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185. Room-temperature atomic layer deposition of SiO2 on microcracked ZrO2 layers.

Author

Alfrisany, Najm M., Somogyi-Ganss, Eszter, Tam, Laura, Hatton, Benjamin D., Sodhi, Rana N.S., and De Souza, Grace M.

Subjects
ATOMIC layer deposition, SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry, ZIRCONIUM oxide, SURFACE roughness, SILICA films, SURFACES (Technology)
Abstract

Yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-SZ) has become a reliable material option to restore severely compromised teeth. Y-SZ materials are prone to low-temperature degradation (LTD), which generates a tetragonal-to-monoclinic (t-m) transformed, porous layer. We suggest that room-temperature atomic layer deposition (RT-ALD) could be used for the infiltration and deposition of nanoscale SiO 2 film over this layer, creating a protective hybrid surface against further degradation by LTD. This study investigated the potential of developing a Y-SZ transformed layer under controlled conditions for the infiltration of silica using RT-ALD, aiming to develop a hybrid zirconia-silica interface, and to investigate the effect of silica deposition/infiltration via RT-ALD on the surface roughness and wettability of zirconia-based materials. Sintered specimens (14 mm × 4 mm x 2 mm) were prepared from four different Y-SZ materials (n = 40): low translucency 3 mol % Y-SZ (3Y-LT; Ceramill ZI, Amann Girrbach); high translucency 4 mol % Y-SZ (4Y-HT; Ceramill Zolid); and two high translucency 5 mol % Y-SZ (5Y-HT – Lava Esthetic, 3M; 5Y-SHT – Ceramill Zolid, FX white). Specimens were exposed to hydrothermal treatment (HTT) to develop similar depths of crystalline changes. RT-ALD was used to deposit a thin film of silica (SiO 2). Surface roughness and wettability analyses were performed to investigate the effect of treatment (HTT and RT-ALD) and material on Y-SZ surface properties, and data was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD (p < 0.05). RT-ALD and HTT-RT-ALD treated specimens of 3Y-LT and 5Y-HT materials were exposed to further hydrothermal aging (HA) and the surface was characterized by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). There was a significant interaction effect of material and treatment (HTT and RT-ALD) on roughness (p = 0.02), and surface wettability (p < 0.001). Silica deposition via RT-ALD resulted in a significant increase in surface roughness of all materials tested, while surface wettability was either improved or not changed based on the material type and HTT exposure. Nanofilms of SiO 2 were successfully deposited on Y-SZ materials and infiltrated 3Y-LT zirconia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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186. Structural and Microstructural Characterization of CoCrFeNiPd High Entropy Alloys

Author

Calvo-Dahlborg, Monique, Cornide, Juan, Dahlborg, Ulf, Chambreland, Sylvain, Hatton, Gareth D., and Fones, Andrew

Abstract

According to literature, a High Entropy Alloy (HEA) has close to equimolar composition and forms mostly fcc and/or bcc phases as well as solid solutions, i.e. the elements take random occupations on available lattice sites. In this paper we report studies on HEAs of the CoCrFeNiPd system. All alloys have been found to, contrary to what has been reported earlier in literature, consist of four different phases, three of them of fcc type. The relative amounts of the different phases depend on Pd concentration. The different phases seem to be fully interconnected.

Published
2016
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194. Reading Comprehension for Braille Readers: An Empirical Framework for Research.

Author

Savaiano, Mackenzie E., Compton, Donald L., and Hatton, Deborah D.

Subjects
BRAILLE, PEOPLE with visual disabilities, PRINTING for blind people, COMPREHENSION, CURRICULUM
Abstract

The article discusses several studies related to increasing braille reading comprehension in blind students published in the previous issues of the journal. The studies discussed include one presenting a cognitive model of reading to increase braille reading comprehension in the students, another presenting a comparison of reading curricula, and the next one focusing on the interaction of the braille reader with the text.

Published
2014
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195. Teaching Skill Acquisition to Individuals with Blindness: A Systematic Review of Response-Prompting Procedures.

Author

lvy, Sarah E. and Hatton, Deborah D.

Subjects
STUDENTS with visual disabilities, PROMPTING (Education), VISION disorders, TIME delay systems
Abstract

The article offers information on response prompting procedures as an evidence-based practice, to teach new skills to learners with visual disability. It mentions that prompting includes providing physical assistance, verbal instructions and modeling behavior. It reflects on four methods for declining response prompts proposed by researchers M. Woolery and D.L. Gast which includes system of least prompts, most-to-least prompting and time delay.

Published
2014
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196. Advancing the Education of Students with Visual Impairments Through Evidence-Based Practices.

Author

Hatton, Deborah D.

Subjects
EVIDENCE-based education, STUDENTS with visual disabilities, VISION disorders, UNITED States. Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
Abstract

The article focuses on evidence-based practices for the education of students with visual impairments. It mentions the U.S. Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) 2004 and offers recommendations for advancing the identification of evidence-based practices for such students. It presents the definition of low vision as defined by Anne Com, a specialist in the area of low vision, which best captures the term for educators and individuals with low vision.

Published
2014
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197. PREFACE TO SPECIAL ISSUE ON VISUAL IMPAIRMENT.

Author

HATTON, DEBORAH D.

Subjects
STUDENTS with visual disabilities, BRAILLE
Abstract

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including evidence-based practices for students with visual disability, braille reading comprehension strategies for such students and the need for optical devices for students.

Published
2014

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