197 results on '"KARA, Yunus"'
Search Results
152. Direct Synthesis of trans-1,4-Diacetoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene by Electrochemical Reduction of r-1,t-4-Diacetoxy-t-2,c-3-dibromocyclohex-5-ene
- Author
-
Kelebekli, Latif, primary, Demir, Ümit, additional, and Kara, Yunus, additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
153. Synthesis of new conduritol analogues derived from bicyclooctatriene: Bis-homo-conduritol-D and bis-homoconduritol-F
- Author
-
Kara, Yunus, primary, Balcı, Metin, additional, Bourne, Susan A., additional, and Watson, William H., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
154. Nucleophilic Reactivity of Ethers Against Terminal Epoxides in the Presence of BF3: A Mechanistic Study.
- Author
-
Kose, Aytekin, Altundas, Ramazan, Seçen, Hasan, and Kara, Yunus
- Abstract
In the presence of BF
3 , a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers reacted with epichlorohydrin and 2-[(benzyloxy)methyl]oxirane, two terminal epoxides, to afford 1-alkoxy-3-chloropropan-2-ol and 1-alkoxy-3-(benzyloxy)propan-2-ol. The cleavage of unsymmetrical ethers occurred via an SN 2 or SN 1 mechanism. Secondary epoxides did not give similar ring-opening products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
155. Synthesis of New Cantharimide Analogues Derived from 3-Sulfolene.
- Author
-
Tan, Ayse, Koc, Birgul, Sahin, Ertan, Kishali, Nurhan H., and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
BROMINATION ,HALOGENATION ,HETEROCYCLIC compounds ,ORGANIC chemistry research ,DEMECLOCYCLINE - Abstract
New types of norcantharimide analogues were prepared by three methods: epoxidation, photooxidation, and bromination. Epoxidation of deoxynorcantharimide with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid gave an isomeric mixture. The selective formation of the synisomers was attributed to dipole-dipole interactions between the peracid and imide moiety. Photooxidation of deoxynorcanthamide gave syn- and anti- hydroperoxide analogues through ene addition of singlet oxygen; the anti-hydroperoxide was the major product in this case, as a result of the steric effect of the imide ring. Bromination of deoxynorcantharimide and subsequent transformations gave a pyrrolidine and the phthalimide core structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
156. Reactions of 9,10-dioxatricyclo[6.2.2.01,6]dodeca-3,11-dien-6-yl hydroperoxide: synthesis of oxygenated naphthalene derivatives
- Author
-
Kishali, Nurhan Horasan and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
- *
DIMETHYL sulfide , *ALCOHOLS (Chemical class) , *KETONES , *EPOXY compounds - Abstract
Abstract: We synthesized 9,10-dioxatricyclo[6.2.2.01,6]dodeca-3,11-dien-6-yl hydroperoxide (7) and investigated for the first time its further chemical transformation with dimethylsulfide, NEt3, PPh3, and Co–TPP, respectively. A variety of stereospecifically oxygenated compounds were obtained from these reactions containing different functional groups such as alcohols, ketone, and epoxides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
157. Regio- and Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (2R*,3R*,4R*)-3,4-Dichloro-1,2,3,4,5,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl Acetate via Tandem SN2′ Reactions
- Author
-
Horasan-Kishali, Nurhan, Sahin, Ertan, and Kara, Yunus
- Abstract
The hydroperoxy endoperoxide 3, obtained by photooxygenation of isotetralin (= 1,4,5,8-tetrahydronaphthalene; 1), was reduced with thiourea, and the resulting intermediate 4 was converted, after acetylation with acetyl chloride, to the interesting, double-chlorinated acetate 5 in an unprecedented tandem reaction (Scheme 4;1). The structures and relative configurations of 3 and 5 were determined by NMR spectroscopy and by single-crystal X-ray-diffraction analyses (Figs. 4;1 and 2, resp.). A mechanistic rationalization for the conversion of 4 to 5 is proposed (Scheme 4;2).
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
158. 1,6-Metano (I0) annulen-2,5-dikinon'un diels-alder katılma reaksiyonları
- Author
-
Kara, Yunus, Balcı, Metin, and Diğer
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Bu çalışmada, 1, 6-metano [10] Annulen-2, 5-dikinon (34) sentezlenerek, çeşitli dien vs dienofillerla katılma reaksi yonları incelendi. Dikinon'un (34); singlet oksijen ( 0?), 4-fenii-l,2,4- triazolin-3,5-dion (PTAD) ve dimetilase tilendikarboksilat gi bi dienofillerle verdiği [2+4] Diels-Aldsr katılma reaksiyo nu sonucu oluşan ürünler izole edildi. Kuvvetli dienofil olan PTAD ve Op'nin dikinon'a (34) kolayca katıldığı gözlendi. Di- metilasetilendikarboksilat ise ısı ile daha uzun zamanda reaksiyona girdi. Singlet oksijenin katılma ürününün (49) düzenlenmesi ile tetrakinon'a (35) geçilmek istendi. Düzenlenme sonucu olu şan hidroksike tonun, hidroksil grubu ile karbonil grubu ara - sında oluşan hidrojen bağından dolayı yükseltgenme sağlanamadı. Dikinon'un (34); siklopentadien, 1-asetoksi-l, 3-bütadien ve 1,4-ase toksi-l,3-bütadien gibi dienlerle verdiği katılma reaksiyonları incelendi ve sadece siklopentadien ka tılma ürünü izole edildi. l-Asetoksi-l,3-bütaiien ve l,4-asetoksi-l,3-bütadien; benzokinon ile oda sıcaklığında reaksiyona girdikleri halde dikinon (34) ile yüksek sıcaklık ve basınçta reaksiyon vermedikleri gözlendi. In this work, 1,6 -me t ha no [lOJ annulene-2,5-diquinone (34) has been synthesited and submitted to Diels-Alder reac tions with several dienophiles and dienes. The reaction of diquinone (34) with dienophiles such as 02, 4-phenyl-l,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD), and di methyl acetylenedicarboxylate resulted in the formation of the addition products. Powerfull dienophiles PTAD and 0? reacted smoothly. However, higher temperatures and long time were necassary for dimethylacetyhendicarboxylate. The synthesis of tetraquinone (35) was attempted using the rearranged product of singlet oxygen-adduct. Oxydation of the hydroxyketone (50) formed by basecatalyzed rearrangement of (50) could not be achieved because of the strong hydrogen-bonding between the carbonyl group and hydroxyl group. Diquinone (34) was reacted with dienes such as 1- acethoxy-l,3-butadieno, l,4-diacethoxy-l,3-butadiene, and cyclopentadiene and only in the case of cyclopentadiene, an addition product was isolated. l-Acethoxy-l,3-butadiene and l,4-diacethoxy-l,3- butadiene reacted with p-quinone at room temperature smoothly. However, with diquinone (34) no product could be observed even at high temperature and high pressure. 54
- Published
- 1987
159. An Intramolecular Substitution of Hydroperoxy-endoperoxide to a Bis-endoperoxide
- Author
-
(Horasan) Kishali, Nurhan, Sahin, Ertan, and Kara, Yunus
- Abstract
A new and stereospecific synthesis for bis-endoperoxide has been developed starting from tetrahydronaphthalene. Photooxygenation of tetrahydronaphthalene resulted in the formation of hydroperoxy-endoperoxide. The bromination reaction of hydroperoxy-endoperoxide gave bis-endoperoxide, whose exact configuration has been determined by X-ray analysis. The lowest-energy conformer of bis-endoperoxide is the boat-chair form.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
160. (1 SR,2 SR,3 SR,4 RS,5 RS,6 RS,7 SR,8 RS)-7,8-Dichlorobicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate.
- Author
-
Kelebekli, Latif, Kara, Yunus, Balci, Metin, and Şahin, Ertan
- Subjects
- *
BICYCLIC compounds , *CYCLOHEXANE , *CYCLOBUTANE , *CONFORMATIONAL analysis , *ORGANIC compounds , *STEREOCHEMISTRY - Abstract
In the title compound, C16H20Cl2O8, the bicyclic system contains a central non-planar cyclohexane ring which is fused to a cyclobutane moiety. The cyclohexane ring has a chair conformation and the whole system adopts a syn conformation. The structure provides information on the stereochemical course of the chlorination, photo-oxidation and hydroxylation steps of the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
161. Regio- and Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (2R*,3R*,4R*)-3,4-Dichloro-1,2,3,4,5,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl Acetate via Tandem SN2' Reactions
- Author
-
Horasan-Kishali, Nurhan, Sahin, Ertan, and Kara, Yunus
- Abstract
No Abstract
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
162. Supporting living together: Group work on animal rights for children
- Author
-
Yunus Kara and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Group Work ,Health (social science) ,Animal Rights ,Animal Love ,Child ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Education - Abstract
With this group work, which includes activities for animal rights, it is aimed that children can raise awareness about animal rights and interact with animals. The research was carried out as a pretest-posttest experimental study in order to evaluate the effect of group work on children receiving counselling and training from a Guidance and Research Center in Istanbul. The study group of the research between May 2022 and June 2022 consists of 20 children (10 in the experimental group, 10 in the control group) between the ages of 11–12 and continuing their education in Istanbul. In addition to the Personal Information Form, which included questions such as gender, age, education status, number of siblings, socio-economic levels, and status of living with pets, the Oney Animal Love Scale and Scale of Behaviour for Animals were administered to the study group as pretest-posttest. The group work was held on Saturdays at 13:00, consisted of six sessions, and in each session, activities for socialization, animal rights and child–animal interaction were carried out. The collected data were analysed in the SPSS 22.0 package program. At the end of the group work, it was observed that there was a positive significant difference in the total scores of the Oney Animal Love and Scale of Behaviour for Animals of the children in the experimental group.
- Published
- 2023
163. LGBTQIA+ People Access to Social Services during the Pandemic in Turkey
- Author
-
Yunus Kara, Sevcan Tiftik, Halim Kır, Hatice Demir, Mustafa Sarıyılmaz, Ayşe Sezen Serpen, and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Pandemic ,Sociology and Political Science ,Sexual Orientation ,COVID-19 ,Gender Identity ,LGBTQIA+ Issues in Social Services ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Social Services - Abstract
LGBTQIA+ people are often subjected to prejudice, discrimination, and violence in many societies. This sets a barrier for LGBTQIA+ people access to social services. This study was conducted to investigate LGBTQIA+ people access to social services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study findings using convenience sampling and exploration design with participants who identify themselves as LGBTQIA+ (N = 856) show that vast majority of LGBTQIA+ people living in Turkey faced serious problems with accessing social services like housing, social assistance, psycho-social support, and post-violence support mechanisms. Future studies which will investigate experiences of LGBTQIA+ people access to social services will help to make the needs and the problems of the LGBTQIA+ community visible and once awareness is made efforts can be made that contribute to the solution.
- Published
- 2022
164. EKOLOJİK KRİZ VE ANKSİYETE: YENİ BİR KAVRAM OLARAK EKO-ANKSİYETE
- Author
-
Yunus KARA and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Social ,Ecology ,Anksiyete ,Anxiety,Ecology,Ecology Crisis,Eco-Anxiety ,Ekoloji ,Ekolojik Kriz ,General Medicine ,Anxiety ,anksiyete,ekoloji,ekolojik kriz,eko-anksiyete ,Sosyal ,Eko-Anksiyete ,Ecology Crisis ,Eco-Anxiety - Abstract
Eko-anksiyete, ekolojik kriz, iklim krizi ve çevresel felaketler bağlamında tartışılan ve üzerine araştırmalar yapılan bir konudur. Eko-anksiyeteye dair özellikle ülkemizde çok sınırlı sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Çeşitli disiplinlerden görüşleri ve yaklaşımları bir araya getiren eko-anksiyete kavramı, belirsizlik, ön görülemezlik, kontrol edilemezlik, keder, utanç, suçluluk ve travma gibi terimlerle birlikte anılabilmektedir. Eko-anksiyete, dünyanın ve içinde yaşayan tüm canlıların geleceğinden emin olamama ve iklim krizine bağlı olarak yaşanabilecek ekolojik felaketlerden endişe duyma durumu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Eko-anksiyetenin karmaşık olabileceği ve toplumsal baskılardan ve faktörlerden etkilenebileceği, hatta bunların bir sonucu olabileceğini unutmamak önem taşımaktadır. Bu makalede, anksiyete ile ilgili farklı kavramlara ve yaklaşımlara yer verilerek ekolojik kriz ile ilgili önemli bir sorun olan eko-anksiyete kavramına açıklık getirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır., Eco-anxiety is a topic that has been discussed and researched in the context of ecological crisis, climate crisis and environmental disasters. There are very limited studies on eco-anxiety, especially in our country. The concept of eco-anxiety, which brings together views and approaches from various disciplines, can be mentioned together with terms such as uncertainty, unpredictability, uncontrollability, grief, shame, guilt and trauma. Eco-anxiety is defined as the state of being unsure about the future of the world and all living things and being worried about ecological disasters that may occur due to the climate crisis. It is important to remember that eco-anxiety can be complex and affected by social pressures and factors and may even be a result of these. In this article, it is aimed to clarify the concept of eco-anxiety, which is an important problem related to the ecological crisis, by giving place to different concepts and approaches related to anxiety.
- Published
- 2022
165. The effects of emotion-based group work on psychosocial functions of LGBT people
- Author
-
Duyan, Veli and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Emotion ,Group Work ,LGBT ,İntergroup Emotions Theory ,Psychosocial Functions - Abstract
The study aims to measure the effects of emotion-based group work containing approaches from the intergroup emotions theory on LGBT people where live in Turkey to provide emotion regulation and improve psychosocial functioning. 20 LGBT people (10 participants in experimental group, 10 participants in control group) were included for group work. The Need for Affect Scale (NAS) was implemented to both groups before and after the group work. After the group work, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups. It was observed that emotion-based group work was effective in increasing the expression and the experience of LGBT people’s positive emotions and improved their psychosocial functioning.
- Published
- 2022
166. A comparative analysis of violence against women: From witch hunts to femicide in Turkey
- Author
-
Yunus KARA and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Kadın Cinayetleri ,Toplumsal cinsiyet ,Witches ,Femicide ,witch hunts,witchcraft,femicide,gender,Witches,witch hunts,witchcraft,femicide,violence against women,gender ,Witch hunts ,cadı avları,cadılık,kadın cinayetleri,toplumsal cinsiyet,Cadılar,cadı avları,cadılık,kadın cinayetleri,kadına yönelik şiddet,toplumsal cinsiyet ,Violence Against Women ,Gender ,Witch Hunts ,Violence against women ,Cadılar ,Cadı avları ,Kadına Yönelik Şiddet ,Social ,Cadılık ,Kadın cinayetleri ,Witchcraft ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Toplumsal Cinsiyet ,Sosyal ,Kadına yönelik şiddet ,General Environmental Science ,Cadı Avları - Abstract
Cadı avları, cadı veya büyücü olduğuna inanılan kimselerin suçlanması, yakalanması ve yargılanmadan cezalandırılmasıdır. Cadılığın, başka bir kişinin sağlığını, davranışını etkilemek ya da sosyal bir probleme neden olmak için gerçekleştirildiğine inanılmaktadır. Kadınların cadı olarak suçlanması ve damgalanması, temelini, kadın düşmanı ve ataerkillik üzerine inşa edilmiş köklü batıl inançlardan ve sistemlerden almaktadır. Küreselleşme, sömürgeleştirme ve kapitalizm gibi farklı ekonomik ve politik durumlarla kadına yönelik şiddet artarak devam etmekte ve meşrulaştırılmaktadır. Böylece kadınları “cadılaştıran” politikalar ile kadın bedeni yeniden inşa edilerek, ataerkil ideolojiler kendi sistemlerini sürdürmeye uygun bir algı oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’de ismi konulmuş bir “cadılık” olgusu bulunmamasına rağmen kadınlar şiddete maruz bırakılmakta, işkence görmekte ve öldürülmektedir. Kadınların “cadı” olarak adlandırılıp “cadılık” ile suçlandıkları gözlemlenmese de Türkiye’de kadınlara yönelik bir “cadı avı” gerçekleştirildiği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, cadı avlarına ilişkin uluslararası karşılaştırmalı literatür incelenerek, kadın cinayetlerinin Türkiye bağlamında değerlendirilmesi planlanmaktadır., Witch hunts are the accusation, arrest, and punishment of people believed to be witches or wizards without trial. Witchcraft is believed to be practiced to affect another person's health, behavior, or cause a social problem. The accusation and stigma of women as witches is rooted in deep-rooted superstitions and systems built on misogyny and patriarchy. Violence against women increasingly continues and is legitimized by different economic and political situations such as globalization, colonization and capitalism. Thus, by reconstructing the woman body with policies that "witching" women, patriarchal ideologies create a perception suitable for maintaining their own systems. Although there is no named "witchcraft" phenomenon in Turkey, women are exposed to violence, tortured and killed. Although it is not observed that women are called "witches" and accused of "witchcraft", it is thought that a "witch hunt" for women is carried out in Turkey. In this study, it is planned to evaluate femicide in the context of Turkey by examining the international comparative literature on witch hunts
- Published
- 2021
167. An anomalous addition of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to a carbonyl group: the synthesis of ((3aS,7aR,E)-2-ethyl-3-oxo-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-isoindol-1-ylidene)sulfamoyl chloride
- Author
-
Ertan Şahin, Aytekin Köse, Uğur Bozkaya, Yunus Kara, Aslı Ünal, Kimya, Sabire Yazıcı Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, and [Kose, Aytekin] Aksaray Univ, Dept Chem, TR-68100 Aksaray, Turkey -- [Unal, Ash -- Bozkaya, Ugur] Hacettepe Univ, Dept Chem, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey -- [Sahin, Ertan -- Kara, Yunus] Ataturk Univ, Dept Chem, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Subjects
Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate ,Addition reaction ,addition reaction ,Organic Chemistry ,Medicinal chemistry ,Carbonyl group ,Chloride ,Crystal ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,medicine ,Product formation ,lcsh:Q ,chlorosulfonyl isocyanate ,lcsh:Science ,sulfamoyl chloride ,medicine.drug ,theoretical calculations - Abstract
WOS: 000465322800001, PubMed: 31164929, In this study, we developed a new addition reaction of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI), starting from 2-ethyl-3a, 4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H- isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione. The addition reaction of CSI with 2-ethyl-3a, 4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione resulted in the formation of ylidenesulfamoyl chloride, whose exact configuration was determined by X-ray crystal analysis. We explain the mechanism of product formation supported by theoretical calculations., Department of Chemistry; Ataturk University; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-116Z506], The authors are indebted to Department of Chemistry and Ataturk University for financial support. This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-116Z506).
- Published
- 2019
168. The importance of social work profession in provision of prevention health services
- Author
-
Canatan Gençer, Çiğdem, Er, Filiz, Barut, Berçem, and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Social Work ,Toplum Sağlığı ,Koruyucu Sağlık Hizmetleri ,Macro Social Work ,Preventive Health Services ,Sosyal Hizmet ,Public Health ,Makro Sosyal Hizmet - Abstract
Birinci basamakta sunulan sağlık hizmetleri, koruyucu, önleyici ve tedavi edici hizmetler açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri sunan birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri, insan ve toplum sağlığını etkileyen fiziksel ya da ruhsal hastalıklar oluşmadan evvel önleme amaçlı verilen hizmetleri açıklamaktadır. Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri, toplumun tüm kesimlerine hizmet sunması açısından önemli olup, sağlık hizmetlerinin gerçekleştirilebilmesinde sosyal hizmet mesleği için kritik bir konumdadır. Ayrıca sosyal hizmet müdahalelerinin toplumsal sorunların analiz edilmesi ve bu sorunlara yönelik çözümler geliştirmesi, birinci basamak koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumu ile paralellik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın ilk amacı Türkiye’de topluma yönelik birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri sunan toplum sağlığı merkezlerinin incelenmesi ve ilgili alandaki çalışmaların derlenmesidir. İkinci amaç ise, sağlık alanında toplumla çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanının rollerinin ve işlevlerinin tanımlanması ve konuyla ilgili politika önerilerine yer verilmesidir. Çalışma kapsamındaki politika önerileri; özellikle sağlık kurumlarında ve yasalarında, toplum sağlığı alanında çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının rol ve sorumluluklarının açık ve detaylı bir şekilde belirtilmesi, toplum sağlığı merkezlerindeki müdahalelerin ve uygulamaların, sosyal hizmet uygulamaları dikkate alınarak gerçekleştirilmesi ve bahsi geçen merkezlerin sayısının artırılarak, bu merkezlerde disiplinler arası çalışmalara önem verilmesi şeklindedir. Health services provided in primary care are of great importance in terms of preventive, preventive and therapeutic services. Primary health care services that provide preventive health services describe the services provided for preventive purposes before physical or mental diseases that affect human and public health occur. Primary health care services are important in terms of providing services to all segments of the society and are critical for the social work profession in the realization of health services. In addition, social service interventions analyze social problems and develop solutions for these problems parallel with the provision of primary health care services. The first objective of this offering primary health services for the community in Turkey, the work of community health centers is compiled and analyzed the studies in related fields. The second aim is to define the roles and functions of the social worker working with the community in the field of health and to include policy recommendations on the subject. Policy recommendations within the scope of the study; a clear and detailed description of the roles and responsibilities of social workers working in the field of public health in health institutions and laws; and implementation of interventions and practices in community health centers by taking social work practices into consideration, increasing the number of mentioned centers, and giving importance to interdisciplinary studies in the centers.
- Published
- 2021
169. Thınkıng ecopsychology ın socıal work practıce
- Author
-
Er, Filiz, Canatan, Çiğdem, Barut, Berçem, and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Social Work ,Ekopsikoloji ,Ecology ,İnsan ,Doğa ,Ekoloji ,Sosyal Hizmet ,Ecopsychology ,Nature ,Human - Abstract
İnsanlığın doğa ve çevre ile kurduğu iletişimin ve etkileşiminin tarihsel bir sürece dayandığını ve süreklilik barındırdığını söylemek mümkündür. Bireylerin bedensel, ruhsal, bilişsel ve sosyal iyilik halleri yaşadıkları çevre ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu ilişki doğa ve insanın aktif-pasif konumlarındaki değişikliklerle de karakterizedir. Tam bu noktada, insan ve çevre arasındaki etkileşime odaklanan ve insanların doğal çevre ile yerleşik bir bağlantısı olduğu fikrine dayanan ekopsikoloji kavramı karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ekopsikoloji insanların bir parçası oldukları doğal çevreleri ile kurduğu bağlantıyı keşfetmelerine ve bu bağlantıyı insan-çevre odaklı karşılıklı işlevselliğe dönüştürmeye yardımcı olmayı amaçlamaktadır. Doğa ile bağlantıların yeniden şekillendirilmesi ve işlevsellik kazandırılması, çevresi içinde birey yaklaşımının önemli olduğu sosyal hizmet disiplini açısından da dikkate değerdir. Bu çalışma ekopsikolojiyi ve amaçladıklarını sosyal hizmet uygulamalarında göz önünde bulundurulmasını ve sunacağı katkıları ele almaktadır. It is possible to say that the communication and interaction of humanity with nature and the environment is based on a historical process and has continuity. The physical, mental, cognitive and social well-being of individuals is directly related to the environment in which they live. This relationship is also characterized by changes in the active and passive positions of nature and man. At this point, we come across the concept of eco-psychology, which focuses on the interaction between man and the environment and is based on the idea that humans have an established connection with the natural environment. Ecopsychology aims to help people discover the connection they have with the natural environment they are a part of and to turn this connection into human-environment oriented mutual functionality. Reshaping and functionalizing connections with nature is also remarkable in terms of social work discipline, in which the individual’s approach is important. This study discusses ecopsychology and what it aims to consider in social work practices and its contributions.
- Published
- 2020
170. Novel and enantioselective syntheses of (R)- and (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid: a synthon for sitagliptin and its derivatives
- Author
-
Fistikci, Meryem, Gundogdu, Ozlem, Aktas, Derya, Secen, Hasan, Sahin, M. Fethi, Altundas, Ramazan, and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
- *
ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis , *CARBOXYLIC acids , *CHEMICAL synthesis , *IODOBENZENE , *ALCOHOLS (Chemical class) , *PROLINE , *CHEMICAL reduction , *ENANTIOMERS - Abstract
Abstract: A new synthetic strategy for (R)- and (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid, a building block in the preparation of sitagliptin and its derivatives, was developed. Pd(OAc)2 catalyzed coupling of 2,4,5-trifluoro-1-iodobenzene with allyl alcohol gave 3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propanal in a yield of 95%. l-Proline catalyzed reaction of the 3-phenylpropanal (in only 1.2 molar equiv) with nitrosobenzene followed by reduction with NaBH4 and Pd/C catalyzed hydrogenation gave (R)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propane-1,2-diol with >99% ee and 65% yield. Selective tosylation of primary hydroxyl group of the 1,2-propandiol unit followed by cyanide displacement afforded (R)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanenitrile (80%). The nitrile was converted to the title β-hydroxy acid under basic hydrolysis in a yield of 90%. Thus, (R)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid was prepared enantioselectively from the starting material in four steps and 45% overall yield. The reaction sequence was repeated with d-proline as the catalyst to give (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid in 45% overall yield and >99% enantiomeric excess. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
171. 1,2-Dibromo-5-(4-tolylsulfonyl)-2,2a,4a,5,7a,7b-hexahydro-1 H-7-oxa-5-azacyclobuta[ e]inden-6-one.
- Author
-
Şahin, Ertan, Kelebekli, Latif, Kara, Yunus, Çelik, Murat, and Balci, Metin
- Subjects
- *
COMPLEX compounds , *CHEMICAL structure , *PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry , *CYCLOHEXANE , *CYCLOBUTANE , *OXAZOLES , *BROMINE - Abstract
The title compound C16H15Br2NO4S, contains a central cyclohexene ring with cyclobutane and oxazolidinone groups fused to it. All the substituents, including the oxazolidinone group and the bromine atoms, are on the same side of the fused four- and six-membered rings ( syn conformation). The two bromine atoms are cis to each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
172. Ksantin oksidaz inhibitörü beş üyeli heterohalka içeren n-sübstitüe izoindol-1,3-dion türevlerinin sentezi
- Author
-
Kizilkaya, Serap, Kara, Yunus, Tan, Ayşe, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
N-sübstitüe izoindol-1,3-dion türevleri potansiyel biyolojik aktiviteye sahip heterosiklik bileşiklerdir. Bu bileşikler güçlü farmakolojik öneme sahip olmalarından dolayı özellikle ilaç endüstrisinde geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Böylece, biyolojik aktif pek çok bileşiğin iskelet yapısında bulunan 1,2,3-triazol, 1H-tetrazol, 1Н-tetrazol-5-tiyol gibi beş üyeli heterohalka içeren yeni hibrit izoindol-1,3-dion türevlerinin sentezi ve biyolojik aktivitesi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu amaçla, beş üyeli heterohalkalı (1,2,3-triazol, 1H-tetrazol, 1Н-tetrazol-5-tiyol) birimleri içeren yeni N-sübstitüe izoindol-1,3-dion türevleri sentezlendi ve yapıları spektroskopik yöntemlerle belirlendi. Sentezlenen türevlerin Ksantin Oksidaz (XO) enzimi üzerine in vitro inhibisyon etkileri incelendi. 1,2,3-triazol yapısı içeren sistemlerin 1H-tetrazol ve 1H-tetrazol-5-tiyol sistemi içeren türevlere göre çok daha iyi XO inhibitörü olduğu belirlendi. 1,2,3-Triazol türevlerinin potansiyel XO inhibitörü adayı olabileceği elde edilen sonuçlar ile desteklendi. N-substituted isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives are heterocyclic compounds exhibiting potential biological activity. Due to their strong pharmacological importance, these compounds are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry in particular. It is therefore important to investigate the synthesis of isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives fused with five-membered heterocyclic structures (1,2,3-triazole, 1H-tetrazole, and 1Н-tetrazole-5-thiol) all of which are situated in the skeletal structure of many biologically active compounds, and their effects on biological activity. To this end, novel N-substituted isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives containing five-membered heterocycle units (1,2,3-triazole, 1H-tetrazole, and 1Н-tetrazole-5-thiol) were synthesized and their structures determined using various spectroscopic methods. We investigated the in vitro inhibition effects of synthesized derivatives on the Xanthine Oxidase (XO) enzyme and found systems containing 1,2,3-triazole structures were to be much better XO inhibitors than derivatives containing 1H-tetrazole and 1H-tetrazole-5-thiol system. Accordingly, our findings indicate that 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are potential XO inhibitor candidates. 113
- Published
- 2019
173. A case study: social work practice in for child who have ıntellectual disabilities
- Author
-
Yunus Kara and Kara, Yunus
- Subjects
Intellectual disabilities,school social work,social work practice ,Social Work ,Sosyal Çalışma ,Okul Sosyal Hizmeti ,School Social Work ,General Medicine ,Zihinsel Yeti Yitimi ,Sosyal Hizmet Uygulaması ,Social Work Practice ,Okul sosyal hizmeti,Sosyal hizmet uygulaması,Zihinsel yeti yitimi ,Aile Çalışmaları ,Eğitim, Eğitim Araştırmaları ,Sosyoloji ,Intellectual Disabilities - Abstract
Bu makalede zihinselyeti yitimi olan çocuğa yönelik uygulanan sosyal hizmet müdahale süreçleri elealınmıştır. Çalışma yapılan vaka T.K. on dört yaşında olup, ortaokul yedincisınıfta kaynaştırma öğrencisidir. Eğitimine devam etmekteyken davranışproblemleri göstermesi ve öğretmenlerinin onu kendi sınıflarında istememesiüzerine okulun özel eğitim sınıfına yönlendirilmiş ve eğitimine burada devametmesi sağlanmıştır. Özel eğitim sınıfındaki akademik başarısı ve davranışörüntüleri takip edilmiş, bu süreç içerisinde kendisiyle ve ailesiylegörüşülmüş; birey, aile ve toplum düzeyinde neler yapılabileceği üzerindedurulmuştur. Vaka, genelci sosyal hizmet yaklaşımı açısından ele alınarak,T.K.’nın içe ve dışa dönük davranış problemlerinin çözümlenmesi için okulsosyal hizmetinin uygulamaya geçirilmesi ve diğer alternatif sosyal hizmetmodelleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir., The social work intervention processes applied on a child with mentaldisability is discussed in this article. In the discussed case, T.K. isfourteen years old and is an inclusive student in the seventh grade ofsecondary education. Because he had behavioural in class and his teachers didnot want him in their class, he was directed to the special education class ofthe school and he was ensured to continue his education there. The academicsuccess and behavioural patterns of the special education class have beenfollowed, during this period, he and his family were interviewed and what canbe done at individual, family and community levels has been discussed. The casewas evaluated in terms of general social work approach and the implementationof school social work and other alternative social work models in order tosolve the problems of the T.K.’s attitude towards inward and outward behaviour.
- Published
- 2019
174. 2- ve 3- aminobutirolaktonların grignard reaktifleri ile açılma reaksiyonları
- Author
-
Turhan, Pinar, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Amino asitlerin pek çoğu, gösterdikleri biyolojik ve toksikolojik özellikleri nedeniyle, eczacılar ve organik kimyacılar tarafından hedef moleküller olarak görülmektedir. Amino asitlerin asimetrik sentezleri her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Asimetrik sentez için uygulanan yöntemlerden birisi de kiral yardımcılar kullanılarak yapılan sentezlerdir. Kiral yardımcı maddelerin ve doğal ürünlerin sentezinde çoğu zaman proteinojenik olmayan α-amino asitler başlangıç maddeleri olarak kullanılmaktadır.Bu çalışmada, amino asit 17 türevlerinin öncü bileşikleri amino keto alkollerin asimetrik sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Başlangıç bileşikleri olan kirallaktonlar 45b ve 55 aspartik asit ve metiyoninden çıkılarak sentezlendi. Lakton bileşiklerinin farklı Grignard reaktifleri ile ılıman koşullar altında halka açılma reaksiyonları incelendi. 2/3-amino-4-hidroksi-1-aril/alkilbütan-1-on ve 2/3-amino-1,1-aril/alkilbütan-1,4-diol türevleri elde edildi. Bu reaksiyonlarda, ürün dağılımını etkileyen parametreler araştırıldı. Bu parametrelerin sterik etki, nükleofilite ve ekivalent miktardan kaynaklandığı belirlendi. Many of the amino acid sare regarded as target molecules by pharmacists and organic chemists because of their biological and toxicological properties. Asymmetric synthesis of amino acids gainim portance day by day. One of the methods used for asymmetric synthesis is synthesis using chiral auxiliaries. Non-proteinogenic α-amino acid sare often used as startingmaterials in the synthesis of chiral auxiliaries and natural products.Inthisstudy, asymmetric synthesis of amino keto alcohols of precursor compounds of amino acid 17 derivatives was performed. Chiral lactones, starting compounds 45b and 55 were synthesized starting from aspartic acid and methionine. Ring opening reactions of lactone compounds with different Grignard reagent sunder mild conditions were investigated. 2/3-Amino-4-hydroxy-1-aryl/alkylbutan-1-one and 2/3-amino-1,1-diaryl/alkylbutane-1,4-diol derivatives were obtained. In these reactions, parameter saffecting product distribution were in vestigated. These parameters were determined to be dueto steric effect, nucleophilicity and equivalen tamount. 72
- Published
- 2019
175. Sitagliptin'in yapısını oluşturan (R)-3-amino-4-(2,4,5 triflorofenil)bütanoik asit'in yeni bir yöntemle asimetrik sentezi
- Author
-
Köse, Aytekin, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Sitagliptin, dipeptidilpeptidaz-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitörüdür ve kiral bir β-amino asit ve triazolopirazin biriminden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sitagliptin bileşiğinin ana yapısını oluşturan (R)-3-amino-4-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)bütanoik asit'in asimetrik sentezi için yeni bir metot geliştirildi. Sentez için kiral başlangıç bileşiği kullanıldı ve böylece kiral merkez başlangıç aşamasında moleküle yerleştirildi. Uygulanan yöntemle, (S)-serin molekülünden çıkılarak sitagliptin bileşiğinin yapısını oluşturan β-amino asit birimi on kademelik toplam sentez ve %30 luk toplam verimle sentezlendi. Bu toplam sentezin anahtar kademesini tert-butil (R)-2-(((tert-butildifenilsilil)oksi)metil)aziridin-1-karboksilat bileşiğinin 2,4,5-triflorofenil magnezyum bromür ile (R)-2-amino-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)propan-1-ol'ün sentezi için verdiği halka açılma reaksiyonu oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu kademenin optimum koşulları belirlendi. Halka açılma reaksiyonundan amino alkol yüksek verimle (%93) elde edildi. Daha sonra, amino alkol bileşiğine uygulanan kimyasal transformasyonlar ile hedeflenen β-amino asit bileşiğinin sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Sitagliptin is dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor and consists of a chiral β-amino acid and triazolopyrazine unit. In this work, a new method for the asymmetric synthesis of the (R)-3-amino-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid which constitutes the main structure of the Sitagliptin compound was developed. In the synthesis, the chiral starting compound was used thereby placed the chiral center within the molecule during the starting phase. Starting from (S)-serine, -amino acid building block of sitagliptin was synthesized in ten steps and with an overall yield of 30%. The crucial step of the total synthesis was the ring-opening of (R)-aziridine-2-ylmethanol with 2,4,5-trifluorophenyl magnesium bromide to give (R)-2-amino-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propan-1-ol. For this reason, the optimum conditions for this stage have been determined. From the ring opening reaction, the amino alcohol was obtained in high yield (93%). Subsequently, the synthesis of the targeted β-amino acid compound was carried out by chemical transformations applied to the amino alcohol compound. 134
- Published
- 2017
176. Sitagliptin'in sharpless epoksidasyon yöntemi ile sentezi
- Author
-
Anil, Derya, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Sitagliptin dipeptidil peptidaz inhibitörüdür ve Tip 2 diyabet hastalığının tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Sitagliptin molekülü amino asit ve triazol olmak üzere iki birimden oluşmaktadır. Molekülün ana iskelet yapısı β-amino asit birimidir. Bu nedenle, Sitagliptin'in sentezinde β-amino asit biriminin sentezi önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, β-amino asit biriminin öncüsü (S)-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)propan-1,2-diol ve (S)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)bütanoik asit sentezlendi. Bu amaçla, 2,4,5-triflorobenzaldehit bileşiğinden çıkılarak (E)-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)prop-2-en-1-ol bileşiği elde edildi. Bu bileşiğin Sharpless asimetrik epoksidasyon reaksiyonundan ((2R,3R)-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)oksiran-2-il)metanol % 95 er değeri ile sentezlendi. ((2R,3R)-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)oksiran-2-il)metanol'ün hidrojenlenmesi ile önemli asit öncü bileşiği (S)-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)propan-1,2-diol % 47 toplam verim ile dört kademede elde edildi. İkinci aşamada, (S)-3-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)propan-1,2-diol bileşiğinden metil(S)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)bütanoat dört kademelik reaksiyon sonucu sentezlendi. Böylece, kiral katalizör kullanılarak (S)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorofenil)bütanoat toplam % 24 verim ile yedi kademede % 95 er değeri ile elde edildi. Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Sitagliptin consists of two units, amino acid and triazole. The main skeletal structure of the molecule is the β-amino acid unit. The synthesis of the β-amino acid unit plays an important role in the synthesis of Sitagliptin. In this study, (S)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl) propane-1,2-diol and (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid, the precursor of β-amino acid unit were synthesized. For this purpose, ((2R,3R)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl)methanol was obtained from 2,4,5-trifluorobenzaldehyde. Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction of this compound gave to ((2R,3R)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl) methanol with % 95 enantiomeric ratio. (S)-3- (2,4,5-trifluorophenyl) propane-1,2-diol which is an important the precursor of acid was obtained from hydrogenation reaction of ((2R,3R)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl) methanol in 47% overall yield and in four steps. In the second stage, methyl (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoate was synthesized from the (S)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propane-1,2-diol in four steps. Thus, using the chiral catalyst, (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoate was obtained with 24 % overall yield in seven steps. The target compound (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoate obtained with % 95 enantiomeric ratio. 129
- Published
- 2017
177. Β-amino asit ve 2-aril tetrahidrofuran türevlerinin sentezi
- Author
-
Gündoğdu, Özlem, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
β-amino asitler biyolojik aktivite gösteren bileşiklerdir. Birçok doğal bileşiğin yapısında bulunurlar. β-amino asitler proteinlerin yapılarına katılmazlar ve birçok hastalığın tedavisinde ilaç olarak kullanılırlar. Bu tez kapsamında β-amino asit 147 türevlerinin asimetrik sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Literatürde sentezi bilinen kiral lakton 132a ilgili amino asitlerden başlanarak sentezlendi. Sentezlenen lakton bileşiği 132a farklı Grignard bileşiği ile uygun koşullar altında halka açılma reaksiyonlarından keton bileşiği (2-amino-4-hidroksi-1-fenilbütan-1-on) 147 ve türevleri elde edildi. Alkol grubunun yükseltgenmesiyle ilgili amino asit bileşiği elde edildi. Ayrıca Grignard reaktiflerinin tetrahidrofuran (THF) ile kenetleme reaksiyonları incelendi ve reaksiyon mekanizması tartışıldı. β-amino acids are compounds that show biological activity. They are key compounds of many natural products. β-amino acids do not add to the structure of proteins and because of this feature they are used as medicine for the treatment of many illnesses.In this study, the asymmetric syntheses of β-amino acid 147 derivatives will be carried out. The chiral lactones 132a that is known in the literature were synthesized starting from the corresponding amino acids. These synthesized lactone 132a compounds were reacted with different aryl magnesium halides under the proper conditions to yield either of the following ring opening compounds: 2-amino-4-hydroxy-1-phenylbutane-1-one 147 and derivatives. The oxidation of the alcohol group in the compounds were gave the corresponding amino acids. Additionally the coupling reaction of Grignard reagent with tetrahydrofuran (THF) were examined and their mechanisms were discussed. 137
- Published
- 2016
178. (R)- ve (S)-4-(2,4,5-Triflorfenil)-3-hidroksibütanoik asit in yeni bir yöntemle enantiyoselektif sentezi
- Author
-
Fistikçi Eşsiz, Meryem, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Sitagliptin ve türevlerinin hazırlanmasında bir yapı bloğu olan (R)- ve (S)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)-bütanoik asit in sentezi için yeni bir strateji geliştirilmiş ve allil alkol ile 2,4,5-triflor-1-iyotbenzen?in Pd(OAc)2 katalizörlüğünde coupling reaksiyonu sonucu 3-(2,4,5-triflor)fenilpropanal %95 verimle elde edilmiştir. Nitrozobenzen ile 3-(2,4,5-triflor)fenilpropanal?ın L-Prolin katalizörlüğünde reaksiyonu, NaBH4 ile indirgeme reaksiyonu ve ardından Pd/C katalizörlüğünde hidrojenasyonu sonucu (R)-3-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)-propan-1,2-diol >%99 ee (enantiyomerik aşırılık) ve %65 verimle elde edilmiştir. 1,2-propandiol biriminin primer hidroksil grubunun selektif tosilasyonu ve nitril grubuyla sübstitüsyonu ile (R)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)bütannitril %80 verimle elde edildi. Nitril, bazik hidroliz ile hedef bileşik olan ?-hidroksi asit?e %90 verimle dönüştürülmüştür. Böylece, (R)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)-bütanoik asit, çıkış bileşiğinden dört kademede %45 toplam verim ile enantiyoselektif olarak hazırlanmıştır. Oluşturulan reaksiyon şartları D-prolin katalizörü kullanılarak tekrarlandı ve (S)-3-hidroksi-4-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)-bütanoik asit %45 toplam verim ve >%99 ee ile sentezlenmiştir. A new synthetic strategy for (R)- and (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid, a building block in the preparation of sitagliptin and its derivatives, was developed. Pd(OAc)2 catalyzed coupling of 2,4,5-trifluoro-1-iodobenzene with allyl alcohol gave 3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propanal in a yield of 95%. L-Proline catalyzed reaction of 3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propanal with nitrosobenzene followed by reduction with NaBH4 and Pd/C catalyzed hydrogenation gave (R)-3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)propane-1,2-diol with >99% ee (enantiomeric excess) and 65% yield. Selective tosylation of primary hydroxyl group of the 1,2-propandiol unit followed by cyanide displacement afforded (R)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanenitrile (80%). The nitrile was converted to the title ß-hydroxy acid under basic hydrolysis in a yield of 90%. Thus, (R)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid was prepared enantioselectively from the starting material in four steps and 45% overall yield. The reaction sequence was repeated with D-Proline as the catalyst to give (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid in 45% overall yield and >99% enantiomeric excess. 160
- Published
- 2013
179. Yeni norkantarimit türevlerinin sentezi
- Author
-
Tan, Ayşe, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Kantaridin, Blister böceklerinden izole edilmiş oldukça güçlü biyolojik aktiviteye sahip doğal bir bileşiktir. Kantaridinin, demetile analoğu norkantaridin ve N-sübstitüe türevi norkantarimit bileşiklerinin de biyolojik aktivitesi kanıtlanmıştır. Bu nedenle, norkantarimit türevi olan izoindolin-1,3-dion bileşikleri günümüzde sentetik organik kimyacıların dikkatini çeken önemli bileşiklerdir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle 3-sülfolenden çıkarak, bir seri deoksinorkantarimit türevi bileşiğin sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Sentezlenen bu bileşiklerin singlet oksijen ile en-katılma reaksiyonundan ilgili hidroperoksitler elde edildi. Bu hidroperoksitler çeşitli kimyasal transformasyonlar ile norkantarimit ve amino izoindolin-1,3-dion türevlerine dönüştürüldü. Diğer taraftan, triklor asetil klorür ile etil deoksinorkantarimit türevinin [2+2] siklo katılma reaksiyondan trisiklik siklobütanon türevi sentezlendi. Çalışmanın bir diğer kısmında dibromoetil deoksinorkantarimit türevinin indirgenmesiyle bisiklik alkaloid türevi elde edildi. Doktora tezi olarak sunulan bu eser, biyolojik aktiviteye sahip norkantarimit ve izoindolin-1,3-dion bileşiklerinin sentezi için yeni bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır. Cantharidine is a natural compound having strong biological activity that is isolated from the Blister beetles. Cantharidine, its demethylated analogue norcantharidine, and its N-substituted derivative norcantharimide are compounds that have been proven to have biological activity. Compounds of isoindoline-1,3-dione are derivatives of norcantharimides and are important compounds that have recently attracted the attention of synthetic organic chemists. Basedon this study, firstly, a series derivatives of deoxynorcantharimide compounds were synthesized from 3-sulfolene. The corresponding hydroperoxides were obtained via the ene-addition reaction of singlet oxygen with deoxynorcantharimide. Through various chemical transformations, these hydroperoxides were converted into their norcantharimide and amino isoindolene-1,3-dione derivatives. Meanwhile, tricyclic cyclobutanone derivatives were synthesized via the [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of trichloroacetyl chloride with the ethyl deoxynorcantharimide derivative. In another part of our study, bicyclic alkaloid derivative was obtained by the reduction of the dibromoethyl deoxynorcantharimide derivative. This work, offered as a doctoral thesis, presents a novel approach to the synthesis of biologically active norcantharimide and isoindolene 1,3-dione compounds. 134
- Published
- 2013
180. 3-amino-4-(2,4,5-triflorfenil) bütanoik asit sentezi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar
- Author
-
Gündoğdu, Özlem, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
SAN-TEZ projesi kapsamında yapılan bu çalışmada, yeni bir yöntem ile Sitagliptin 'in ana iskelet yapısını oluşturan (R)-3-amino-4-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)bütanoik asitin sentezi için öncü bileşikler elde edildi. L-Metiyonin'den çıkılarak kiral lakton sentezlendi. Lakton halkasının Grignard bileşiği ile açılma reaksiyonundan keton bileşiği elde edildi. Keton bileşiğinde primer alkol grubu korunup, keton karbonilinin indirgenmesi sonucu diastromerik amino-alkol sentezlendi. Diastromerik amino alkol baz ile üretan halkasına çevrildi. Koruyucu grubun uzaklaştırılması ve primer alkolün yükseltgenmesi ile ilgili asit elde edildi ve esterine dönüştürüldü.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sitagliptin, β-Aminoasit sentezi, Kiral lakton halkasının açılması, Triflorbrombenzen, Grignard bileşiği We developed a new method of forming the precursor compounds need for the synthesis of (R)-3-amino-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenly) butanoic acid, the main skeleton of Sitagliptin, in the SAN-TEZ Project carried out within the scope of this study. The chiral lactone was synthesized by starting from L-Methionine. The ketone compound was obtained by the ring opening reaction between the lactone ring and Grignard compound. The primary alcohol group in the ketone compound was protected and a ketone diastromerik amino-alcohol was synthesized by reduction. Diastromerik amino-alcohol was transformed into a urethane ring with a base. An acid was obtained and translated into its ester by the removal of the protective group and oxidation of the primary alcohol.Keywords: Sitagliptin, Synthesis of β-amino acid, Opening of chiral lactone ring, Trifluorobromobenzene, Grignard reagent 85
- Published
- 2012
181. 3-(2,4,5-triflorfenil)propan-1,2-diol sentezi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar
- Author
-
Aktaş, Derya, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
SAN-TEZ projesi kapsamında yapılan bu çalışmada, yeni bir yöntem ile Sitagliptin in ana iskelet yapısını oluşturan (R)-3-amino-4-(2.4.5-triflorfenil) butanoik asit sentezi için öncü bileşikler elde edildi. D-Mannitol?den çıkılarak kiral aldehit bileşiği sentezlendi. Hazırlanan Grignard reaktifinin aldehit bileşiğine katılma reaksiyonundan (2,2-dimetil-1,3-dioksalan-4-il)(2,4,5-triflorfenil)metanol bileşiği elde edildi. Elde edilen bileşiğin benzilik OH grubu klorürüne çevrildi. Benzilik klorürün indirgenmesiyle 3-(2,4,5-triflorfenil) propan-1,2-diol bileşiği sentezlendi. In the light of a newly developed method, precursors for the synthesis of (R)-3-amino-4-(2.4.5-trifluorophenyl) butanoic acid, the compound forming the main skeletal structure of Sitagliptin, were obtained as part of a study carried out within the SAN-TEZ project. D-Mannitol was used as the starting material and the corresponding chiral aldehyde compound was synthesized. The (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)(2,4,5-trifluorphenyl) methanol compound was obtained from the addition reaction between the previously prepared Grignard reagent and the synthesized aldehyde compound. The benzylic ?OH group of the synthesized compound was transformed into its chloride form. 3-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl) propane-1,2-diol was synthesized from the hydrogenation reaction of the benzylic chloride compound. 65
- Published
- 2012
182. Terminal epoksitlerin BF3 varlığında eterler ile açılma reaksiyonları
- Author
-
Köse, Aytekin, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
Bu çalışma kapsamında 2-(benziloksimetil)oksiran, epiklorhidrin, 2,3-bis(brommetil)oksiran ve 2-(brommetil)-3-fenil oksiran bileşiklerinin BF3 varlığında simetrik ve simetrik olmayan eterler ile açılma reaksiyonları incelendi. Elde edilen açılma ürünleri benzoat esterlerine dönüştürülerek yapıları karakterize edildi. Açılma ürünlerinin oluşum mekanizması araştırıldı. The epoxide ring opening reactions of 2-(benzyloxymethyl)oxirane, epichlorohydrin, 2,3-bis(brommethyl)oxirane and 2-(brommethyl)-3-phenyl oxirane with symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers in the presence of BF3 were studied. The obtained alcohols were converted to their benzoate ester forms for structural analysis. Reaction mechanisms of the epoxide opening were also investigated in detail. 94
- Published
- 2011
183. γ-Hidroksi α,β-doymamış enonların epoksidasyonu: Stereoseçicilikte elektronik etkenler
- Author
-
Şahin, Engin, Kara, Yunus, Kılıç, Hamdullah, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Kimya - Abstract
ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi Y-HİDROKSİ a,(3-DOYMAMIŞ ENONLARIN EPOKSİDASYONU: STEREOSEÇİCİLİKTE ELEKTRONİK ETKENLER Engin ŞAHİN Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kimya Anabilim Dalı Yönetici: Prof. Dr. Yunus KARA Ortak Yönetici: Doç.Dr. Hamdullah KILIÇ y-Hidroksi a-(3-doymamış enonlar, 4-Hidroksi-2-siklopentenon (5a), 4-hidroksi-2- siklohekzenon (5b), 4-hidroksi-2-sikloheptenon (5c) ve 4-hidroksi-2-siklooktenon (5e) ilgili endoperoksitlerden elde edildi. Sentezlenen bu y-hidroksi a-P Doymamış Enonlann Weitz-Scheffer epoksidasyon şartlarında oksidant olarak tert-butil hidroperoksit ve baz olarak da DBU, Piridin ve trietilamin gibi organik amin bazları kullanarak diastereoselektif epoksidasyonları incelendi. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmında ise aynı şartlar altında baz olarak KF-AL2O3 kullanılarak çeşitli çözücülerde diastereoselektivitenin nasıl değiştiği ve oksijen transferinin nasıl gerçekleştiği detaylı bir şekilde incelendi. 2005, 101 Sayfa Anahtar Kelimeler: Diastereoselektivite, Epoksidasyon, Singlet oksijen, Endoperoksit, 1,4-Dion, Hidroksi enon, Alilik alkol ABSTRACT Master Thesis EPOXIDATION of y-HYDROXY a,p-UNSATURATED ENONES: ELECTRONIC EFFECTS İN STEREOSELECTIVITY Engin ŞAHİN Atatürk University Graduated School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Chemistry Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Yunus KARA Co. Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hamdullah KILIÇ The present study consist of two parts. In the first part 5, 6, 7 and 8 membered rings of y-hydroxy a-P-unsaturated enones 4-Hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone (5a), 4-hydroxy-2- cyclohexenone (5b), 4-hydroxy-2-cycloheptenone (5c) ve 4-hydroxy-2-cyclooktenone (5e) were synthesized from the corresponding endoperoxides. Diastreoselective epoxidations of this enones by using fert-buthyl hyroperoxide as a oxidant and pyridine, DBU, and triethyl amine as a base were investigated under Weitz-Scheffer epoxidation conditions. In the second part KF-AI2O3 was used as a base under the same conditions and solvent effect on the diastreoselective epoxidations of y-hydroxy a-P-unsaturated enones was investigated. The oxygen transfer mechanism from tert-buthyl hydroperoxide to organic substrates and scope were discussed in detail. 2005, 101 Pages Keywords: Diastreoselectivity, Epoxidation, Singlet oxygen, Endoperoxide, 1,4-Dione, Hydroxy enone, Ally lie alcohol. 11 112
- Published
- 2005
184. Polihidroksi siklohekzan türevlerinin sentezi
- Author
-
Kishali Horasan, Nurhan, Kara, Yunus, and Diğer
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Synthesis ,Polyhydroxy cyclohexane ,Kimya - Abstract
ÖZET Doktora Tezi POLİHİDROKSÎ SÎKLOHEKZAN TÜREVLERİNİN SENTEZİ Nurhan HORASAN KİSHALI Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kimya Anabilim Dalı Yönetici: Prof. Dr. Yunus KARA Polihidroksi siklohekzan türevleri (karba-şeker) biyolojik aktif bileşiklerdir. Karba- şekerler bir çok doğal ürünlerin yapısında glikozidaz inhibitörü veya organizmada metabolik düzenleyici olarak bulunurlar. Karba-şekerler karbohidratlarda halka oksijen atomunun yerine bir metil grubunun sübstitüe olduğu yapıdadır. Bu çalışmada da etil sübstitüe carba-şeker türevi sentezi üzerinde durulmuştur. Etil sübstitüe carba-şeker türevi sentezi için en basit fonksiyonel grup içeren siklik altı karbonlu bileşiklerden olan 1,4-siklohekzadien kullanılmıştır. 1,4-siklohekzadiene [2+2] diklorketen katılması, Beayer-Villiger oksidasyonu, singlet oksijen ile hidroperoksit 121 oluşturuldu ve 121'in KMnÛ4 ile cis-diol ve DMD ile epoksit oluşumu ile Karba-şeker etil türevleri 125 ve 126 stereospesifik olarak sentezlenmiştir. 2003, 63 sayfa Anahtar kelimeler: polihidroksi siklohekzan türevleri, diklorketen katılması, singlet oksijen katılması 11 ABSTRACT Ph. D. Thesis THE SYNTHESIS OF POLIHYDROXCYCLOHEXANE DERIVATIVES Nurahan HORASAN KİSHALI Atatürk Üniversitesi Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Chemistry SupervisonProf. Dr. Yunus KARA Polyhydroxycyclohexane derivatives are biologically active compounds and exist in the structure of some natural products that act as glycosidase inhibitors or metabolitic regulators in the organism. Carba-sugars are carbohydrate analogues in which the ring oxygene atom has been replaced by a methylene groupe. In the synthesis of these interesting compounds, 1,4-cyclohexadien was used as a precursor. The product 116 was obtained by the [2+2] dichloroketene addition to 1,4- cyclohexadiene. The reduction product 117 was also subjected to Beayer-Villiger oxidation, converted to lactone product 118 and then 118 reduced with lithium aluminium hydride. Singlet oxygene reaction was applied to the system hydroperoxide group. Then a cis-diol group was incorporated with KMn04 and epoxidation was made with DMD. Thus, the Carba-sugar ethyl derivatives 125, 126 were then readily synthesized. 2003, 63 pages Keywords: polyhydroxcyclohexane derivatives, dichloroketene addition, singlet oxygen addition. 63
- Published
- 2003
185. Aminoinositol ve aminoconduritol analoglarının sentezi
- Author
-
Kelebekli, Latif, Kara, Yunus, and Diğer
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Aminoinositol ,Synthesis ,Kimya ,Aminoconduritol ,Analogs - Abstract
ÖZET Doktora Tezi AMİNOÎNOSİTOL VE AMİNOCONDURİTOL ANALOGLARININ SENTEZİ LatifKELEBEKLİ Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kimya Anabilim Dalı Danışman: Prof. Dr. Yunus KARA Bu çalışma, alilik cw-diollerden çıkarak biyolojik aktiflik gösterebilecek aminoinositol ve aminoconduritol türevlerinin sentezini kapsamaktadır. 1,3-Dien fonksiyonel grubu içeren moleküller 106, 2, 130 ve 115'in fotooksijenasyonu ve akabinde oksijen-oksijen bağının tiyoüre ile indirgenmesi sonucu, hedeflenen alilik c/s-dioller 108, 4, 132 ve 117 elde edildi. Alilik c/s-dioller 108, 4, 132 ve 117'nin Pd(0) katalizörü eşliğinde p-toluensulfonil izosiyanatla reaksiyonu, oksazolidon halkası içeren ilgili moleküller; 109, 114, 119, 133 ve 134'ü verdi. Oksazolidonlarm KMn04 veya Os04 ile cis- hidroksilasyonu ve akabinde asetilasyonu ile oluşan ürünler, asetat türevleri olarak karakterize edildi. 2003, 121 sayfa Anahtar kelimeler: Aminoinositol analogu, aminoconduritol analoglan, oksazolidon, alilik sübstitüsyon reaksiyonu, dihidroconduramin. ABSTRACT Ph.D. Thesis SYNTHESIS OF AMINOINOSITOL AND AMINOCONDURITOL ANALOGOUS Latif KELEBEKLI Atatürk University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Chemistry Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Yunus KARA This study comprises synthesis of potentially biological active aminoinositol and aminoconduritol derivatives starting from allylic cw-diols. The molecules 106, 2, 130 and 115 the having 1,3-diene functionality were subjected to photooxygenation followed by the reduction of the oxygen-oxygen bond with thiourea to give the precursors; allylic cw-diols 108, 4, 132 and 117. Treatment of 108, 4, 132 and 117 with p-toluensulfonyl isocyanate in the presence of Pd(0)-catalyst gave the corresponding molecules 109, 114, 119, 133 and 134 having of oxazolidone ring. cw-Dihydroxylation of the double bond in 109, 114, 119, 133 and 134 were achieved with KMn04 or Os04 oxidation. The final products were identified as their acetates. 2003, 121 pages Keywords: Aminoinositol analog, aminoconduritol analogues, oxazolidone, allylic substitution reaction, dihydroconduramine. II 121
- Published
- 2003
186. Bisiklo[4.2.0]okta-1(6),3,7-trien-2,5-dion'un sentezi üzerine çalışmalar
- Author
-
Çetin, Yildiz, Kara, Yunus, and Diğer
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Bromination ,Oxidation ,Quinones ,Hydrogenation ,Kimya ,Cycloaddition - Abstract
ÖZET Bisiklo[4.2.0]okta-l(6),3,7-tnen-2,5-dion'un (55) sentezi için çıkış bileşiği olarak p- benzokinon (59) kullanıldı, ^-benzokinon'dan diketon 58 üç kademede sentezlendi. Diketon 58' in asetilen ile 2u+2ti siklo katılması sonucu diketon 63 elde edildi. Diketon 63'ün SeÛ2 ile oksidasyonu diketon 67'yi verdi. Daha sonra diketon 63 hidrojenasyonla diketon 72'ye dönüştürüldü. Bu bileşiğin (72) SeC>2 ile oksidasyonu sonucu diketon 73 elde edildi. Anahtar bileşik 69, diketon 67'nin NBS ile reaksiyonundan sentezlendi. 73 bileşiğinin bromlanması ile bir diğer anahtar bileşik dibrom 75 elde edildi. Daha sonra 69 ve 75 bileşiklerinden iki HBr molekülü eliminasyonu yoluyla hedef ürün 55' in sentezi denendi. Fakat oluşan ürünlerin yapısı aydınlatılamadı. SUMMARY Bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-l(6),3,7-triene-2,5-dione (55) was synthesized starting from p- benzoquinone. At first, /»-benzoquinone was converted to diketon 58. 63 has been obtained by cycloaddition (2tc+2tc ) of asetilen with 58. Oxidation of 63 with SeC>2 yielded to 67. Then diketon 63 was converted to 72 by hydrogenation. 73 was obtained by oxidation of 72 with SeC>2. Key compound 69 has been synthesized by reaction of NBS with 67. Bromination of 73 gave dibromide 75 as a second key compound. All attempts to synthesize target compound 55 by HBr elimination from the key compounds 69 and 75 did not give the expected product 55. 68
- Published
- 2001
187. 11-Aztrisiklo (6.2.1.0.2.7)TepeUndeka-2,4,6,9- tetraen türevlerinin sentezi ve fotokimyası
- Author
-
Tepe, Ebubekir, Akbulut, Nihat, Kara, Yunus, and Diğer
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Synthesis ,Photochemistry ,Pyrrole-2,3-dione ,Azatricyclo ,Kimya ,Naphthalene - Abstract
ÖZET Bu çalışmada, ll-azatrisiklo[6.2.1.02'7]undeka-2,4,6,9-tetraen'in sübstitüe türevlerinin sentezi ve fotokimyasal reaksiyonlan incelendi. Bu amaçla fenil(lH-pirol-l-il)metanon (50a), l-(lH-pirol-l-il)etan-l-on (50b) ve l-(benzoil-lH-pirol-2-il)etan-l-on (52a) ve bu bileşiklerin benzin tuzu (55) ile siklo katılma reaksiyonlan sonucu 7-aza- benzonorbornadien türevleri elde edildi. Cn-h l.K 2.RC1 -O- 50a,b R AKİ, Asetil klorür N- O II -C - Ph O II N - C- CH3 O // C-CH3 O ^C-CH3 52a 52b M o=c CH3 56a,b 57 Fenil(lH-pirol-2-il)metanon'un (52a) benzin ile siklo katılma reaksiyonu sonucu oluşan 1- (11- benzoil-11- azatrisiklo[6.2.1.02,7]undeka- 2, 4, 6, 9-tetraen- l-il)etan-l -on (57) sentezlendi. Bu bileşiğin; 254 nm Hg lambası kullanılarak değişik sürelerde direk ışınlandınlması sonucu oluşan ürünlerin karekterizasyonu yapıldı O II C-Ph hv 0^SCH3 57 Ç-CH3 O 60 SUMMARY In this work, synthesis of ll-azatricyclo[6.2.1.02'7]undeca-2,4,6,9-tetraene derivatives and photochemical reaction were studied. Phenyl (1H- pyrrol- 1-yl) methanone (50a), l-(lH-pyrrol-l-yl)ethan-l-one (50b) and 1-(1 -benzoyl- lH-pyrrol-2-yl)ethan-l -one (52a) were synthesized, of which reaction with benzyne (55) gave derivatives of 11- ^2,7! azatricyclo[6.2.1.0 ' ]undeca-2,4,6,9-tetraene. l.K ^=/ AICI3 N-h IRQ 1 N- R 50a,b Asetil kloriir N- O II -C - Ph o N- C- CH, O...C-CH3 J? C-CH, 52a 52b 0' O' o II X- Ph N Op o=c CH, 56a, b 57 Y*,7- 1-(1 1-Benzoyl-l l-azatricyclo[6.2. 1.(r ']undeca-2,4,6,9-tetraen-l-yl)ethan-l-one (57) obtained from the reaction between benzyne and 1-(1 -benzoyl- lH-pyrrol-2-yl)ethan-l- one (52a) was photolysed using Hg lamb (254nm) and the formed products were characterized. hv 57 66
- Published
- 2000
188. Elektrokimyasal yöntemle vicinal dibromürlerden alken sentezi
- Author
-
Kelebekli, Latif, Kara, Yunus, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Vicinal dibrom ,Electrochemistry ,Alkenes ,Kimya - Abstract
ÖZET Vicinal dibrom bileşiklerinden brom eliminasyonu için iki yöntem vardır. Bunlar; kimyasal reaktiflerle ( Zn, Mg, I` gibi ) veya elektrokimyasal indirgeme ile oluşan de brominasyon reaksiyonlarıdır. Bu çalışmada 26, 32 ve 34 bileşikleri ilgili çıkış bileşiklerinden sentezlendi. Bu bileşiklerin çeşitli elektrot ve çözücüdeki elektrokimyasal reaksiyonları incelendi. 26 bileşiğinin elektrokimyasal debrominasyonu l,4-diasetoksi-2,5-siklohekzadien 27 'yi, 34'ün elektrokimyasal debrominasyonu 38'i verdi. Bununla birlikte 34'ün elektrokimyasal ester hidrolizi 33 bileşiğini verdi. Endoperoksit 32 bileşiği elektrik akımı verilmeksizin elektrolitik şartlar altında indirgenerek ilgili bisepoksit ve diole dönüştüğü gözlendi. Daha sonra bisepoksit ve diol elektrokimyasal debrominasyonla 36 ve 37 bileşiklerini verdi. SUMMARY There are two possible ways to eliminate the bromines from vicinal dibrom compounds. These are debromination reaction with conventional chemical reagents (such as Zn, Mg, I`). or electrochemical reduction. In this work 26, 32 and 34 compounds have been synthesized from corresponding starting materials, Electrochemical reactions of these compounds was investigated in various solvents and electrodes. Electrochemicaly debromination of 26 and 34 gave corresponding l,4-diacetoxy-2,5- cyclochexadine 27 and 38 respectively. However electrochemicaly reaction of 34 gave deesterizicated compound 33 with no trace of 34. We observed that endoperoxide 32 undergoes reductive cleavege under electrolic condition without employing electric currency and corresponding bisepoxide and diols were obtained. Furter electrochemicaly reaction of bisepoxide and diols gave debrominated compounds 36 and 37. 72
- Published
- 1997
189. Unusual Rearrangements in Cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxamide Derivatives: Pathway to Bicyclic Lactones.
- Author
-
Gundogdu O, Aytaç S, Şahin E, and Kara Y
- Abstract
The synthesis of new bicyclic lactone derivatives was carried out starting from 2-methyl/phenyl-3 a ,4,7,7 a -tetrahydro-1 H -isoindole-1,3(2 H )-dione. 6-(Hydroxymethyl)- N -methyl/phenylcyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxamide derivatives were obtained from the reduction of tetrahydro-1 H -isoindole-1,3(2 H )-diones with NaBH
4 . Bromination and epoxidation reactions of both compounds were examined, and the structures of the resulting products were determined by spectroscopic methods. Substituted bicyclic lactone compounds, which are interesting rearrangement products in both bromination and epoxidation reactions, were obtained. In particular, hydroxymethyl (-CH2 OH) and amide (-CONHR) groups attached to the cyclohexene ring in the bromination and epoxidation reactions were found to be effective in product formation. As a result, a new and applicable method was developed for the synthesis of bicyclic lactone derivatives., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
190. Brighten up the Rainbow: Ecology-Based Group Work for LGBTQ+ People.
- Author
-
Kara Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Young Adult, Adult, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Sports
- Abstract
This research was carried out as a pretest-posttest experimental study in order to evaluate the effect of ecology-based group work on 18 LGBTQ+ people living in different districts of Istanbul. The study group of the research carried out between July 2022 and August 2022 consists of 18 LGBTQ+ people, between the ages of 19-22. Study participants were randomly selected for each group and assigned to the experimental and control groups. In addition to the Personal Information Form, the Flourishing Scale, the Nature Relatedness Scale, and the Depression Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS21) were applied to the study group as pretest-posttest. Socializing, hiking, gardening, and human-animal interaction activities were held in the group work sessions consisting of 6 sessions on Saturdays at 13.00. In addition to all these activities, some documentaries on ecology were also suggested for the participants to watch, to be discussed in different sessions. The collected data were analyzed in the SPSS 22.0 package program. At the end of the group work, it was observed that there was a significant difference in the total scores of the Flourishing Scale, the Nature Relatedness Scale, and Depression Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS21) of LGBTQ+ people in the experimental group.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
191. Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial studies of 2,4,5,6-substituted hexahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione.
- Author
-
Yetişkin E, Gündoğdu Ö, Mete D, Çelebioğlu N, Kara Y, and Şanlı-Mohamed G
- Subjects
- Humans, Caco-2 Cells, Isoindoles chemistry, Isoindoles pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Structure-Activity Relationship, Molecular Structure, Antineoplastic Agents chemistry, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology
- Abstract
In this study, synthesis of novel isoindole-1,3-dione analogues bearig halo, hydroxy, and acetoxy groups at the position 4,5,6 of the bicyclic imide ring was performed to examine their potential anticancer effects against some cell lines. A multistep chemical pathway was used to synthesize the derivatives. The cytotoxic effect of trisubstituted isoindole derivatives were evaluated by determining cellular viability using the MTT assay against A549, PC-3, HeLa, Caco-2, and MCF-7 cell lines. The C-2 selective ring-opening products were obtained from the ring-opening reaction of 5-alkyl/aryl-2-hydroxyhexahydro-4H-oxireno[2,3-e]isoindole-4,6(5H)-diones with nucleophiles such as chloride (Cl
- ) and bromide (Br- ) ions. In addition, the ring-opening products halodiols were converted to their related acetates. The anticancer activity of synthesized isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives was investigated against HeLa, A549, MCF-7, PC3, and Caco-2 cells in vitro and resulted in varies cytotoxic effect depend on the group attached to the isoindole molecule. Furthermore, the evaluation of the antimicrobial action of trisubstituted isoindole derivatives against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was assessed and found out selective inhibition of the both bacterial growth via different trisubstituted isoindole derivatives. The results of this work encourage further research on the potential utilization of trisubstituted isoindole derivatives as cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
192. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on LGBTQ+'s Sexual Behaviors in Turkey: "Everything about Sex Had Become A Black Box".
- Author
-
Kara Y, Karataş M, and Duyan V
- Subjects
- Humans, Pandemics, Turkey, Sexual Behavior psychology, Sexual and Gender Minorities, COVID-19
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced changes in the behavior patterns of many population groups due to restrictive measures all over the world. In this study, qualitative research method based on a phenomenological approach was used to determine the changes in the sexual behavior of a group of LGBTQ+ people living in Turkey. The COVID-19 pandemic has culminated in changes in the sexual life of LGBTQ+s. It has been determined that feelings such as the need of emotional support, loneliness, devaluation and helplessness were experienced, and quarantine and curfew restrictions were effective on sexuality and sexual behaviors. In addition, it has been determined that LGBTQ+s have changed in the standards of determining partners during the pandemic process. The use of sex toys has increased, the sensitivity toward self-care and hygiene rules has increased, the tendency to have sexual fantasies has changed, the sexual behavior of people in their social environment has changed, and the disruptions in health services have posed negative effects. It is recommended to carry out studies focusing on the sexual behavior of LGBTQ+s and to develop counseling services regarding the sexual behaviors of LGBTQ+s and the situations that occur in their sexual lives.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
193. Evaluation of In Vivo Biological Activity Profiles of Isoindole-1,3-dione Derivatives: Cytotoxicity, Toxicology, and Histopathology Studies.
- Author
-
Köse A, Kaya M, Tomruk C, Uyanıkgil Y, Kishalı N, Kara Y, and Şanlı-Mohamed G
- Abstract
The anticancer activity of N -benzylisoindole-1,3-dione derivatives was evaluated against adenocarcinoma (A549-Luc). First, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide activity assay studies of two isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives were performed against A549 cell lines. Both compounds showed inhibitory effects on the viability of A549 cells. Then, we explored the potential of these compounds as active ingredients by in vivo studies. Nude mice were given A549-luc lung cancer cells, and tumor growth was induced with a xenograft model. Then, nude mice were divided into three groups: the control group, compound 3 group, and compound 4 group. After application of each compound to the mice, tumor sizes, their survival, and weight were determined for 60 days. Furthermore, toxicological studies were performed to examine the effects of the drugs in mice. In addition to toxicological studies, histopathological analyses of organs taken from mice were performed, and the results were evaluated. The obtained results showed that both N-benzylisoindole derivatives are potential anticancer agents., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
194. Novel hybrid isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds containing a 1H-tetrazole moiety: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies.
- Author
-
Tan A, Kizilkaya S, Noma SAA, Ates B, and Kara Y
- Subjects
- Allopurinol, Isoenzymes, Isoindoles pharmacology, Molecular Docking Simulation, Molecular Structure, Structure-Activity Relationship, Tetrazoles, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors pharmacology, Carbonic Anhydrases metabolism
- Abstract
In this study, novel hybrid isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds (10 and 11) carrying a 1H-tetrazole moiety were synthesized, characterized and their inhibitory properties against xanthine oxidase (XO) and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (hCA I and hCA II) were investigated. Allopurinol for XO and acetazolamide for carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes were used as positive standards in inhibition studies. In addition, compounds 8 and 9, which were obtained in the intermediate step, were also investigated for their inhibition effects against the three enzymes. According to the enzyme inhibition results, hybrid isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione derivatives 10 and 11 showed significant inhibitory effects against all three enzymes. Surprisingly, compound 8, containing a SCN functional group, exhibited a greater inhibitory effect than the other compounds against hCA I and hCA II. The IC
50 values of compound 8 against hCA I and hCA II were found to be 3.698 ± 0.079 and 3.147 ± 0.083 µM, respectively. Compound 8 (IC50 = 4.261 ± 0.034 μM) showed higher activity than allopurinol (IC50 = 4.678 ± 0.029 μM) and the other compounds against XO, as well. These results clearly show the effect of the SCN group on the inhibition. In addition, in silico molecular docking studies were performed to understand the molecular interactions between each compound and enzymes, and the results were evaluated., (© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
195. An anomalous addition of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to a carbonyl group: the synthesis of ((3a S ,7a R , E )-2-ethyl-3-oxo-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1 H -isoindol-1-ylidene)sulfamoyl chloride.
- Author
-
Köse A, Ünal A, Şahin E, Bozkaya U, and Kara Y
- Abstract
In this study, we developed a new addition reaction of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI), starting from 2-ethyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1 H -isoindole-1,3(2 H )-dione. The addition reaction of CSI with 2-ethyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1 H -isoindole-1,3(2 H )-dione resulted in the formation of ylidenesulfamoyl chloride, whose exact configuration was determined by X-ray crystal analysis. We explain the mechanism of product formation supported by theoretical calculations.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
196. Investigation of Solvent Effects on Photophysical Properties of New Aminophthalimide Derivatives-Based on Methanesulfonate.
- Author
-
Tan A, Bozkurt E, and Kara Y
- Abstract
Novel aminophthalimide derivatives were synthesized starting from (3aR,7aS)-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (9) , and solvent effects on the photo-physical properties of these newly synthesized aminophthalimide derivatives (compounds 14 and 15) were investigated using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Both absorption and fluorescence spectra exhibited bathochromic shift with the increased polarity of the solvents for both molecules. Solute-solvent interactions were analyzed using the Lippert-Mataga and Bakhshiev polarity functions, and Kamlet-Taft and Catalan multiple linear regression approaches. The results revealed that these two molecules experienced specific interactions. Furthermore, photo-physical parameters were calculated for both molecules in all of the solvents, such as the fluorescence quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime, radiative (k
r ) and non-radiative (knr ) rate constant values. It was observed that the fluorescence quantum yield values decreased linearly with increasing solvent polarity. This study proved the new dyes including isopropyl methanesulfonate group displayed different behavior from previous studies of aminophthalimide derivatives in water. It was recommended that these new dyes having interesting properties by changing solvent can be used various applications such as environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes, labels in biology, laser industry.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. rac-3,4-trans-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-2-naphthyl acetate.
- Author
-
Sahin E, Kishali N, and Kara Y
- Abstract
The title compound, C(12)H(12)Cl(2)O(2), has a bicyclic skeleton containing cyclo-hexene and benzene fragments. The cyclo-hexene ring adopts a half-chair conformation with displacements of two atoms out of the least-squares plane of 0.311 (2) and -0.336 (2) Å. The Cl atoms are trans-positioned.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.