989 results on '"Belgien"'
Search Results
152. From Integration to Solidarity: Insights from Civil Society Organisations in Three European Cities
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D'Auria, Viviana, Daher, Racha, Rohde, Katharina, D'Auria, Viviana, Daher, Racha, and Rohde, Katharina
- Abstract
This article sheds light on the lack of cohesion in asylum approaches between EU member states and questions the dominance of the ‘integration’ paradigm. It argues that civil society organisations (CSOs) have, through solidarity, challenged the bias ‘integration’ involves and the exclusion it generates. To do this, it examines three case-based practices led by CSOs that operate in three European capital cities - Rome, Brussels and Berlin - and that embrace mobility in the context of front-line, transit and destination countries, respectively. With the ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015 acting as a threshold moment, the cases navigate a complex web of relationships amidst a fragmented debate about asylum, and varying national and local frameworks in Europe. Through the comparison of cases, the article argues that the political possibilities of such practices and their enduring engagements with the urban, remain limited. However, the shift in discourse from ‘stasis’ and ‘integration’ to ‘mobility’ and ‘solidarity’ that the three cases embody, represent a critique that fundamentally challenges urban planning and its role for asylum.
- Published
- 2019
153. Lone Mothers in Belgium: Labor Force Attachment and Risk Factors
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Bernardi, Laura, Mortelmans, Dimitri, Struffolino, Emanuela, Bernardi, Laura, Mortelmans, Dimitri, and Struffolino, Emanuela
- Abstract
In Belgium, lone parent families represent almost one fourth of the households with children, aside from the existence of regional differences in the phenomenon’s prevalence. Zooming in on Flanders, the poverty risk for this type of family is significantly higher compared to couple-with-children households and the general population; thus, labour market participation represents a crucial resource for individuals heading such households to cope with the economic needs of the family and to avoid long-lasting poverty or to rely extensively on social assistance. We use data from the Crossroads Bank of Social Security (CBSS Datawarehouse) to study Flemish lone mothers’ patterns of labour market participation and test the association between employment trajectories after lone parenthood and both individual and household characteristics. Flanders represents an interesting case because of (i) the relatively high diffusion of lone motherhood, (ii) the presence of welfare measures supporting a number of different types of recipients (even to different extents and not necessarily so generous to keep them out of poverty), and (iii) the availability of longitudinal data to observe lone mothers’ employment trajectories over time. We find that differences exist among lone mothers, who thus experience different risk of social exclusion driven by family and labour market arrangements set up to resolve the potentially contradictory trade-off between the needs for care and for income. The age at which mothers have children is crucial in understanding their future exclusion from the labour market: selection into early lone motherhood is associated with lower employment opportunities. Furthermore, it is the number of children below 17 in the household rather than the presence of very small children that defines a lower probability of having a strong labour market attachment through full-time jobs, and that increases the likelihood of being unemployed/inactive and receiving welfare benef
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- 2019
154. From Ideal Proposals to Serial Developments: Victor Bourgeois’s Schemes in the Light of Post-War Developments in Brussels
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Ledent, Gérald and Ledent, Gérald
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Three essential elements of modernism consolidated through war: a centralised welfare state, a serial industrial apparatus and, often, a territorial tabula rasa. Hence, for many modernist architects and urban planners, post-war Europe became the ideal ground to put their ideas to the test. However, there is a genuine discrepancy between the proposals of the first four Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne (CIAM) and what was massively implemented throughout Europe after 1945. To explore this divergence, Brussels proves to be an interesting case study for two main reasons. First, it hosted the third CIAM in November 1930, where Victor Bourgeois presented his views on housing and cities, in line with the ideals of the time. Second, after the war, Belgium, like many Western countries, experienced a period of euphoria, during which the modernist ideology attained a sudden and broad consensus. In the capital over the following three decades new infrastructure was built, as well as housing developments that derived, at least formally, from the CIAM ideals. This article explores the gap between the ideals and the reality of modernism through a comparison on two scales: the city and housing. Bourgeois’s Grand and Nouveau Bruxelles proposals are compared to the Manhattan Plan and Etrimo’s housing developments. Understanding the gap between the ideals of modernism and its implementation may help identify characteristics of the modernist movement but also, as Lacaton-Vassal pointed out when citing Habermas, complete the “unfinished project” (Habermas, 1984) of modernism.
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- 2019
155. Eroding rights, crafting solidarity?: shifting dynamics in the state-civil society nexus in Flanders and Brussels
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Vandevoordt, Robin and Vandevoordt, Robin
- Abstract
In 2015, hundreds of new civil initiatives emerged to provide stopgap help to refugees arriving in Belgium. This article zooms out from this moment of solidarity and explores the broader socio-political conditions that allowed these initiatives to emerge and, in some cases, solidify into professional service-providers or powerful political actors. The article focuses on two case studies, one in Flanders and one in Brussels. In Flanders, the Hospitable Network brings together local civil initiatives which have drawn upon the networks and skills of senior citizens with considerable experience in civic associations, NGOs and social movements. While these initiatives have partly filled the gaps that were created by a series of neoliberal reforms in Flanders' citizenship regime, the same neoliberal outlook has prevented these initiatives from being institutionalised. In Brussels, the Citizen Platform for the Support of Refugees has mobilised largely among the city's super-diverse population. The Platform's development has been shaped by Brussels' continuing attractiveness to immigrants, as well as by the city’s complex governance structure, which has provided it with both material support and increasing opposition. As a result, the Platform has become a highly visible political actor offering partly professionalised support to refugees.
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- 2019
156. On Behalf of Children? The Plural Voting System in Belgium - from 1893 to 1919
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Briey, Laurent de, Héraut, Aurélie, Ottaviani, Elise, Briey, Laurent de, Héraut, Aurélie, and Ottaviani, Elise
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- 2019
157. Kolloquium für Bürgermeister und kommunale Verantwortliche aus Deutschland, Belgien und Frankreich Zuwanderung aus der Türkei, Besonderheiten eines Integrationsverlaufs; 2.-3. Dezember 2009 in Berlin
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Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi and Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi
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- 2019
158. Kolloquium für Bürgermeister und kommunale Verantwortliche aus Deutschland, Belgien und Frankreich: die Rolle der Kultur für den sozialen Zusammenhalt in multiethnischen Stadtgesellschaften; 7.-8. Oktober 2010 in Berlin
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Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi and Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi
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- 2019
159. Talk as action: exploring discursive dimensions of welfare state reform
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Hupe, Peter, Dooren, Wouter van, Hupe, Peter, and Dooren, Wouter van
- Abstract
In many New Public Management reforms a direct and causal one-to-one relationship is assumed between reform and better performance. This article challenges this assumption by specifying reform as independent variable. Looking at reform in two comparable welfare states, Belgium and The Netherlands, the discursive aspects of such reform are explored. Reform can be differentiated into reform action and reform talk. Next to measures (action) discourse (talk) seems to be an innate characteristic of reform that may fundamentally help shaping reform results.
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- 2019
160. Deutsch-französisch-belgische Bürgermeisterkonsultation: kulturelle Vielfalt als Herausforderung für die Stadtgesellschaft am 19./20. Juni 2008 in Stuttgart
- Author
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Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi, Dias, Camille, Kasper, Karsten, Lang, Apolline, Körner, Franziska, Guérout, Jeanne, Mursa, Erika, Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi, Dias, Camille, Kasper, Karsten, Lang, Apolline, Körner, Franziska, Guérout, Jeanne, and Mursa, Erika
- Published
- 2019
161. Kolloquium für Bürgermeister und kommunale Verantwortliche aus Deutschland, Belgien und Frankreich: Familienzusammenführung als Herausforderung für lokale Integrationspolitik; 27.-28. Oktober 2011 in Berlin
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Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi, Barreau, Anne-Sophie, Chaigneau, Clémentine, Choppin, Céline, Denecker, Anneke, Gehrig, Susanne, Keller, Eileen, Körner, Franziska, Schweizer, Lea, Deutsch-Französisches Institut - dfi, Barreau, Anne-Sophie, Chaigneau, Clémentine, Choppin, Céline, Denecker, Anneke, Gehrig, Susanne, Keller, Eileen, Körner, Franziska, and Schweizer, Lea
- Published
- 2019
162. Sabbaticals in Deutschland und Belgien: der gesetzliche Anspruch macht den Unterschied aus
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Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH, Samtleben, Claire, Wotschack, Philip, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH, Samtleben, Claire, and Wotschack, Philip
- Abstract
Obwohl viele Menschen gerne eine Auszeit aus dem Beruf nehmen möchten, werden Sabbaticals in Deutschland kaum genutzt. Betriebliche und finanzielle Barrieren verhindern oft ein Sabbatical. In Belgien gehören Sabbaticals dank eines gesetzlichen Anspruchs zum Arbeitsleben dazu - auch wenn Wenigverdiener im Nachteil sind und seltener eine Auszeit nehmen können.
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- 2019
163. Managing super-diversity on television: the representation of ethnic minorities in Flemish non-fiction programmes
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Dhoest, Alexander, Paulussen, Steve, Panis, Koen, Dhoest, Alexander, Paulussen, Steve, and Panis, Koen
- Abstract
This study examines and evaluates the representation of ethnocultural diversity in non-fiction TV programmes broadcasted by the Flemish (Belgian Dutch-speaking) public service broadcaster VRT in the 2016-2017 TV season. A qualitative content analysis of a sample comprising 36 clips and episodes of 14 non-fiction programmes was supplemented by four focus group interviews with a total of 12 participants belonging to different ethnocultural minorities. The findings suggest that despite several measures undertaken by the VRT, the representation of ethnocultural minorities is still unbalanced and biased in at least three ways: first, in presenting minorities as homogeneous groups rather than highlighting intragroup differences; second, in "typecasting" people with a migration background thematically, i.e., for items on topics and issues related to their ethnocultural identity; and, third, in portraying and approaching minorities from a dominant group perspective. The article ends with the recommendation for public service media to further improve ethnocultural diversity in the workforce and to encourage their journalists and TV producers to reconsider their ‘professional pragmatics' in order to increase their ethnocultural sensitivity and better manage the representation of super-diversity in their programmes.
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- 2019
164. Unpacking attitudes on immigrants and refugees: a focus on household composition and news media consumption
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Matthijs, Koen, De Coninck, David, Debrael, Marlies, d'Haenens, Leen, De Cock, Rozane, Matthijs, Koen, De Coninck, David, Debrael, Marlies, d'Haenens, Leen, and De Cock, Rozane
- Abstract
This study examines how household composition and news media consumption and trust are related to attitudes towards two minority groups -immigrants and refugees- in a representative sample of the adult population (n = 6000) in Belgium, Sweden, France, and the Netherlands. We find that Swedes hold the most positive attitudes towards both groups, while the French are found to be most negative. The Belgians and Dutch hold moderate attitudes. There is also evidence that attitudes on refugees are more negative than attitudes on immigrants in Sweden and France, but not in Belgium and the Netherlands. Using structural equation modeling, we find that household composition is not directly related to attitudes, but indirect effects through socio-economic status and media consumption indicate that singles hold more negative attitudes than couples. Public television consumption, popular online news consumption, and trust in media are positively related to attitudes, whereas commercial television consumption is negatively associated with them.
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- 2019
165. The Early Development of Women's Judo in Belgium from the Liberation to the late 1950s: Emancipation, Sport and Self-defence.
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Groenen, Haimo
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JUDO ,SELF-defense for women ,GENDER role ,LIBERTY ,COMMUNITIES ,BELGIAN history, 1914- ,HISTORY ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of the History of Sport is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
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166. Ending the Draft: The Case of Belgium.
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Manigart, Philippe
- Subjects
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COLD War, 1945-1991 , *DRAFT (Military service) , *COMPULSORY participation , *SOCIAL change , *INTERNATIONAL obligations - Abstract
After the end of the Cold War, beginning with the Low Countries, most Continental West-European countries progressively ended (or more often, suspended) the draft, the core of the mass armed forces of the 19th and 20th centuries. In its place, smaller, professional quick reaction constabulary forces have progressively been put into place. The paper, after briefly analyzing the structural causes of this fundamental societal change, describes how compulsory military service was suspended in Belgium and examines the problems with which the Belgian armed forces have been confronted while restructuring, and what challenges lay ahead in terms of recruitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
167. Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bissing im Blickpunkt ägyptologischer und zeithistorischer Forschungen: die Jahre 1914 bis 1926*.
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Raulwing, Peter and Gertzen, Thomas L.
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EGYPTOLOGY ,WORLD War I ,POLITICS in literature ,GERMAN occupation of Belgium, 1914-1918 ,GERMAN history, 1871-1918 ,HISTORY ,TWENTIETH century ,INTELLECTUAL life - Abstract
The extensive bibliography of Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bissing (1873-1956) lists 621 numbered items, documenting over six decades of Egyptological productivity. Widely unknown to Egyptologists and ancient historians, however, are a handful of publications by F.W. von Bissing, printed between 1914 and 1917, in which he defends the German occupation of Belgium to a French-speaking audience using the pseudonym 'Anacharsis le jeune.' This name refers to the antagonist in the novel Les Voyages du jeune Anacharsis en Grèce (1787) by the French antiquarian Jean-Jacques Barthélemy (1716-1795), which reached the status of, what might be called, a Bildungsroman in the late 18th and 19th century in Europe. Furthermore, F.W. von Bissing is the author of numerous political writings published between 1915 and 1922 for a German-speaking audience under his own name, mostly dealing with the relationship between the German Empire and Belgium during World War I.; later with the political situation in post-war Germany.-This study tries to shed light on F.W. von Bissing's pamphlets, writings, letters and political background and non-academic activities in the last years of the Kaiserreich and the early Weimar Republic until his retirement from the chair at the university in Utrecht in 1926. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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168. Bière belge et image monastique.
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Jonveaux, Isabelle
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BREWING industry ,MONASTERIES ,BEER advertising ,PRODUCT quality ,BREWERIES ,MARKETING - Abstract
The article discusses the relationship between marketing for Belgian beer and the use of the image of monasteries and monastery life. Topics discussed include the historical brewing of beer by monasteries, the association of monasteries and Belgian beer as a historic alliance of high quality, and the rules of using the monastic image to promote Belgian beers.
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- 2011
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169. Kapitalismus, Staat, Zivilgesellschaft und Strafgesetzgebung in der Spätmoderne.
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Hebberecht, Patrick
- Abstract
Copyright of Kriminologisches Journal is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
170. Spatial Distribution of Manufacturing Activity and its Determinants: A Comparison of Three Small European Countries.
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Barrios, Salvador, Bertinelli, Luisito, Strobl, Eric, and Teixeira, AntonioCarlos
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MANUFACTURING processes ,AREA studies ,DETERMINANTS (Mathematics) ,ALGEBRA ,AGGLOMERATION (Materials) ,CLUSTERING of particles - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2009
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171. A Network-based Approach to Regional Borders: The Case of Belgium.
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Strihan, Annemarie
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BORDERLANDS ,REGIONALISM ,CULTURE ,ETHNIC groups ,SOCIAL interaction ,SOCIAL psychology ,BORDER security - Abstract
Strihan A. A network-based approach to regional borders: the case of Belgium, Regional Studies. This article puts forward a network-based representation of border regions. It argues for and then employs a network approach to better understand the relation between socio-economic linkages and ethnic divisions in the Flemish-Walloon border region. A segment of the border region is described through polycentric networks of firms that cluster around multiple axes of solidarity. This article focuses on the ethnic axis of solidarity and shows that ethnicity is more significant than geographical distance for the network formation... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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172. From the 8-Hour Day to the 40-Hour Week: Legitimization Discourses of Labour Legislation between the Wars in France and Belgium
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Sabine Rudischhauser
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Georges Scelle ,History ,peace time ,Public Administration ,Sociology and Political Science ,Zwischenkriegszeit ,Interwar period ,Frankreich ,statuary regulation ,Public administration ,labor law ,Belgium ,State (polity) ,Paul Grunebaum-Ballin ,Geschichte ,050207 economics ,lcsh:JA1-92 ,Henri Velge ,media_common ,050502 law ,Belgien ,Social History, Historical Social Research ,05 social sciences ,reduction in working hours ,Legislature ,Technocracy ,labour legislation ,Recht ,ddc:340 ,Arbeitszeitverkürzung ,France ,ddc:900 ,working hours ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Legislation ,Power (social and political) ,Politics ,lcsh:Political science (General) ,Arbeitsrecht ,Political science ,Tarifvertrag ,0502 economics and business ,public–private regulation ,Legitimacy ,0505 law ,public-private regulation ,Arbeitszeit ,gesetzliche Regelung ,Law ,collective agreement ,Sozialgeschichte, historische Sozialforschung - Abstract
In the interwar period both France and Belgium passed legislation reducing the number of working hours and established a hybrid regulatory regime lending a certain degree of official authority to collective agreements. The paper analyses discourses by scholars who, as experts, were close to the political elites, and who tried to legitimize this kind of co-regulation by pointing out the inefficiency of state intervention and the epistemic authority of non-state actors. Stressing the output dimension of legitimacy and the improved quality of legal norms, these discourses had a technocratic tendency and ultimately argued in favour of a shift of power from the legislative to the administrative branch of government.
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- 2017
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173. Geographical Agglomeration: Ellison and Glaeser's Index Applied to the Case of Belgian Manufacturing Industry.
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Bertinelli, Luisito and Decrop, Jehan
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MANUFACTURING industries ,FACTORIES ,WAGES ,INDUSTRIAL districts ,CITIES & towns ,INDUSTRIES - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
174. Assessment of spring habitat selection of red deer ( Cervus elaphus L.) based on census data.
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Licoppe, A. and Crombrugghe, S.
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
175. Eine Multicase-Studie, um zu verstehen, wie spezifische Aspekte der Situation bei der Ko-Evaluierung einer Praktikumssituation in der Lehre berücksichtigt wird
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Catherine Van Nieuwenhoven, Stéphane Colognesi, Olivier Maes, and UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute
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Lehrerausbildung ,Teacher education ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Fallstudie ,Case study ,Student teacher ,Schulpädagogik ,Assessment ,Stage, superviseur, coévaluation, jugement professionnel en évaluation, singularité de la situation ,Education ,Judgment ,ddc:370 ,Belgium ,Political science ,Mentor ,Empirische Bildungsforschung ,jugement évaluatif ,stages ,Interview ,Case Studies (Education) ,L7-991 ,Evaluation ,Vocational education teachers ,Practical training in school ,Practice ,superviseurs ,Belgien ,Practice period at school ,Education (General) ,Schulpraktikum ,Student teachers ,Teacher training ,Judgement ,Bewertung ,Lehramtsstudent ,Ausbilder ,Humanities - Abstract
Dans le contexte de la formation initiale des enseignants en Belgique francophone, les superviseurs sont amenés à évaluer les étudiants en stage notamment par des coévaluations. Dans ce cadre, cette contribution vise à répondre à la question suivante: Comment la singularité de la situation est-elle prise en compte dans la construction du jugement évaluatif du superviseur? Pour y répondre, nous avons réalisé une étude multi-cas construite autour de huit entretiens de coévaluation. Les résultats mettent notamment en évidence que les superviseurs de l’étude prennent en compte le contexte de stage et/ou des aspects personnels de l’étudiant pour construire leur jugement évaluatif. (DIPF/Orig.), Im Rahmen der Erstausbildung von Lehrpersonen im französischsprachigen Belgien müssen Aufsichtspersonen die Auszubildenden insbesondere durch Ko-Evaluierungen bewerten. Mit diesem Beitrag soll die folgende Frage beantwortet werden: Wie wird die Einzigartigkeit bzw. Spezifität der jeweiligen Situation bei der Bewertung von Seiten des Supervisors berücksichtigt? Wir haben eine Multi-Case-Studie durchgeführt, die auf acht Ko-Evaluationsinterviews basiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Supervisoren den Kontext des Praktikums und / oder die persönlichen Aspekte der Schülerinnen und Schüler berücksichtigen, um ein bewertendes Urteil zu bilden. (DIPF/Orig.)
- Published
- 2019
176. TA and the Regions: The Walloon experiment
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P. Vendramin and G. Valenduc
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Belgien ,Bürgerbeteiligung ,GND ,Innovationsforschung ,Kleinregion ,Staatstätigkeit ,Technology ,Social Sciences - Published
- 2002
- Full Text
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177. Les religions abrahamites dans le discours du Front National dans le contexte d’extrêmes droites populistes européennes
- Author
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Thomas Johnen, Westsächsische Hochschule Zwickau, Sullet-Nylander, Françoise, Bernal, María, Premat, Christophe, and Roitman, Malin
- Subjects
Christentum ,rechtsextreme Partei ,Denmark ,Judaïsme ,Frankreich ,Judaism ,Sociology & anthropology ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Belgium ,Germany ,Christianisme ,Österreich ,politisches Programm ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Political science ,Danemark ,politische Rechte ,Netherlands ,right-wing extremist party ,Sociology of Communication, Sociology of Language, Sociolinguistics ,Belgien ,political program ,Partei ,extrême droite ,Allemagne ,Dänemark ,Pays-Bas ,16. Peace & justice ,Bundesrepublik Deutschland ,populism ,Religion ,Discourse Analyisis ,parti programs ,Christianity ,Islam ,Italy ,Austria ,Alternative für Deutschland ,France ,programmes politiques ,ddc:301 ,party ,NPD ,Discourse analysis ,Populismus ,Analyse du discours AD ,Politikwissenschaft ,Suède ,FPÖ ,Front National ,AfD ,Dansk Folkeparti ,Dänische Folkspartei ,Lega Norte ,Plataforma per Catalunya ,Partij voor de Vrijheid ,Vlaams Belang ,Sverigedemokraterna ,Schwedendemokraten ,Federal Republic of Germany ,Diskursanalyse ,National Democratic Party of Germany ,Kommunikationssoziologie, Sprachsoziologie, Soziolinguistik ,Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture ,Niederlande ,discourse analysis ,Spanien ,politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur ,Sweden ,Italie ,Belgique ,party programs ,political right ,extreme right-wing parties ,Autriche ,Soziologie, Anthropologie ,Spain ,Diskursanalyse, Parteiprogramme, Judentum, Christentum, Islam ,ddc:320 ,Judentum ,Schweden - Abstract
International audience; Dieser Beitrag analysiert das Bild der abrahamitischen Religionen in den Präsidentschaftswahlprogrammen des Front National (2012 und 2017) im Vergleich zu anderen erfolgreichen rechtsextremen populistischen Parteien in EU-Ländern Nord- und Westeuropas. Die Analyse zeigt einerseits eine gemeinsame Tendenz, den Islam negativ darzustellen, andereseits auch Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Parteien in bezug auf die Darstellung des Judemtums und/oder Israel sowie der Bedeutung, die dem Christentum für die nationale oder europäische Identität zugemessen wird, die jeweils interessante Parallelen zu den nationalen diskursiven Traditionen und der Geschichte der jeweiligen Partei aufweisen.; This article analyses the image of the three abrahamic religions in the recent political programs of the French Front National (2012 und 2017) in a comparative perspective with other successful populist radical right-wing parties in EU-Countries of continental Western and Northern Europe. It will be shown that even if there is a common tendency of representing Islam negatively and avoiding overt antisemitism, there are differences with regard to Judaism and/or Israel as well as to the weight of Christianity for the national and/or European culture, which have interesting parallels with the national discourse traditions and the particular radical right-wing history of these parties.; Cet article analyse l’image des trois religions abrahamites dans les programmes politiques récents du Front National en la comparant avec celle créée par d’autres partis d’extrême droite populiste de pays de l’Union Européenne appartenant à l’Europe occidentale continentale et à la Scandinavie qui ont été couronnés d’un certain succès lors des élections récentes. Il sera montré que, même si l’on peut constater une convergence quant à l’image négative créée de l’islam ainsi que dans la tendance d’éviter un antisémitisme ouvert, il y a, toutefois, des différences en ce qui concerne le judaïsme et/ou Israël et le poids attribué au christianisme dans la culture nationale et/ou européenne. On y peut observer des parallèles intéressants avec les traditions discursives nationales ainsi que l’histoire de ces partis d’extrême droite.
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- 2019
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178. Sprachen und Identitäten: Konnotationen des Deutschen in den multilingualen Nachbarländern Belgien und Luxemburg
- Author
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Ernst, Thomas, Brunner, José, Nachum, Iris, Taal- en Letterkunde, and Centrum voor Literatuur- en Cultuurwetenschappen
- Subjects
Sprache ,Brussels ,Nationalismus ,LUXEMBOURG ,Fakultät für Geisteswissenschaften » Germanistik ,Roger Manderscheid ,Belgium ,Identity ,identiteit ,Germany ,ddc:430 ,Luxemburg ,Nachbarn ,ddc:437 ,Belgien ,Duitstalige Gemeenschap ,Leo Wintgens ,literature ,neighbours ,Identität ,multilingualiteit ,Kulturnation ,multilinguale literatuur ,Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft ,Europe ,België ,Vlaanderen ,Mischkultur ,Multilinguality ,Hybridität ,buren ,literatuur ,Flanders ,Germanistik ,Europa ,Multilingualität ,Brussel - Abstract
Der Aufsatz fragt nach den Konnotationen der deutschen Sprache in Deutschlands multilingualen Nachbarländern Luxemburg und Belgien, hier insbesondere in Flandern. In diesen Ländern ist Deutsch nur eine Sprache neben anderen, beide waren vom nationalsozialistischen Deutschland besetzt und sind sowohl politisch wie auch sprachlich komplexe Pufferstaaten zwischen der romanischen und der germanischen Welt. Aus dieser Perspektive ist die Frage zentral, welche Effekte die kollektive Erinnerung an die Zeit der Besatzung für den Stellenwert und die Konnotation der deutschen Sprache auch in der Gegenwart noch hat und welche ambivalente Bedeutung die deutsche Sprache selbst als eine der Nationalsprachen Belgiens bzw. Luxemburgs für die Konstituierung dieser Nationen gegenwärtig besitzt. Der Beitrag stützt sich methodologisch auf poststrukturalistische Kulturtheorien wie die Interdiskursanalyse und auf die zentrale Rolle der Sprache bei der Konstruktion nationaler Gemeinschaften. Dabei bezieht er sich auf Quellen aus dem printmedialen und dem literarischen Diskurs, deren Texte die verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen Spezialdiskurse zusammenführen und interdiskursiv reflektieren. Diese Wahl leitet sich zugleich aus der Grundannahme literaturwissenschaftlichen Arbeitens ab, dass die sprachliche, printmediale und literarische Konstruktion und Rekonstruktion von Kollektivsymbolen überhaupt erst die Konstitution einer nationalen Gemeinschaft ermöglicht.
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- 2019
179. Unpacking attitudes on immigrants and refugees: A focus on household composition and news media consumption
- Author
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David De Coninck, Rozane De Cock, Marlies Debrael, Koen Matthijs, and Leen d'Haenens
- Subjects
Immigration ,Frankreich ,soziale Probleme ,ddc:070 ,lcsh:Communication. Mass media ,Einstellung ,0508 media and communications ,Belgium ,Medienkonsum ,Privathaushalt ,news ,sozialer Status ,refugee ,Sociology ,Fernsehen ,Migration ,Netherlands ,media_common ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,Belgien ,attitudes ,news media consumption ,media trust ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,television ,refugees ,lcsh:P87-96 ,Meinungsforschung ,Soziale Probleme und Sozialdienste ,ddc:300 ,household composition ,France ,confidence ,Public Opinion Research ,Social status ,Vertrauen ,Social Problems ,socio-economic status ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Refugee ,050801 communication & media studies ,immigrant ,050905 science studies ,Medien ,Migration, Sociology of Migration ,Niederlande ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,Socioeconomic status ,News media ,News media, journalism, publishing ,Online-Medien ,Sweden ,Consumption (economics) ,Nachrichten ,influence ,Commercial broadcasting ,media ,Migrant ,online media ,social status ,Media consumption ,ddc:360 ,Flüchtling ,attitude ,private household ,Demographic economics ,Publizistische Medien, Journalismus,Verlagswesen ,Social problems and services ,Einfluss ,0509 other social sciences ,media consumption ,Schweden - Abstract
© 2019 by the authors. This study examines how household composition and news media consumption and trust are related to attitudes towards two minority groups—immigrants and refugees—in a representative sample of the adult population (n = 6000) in Belgium, Sweden, France, and the Netherlands. We find that Swedes hold the most positive attitudes towards both groups, while the French are found to be most negative. The Belgians and Dutch hold moderate attitudes. There is also evidence that attitudes on refugees are more negative than attitudes on immigrants in Sweden and France, but not in Belgium and the Netherlands. Using structural equation modeling, we find that household composition is not directly related to attitudes, but indirect effects through socio-economic status and media consumption indicate that singles hold more negative attitudes than couples. Public television consumption, popular online news consumption, and trust in media are positively related to attitudes, whereas commercial television consumption is negatively associated with them. ispartof: Media and Communication vol:7 issue:1 pages:43-55 status: published
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- 2019
180. Territorial Science Echo
- Author
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Caesar, Beate and Lambotte, Jean-Marc
- Subjects
Belgien ,Grenzgebiet ,Luxembourg ,international traffic ,grenzüberschreitender Verkehr ,international relations ,Frankreich ,employees ,Belgium ,Arbeitnehmer ,Germany ,Luxemburg ,Raumordnnung ,France ,Deutschland ,spatial planning ,internationale Verflechtung - Abstract
Das Working Paper beleuchtet den Themenbereich ‚Mobilität und Verkehr‘ und arbeitet Herausforderungen für die Raumentwicklung der Großregion ab. Insbesondere legt es einen Fokus auf die Territoriale Verteilung der grenzüberschreitenden Arbeitnehmerströme und deren Abhängigkeit vom Auto innerhalb der Großregion sowie den Einfluss von EU Politik auf Herausforderungen des grenzüberschreitenden Verkehrs.
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- 2019
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181. The impact of linguistic similarity on cross-cultural comparability of students' perceptions of teaching quality
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Jessica Fischer, Anna-Katharina Praetorius, Eckhard Klieme, University of Zurich, and Fischer, Jessica
- Subjects
Sprache ,Frankreich ,Intercultural comparison ,1407 Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Einflussfaktor ,Interkultureller Vergleich ,0504 sociology ,Belgium ,Germany ,Schweiz ,Frage ,Taipei ,Empirische Bildungsforschung ,Measurement procedure ,Österreich ,Reliabilität ,media_common ,Kolumbien ,Language ,Qualität ,Data ,Belgien ,Klassenführung ,05 social sciences ,Comparability ,050301 education ,%22">PISA ,Kognitives Lernen ,Reliability ,Daten ,Validität ,Quality ,Linguistics ,Pupils ,England ,Test analysis ,Austria ,Schüler ,Vergleichende Bildungsforschung ,Unterricht ,France ,370 Education ,Psychology ,Switzerland ,3304 Education ,Classroom management ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Schanghai ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Classroom techniques ,Colombia ,Cognitive learning ,Education ,ddc:370 ,10091 Institute of Education ,Mexiko ,Similarity (psychology) ,Achievement test ,Cross-cultural ,Messung ,Quality (business) ,Wahrnehmung ,Deutschland ,Contrastive linguistics ,Sprachproblem ,Irland ,Macau ,Teaching ,Messverfahren ,PISA ,050401 social sciences methods ,Pupil ,Antwort ,Testauswertung ,Educational research ,Scotland ,Perception ,Schottland ,0503 education ,Kulturdifferenz ,Ireland - Abstract
Valid cross-country comparisons of student learning and pivotal factors contributing to it, such as teaching quality, offer the possibility to learn from outstandingly effective educational systems across the world and to improve learning in classrooms by providing policy relevant information. Yet, it often remains unclear whether the instruments used in international large-scale assessments work similarly across different cultural and linguistic groups, and thus can be used for comparing them. Using PISA 2012 data, we investigated data comparability of three teaching quality dimensions, namely student support, classroom management, and cognitive activation using a newly developed psychometric approach, namely alignment. Focusing on 15 countries, grouped into five linguistic clusters, we secondly assessed the impact of linguistic similarity on data comparability. Main findings include that (1) comparability of teaching quality measures is limited when comparing linguistically diverse countries; (2) the level of comparability varies across dimensions; (3) linguistic similarity considerably enhances the degree of comparability, except across the Chinese-speaking countries. Our study illustrates new and more flexible possibilities to test for data comparability and outlines the importance to consider cultural and linguistic differences when comparing teaching-related measures across groups. We discuss possible sources of lacking data comparability and implications for comparative educational research. (DIPF/Orig.)
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- 2019
182. Welche Rolle spielen Ausbilder für Studierende bei der Praktikumsvorbereitung?
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Deprit, Agnès, März, Virginie, and Van Nieuwenhoven, Catherine
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Lehrerausbildung ,Nutzung ,Teacher education ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Probationary teacher training ,Schulpädagogik ,Recherche ,Acquisition of knowledge ,Education ,Lehrerrolle ,Questionnaire survey ,ddc:370 ,Referendariat ,Belgium ,Mentor ,Teacher's lesson preparation ,Empirische Bildungsforschung ,Fragebogenerhebung ,Teacher's role ,Vocational education teachers ,Internet ,Practical training in school ,Belgien ,Unterrichtsvorbereitung ,Practice period at school ,Theory Practice Relationship ,Kompetenzerwerb ,Schulpraktikum ,Student teachers ,Teacher role ,Teacher training ,Lesson preparation ,Knowledge ,Bibliothek ,Theorie-Praxis-Beziehung ,Lehramtsstudent ,Wissenserwerb ,Ausbilder - Abstract
L’articulation théorie-pratique au moment de la préparation d’un stage est difficile pour l’étudiant tant il perçoit un écart entre les savoirs appris et la réalité du terrain (Caron & Portelance, 2017). Afin d’observer si le formateur est la ressource par laquelle l’étudiant réalise ces liens, une recherche exploratoire a permis, par le biais d’un questionnaire écrit, d’identifier les ressources qu’il mobilise prioritairement pour préparer son stage. L’analyse montre que l’étudiant se détache progressivement du formateur et de ses cours pour utiliser, en fin de cursus, des ressources advantage externes à la formation (bibliothèque et Internet). (DIPF/Orig.), Eine Verknüpfung zwischen Theorie und Praxis während der Praktikumsvorbereitung herzustellen fällt Studiernden of schwer. Häufig ist ein grosser Unterschied zwischen dem erlernten Wissen und der Realität der Umsetzung auf dem Gebiet zu beobachten (Caron & Portelance, 2017). Um zu untersuchen, ob Ausbilder diese Verknüpfungen fördern können, wurde mittels eines Fragebogens erfasst, welche Ressourcen und Mittel Studierende bei der Praktikumsvorbereitung bevorzugen, Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass sich Studierende gegen Kursende, nach und nach vom Ausbilder und den Unterrichten lösen, um vorwiegend externe Ressourcen (Bibliothek und Internet) heranzuziehen. (DIPF/Orig.)
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- 2019
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183. From Ideal Proposals to Serial Developments: Victor Bourgeois’s Schemes in the Light of Post-War Developments in Brussels
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Gérald Ledent and UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme
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architecture ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Brussels ,Raumplanung und Regionalforschung ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,Modernism ,twentieth century ,02 engineering and technology ,Groupe Structures ,Tabula rasa ,Ideal (ethics) ,Architektur ,urban planning ,lcsh:HT165.5-169.9 ,Belgium ,Political science ,Nachkriegszeit ,Economic history ,Bourgeoisie ,residential behavior ,Etrimo ,ddc:710 ,modernist architecture ,media_common ,Landscaping and area planning ,Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung ,Belgien ,20. Jahrhundert ,05 social sciences ,Area Development Planning, Regional Research ,Victor Bourgeois ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Welfare state ,Wohnen ,lcsh:City planning ,Stadtplanung ,modernist housing ,Urban Studies ,Manhattan Plan ,Moderne ,Spanish Civil War ,post-war period ,Capital (economics) ,Ideology ,050703 geography ,modernity - Abstract
Three essential elements of modernism consolidated through war: a centralised welfare state, a serial industrial apparatus and, often, a territorial tabula rasa. Hence, for many modernist architects and urban planners, post-war Europe became the ideal ground to put their ideas to the test. However, there is a genuine discrepancy between the proposals of the first four Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne (CIAM) and what was massively implemented throughout Europe after 1945. To explore this divergence, Brussels proves to be an interesting case study for two main reasons. First, it hosted the third CIAM in November 1930, where Victor Bourgeois presented his views on housing and cities, in line with the ideals of the time. Second, after the war, Belgium, like many Western countries, experienced a period of euphoria, during which the modernist ideology attained a sudden and broad consensus. In the capital over the following three decades new infrastructure was built, as well as housing developments that derived, at least formally, from the CIAM ideals. This article explores the gap between the ideals and the reality of modernism through a comparison on two scales: the city and housing. Bourgeois’s Grand and Nouveau Bruxelles proposals are compared to the Manhattan Plan and Etrimo’s housing developments. Understanding the gap between the ideals of modernism and its implementation may help identify characteristics of the modernist movement but also, as Lacaton-Vassal pointed out when citing Habermas, complete the “unfinished project” (Habermas, 1984) of modernism.
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- 2019
184. Good-Practice-Recherche: Berufspraktika in Belgien, Deutschland, den Niederlanden, der Schweiz und Slowenien
- Author
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Ziegler, Petra and Müller-Riedlhuber, Heidemarie
- Subjects
Belgien ,Schweiz ,Slowenien ,ddc:330 ,Praktikum ,Deutschland ,Niederlande ,Erfolgsfaktor ,Arbeitsmarktpolitik - Abstract
Die vorliegende Studie, die im Jahr 2019 im Auftrag der Abt. Arbeitsmarktforschung und Berufsinformation vom Wiener Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Bildungsforschung (WIAB) realisiert wurde, widmet sich der Recherche von Good-Practice-Beispielen von "Berufspraktika" in ausgewählten europäischen Ländern, die ähnlich wie die Arbeitserprobung bzw. das Arbeitstraining des AMS als arbeitsmarktpolitische Instrumente etabliert sind. Explizit ausgenommen sind Berufspraktika im Rahmen von berufsbildenden schulischen Ausbildungsgängen oder z.B. Praktika, die im Rahmen von Hochschulstudien absolviert werden, bzw. Praktika im Sinne betrieblicher Traineeprogramme. Berufspraktika werden oft für die berufliche Orientierung oder zum Sammeln beruflicher Erfahrungen eingesetzt. Sie können auch in umfassendere Maßnahmen integriert sein, die z.B. das Nachholen eines Abschlusses umfassen. Eindeutig nicht in den Bereich der Berufspraktika, wie sie in der vorliegenden Studie definiert sind, sind Pflichtpraktika, die in vielen Ausbildungs- und Studiengängen vorgeschrieben sind. Berufspraktika sind somit mit aktiver Arbeitsmarktpolitik verbundene Einsätze in Unternehmen. Diese Studie fokussiert sich vor allem auf die praxis- bzw. betriebsnahe Anwendung der Maßnahmen, Angebote des zweiten Arbeitsmarktes wurden nur dann miteinbezogen, wenn sie einen klaren Fokus auf die Vermittlung in Unternehmenspraktika haben. Dabei wurden nicht nur allein stehende Berufspraktika untersucht, sondern auch Angebote, bei denen ein Praktikum (z.B. Schnupperwochen oder Arbeitserprobungen) in einem Betrieb in eine längerfristige Maßnahme (wie z. B. Ausbildung oder Umschulung) integriert ist. Die Länderauswahl erfolgte zweistufig: Zunächst wurden zehn Länder (Belgien, Dänemark, Deutschland, Frankreich, Finnland, Luxemburg, Niederlande, Schweden, Schweiz und Slowenien) überblicksmäßig analysiert, um herauszufinden, wo innovative Ansätze oder umfassende Programme angeboten werden. Daran anschließend wurden fünf Länder (Belgien, Deutschland, Niederlande, Schweiz, Slowenien) für eine Detailrecherche sowie Good-Practice-Beispiele für eine genauere Analyse ausgewählt.
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- 2019
185. Eroding rights, crafting solidarity?: shifting dynamics in the state-civil society nexus in Flanders and Brussels
- Author
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Robin Vandevoordt
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Opposition (politics) ,soziale Bewegung ,Social Sciences ,Bürgerrecht ,asylum policies ,asylum policy ,Sociology ,Belgium ,Solidarität ,CITIZENSHIP ,refugee ,Citizenship ,Political science ,bürgerschaftliches Engagement ,Migration ,Social movement ,media_common ,education.field_of_study ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,Belgien ,civil rights ,POLICIES ,Flüchtlingspolitik ,citizenship regime ,refugees ,Solidarity ,Mobilisierung ,lcsh:Sociology (General) ,Soziale Probleme und Sozialdienste ,ddc:300 ,Civil society ,Social Psychology ,Refugee ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Politikwissenschaft ,Population ,lcsh:HM401-1281 ,Asylpolitik ,Politics ,social movements ,Sozialwesen, Sozialplanung, Sozialarbeit, Sozialpädagogik ,solidarity ,citizens' involvement ,Law and Political Science ,education ,Migration, Sociology of Migration ,Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,mobilization ,politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur ,MOVEMENTS ,Social Work, Social Pedagogics, Social Planning ,REFUGEE ,social movement ,ddc:360 ,Political economy ,Flüchtling ,ddc:320 ,SOCIAL NETWORKS ,Social problems and services ,policy on refugees - Abstract
In 2015, hundreds of new civil initiatives emerged to provide stopgap help to refugees arriving in Belgium. This article zooms out from this moment of solidarity and explores the broader socio-political conditions that allowed these initiatives to emerge and, in some cases, solidify into professional service-providers or powerful political actors. The article focuses on two case studies, one in Flanders and one in Brussels. In Flanders, the Hospitable Network brings together local civil initiatives which have drawn upon the networks and skills of senior citizens with considerable experience in civic associations, NGOs and social movements. While these initiatives have partly filled the gaps that were created by a series of neoliberal reforms in Flanders’ citizenship regime, the same neoliberal outlook has prevented these initiatives from being institutionalised. In Brussels, the Citizen Platform for the Support of Refugees has mobilised largely among the city’s super-diverse population. The Platform’s development has been shaped by Brussels’ continuing attractiveness to immigrants, as well as by the city’s complex governance structure, which has provided it with both material support and increasing opposition. As a result, the Platform has become a highly visible political actor offering partly professionalised support to refugees.
- Published
- 2019
186. The Origins of Firm Heterogeneity: A Production Network Approach
- Author
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Kalina Manova, Emmanuel Dhyne, Andreas Moxnes, Andrew B. Bernard, and Glenn Magerman
- Subjects
Counterfactual thinking ,Economics and Econometrics ,productivity ,Betriebsgröße ,Production Networks ,Downstream (manufacturing) ,Rlab ,Economie industrielle ,0502 economics and business ,ddc:330 ,Production (economics) ,F10 ,F12 ,Market share ,050207 economics ,Productivity ,Industrial organization ,firm size heterogeneity ,computer.programming_language ,Upstream (petroleum industry) ,HB Economic Theory ,Stylized fact ,050208 finance ,Belgien ,9. Industry and infrastructure ,05 social sciences ,F16 ,HD Industries. Land use. Labor ,Unternehmensnetzwerk ,Production networks, productivity, firm size heterogeneity ,Business ,Produktivität ,computer - Abstract
This paper quantifies the origins of firm size heterogeneity when firms are interconnected in a production network. Using the universe of buyer-supplier relationships in Belgium, the paper develops a set of stylized facts that motivate a model in which firms buy inputs from upstream suppliers and sell to downstream buyers and final demand. Larger firm size can come from high production capability, more or better buyers and suppliers, and/or better matches between buyers and suppliers. Downstream factors explain the vast majority of firm size heterogeneity. Firms with higher production capability have greater market shares among their customers, but also higher input costs and fewer customers. As a result, high production capability firms have lower sales unconditionally and higher sales conditional on their input prices. Counterfactual analysis suggests that the production network accounts for more than half of firm size dispersion. Taken together, our results suggest that multiple firm attributes underpin their success or failure, and that models with only one source of firm heterogeneity fail to capture the majority of firm size dispersion., info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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- 2019
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187. Poverty risk of the unemployed in six European countries: why is it higher in some countries than in others?
- Author
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Bruckmeier, Kerstin and Rhein, Thomas
- Subjects
Slowakei ,unemployment ,Slovakia ,Social Problems ,poverty ,Armut ,income distribution ,soziale Probleme ,Arbeitslosigkeit ,Großbritannien ,Federal Republic of Germany ,Sozialpolitik ,social policy ,Belgium ,Spanien ,Sweden ,Belgien ,Great Britain ,Bundesrepublik Deutschland ,ddc:360 ,Einkommensverteilung ,Spain ,Soziale Probleme und Sozialdienste ,EU-SILC 2014 ,Social problems and services ,EU ,Schweden - Abstract
In all European countries unemployed persons face a high risk of relative poverty, but poverty rates vary greatly among EU countries. We analyse to what extent these differences could be explained by a different composition of the unemployed or by differences in the national income distribution functions. Our results indicate that the effects of individual characteristics on the poverty risk are roughly comparable between countries, but the composition of the unemployed is very different, which explains on average half of the cross-country differences in poverty rates.
- Published
- 2019
188. In the Line of Fire: European Financial Regulators before, during, and after the Crisis
- Author
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Jan Boon, Kai Wegrich, Tobias Bach, Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen, Koen Verhoest, and Stefan Boye
- Subjects
Öffentliche Verwaltung, Militärwissenschaft ,Denmark ,regulatory authority ,Financial system ,Federal Republic of Germany ,bureaucracy ,Belgium ,Political science ,ddc:350 ,Administrative Science ,Bürokratie ,autonomy ,Finanzmarkt ,Belgien ,Public administration ,financial crisis ,Politics ,Finanzkrise ,Dänemark ,reputation ,Verwaltungswissenschaft ,Regulierungsbehörde ,Autonomie ,Strukturreform ,Bundesrepublik Deutschland ,Financial crisis ,financial market ,structural reform ,Line (text file) - Abstract
A key argument in recent theorizing on the drivers of bureaucratic behaviour is that agencies seek to establish and maintain a unique reputation. While recent years have witnessed substantial empirical support for this claim, the field lacks comparative examinations of the dynamics of reputation and its management throughout crisis periods. This article draws on a systematic media content analysis to explore the exposure and communication responses of the German, Belgian and Danish financial regulators to reputational threats before, during, and after the financial crisis. Our results point at the dynamic and context-sensitive nature of reputation management. Ein zentrales Argument der aktuellen Literatur zu bürokratischem Entscheidungsverhalten lautet, dass Behörden danach streben, eine einzigartige Reputation zu erlangen und aufrechtzuerhalten. Diese Aussage wurde in den vergangenen Jahren in zahlreichen empirischen Studien bestätigt. Allerdings liegen bislang keine vergleichenden Analysen vor, die sich mit der Veränderung bürokratischer Reputation und dem Reputationsmanagement in Krisenzeiten auseinandersetzen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht auf der Grundlage einer systematischen Medienanalyse, welchen reputationsbezogenen Bedrohungen die Finanzmarktbehörden in Deutschland, Belgien und Dänemark vor, während und nach der Finanzkrise ausgesetzt waren und wie diese hierauf mit Hilfe öffentlicher Kommunikation reagiert haben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Reputationsmanagement zeitlichen Schwankungen unterliegt und kontextabhängig ist.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
189. Measuring and comparing planning cultures: risk, trust and co-operative attitudes in experimental games
- Author
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Keyang Li, Perrine Dethier, D. Ary A. Samsura, Jean-Marie Halleux, Berit Nordahl, Erwin van der Krabben, and Anders Eika
- Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development ,Raumplanung und Regionalforschung ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Face (sociological concept) ,02 engineering and technology ,kulturelle Faktoren ,Experiment ,Einstellung ,Kooperation ,Belgium ,ddc:710 ,Norwegen ,Netherlands ,risk ,Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung ,Belgien ,Norway ,risk behavior ,05 social sciences ,Area Development Planning, Regional Research ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Public relations ,Stadtplanung ,Risikoverhalten ,Raumplanung ,confidence ,Psychology ,050703 geography ,Institute for Management Research ,Co operative ,Vertrauen ,Planung ,0507 social and economic geography ,cooperation ,planning practice ,Kultur ,urban planning ,Risiko ,comparative research ,Niederlande ,Landscaping and area planning ,attitude research ,business.industry ,cultural factors ,culture ,vergleichende Forschung ,attitude ,Planungspraxis ,Einstellungsforschung ,planning ,business ,spatial planning ,Comparative planning cultures - Abstract
Cultural impacts in planning increasingly receive attention from both academics and practitioners around Europe. However, comparative planning cultures studies face the challenges of lacking systematic comparison and empirical evidence, especially at the micro level of planning actors’ behaviour in interaction. This article aims to fill these gaps by (1) operationalizing the concept of planning culture; and (2) measuring and comparing it. We base our operationalization on the culturized planning model (Knieling, J., & Othengrafen, F. (Eds.). (2009). Planning cultures in Europe: Decoding cultural phenomena in urban and regional planning. Farnham: Ashgate). We complement its explanatory power by building a link between planning culture and planning outcome through attitudes of planning actors. This article focuses on three attitudes: risk, trust and co-operation. To measure and compare these attitudes, we adopt three experimental economic games and conduct an experiment with public and private planning practitioners in three European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway. Both cross-country and public-private differences in these attitudes are tested in the experiment. Our experimental findings suggest that Dutch planning actors value risk aversion and trust; Norwegian planning actors value cooperation; while (French-speaking) Belgian planning actors do not value these variables that much.
- Published
- 2019
190. Inkomensherverdeling en armoedereductie door sociale uitkeringen en belastingen in België en Nederland
- Author
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Caminada, Koen, Goudswaard, Kees, Vliet, Olaf van, and Bakker, Vincent
- Subjects
Social Problems ,Sozialleistung ,income distribution ,social benefits ,soziale Probleme ,Steuern ,Sozialpolitik ,Social Policy ,Armutsbekämpfung ,taxes ,redistribution ,Wohlfahrtsstaat ,Belgium ,Niederlande ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,combating poverty ,Netherlands ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,Belgien ,EU-SILC ,Umverteilung ,ddc:360 ,Einkommensverteilung ,Soziale Probleme und Sozialdienste ,ddc:300 ,Social problems and services ,welfare state - Published
- 2019
191. Territorial Science Echo
- Author
-
Belkacem, Rachid, Dörrenbacher, Peter, and Pigeron-Piroth, Isabelle
- Subjects
border area ,Belgien ,Grenzgebiet ,employee ,international traffic ,Frankreich ,Belgium ,Arbeitnehmer ,cross-border cooperation ,Germany ,Luxemburg ,grenzüberschreitende Kooperation ,France ,Deutschland ,internationaler Verkehr - Abstract
Das Working Paper beleuchtet den Themenbereich Beschäftigung und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und arbeitet Herausforderungen für die Raumentwicklung der Großregion ab. Insbesondere legt es einen Fokus auf die Industriegeschichte sowie die Beschäftigung und grenzüberschreitende Arbeit in der Großregion.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
192. War Aims and War Aims Discussions (Belgium)
- Author
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Tuyll, Hubert Van
- Subjects
Belgien ,World War, 1914-1918--Belgium ,Weltkrieg [1914-1918] - Abstract
Belgium’s war aims were a direct consequence of the way in which the country was created. The treaties finalized in 1839 left Belgium with part of Luxembourg and Limburg, and also left the Scheldt access to Antwerp under Dutch control. During World War I, Belgian leaders decided to demand changes to these borders and also to obtain substantial reparations for four years of brutal occupation. However, none of these aims were realized at Versailles., 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
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- 2019
- Full Text
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193. The long awaited birth of a Flemish TA-Institute
- Author
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D. Holemans
- Subjects
Belgien ,GND ,Gründung ,Projekt ,Technikfolgenabschätzung ,Wissenschaftliche Einrichtung ,Technology ,Social Sciences - Published
- 2001
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194. Information technologies and intensification of work - some results of the FLEXCOT-project
- Author
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P. Vendramin and G. Valenduc
- Subjects
Arbeitsflexibilisierung ,Arbeitstätigkeit ,Belgien ,GND ,Informationstechnik ,Intensivierung ,Technology ,Social Sciences - Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
195. VIB starts TA research programme on the social aspects of modern biotechnology
- Author
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TATuP Redaktion
- Subjects
Belgien ,Ernährungssicherung ,Gentherapie ,GND ,Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ,Technikfolgenabschätzung ,Technology ,Social Sciences - Published
- 1999
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196. Still ‘Watching’ TV? The Consumption of TV Fiction by Engaged Audiences
- Author
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Alexander Dhoest and Nele Simons
- Subjects
media behavior ,television program ,television series ,digitalization ,01 natural sciences ,ddc:070 ,lcsh:Communication. Mass media ,Key (music) ,in-depth interviews ,Medienverhalten ,0508 media and communications ,Belgium ,Medienkonsum ,Sociology ,Fernsehen ,Digitization ,media_common ,Wirkungsforschung, Rezipientenforschung ,Belgien ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Advertising ,Massenmedien ,television ,lcsh:P87-96 ,Fernsehprogramm ,Fernsehsendung ,television broadcast ,Mass communications ,Flanders ,Watch Television ,Convergence (relationship) ,cross-media ,media service ,Digitalisierung ,TV viewing ,Nutzung ,Emerging technologies ,media_common.quotation_subject ,technological change ,utilization ,interaktive Medien ,050801 communication & media studies ,Impact Research, Recipient Research ,Consumption (sociology) ,mass media ,spectator ,technischer Wandel ,audiovisual media ,Broadcasting, Telecommunication ,Medien ,audiovisuelle Medien ,Institution ,Rundfunk, Telekommunikation ,News media, journalism, publishing ,Mediendienst ,010405 organic chemistry ,media ,interactive media ,0104 chemical sciences ,TV fiction ,Publizistische Medien, Journalismus,Verlagswesen ,Zuschauer ,media consumption ,Fernsehserie ,Qualitative research - Abstract
There is no denying that television, as a medium and an institution, has drastically changed in the age of digitization and convergence. For audiences, this has not only opened up multiple opportunities to watch television content at other times and on other devices, but also to interact with its cross-media extensions. However, while much has been written about the new opportunities for audience engagement, we do not know much about the actual adoption of new technologies nor the motivations underlying such uses. Therefore, this paper draws on empirical audience research to address the key question: how do viewers engage with contemporary TV fiction? Through empirical audience research, using various qualitative research methods, three different aspects of the reception of cross-media TV fiction will be discussed: (1) how do viewers watch the TV episodes of contemporary TV fiction?, (2) how do viewers engage with the cross-media extensions of TV fiction?, and (3) how do viewers experience the social dimensions of contemporary TV fiction? We focus on a particular group, that of 'engaged' viewers, who are actively involved by personalizing their viewing practices, by communicating about it, by consuming cross-media elements of TV fiction, or producing TV fiction-related content. Our findings suggest that even this group does not make full use of all the available technological opportunities to personalize TV viewing, and that the classical TV text, linear viewing, and the social aspect of viewing remain of key importance. (author's abstract)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. Imbalanced Job Polarization and Skills Mismatch in Europe
- Author
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Theo Sparreboom and Alexander Tarvid
- Subjects
Labour economics ,Frankreich ,Slowenien ,Schweiz ,Econometrics ,Economics ,Estland ,Österreich ,050207 economics ,Berufsstruktur ,Norwegen ,Belgien ,Polen ,Kroatien ,05 social sciences ,Dänemark ,050301 education ,Reverse effect ,Lettland ,Rumänien ,Bundesrepublik Deutschland ,Financial crisis ,Ungarn ,Europa ,Arbeitskräfteangebot ,Slowakei ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Economics and Econometrics ,Litauen ,Italien ,Island ,Qualifikationsstruktur ,0502 economics and business ,ddc:330 ,Luxemburg ,Qualifikationsanforderungen ,Niederlande ,Irland ,Spanien ,Portugal ,Polarization (politics) ,Tschechische Republik ,Griechenland ,Überqualifikation ,Finnland ,Unterqualifikation ,Arbeitskräftenachfrage ,Industrial relations ,Mixed effects ,Normative ,mismatch - internationaler Vergleich ,0503 education ,Schweden - Abstract
This paper considers the education of the labour force based on an analysis of trends in and the relationships between job polarization and skills mismatch. Both job polarization and skills mismatch have become topics of increasing interest, but relationships between the two have been relatively neglected in the literature. We argue that the relationship between polarization and skills mismatch is an empirical matter, which we analyse at both the macroeconomic and microeconomic level in European countries. A novel job polarization index (JPI) is proposed to measure imbalanced job polarization. It takes into account not only the change in the share of medium-level jobs, as is typical for measuring pure polarization, but also the imbalance between the change in high-level and low-level jobs. Skills mismatch at macro-level is measured by a skills mismatch index (SMI), while traditional measures of undereducation and overeducation are used at the microeconomic level. At the macroeconomic level, we estimate a system of two equations, one for each of the country-level variables gauging polarization and mismatch, respectively. Imbalanced job polarization measured by the JPI negatively affects skills mismatch at the macroeconomic level (SMI), but there is no significant reverse effect. Thereafter we consider the microeconomic level and study the determinants of mismatch using multi-level mixed effects logistic models. The effect of imbalanced job polarization on individual-level mismatch was arguably favourable for individuals in non-crisis time, decreasing overeducation risk although also increasing the chances of undereducation, both gauged using the normative measure, but unfavourable during the global financial crisis of 2008–2009 and the following two years.
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- 2016
- Full Text
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198. Action Research: An Essential Approach for Constructing the Development of Sustainable Urban Agricultural Systems
- Author
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Bousbaine, Antonia Djmela, Bryant, Christopher Robin, Bousbaine, Antonia Djmela, and Bryant, Christopher Robin
- Abstract
How can research contribute more directly to promoting and leading to sustainable solutions and projects? This article suggests that one of the most important research approaches capable of achieving this is the Action Research approach. This involves the researcher taking on a number of roles when working with other actors (e.g. citizens, farmers, local elected officials, citizen associations, government representatives. . . with the specific set of actors depending upon the nature of the subject being investigated and for which solutions are sought). The roles that the researcher can play involve providing appropriate information to the other actors, providing counseling to them, organizing and animating meetings with the actors, and accompanying the whole process involving all the actors. These roles are essentially played out by the researcher when the other actors request the researcher to assume whichever roles they consider to be significant. The fundamental notion is that through this process the actors appropriate the sustainable solutions as their own, and the researcher helps them achieve this. This article is based on: a) a synthesis of pertinent research using the Action Research approach (specifically in relation to sustainable agricultural systems in periurban territories), and b) specific research undertaken by the two co-authors of the article, all in the context of periurban agricultural systems during the last 8 years, as well as on some of their publications. The necessary characteristics of Action Research and the researchers involved are identified, namely: a) patience; b) an emphasis on process; and c) an emphasis on participation on the part of multiple actors.
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- 2018
199. A voice recording, a portrait photo and three drawings: tracing the life of a colonial soldier
- Author
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Leibniz-Zentrum Moderner Orient (ZMO), Liebau, Heike, Leibniz-Zentrum Moderner Orient (ZMO), and Liebau, Heike
- Abstract
Out of a total of approximately 1.4 million South Asians fighting in the First World War, more than 90,000 combatants fought on the Western Front in France and Belgium. Nearly 50,000 South Asian labourers were also sent to France and Flanders to support the British troops. During the First World War, South Asian combatants and non-combatants were taken prisoner in France, Belgium, Mesopotamia, East Africa, and other theatres of war. Around a thousand South Asian military POWs and approximately the same number of civilian South Asians living in Europe were detained in German camps. Within this article, these years of captivity in the life of the colonial soldier Gangaram Gurung are reconstructed - by exploring visual, auditory and textual evidence about him.
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- 2018
200. Die Europäische Interventionsinitiative EI2: warum mitmachen für Deutschland die richtige Entscheidung ist
- Author
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Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik e.V., Major, Claudia, Mölling, Christian, Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik e.V., Major, Claudia, and Mölling, Christian
- Abstract
Frankreich will Europas Verteidigung außerhalb der EU-Strukturen organisieren, mit dem Ziel, besser und schneller gemeinsame Militärinterventionen durchführen zu können. Die Europäische Interventionsinitiative soll die Länder zusammenführen, die politisch willens und militärisch fähig sind, Einsätze durchzuführen. Neun Länder u. a. Großbritannien hat Frankreich bisher eingeladen. Deutschland sieht diese Initiative kritisch, sollte sich ihr aber dennoch anschließen.
- Published
- 2018
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