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153. Modulation of the functional interfaces between retroviral intasomes and the human nucleosome

Author

Mauro, E., primary, Lapaillerie, D., additional, Tumiotto, C., additional, Charlier, C., additional, Martins, F., additional, Sousa, S. F., additional, Métifiot, M., additional, Weigel, P, additional, Yamatsugu, K., additional, Kanai, M., additional, Munier-Lehmann, H., additional, Richetta, C., additional, Batisse, J., additional, Ruff, M., additional, Delelis, O., additional, Lesbats, P., additional, and Parissi, V., additional

Published
2022
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155. The Landscape Fire Scars Database: mapping historical burned area and fire severity in Chile

Author

Miranda, Alejandro, primary, Mentler, Rayén, additional, Moletto-Lobos, Ítalo, additional, Alfaro, Gabriela, additional, Aliaga, Leonardo, additional, Balbontín, Dana, additional, Barraza, Maximiliano, additional, Baumbach, Susanne, additional, Calderón, Patricio, additional, Cárdenas, Fernando, additional, Castillo, Iván, additional, Contreras, Gonzalo, additional, de la Barra, Felipe, additional, Galleguillos, Mauricio, additional, González, Mauro E., additional, Hormazábal, Carlos, additional, Lara, Antonio, additional, Mancilla, Ian, additional, Muñoz, Francisca, additional, Oyarce, Cristian, additional, Pantoja, Francisca, additional, Ramírez, Rocío, additional, and Urrutia, Vicente, additional

Published
2022
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156. Nicht-invasive Tests für klinisch signifikante portale Hypertension nach Heilung der Hepatitis C–gepoolte Analyse und Validierung der prognostischen Wertigkeit

Author

Semmler, G, additional, Lens, S, additional, Meyer, E, additional, Baiges, A, additional, Alvarado, E, additional, Llop, E, additional, Tellez, L, additional, Schwabl, P, additional, Mauro, E, additional, Escude, L, additional, Diez, C, additional, Ibanez-Samaniego, L, additional, Puente, A, additional, Fortea, JI, additional, Abadia, M, additional, Zanetto, A, additional, Jia, J, additional, Yoshiji, H, additional, Francque, S, additional, Tsochatzis, E, additional, Russo, FP, additional, Crespo, G, additional, Forns, X, additional, Banares, R, additional, Villanueva, C, additional, Hernandez-Gea, V, additional, Reiberger, T, additional, Bosch, J, additional, Garcia-Pagan, J, additional, and Mandorfer, M, additional

Published
2022
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157. Brunetta e Achille: a proposito del concetto meritocratico-neomanageriale di nullafacenza

Author

Mauro, E. and Mauro, E.

Subjects
Merit, meritocracy, competition, prize, selfishness
Abstract

The Iliad is a meritocratic poem. Achilles is the model of the meritocracy, of the meritocratic conception of justice. As his valour is not completely recognised by his chief Agamemnon, Achilles is ready to persist in his fury until the destruction of his own army. Cooperation, solidarity, friendship are sacrificed in the name of a meritocratic idea of honour. All of this reminds from close up the meritocratic conception of public administrations, universities, schools made concrete by the Italian legislative reforms of the last few years, promoted both by right- and left-wing politicians and scholars, so little surprisingly similar in advocating the thaumaturgic virtues of the meritocracy.

Published
2022

160. Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies in adults: Clinical and genetic features

Author

Di Bella, D, Magri, S, Benzoni, C, Farina, L, Maccagnano, C, Sarto, E, Moscatelli, M, Baratta, S, Ciano, C, Piacentini, S, Draghi, L, Mauro, E, Pareyson, D, Gellera, C, Taroni, F, Salsano, E, Di Bella D., Magri S., Benzoni C., Farina L., Maccagnano C., Sarto E., Moscatelli M., Baratta S., Ciano C., Piacentini S. H. M. J., Draghi L., Mauro E., Pareyson D., Gellera C., Taroni F., Salsano E., Di Bella, D, Magri, S, Benzoni, C, Farina, L, Maccagnano, C, Sarto, E, Moscatelli, M, Baratta, S, Ciano, C, Piacentini, S, Draghi, L, Mauro, E, Pareyson, D, Gellera, C, Taroni, F, Salsano, E, Di Bella D., Magri S., Benzoni C., Farina L., Maccagnano C., Sarto E., Moscatelli M., Baratta S., Ciano C., Piacentini S. H. M. J., Draghi L., Mauro E., Pareyson D., Gellera C., Taroni F., and Salsano E.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Little is known about hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLDs) in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate HLD occurrence, clinical features, and etiology among undefined leukoencephalopathies in adulthood. Methods: We recruited the patients with cerebral hypomyelinating magnetic resonance imaging pattern (mild T2 hyperintensity with normal or near-normal T1 signal) from our cohort of 62 adult index cases with undefined leukoencephalopathies, reviewed their clinical features, and used a leukoencephalopathy-targeted next generation sequencing panel. Results: We identified 25/62 patients (~40%) with hypomyelination. Cardinal manifestations were spastic gait and varying degree of cognitive impairment. Etiology was determined in 44% (definite, 10/25; likely, 1/25). Specifically, we found pathogenic variants in the POLR3A (n = 2), POLR1C (n = 1), RARS1 (n = 1), and TUBB4A (n = 1) genes, which are typically associated with severe early-onset HLDs, and in the GJA1 gene (n = 1), which is associated with oculodentodigital dysplasia. Duplication of a large chromosome X region encompassing PLP1 and a pathogenic GJC2 variant were found in two patients, both females, with early-onset HLDs persisting into adulthood. Finally, we found likely pathogenic variants in PEX3 (n = 1) and PEX13 (n = 1) and potentially relevant variants of unknown significance in TBCD (n = 1), which are genes associated with severe, early-onset diseases with central hypomyelination/dysmyelination. Conclusions: A hypomyelinating pattern characterizes a relevant number of undefined leukoencephalopathies in adulthood. A comprehensive genetic screening allows definite diagnosis in about half of patients, and demonstrates the involvement of many disease-causing genes, including genes associated with severe early-onset HLDs, and genes causing peroxisome biogenesis disorders.

Published
2021

161. An individualized food-based nutrition intervention reduces visceral and total body fat while preserving skeletal muscle mass in breast cancer patients under antineoplastic treatment

Author

Rosa Olivia Mendez-Estrada, Ana Teresa Limon-Miro, Bertha I. Pacheco-Moreno, Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia, Veronica Lopez-Teros, Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo, and Mauro E. Valencia

Subjects
Adult, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Nutritional Status, Adipose tissue, Breast Neoplasms, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Quality of life, Internal medicine, Vegetables, Humans, Medicine, Sarcopenic obesity, Stage (cooking), Muscle, Skeletal, Caloric Restriction, Meal, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Body Weight, Middle Aged, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Adipose Tissue, Fruit, Body Composition, Female, Dietary Proteins, Nutrition Therapy, Diet, Healthy, Energy Metabolism, business
Abstract

Summary Background & aims Breast cancer patients (BCP) during treatment often experience an increase in body weight and fat mass, and a decrease in muscle mass known as sarcopenic obesity, affecting their prognosis and quality of life. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a 6-month individualized food-based nutrition intervention program in nonmetastatic BCP body composition during treatment. Methods This is a pre-post study in recently diagnosed women with invasive ductal/lobular breast carcinoma (clinical stage I-III). The individualized nutrition intervention was based on the dynamic macronutrient meal equivalent menu method (MEM). Dietary plans were developed according to WCRF/AICR guidelines, BCP total energy expenditure, 1.2–1.5 g/kgBW/d of protein intake, 5–9 servings/day of fruits and vegetables, and a caloric restriction (500–1000 kcal/d) when applicable (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Follow-up was every 2-weeks and a different diet menu was provided in each session during 6 months. Baseline and final measurements included the assessment of anthropometry, body composition, and physical activity. Results Twenty-two participants completed the study and at diagnosis 68% were overweighed or obese. After the 6-month nutrition intervention program, BCP lost 3.1 kg (p Conclusions The individualized food-based nutrition intervention program empowered BCP to make informed healthy food choices within their personal preferences, socioeconomic and cultural background. With this type of intervention, nonmetastatic BCP reduced body weight, fat-mass, fat mass index, visceral and abdominal fat, while preserving skeletal muscle mass, during antineoplastic treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03625635 .

Published
2021

162. DESCOMPRESIÓN MICROVASCULAR ENDOSCÓPICA VERSUS MICROSCÓPICA EN NEURALGIA TRIGEMINAL EN UN CENTRO ARGENTINO.

Author

VILLAMIL, FACUNDO, DOMECQ LAPLACE, LUCILA, RUELLA, MAURO E., CAFFARATTI, GUIDO, MONSALVE, MARTIN, and CERVIO, ANDRÉS

Abstract

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023

163. Renal transplant waiting list mortality in COVID era: is it advisable to halt transplant activity?

Author

Martínez-Ulloa-Torres, Jorge, Gutiérrez-Torres, Paulo, Castro-Ruiz, Pablo, Bolado-García, Patricia B., Hernandez-Dominguez, Mariano, Aguilar-Castillejos, Luis F., Tun-Abraham, Mauro E., and Baas-Cruz, Juan P.

Subjects
KIDNEY transplantation, COVID-19 pandemic, CHRONIC kidney failure, ODDS ratio, PATIENT compliance
Abstract

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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164. Postoperative Third Nerve Palsy after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Adenoma: Elucidating its Mechanism.

Author

Villamil, Facundo, Caffaratti, Guido, Ruella, Mauro E., Giovannini, Sebastian J. M., and Cervio, Andres

Subjects
PITUITARY tumors, PARALYSIS, OCULOMOTOR nerve, CAVERNOUS sinus, NERVES, ENDOSCOPIC surgery
Abstract

Third nerve palsy is a rare complication of transsphenoidal surgery and has been merely mentioned in different studies, but there is not any rigorous analysis focusing on this particular complication. The purpose of this study is to analyze this complication after transsphenoidal surgery for a pituitary adenoma to better understand its pathophysiology and outcome. The authors retrospectively analyzed 3 cases of third nerve palsy selected from the 377 patients operated via a transsphenoidal route between 2012 and 2021 at FLENI, a private tertiary neurology and neurosurgical medical center located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The three patients who presented this complication were operated on via an endoscopic approach. It was observed that an extension into the cavernous sinus (Knosp grade 4) and to the oculomotor cistern was present in the three patients. The deficit was apparent immediately after surgery in two patients. For these two patients, the supposed mechanism of ophthalmoplegia was an intraoperative nerve lesion. The other patient became symptomatic in the 48 h following the surgery. The mechanism implied in this case was intracavernous hemorrhagic suffusion. The latter patient completely recovered the third nerve deficit in the 3 months that followed, while the other two recovered after 6 months postoperative. Oculomotor nerve palsy after transsphenoidal surgery is a very rare complication and appears to be transient in most cases. The invasion of both the cavernous sinus and the oculomotor cistern seems to be a major factor in its physiopathology and should be preoperatively analyzed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); recognizing such extension should play an important role in the surgeon’s operative considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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168. Soft skills voor toekomstig werk: welke ontwikkelingsnoden ervaren studenten en hoe zien werkgevers dit (anders)?

Author

Dimitri Van Maele, Korneel Holvoet, Katrien Naessens, and Mauro E. Kerckhof

Abstract

VIVES University College voerde, in opdracht van het Europees Erasmus+ project COMPETE, een bevraging uit bij werkgevers en (ex-)studenten hoger onderwijs over hun visie op soft skills in de werkcontext. COMPETE wil inzetten op de ontwikkeling van soft skills in het hoger onderwijs. Een diversiteit aan zowel (ex-)studenten als werkgevers werden bevraagd. Beide groepen zijn overtuigd van het belang van de meeste soft skills. Probleemoplossend denken, communicatie, teamwerk en aanpassingsvermogen vinden ze de belangrijkste soft skills voor een afgestudeerde jongere. De (ex-)studenten ervaren vooral de behoefte aan de ontwikkeling van persoonlijke skills, zoals tolerantie voor stress. Werkgevers rapporteren eveneens de nood in te zetten op stresstolerantie. Daarnaast zien werkgevers vooral ruimte voor de ontwikkeling van probleemoplossend denken. Werkgevers evalueren deze soft skill bij een ‘typische’ net afgestudeerde werknemer vaak laag, terwijl ze het belang ervan net zeer hoog inschatten. ispartof: Tijdschrift voor HRM issue:1 pages:75-98 status: Published online

Published
2021

170. P535: UPDATES FROM ITALIAN MULTICENTER REAL-LIFE EXPERIENCE ON CPX-351 THERAPY IN YOUNG PATIENTS (<60 YEARS OLD).

Author

Garibaldi, B., primary, Franciosa, M., additional, Pilo, F., additional, Menotti, D., additional, Cardinali, V., additional, Brunetti, L., additional, Martino, E. A., additional, Vigna, E., additional, Tanasi, I., additional, Duminuco, A., additional, Maugeri, C., additional, Parisi, M. S., additional, Fiumara, P. F., additional, Mauro, E., additional, Gentile, M., additional, Martelli, M. P., additional, Capelli, D., additional, Romani, C., additional, Galimberti, S., additional, Palumbo, G. A., additional, Di Raimondo, F., additional, and Vetro, C., additional

Published
2022
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171. Exposure to environmental pollutants selects for xenobiotic-degrading functions in the human gut microbiome

Author

Francesca De Filippis, Vincenzo Valentino, Giuseppina Sequino, Giorgia Borriello, Marita Georgia Riccardi, Biancamaria Pierri, Pellegrino Cerino, Antonio Pizzolante, Edoardo Pasolli, Mauro Esposito, Antonio Limone, and Danilo Ercolini

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Environmental pollutants from different chemical families may reach the gut microbiome, where they can be metabolized and transformed. However, how our gut symbionts respond to the exposure to environmental pollution is still underexplored. In this observational, cohort study, we aim to investigate the influence of environmental pollution on the gut microbiome composition and potential activity by shotgun metagenomics. We select as a case study a population living in a highly polluted area in Campania region (Southern Italy), proposed as an ideal field for exposomic studies and we compare the fecal microbiome of 359 subjects living in areas with high, medium and low environmental pollution. We highlight changes in gut microbiome composition and functionality that were driven by pollution exposure. Subjects from highly polluted areas show higher blood concentrations of dioxin and heavy metals, as well as an increase in microbial genes related to degradation and/or resistance to these molecules. Here we demonstrate the dramatic effect that environmental xenobiotics have on gut microbial communities, shaping their composition and boosting the selection of strains with degrading capacity. The gut microbiome can be considered as a pivotal player in the environment-health interaction that may contribute to detoxifying toxic compounds and should be taken into account when developing risk assessment models. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT05976126.

Published
2024
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172. Erratum: The Italian national project of astrobiology-life in space-origin, presence, persistence of life in space, from molecules to extremophiles (Astrobiology (2020) 20:5 (580-582) DOI: 10.1089/ast.2020.2247)

Author

Onofri S., Balucani N., Barone V., Benedetti P., Billi D., Balbi A., Brucato J. R., Cobucci-Ponzano B., Costanzo G., Rocca N. L., Moracci M., Saladino R., Vladilo G., Albertini N., Battistuzzi M., Bloino J., Botta L., Casavecchia P., Cassaro A., Claudi R., Cocola L., Coduti A., Di Donato P., Di Mauro E., Dore L., Falcinelli S., Fulle M., Ivanovski S., Lombardi A., Mancini G., Maris M., Maurelli L., Murante G., Negri R., Pacelli C., Pagano I., Piccinino D., Poletto L., Prantera G., Puzzarini C., Rampino S., Ripa C., Rosi M., Sanna M., Selbmann L., Silva L., Skouteris D., Strazzulli A., Tasinato N., Timperio A. M., Tozzi A., Tozzi G. P., Trainotti L., Ugliengo P., Vaccaro L., Zucconi L., Onofri S., Balucani N., Barone V., Benedetti P., Billi D., Balbi A., Brucato J.R., Cobucci-Ponzano B., Costanzo G., Rocca N.L., Moracci M., Saladino R., Vladilo G., Albertini N., Battistuzzi M., Bloino J., Botta L., Casavecchia P., Cassaro A., Claudi R., Cocola L., Coduti A., Di Donato P., Di Mauro E., Dore L., Falcinelli S., Fulle M., Ivanovski S., Lombardi A., Mancini G., Maris M., Maurelli L., Murante G., Negri R., Pacelli C., Pagano I., Piccinino D., Poletto L., Prantera G., Puzzarini C., Rampino S., Ripa C., Rosi M., Sanna M., Selbmann L., Silva L., Skouteris D., Strazzulli A., Tasinato N., Timperio A.M., Tozzi A., Tozzi G.P., Trainotti L., Ugliengo P., Vaccaro L., Zucconi L., Onofri, S., Balucani, N., Barone, V., Benedetti, P., Billi, D., Balbi, A., Brucato, J. R., Cobucci-Ponzano, B., Costanzo, G., Rocca, N. L., Moracci, M., Saladino, R., Vladilo, G., Albertini, N., Battistuzzi, M., Bloino, J., Botta, L., Casavecchia, P., Cassaro, A., Claudi, R., Cocola, L., Coduti, A., Di Donato, P., Di Mauro, E., Dore, L., Falcinelli, S., Fulle, M., Ivanovski, S., Lombardi, A., Mancini, G., Maris, M., Maurelli, L., Murante, G., Negri, R., Pacelli, C., Pagano, I., Piccinino, D., Poletto, L., Prantera, G., Puzzarini, C., Rampino, S., Ripa, C., Rosi, M., Sanna, M., Selbmann, L., Silva, L., Skouteris, D., Strazzulli, A., Tasinato, N., Timperio, A. M., Tozzi, A., Tozzi, G. P., Trainotti, L., Ugliengo, P., Vaccaro, L., and Zucconi, L.

Subjects
life in space-origin, astrobiology, persistence of life in space, from molecules to extremophiles in space, Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
Abstract

The Italian National Project of Astrobiology―Life in Space―Origin, Presence, Persistence of Life in Space, from Molecules to Extremophiles A member’s name should be added to the OPPS Project Team: Stavro Ivanovski on page 580 footnotes. We have made this correction on the title page of the article and the eTOC.

Published
2020

173. Short-Interval, Severe Wildfires Alter Saproxylic Beetle Diversity in Andean Araucaria Forests in Northwest Chilean Patagonia

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad, Tello, Francisco, González, Mauro E., Micó, Estefanía, Valdivia, Nelson, Torres, Fernanda, Lara, Antonio, García López, Alejandra, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad, Tello, Francisco, González, Mauro E., Micó, Estefanía, Valdivia, Nelson, Torres, Fernanda, Lara, Antonio, and García López, Alejandra

Abstract

The occurrence of short-interval, severe wildfires are increasing drastically at a global scale, and appear as a novel phenomenon in areas where fire historically returns in large time lapses. In forest ecosystems, these events induce drastic changes in population dynamics, which could dramatically impact species diversity. Here, we studied the effect on diversity of recent short-interval, severe wildfires (SISF), which occurred in rapid succession in the summers of 2002 and 2015 in Chilean Northern Patagonian Araucaria–Nothofagus forests. We analyzed the diversity of deadwood-dependent (i.e., saproxylic) and fire-sensitive beetles as biological indicators across four conditions: 2002-burned areas, 2015-burned areas, SISF areas (i.e., burned in 2002 and again in 2015), and unburned areas. Saproxylic beetles were collected using window traps in 2017 to 2019 summer seasons. To investigate the mechanisms underpinning the fire-related disturbance of the assemblage, we evaluated the effects of post-fire habitat quality (e.g., dead wood decomposition) and quantity (e.g., burned dead wood volume and tree density) on the abundances and species richness of the entire assemblage and also multiple trophic groups. Compared with the unburned condition, SISF drastically reduced species richness, evenness, and Shannon’s diversity and altered the composition of the saproxylic beetle assemblages. The between-condition variation in composition was accounted for by a species replacement (turnover) between SISF and 2015-burned areas, but both species replacement and extinction (nestedness) between SISF and unburned areas. Dead wood decomposition and tree density were the variables with the strongest effects on the abundance and species richness of the entire saproxylic beetle assemblage and most trophic groups. These results suggest that SISF, through degraded habitat quality (dead wood decomposition) and quantity (arboreal density), have detrimental impacts on diversity and population

Published
2022

174. Silagens mistas de capim elefante e sorgo forrageiro

Author

Da Silva, R.C., Mauro, E., Silva, J., Pinto, G.G., Fernandes, A., Araújo, G., Souto., H., Tavares, N., Marte, D., Da Silva, R.C., Mauro, E., Silva, J., Pinto, G.G., Fernandes, A., Araújo, G., Souto., H., Tavares, N., and Marte, D.

Abstract

Mixed silages production allows to explore the complementarity of desirable characteristics of different species, however, there is no information on literature about the ideal proportions to a good fermentation of elephant grass and sorghum. The aim was to evaluate the fermentation profile, microbiological profile, losses in ensiling process, bromatological composition and aerobic stability of mixed silages of elephantgrass and sorghum. The experiment was conducted in Areia, Paraíba, Brazil, with climate classification As according to Koppën. It was used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replicates. All data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression with statistical package SISVAR. Sorghum inclusion increased water-soluble carbohydrates and dry matter in mixed silages. pH was lower than 4 in silages with sorghum. Organic acids increased as sorghum was added. When silos were opened pH increased in all silages, organic acids and ammoniacal nitrogen reduced, whereas butyric acid increased. Effluent losses decreased linearly in function of sorghum levels and gases losses had no effect among treatments. Only sorghum silage had aerobic deterioration. The production of mixed silages composed by 50% sorghum showed better quality compared to others, considering fermentative process, aerobic stability and minimal losses, A produção de silagens mistas permite explorar a complementariedade de características desejáveis em diferentes espécies, mas a literatura é incipiente quanto à mistura do capim elefante e sorgo forrageiro. Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil fermentativo e microbiológico, as perdas e a estabilidade aeróbia das silagens mistas de capim-elefante e sorgo forrageiro. O experimento foi realizado no município de Areia, Paraíba, Brasil, onde o clima é classificado como As segundo Koppën. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão com o programa SISVAR. A inclusão de sorgo promoveu aumento linear no teor de carboidratos solúveis e matéria seca nas silagens. O pH foi menor que 4 em todas as silagens contendo sorgo. Os ácidos orgânicos aumentaram à medida que se adicionou sorgo na mistura. Após a abertura dos silos o pH aumentou, os ácidos orgânicos e nitrogênio amoniacal reduziram, enquanto o ácido butírico aumentou. Os efluentes diminuíram linearmente em função dos níveis de sorgo, enquanto as perdas por gases foram baixas (P>0,05). Apenas a silagem de sorgo forrageiro apresentou quebra da estabilidade aeróbia. A produção de silagens mistas com 50% de sorgo forrageiro apresentou melhor qualidade ao se considerar o processo fermentativo, estabilidade aeróbia e a diminuição de perdas

Published
2022

176. Surviving in a hostile landscape: Nothofagus alessandrii remnant forests threatened by mega-fires and exotic pine invasion in the coastal range of central Chile.

Author

González, Mauro E., Galleguillos, Mauricio, Lopatin, Javier, Leal, Claudia, Becerra-Rodas, Constanza, Lara, Antonio, and San Martín, José

Subjects
*FIRE management, *NOTHOFAGUS, *HOT peppers, *CLIMATE feedbacks, *WILDFIRE prevention, *DECIDUOUS plants, *PINUS radiata, *HEAT waves (Meteorology), *PINE
Abstract

Nothofagus alessandrii , categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, is an endemic, deciduous tree species of the coastal range of central Chile. We assessed the effects of fire severity, invasion by the exotic fire-prone Pinus radiata , and land-cover composition and configuration of the landscape on the resilience of fragments of N. alessandrii after a mega-fire in 2017. We used remote sensing data to estimate land-use classes and cover, fire severity and invasion cover of P. radiata. We monitored forest composition and structure and post-fire responses of N. alessandrii forests in situ for 2 years after the mega-fire. In the coastal Maule region wildfires have been favoured by intense drought and widespread exotic pine plantations, increasing the ability of fire-adapted invasive species to colonize native forest remnants. Over 85% of N. alessandrii forests were moderately or severely burnt. The propagation and severity of fire was probably amplified by the exotic pines located along the edges of, or inside, the N. alessandrii fragments and the highly flammable pine plantations surrounding these fragments (> 60% of land use is pine plantations). Pinus radiata , a fire-adapted pioneer species, showed strong post-fire recruitment within the N. alessandrii fragments, especially those severely burnt. Positive feedback between climate change (i.e. droughts and heat waves), wildfires and pine invasions is driving N. alessandrii forests into an undesirable and probably irreversible state (i.e. a landscape trap). A large-scale restoration programme to design a diverse and less flammable landscape is needed to avoid the loss of these highly threatened forest ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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177. Seed yield potential improvement through breeding in Panicum coloratum var. makarikariense.

Author

Tomás, María A., Maina, Marina, Lifschitz, Mauro E., Armando, Lorena V., and Giordano, Mabel C.

Subjects
SEED yield, PANICUM, GENETIC correlations, SEED harvesting, FORAGE, PHENOTYPIC plasticity
Abstract

Context: Panicum coloratum is a relatively undomesticated small-seeded warm-season forage grass. Seed shattering, an extended reproductive period and non-synchronic seed maturation limit harvested seed yields. Low seed quantity and quality hinder pasture establishment and discourage its use. Aims: To assess whether seed yield potential could be improved by breeding, we sought to measure variability in traits related to seed production including phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental cues, and estimated narrow-sense heritability, prospective genetic gain after selection and co-heritabilities in seed yield components. Methods: Seed retention (SR), number of panicles (PN), seed number per panicle (SN) and seed weight (SW) were measured in plants growing in the field. Clonal replicates of 13 genotypes were assessed in 2007 and 2010 and half-sib families derived from these genotypes were measured in 2010. Key results: Phenotypic variability among genotypes was related to genetic factors for all measured variables. Two broad groups of accessions showing differences in SR were studied. Phenotypic plasticity in SR differed among genotypes and was negatively related to levels of SR, implying that stable high-SR genotypes could be selected in a breeding program. Maximum narrow-sense heritabilities were 0.89 and 0.41 for SN and SR, respectively, with estimated gains after selection around 30%. The best results were achieved if selecting for SR at 3–5 weeks after anthesis. Low genetic correlations and extremely low co-heritabilities between other characters and seed yield components discourage the possibility of indirect selection. Conclusion: Moderate increases in seed production potential may be achieved after selection for SN, SW and SR in P. coloratum var. makarikariense. Implications: Improvements in SR and other seed yield components would facilitate harvest, increase yield and consequently increase profitability to growers and stimulate pasture adoption by farmers. Difficulties in seed production have slowed the establishment and use of subtropical forage grasses. We studied possibilities to improve seed yield components and reduce seed shattering through breeding and estimated prospective genetic gains after selection in traits related to seed production in Panicum coloratum var. makarikariense. We suggest time-points after anthesis to perform selection to maximise genetic response in seed retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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183. Canonical ErbB-2 isoform and ErbB-2 variant c located in the nucleus drive triple negative breast cancer growth

Author

Nicolás Bellora, Franco Izzo, Rosalia Ines Cordo Russo, Pablo Guzmán, Juan Carlos Roa, Matías G. Pereyra, Mara De Martino, Mauro E. Cenciarini, Ezequiel Petrillo, Silvina Figurelli, Jose L. Daniotti, Daniel Lopez Della Vecchia, Osvaldo L. Podhajcer, Sabrina Barchuk, Lucía Santa María de la Parra, Patricia V. Elizalde, Violeta A. Chiauzzi, Cecilia J. Proietti, Leandro N. Guttlein, Roxana Schillaci, María F. Chervo, and Agustina Dupont

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Gene isoform, Cancer Research, Receptor, ErbB-2, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, Receptor tyrosine kinase, Ciencias Biológicas, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, ErbB-2, Breast cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, ErbB, RNA interference, Cell Line, Tumor, Genetics, Humans, Protein Isoforms, Molecular Biology, Transcription factor, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7, Triple-negative breast cancer, Cell Proliferation, Cell Nucleus, Paraffin Embedding, biology, Alternative splicing, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, biology.protein, Female, TNBC, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to tumors that do not express clinically significant levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and lack membrane overexpression or gene amplification of ErbB-2/HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase. Transcriptome and proteome heterogeneity of TNBC poses a major challenge to precision medicine. Clinical biomarkers and targeted therapies for this disease remain elusive, so chemotherapy has been the standard of care for early and metastatic TNBC. Our present findings placed ErbB-2 in an unanticipated scenario: the nucleus of TNBC (NErbB-2). Our study on ErbB-2 alternative splicing events, using a PCR-sequencing approach combined with an RNA interference strategy, revealed that TNBC cells express either the canonical (wild-type) ErbB-2, encoded by transcript variant 1, or the non-canonical ErbB-2 isoform c, encoded by alternative variant 3 (RefSeq), or both. These ErbB-2 isoforms function in the nucleus as transcription factors. Evicting both from the nucleus or silencing isoform c only, blocks TN cell and tumor growth. This reveals not only NErbB-2 canonical and alternative isoforms role as targets of therapy in TNBC, but also isoform c dominant oncogenic potential. Furthermore, we validated our findings in the clinic and observed that NErbB-2 correlates with poor prognosis in primary TN tumors, disclosing NErbB-2 as a novel biomarker for TNBC. Our discoveries challenge the present scenario of drug development for personalized BC medicine that focuses on wild-type RefSeq proteins, which conserve the canonical domains and are located in their classical cellular compartments. Fil: Chervo, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Cordo Russo, Rosalia Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Petrillo, Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: Izzo, Franco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: de Martino, Mara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Bellora, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales; Argentina Fil: Cenciarini, Mauro Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Chiauzzi, Violeta Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Santa María de la Parra, Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Pereyra Matías G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Güttlein, Leandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Podhajcer, Osvaldo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Daniotti, Jose Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Dupont, Agustina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Barchuk, Sabrina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Figurelli, Silvina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Lopez Della Vecchia, Daniel Edgardo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Roa, Juan Carlos. Universidad de La Frontera. Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Recursos Naturales; Chile. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile Fil: Guzmán, Pablo. Universidad de La Frontera. Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Recursos Naturales; Chile Fil: Proietti Anastasi, Cecilia Jazmín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Schillaci, Roxana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina Fil: Elizalde, Patricia Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina

Published
2020

184. The 'Super-Child' Approach Is Applied To Estimate Retinol Kinetics and Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Mexican Preschoolers

Author

Sherry A. Tanumihardjo, Brianda Isamar Monreal-Barraza, Veronica Lopez-Teros, Lilian García-Miranda, Michael H. Green, Jennifer Lynn Ford, Mauro E. Valencia, and Humberto Astiazarán-García

Subjects
Male, Oral dose, Vitamin, Population, Kinetics, Indicator Dilution Techniques, Nutritional Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), Retinyl acetate, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Humans, Child, Vitamin A, education, Mexico, Mathematics, Preschool child, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Retinol, Total body, chemistry, Child, Preschool, Body Burden, Female
Abstract

Background Retinol isotope dilution (RID) and model-based compartmental analysis are recognized techniques for assessing vitamin A (VA) status. Recent studies have shown that RID predictions of VA total body stores (TBS) can be improved by using modeling and that VA kinetics and TBS in children can be effectively studied by applying population modeling ("super-child" approach) to a composite data set. Objectives The objectives were to model whole-body retinol kinetics and predict VA TBS in a group of Mexican preschoolers using the super-child approach and to use model predictions of RID coefficients to estimate TBS by RID in individuals. Methods Twenty-four healthy Mexican children (aged 3-6 y) received an oral dose (2.96 μmol) of [13C10]retinyl acetate in corn oil. Blood samples were collected from 8 h to 21 d after dosing, with each child sampled at 4 d and at 1 other time. Composite data for plasma labeled retinol compared with time were analyzed using a 6-component model to obtain group retinol kinetic parameters and pool sizes. Model-predicted TBS was compared with mean RID predictions at 4 d; RID estimates at 4 d were compared with those calculated at 7-21 d. Results Model-predicted TBS was 1097 μmol, equivalent to ∼2.4 y-worth of VA; using model-derived coefficients, group mean RID-predicted TBS was 1096 μmol (IQR: 836-1492 μmol). TBS at 4 d compared with a later time was similar (P = 0.33). The model predicted that retinol spent 1.5 h in plasma during each transit and recycled to plasma 13 times before utilization. Conclusions The super-child modeling approach provides information on whole-body VA kinetics and can be used with RID to estimate TBS at any time between 4 and 21 d postdose. The high TBS predicted for these children suggests positive VA balance, likely due to large-dose VA supplements, and warrants further investigation.

Published
2020

185. Diversity loss and changes in saproxylic beetle assemblages following a high-severity fire in Araucaria–Nothofagus forests

Author

Mauro E. González, Fernanda Torres, Francisco Tello, Alejandra García-López, Nelson Valdivia, and Antonio Lara

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Nothofagus, Ecology, biology, Community structure, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 010602 entomology, Abundance (ecology), Animal ecology, Insect Science, Nestedness, Animal Science and Zoology, Araucaria, Restoration ecology, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Forest fires have increased in frequency worldwide due to global warming, drought, and land-use change. These fire-regime changes have altered the dynamics of deadwood accumulation in forests, which can affect biological communities dependent on this resource. We analyzed the effect of high-severity fire events on saproxylic beetle assemblages, which specialize in using deadwood that accumulates after disturbances. We compared assemblages in sites severely burned in 2002 to those in unburned sites in Chilean Araucaria–Nothofagus forests. Insects were collected using window-interception traps from spring 2017 to summer 2018. Rarefaction–interpolation curves revealed a significant decrease in diversity as a result of fire. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed a significant effect of fire on insect community structure. In addition, we observed that species turnover contributing most, and nestedness to a lesser extent, to differences in s-diversity between burned and unburned sites. Species replacement was associated with an increase in abundance of xylophagous (deadwood feeders) and a decrease in abundance of mycophagous (fungivorous) insects with fire. Therefore, our results suggest that fire causes a reduction in diversity while benefiting the abundance of xylophagous beetles in Araucaria–Nothofagus forests. We recommend the use of these insects as an evaluation tool in conservation planning, management practices, and ecological restoration efforts in burned forests in southern Chile.

Published
2020

186. Initial response of understorey vegetation and tree regeneration to a mixed‐severity fire in old‐growth Araucaria–Nothofagus forests

Author

Christian Salas-Eljatib, Pablo Santibañez, Andres Fuentes-Ramirez, Jonathan Urrutia-Estrada, Mauro E. González, and Paola Arroyo-Vargas

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Nothofagus, geography, Pioneer species, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, Chusquea culeou, macromolecular substances, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Araucaria araucana, biology.organism_classification, Old-growth forest, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Abundance (ecology), Species richness, Nothofagus pumilio, 010606 plant biology & botany, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

QUESTIONS: Fire is a key factor influencing Araucaria araucana forests, but the impact of fire severity on the understorey vegetation is not well understood. In this study we seek to answer the following questions: (a) how do initial plant diversity, composition and spatial distribution of the understorey vegetation change in response to different levels of fire severity; and (b) does the abundance of dominant tree species exhibit different patterns across a fire severity gradient shortly after fire? LOCATION: Old‐growth Araucaria araucana–Nothofagus pumilio forests in the Andes of south‐central Chile (38° S, 71° W) burned in 2015. METHODS: We evaluated the post‐fire plant regeneration across a fire severity gradient ranging from unburned forests to areas of high fire severity. One year after fire (in February 2016), we measured woody and herbaceous species richness, abundance, height, origin (native vs exotic species), life forms and the spatial pattern of plant recovery. RESULTS: Plant species richness and abundance were significantly higher within the unburned forest and low fire severity areas one year after fire, compared to areas of high and moderate fire severity. Overall, nearly 50% of the species present in the unburned forest were not found in areas of high severity, including the tree Nothofagus pumilio. Rapid vegetative resprouting of pioneer species such as Chusquea culeou resulted in an aggregated spatial distribution of plants after fire. CONCLUSIONS: Plant diversity and the abundance of Araucaria araucana and Nothofagus pumilio were reduced in areas of high fire severity one year after fire. Exotic species were more abundant within areas of low severity, being likely mediated by cattle browsing. Our research makes clear the potential changes in forest composition and structure if dominant tree species are not capable of recovering after fire. We recommend the exclusion of cattle within fire‐affected areas and planting Nothofagus pumilio in areas of high fire severity.

Published
2020

187. On the Effect of the Washcoat on the Partial Oxidation and Steam Reforming of Ethanol on Ni/Al2O3 Monolith in Short-Contact-Time Reactors

Author

Mauro E. Silva Júnior, Maíra Oliveira Palm, D.A. Duarte, Leonardo Ribeiro Cardoso, and Rafael C. Catapan

Subjects
Energy carrier, geography, Ethanol, geography.geographical_feature_category, Materials science, Hydrogen, Contact time, General Chemical Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Safe handling, Steam reforming, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Partial oxidation, 0204 chemical engineering, Monolith, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Hydrogen is an environmentally promising energy carrier, with a high potential for use in the mobility and energy sectors. However, large use of hydrogen still demands efficient and safe handling, ...

Published
2020

188. Corrigendum: 'Venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents in previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive treatment: a real-life multicenter experience' (Leukemia Research (2022) 114, (106803), (S0145212622000297), (10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106803))

Author

De Bellis, E., Imbergamo, S., Candoni, A., Lico, A., Tanasi, I., Mauro, E., Mosna, F., Leoncin, M., Stulle, M., Griguolo, D., Pravato, S., Trentin, L., Lazzarotto, D., Di Bona, E., Sancetta, R., Lucchini, E., Poiani, M., Palmieri, C., and Zaja, F.

Published
2022

189. Corrigendum to 'Venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents in previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive treatment: a real-life multicenter experience' [Leukemia Res. 114 (March 2022) 106803](S0145212622000297)(10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106803)

Author

De Bellis, E., Imbergamo, S., Candoni, A., Lico, A., Tanasi, I., Mauro, E., Mosna, F., Leoncin, M., Stulle, M., Griguolo, D., Pravato, S., Trentin, L., Lazzarotto, D., Di Bona, E., Sancetta, R., Lucchini, E., Poiani, M., Palmieri, C., and Zaja, F.

Published
2022

192. L'università tra misure, dismisure, contromisure

Author

Mauro, E. and Mauro, E.

Subjects
Ricerca scientifica - neoliberismo - valutazione - Stato misuratore - Stato misurato
Abstract

With particular regard to the 'avaluations' of scientific research, the article focuses on the confusion between evaluation and measurement, which, instead of serving the former, often claims to replace it. This means that some mysterious numbers should not only explain a certain phenomenon, but also govern it. The neoliberal order is founded on 'evaluative' and 'evaluated' States. Political evaluations are reduced to economic measurements. Numbers are considered clear, rational, objective, therefore non-political and more reliable than words, lines of reasoning, negotiations. Numbers make everything and everyone comparable. Numbers indicate what is normal, then it is everyone's responsibility to align oneself. Numbers go beyond the need to distinguish right-wing policies from left-wing policies; which make parliaments substantially irrelevant and turn goverments into executors of indicators, indexes, algorithms. The Italian university system too has 'modernized' itself to be governed by national and international league-tables of universities, departments, journals, publishers. Too many researchers consent to 'evaluate' colleagues who would deserve to be scientifically read and discussed. On the other hand, being perpetually under 'evaluation', researchers live, even until retirement, the dilemma whether to sacrifice their careers, to study topics which they are interested in, or their academic freedom, to try to climb the hierarchy by studying topics more useful to get qualifications and win competitions.

Published
2021

193. Di destra e di 'sinistra' (a proposito di Salvatore Cingari, La meritocrazia, Ediesse, Roma, 2020, pp. 249)

Author

Mauro, E. and Mauro, E.

Subjects
Meritocracy, merit, excellence, evaluation, education
Abstract

The recent book La meritocrazia by Salvatore Cingari is the most in-depth attempt so far, not only in Italy, to reconstruct the debate between supporters and critics – intellectuals and politicians – of the meritocracy. The countries most closely studied are Great Britain, United States, Italy and France. The book narrates that the word «meritocracy» was coined in England in the second half of the fifties with a meaning which is just the opposite of that implied by the common sense: pejorative, distopyc, satiric, antiegualitarian, sexist. Then the book narrates that the original meaning of the word has been completely reversed, first of all in the States of the sixties and seventies, and has become synonimous, at the same time, of efficiency, equality, justice. This reversed meaning of the common sense is paradoxical, because quite often those who invoke more meritocracy do not realise that they are not invoking more legality or honesty, but more inequality, maybe at one’s own expense.

Published
2021

194. How to Handle Arterial Conduits in Liver Transplantation? Evidence From the First Multicenter Risk Analysis

Author

Henrik Petrowsky, Timothy Owen, Kayvan Mohkam, Roberto Hernandez-Alejandro, Manuel Maglione, Mauro E Tun Abraham, Elias Khajeh, Philip C. Müller, Christian E. Oberkofler, Alejandro Pita, Karim Boudjema, Joseph DiNorcia, Paolo Muiesan, Michel Rayar, Antonio Daniele Pinna, Ronald W. Busuttil, Dimitri A. Raptis, Matteo Ravaioli, J. Peter A. Lodge, M. Lesurtel, Yuri Genyk, Jens Mittler, Philipp Dutkowski, Hannah Esser, Arianeb Mehrabi, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Dhakshina Vijayanand, Katherine M. Dokus, Hauke Lang, Fady M. Kaldas, Massimo Malagó, Andrea Schlegel, Oberkofler, Christian E, Raptis, Dimitri A, DiNorcia, Joseph, Kaldas, Fady M, Müller, Philip C, Pita, Alejandro, Genyk, Yuri, Schlegel, Andrea, Muiesan, Paolo, Tun Abraham, Mauro E, Dokus, Katherine, Hernandez-Alejandro, Roberto, Rayar, Michel, Boudjema, Karim, Mohkam, Kayvan, Lesurtel, Mickaël, Esser, Hannah, Maglione, Manuel, Vijayanand, Dhakshina, Lodge, J Peter A, Owen, Timothy, Malagó, Massimo, Mittler, Jen, Lang, Hauke, Khajeh, Elia, Mehrabi, Arianeb, Ravaioli, Matteo, Pinna, Antonio D, Dutkowski, Philipp, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, Busuttil, Ronald W, and Petrowsky, Henrik

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Liver transplantation, Revascularization, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, LT, Occlusion, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Aorta, Abdominal, Vascular Patency, business.industry, Anastomosis, Surgical, Graft Survival, Anticoagulants, Thrombosis, Perioperative, Middle Aged, Arterial occlusion, Surgery, Liver Transplantation, Regimen, Liver, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business, Vascular Surgical Procedures, Cohort study
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aims of the present study were to identify independent risk factors for conduit occlusion, compare outcomes of different AC placement sites, and investigate whether postoperative platelet antiaggregation is protective. BACKGROUND: Arterial conduits (AC) in liver transplantation (LT) offer an effective rescue option when regular arterial graft revascularization is not feasible. However, the role of the conduit placement site and postoperative antiaggregation is insufficiently answered in the literature. STUDY DESIGN: This is an international, multicenter cohort study of adult deceased donor LT requiring AC. The study included 14 LT centers and covered the period from January 2007 to December 2016. Primary endpoint was arterial occlusion/patency. Secondary endpoints included intra- and perioperative outcomes and graft and patient survival. RESULTS: The cohort was composed of 565 LT. Infrarenal aortic placement was performed in 77% of ACs whereas supraceliac placement in 20%. Early occlusion (≤30 days) occurred in 8% of cases. Primary patency was equivalent for supraceliac, infrarenal, and iliac conduits. Multivariate analysis identified donor age >40 years, coronary artery bypass, and no aspirin after LT as independent risk factors for early occlusion. Postoperative antiaggregation regimen differed among centers and was given in 49% of cases. Graft survival was significantly superior for patients receiving aggregation inhibitors after LT. CONCLUSION: When AC is required for rescue graft revascularization, the conduit placement site seems to be negligible and should follow the surgeon's preference. In this high-risk group, the study supports the concept of postoperative antiaggregation in LT requiring AC.

Published
2021

199. Survey on the use and practice of transcranial Doppler ultrasound in neurocritical patients in pediatric intensive care Units in Argentina

Author

Laura V, Figueroa, Germán H, Kaltenbach, Mauro E, Tassin, and María M, Cárdenas

Subjects
Brain Death, Critical Care, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Argentina, Humans, Child, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Abstract

The use of transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound in neurocritical patients is reported to be increasingly common in pediatric intensive care units. The objective of this survey was to know about the use and practice of TCD ultrasound in neurocritical care and the training process of staff members performing it.Survey administered to providers from 23 pediatric intensive care units of Argentina.The percentage of response was 86%. TCD ultrasound was used for suspected brain death (n = 20), head injury (n = 16), and stroke (n = 16). Pediatric intensivists perform the test (n = 13/20). Surveyed participants use TCD ultrasound to decide on treatment and management, start brain death assessment, request brain computed tomography, and manage cerebral perfusion pressure with vasopressors.All surveyed participants use TCD ultrasound findings to guide management or treatments. Half of surveyed participants are little satisfied with their training.Introducción. El uso del Doppler transcraneal (DTC) en pacientes neurocríticos se reporta cada vez más en las terapias intensivas pediátricas. El objetivo de esta encuesta es conocer los usos y prácticas del DTC en la atención neurocrítica y el proceso de formación del personal que realiza el estudio. Materiales y métodos. Encuesta a profesionales de 23 unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica de Argentina. Resultados. Porcentaje de respuesta del 86 %. Se utilizó en sospecha de muerte encefálica (n = 20), trauma de cráneo (n = 16) y accidente cerebrovascular (n = 16). El intensivista pediátrico es quien realiza los estudios (n = 13/20). Los encuestados utilizan el Doppler para decidir conductas y tratamientos, comenzar el proceso de evaluación de muerte encefálica, solicitar tomografía de cerebro y manejar la presión de perfusión cerebral con vasopresores. Conclusión. Todos los encuestados utilizan los hallazgos del DTC para guiar tratamientos o conductas. La mitad de los encuestados está poco conforme con la capacitación recibida.

Published
2021

200. Liquid Inclusion Collision and Agglomeration in Calcium-Treated Aluminum-Killed Steel

Author

Petrus Christiaan Pistorius, Mauro E. Ferreira, and Richard J. Fruehan

Subjects
Technology, Materials science, Argon, nonmetallic inclusions, Economies of agglomeration, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Aluminate, Metallurgy, Spinel, size distributions, chemistry.chemical_element, calcium treatment, engineering.material, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Aluminium, Agglomerate, engineering, Calcium aluminates, Inclusion (mineral), scanning electron microscopy, Monte Carlo simulation
Abstract

This work addresses conflicting results in the literature regarding liquid inclusion agglomeration. To assess whether liquid calcium aluminates do agglomerate in liquid steel, laboratory experiments were performed: melting electrolytic iron, deoxidizing the melt with aluminum and subsequently calcium treating the deoxidation products (alumina and magnesia-alumina spinel inclusions). Under laboratory conditions, solid spinels and alumina inclusions were successfully modified, producing a new population of much smaller calcium aluminate inclusions. The new population of inclusions forms because the presence of calcium in the liquid steel destabilizes alumina and MgO-alumina inclusions, which then dissolve into the melt. The liquid inclusions exhibited a weak but statistically significant tendency to agglomerate. Laboratory results were assessed in the light of different collision mechanisms. Agglomeration mainly occurs by Stokes and laminar fluid flow collision when no external stirring is imposed. Monte Carlo simulations of collisions agree reasonably well with experimental results. For industrial conditions, where the liquid steel is agitated by argon bubbling and/or electromagnetic stirring, turbulent collisions dominate.

Published
2021

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