show institutions rely on budgeting for multiple reasons including control, strategic planning, communication, and regulatory compliance. The findings indicate the adoption of performance management by some institutions, but not others based on systematic differences including budget model, institutional size, decentralization and reputation. The results support a contingency perspective of organizational practices in higher education.

This article expands upon research into task planning effects by looking at how the addition of planning prior to group discussions may positively and negatively influence performance. 24 Japanese university students performed three weekly discussions in groups of four. Prior to each discussion, they undertook either no planning, strategic planning or an oral rehearsal with a partner outside of their group. Discussion were recorded and transcribed, and performance assessed using 14 measures related to participation, complexity, accuracy, fluency and discourse complexity. One-way repeated measures ANOVA results showed significant statistical effects on performance by both types of planning, especially with students who spoke less often than others within discussions. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons showed that rehearsal significantly improved participation (words spoken) and fluency (speech rates and pauses), while strategic planning reduced pauses and enabled students to give more reasons within speaking turns. However, strategic planning also resulted in students referring to the turns of others less often during discussions. These findings show that the addition of planning for group discussions can have a positive impact on participation and fluency, but that strategic planning may negatively affect how often students will directly address the turns of others.

Purpose: Executives who are engaged in strategic planning for higher education generally complain about the process and the lack of clear outcomes from the strategic plan. They generally argue that the process is complex and sometimes confusing and the end result does not justify the time spent in preparing the plan. The extant literature on strategic planning in higher educational institutions (HEIs) is replete with these types of complaints. The work undertaken in this paper provides a solution to this problem. This paper proposes a simplified and efficient strategic planning model which executives can use to facilitate strategic planning in HEIs. This model takes into consideration, all the elements of previous models and synthesize them into a manageable, simplified framework that can be adapted to meet the planning needs of senior executives in any HEI. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses the action research framework to ground the solution to the problem identified. The action research framework is a sound research method that assists in resolving some of the practical problems executives in HEIs encounter as they move towards strategic planning. The researcher and a client in the higher educational sector, the UWI, engaged in collaborative problem-solving to develop a strategic plan for the client. To derive the solution, the researcher drew on the experience of the strategic planning process at the University of the West Indies (UWI) and also a number of selected universities in North American, Europe, Asia and Africa. The researcher then synthesized the outcomes from the deliberations and consultations with the client, the UWI and drew on theoretical knowledge in strategic management to derive the simplified model for strategic planning in higher education. Findings: The research presented in this paper found that the existing strategic planning models used in higher education are generally complex, mostly designed specifically for an individual institution and lacks clarity regarding the implementation process. To overcome these problems for strategic planners in higher education, this paper proposes a simplified model that can be adapted by any HEI to assist with their strategic planning process. The Brainstorming- Visioning Action Results (B-VAR), the solution to the problem, presents the various elements of the strategic planning process that will need to be in place in order to develop a workable strategic plan and one that is implementable and will deliver tangible results for the HEI. Originality/value: Besides adding to our knowledge in strategic management and specifically, strategic management in higher education, the greatest value from this paper is the solution it presents to solve the long-standing problem of having complex and ineffective planning models to lead strategic plan development in HEIs. The added value is that the model is integrative as it draws on elements of previous planning models but simplified them for their adaptation to any HEI.

Intra-company and strategic planning consider the organization from different sides, combining the results obtained to compile a comprehensive strategy based on planned indicators, based on the capabilities of the enterprise and the assessment of external competitive advantages. In addition, intra-company and strategic planning helps industrial enterprises to make rational decisions and control risks in a volatile business environment. At the output, the company receives a single plan with priority areas of business development. The purpose of the work is to analyze the use of intra-company and strategic planning tools at industrial enterprises. In the conducted research general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, generalization. Project and process management becomes a solution in the implementation of the investment block of the business strategy (a key tool). In PJSC “Quadra” it was proposed to introduce a projectprocess approach to management. The modified life cycle management system of the investment project (within the framework of the project-process approach) will avoid the following losses: in the form of RUB 250 thousand of the working time fund of the engineering staff of the branch. Rosatom State corporation considered a Scrum methodology, where social and economic effect from its application is 70% of successfully realized tasks, 20% – experience exchange between employees, 10% – training development.

The purpose of this article is to determine the association between decentralised strategic planning and capacity development as driving forces of leadership for improved performance in public high schools in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. This study used pragmatism as a research paradigm and followed a parallel convergent mixed methods research approach. The sample comprised 170 respondents consisting of 130 school governing body (SGB) members and 40 Department of Education (DoE) officials. Quantitative data were collected from SGB members through a survey while qualitative data were collected from participants using focus group discussions (FGDs) and individual interviews. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis while SPSS software was used to analyse quantitative data. In testing the hypothesis, it was proven that decentralised strategic planning capacity in SGBs was associated with the effectiveness of strategic planning in Mpumalanga’s high schools. The study revealed that the variables, capacity development and decentralised strategic planning, are well associated, and influence leadership for improved performance in high schools. The study also found that school leaders who can develop capacity are able to promote better performance in their schools. Meanwhile, the qualitative results concurrently supported the results of the quantitative study as the influence of capacity development on decentralised school planning proved to have improved school performance and effective decentralised school leadership.

The article deals with the development and implementation of a financial model of exports in the context of strategic planning of foreign economic activity of enterprises. The model described in this paper aims to measure, analyse, evaluate and propose improvements to administrative processes by identifying various variables involved in strategic foreign trade planning. This paper is a survey that is being developed for export activities in Ukraine. Exports in Ukraine were analysed to test the methodology and to build an additive model. The model empirically shows the links that exist between the internal functions of a company and its ability to generate performance management indicators and business dynamics as a way to improve processes in strategic foreign trade planning. Some relevant findings from the first two stages of the empirical research conducted to date are presented. Validation has proven that the use of the methodology of strategic planning of foreign economic activity allows you to compensate for investments in new resources by increasing the number of operations carried out eliminating delays and attracting new customers as a result of improving the client's perception of the quality of service. During the audit, it was possible to determine that the delays created in the activities of support systems increase their negative impact on the process, consuming the slack of many actions of the central system and delaying their implementation, negatively affecting foreign economic activity. The model will be useful for enterprises engaged in foreign trade.

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of educational strategic planning through the project of strengthening the Pancasila student program at SMPN 43 Bandung.The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques use observation and interviews while analysis techniques use interactive data analysis models which include the data collection stage, data reduction stage, data presentation, and conclusion drawing / verification, the results of the study show that the implementation of educational strategic planning through the Pancasila student profile strengthening project at SMPN 43 Bandung is carried out well and planned. This is evidenced by the steps taken by the Principal in organizing P5 activities. The principal carries out strategic planning with stages of activity, namely planning activities by establishing a P5 Committee of teachers. The core activity of the implementation is by providing material on the theme raised, namely Local Wisdom. And the closing activity by conducting digital-based group evaluations to increase the creative dimension and mutual assistance.

Service-learning is highly praised as a successful pedagogical tool for students' learning. Benefits are attributed to students, the university, and the community. However, the literature also cautions that the benefits of service-learning are largely assumed without empirical testing, warranting a closer review of this pedagogical method. The purpose of this research is to investigate how previously identified service-learning best practices affect the level of strategic impact for community partners. The study utilizes the rich and varied 20-year history of a strategic planning service-learning course at the University of Central Florida School of Public Administration to test these relationships, producing evidence to demonstrate that group team structure and the designation of a service-learning director do indeed improve partner outcomes while longer semesters and greater organizational capacity may not. Ultimately, the study endorses a programmatic approach to service-learning that transcends a particular assignment or course, requiring significant attention, investment, and evaluation to ensure positive community impact--especially in cases where broader university service-learning resources are lacking.

The purpose of this study is to assess how public higher education institutions are serving the public good at time when economic, social and environmental conditions are increasingly becoming more volatile. While by no means the only issues of concern, Zizek (2009) argues that impending ecological threats, the growing divide between the rich and the poor, the growing instances of social turmoil and political instability and the threats associated with technology are the most serious issues facing the world today. This paper employs a "gap method" to determine how higher education institutions are serving the public good. The gap method utilizes a researcher created conceptual framework to represent the more volatile factors which have the potential to impact any notion of the public (the four listed above). The framework is used to critically evaluate three strategic plans of higher education institutions in a state on the east coast of the United States.

Successful strategic planning is a different method that companies use to plan the future production of goods and materials in manufacturing plants. Nowadays, many companies actively strive to ensure that the production of their goods is the main focus. This research paper aimed at bringing focus on some successes in strategic management in the global automotive manufacturing industry between Europe and Asia. However, it faces a few challenges such as unevenness of regulation and standards, for example, different rules regarding the safety of products' parts. In addition, there are more issues related to the environment that accompany the higher level of production such as the release of dangerous gas compounds into the atmosphere resulting in pollutants like carbon monoxide gas and greenhouse gases. Moreover, import supply sources in unstable global political and economic circumstances pose another challenge due to uncertain diplomatic relations. In order to resolve these problems effectively, harmonization of regulations and standards should be integrated. In addition, a high level of environmental consciousness is necessary for Euro and Asian parties, including the development of an effective combustion system, and diplomatic matters. The methodology used in this study is a PESTEL analysis that includes political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal aspects that impact production and markets for Europe and Asia. A comparative survey for the European and Asia market reveals that Toyota is still the most popular choice among customers and at the same time on top of the list in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents theoretical, methodological and practical principles for creating a coherent system of strategic planning, taking into account European experience in organising this process. The characteristics of the Ukraine 2020 Sustainable Development Strategy and the rural development strategy are outlined. The methodology of strategic planning is examined, analysing the system and hierarchical construction of development strategies. A general logical sequence of procedures for developing and implementing development strategies at different levels is formulated. Approaches to strategic planning for rural development are also analysed, emphasising the importance of rural development in European Union Member States and outlining sources of agricultural funding. It is noted that in the current economic conditions European countries are shifting from subsidy strategies to grant strategies for specific agricultural development programmes. The situation of strategic planning in Ukraine is presented in comparison with the Polish system, highlighting its development stages and strategic planning principles. Special attention is given to the Polish experience in multifunctional rural development planning. The aim of the paper is to study the peculiarities of the use of strategic planning for rural development in Ukraine and Poland. The research is based on the analysis of statistical data, scientific literature and strategic documents, using dialectical methods for understanding the impact of economic laws, systematic approaches to studying economic phenomena, as well as monographic, abstract-logical and abstract methods. The research findings propose recommendations for further effective planning in Ukraine based on the Polish experience. Ukraine is in the early stages of strategic planning, and monitoring and evaluation of strategies are still of a recommendatory nature. Comprehensive evaluations have not yet been included in academic publications. In this context, it would be particularly important to incorporate insights and content guidelines from Polish strategic documents in order to better conceptualise and subsequently implement new strategy editions more effectively. The research led to the development of a comprehensive and logical sequence of procedures for preparing and implementing rural development strategies at different territorial levels. The paper emphasises the priority of rural development in EU Member States. The state of strategic planning in Ukraine is compared with Poland, taking into account both stages and principles. The paper highlights the Polish experience in multifunctional rural development planning, covering three planning perspectives: 2004-2005, 2007-2013 and 2014-2020.

In times of globalization, national economy reforming and intensification of integration processes the level of competitiveness of industrial enterprises is estimated by many factors, the key of them is innovation activity. Due to innovation the business entity has got an opportunity to strengthen its market positions, improve figures of economic efficiency and create big added value. At the same time results of innovation activity shall target at production and economic work of industrial enterprises and foster supply of new highly-technological goods and services to market, which can be provided by strategic planning. The efficiency of its implementation promotes successful introduction of innovation on market and obtaining sustainable competitive advantages. The author analyzed and studied challenges of strategic planning of innovation development and put forward methods of elaborating the system of strategic planning for diversification of highly-technological enterprises of Russian economy.

Strategic planning can be broadly defined as a process used by organizations to define strategy and provide direction regarding future decisions. Grounded in the organization's mission and vision, it is widely recognized as fundamental to an organization's success over time. A growing number of higher education institutions are incorporating strategic planning processes at the institution-wide level, or for individual schools or programs. While there are multiple models of strategic planning, many of which include a periodic review of the resulting goals and objectives, there are few, if any, assessments of the impact of the process itself. This study of one intentional model for strategic planning at State University indicates that the program has been successful not only in assisting departments and programs in developing mission and vision statements, organizational goals, and action plans, but also in disseminating organizational information, promoting participation, incorporating new members, and heightening awareness of strengths and opportunities for improvement.

Strategic planning in universities is frequently positioned as vital for clarifying future directions, providing a coherent basis for decision-making, establishing priorities, and improving organizational performance. Models for successful strategic planning abound and often present the process as linear and straightforward. In this essay, we examine our own experiences of strategic planning for a new educational development centre situated in a Faculty of a research intensive university. Drawing from the literature, we provide a brief history of strategic planning in university contexts and consider criticisms and benefits. We investigate complicated issues related to our own process and, throughout, we argue that in spite of established formulas for creating a strategic plan, the process is non-linear and messy. We end this paper with recommendations for educational developer colleagues.

Kazakhstan has a great tourist potential, but it is still partly fulfilled. That is why very important to find the weakness in the state's policy and to develop this industry in the best way. The aim of the research is to formulate a hypothesis with regard to the possible content of measures to improve the strategic planning and marketing methodology in relation to the specific nature of entities within Kazakhstan inbound tourism industry, recreational potential of Kazakhstan and objectives of its development set forth by the Government of Kazakhstan. As the main method of research were chosen the data collection and its further analysis. The primary data were collected by polling managers of the companies-members of Kazakhstan inbound tourism industry, who had previously participated in the development of strategies and/or in the strategic management process. The characteristic features have been analyzed and the reasons for the systemic imperfection of analytical procurement, related to strategic planning processes in marketing, have been identified. The article represents the results of the poll among the managers of companies involved in Kazakhstan's inbound tourism industry which was conducted by the authors. It is suggested that the use of multi-agent technologies as a new conceptual approach to solving the problems of analytical procurement concerning marketing strategy should be employed.

In this study I investigated the involvement of top management and teachers in the strategic planning process in 5 district schools located in the Bulawayo Metropolitan Province guided by the Take Stock Analysis (TSA) model. The constructivist/interpretivist paradigm was the qualitative methodology adopted for the study using a case study research method. The participants were 5 education managers and 5 focus groups of 4 teachers, each purposively selected from each school as an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon was sought through face-to-face interviews. Interview data were inductively and thematically analysed while strategic plans provided were inspected using content analysis and supplemented with interview data. The findings were reported following the concept of strategic planning, the formulation, monitoring and evaluation process. The results reveal that some schools used the centralised or decentralised strategic planning process while others hired strategists with minimal involvement from the teachers and the top management of the school. I recommend that stakeholders are actively involved in the entire strategic planning process to enhance ownership and commitment at the operational level. Most importantly, joint periodic evaluations are needed for modification purposes and relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colleges and universities are increasingly seeking innovations to enhance their strategic enrollment management (SEM) outcomes and processes (Bontrager 2008, Bontrager, Ingersoll and Ingersoll 2012). Linking SEM with systemic institutional strategic planning and assessment processes can enhance those outcomes and processes through integrated planning, funding prioritization, synergies in data analytics, and capacity building in key areas such as undergraduate and graduate admissions, marketing, student retention initiatives, and data-driven financial aid. This article describes a four-step process and specific strategies for linking SEM with systemic assessment and strategic planning processes that keep the planning process effective and collaborative while promoting an institution-wide culture of SEM.

This article classifies and assigns degrees of influence to the stakeholders involved in the implementation of strategic planning at a Brazilian higher education institution. In order to test the stakeholder influence theory, we carried out a case study of a Brazilian university based on qualitative methods. The models of Frooman ("Academy of Management Review," 24(2), 191-205, 1999) and Mitchell et al. ("Academy of Management Review," 22(4), 853-886, 1997) served as the theoretical basis for assessing the stakeholders' identification and management. Findings indicate that higher education institutions focus on the internal and external stakeholders that have the power to control them. In practice, this study provides insight into the stakeholder influences that have an effect on the implementation of strategic planning in a university. Based on the findings, university managers will be able to think more strategically about the institution's objectives, taking into account the degree of influence that stakeholders have on the institution's objectives.

Strategic planning refers to a deliberative approach to producing decisions to major challenges. Research-practice partnerships (RPP) are long-term collaborations between researchers and practitioners organized to investigate solutions in school districts. Authors make the argument that RPPs could be, and in many cases ought to be, explicitly developed/focused around assisting educational organizations in their strategic planning endeavors--in terms of the development of these plans, and/or in terms of their execution.

In this paper we match originally collected survey data from school board members in the state of Michigan with hard measures of school district outcomes to test two hypotheses regarding the relationship between strategic planning prioritization and organizational performance. We find that school board members who place a higher priority on strategic planning oversee school districts with comparably higher levels of academic performance. The findings demonstrate a correlation between board governance behaviors and organizational outcomes broadly, and between strategic planning prioritization and outcomes specifically. The results are of interest to practitioners and scholars of strategic planning and public sector governance.