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総説, アトピー性皮膚炎の経過には心理社会的要因が関与することが明らかとなり,2009 年版日本皮膚科学会による「アトピー性皮膚炎診療ガイドライン」にも基本的治療のひとつとして心身医学的側面からの治療が明記された.今回,39 歳,男性,通院は不定期で増悪により当科入院となったアトピー性皮膚炎患者につき検討した.本例は悪化時のみの受診,治療への意欲がない等から,アトピー性皮膚炎における心身症の分類では「治療・管理への不適応」に相当すると考える.客観評価では抑うつやストレスはなかったが,共感の過程で家族,仕事のストレスが判明し自身が掻破行動との関連を自覚するに至った.これら心身医学的側面からの評価・加療と,痒みに対する行動療法,生活や外用療法指導,疾患に関する知識の教育を行い,2 週間で軽快退院となった.アトピー性皮膚炎加療にあたり,時には精神科医のアドバイスを求めながら,心身医学的治療を行う必要性は高いと考えた.

Since anticonvulsants have been used for treating neuralgias, an interest has arisen to experimentally test vigabatrin for its gabaergic mechanism of action. For this, 41 Wistar rats were used, and in 25 of them a constrictive sciatic neuropathy was induced (Bennet & Xie model). For testing pain symptoms, spontaneous (scratching) and evoked behaviors to noxious (46o C) and non-noxious (40o C) thermal stimuli were quantified. Moreover, a comparative pharmacological study of vigabatrin with other analgesic anticonvulsant drugs was also performed. The results showed a possible dose-dependent analgesic effect of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl-GABA) on experimental neuropathic pain, as shown by the significant (p

Since anticonvulsants have been used for treating neuralgias, an interest has arisen to experimentally test vigabatrin for its gabaergic mechanism of action. For this, 41 Wistar rats were used, and in 25 of them a constrictive sciatic neuropathy was induced (Bennet & Xie model). For testing pain symptoms, spontaneous (scratching) and evoked behaviors to noxious (46o C) and non-noxious (40o C) thermal stimuli were quantified. Moreover, a comparative pharmacological study of vigabatrin with other analgesic anticonvulsant drugs was also performed. The results showed a possible dose-dependent analgesic effect of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl-GABA) on experimental neuropathic pain, as shown by the significant (p

While considerable effort has been made to investigate the neural mechanisms of pain, much less effort has been devoted to itch, at least until recently. However, itch is now gaining increasing recognition as a widespread and costly medical and socioeconomic issue. This is accompanied by increasing interest in the underlying neural mechanisms of itch, which has become a vibrant and rapidly-advancing field of research. The goal of the present forefront review is to describe the recent progress that has been made in our understanding of itch mechanisms.

Scratching behaviour in cats is described as a normal expression of the feline ethogram, having different possible purposes related to visual and chemical communication. During behavioural consultations owners often mention scratching as an additional problem. This preliminary study aimed to understand the characteristics of this complex behaviour by examining the variables displayed by a sample of the Italian feline population using multiple correspondence analysis. One hundred and twenty-eight cats were screened by means of a questionnaire to identify features of their scratching behaviour. Our data showed the importance of both the presence/absence of a scratching post in the cat’s living area and its relationship to marking. When a scratching post is present in a cat’s living area, the cat appears to use it. Some aspects related to sex, neutering, age and environmental characteristics may modify the expression of scratching as a marking behaviour. Research has led to increased knowledge of this behaviour and may help veterinarians in describing to owners why it is important for cats to express scratching behaviour in their environment. Such information could help veterinarians and owners to recognise normal and problematic scratching behaviours.

To clarify the mechanisms by which compound 48/80 (C48/80) induces scratching behavior, the involvement of dopamine D(1) receptors was investigated. The intracisternal (i.t.) administration of SCH23390 (1.0 μg), a selective dopamine D(1) receptor antagonist, significantly decreased C48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice. These results suggest that dopamine D(1) receptors contribute to scratching behavior or the itch sensation induced by subcutaneous injection of C48/80 in mice. Co-administration of SCH23390 and C48/80 enhanced c-fos immunoreactivities in the peduncular part of the lateral hypothalamus (PLH), whereas the immunoreactivities in the other groups were unchanged. The dopaminergic system may be playing an important role in the suppression of C48/80-induced scratching behavior by SCH23390.

研究科: 千葉大学大学院薬学研究院, 修了年:2007, 学位:千大院医薬博乙第医薬9号

Title Olopatadine hydrochloride inhibits scratching behavior induced by a proteinase-activated receptor 2 agonist in mice. Author(s) Yoshizaki, Ayumi; Sato, Shinichi Citation Journal of dermatological science, 56(2), pp.136-139; 2009 Issue Date 2009-11 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10069/22311 Right Copyright © 2009 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Academic Output SITE

研究科: 千葉大学大学院薬学研究院, 修了年:2007, 学位:千大院医薬博乙第医薬9号