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This research aims to examine whether analysts’ coverage could possibly serve as a monitoring mechanism that would help improve the credibility of narrative reporting namely, earnings press release, by reducing the presence of impression management practices. Furthermore, this research aims to examine whether investors can see through managers' strategic disclosure choices in earning press release and penalize firms for this opportunistic behavior. Impression management practices are to be captured using Huang et al.,(2014) measure of abnormal positive tone (ABTONE) from the residuals of a tone model that controls for firm quantitative fundamentals including financial performance, growth prospects, and firm operating risk and complexity. Consistent with the monitoring effect hypotheses, the results have shown that analysts' coverage has a significant negative impact on impression management as captured by the ABTONE measure. Besides, the results have shown that ABTONE has a significant positive impact on firms’ quarterly stock prices.

У статті розглянуто лінгвопрагматичні особливості англомовного прес-релізу. Визначено, що англомовний прес-реліз є складовою дискурсу паблик рилейшнз (PR-дискурсу), який націлений на формування позитивного іміджу компанії у свідомості цільової аудиторії. Прес-реліз є коротким повідомленням, метою якого є інформування адресата про будь-яку подію в житті компанії або установи та створення позитивного впливу на аудиторію. Способи впливу залежать від цільової аудиторії та комунікативної ситуації. В статье рассмотрены лингвопрагматические особенности англоязычного пресс-релиза. Определено, что англоязычный пресс-релиз является составляющей дискурса паблик рилейшнз( PR-дискурса), который нацелен на формирование позитивного имиджа компании в сознании целевой аудитории. Пресс-релиз является кратким сообщением, целью которого является информирование адресата о любом событии в жизни компании или учреждении и создание положительного влияния на аудиторию. Способы воздействия зависят от целевой аудитории и коммуникативной ситуации. The article considers the linguopragmatic peculiarities of the modern news release. It is determined that the modern news release in English is a component of the public relations discourse (PR-discourse), which is aimed at forming a positive image of the company, product or service in the minds of the target audience. The news release is a short message, the purpose of which is to inform an addressee about any event in the life of the company or institution and create a positive impact on the audience. Ways of influencing depend on the target audience and the communicative situation.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved aducanumab on June 7, 2021, using an accelerated approval mechanism, based on evidence that aducanumab reduced brain β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide.1 The FDA press release stated that the effect on the surrogate end point “is reasonably likely to predict a clinical benefit to patients…” at some point in the future. As clinical neurologists, we should understand the evidence for this approval and whether this justifies prescribing this medication.

Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD) Form 8-K filings provide a venue where managers release information to the market as a whole that they designate as being material. Using this setting, we study trading patterns immediately prior to the public disclosure of material information. We offer three main results. First, using both intra-day and daily trading data, we find abnormal trading volume of 21 percent (13 percent) in the hour (day) prior to the public disclosure, respectively. Second, we find that this pre-disclosure abnormal trading volume is concentrated in firms that are smaller, have more growth opportunities, issue fewer voluntary disclosures, and have weaker external monitoring. Finally, we find that this pre-disclosure volume is concentrated in subsamples in which the information relates to a firm’s material contracts, a firm holds investor/analyst conferences, and there is insider trading activity in a firm’s shares. Our results do not concentrate in a small number of firms or industries, and do not appear to be explained by the form through which managers first release the material information (e.g., Form 8-K, press release, website posting, or social media). Our results are also robust to controlling for the firm’s other filings and peer filings that occur around the disclosure. Overall, the trading patterns we document may show that, inconsistent with the spirit of Reg FD, a subset of investors trade on information managers deem material prior to its broad, public release.

Çalışmanın temel amacı Borsa İstanbul’da sürü davranışı olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Davranışsal finans teorilerini, Geleneksel finans teorilerinden ayıran en önemli noktalardan biri yatırımcıların rasyonel olmayan bilişsel özellikler sergilemesidir. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu 04.06.2020 tarihinde yaptığı basın açıklamasına göre gözetim ve denetim faaliyetleri neticesinde, Facebook, Twitter gibi sosyal medya mecraları ile Whatsapp, Telegram v.b. iletişim sistemlerinde oluşturulan üyelik bazlı gruplar üzerinden, aralarında SPK tarafından yetkilendirilmiş yatırım danışmanlığı ve benzeri sermaye piyasası faaliyeti izni olmayan kişi veya kişilerce, yatırımcıların yönlendirilerek mağdur edilmeye yönelik eylemlerin devam ettiği görülmektedir. Bu durum yatırımcıların çeşitli şartlar ve kurallar ile dayatılmış birtakım inançların, bir topluluk ya da grup tarafından yayılması şeklinde adlandırılan sürü davranışından etkilenip etkilenmediği hususun gerekliliğini ortaya çıkmıştır. Sermaye piyasalarında sürü davranışının varlığını tespit etmek için çalışmada 2000-2020/6 dönemleri ile Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören hisse senetleri ve piyasa göstergesi olarak BIST 100 endeksi kullanılmıştır. Sürü davranışı Christie ve Huang (1995) ve Chang, Cheng ve Khorana (2000) tarafından geliştirilen hisse senedi getirilerinin yatay kesit değişkenliğine dayalı yöntem kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ekstrem hareketlerin görüldüğü piyasalarda bir durumda bir başka deyişle alçalan ya da yükselen piyasalarda yatay kesit standart sapmayı azaltacağı hipotezi doğrulanamamakta ve kullanılan veri setinde ortaya koyulan yöntem ile sürü davranışına rastlanılmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Zoombombing, a trend in recent months, has quickly moved from online classroom pranks to organised disruption efforts, which the FBI has threatened to punish with jail time. “The FBI has received multiple reports of conferences being disrupted by pornographic and/or hate images and threatening language.” the agency stated in a recent press release. 1 Zoombombing has quickly moved from online prank to organised disruption effort, which the FBI has threatened to punish with jail time. As the use of Zoom has increased dramatically due to the Covid-19 pandemic, multiple security issues have emerged concerning the platform. The company is taking steps to bring the platform up to date with industry standards. But the issue clearly shows that certain companies focus more on the functionality they provide to their users than they do on the appropriate security, says Ion-Alexandru Secara.

Publicizing firms’ socially undesirable actions may enhance firms’ incentives to avoid such actions. In 2009, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) began issuing press releases about facilities that violated safety and health regulations. Using quasi-random variation arising from a cutoff rule OSHA followed, I find that publicizing a facility’s violations led other facilities to substantially improve their compliance and experience fewer occupational injuries. OSHA would need to conduct 210 additional inspections to achieve the same improvement in compliance as achieved with a single press release. Evidence suggests that employers improve compliance to avoid costly responses from workers. (JEL J28, J81, K32, L51, M54)

Introduction: The first case of COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China. "COVID- 19 has already spread worldwide with the total number of 2,241, 778 confirmed cases and 152, 551 deaths. There are 31 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nepal as of 19 April 2020." This article aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the context of Nepal and discuss prevention and control measures taken by the Government of Nepal (GoN). Methods: The epidemiological characteristics of 31 confirmed cases in Nepal were analyzed using data available from a daily press release and Nepal situation report published by the Ministry of Health and Population, GoN. The data were analyzed and presented using SPSS and Arc GIS. Results: Of these 31confirmed cases, 29 (93.5%) cases were imported into the country and 2 (6.5%) were suspected to be secondary cases originating in Nepal either through the family contact or community contact. Among the confirmed cases, 77.4% are males and four cases have already been recovered. The mean age of confirmed cases in Nepal is 36.7 years, with the age ranging from 19 years to 81 years with the highest number (13) reported from province 1.The highest number of cases (14) were reported on 17 April 2020. Conclusion: The distribution of confirmed cases varied with age, sex, and geographical location. The cases are high in males, in the age group of 20-29 years, and in Udayapur district of Province 1. Most of the confirmed cases in Nepal was reported among the individuals who have recently returned to Nepal from foreign countries with evidence of local transmission in the country linked with the imported cases. Different prevention and control strategies are being implemented at the provincial and national levels with the expansion of laboratory facilities for testing COVID-19.

Until the advent and spread of supermarkets, the markets that we now call farmers, public, open-air, or traditional markets needed no adjectives. They were simply markets. Currently, the bodies of research about traditional markets common in the Global South and about farmers markets resurging in the Global North tend to be separate. However, viewed through the lens of food regime frame­works, together these markets come more clearly into focus as globally local alternatives to a corpo­rate regime of supermarkets. As microcases within this macrosociological framework, this paper examines two urban markets—one traditional daily market in Suva, Fiji, and one seasonal Saturday farmers market in East New York, Brooklyn, in the United States. We analyze interviews and surveys with vendors and market-related documents. As we illustrate with brief case descriptions, other than both being urban, the individual markets and their contexts could hardly be more different. One market was formalized early in the colonial food regime, and the other was founded more recently as an alternative to the current neoliberal corporate regime. However, vendors in both reported that selling at the market generates income, autonomy, respect, and social connectedness for them. These commonalities suggest that examining lessons from such markets across communities globally, South or North, traditional or farmers, may offer new insights into how to sustain and expand such mar­kets even in the face of supermarket domination. In addition, doing so with a food regime lens may make that work more useful for informing how to support traditional and farmers market develop­ment in ways that help keep aspirations and needs of those who produce, distribute, and consume food at the heart of their work, as real alternatives to neoliberal frameworks. See the press release for this article.

Accelerated share repurchases (ASRs) have gained popularity in recent years. At the inception of an ASR, a firm receives most of the shares that would be repurchased at the current stock price. At ...

First paragraph: Our food system has been disrupted. Shopping at a grocery store during the COVID-19 pan­demic is not a pleasant experience, and, for some of the most vulnerable, it can be outright dangerous. It may become worse. How long will supply chain disruptions continue and what are upcoming challenges? From illness in the fields where agricultural workers pick our food and the closing of food processing facilities to the threat that trucking lanes may be shut down, the possibilities seem real right now. . . . See the press release for this article.

On a warm summer day at the end of August 2018, Ontario Premier Doug Ford’s office issued a press release announcing, “Ontario’s Government for the People is delivering on its promise to uphold free speech on every Ontario publicly-funded university and college campus.”1 An accompanying “Backgrounder” spelled out the details.2 Although this policy seems progressive on its face, it is actually anything but. That said, it may have the unintended but beneficial effect of bringing Ontario universities under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.3 More about that later. First, the problems. * Distinguished Visiting Scholar and Director, Centre for Free Expression. Faculty of Communications & Design, Ryerson University.1 Office of the Premier, News Release: “Ontario Protects Free Speech on Campuses: Mandates Universities and Colleges to Introduce Free Speech Policy by January 1, 2019” (30 August 2018), online: Government of Ontario [Office of the Premier, “Ontario Protects”].2 See Office of the Premier, Backgrounder “Upholding Free Speech on Ontario’s University and College Campuses” (30 August 2018), online: Government of Ontario [Office of the Premier, “Upholding Free Speech”].

The study aims to analyze the public relations work suitability of PT Medco E&P Malaka related to community empowerment and social responsibility on Education and Training of 40 Acehnese Children in PPSDM-Cepu. International Standard Ambulance given for Pidie Jaya and the support from Medco E&P Malaka in the event Sail Sabang 2018 conducted by the company and press-released by Serambi Indonesia online in 2018. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed in this study. The results showed that the point of view of journalists/media is dissimilar from the point of view of a company in writing a text. When media tend to publish articles based on a press release distributed by a company, then the company’s image and reputation will be affected and become positive.

Cooperative Extension programs across the United States are embracing food systems and local food as a new topic area. Previous studies indicate that successful local food programming requires cross-program collaboration. However, research in this area has underrepresented Extension educators from non-agricultural program areas, although understanding their perspectives is key to fostering cross-program collaboration. The case study pre­sented in this paper examines qualitative evaluation data from the pilot year of the NC State Extension Master Food Volunteer (EMFV) program, which provides training in food systems and local food to Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS) educators and their volunteers. Data from semistructured interviews with educators in the pilot program and from focus groups with their volunteers provide the opportunity to explore areas of intersection and divergence between local food and the FCS pro­gram area in order to determine how to best inte­grate FCS and local food. Findings suggest that integrating local food into FCS pro­gramming will require special attention to poten­tially controversial issues that require educators and volunteers to communicate with the public about scientific issues that also invoke personal values, such as pesticide use and genetic engineering. We also found that educators and volunteers felt that promoting local food was not always compatible with an FCS focus on healthy eating. Overall, this case study demon­strates the potential to engage FCS educators and volunteers in cross-program, community-based food system projects, and to provide public educa­tion in the growing field of food systems and local food. See the press release for this article.

As interest in local food systems as a community development tool increases, scholars and practi­tioners are looking for methods to count progress toward benchmarks. This paper reports on efforts to count local food consumption as part of a statewide strategic plan for food systems develop­ment in Vermont. It provides longitudinal data from three waves of counting (2011, 2014, and 2017), finding increases over time due to both increased consumption and improved counting methods. The paper reflects on successes and challenges over the study period, focusing on data availability, key assumptions, and limitations. It concludes with future directions of inquiry into measuring food relocalization efforts. See the press release for this article.

A number of farmers markets have begun to offer matching incentive programs as a way to increase access to fresh foods for low-income families and increase sales among vendors. However, research evaluating the implementation of these programs is limited. This study employed a qualitative approach, interviewing vendors (n=19) selling at four farmers markets in Maryland to understand the barriers and facilitators to implementing the Maryland Market Money program. Overall, ven­dors reported positive attitudes toward the incen­tive program. Interviewed vendors identified key facilitators such as ease of implementation and positive social and economic impact of the pro­gram for participants and themselves. Vendors also discussed barriers, which included a lack of under­standing among customers about how the program operated, poor program promotion, and lack of educational materials. Some vendors described negative experiences with customers and expressed stigmatizing views toward customers. Given that vendors are key stakeholders in program imple­mentation, as incentive programs continue to expand, it is important to take into account their views and concerns to create successful programs. See the press release for this article.

Together Yamamoto's Property of Opaqueness is the first iteration of three works in the series Opacity of Performance: set to open in Fall 2020 at the Portland Art Museum, it has been postponed due to the COVID-19 crisis that is currently reshaping our world The press release for the October 6, 2019 performance, organized by Nina Bozicnik (associate curator at the Henry Art Gallery) in collaboration with Velocity Dance Center, describes the work as such

The fairness of ethical decisions related to the allocation of medical resources within the COVID-19 pandemic The Serbian Resuscitation Council discussed, considered, and adopted based on the National Course Director leaders opinion consensus in the field of resuscitation medicine about the basic principles of resource allocations, related to the application of resuscitation procedures and care of patients during the pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic around the world has brought a lot of changes within all segments of life, we all are faced to everyday challenges, including ethics in medicine, which is a very sensitive area due to specifics that are unique and different in each country individually, with strong cultural, economic, religious, medical, legal, and other diversities. The challenges are enormous, given by the current lack of a specific therapy, by the limited resources available for diagnosis, intervention, and preventive measures. The pandemic also brought the need to create conditions for the application of "unusual" requirements, measures, and procedures of the healthcare system and medical care, which entails a certain reorganization of medical interventions and care systems, including mandatory personal protection measures, adherence to adequate social distance, and all hygienic procedures. General ethical principles, such as maximum benefit and equality of treatment, while giving priority to those with the most severe conditions, have created the need to create ethical recommendations related to the allocation of medical resources in the COVID-19 pandemic and Eziekel et al. published six principles related to the above in terms of maximizing benefits, giving an advantage to healthcare professionals, triage outside the framework of the "first arrival" basis, responding to findings, recognizing participation in research, and applying the same principles to COVID-19 and in non-COVID-19 patients. A fair allocation of these ethical values and principles requires adaptable ethical frameworks depending on the resources available and the organizational structure of the healthcare system.

In response to the BVerfG’s PSPP judgment, the CJEU issued an unprecedented press release in which it claimed that national courts must give full effect to EU law because this is the only way to ensure the equality of the Member States. While the press release does not contain the word “primacy,” the obligation to give full effect to EU law clearly implies primacy of EU law. This article provides a constructive and critical analysis of the press release’s “equality argument.” First, it demonstrates how the CJEU most likely borrowed it from a recent article by Federico Fabbrini, and how the argument is virtually identical to Kelsen’s defense of international law primacy. Second, it criticizes the equality argument for being inconsistent with the CJEU’s case law, and shows how it is either wrong or tautological. After suggesting three possible reasons why the press release nonetheless justifies primacy in this way, the article concludes by showing how the CJEU’s case law is better conceptualized from a Hamiltonian perspective in which full effect is a goal rather than a means.

Sabiedriskās attiecības Informācijas un komunikācijas zinātnes Public Relations Information and Communication Sciences Bakalaura darba “Sabiedrisko attiecību speciālistu veselības komunikācija LETA preses relīzēs par vakcināciju 2016.-2019. un 2020.-2021. gadā” mērķis ir noskaidrot, kādas veselības komunikācijai raksturīgās tendences ir novērojamas informācijas aģentūras LETA vietnē publicētās, vakcinēties aicinošās preses relīzēs no 2016. līdz 2019. un no 2020. līdz 2021. gada beigām. Mērķa sasniegšanai bakalaura darbā tiek aplūkota zinātniskā literatūra un informatīvie avoti par komunikācijas teorijām un to izpausmi realitātē, veselības promocijas veidiem un rīkiem, komunikāciju riska un krīzes gadījumos, preses relīžu uzbūvi un to rakstīšanas pamatprincipiem. Balstoties uz literatūrā gūto informāciju, empīriskajā daļā tiek izstrādātas publikāciju analīžu kategorijas, kas ļauj sistemātiski sagrupēt datus un veikt detalizēto analīzi. Pētījumā pamatā ir satura analīze, kas tiek panākta ar kvantitatīvo un kvalitatīvo pētījuma metodi. Kvalitatīvā metode tiek izmantota datu ieguves un interpretācijas posmā tekstuālās analīzes formātā. Kvantitatīvā metode tiek lietota, lai iekodētu datus un veikt analīzi SPSS datora programmā, kas ļauj skaidri novērot likumsakarības starp analīzes kategorijām. Galvenie bakalaura darba secinājumi – sabiedrības izglītotības un informētības veicināšana par vakcinācijas tēmu mēdz labvēlīgi ietekmēt kopējo populācijas veselības nozares pārzināšanu, kas, savukārt, veido iespēju palēnināt infekcijas slimību izplatību un uzlabot sabiedriskās imunitātes stāvokli. The aim of the Bachelor's “PR specialists' health communication in LETA press releases on vaccination in 2016-2019 and 2020-2021” is to clarify the specific trends of health communication, published on LETA's website, to vaccinate in inviting press releases from 2016 to 2019 and from the end of 2021. Scientific literature and information sources on communication theories and their expression in reality, the types and tools of health promotion, communication risks and crises, the composition of press releases and the basic principles of their writing are addressed in the bachelor's work. On the basis of the information from literature, the empirical part develops categories of analyses of publications which allow for systematic grouping of data and detailed analysis. The study is based on the analysis of the content achieved by the quantitative and qualitative study methodes. The qualitative method is used during the acquisition and interpretation phase in the form of textual analysis. The quantitative method is used to bite data and perform analysis in the SPSS computer program, which allows you to see clearly the relationships between the analysis categories. The main conclusions of the bachelor's work: promoting public education and awareness of the topic of vaccination tend to have a positive impact on the overall management of the population health sector, which in turn makes it possible to slow down the spread of infectious diseases and improve the state of public immunity.

Eiropas Parlaments (EP) ir viena no svarīgākajām lēmējinstitūcijām Eiropas Savienībā. EP plenārsēdēs pieņemtie lēmumi tiek īsi apkopoti preses relīzēs. Šī pētījuma mērķis ir veikt stilistisko analīzi EP preses relīzēm par mazo uzņēmējdarbību, tā kā tai ir īpaši svarīga loma ekonomikā. Galvenās pētniecības metodes ir žanra analīze un stilistiskā analīze. Šis pētījums atklāj EP preses relīžu tipiskās leksiskās, gramatiskās un figurālās iezīmes un definē preses relīzes kā žanru. Tiek secināts, ka EP preses relīžu teikumi ir gari un pakārtoti, un tajos ir ievērojams skaits īpašvārdu, klasificējošo īpašības vārdu, viena vārda leksisko darbības vārdu, abreviatūru un metonīmiju., The European Parliament (EP) is one of the most important decision-making bodies in the European Union. The decisions taken by the EP in plenary sessions are briefly summarised in press releases. The aim of this study is to perform a stylistic analysis of the EP press releases about small businesses since they play a particularly important role in the economy. The main research methods are genre analysis and stylistic analysis. This study discovers the typical lexical, grammatical, and figurative features of the EP press releases and defines press releases as a genre. It is concluded that the sentences in the EP press releases are lengthy and complex, and they present a considerable number of proper nouns, classifying adjectives, single-word lexical verbs, abbreviations, and metonyms.

Exploring reputation and organizational communication, this study tests how journalists perceive press releases containing grammatical errors. Journalists (n = 118) read a press release with or without errors from an existing or unknown company. Journalists ranked the press releases without errors more favorably, regardless of their perceptions of the company. Additionally, press releases from the existing company were ranked more favorably than those from the unknown one, regardless of errors. Notably, there were no interaction effects, which suggests that reputation cannot overcome negative error effects and that polished writing cannot overcome negative corporate perception effects. Implications for the public relations–journalism relationship are discussed, as is the legitimacy of using unknown organizations when testing reputation via experiments.

The SECRETed project aims to fully exploit aquatic biotechnology for the development of biosurfactants and siderophores with tailor-made properties based on marine and extremophilic microorganisms. Systems and Synthetic Biology toolboxes and methods are employed to reverse engineer and combine biosynthetic pathways for the production of new-to-nature compounds for multiple sectors including agrochemical, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and chemistry.

Prevention, Detection, Response and Mitigation: 16 months after kickoff, the partners of the H2020 project ENSURESEC delivered their first set of tools to better protect the whole e-commerce ecosystem against cyber physical attacks.

16 months after kickoff, the partners of the H2020 project End-to-end Security of the Digital Single Market’s e-commerce and Delivery Service Ecosystem (ENSURESEC) delivered a set of tools to better protect the whole e-commerce ecosystem against cyber physical attacks.