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Growing evidence indicates that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels contribute to different forms of pruritus. However, the endogenous mediators that cause itch through transient receptor potential channels signaling are poorly understood. In this study, we show that genetic deletion or pharmacological antagonism of TRPV4 attenuated itch in a mouse model of psoriasis induced by topical application of imiquimod. Human psoriatic lesions showed increased expression of several microRNAs, including the miR-203b-3p, which induced a calcium ion response in rodent dorsal root ganglion neurons and scratching behavior in mice through 5-HTR2B activation and the protein kinase C‒dependent phosphorylation of TRPV4. Computer simulation revealed that the miR-203b-3p core sequence (GUUAAGAA) that causes 5-HTR2B/TRPV4-dependent itch targets the extracellular side of 5-HTR2B by interacting with a portion of the receptor pocket consistent with its activation. Overall, we reveal the unconventional pathophysiological role of an extracellular microRNA that can behave as an itch promoter through 5-HTR2B and TRPV4.

The creation of The 100 Million Brazilian Cohort was motivated by the availability of high quality but dispersed social and health databases in Brazil and the need to integrate data and evaluate the impact of policies aiming to improve the social determinants of health (e.g. social protection policies) on health outcomes, overall and in subgroups of interest in a dynamic cohort. • The baseline of The 100 Million Brazilian Cohort comprises 131 697 800 low-income individuals in 35 358 415 families from 2011 to 2018. The Cohort population is mostly composed of children and young adults, with a higher proportion of females than the general Brazilian population, who identify themselves as Brown and live in the urban area of the country. • Exposure to social protection and the follow-up of individuals are obtained through: (i) deterministic linkage using the Social Identification Number (NIS) to link the Cohort baseline to social protection programmes and to periodically renewed socioeconomic information in Cadatro U ́ nico datasets; and/or (ii) non-deterministic linkage using the CIDACS-RL non-deterministic linkage tool, to link the Cohort baseline to administrative health care datasets such as mortality (Mortality Information System, SIM), disease notification (Information System for Notifiable Diseases, SINAN), birth information (Live Birth Information System, SINASC) and nutrition status (Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, SISVAN). • So far, studies have used The 100 Million Brazilian Cohort to investigate the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of leprosy, leprosy treatment outcomes and low birthweight and to evaluate the impact of the Bolsa Familia Programme (BFP) on leprosy and child mortality. Other studies are now being conducted that are of utmost relevance to the health inequalities of Brazil and many low- and middle-income countries, and many research opportunities are being opened up with the linkage of a range of health outcomes.

Proteomic studies on cyanobacterial biofilms can be an effective approach to unravel metabolic pathways involved in biofilm formation and, consequently, obtain more efficient biofouling control strategies. Biofilm development by the filamentous cyanobacterium Toxifilum sp. LEGE 06021 was evaluated on different surfaces, glass and perspex, and at two significant shear rates for marine environments (4 s−1 and 40 s−1). Higher biofilm development was observed at 4 s−1. Overall, about 1877 proteins were identified, and differences in proteome were more noticeable between hydrodynamic conditions than those found between surfaces. Twenty Differentially Expressed Proteins (DEPs) were found between 4 s−1 vs. 40 s−1. On glass, some of these DEPs include phage tail proteins, a carotenoid protein, cyanophynase glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and the MoaD/ThiS family protein, while on perspex, DEPs include transketolase, dihydroxy-acid dehydratase, iron ABC transporter substrate-binding protein and protein NusG. This study contributes to developing a standardized protocol for proteomic analysis of filamentous cyanobacterial biofilms. This kind of proteomic analysis can also be useful for different research fields, given the broad spectrum of promising secondary metabolites and added-value compounds produced by cyanobacteria, as well as for the development of new antibiofilm strategies.

Bivalves constitute an important source of proteins for human consumption, but some accumulate biotoxins such as diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs), constituting a risk to human health. The cockle Cerastoderma edule is one of the most important species harvested in the Portuguese coast but also one of the most affected species due to recurrent DSTs exposure. However, little is known regarding the effects of the toxins produced by blooming dinoflagellates on C. edule. Herein, we explore the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) of two tissues (gills and digestive gland) from wild cockles sampled in Portugal, through their whole transcriptomic response in two different seasons (exposed and not exposed to DSTs). The de novo transcriptome assembly returned 684,723 contigs, N50 of 1049, and 98.53% completeness. Altogether, 1098 DEGs were identified, of which 353 DEGs were exclusive for the digestive gland, 536 unique for the gills and 209 DEGs were common. Among DEGs were identified known DSTs-biomarkers including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, cytochrome P450, ABC transporters, actin and tubulin-related proteins, Heat shock proteins and complement C1Q-like proteins. This study provides the first transcriptomic profile of C. edule, giving new insights about its molecular responses under different environmental conditions of DSTs exposure.

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is a climacteric product with a short post-harvest shelf life. The exogenous use of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and ultraviolet radiation (UV) has been shown to be efficient in maintaining the firmness and quality of several fruits. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of exogenous application of calcium chloride and ultraviolet radiation on postharvest conservation of tomato fruits. For this, the fruits were: submerged in 1% calcium chloride and exposed to ultraviolet radiation; immersed in 1% calcium chloride only; and fruits exposed only to ultraviolet radiation. Fruits not submerged in CaCl2 and not exposed to UV radiation were used as controls. After application of treatments, fruits were stored under ambient conditions and evaluated at times 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days after harvest. Fresh mass loss, fruit firmness, skin color, soluble solids content, pH, total titratable acidity, ratio between total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (ATT) were evaluated. There was an increase in fresh mass loss over time in all treatments. Fruits not immersed or those immersed in CaCl2+UV chloride showed greater firmness maintenance. It can be concluded that the fruits subjected to ultraviolet radiation showed less loss of fresh mass at the end of the analysis, and the use of calcium chloride together with UV radiation maintained the firmness of the fruits throughout storage. El tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum) es un producto climatérico con una corta vida útil poscosecha. Se ha demostrado que el uso exógeno de cloruro de calcio (CaCl2) y radiación ultravioleta (UV) es eficaz para mantener la firmeza y la calidad de varias frutas. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la aplicación exógena de cloruro de calcio y radiación ultravioleta en la conservación poscosecha de frutos de tomate. Para ello, los frutos fueron: sumergidos en cloruro cálcico al 1% y expuestos a radiación ultravioleta; sumergido en cloruro de calcio al 1% solamente; y frutas expuestas únicamente a la radiación ultravioleta. Se utilizaron como controles frutas no sumergidas en CaCl2 y no expuestas a radiación UV. Después de la aplicación de los tratamientos, los frutos se almacenaron en condiciones ambientales y se evaluaron en los tiempos 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 y 15 días después de la cosecha. Se evaluó la pérdida de masa fresca, la firmeza del fruto, el color de la piel, el contenido de sólidos solubles, el pH, la acidez titulable total, la relación entre los sólidos solubles totales (TSS) y la acidez titulable (ATT). Hubo un aumento en la pérdida de masa fresca con el tiempo en todos los tratamientos. Las frutas no sumergidas o las sumergidas en CaCl2 + cloruro UV mostraron mayor mantenimiento de firmeza. Se puede concluir que los frutos sometidos a radiación ultravioleta mostraron menor pérdida de masa fresca al final del análisis, y el uso de cloruro de calcio junto con radiación UV mantuvo la firmeza de los frutos durante todo el almacenamiento. O tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum) é um produto climatérico apresentando assim curto tempo de vida útil pós-colheita. O uso exógeno de cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2) e da radiação ultravioleta (UV), tem se mostrado eficiente na manutenção da firmeza e da qualidade de diversos frutos. Diante disso, este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da aplicação exógena de cloreto de cálcio e radiação ultravioleta na conservação pós-colheita de frutos de tomate. Para isso, os frutos foram: submersos em cloreto de cálcio a 1% e expostos a radiação ultravioleta; imersos somente em cloreto de cálcio a 1%; e frutos expostos apenas à radiação ultravioleta. Frutos não submersos no CaCl2 e não expostos a radiação UV foram utilizados como controle. Após aplicação dos tratamentos os frutos foram armazenados em condições ambientes e avaliados nos tempos 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 dias após a colheita. Avaliou-se, perda de massa fresca, firmeza do fruto, cor da casca, teor de sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez titulável total, razão entre os sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e acidez titulável (ATT). Verificou-se o aumento da perda de massa fresca, ao longo do tempo em todos os tratamentos. Frutos não imersos ou aqueles imersos em cloreto de CaCl2+UV apresentaram maior manutenção da firmeza. Pode-se concluir que, os frutos submetidos à radiação ultravioleta apresentaram menor perda de massa fresca ao final das análises, e o uso do cloreto de cálcio juntamente com a radiação UV mantiveram a firmeza dos frutos ao longo do armazenamento.

INTRODUCTION: Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are rare intraventricular neoplasms of epithelial origin. They usually occur in the 2nd year of life, corresponding to 0.4-0.6% of intracranial tumors in this age group. They are classified, according to WHO 2021: choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), atypical choroid plexus papilloma (ACPP) and choroid plexus papilloma (CPP). Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is present in 50% of patients with CPC. In Brazil, the TP53p.R337H mutation affects 0.3% of the population in the South/Southeast. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the genetic assessment and overall-survival (OS) of patients with CPT treated at IOP/GRAACC/UNIFESP. PATIENTS/METHODS: Between 1995-2021, 48 patients were diagnosed with CPT in our institution, 27 CPC, 18 CPP and 3 ACPP. From 2012-2021 patients were referred for genetic evaluation, 16 of which had CPC (2 had previously CPP). Family history for neoplasms was present in 87.5%, 37.5% compatible with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) of which 50% with positive mutations. The molecular investigation of TP53 gene in patients with CPC was performed and positive in 62,5%:R337H(6 patients), R110C*, R158H*, H179R*, R196* (*1 patient each). For those with R337H, p53 protein immunohistochemistry resulted in 90-100% positivity. Treatment strategies consisted of surgery with gross total resection being achieve in all ACPP, 94,4% CPP and 55,5% CPC. Chemotherapy was performed in only 1 case of ACPP and all CPC with a variety of schemas, including high dose of chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplant for slow responders or recurrent disease. The three- and five-years OS for CPC was 72.5% and 61.7%, respectively. For CPP and ACPP 5y OS was 100%. CONCLUSION: The present study is in agreement with the literature showing an excellent survival for CPP and ACPP but an inferior outcome for patients with CPC and TP53 mutation despite being assisted by a well-prepared multidisciplinary team with an adequate treatment.

Nos últimos anos tem aumentado a busca por mudanças do estilo de vida, prática de atividade física e alimentação que possam propiciar melhorias da imagem corporal e maior similaridade com o padrão imposto pela mídia. Considerando o contexto exposto, este estudo objetivou avaliar o nível de satisfação corporal autorreferida com a alimentação e a prática de musculação. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, transversal e quantitativo realizado através de questionário anônimo autoaplicável online disponibilizado no sistema “Google Forms”. Foram coletados dados como peso, estatura, prática de musculação, tempo de treino, objetivo primário e atual com a prática de atividade física e presença de acompanhamento nutricional. A satisfação com a imagem corporal foi avaliada através da Escala de Silhueta Masculina (ESM) e Escala de Silhueta Feminina (ESF). O índice de massa corporal foi calculado através do peso e altura relatados e analisado de acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde. A análise do índice de massa corporal demonstrou que, dentre as mulheres (n = 102), 72,55% (n = 74) eram eutróficas, 23,53% (n = 24) apresentavam excesso de peso e 3,92% (n = 4) apresentavam baixo peso. Com relação aos homens (n = 56), 57,14% (n = 32) apresentavam excesso de peso e os demais, 42,86% (n = 24), eram eutróficos. Foi observada uma taxa de insatisfação corporal semelhante entre as mulheres (67,65%) e homens (66,07%). No grupo masculino o objetivo mais expressivo com a prática de atividade física foi referente ao ganho de massa muscular (51,79% do total dos homens) e das mulheres foi a perda de peso associada ao ganho de massa muscular (40,20% do total de mulheres). Foi possível verificar que a satisfação foi maior dentre as pessoas que realizavam alimentação saudável (50,79%), quando comparado com aquelas que realizam alimentação moderadamente saudável (21,11%) ou não saudável (20%). Dentre as 52 pessoas adeptas a dietas acompanhados por nutricionista (AN) e que alegaram ter alcançado plenamente ou parcialmente seus objetivos com a musculação 48,08% delas eram adeptas à dietas com alto teor proteico (AP). Conclui-se que a prática de atividade física orientada por educador físico e a adoção de um plano alimentar elaborado por nutricionista podem maximizar o alcance dos objetivos, melhorar a satisfação com a imagem corporal e promover saúde e qualidade de vida.

The selective oxidative conversion of seven representative fully characterized biomasses recovered as secondary feedstocks from the agroindustry is reported. The reaction system, known as the “OxFA process,” involves a homogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst (H8PV5Mo7O40), gaseous oxygen, p-toluene sulfonic acid, and water as solvent. It took place at 20 bar and 90 °C and transformed agro-industrial wastes, such as coffee husks, cocoa husks, palm rachis, fiber and nuts, sugarcane bagasse, and rice husks into biogenic formic acid, acetic acid, and CO2 as sole products. Even though all samples were transformed; remarkably, the reaction obtains up to 64, and 55% combined yield of formic and acetic acid for coffee and cocoa husks as raw material within 24 h, respectively. In addition to the role of the catalysts and additive for promoting the reaction, the influence of biomass components (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) into biogenic formic acid formation has been also demonstrated. Thus, these results are of major interest for the application of novel oxidation techniques under real recovered biomass for producing value-added products. Graphical abstract

This study aims to prepare a homemade bread added with eggshell flour and evaluate its sensory, nutritional, and microbiological quality. Three bread formulations were prepared to contain potato, soy oil, eggs, crystal sugar, green coconut milk, eggshell flour, dry biological yeast, nutmeg and salt, and different proportions of traditional and whole wheat flour. The project was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Centro Universitário Una de Belo Horizonte. The acceptability test was carried out using the hedonic scale and the purchase and consumption intention tests. The bromatological analysis of protein, fat, fiber, calcium, sodium, moisture and ash for the preparation of nutritional information containing energy value, carbohydrates, proteins, total fats, saturated fats, trans fats, dietary fiber, calcium, and sodium were carried out in the sample. better acceptability. Microbiological analyzes of coagulase-positive Staphylococci, presumptive Bacillus cereus, yeasts and molds, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. The global evaluation of the formulations F1, F2, and F3 for the sensory attributes had averages of 7.87±1.09; 8.06±1.28, and 7.74±1.54 and for the intention to consume and purchase 5.6±1.30; 5.74±1.67 and 5.48±1.73, respectively. The bread was presented as a food source of fiber, low in sodium, and within the microbiological standards for consumption. It was concluded that the homemade bread added with lactose-free eggshell flour obtained great acceptance among the evaluators and proved to be a product with great market potential. El objetivo de este estudio es elaborar un pan casero con harina de cáscara de huevo y evaluar su calidad sensorial, nutricional y microbiológica. Se prepararon tres formulaciones de pan que contenían papa, aceite de soja, huevos, azúcar cristal, leche de coco verde, harina de cáscara de huevo, levadura biológica seca, nuez moscada y sal y diferentes proporciones de harina de trigo tradicional e integral. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación del Centro Universitário Una de Belo Horizonte. La prueba de aceptabilidad se realizó mediante la escala hedónica y las pruebas de intención de compra y consumo. En la muestra mejor aceptabilidad. Los análisis microbiológicos de estafilococos coagulasa positivos, presunto Bacillus cereus, mohos y levaduras, Escherichia coli y Salmonella spp. La evaluación global de las formulaciones F1, F2 y F3 para los atributos sensoriales tuvo promedios de 7.87 ± 1.09; 8.06 ± 1.28 y 7.74 ± 1.54 y por la intención de consumir y comprar 5.6 ± 1.30; 5,74 ± 1,67 y 5,48 ± 1,73, respectivamente. El pan se presentó como fuente alimentaria de fibra, bajo en sodio y dentro de los estándares microbiológicos de consumo. Se concluyó que el pan casero adicionado con harina de cáscara de huevo sin lactosa obtuvo gran aceptación entre los evaluadores y resultó ser un producto con gran potencial de mercado. O objetivo deste estudo é elaborar um pão caseiro adicionado de farinha de casca de ovo e avaliar a sua qualidade sensorial, nutricional e microbiológica. Foram elaboradas três formulações de pães contendo batata inglesa, óleo de soja, ovos, açúcar cristal, leite de coco verde, farinha de casca de ovo, fermento biológico seco, noz moscada, sal e proporções diferentes de farinha de trigo tradicional e integral. O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética e pesquisa do Centro Universitário Una de Belo Horizonte. Realizaram-se os testes de aceitabilidade utilizando a escala hedônica e de intenção de compra e de consumo. As análises bromatológicas de proteína, gordura, fibra, cálcio, sódio, umidade e cinzas para elaboração da informação nutricional contendo valor energético, carboidratos, proteínas, gorduras totais, gorduras saturadas, gorduras trans, fibra alimentar, cálcio e sódio foram realizados na amostra de melhor aceitabilidade. Realizaram-se análises microbiológicas de Estafilococos coagulase positiva, Bacillus cereus presuntivo, bolores e leveduras, Escherichia coli e Salmonella spp. A avaliação global das formulações F1, F2 e F3 para os atributos sensoriais obtiveram médias de 7,87±1,09; 8,06±1,28 e 7,74±1,54 e para a intenção de consumo e de compra 5,6±1,30; 5,74±1,67 e 5,48±1,73, respectivamente. O pão se apresentou como um alimento fonte de fibras, baixo teor de sódio e dentro dos padrões microbiológicos para consumo. Concluiu-se que, o pão caseiro adicionado de farinha de casca de ovo isento de lactose obteve ótima aceitação entre os avaliadores e mostrou-se um produto com grande potencial de mercado.

Vivemos numa era digital onde as novas tecnologias, os dispositivos móveis e as redes sociais fazem parte da rotina do dia-a-dia das relações, do trabalho e do consumo. Os desafios são constantes, os negócios online concorrem diretamente com os espaços físicos comerciais e as redes sociais tornam-se um veículo de influência no comportamento do consumidor. Este contexto, contribui para o surgimento de outra vertente do comércio eletrónico denominada comércio social. Esta é uma experiência nova, de compra online, nas plataformas sociais como o Instagram, o que levou à pergunta de partida: “O Instagram é uma ferramenta útil para impulsionar as vendas online de produtos de moda?”. Para responder a esta questão é necessário conhecer o comportamento do consumidor no contexto do comércio social. Traçou-se, por isso, como foco deste estudo o processo de decisão de compra do consumidor online e como objetivo: identificar, através da perspetiva do consumidor, o papel do Instagram no processo de decisão de compra online de produtos de moda. A recolha dos dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e a ferramenta utilizada para a análise de conteúdo e identificação dos principais temas foi o Leximancer. Desta análise resultaram seis temas que retratam os pontos-chave da experiência dos consumidores: produto, comprar, gosto, preço, loja e feedback. A partir dos dados foi possível inferir que o Instagram tem um papel influenciador no comportamento do consumidor e leva à efetivação da compra online. We live in a digital age where new technologies, mobile devices and social networks are part of the daily routine of relationships, work and consumption. The challenges are constant, online businesses compete directly with commercial physical spaces and social networks become a vehicle of influence on consumer behaviour. This context contributes to the emergence of another aspect of e-commerce called social commerce. This is a new online shopping experience, on social platforms like Instagram, which led to the main question: "Is Instagram a useful tool for driving online sales of fashion products?". To answer this question, it is necessary to know consumer behaviour in the context of social commerce. Therefore, the focus of this study was to outline the online consumer purchase decision process and as objective: to identify, through the consumer perspective, the role of Instagram in the online purchase decision process of fashion products. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and the tool used for the analysis of content and identification of the main themes was the Leximancer. This analysis resulted in six themes that portray the key points of the consumer experience: product, buy, like, price, store and feedback. From the data, it was possible to infer that Instagram has an influential role in consumer behaviour and leads to the realization of online shopping.

(1) Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), benzodiazepines (BZD) are considered essential medicines for the treatment of several mental disorders in older adults over 65 years old. However, the long-term use of BZD could present a harmful impact on this population, leading to cognitive deficits, drug dependence, falls, and fractures. This study aims to analyze trends of BZD prescription to Portuguese older adults in the primary care setting, and to analyze the change in the prescription rate of BZD over time, assessing the geographical variability in mainland Portugal. (2) Methods: A nationwide, retrospective ecological study was performed between January 2019 and December 2021 for BZD prescribing data reported in a national public database for all persons aged 65 and older in mainland Portugal (about 2.4 million). Trends of BZD by defined daily doses (DDD) and per 1000 older adults’ inhabitants per day (DID) were analyzed. (3) Results: A total of 19 BZD were included in this study and more than 1 million BZD prescriptions were recorded in each year of this study period. BZD prescriptions were three times higher in females than in males. Alprazolam, lorazepam, diazepam, ethyl loflazepate, and bromazepam were the most prescribed BZD over the years, presenting the higher DDD and DID values. (4) Conclusions: Despite the DID value growth of several BZD, Portugal is now showing stable BZD prescriptions in older adults, between the years 2019 to 2021. More studies are needed to access if these results are a consequence of successful health programs or just a consequence of the pandemic context that we are facing, which limited older adults’ clinical appointments.

O objetivo principal do trabalho é investigar quais estratégias adotadas no Brasil atuam a favor de uma indústria automotiva mais inovadora e competitiva, no período compreendido entre 2008 a 2014. Além disso, outros fatores determinantes da inovação são também considerados, como: tipos de inovações adotados pela indústria; nível de significância da inovação para empresa principal responsável pela inovação, fontes de financiamento e incentivo público. A base de dados consiste na utilização das informações provenientes da Pesquisa de Inovação (PINTEC) aplicadas nas suas três últimas edições, a saber, 2008, 2011 e 2014. Os resultados revelaram que as estratégias adotadas pelas firmas brasileiras nos últimos anos são essenciais como fator determinante para seu desempenho inovador. Algumas condições também se mostraram importantes, como o grande número de firmas brasileiras incapazes de desenvolver atividades inovativas que gerenciem seu crescimento. Observou-se que mais de 50% das empresas brasileiras não realizaram inovações. Entre as razões que incapacitaram o setor, estão as condições de mercado e as incertezas econômicas existentes.

Bixin is the main natural apocarotenoid extracted from the seeds of Bixa orellana, widely used as a cosmetic and textile colorant. Despite the description of several pharmacological properties of B. orellana extracts, little has been studied regarding the pharmacological properties of bixin. Then we aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of bixin in preclinical models of inflammation and acute pain. The anti-inflammatory activity of bixin (15 or 30 mg/kg, orally) was determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in male Wistar rats. The antinociceptive effect of bixin was assessed in the formalin and hot plate tests in rats (at same doses) and in the acetic acid-induced writhing test in Swiss albino male mice (at doses of 27 or 53 mg/kg). General locomotor activity was evaluated in the open field test. Only the higher dose of bixin significantly decreased the carrageenan-induced paw edema and the MPO activity and increased the latency time in the hot plate. Both doses of bixin significantly reduced the number of flinches in both phases of the formalin test and the number of acetic acid-induced writhings without changing the locomotor performance in the open field test. This study validates the use of bixin as an anti-inflammatory trough mechanism related to the reduction of neutrophil migration. Furthermore, this is the first report showing the antinociceptive property of bixin, which does not appear to be related to the sedative effect. Further studies are necessary to characterize the mechanisms involved in these effects.

Vertebrates have some of the most complex and diverse features in animals, from varied craniofacial morphologies to colorful pigmentation patterns and elaborate social behaviors. All of these traits have their developmental origins in a multipotent embryonic lineage of neural crest cells. This "fourth germ layer" is a vertebrate innovation and the source of a wide range of adult cell types. While others have discussed the role of neural crest cells in human disease and animal domestication, less is known about their role in contributing to adaptive changes in wild populations. Here, we review how variation in the development of neural crest cells and their derivatives generates considerable phenotypic diversity in nature. We focus on the broad span of traits under natural and sexual selection whose variation may originate in the neural crest, with emphasis on behavioral factors such as intraspecies communication that are often overlooked. In all, we encourage the integration of evolutionary ecology with developmental biology and molecular genetics to gain a more complete understanding of the role of this single cell type in trait covariation, evolutionary trajectories, and vertebrate diversity.

Dry cough has been reported in patients receiving statin therapy. However, the underlying mechanism or other possible alterations in the airways induced by statins remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether simvastatin promotes alterations in airways, such as bronchoconstriction and plasma extravasation, as well as the mechanism involved in these events. Using methods to detect alterations in airway resistance and plasma extravasation, we demonstrated that simvastatin [20 mg/kg, intravenous (i.v.)] caused plasma extravasation in the trachea (79.8 + 14.8 μg/g/tissue) and bronchi (73.3 + 8.8 μg/g/tissue) of rats, compared to the vehicle (34.2 + 3.6 μg/g/tissue and 29.3 + 5.3 μg/g/tissue, respectively). N

We focus on the stalked goose barnacle L. anatifera adhesive system, an opportunistic less selective species for the substrate, found attached to a variety of floating objects at seas. Adhesion is an adaptative character in barnacles, ensuring adequate positioning in the habitat for feeding and reproduction. The protein composition of the cement multicomplex and adhesive gland was quantitatively studied using shotgun proteomic analysis. Overall, 11,795 peptide sequences were identified in the gland and 2206 in the cement, clustered in 1689 and 217 proteinGroups, respectively. Cement specific adhesive proteins (CPs), proteases, protease inhibitors, cuticular and structural proteins, chemical cues, and many unannotated proteins were found, among others. In the cement, CPs were the most abundant (80.5%), being the bulk proteins CP100k and -52k the most expressed of all, and CP43k-like the most expressed interfacial protein. Unannotated proteins comprised 4.7% of the cement proteome, ranking several of them among the most highly expressed. Eight of these proteins showed similar physicochemical properties and amino acid composition to known CPs and classified through Principal Components Analysis (PCA) as new CPs. The importance of PCA on the identification of unannotated non-conserved adhesive proteins, whose selective pressure is on their relative amino acid abundance, was demonstrated.

A cultura e o património cultural assumem-se como elementos fulcrais da sociedade. Grande parte desse património cultural é imaterial, um tipo de património sem forma física e, muitas vezes, sem qualquer registo. Considerando o papel das autarquias enquanto organismo público de proximidade com as comunidades, a par com a sua função política, as políticas culturais autárquicas assumem-se como o instrumento adequado a uma estratégia de salvaguarda deste património por parte das autarquias. Tomando como objeto de investigação o canto polifónico feminino, esta dissertação procura obter mais conhecimento sobre a salvaguarda e preservação deste património cultural imaterial específico, em 4 municípios da região centro de Portugal. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para clarificar a importância destas políticas autárquicas na salvaguarda do canto polifónico feminino. O plano de investigação aplicado é o de estudo de caso. Como método de recolha de dados realizou-se um inquérito recorrendo a um questionário junto da população e a entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto de atores políticos dos municípios em estudo. Os dados recolhidos permitiram perceber que há (re)conhecimento na comunidade acerca do canto polifónico feminino, mas que as políticas culturais autárquicas ainda não estão voltadas para esta temática. Em termos de salvaguarda, a investigação permite ressaltar a importância da intergeracionalidade, as dimensões sociais que este canto tem e de como pode representar um fator de empoderamento e capacitação para a população mais envelhecida. Conclui-se assim que é necessário um maior investimento nas políticas culturais autárquicas dos municípios analisados para que seja garantida a salvaguarda do canto polifónico feminino, visto que este pode potenciar o desenvolvimento social e local (a par do desenvolvimento e bem-estar individual das pessoas) das comunidades desenvolvidas. Culture and cultural heritage are essential to societies. Most of this cultural heritage is intangible, it does not hold a physical form and it is often not recorded. Municipal cultural policies are the most appropriate channel to enable a strategy that safeguards cultural heritage, given their proximity to the communities and their political role. This dissertation aims to seek deeper knowledge about a specific intangible cultural heritage that is the female polyphonic singing. It will collect the work that is being developed by 4 municipalities in the central region of Portugal. The present document also intends to clarify the significant importance of these policies as a safeguard for this type of cultural expression. The applied research plan is the case study. A survey was given to the population and semi-structured interviews were performed to the envisaged municipalities’ political actors to collect data. The collected data showed that the community has knowledge about the female polyphonic singing. However, the political public policies are not yet focused on this thematic. The present study highlight the importance of intergenerationality and the social dimensions of the female polyphonic singing, and how it may represent an empowerment factor to the older population. This also works as a protection of this heritage. As a conclusion: it is necessary a higher investment on the cultural policies of the analyzed municipalities, aiming to ensure the safeguard of the polyphonic female singing, and demonstrated that it can potentiate the communities’ local and social development – as well as the individuals’ own development and wellbeing. Mestrado em Administração e Gestão Pública

The aim was to investigate the influence of pacifier removal on the development of masticatory function and taste sensitivity in preschool children.Sixty children (mean age 48.2 months) were divided into two groups: pacifier group (n = 28) and a control group (n = 32), which were evaluated and followed up for a period of 12 months (at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year). Masticatory and swallowing functions were assessed using the Mastication Observation and Evaluation (MOE) protocol and Orofacial Myofunctional Rating (MBGR), respectively. Detection thresholds for sucrose and urea were measured by the staircase method. The two-way ANOVA mixed model was used for time*group interaction analysis.MOE scores improved significantly over time in both groups, although a significant difference between groups persisted after 1 year. On the other hand, swallowing scores were significantly different at baseline, but within 1 year, the scores were no longer different between groups. Chewing time and the number of cycles were not different between groups and both decreased after 1 year. Sucrose sensitivity was significantly greater in the control group at baseline and changed over time (p 0.05), being no longer different between groups after 6 months. Bitter sensitivity did not differ over time nor between groups.Detection threshold for sucrose differed significantly between children with and without pacifier habit at a mean age of 42 months. Total masticatory function did not self-correct after sucking habit removal within a 1-year period.Children with pacifier habit showed important changes in masticatory function that did not self-correct 1 year after cessation of the habit, highlighting the need for prevention and habit interruption as early as possible.

This work aimed to develop sensorial evaluation of the ideal formulation of tamarind nectar sweetened with xylitol. Tamarind fruits from farms in the region of Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil, processed and evaluated according to the physical-chemical parameters provided for in the legislation. From the pulp, nectars formulations with different concentrations of tamarind pulp were prepared: 20% (T20), 22% (T22), 24% (T24) and 26% (T26) and then physical-chemical, and sensory analyses (Ideal dilution) were performed. Subsequently, formulations of nectars were prepared with ideal proportion of pulp, with different concentrations of xylitol: 11% (T11), 12% (T12) and 13% (T13) and then performed physicochemical and sensorial analyses (Ideal sweetness). The physicochemical results from pulp and nectars were consistent with the identity and quality standards of pulp and juice of tamarind, with the exception of the results of total acidity of the nectars, since there is no standard of identity and quality for nectar of tamarind, which can may explain these differences. 106 consumers carried out the sensory test of ideal dilution and they indicated samples T24 and T26 as ideal in terms of dilution. In the sensory test of ideal sweetness, applied to 101 consumers, they indicated that the control (12% sugar) and T13 formulations were ideal. The ideal formulation of tamarind nectar consisted of 24% pulp and 13% xylitol. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y evaluar sensorialmente la formulación ideal de néctar de tamarindo endulzado com xilitol. Los frutos de tamarindo precedían de granjas de Araguari, Minas Gerais, procesados y evaluados según los parámetros físico-químicos previstos en la legislación. A partir de la pulpa se elaboraron formulaciones de néctares com diferentes concentraciones de pulpa de tamarindo: 20% (T20), 22% (T22), 24% (T24) y 26% (T26) y se realizaron análisis físico-químicos y sensoriales (dilución óptima). Posteriormente, se realizaron formulaciones de néctares com la proporción de pulpa considerada ideal en la prueba de dilución sensorial con diferentes concentraciones de xilitol: 11% (T11), 12% (T12) y 13% (T13) y se realizaron análisis físico-químicos y sensoriales (dulzura ideal). Los resultados físico-químicos de las pulpas e néctares estuvieron de acuerdo con los estándares de identidad y calidad de la pulpa y jugo de tamarindo, con excepción de los resultados de acidez total de los néctares, ya que no existe um stándar de identidad y calidad para el néctar de tamarindo, el cual puede explicar estas diferencias. La prueba sensorial de dilución ideal fue realizada por 106 consumidores e indicaron las muestras T24 y T26 como ideales en términos de dilución. En la prueba sensorial de dulzura ideal, aplicada a 101 consumidores, indicaron que las formulaciones de control (12% de azúcar) y T13 eran ideales. La formulación ideal de néctar de tamarindo consistía en 24% de pulpa y 13% de xilitol. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar sensorialmente a formulação ideal de néctar de tamarindo adoçado com xilitol. Os frutos de tamarindo foram obtidos de fazendas de Araguari, Minas Gerais, processados e avaliados conformes os parâmetros físico-químicos previstos na legislação. A partir da polpa, foram elaboradas formulações de néctares com diferentes concentrações de polpa de tamarindo: 20% (T20), 22% (T22), 24% (T24) e 26% (T26) e realizadas análises físico-químicas e sensoriais (diluição ideal). Posteriormente, formulações de néctares com a proporção de polpa considerada ideal no teste sensorial de diluição foram elaboradas com diferentes concentrações de xilitol: 11% (T11), 12% (T12) e 13% (T13) e realizadas análises físico-químicas e sensoriais (doçura ideal). Os resultados físico-químicos das polpas e néctares foram conformes os padrões de identidade e qualidade de polpa e suco de tamarindo, com exceção dos resultados de acidez total dos néctares, visto que não há padrão de identidade e qualidade para néctar de tamarindo, o que pode explicar estas diferenças. O teste sensorial de diluição ideal foi realizado por 106 consumidores e estes indicaram as amostras T24 e T26 como as ideais em termos de diluição. No teste sensorial de doçura ideal, aplicado para 101 consumidores, estes indicaram que as formulações controle (12% de açúcar) e T13 foram as ideais. A formulação ideal de néctar de tamarindo foi a constituída de 24% de polpa e 13% de xilitol.

A prevalência da obesidade vem aumentando e apresentando alterações ao longo dos anos com predominâncias nas populações mais pobres, principalmente entre as mulheres. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a correlação entre circunferência de cintura e renda em mulheres de 18 a 60 anos em uma clínica escola de Belo Horizonte-MG. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, de caráter transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo, com dados coletados de fichas de anamnese inicial de pacientes que procuraram atendimento nutricional. Como critério de inclusão utilizou-se: idade, sexo, circunferência de cintura (CC), índice de massa corporal (IMC), ter informado renda individual, renda familiar e escolaridade. Com o fim de investigar os fatores que podem estar relacionados com índices morfométricos observados, foram consideradas como variáveis preditoras a renda familiar e o nível de escolaridade, e como variáveis resposta a classificação de CC e IMC. Os resultados mostram que a maior parte dos indivíduos com pré-obesidade (n=39, 32,5%), obesidade grau I (n=23, 35,38%), grau II (n=12, 41,37%) e III (n=5, 41,66%) tem idade acima dos 40 anos. Assim como mostram que a classificação da CC aumenta em consonância com a idade, onde a maior parte das mulheres classificadas com risco muito elevado tem idade entre 41 a 60 anos (n=54, 40,90%). As mulheres com rendas menores apresentam maior CC, observada através da classificação, sendo 74,60% (n= 47) das classificadas com risco elevado e 85,60% (n= 113) das com risco muito elevado. A predominância de obesidade em mulheres de baixa renda, constatada no presente estudo, evidencia o atual modelo de pobreza urbana.

Introduction: Elders are a heterogeneous group with gender and age-based differences. The frailty concept makes the debate about the major factor that leads those patients to emergency relevant. Therefore, the high potential of morbidity and mortality of neurological occurrences established the scenario in which this study has been designed. Objective: Report the number of hospitalizations by neurological diseases to evaluate its prevalence in the context of emergency admissions and establish a connection between etiology-health promotion. Methods: It is a cross-sectional retrospective study settled in Juiz de Fora, which is part of the Consórcio Intermunicipal de Saúde da Região Sudeste (CISDESTE). Care provided by Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) to elderly above 61 years old for the period between April/2015 to March/2019 were included in Microsoft Excel 2010 spreadsheets. Information such as age, gender, and type of patient’s neurological occurrence was added to the script. Results: In the period of analysis, 28718 occurrences of elders attended by SAMU were notified. From this total, 7778 (27%) were related to neurological occurrences. Analyzing gender, female patients represented the majority of occurrences, despite the incidence of neurological disorders, which was lower than in male patients (23,5% to 25,6% and 28,5% to 34,5% respectively). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that male is a population at risk of disabling and acute neurological events. The importance of individual care to the elderly is noted, and new studies must be done.

Jurisprudência comentada do curso Recurso Especial 1.641.011/PA. Submitted by phemiran@stj.jus.br (phemiran@stj.jus.br) on 2021-06-11T20:35:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 termo_incial_prazo_campos.pdf: 1796615 bytes, checksum: e7047d84fc6f3344ba82a3e054023541 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by betanial@stj.jus.br (betanial@stj.jus.br) on 2021-06-18T17:28:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 termo_incial_prazo_campos.pdf: 1796615 bytes, checksum: e7047d84fc6f3344ba82a3e054023541 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-18T17:28:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 termo_incial_prazo_campos.pdf: 1796615 bytes, checksum: e7047d84fc6f3344ba82a3e054023541 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Dissertação de mestrado em Educação Especial (área de especialização em Intervenção Precoce), O impacto da investigação e dos progressos científicos, realizados nas últimas décadas, permitiu que a concetualização e a operacionalização dos modelos e práticas em Intervenção Precoce na Infância sofressem uma evolução considerável, com repercussões inquestionavelmente positivas na implementação da abordagem centrada na família. As práticas subjacentes a esta abordagem, denominam-se de práticas centradas na família e têm como objetivo primordial capacitar a família, reconhecendo-lhe o papel central em todo o processo de intervenção. Todavia, a mudança para uma abordagem centrada na família e a implementação destas práticas tem-se revelado um caminho árduo, não só por exigir que se abandone o tradicional modelo clínico, mas também por obrigar a uma mudança de paradigma. Neste sentido, o presente projeto de investigação tem por objetivo analisar a frequência de utilização das práticas centradas na família pelos terapeutas da fala, afetos ou não a projetos públicos de Intervenção Precoce. A partir do questionário online e anónimo, obtiveram-se 64 respostas que foram submetidas a uma análise quantitativa de caráter correlacional. Os resultados gerais do nosso estudo permitem-nos concluir que os terapeutas da fala, que compõem a nossa amostra, reportam utilizar as práticas centradas na família, no entanto, é também evidente que parece haver uma falta de clarificação acerca das especificidades que distinguem as práticas centradas na família de outras práticas utilizadas pelos profissionais, muito em parte pela escassez de formação especializada a este nível. Impõem-se, deste modo, a necessidade de se investir, desde a licenciatura, na formação e no desenvolvimento de competências que permitam aos terapeutas da fala, profissionais habilitados a trabalhar com crianças dos 0 aos 6 anos, a adoção, consciente, destas práticas que estão associadas a um aumento da probabilidade da intervenção ter sucesso, e, acima de tudo, ao empoderamento daquele que será, sempre, o contexto basilar do desenvolvimento da criança: A FAMÍLIA., The impact of the investigation and of the scientific progress, made in recent decades, allowed the conceptualization and operationalization of models and practices on Early Childhood Intervention and suffered a considerable evolution, with unquestionably positive repercussions in the implementation of the family centered approach. The underlying practices to this approach are named family centered practices and have as fundamental goal to empower the family and acknowledge their central role in the process of intervention. However, a change in the approach centered in the family and the implementation of this practices has revealed to be a demanding path, not only for requesting the abandonment of the traditional clinical model, but also for enforcing a paradigm change. Thus, the following investigation project has the goal to analyze the frequency of the use of practices centered in the family through speech therapists, affected or not to publics projects of Early Intervention. We obtained sixty-four answers from an anonymous online questionnaire, that was submitted to a quantitative analysis of correlational character. The general results from our study allowed us to conclude that speech therapists, that comprises our sample, reported having used practices centered in the family. Nevertheless, it is also clear the lack of clarification about specificities that distinguish family centered practices from others used by the professionals, due to the lack of specialized training in this level. It Is essential, therefore, the necessity to invest, from graduation, in the training and skills development that allow speech therapists, certified professionals to work with children from 0 to 6 years old of age, a conscious adoption of these practices associated to an increase in the probability to successful intervention and above all the empowerment of those who will always be crucial in the context of the child: THE FAMILY.

A sociedade se encontra sob a égide do Estado Democrático de Direito, que apresenta como seus principais fundamentos a proteção da cidadania e da dignidade da pessoa humana, núcleos sobre os quais se assentam os direitos fundamentais dos cidadãos. Ao longo da evolução da estrutura do Estado, sofreu o Direito Administrativo profundas modificações, deixando de se caracterizar como Direito do Estado para atuar na defesa dos cidadãos, ensejando a participação popular como forma de legitimar o exercício da função administrativa. Nesse contexto, o surgimento do fenômeno consensual consagrou uma estrutura participativa, rompendo com a atuação unilateral do Estado e fornecendo instrumentos para uma administração pública dialógica, pautada no aprimoramento do agir estatal, em busca de uma gestão transparente, interativa e eficiente. A consensualidade, no âmbito das diversas espécies de processo administrativo sancionador, apresenta-se por meio de diferentes instrumentos, cuja adoção representa meio legítimo de composição de conflitos na medida em que leva em conta os interesses dos envolvidos, valorizando seus direitos fundamentais e evitando o prosseguimento de processos que apenas trariam desgaste à máquina estatal. O presente trabalho, portanto, tem por escopo ressaltar a importância da consensualidade como modo alternativo de exercício da pretensão punitiva do Estado no âmbito dos processos administrativos sancionadores, como forma a realizar o ideal de eficiência que caracteriza o Estado Democrático de Direito contemporâneo.

[EN] Industrial effluents contain a wide range of organic pollutants that present harmful effects on the environment and deprived communities with no access to clean water. As this organic matter is resistant to conventional treatments, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have emerged as a suitable option to counteract these envi-ronmental challenges. Engineered iron oxide nanoparticles have been widely tested in AOPs catalysis, but their full potential as magnetic induction self-heating catalysts has not been studied yet on real and highly contam-inated industrial wastewaters. In this study we have designed a self-heating catalyst with a finely tuned structure of small cores (10 nm) aggregates to develop multicore particles (40 nm) with high magnetic moment and high colloidal stability. This nanocatalyst, that can be separated by magnetic harvesting, is able to increase reaction temperatures (up to 90 ◦C at 1 mg/mL suspension in 5 min) under the action of alternating magnetic fields. This efficient heating was tested in the degradation of a model compound (methyl orange) and real wastewaters, such as leachate from a solid landfill (LIX) and colored wastewater from a textile industry (TIW). It was possible to increase reaction rates leading to a reduction of the chemical oxygen demand of 50 and 90%, for TIW and LIX. These high removal and degradation ability of the magnetic nanocatalyst was sustained with the formation of strong reactive oxygen species by a Fenton-like mechanism as proved by electron paramagnetic resonance. These findings represent an important advance for the industrial implementation of a scalable, non-toxic, self-heating catalysts that can certainly enhance AOP for wastewater treatment in a more sustainable and efficient way., This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under grant MAT2017-88148-R (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Consejo Superior de Invetigaciones Científícas PIE- 201960E062. This study was also supported by the USFQ Collaboration Grant 2018 Nº 11197 and the USFQ PoliGrants 2018–2019 Nº 12501. E.W., E.L.Jr and R.D.Z. acknowledge Argentine governmental agency ANPCyT (Project No. PICT-2016-0288 and PICT-2018-02565) and UNCuyo (Project No.06/ C527 and 06/C528) for the financial support.

(1) Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonosis and one of the major causes of abortion in sheep worldwide. (2) Methods: We performed a 2-year longitudinal serological anti-T. gondii IgG screening on a cohort of a spatially confined population of a Portuguese autochthonous sheep breed in central Portugal. (3) Results: From the screening of the 2015 and 2016 sera, an increase of seroprevalence was observed (57.7% (95% CI: 49.9–65.3%) versus 69.1% (95% CI: 61.5–75.9), from 2015 and 2016, respectively) (p = 0.031). (4) Conclusions The present study is the first to provide prospective data on the anti-T. gondii serological status of a sheep cohort in Portugal, showing an increase in the occurrence of T. gondii. There is a need to provide a clearer understanding of T. gondii epidemiology in Portugal, ideally by implementing monitoring programs on sentinel herds, not only due to the high impact of T. gondii on animal health but also for it being a zoonosis.

The aim was to identify whether there was any influence of the pandemic in the lives of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases accompanied by a family health strategy. This work was developed through a qualitative descriptive field research, carried out in a family health strategy in a neighborhood located in the North Zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, from September to December 2020. proven effectiveness in preventive measures in combating complications caused by diseases caused by systemic arterial hypertension, treatments, whether pharmacological or not, impact on the population and the government. The results of this study showed that the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus influenced the blood pressure levels of patients with systemic arterial hypertension.

Cases Presentations: Case 1: A 1-year-old boy with suprasellar pilocytic astrocytoma with previous history of shunting disfunction, treatment according vinblastine protocol due to anaphylactic reaction with carboplatin presented with ascites and necessity of ventricular-atrial shunt. Due to high protein cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level (551mg/dl) he was submitted to external ventricular drainage and bevacizumab 10mg/kg was associated to his oncology treatment. After three cycles of bevacizumab, the patients’ CSF protein levels decreased dramatically 178 mg/dL, allowing the shunt procedure without complications and shorter hospital stay. Case 2: A ten-year-old boy with suprasellar pilocytic astrocytoma treated with three lines of chemotherapy showed tumor progression one year after the end of carboplatin-vincristine protocol and shunting disfunction. External ventricular drainage was performed, and the CSF showed 590mg/dl protein level. He was treated with vinblastine 6mg/m2 weekly and bevacizumab 10mg/kg each 14 days. After two cycles of bevacizumab, the protein level was 191mg/dl allowing another V-P shunt procedure. Discussion: Optic pathway gliomas frequently cause elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein concentrations leading to shunts occlusions and failures, necessity of external ventricular drainage and longtime hospitalization, implicating risk of serious infections. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody with immunomodulatory and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activities that has been used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan and vinblastine to treat low-grade gliomas and has been reported to decrease the CSF protein concentration.Final Comments: Bevacizumab treatment in patients with gliomas and high CSF protein levels seems effective in decreasing protein leakage from the vessels to the ventricles, thereby improving the scope for successful shunt placement.

(1) Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonosis and one of the major causes of abortion in sheep worldwide. (2) Methods: We performed a 2-year longitudinal serological anti-T. gondii IgG screening on a cohort of a spatially confined population of a Portuguese autochthonous sheep breed in central Portugal. (3) Results: From the screening of the 2015 and 2016 sera, an increase of seroprevalence was observed (57.7% (95% CI: 49.9–65.3%) versus 69.1% (95% CI: 61.5–75.9), from 2015 and 2016, respectively) (p = 0.031). (4) Conclusions The present study is the first to provide prospective data on the anti-T. gondii serological status of a sheep cohort in Portugal, showing an increase in the occurrence of T. gondii. There is a need to provide a clearer understanding of T. gondii epidemiology in Portugal, ideally by implementing monitoring programs on sentinel herds, not only due to the high impact of T. gondii on animal health but also for it being a zoonosis.

As mudanças dos hábitos alimentares ao longo dos anos vêm mostrando uma diminuição significativa da ingestão de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados como o arroz, feijão, frutas e hortaliças e aumento expressivo dos produtos processados e ultraprocessados, o que vem gerando impactos negativos à saúde. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a rotulagem nutricional de diferentes grupos de alimentos industrializados com grande consumo nos últimos anos. Foi analisada a composição química apresentada na rotulagem nutricional de 700 alimentos industrializados das redes de supermercados da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte-MG. Os alimentos foram enquadrados em sete categorias: cereais, salgados, pratos prontos, sanduíches, pizzas, sopas e salgados tipo chips. Os resultados colocaram em evidência o alto teor de sódio com valores expressivos no grupo dos pratos prontos com média de 908±467mg. O teor de sódio em percentual do valor diário (%VD) variou entre 4,2±3,5% para o grupo dos cereais a 37,3±20,1% para o grupo dos pratos prontos. Dos 7 grupos de alimentos analisados, 5 apresentaram quantidades de sódio superior a 15% do VD em apenas uma porção de produto. A quantidade de gordura saturada esteve entre 1,5±2,6% do VD para o grupo das sopas e 34,6±18,8% do VD para o grupo dos sanduíches. A quantidade de energia por porção esteve entre 71±18,5 Kcal para o grupo das sopas e 355±81kcal para o grupo dos sanduíches. A densidade energética foi superior a 2,4Kcal/g em todos os grupos de alimentos analisados, alcançando o valor de 4,95 Kcal/g no grupo dos salgadinhos tipo chips. Conclui-se que os alimentos estudados podem contribuir significativamente para o ganho de peso, instalação da obesidade e maior risco de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT).

A potencialidade paisagística de um local ou de uma região é uma das etapas primordiais para o início de desenvolvimento de práticas de geoconservação. Em razão disso, o presente trabalho tem o intuito de analisar a potencialidade da Serra do Gigante no munícipio de Itapuranga/GO, apresentar o geoturismo como estratégia de geoconservação e promover conservação da natureza abiótica de todo o complexo. A Serra do Gigante situa-se dentro de uma Área de Proteção Ambiental - APA totalizando 9,26 km², com perímetro de 13.692,525 metros. Apesar de sua criação ter sido fundamentada essencialmente na biodiversidade, no local ocorrem processos geomorfológicos que necessitam de estudo. Um dos objetivos desse trabalho foi analisar a potencialidade paisagística da Serra do Gigante, sobretudo no âmbito da geodiversidade, como instrumento de avaliação e valoração da paisagem, onde o foco da análise foi a valoração da serra com intuito de uso sustentável da área através do geoturismo. A metodologia utilizada foi dividida em quatro etapas: a primeira, o levantamento e análise teórica, para o entendimento de conceitos, tomando como base autores como: Pereira (2006), Brilha (2005), Mansur (2009), Ab’Saber (2003) e outros; a segunda etapa, realização da pesquisa de campo, para reconhecimento da área, registro fotográfico e georreferenciamento e levantamento cartográfico para produção da caracterização fisiográfica; a terceira, inventariação dos locais de interesse geomorfológico, sendo orientada pela avaliação qualitativa de Pereira (2006) e a quarta, a proposição de um roteiro geoturístico para serra. A partir da seleção de oito locais de interesse geomorfológico dentro do complexo, da caracterização fisiográfica realizada e do mapa de roteiro geoturístico, presentes na metodologia utilizada, foi possível evidenciar a geodiversidade do complexo e constatar seu potencial paisagístico e geomorfológico tanto para uso didático como geoturístico. Concluiu-se assim, que a APA Serra do Gigante apresenta potencial paisagístico para desenvolver atividades geoturísticas que poderão facilitar e contribuir para o conhecimento da história da Terra, sua valorização e consequente geoconservação. The landscape potential of a place or a region is one of the primary steps to start developing geoconservation practices. The present work aims to analyze the potential of Serra do Gigante in Itapuranga/GO city and present geotourism as a geoconservation strategy and promote the conservation of the abiotic nature of the entire complex. Serra do Gigante is located within an Environmental Protection Area - APA totaling 9.26 km², with a perimeter of 13,692.525 meters. Although its creation was based essentially on biodiversity, geomorphological processes occur in the area and requires study. One of the goals of this work was to analyze the landscape potential of Serra do Gigante, especially in the scope of geodiversity, as an instrument of assessment and valuation of the landscape, where the focus of the analysis was the valuation of the mountain with the aim of sustainable use of the area through geotourism. The methodology used was divided into four stages: the first, the survey and theoretical analysis, for the understanding of concepts, based on authors such as: Pereira (2006), Brilha (2005), Mansur (2009), Ab'Saber (2003 ) and others; the second stage, conducting field research, to recognize the area, photographic record and georeferencing and cartographic survey to produce the physiographic characterization; the third, an inventory of places of geomorphological interest, guided by the qualitative assessment of Pereira (2006) and the fourth, the proposal of a geotouristic roadmap for the place. From the selection of eight sites of geomorphological interest within the complex, the physiographic characterization performed and the map of the geotouristic script, present in the methodology used, it was possible to highlight the geodiversity of the complex and verify its landscape and geomorphological potential for both didactic and geotouristic use. It was concluded, therefore, that the APA Serra do Gigante has landscape potential to develop geotourism activities that can facilitate and contribute to the knowledge of the Earth's history, its valorization and consequent geoconservation.