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We briefly describe distance sampling, then review recent advances that enhance its usefulness for wildlife and conservation management: Covariate models for the detection function. Double-platform methods for when detection on the line or at the point is uncertain. Spatial distance sampling models. Indirect distance sampling surveys. Automated design algorithms. Adaptive distance sampling designs.

Structures and industrial equipment often operate in environments where temperature variations take place. Although thermal effects may be negligible in some cases, they have caused the unexpected failure of mechanical systems many times. Whether or not temperature has significant effects on the dynamical behavior of such machines and structures depends upon several aspects, amongst which are geometry, material properties and boundary conditions. In this paper we investigate the dynamical behavior of a clamped beam under the influence of a uniform, quasi-statically varying temperature field. An analytical model was used, based on Euler-Bernoulli’s beam theory with the introduction of the proper boundary conditions. Temperature effects are included in terms of an axial force that shows up when the beam tends to thermally expand, but this expansion is restrained by the clamping. Preliminary results do not agree with experimental data, since perfect clamping is difficult to achieve in practice. Finally the model is updated with the inclusion of axial and torsional springs connecting the beam to the support. The spring constants were calculated through optimization procedure to minimize the differences between the natural frequencies obtained from the analytical model and the corresponding experimental ones. Agreement with experimental results is reasonable up to the 4th mode of the beam. In the future, this analytical model is to be used for design and simulation of an active controller that accounts for temperature changes in the structure.Copyright © 2002 by ASME

The pyrone ring adopts a C(9)-sofa conformation and the cis-fused five-membered ring is in a C(5)-envelope conformation. The methyl group is in a pseudo-axial position. The molecular packing involves C-H...O contacts

Appropriate regionally-based training is of major importance for improving the market penetration of basic PV systems in developing countries. This communication describes an initiative at a Brazilian university where science and engineering undergraduates are encouraged to fabricate, test, and package crystalline silicon solar cells.

Structural and mechanical properties of hydrogenated amorphous germanium carbon (a-Ge1-xCx:H) alloys are presented. The films were prepared by the rf-co-sputtering technique using a graphite/germanium composed target. The carbon and germanium relative concentrations were determined by RBS, and the total hydrogen concentration by ERDA measurements. An increase in the optical gap was measured for low carbon content (0 < × < 0.15). For higher values of x the optical gap is almost constant. Infrared transmission absorption spectra show several absorption bands related to Ge-C stretching, C-Hn (n = 1,2,3) and Ge-H stretching and bending modes. The mechanical internal stress was strongly affected by the incorporation of carbon. The trends of the optical gap, refractive index, infrared absorption and mechanical stress as a function of the carbon content suggest that the high carbon concentration alloys have polymeric and/or graphite-like contribution in their structure.

Introduction Harmful effects of medicines should be reviewed with similar rigour as therapeutic benefits. Most evidence on harms is obtained from post marketing surveillance, so the use of meta-analysis to pool safety information presents challenges of inherent biases and differences in study designs. Yet, it9s crucial to provide an accurate safety profile of pharmacological interventions. We aimed to describe the data sources of published meta-analysis of adverse drug effects. Method We searched meta-analysis published in the last 5 years in six medical journals with the highest impact factor. All the meta-analysis focussing primarily on adverse effects of pharmacological interventions, with pooled results, were included and the characteristics assessed. Results A total of 61 meta-analysis were included, 16 were published in JAMA, 13 in Lancet, 11 in BMJ, 10 in Ann Intern Med, nine in Arch Intern Med and two in NEJM. Of these 90.2% (n=55) included only experimental studies, two included only observational studies and four meta-analysis comprised both type of studies. Less than half (47.5%; n=29) of the meta-analysis assessed the quality of the included studies according to specified recommendation statements, and only 18 (29.5%) considered unpublished studies. Conclusion The majority of meta-analysis of adverse drug effects included only experimental studies, less than half assessed their quality and few considered unpublished studies. These results reinforce the need for methodological research to clarify the role of meta-analysis in Pharmacovigilance and evaluate how to pool safety information from different surveillance methods, to provide an accurate safety profile of pharmacological interventions.

The expression of the (pro)renin receptor (ATP6AP2) in late gestational human tissues suggests that the prorenin-angiotensin system (RAS) might influence pregnancy outcome. Here w e characterized the RAS in term fetal membranes (amnion and chorion), decidua and placenta (n = 38) from women undergoing elective cesarean section (non-labouring) or following spontaneous delivery (after labour), and myometrium (n = 16) from elective or emergency cesarean (labouring) deliveries. RT-qPCR was used to quantify prorenin (REN), AGT, ACE, ACE2, AGTR1, AGTR2, ATP6AP2 and MAS1 mRNAs, and immunohistochemistry was used to localize prorenin, AGT, ACE, ACE2 and AGTR1 proteins. In myometrium, mRNAs for downstream signalling proteins (ZBTB16, TGFB1 and PTGS2) were also measured. ACE and AGT mRNA levels were higher in labouring myometrium (P < 0.05), consistent with elevated production of angiotensin II (Ang II), which, by the upregulation of PTGS2 occurring in labour (P = 0.022), could influence labour. In amnion, expression of all RAS component mRNAs, except ATP6AP2, was low. After labour amnion showed lower ACE (P = 0.014) and higher AGTR2 (P = 0.01) mRNA levels. In decidua, RAS components other than AGTR1 and AGTR2 were abundant. Amnion and chorion exhibited higher immunostaining of AGT and prorenin than expected from their low mRNA levels, suggesting that these proteins could have been originated from decidua, where the cognate genes are more active. In placenta, prorenin and AGT were localized to syncytiotrophoblasts and ACE was localized to fetal capillary endothelial cells, while ACE2 distribution was diffuse. AGTR1 mRNA and protein expression was high in the placenta. We propose that ACE in fetal vessels could contribute Ang II to the fetus, while ACE2 in syncytiotrophoblasts might convert placental or maternal circulating Ang II to angiotensin-(1–7), which might then be supplied to the maternal bloodstream. In conclusion, the abundance and distribution of intrauterine RAS components suggest diverse roles for this local RAS in pregnancy.

We have measured the optical absorption edge spectra for absorption coefficients between 1 and 105 cm-1, the photoluminescence spectra at 77 K, the conductivity-temperature relations, and the photoconductivity magnitude and spectral dependence for a series of r.f. glow discharge films of a-Ge:H. The films were deposited at the powered cathode and unpowered anode of a diode capacitive reactor having very different electric fields and plasma conditions, while substrate temperature, H2 dilution of a GeH4 plasma and applied r.f. power were varied. The structure of the films are radically different, with the anode-deposited films displaying a microstructure of low density material (voids) and the cathode-deposited films displaying homogeneity similar to that of device-quality a-Si:H. A self consistent explanation of the differences in measured optical and electronic properties is given, taking full account of the structural observations. From this analysis the conditions required for the production of a-Ge:H of good photoelectronic quality may be inferred. Preliminary structural, optical and photoelectronic data for a-Si1.x Gex :H of large x, prepared under conditions extrapolated from the a-Ge study, indicate significant improvements from current data in the literature.

The elemental concentration of the ceramic standard material F, G, H, J and K of the Centre de Recherches Archeologiques Medievales, Universite de Caen have been determined based upon the Perlman/Asaro Standard. The analysis has been done by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Results are given for Fe, Na, K, Ba, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Ga, La, Lu, Mn, Rb, Sc, Ta, Yb.

The automatic system described is suitable for multi-element separations by solvent extraction techniques with organic solvents heavier than water. The analysis is run automatically by a central control unit and includes steps such as pH regulation and reduction or oxidation. As an example, the separation of radioactive Hg2+, Cu2+, Mo6+, Cd2+, As5+, Sb5+, Fe3+, and Co2+ by means of diethyldithiocarbamate complexes is reported.

A study of the macroscopic properties of a‐Ge:Sn and a‐Ge:Sn:H films is presented. The samples were prepared by the rf sputtering method on substrates held at 180 °C. Their composition and structure were characterized, and the transport and optical properties were studied. The role and influence of hydrogen on the general properties of the alloys have been established.

Infrared analysis of non-stoichiometric hydrogenated germanium-nitrogen alloys (a-Ge 1−x N x :H) is presented. The films were prepared by rf glow discharge and rf sputtering using various gases. The infrared spectra show different features depending on the deposition method and conditions. In the samples prepared by rf sputtering in an Ar + NH 3 atmosphere, the presence of NH 2 bonding groups were observed. The absorption band for the NH 2 bending vibration is at 1435 cm −1 . The stretching mode is composed of at least four bands in the 2800 to 3600 cm −1 range. The same samples, in addition, have an absorption band at 545 cm −1 which we attributed to the GeNH 2 vibrations. The samples prepared by glow discharge at a substrate temperature of 230°C in a GeH 4 + NH 3 atmosphere do not contain NH 2 absorption bands.

A new paramagnetic center associated with rare earths (RE) (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Er, and Lu) in amorphous silicon is reported. It is shown that RE impurities are incorporated in $a$-Si and that the density of paramagnetic dangling bonds decreases as a consequence of the presence of these impurities. An interpretation in terms of RE $6s$ orbitals and crystal-field-split $5d$ orbital hybridization suggests that the RE behaves as an acceptor impurity with an associated hole in the $a$-Si valence-band tail, which is responsible for the observed resonance at a $g$ value of 2.10\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01.

We present a study of local order in the novel semiconductor alloy a-${\mathrm{Ge}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{x}}$:H using extended x-ray-absorption fine structure (EXAFS) at the Ge K edge. We find that the first coordination shell is composed of Ge and N, the relative importance of which varies with the total N concentration. A careful analysis also allowed us to identify a second-shell contribution due to Ge atoms linked to the central Ge via N. All mean interatomic distances were found to be independent of nitrogen concentration. By measuring the mean-square relative fluctuation of the second-shell interatomic distance we give an upper limit to nitrogen bond-angle fluctuations, providing the first such determination by EXAFS in amorphous semiconductor alloys.

Near the dripline, where the energy needed to remove one nucleon is low enough or even negative, neutron emission from neutron-rich nuclei is a characteristic phenomenon. Ground state two-neutron decays are a special case that may occur once we go beyond the dripline. The spectroscopy and neutron decay of the most neutron-rich isotopes of Beryllium 14Be, 15Be and especially 16Be have been investigated during different experimental campaigns at RIBF-RIKEN using the SAMURAI setup and the NEBULA neutron array. For the latter, the state-of-the-art MINOS target was added to the standard setup.Our experimental approach and a thorough treatment of multi-neutron events have made possible an extensive analysis on the three-body correlations in fragment+n+n decays from two-neutron unbound states. For the first time, the ground state and first excited state of 16Be have been unambiguously observed, and the correlation analyses show a clear direct neutron-pair emission from both states. In order to interpret the experimental distributions, the neutron-pair emission (nn) has been characterized from microscopic principles. A joint effort between experiment and theory has allowed a direct comparison to connect the experimental nn signal we observe with the three-body wave-function., A la limite de stabilité nucléaire, où l'énergie nécessaire pour enlever un nucléon tend vers zéro, l'émission de neutrons est un phénomène caractéristique des noyaux riches en neutrons. La désintégration "deux neutrons" d'un noyau à l'état fondamental est un cas particulier qui peut se produire au-delà de cette limite. La spectroscopie et la désintégration des isotopes les plus riches en neutrons du béryllium 14Be, 15Be et surtout 16Be ont été étudiées lors de différentes campagnes expérimentales au RIBF-RIKEN en utilisant le dispositif SAMURAI couplé au détecteur de neutrons NEBULA. Dans ce dernier cas, la cible MINOS a été ajoutée à la configuration standard.L'approche expérimentale et un traitement approfondi des événements multi-neutron ont rendu possible une analyse détaillée des corrélations à trois corps fragment+n+n à partir d'états non liés à deux neutrons. Pour la première fois, l’état fondamental et le premier état excité du 16Be ont été observés sans ambiguïté, et les analyses des corrélations montrent clairement une émission directe de paires de neutrons a partir des deux états. Afin d'interpréter les distributions expérimentales, l'émission de paires de neutrons (nn) a été caractérisée à partir d'une approche théorique microscopique. La comparaison directe entre les résultats expérimentaux et les prédictions théoriques a permis de relier le signal expérimental nn que nous observons à la fonction d'onde à trois corps.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2019-12-10T19:55:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Amanda Lima Albuquerque Jamas.pdf: 2108487 bytes, checksum: ab2eb5e86d4c91aceff107227d3edf52 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-10T19:55:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Amanda Lima Albuquerque Jamas.pdf: 2108487 bytes, checksum: ab2eb5e86d4c91aceff107227d3edf52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 CNPq In Rio de Janeiro, fish production is broadly quota species, but some are in overfishing situation, becoming important to study potentially usable species from a nutritional point of view, in view of the high volume of arrivals and low economic exploitation that some species such as catfish, offer the state. The catfish-white was the object of study of this work, as was among one of the eleven species most landed at the national level in 2010, and low utilization in the consumer market. In the municipality of Itaguai, RJ, at certain times of the year this species has certain demand and good acceptance by the local consumer market in the salt form and / or dry. The objective of this study was to elaborate a salted and dried product from a species of catfish (Genidens barbus) captured in the Bay of Sepetiba, species of low commercial value in the municipality of Itaguai, from artisanal processing techniques as a way to conserve and add value to fish. Chemical composition analysis of Genidens barbus were held in natura over the seasons (fall, winter, spring, summer) and the evaluation of the performance of the filleting process. The physical and chemical quality of the raw material showed satisfactory. To evaluate the best answers in the preparation of salted and dried catfish white, we used the response surface methodology, with the independent variables: salt concentration (10, 13, 20, 27, 30%) and drying temperature (30, 33, 40, 47, 50 ?C) and dependent in post-curing moisture, post-drying moisture determination chlorides, soluble proteins in the brine, TBARS at 0 (zero), 7, 14, 21 days, processing yield, water loss, weight loss. The results obtained for salted and dried product were satisfactory in terms of nutritional quality, physico-chemical and microbiological. The yield of the filleting process was 27.42%. From the results obtained, it was observed that the maximum water loss occurred when the osmotic treatment was carried out in more concentrated salt solutions (27% and 30%) and higher temperatures within the ranges studied in this work (47? C and 50? C). The loss of soluble proteins in the brine was negligible in the salting process. TBARS The results obtained in this study showed a better application of Genidens Barbus processing for samples processed with higher salt concentrations (27 and 30%), showing that lipid oxidation occurred more rapidly at low concentrations over the storage time. The work showed that the catfish-white, it is feasible to low investment technological processes (salting and drying) in fishing communities, showing possible the development of a product with higher added value using good manufacturing practices. The salting process proved to be an excellent fish conservation method, beyond its desirable sensory property and high nutritional value, and that should be encouraged in our country with the use of good manufacturing practices. Therefore, it is believed that further studies should be conducted so that more information on the processing of this kind have been acquired. No Rio de Janeiro, a produ??o de pescado ocorre de maneira ampla em contingente de esp?cies, por?m, algumas se encontram em situa??o de sobrepesca, tornando- se importante o estudo de esp?cies potencialmente aproveit?veis do ponto de vista nutricional, tendo em vista o alto volume de desembarque e a baixa explora??o econ?mica que algumas esp?cies, como o Bagre, oferecem no Estado. O Bagre-branco foi objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, pois esteve entre uma das onze esp?cies mais desembarcadas em n?vel nacional em 2010, e de baixo aproveitamento no mercado consumidor. No Munic?pio de Itagua?, RJ, em determinadas ?pocas do ano esta esp?cie apresenta certa demanda e boa aceitabilidade pelo mercado consumidor local sob a forma salgada e/ou seca. O objetivo do presente estudo foi elaborar um produto salgado e seco a partir de uma esp?cie de bagre (Genidens barbus) capturado na Ba?a de Sepetiba, esp?cie de baixo valor comercial no Munic?pio de Itagua?, a partir de t?cnicas de processamento artesanal, como forma de conservar e agregar valor ao pescado. Foram realizadas an?lises de composi??o centesimal de Genidens barbus in natura ao longo das esta??es do ano (outono, inverno, primavera, ver?o) e a avalia??o do rendimento do processo de filetagem. A qualidade f?sico-qu?mica da mat?ria-prima apresentou-se satisfat?ria. Para avaliar as melhores respostas na elabora??o de bagre-branco salgado e seco, foi utilizada a metodologia de superf?cie de resposta, com as vari?veis independentes: concentra??o de sal (10, 13, 20, 27, 30 %) e temperatura de secagem (30, 33, 40, 47, 50 ?C) e as dependentes: umidade p?s-salga, umidade p?s-secagem, determina??o de cloretos, prote?nas sol?veis na salmoura, TBARS nos tempos 0 (zero), 7, 14, 21 dias, rendimento do processamento, perda de ?gua e perda de peso. Os resultados obtidos para o produto salgado e seco foram satisfat?rios quanto ? qualidade nutricional, f?sico-qu?mica e microbiol?gica. O rendimento do processo de filetagem foi de 27,42 %. A partir dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que a m?xima perda de ?gua ocorreu quando o tratamento osm?tico foi conduzido em solu??es mais concentradas de sal (27 % e 30 %) e temperaturas mais elevadas dentro das faixas estudadas neste estudo (47 ?C e 50 ?C). A perda de prote?nas sol?veis na salmoura foi pouco significativa no processo de salga. Os resultados de TBARS obtidos apontaram melhor aplica??o do processamento de Genidens barbus para amostras processadas com maiores concentra??es de sal (27 e 30 %), evidenciando que a oxida??o lip?dica ocorreu mais rapidamente em baixas concentra??es ao longo dos tempos de armazenamento. O estudo mostrou que o bagre-branco, ? vi?vel aos processos tecnol?gicos de baixo investimento (salga e secagem) em comunidades pesqueiras, mostrando ser poss?vel a elabora??o de um produto de maior valor agregado com o uso de boas pr?ticas de fabrica??o. O processo de salga mostrou ser um excelente m?todo de conserva??o do pescado, al?m de seus atributos sensoriais e alto valor nutritivo, e que, deveria ser difundido em nosso pa?s. Portanto, acredita-se que novos estudos devam ser conduzidos para que mais informa??es sobre o processamento dessa esp?cie sejam adquiridas.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2019-11-25T16:24:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Danielle Regis Pires.pdf: 1816117 bytes, checksum: dfb2b478164113d299c74d3251ce67cd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-25T16:24:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Danielle Regis Pires.pdf: 1816117 bytes, checksum: dfb2b478164113d299c74d3251ce67cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-24 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES Fisheries present high nutritional value providing health benefits. Recently, fish production and consumption have increased national and internationally, as a result of aquaculture development, as extractive fishing is stagnant. Concurrently, there has been an increase in waste generation and disposal of by-catch species. These species without commercial value, could be landed for human consumption. In Brazil, fish per capita consumption is lower than recommended by World Health Organization and part of the population still suffers from protein deficiency. Programa Nacional de Alimenta??o Escolar aims to offer the nutritional needs to public schools students during the school year. There is cooperation between Minist?rio da Pesca e Aquicultura and Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento Escolar to make fish common in meals, favoring artisanal fishermen and public school students. The aim of this study was to prepare fishburguer from low commercial value marine fishes captured in Sepetiba Bay and present the products as a proposal for inclusion in school feeding of Itagua?-RJ municipality. Chemical composition was performed to Carapeba (Diapterus spp.), Cocoroca (Haemulon spp.), Pescada-bicuda (Sphyraena tome) and Ubarana (Albula vulpes). Due to the better nutritional value and greater availability, ubarana was chosen as raw material for preparation of fishburguers. The products were developed from minced fish meat. Both the raw material and the products presented satisfactory physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. Ubarana yielded in minced fish 39.53% to 48.49%, being consistent with the literature. To determine the best answers for the development of fishburguer, we used the response surface methodology, where independent variables were cassava starch concentration (0, 2, 5, 8 and 10%) and washing time of minced fish (0, 9, 30, 51 and 60 seconds) and the dependent were moisture content, water holding capacity and yield percentages and shrinking fishburguers in cooking. The best results were obtained for the higher starch concentrations and reduced washing times. Fishburguers were prepared with 5%, 8% and 10% of starch and no washing of minced fish, and performed chemical composition and sensory analysis. Both raw and grilled fishburguers showed good nutritional value, especially high protein and low lipids contents. The results for the notes to the sensory attributes overall appearance, color, aroma, taste and texture, as well as the acceptance rate for the ordination by preference and purchase intent were slightly better for the formulation containing 8% starch. The elaborated fishburguers had good nutritional value and were well accepted, thus they can be used in school feeding, favoring both the students and the artisanal fishermen and the environment. For this, political and bureaucratic issues should be resolved by the entities responsible for the interests of artisanal fishermen and the students of the city O pescado apresenta elevado valor nutricional fornecendo benef?cios ? sa?de. Nos ?ltimos anos, a produ??o e o consumo de pescado tem aumentado em n?veis nacional e internacional, decorrentes do desenvolvimento da aquicultura, pois a pesca extrativa encontra-se estagnada. Concomitantemente, tem ocorrido aumento na gera??o de res?duos e no descarte de esp?cies da fauna acompanhante. Estas esp?cies, sem valor comercial, poderiam ser desembarcadas para consumo humano. No Brasil, o consumo per capita de pescado encontra-se abaixo do recomendado pela Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de e parte consider?vel da popula??o ainda sofre de defici?ncia proteica. O Programa Nacional de Alimenta??o Escolar objetiva atender ?s necessidades nutricionais de alunos da rede p?blica durante o ano letivo. Existe um Acordo de Coopera??o entre o Minist?rio da Pesca e Aquicultura e o Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento Escolar para tornar o pescado mais frequente na merenda, favorecendo pescadores artesanais e alunos de escolas p?blicas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi elaborar fishburguer ? base de pescado marinho de baixo valor comercial capturado na Ba?a de Sepetiba e apresentar os produtos elaborados como proposta para inser??o na alimenta??o escolar do munic?pio de Itagua?-RJ. Foram realizadas an?lises de composi??o centesimal de Carapeba (Diapterus spp.), Cocoroca (Haemulon spp.), Pescada-bicuda (Sphyraena tome) e Ubarana (Albula vulpes). Devido ao melhor valor nutricional e ? maior disponibilidade, ubarana foi escolhida como mat?ria-prima para elabora??o dos fishburguers. Os produtos foram desenvolvidos a partir de carne triturada de pescado (CTP). Tanto a mat?ria-prima como os produtos apresentaram caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas satisfat?rias. Ubarana apresentou rendimento em CTP de 39,53% a 48,49%, sendo compat?vel com a literatura. Para avaliar as melhores respostas na elabora??o de fishburguer, foi utilizada a metodologia de superf?cie de resposta, com as vari?veis independentes: concentra??o de f?cula de mandioca (0, 2, 5, 8 e 10%) e tempo de lavagem da CTP (0, 9, 30, 51 e 60 segundos) e as dependentes: teor de umidade, capacidade de reten??o de ?gua e percentuais de rendimento e encolhimento dos fishburguers na coc??o. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para as maiores concentra??es de f?cula e menores tempos de lavagem. Assim, foram elaborados fishburguers com 5%, 8% e 10% de f?cula e sem lavagem da CTP, sendo estes destinados ?s an?lises de composi??o centesimal e sensoriais. Todos os fishburguers tanto crus como grelhados apresentaram bom valor nutricional, com destaque para o elevado teor proteico e baixo teor de lip?dios. Os resultados para as notas dos atributos sensoriais apar?ncia global, cor, aroma, gosto e textura, bem como para os ?ndices de aceita??o, para a ordena??o por prefer?ncia e para a inten??o de compra foram ligeiramente melhores para a formula??o contendo 8% de f?cula. Os fishburguers elaborados apresentaram bom valor nutricional e foram bem aceitos, podendo ser utilizados na alimenta??o escolar, favorecendo tanto os discentes como os pescadores artesanais e o meio ambiente. Para isto, quest?es pol?ticas e burocr?ticas devem ser resolvidas pelas entidades respons?veis por interesses dos pescadores artesanais bem como dos discentes do munic?pio.